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  • Distributed, Parallel, Fault-tolerant File System

    - by Eddified
    There are so many choices that it's hard to know where to start. My requirements are these: Runs on Linux Most of the files will be between 5-9 MB in size. There will also be a significant number of small-ish jpgs (100px x 100px). All of the files need to be available over http. Redundancy -- ideally it would provide the space efficiency similar to RAID 5 of 75% (in RAID 5 this would be calculated thus: with 4 identical disks, 25% of the space is used for parity = 75% efficent) Must support several petabytes of data scalable runs on commodity hardware In addition, I look for these qualities, though they are not "requirements": Stable, mature file system Lots of momentum and support etc I would like some input as to which file system works best for the given requirements. Some people at my organization are leaning towards MogileFS, but I'm not convinced of the stability and momentum of that project. GlusterFS and Lustre, based on my limited research, appear to be better supported... Thoughts?

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  • Pros and Cons between learning to program on Windows and Linux and Macs

    - by Amumu
    I have been studying IT for 2 years and I'm going to graduate soon in this year (if everything goes well). I think it's time for me to choose a path to specialized into some fields of this large industry. Personally, I want to be a game programmer. But to be a game programmer, surely I have to invest my time to study Windows Programming, then DirectX and other programming techniques related to game. On the other hand, Linux seems promising as well. I am not sure about Game Programming on for it, but it seems become an expert for this OS, and by expert it's not about using the OS to become an administrator, but can do further than that, such as understand the OS to its essence and can produce applications for it. However, there's some obstacles in my view for this development path. Many of my friends think that Linux is based on free and open source, and if you follow it, as its name suggested: Free and Open Source, it means we also give away our software free. Otherwise, we will have to find a second job to make living. Currently, I think a viable way to make money on Linux is doing works related to client-server. Another way to developer my career is to become expert in developing business applications for companies. This is more on business, not on specialized IT fields so I am not really interested. Another alternative is programming on mobile devices, such as iPhone, Android and it seems very promising and easier to approach. Another way is to become a computer scientist and research on academic subjects such as AI, human-computer interaction, but this is far beyond my reach, so I won't invest my time on it until I feel I am experienced enough. That's all I can think of for now. I may miss a lot of things, so I need more opinions as input to get the big picture of the industry for my career path.

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  • Why is <my site url> not indexed by search engines? [closed]

    - by Henrik Erlandsson
    was indexed fine until about a year ago. The only thing I can think of is that search engines throw up at using h5 before h4, or that some person (fantasizing now) has reported my site as unsafe to every search engine. However, I'm not here to speculate. The site validates, and has an RSS feed on the front page, for Pat Morita's sake! To me, it looks like the kind of site search engines would feast on. It's got more than a dozen blogs on it, if nothing else. Hah. :) I was thinking you could identify basically what has changed in search engines (currently, google, yahoo, bing which used to work fine) the last year to make them not find news and blog articles on this site. The site was submitted to Google, oh, way back in 2006. With online crawler tests I get mixed results, some crawlers index fine, some go blank. I don't really know which ones are reliable and am looking to you guys for advice on that. Yes, I am prepared to again verify my site with Google and upload a sitemap, but that's not the topic here. I really would first like to know what change on the site last year could make search engines not index it. (Yees, the robots.txt is fine. Should be nothing to discourage bots there.) It's a very intriguing problem. One which I have yet to find the reason for but would like to know the reason for. Any and all input appreciated, but I would heavily enjoy pertinent advice the most. ;) Edit: Some google searches that don't show up include - aca630 All of which are posted in the news and blogs that are on the front page there. Now, these search terms are extremely specific as the term in is almost unique on the web and ACA630 is also a very qualified search term that can't be confused with mainstream search terms.

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  • Javascript Canvas Drawing Efficiency

    - by jujumbura
    I have just recently started some experiments with game development in Javascript/HTML5, and so far it has been going pretty well. I have a simple test scene running with some basic input handling, and a hundred-ish drawImage() calls with a few transforms. This all runs great on Chrome, but unfortunately, it already chugs on Firefox. I am using a very large canvas ( 1920 x 1080 ), but it doesn't seem like I should be hitting my limit already. So on that note, I was hoping to ask a few questions: 1) What exactly is done on the CPU vs. the GPU in terms of canvas and drawImage()? I'm afraid the answer is probably "it depends on the browser", but can anybody give me some rules of thumb? I naively imagined that each drawImage call results in a textured quad on the GPU with the canvas effectively being a render target, but I'm wondering if I'm pretty far off base there... 2) I have seen posts here and there with people saying not to use the translate(), rotate(), scale() functions when drawing on the canvas. Am I adding a lot of overhead just by adding a translate() call, as opposed to passing in the x,y to drawImage()? Some people suggest using "transate3d", etc., which are CSS properties, but I'm not sure how to use them within a scene. Can they be used for animated sprites within a single canvas? 3) I have also seen a lot of posts with people mentioning that pre-building canvases and then re-using them is a lot faster than issuing all the individual draw calls again. I am guessing that my background should definitely be pre-built into a canvas, but how far should I take this? Should I maintain an individual canvas for each sprite, to cache all static image data when not animating? Thank you much for your advice!

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  • BizTalk 2009 - Scoped Record Counting in Maps

    - by StuartBrierley
    Within BizTalk there is a functoid called Record Count that will return the number of instances of a repeated record or repeated element that occur in a message instance. The input to this functoid is the record or element to be counted. As an example take the following Source schema, where the Source message has a repeated record called Box and each Box has a repeated element called Item: An instance of this Source schema may look as follows; 2 box records - one with 2 items and one with only 1 item. Our destination schema has a number of elements and a repeated box record.  The top level elements contain totals for the number of boxes and the overall number of items.  Each box record contains a single element representing the number of items in that box. Using the Record Count functoid it is easy to map the top level elements, producing the expected totals of 2 boxes and 3 items: We now need to map the total number of items per box, but how will we do this?  We have already seen that the record count functoid returns the total number of instances for the entire message, and unfortunately it does not allow you to specify a scoping parameter.  In order to acheive Scoped Record Counting we will need to make use of a combination of functoids. As you can see above, by linking to a Logical Existence functoid from the record/element to be counted we can then feed the output into a Value Mapping functoid.  Set the other Value Mapping parameter to "1" and link the output to a Cumulative Sum functoid. Set the other Cumulative Sum functoid parameter to "1" to limit the scope of the Cumulative Sum. This gives us the expected results of Items per Box of 2 and 1 respectively. I ran into this issue with a larger schema on a more complex map, but the eventual solution is still the same.  Hopefully this simplified example will act as a good reminder to me and save someone out there a few minutes of brain scratching.

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  • Distributed Rendering in the UDK and Unity

    - by N0xus
    At the moment I'm looking at getting a game engine to run in a CAVE environment. So far, during my research I've seen a lot of people being able to get both Unity and the Unreal engine up and running in a CAVE (someone did get CryEngine to work in one, but there is little research data about it). As of yet, I have not cemented my final choice of engine for use in the next stage of my project. I've experience in both, so the learning curve will be gentle on both. And both of the engines offer stereoscopic rendering, either already inbuilt with ReadD (Unreal) or by doing it yourself (Unity). Both can also make use of other input devices as well, such as the kinect or other devices. So again, both engines are still on the table. For the last bit of my preliminary research, I was advised to see if either, or both engines could do distributed rendering. I was advised this, as the final game we make could go into a variety of differently sized CAVEs. The one I have access to is roughly 2.4m x 3m cubed, and have been duly informed that this one is a "baby" compared to others. So, finally onto my question: Can either the Unreal Engine, or Unity Engine make it possible for developers to allow distributed rendering? Either through in built devices, or by creating my own plugin / script?

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  • Execute local script requiring arguments on Linux via plink

    - by c_maker
    Is it possible to execute (from windows) a local script with arguments on a remote linux system? Here's what I got: plink 1.2.3.4 -l root -pw mypassword -m hello.sh Is there a way to do this same thing, but able to give input parameters to hello.sh? I've tried many things, including: plink 1.2.3.4 -l root -pw mypassword -m hello.sh input1 input2 In this case it seems that plink thinks that input1 and input2 are its arguments.. which makes sense. What are my options?

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  • Problem Installing Ubuntu 12.04 - [Errno 5]

    - by Rob Barker
    I'm trying to intall Ubuntu 12.04 to my brand new eBay purchased hard drive. Only got the drive today and already it's causing me problems. The seller is a proper proffesional company with 99.9% positive feedback, so it seems unlikely they would have sold me something rubbish. My old hard drive packed up last Tuesday and so i bought a new one to replace it. Because this was an entirely new drive i decided to install Ubuntu as there was no current operating system. My computer is an eMachines EM250 netbook. There's no disc drive so i am installing from a USB stick. The new operating system loads beautifully, and the desktop appears just as it should. When i click install i am taken to the installer which copies the files to about 35% and then displays this: [Errno 5] Input/output error This is often due to a faulty CD/DVD disk or drive, or a faulty hard disk. It may help to clean the CD/DVD, to burn the CD/DVD at a lower speed, to clean the CD/DVD drive lens (cleaning kits are often available from electronics suppliers), to check whether the hard disk is old and in need of replacement, or to move the system to a cooler environment. The hard drive can be heard constantly crackling. When i booted Ubuntu 12.04 from my old faulty hard drive as a test, i didn't even make it past the purple Ubuntu screen, so it can't be that bad. Any ideas? Message to the moderators. Please do not close this thread. I'm well aware there may be other threads on this, but i don't want it closing as the others do not provide the answer i am looking for. Thank you.

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  • mix audio with h264 mp4 video with ffmpeg

    - by user2362912
    I have 2 files : Input #0, wav, from '105426_1.wav': Duration: 00:00:09.98, bitrate: 1312 kb/s Stream #0:0: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 41000 Hz, stereo, s16, 1312 kb/s and: Duration: 00:00:41.29, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1313 kb/s Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 1211 kb/s, 24.42 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn, 48 tbc Metadata: handler_name : VideoHandler Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: aac (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 99 kb/s Metadata: handler_name : SoundHandler I want to insert first audio file into video in special place (for example in 10 secunde of video) and mix it with audio stream of video file. I try to /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg -i 105426_1.wav -i 105426.mp4 -map 0:0 -map 1:1 -map 1:0 video_finale.mp4 but result is : Duration: 00:00:41.31, start: 0.046440, bitrate: 755 kb/s Stream #0:0(und): Audio: aac (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s Metadata: handler_name : SoundHandler Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: aac (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s Metadata: handler_name : SoundHandler Stream #0:2(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 588 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 12800 tbn, 50 tbc Metadata: handler_name : VideoHandler I need only one audio stream and first stream play not from beginig but from 10 sec

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  • Web Hosting Checklist

    - by Chris
    Hello, I am a web developer that is starting to look into hosting his own website. I would like to showcase my programming skills (PHP, MySQl, C#, Wordpress). My knowledge of languages I am OK with but the actually hosting site is where my knowledge starts to get a little shaky. I know the basics (bandwidth, sub-domains, re-write rules) but I would love your input, to help me formulate a check list of certain web-hosting services that I should be on the look-out for. Also I was wondering if there were any reliable hosting providers who give you the option to host both c# code-behinds and PHP code. As I would like to have two versions of my site, one in C# and one in PHP the hope is that if I need to look for another job this website will help me show possible employers my server side knowledge. I hope this is enough info, I did some researching online but found a bunch of unless articles and I've always have had luck on the StackExchange sites. So hopefully you, can help me. Thanks alot.

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  • windows server secondary plex or windows server default

    - by shiva
    I am new to handling issues on server. when my system tried to reboot I could see two installables to boot from. windows server 2012- current os windows server secondary plex. So when ever there is a system restart the system it stops at this screen. And since I am connecting to this server using RDP I have to wait for the hetzner console to click on of the os to boot. Even though the current os is set as default and time given is 30 sec, it still waits for a user input. So I want to know which of the two should I be using to boot and I just want one os.

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  • How to establish SIP connection, when SIP-proxy is required?

    - by LA_
    I have Asterisk/1.8.13.1 Asterisk GUI-version : SVN--r Yes, quite old one, but I can not update it since this is installed on my Synology NAS. NAS is connected to internet thru router Asus RT-N16. I should use the following data to connect to the server: Auth name – 7499952XXXX User name/User ID/Display Name – nickname Authorization user name - [email protected] Domain - sip.beeline.ru SIP proxy server - msk.sip.beeline.ru I've also found the following string: [email protected]:password:[email protected]@msk.sip.beeline.ru:5060/7499952XXXX I've tested the parameters on my PC thru X-Lite and it works well (so, assume there is no any problem with the router, no need to do anything with router's NAS settings). But since I am quite new to Asterisk, I can not understand where to input all these data. Asterisk GUI doesn't have fields for proxy: Can somebody please help me with step-by-step instruction? Thank you in advance!

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  • Streaming video file to iPhone

    - by user34157
    I have a http streaming link which gives me .flv streaming feed. I want to convert that and access in my iPhone program. How can i do that? I want to have a desktop software like VLC and input this streaming feed URL and convert to iPhone supported and stream again to iPhone. I tried VLC with H.264 and Mpeg-1 audio, but seems to be it doesn't give the supported format, so as iPhone program doesn't play the video. Could someone please guide me how can i setup a desktop software which can stream iPhone supported file?

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  • Piping the output of a program to Preview.app

    - by Abhay Buch
    I'm using an application (the dot program of the graphviz library) that generates a wide variety of file formats including PostScript and PDF. It can send the result to stdout or to a file. I'm currently sending it to a file and opening it with Preview. Is there any way to pipe the output and have it be read by Preview, so that I'd don't have to generate a file and have it lying around? This is going to be used by a number of people who won't know the internal structure of the generating script and I don't want to clutter their folders or complicate their lives. More generally, is there any way to take a program that sends its output to stdout and pass that output to an program that usually takes it's input from a file, without actually creating a file?

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  • Should you create a class within a method?

    - by Amndeep7
    I have made a program using Java that is an implementation of this project: http://nifty.stanford.edu/2009/stone-random-art/sml/index.html. Essentially, you create a mathematical expression and, using the pixel coordinate as input, make a picture. After I initially implemented this in serial, I then implemented it in parallel due to the fact that if the picture size is too large or if the mathematical expression is too complex (especially considering the fact that I made the expression recursively), it takes a really long time. During this process, I realized that I needed two classes which implemented the Runnable interface as I had to put in parameters for the run method, which you aren't allowed to do directly. One of these classes ended up being a medium sized static inner class (not large enough to make an independent class file for it though). The other though, just needed a few parameters to determine some indexes and the size of the for loop that I was making run in parallel - here it is: class DataConversionRunnable implements Runnable { int jj, kk, w; DataConversionRunnable(int column, int matrix, int wid) { jj = column; kk = matrix; w = wid; } public void run() { for(int i = 0; i < w; i++) colorvals[kk][jj][i] = (int) ((raw[kk][jj][i] + 1.0) * 255 / 2.0); increaseCounter(); } } My question is should I make it a static inner class or can I just create it in a method? What is the general programming convention followed in this case?

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  • Change the audio output device in Firefox

    - by Zanami Zani
    I'm trying to play music through Ventrilo and currently I use Virtual Audio Cable. The way it works is that in foobar2000 (a music playing program) I set the output device in preferences to Virtual Audio Cable. Then in Ventrilo I log in to another name and set the input device to Virtual Audio Cable. This routes the music through the Virtual Audio Cable and allows me to play the music through Ventrilo. However, I would also like to change the output device for Firefox (or any other browser) or "Plugin Container for Firefix" to Virtual Audio Cable so that I could play music from Pandora or YouTube on to Ventrilo. Unfortunately I could not find an option for this anywhere.

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  • Windows cmd does not recognize xx.exe even though xx.exe is in system path

    - by July
    I installed 7-zip and add its directory to system path: C:\Program Files\7-Zip to PATH, from windows start-input cmd and press enter, Windows command line is started, i type 7z.exe, then press enter, it just run. However when i start command line this way: cmd.exe /c start {projectDir} /D{driveLetter} cmd /K then i type 7z.exe, it gives me error because it can not find 7z.exe. why and how to fix? P.S. 1. I'm on Win7. 2. For some other apps, the above way did works, that's why i'm so confused how bat works.

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  • Choosing open source vs. proprietary CMS

    - by jkneip
    Hi- I've been tasked with redesigning a website for a small academic library. While only in charge of the site for 6 months, we've been maintaining static html pages edited in Dreamweaver for years. Last count of our total pages is around 400. Our university is going with an enterprise level solution called Sitefinity, although we maintain our own domain and are responsible to maintain our own presense. Some background-my library has a couple Microsoft IIS servers on which this static html site has been running. I'm advocating for the implementation of a CMS while doing this redesign. The problem is I'm basically the lone webmaster so I have no one to agree or disagree with my choice. There are also only 1-2 content editors right know for the site but a CMS could change that factor. I would like to use the functionality of having servers that run .NET and MS SQL but am more experience setting up and maintaining open source software like Wordpress or Drupal on web hosts. My main concern is choosing a CMS that will be easy to update / maintain / deal with upgrades (i.e., support) in case I'm not there in the future. So I'm wondering how to factor in the open source CMS vs. a relatively inexpensive commercial CMS decision and whether choosing PHP/MySQL vs. ASP.net framework for development environment will play into my decision. Thanks for any input that can be offered based on the details I've given. Thanks, Jason

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  • SEO Keyword Research Help

    - by user5857
    I'm new at SEO and keyword research. I am using Market Samurai as my research tool, and I was wondering if I could ask for your help to identify the best key word to target for my niche. I do plan on incorporating all of them into my site, but I wanted to start with one. If you could give me your input on these keywords, I would appreciate it. This is all new to me :) I'm too new to post pictures, but here are my keywords (Searches, SEO Traffic, and SEO Value / Day): Searches | SEO Traffic | PBR | SEO Value | Average PR/Backlinks of Current Top 10 1: 730 | 307 | 20% | 2311.33 | 1.9 / 7k-60k 2: 325 | 137 | 24% | 822.94 | 2.3 / 7k-60k 3: 398 | 167 | 82% | 589.79 | 1.6 / 7k-60k I'm wondering if the PBR (Phrase-to-broad) value of #1 is too low. It seems like the best value because the SEOV is crazy high. That is like $70k a month. #3 has the highest PBR, but also the lowest SEOV. #2 doesn't seem worth it because of the PR competetion. Might be a little too hard to get into the top page of Google. I'm wondering which keywords to target, and if I should be looking at any other metric to see if this is a profitable niche to jump into. Thanks.

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  • Is there a LOGO interpreter that actually has a turtle?

    - by Tim Post
    This is not a repeat of the now infamous "How do I move the turtle in LOGO?" Recently, I had the following conversation with my five year old daughter: Daughter: Daddy, do you write programs? Me: Yes! Daughter: Daddy, what's a program? Me: A program is a set of instructions that a computer follows. Daughter: Daddy, can I write a program too? Me: Sure! This got me scrambling to think of a very basic language that a five year old could get some satisfaction from mastering rather quickly. I'm ashamed to admit that the first thing that came to mind was this: 10 INPUT "Tell me a secret" A$ 20 PRINT "Wow really? :" A$ 30 GOTO 10 That isn't going to hold a five year old's attention for very long and it requires too much of a lecture. However, moving a turtle around and drawing neat pictures might just work. Sadly, my search for a LOGO interpreter yielded noting but ad ridden sites, flight simulators and a whole bunch of other stuff that I really don't want. I'm hoping to find a cross platform (Java / Python) LOGO interpreter (dare I call it simulator?) with the following features: Can save / replay commands (stored programs) Has an actual turtle Sound effects are a plus Have you stumbled across something like this, if so, can you provide a link? I hate to ask a 'shopping' sort of question, but it seemed much better than "Is LOGO appropriate for a five year old?"

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  • PRNG test suite: bitstream and stream length

    - by Martin Trigaux
    On the NIST website, there is a tool called sts (Statistical Test Suite) that allow us to rest the validity of a pseudo-random number generator based on a stream of bits in input. When running the program, there is two variables I am not sure to understand : the stream length and number of bitstream. Is the stream length the size of the file ? The number of bit inside ? The size of a bitstream ? Are the bitstreams subset of the whole file ? Chosen how ? Let say I have a text file containing 1,000,000 bits in ascii. What should be my arguments ? You can find the user manual here if needed (I didn't find explanation about what are these variables in it). Thank you

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  • Is individual code ownership important?

    - by Jim Puls
    I'm in the midst of an argument with some coworkers over whether team ownership of the entire codebase is better than individual ownership of components of it. I'm a huge proponent of assigning every member of the team a roughly equal share of the codebase. It lets people take pride in their creation, gives the bug screeners an obvious first place to assign incoming tickets, and helps to alleviate "broken window syndrome". It also concentrates knowledge of specific functionality with one (or two) team members making bug fixes much easier. Most of all, it puts the final say on major decisions with one person who has a lot of input instead of with a committee. I'm not advocating for requiring permission if somebody else wants to change your code; maybe have the code review always be to the owner, sure. Nor am I suggesting building knowledge silos: there should be nothing exclusive about this ownership. But when suggesting this to my coworkers, I got a ton of pushback, certainly much more than I expected. So I ask the community: what are your opinions on working with a team on a large codebase? Is there something I'm missing about vigilantly maintaining collective ownership?

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  • Plesk Backup Best Practices?

    - by The MYYN
    My client utilizes Plesk (9.X) for Server Management. We're implementing a custom backup solution, which should include a complete restorable representation of the actual Plesk configuration (Emails, Domains, etc.). We have full access, since it is a dedicated server resembling these steps: Plesk offers some backups, but they do not include the actual content of the (sub-)domains. Browsing the docs and the internet, I haven't found much ideas on that problem. Our target is to have a disaster recovery scenario: Reinstall a clean OS (Ubuntu) from scratch. Install MySQL/PHP and dependencies (since this runs the app) Install a bare plesk Restore all domains + plesk configuration from an archive Continue operations ... Now steps 1, 2, 3 and 5 are trivial. But what are the best practices for step 4? A side questions: Are there any easy-to-use open source apps out there, to create and restore server-images (even on machines with an possible different hardware)? Thanks for your time and input.

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  • Logfiles filling with iptables logging

    - by Peter I
    OS: Debian 6 Server Version I have different logfiles which are filling up: user@server:/var/log$ ls -lahS | head total 427G -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 267G Nov 2 17:29 bandwidth -rw-r----- 1 root adm 44G Nov 2 17:29 kern.log -rw-r----- 1 root adm 27G Nov 2 17:29 debug -rw-r----- 1 root adm 23G Oct 27 06:33 kern.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 root adm 17G Nov 2 17:29 messages -rw-r----- 1 root adm 14G Oct 27 06:33 debug.1 -rw-r----- 1 root adm 12G Nov 2 17:29 syslog -rw-r----- 1 root adm 12G Nov 1 06:26 syslog.1 -rw-r----- 1 root adm 9.0G Oct 27 06:33 messages.1 So I looked up the file /etc/iptables.up.rules which had those lines in it: -A FORWARD -o eth0 -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix BANDWIDTH_OUT: -A FORWARD -i eth0 -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix BANDWIDTH_IN: -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix BANDWIDTH_OUT: -A INPUT -i eth0 -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix BANDWIDTH_IN: So deleting those lines will solve my problem. But how would I edit those lines without losing their functionality?

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  • What can be done against language inertia?

    - by gerrit
    Often, projects use programming language X, but would use programming language Y if they were started from scratch. For example, big numerical models may be written entirely in Fortran. Whereas this might be a reasonable choice for the components that need to run fast (alternative would be C or C++), it might be a poor choice for components that either do not need to run fast (such as things dealing with human input or simple visualisations), or where runtime is not the limiting factor (such as I/O, particularly when from the network). Another example may be when a project is built using a propriety language (such as Matlab; no, FOSS clones are not good enough) and was started at a time when FOSS alternatives were not viable, but ten years later, they are; and it would be beneficial to migrate. However, due to language inertia, a migration does not happen. Code that works should not be touched, porting code is a time-consuming, expensive process, and programmers are familiar in language X but not necessarily in language Y. Still, in the long term, a migration would likely be beneficial. Can anything be done to mitigate the problems associated with language inertia? Are there any notable examples of big projects that have successfully overcome this problem? Or is a project bound to stick forever with the initial choices?

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