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  • errors when using c++ bison ---- in the file position.hh

    - by Eric
    firstly I'm not good at English so forgive me. I compile my program with the bison generated files in visual studio and get these errors: ...\position.hh(83): error C2589: '(' : illegal token on right side of '::' ...\position.hh(83): error C2059: syntax error : '::' ...\position.hh(83): error C2589: '(' : illegal token on right side of '::' ...\position.hh(83): error C2059: syntax error : '::' and the corresponding code is: inline void columns (int count = 1) { column = std::max (1u, column + count); } I think the problem is with std::max. If I change std::max to equivalent code then there is problem anymore, but is there a better solution instead of changing the generated code? here is the *.yy file I wrote. // // bison.yy // %skeleton "lalr1.cc" %require "2.4.2" %defines %define parser_class_name "cmd_parser" %locations %debug %error-verbose %code requires { class ParserDriver; } %parse-param { ParserDriver& driver } %lex-param { ParserDriver& driver } %union { struct ast *a; double d; struct symbol *s; struct symlist *sl; int fn; } %code { #include "helper_func.h" #include "ParserDriver.h" std::string error_msg = ""; } %token <d> NUMBER %token <s> NAME %token <fn> FUNC %token EOL %token IF THEN ELSE WHILE DO LET %token SYM_TABLE_OVERFLOW %token UNKNOWN_CHARACTER %nonassoc <fn> CMP %right '=' %left '+' '-' %left '*' '/' %nonassoc '|' UMINUS %type <a> exp stmt list explist %type <sl> symlist %{ extern int yylex(yy::cmd_parser::semantic_type *yylval, yy::cmd_parser::location_type* yylloc); %} %start calclist %% ... grammar rules ...

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  • Advice on coding Perl to work like PHP

    - by user272273
    I am first and foremost a perl coder, but like many, also code in PHP for client work, especially web apps. I am finding that I am duplicating a lot of my projects in the two languages, but using different paradigms (e.g. for handling cgi input and session data) or functions. What I would like to do is start to code my Perl in a way which is structured more like PHP, so that I a) am keeping one paradigm in my head b) can more quickly port over scripts from one to the other Specifically, I am asking if people could advise how you might do the following in perl? 1) Reproduce the functionality of $_SESSION, $_GET etc. e.g. by wrapping up the param() method of CGI.pm, a session library? 2) Templating library that is similar to PHP I am used to mixing my code and HTML in the PHP convention. e.g. i <h1>HTML Code here</h1> <? print "Hello World\b"; ?> Can anybody advise on which perl templating engine (and possibly configuration) will allow me to code similarly? 3) PHP function library Anybody know of a library for perl which reproduces a lot of the php inbuilt functions?

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  • Getting Safari document title/location with Scripting Bridge does not work in full-screen mode

    - by Mark
    I'm trying to get the URL and document title from the topmost Safari document/tab. I have an AppleScript and an objective-c version using Apple's Scripting Bridge framework. Both versions work fine for most web pages, however when I open a Youtube video in full-screen mode, the Scripting Bridge based version fails. The Apple Script works fine for "normal" and full-screen Safari windows. Can anyone see what is wrong with the Scripting Bridge code below to cause it to fail for full-screen Safari windows? Here the code (I omitted error checking for brevity): AppleScript: tell application "Safari" # Give us some time to open video in full-screen mode delay 10 do JavaScript "document.title" in document 0 end tell Scripting Bridge: SafariApplication* safari = [SBApplication applicationWithBundleIdentifier:@"com.apple.Safari"]; SBElementArray* windows = [safari windows]; SafariTab* currentTab = [[windows objectAtIndex: 0] currentTab]; // This fails when in full-screen mode: id result = [safari doJavaScript: @"document.title" in: currentTab]; NSLog(@"title: %@", result); Scripting Bridge error (with added line breaks): Apple event returned an error. Event = 'sfri'\'dojs'{ '----':'utxt'("document.title"), 'dcnm':'obj '{ 'want':'prop', 'from':'obj '{ 'want':'cwin', 'from':'null'(), 'form':'indx', 'seld':1 }, 'form':'prop', 'seld':'cTab' } } Error info = { ErrorNumber = -1728; ErrorOffendingObject = <SBObject @0x175c2de0: currentTab of SafariWindow 0 of application "Safari" (238)>; } I could not find details about the given error code. It complains about 'currentTab' which shows that the JavaScript event at least made it all the way to Safari. I assume that the current tab receives the event, but refuses to run the JS code, because it is in full-screen mode. However, why does this work for an AppleScript? Don't they use the same code path eventually? Any suggestions are greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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  • How to compile scheme into native binary files ?

    - by Joe
    I am very new to scheme. And now I am trying to compile some scheme code into binary file which will be loaded faster into interpreter. (The interpreter is a hybrid interpreter)Some one told me that I can compile the code into native binary file and then load it into interperter. And my question is: 1. What is the native binary file? 2. How can I compile the scheme code into a native binary file? 3. How can I load native bianry file into scheme interpreter? Thanks in advance. Joe Suggested that I want to compile below code into native binary file: (define test (lambda() (display "this is a test")) And then load the bianry file into interpreter and call the function "test".

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  • Step-by-step execution for Intel AT&T assembler?

    - by Søren Haagerup
    Hello everyone, I'm writing a compiler that converts source code (written in a small imperative programming language) to Intel AT&T 32-bit assembler. I tend to spend a lot of time debugging, because of nasty offset-mistakes etc. in the generated code, and I would like to know if anyone knows of a tool to "walk through" the generated assembler code step-by-step, visualizing what's on the stack etc. I use Ubuntu Linux as my development platform, and I'm comfortable with the terminal -- a GUI-program would be nice though. Does it exist? Or is there a good reason it doesn't (maybe the problem isn't so straightforward..?) If you have good ideas for approaching debugging tasks in assembly code, I'll be glad to hear from you!

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  • A queue in C using structs and dynamic memory allocation (linked list)

    - by Martin Pugh
    I am tasked with making a queue data structure in C, as a linked list. Our lecturer gave us a large amount of code to implement a stack, but we have to adapt it to create a queue. The code our lecturer gave us ends up not compiling and segfaulting at the exact same point as the code I wrote for the queue. I'm very new to structs, malloc and C in general, so there could be something painfully obvious I've overlooked. Here is the code I am using: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> struct node{ int data; //contains the actual data struct node *prev; //pointer to previous node (Closer to front) struct node *next; //pointer to next node (Closer to back) }; typedef struct node *Nodepointer; struct queue{ Nodepointer front; Nodepointer back; }; typedef struct queue *Queuepointer; main(){ Queuepointer myqueue; //create a queue called myqueue init(myqueue); //initialise the queue Nodepointer new = (Nodepointer)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); myqueue->front = new; } int init(Queuepointer q){ q = (Queuepointer)malloc(sizeof(struct queue)); q->front = NULL; q->back = NULL; } The idea is that the queue struct 'contains' the first and last nodes in a queue, and when a node is created, myqueue is updated. However, I cannot even get to that part (pop and push are written but omitted for brevity). The code is segfaulting at the line myqueue->front = new; with the following gdb output: Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 0x08048401 in main () at queue.c:27 27 myqueue->front = new; Any idea what I'm doing wrong?

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  • How long does it take to iterate through a long loop?

    - by Carl Rosenberger
    On a modern 64-Bit machine, how long do you think it takes to iterate through all the positive long numbers? Below is a code snippet in Java to demonstrate the idea. Without running the code yourself, how long do you think this code is going to run? How long will similar code run in other programming languages? public class LongLoop { public static void main(String[] args) { long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); for (long i = 0; i < Long.MAX_VALUE; i++) { // do nothing, just loop } long stopTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long duration = stopTime - startTime; System.out.println("Time taken: " + duration + " milliseconds"); } }

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  • Android "gen" folder and SVN - bitter enemies.

    - by Benju
    It seems that I accidentally checked in my "gen" folder from an Android project (this folder contains the R.java generated class). When I realized I did this I deleted it from SVN and tried to ignore it. Now I am now getting the error... "Could not add gen to the ignore list! Working copy 'C:\code\guru' locked. When I try to run a cleanup command I get this... Cleanup failed to process the following paths: -C:\code\guru 'C:\code\guru\gen' is not a working copy directory. When I try to run a resolve I get this... Working copy 'C:\code\guru' locked Please execute the 'Cleanup' command. We are currently on SVN 1.6 on the server.

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  • Scala Interpreter scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain Memory leak

    - by Peter
    I need to write a program using the scala interpreter to run scala code on the fly. The interpreter must be able to run an infinite amount of code without being restarted. I know that each time the method interpret() of the class scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain is called, the request is stored, so the memory usage will keep going up forever. Here is the idea of what I would like to do: var interpreter = new IMain while (true) { interpreter.interpret(some code to be run on the fly) } If the method interpret() stores the request each time, is there a way to clear the buffer of stored requests? What I am trying to do now is to count the number of times the method interpret() is called then get a new instance of IMain when the number of times reaches 100, for instance. Here is my code: var interpreter = new IMain var counter = 0 while (true) { interpreter.interpret(some code to be run on the fly) counter = counter + 1 if (counter > 100) { interpreter = new IMain counter = 0 } } However, I still see that the memory usage is going up forever. It seems that the IMain instances are not garbage-collected by the JVM. Could somebody help me solve this issue? I really need to be able to keep my program running for a long time without restarting, but I cannot afford such a memory usage just for the scala interpreter. Thanks in advance, Pet

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  • Running a shellscript from a C++ application and check if it succeeds

    - by Koning Baard
    I am creating an interpreter for my extension to HQ9+, which has the following extra command called V: V: Interpretes the code as Lua, Brainfuck, INTERCAL, Ruby, ShellScript, Perl, Python, PHP in that order, and if even one error has occoured, run the HQ9+-ABC code again most of them have libraries, BF and INTERCAL can be interpreted without a library, but the problem lies in ShellScript. How can I run a shellscript from my C++ application ( =the HQ9+-ABC interpreter) and when it's done, get the error code (0 = succeded, all others = failed)? So something like this: system(".tempshellscript738319939474"); if(errcode != 0) { (rerun code); } can anyone help me? Thanks

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  • Syntax highlighting with Chili

    - by Nimbuz
    I want to use jquery Chili plugin for syntax highlighting a piece of code thats generated on the fly, but its not working for the same, because the code is inserted into the #output div on page load. When I tried chili with static examples, it worked but not on the dynamically generated code. Is there any workaround? Thanks in advance for your help!

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  • Deadlock sample in C#.net

    - by DotNetBeginner
    Can anybody give a simple Deadlock sample code in c#.net ? And please tell the simplest way to find deadlock in your C#.net code sample.(May be the tool which will detect the dead lock in the given sample code.) NOTE: I have VS 2008

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  • How can I stub out a call to super in a imported Java class in JRuby for testing

    - by Doug Chew
    I am testing Java classes with RSpec and JRuby. How can I stub out a call to super in an imported Java class in my RSpec test? For example: I have 2 Java classes: public class A{ public String foo() { return "bar"; } } public class B extends A public String foo() { // B code return super.foo(); } } I am just trying to test the code in B.foo and not the code in A.foo with JRuby. How can I stub out the call to the super class method in my RSpec test? rspec test: java_import Java::B describe B do it "should not call A.foo" do # some code to stub out A.foo b = B.new b.foo.should_not == "bar" end end I have tried including a module with a new foo method in B's class hoping that it would hit the module method first but B still makes a call to A. The inserting module technique works in Ruby but not with JRuby and imported Java classes. Any other ideas to stub out the superclass method to get my RSpec test to pass?

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  • Strange behavior using getchar() and -O3

    - by Eduardo
    I have these two functions void set_dram_channel_width(int channel_width){ printf("one\n"); getchar(); } void set_dram_transaction_granularity(int cacheline_size){ printf("two\n"); getchar(); } //output: one f //my keyboard input two one f //keyboard input two one f //keyboard input //No more calls Then I change the functions to: void set_dram_channel_width(int channel_width){ printf("one\n"); } void set_dram_transaction_granularity(int cacheline_size){ printf("two\n"); getchar(); } //output one two f //keyboard input //No more calls Both functions are called by an external code, the code for both programs is the same, just changing the getchar() I get those two different outputs. Is this possible or there is something that is really wrong in my code? Thanks This is the output I get with GDB** For the first code (gdb) break mem-dram.c:374 Breakpoint 1 at 0x71c810: file build/ALPHA_FS/mem/dramsim/mem-dram.c, line 374. (gdb) break mem-dram.c:381 Breakpoint 2 at 0x71c7b0: file build/ALPHA_FS/mem/dramsim/mem-dram.c, line 381. (gdb) run -d ./tmp/MyBench2/ one f [Switching to Thread 47368811512112 (LWP 17507)] Breakpoint 1, set_dram_channel_width (channel_width=64) (gdb) c Continuing. two one f Breakpoint 2, set_dram_transaction_granularity (cacheline_size=64) (gdb) c Continuing. Breakpoint 1, set_dram_channel_width (channel_width=8) 374 void set_dram_channel_width(int channel_width){ (gdb) c Continuing. two one f For the second code (gdb) break mem-dram.c:374 Breakpoint 1 at 0x71c7b6: file build/ALPHA_FS/mem/dramsim/mem-dram.c, line 374. (gdb) break mem-dram.c:380 Breakpoint 2 at 0x71c7f0: file build/ALPHA_FS/mem/dramsim/mem-dram.c, line 380. (gdb) run one two f [Switching to Thread 46985688772912 (LWP 17801)] Breakpoint 1, set_dram_channel_width (channel_width=64) (gdb) c Continuing. Breakpoint 2, set_dram_transaction_granularity (cacheline_size=64) (gdb) c Continuing. Breakpoint 1, set_dram_channel_width (channel_width=8) (gdb) c Continuing.

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  • Data Binding to an object in C#

    - by Allen
    Objective-c/cocoa offers a form of binding where a control's properties (ie text in a textbox) can be bound to the property of an object. I am trying to duplicate this functionality in C# w/ .Net 3.5. I have created the following very simple class in the file MyClass.cs: class MyClass { private string myName; public string MyName { get { return myName; } set { myName = value; } } public MyClass() { myName = "Allen"; } } I also created a simple form with 1 textbox and 1 button. I init'd one instance of Myclass inside the form code and built the project. Using the DataSource Wizard in Vs2008, i selected to create a data source based on object, and selected the MyClass assembly. This created a datasource entity. I changed the databinding of the textbox to this datasource; however, the expected result (that the textbox's contents would be "allen") was not achieved. Further, putting text into the textbox is not updating the name property of the object. I know i'm missing something fundamental here. At some point i should have to tie my instance of the MyClass class that i initialized inside the form code to the textbox, but that hasn't occurred. Everything i've looked at online seems to gloss over using DataBinding with an object (or i'm missing the mark entirely), so any help is great appreciated. ----Edit--- Utilizing what i learned by the answers, i looked at the code generated by Visual Studio, it had the following: this.myClassBindingSource.DataSource = typeof(BindingTest.MyClass); if i comment that out and substitute : this.myClassBindingSource.DataSource = new MyClass(); i get the expected behavior. Why is the default code generated by VS like it is? Assuming this is more correct than the method that works, how should i modify my code to work within the bounds of what VS generated?

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  • Javascript obfustication help

    - by Victor
    I need some help to understand how this code was obfusticated. The code is: <a id="suggest" href="#" ajaxify="/ajax/social_graph/invite_dialog.php?class=FanManager&amp;node_id=108463912505356" class=" profile_action actionspro_a" rel="dialog-post">Suggest to Friends</a> And the obfustication is: \x3c\x61\x20\x69\x64\x3d\x22\x73\x75\x67\x67\x65\x73\x74\x22\x20\x68\x72\x65\x66\x3d\x22\x23\x22\x20\x61\x6a\x61\x78\x69\x66\x79\x3d\x22\x2f\x61\x6a\x61\x78\x2f\x73\x6f\x63\x69\x61\x6c\x5f\x67\x72\x61\x70\x68\x2f\x69\x6e\x76\x69\x74\x65\x5f\x64\x69\x61\x6c\x6f\x67\x2e\x70\x68\x70\x3f\x63\x6c\x61\x73\x73\x3d\x46\x61\x6e\x4d\x61\x6e\x61\x67\x65\x72\x26\x61\x6d\x70\x3b\x6e\x6f\x64\x65\x5f\x69\x64\x3d\x31\x30\x38\x34\x36\x33\x39\x31\x32\x35\x30\x35\x33\x35\x36\x22\x20\x63\x6c\x61\x73\x73\x3d\x22\x20\x70\x72\x6f\x66\x69\x6c\x65\x5f\x61\x63\x74\x69\x6f\x6e\x20\x61\x63\x74\x69\x6f\x6e\x73\x70\x72\x6f\x5f\x61\x22\x20\x72\x65\x6c\x3d\x22\x64\x69\x61\x6c\x6f\x67\x2d\x70\x6f\x73\x74\x22\x3e\x53\x75\x67\x67\x65\x73\x74\x20\x74\x6f\x20\x46\x72\x69\x65\x6e\x64\x73\x3c\x2f\x61\x3e","\x73\x75\x67\x67\x65\x73\x74 Now I used unescape on the above obfusticated code to read it. What I want to know is what exactly was used to obfusticate the code like that? Basically, I need to customize the readable code to the same obfustication. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Access to Apache::DBI from DBI

    - by hpavc
    Is it possible to access a Apache::DBI database handle from a perl script (that isn't running under mod_perl). What I am looking for is database pooling for my perl scripts, I have a fair number of database sources (oracle/mysql) and a growing number of scripts. Some ideas like SQLRelay, using Oracle10XE with database links and pooling, and or convert all scripts to SOAP calls, etc are becoming more and more viable. But if there was a mechanism for reusing Apache::DBI I could fight this a bit. I have no non-perl requirements, so we don't have a php/jdbc implementation or similar to deal with. Thanks

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  • how to write re-usable views in django?

    - by rz
    These are the techniques that I use regularly to make my views reusable: take the template_name as an argument with a default take an optional extra_context which defaults to empty {} right before the template is rendered the context is updated with the extra_context for further re-usability, call any callable in extra_context.values() whenever the view deals with a queryset, there is a queryset argument with a default whenever the view needs a particular object from the ORM, it attempts to fetch it using any "id" parameter in several ways (e.g. as a slug, as a database id) (this may be a bad practice...) First, Should I add anything to my list? Should I remove anything from my list? The items accommodates a large number of cases. However, whenever an app extends a model of another in some way (e.g. adding a field or changing the behavior in some way) I end up writing my own views and only reusing the model. Is this normal?

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  • Deadlock sample in .net?

    - by DotNetBeginner
    Can anybody give a simple Deadlock sample code in c# ? And please tell the simplest way to find deadlock in your C# code sample. (May be the tool which will detect the dead lock in the given sample code.) NOTE: I have VS 2008

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  • How to create markers on a google local search api?

    - by cheesebunz
    As the question says, i do not want to use it from the API, and instead combine it on my code, but i can't seem to implement it with the code i have now. the markers do not come out and the search completely disappears if i try implementing with the code. This is a section of my codings : http://www.mediafire.com/?0minqxgwzmx

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  • Intellij Idea 13.x and ASM 5.x library incompatible?

    - by Jarrod Roberson
    I can't get Intellij Idea 13.0 to compile my code against ASM 5.0.3 I have a multi-module Maven project. It compiles and installs successfully. Apparently com.google.findbugs:findbugs has a dependency on asm:asm:3.3 and I want to use org.ow2.asm:asm:5.0.3 to manipulate some bytecode. So in the parent pom.xml I exclude the asm:asm:3.3 dependencies from the classpath. This works fine when I run mvn install from the command line. I can't get the Build - Make Project menu selection to work in Intellij Idea. Here is the relevant parts of my pom.xml files. parent.pom <dependency> <groupId>org.ow2.asm</groupId> <artifactId>asm</artifactId> <version>5.0.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.ow2.asm</groupId> <artifactId>asm-tree</artifactId> <version>5.0.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.ow2.asm</groupId> <artifactId>asm-util</artifactId> <version>5.0.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.ow2.asm</groupId> <artifactId>asm-commons</artifactId> <version>5.0.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.code.findbugs</groupId> <artifactId>findbugs</artifactId> <version>2.0.3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>asm</groupId> <artifactId>asm</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>asm</groupId> <artifactId>asm-commons</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>asm</groupId> <artifactId>asm-tree</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> Here is the code that is failing 18 public static void main(final String[] args) throws IOException 19 { 20 final InputStream is = NotEmptyTest.class.getResourceAsStream("/com/vertigrated/annotation/NotEmptyTest.class"); 21 final ClassReader cr = new ClassReader(is); 22 final ClassNode cn = new ClassNode(); 23 cr.accept(cn, 0); 24 for (final MethodNode mn : cn.methods) 25 { 26 - 38 snipped for brevity 39 } 40 } 41 } Here is the error message: Information:Using javac 1.7.0_25 to compile java sources Information:java: Errors occurred while compiling module 'tests' Information:Compilation completed with 1 error and 2 warnings in 2 sec Information:1 error Information:2 warnings /<path to my source code>/NotEmptyTest.java Error:Error:line (24)java: incompatible types required: org.objectweb.asm.tree.MethodNode found: java.lang.Object Warning:Warning:java: /<path to my project>//NotEmptyTest.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations. Warning:Warning:java: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details. As you can see in the screen capture, it reports the correct version of the libraries in the Javadoc but the AutoComplete shows the old 3.3 non-typesafe return value of List instead of List<MethodNode>: Here is what Maven knows, which is correct: [INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:list (default-cli) @ tests --- [INFO] [INFO] The following files have been resolved: [INFO] com.google.code.findbugs:bcel:jar:2.0.1:compile [INFO] junit:junit:jar:4.11:test [INFO] xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2:compile [INFO] com.apple:AppleJavaExtensions:jar:1.4:compile [INFO] javax.inject:javax.inject:jar:1:compile [INFO] jaxen:jaxen:jar:1.1.6:compile [INFO] org.ow2.asm:asm-util:jar:5.0.3:compile [INFO] com.google.inject:guice:jar:3.0:compile [INFO] dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile [INFO] com.google.code.findbugs:jFormatString:jar:2.0.1:compile [INFO] net.jcip:jcip-annotations:jar:1.0:compile [INFO] org.ow2.asm:asm-tree:jar:5.0.3:compile [INFO] commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.6:compile [INFO] com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:2.0.1:compile [INFO] org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test [INFO] aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile [INFO] com.google.code.findbugs:findbugs:jar:2.0.3:compile [INFO] org.ow2.asm:asm-commons:jar:5.0.3:compile [INFO] org.ow2.asm:asm:jar:5.0.3:compile How do I get Intellij Idea to use the correct dependency internally?

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  • Marshalling to a native library in C#

    - by Daniel Baulig
    I'm having trouble calling functions of a native library from within managed C# code. I am developing for the 3.5 compact framework (Windows Mobile 6.x) just in case this would make any difference. I am working with the waveIn* functions from coredll.dll (these are in winmm.dll in regular Windows I believe). This is what I came up with: // namespace winmm; class winmm [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct WAVEFORMAT { public ushort wFormatTag; public ushort nChannels; public uint nSamplesPerSec; public uint nAvgBytesPerSec; public ushort nBlockAlign; public ushort wBitsPerSample; public ushort cbSize; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct WAVEHDR { public IntPtr lpData; public uint dwBufferLength; public uint dwBytesRecorded; public IntPtr dwUser; public uint dwFlags; public uint dwLoops; public IntPtr lpNext; public IntPtr reserved; } public delegate void AudioRecordingDelegate(IntPtr deviceHandle, uint message, IntPtr instance, ref WAVEHDR wavehdr, IntPtr reserved2); [DllImport("coredll.dll")] public static extern int waveInAddBuffer(IntPtr hWaveIn, ref WAVEHDR lpWaveHdr, uint cWaveHdrSize); [DllImport("coredll.dll")] public static extern int waveInPrepareHeader(IntPtr hWaveIn, ref WAVEHDR lpWaveHdr, uint Size); [DllImport("coredll.dll")] public static extern int waveInStart(IntPtr hWaveIn); // some other class private WinMM.WinMM.AudioRecordingDelegate waveIn; private IntPtr handle; private uint bufferLength; private void setupBuffer() { byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLength]; GCHandle bufferPin = GCHandle.Alloc(buffer, GCHandleType.Pinned); WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR hdr = new WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR(); hdr.lpData = bufferPin.AddrOfPinnedObject(); hdr.dwBufferLength = this.bufferLength; hdr.dwFlags = 0; int i = WinMM.WinMM.waveInPrepareHeader(this.handle, ref hdr, Convert.ToUInt32(Marshal.SizeOf(hdr))); if (i != WinMM.WinMM.MMSYSERR_NOERROR) { this.Text = "Error: waveInPrepare"; return; } i = WinMM.WinMM.waveInAddBuffer(this.handle, ref hdr, Convert.ToUInt32(Marshal.SizeOf(hdr))); if (i != WinMM.WinMM.MMSYSERR_NOERROR) { this.Text = "Error: waveInAddrBuffer"; return; } } private void setupWaveIn() { WinMM.WinMM.WAVEFORMAT format = new WinMM.WinMM.WAVEFORMAT(); format.wFormatTag = WinMM.WinMM.WAVE_FORMAT_PCM; format.nChannels = 1; format.nSamplesPerSec = 8000; format.wBitsPerSample = 8; format.nBlockAlign = Convert.ToUInt16(format.nChannels * format.wBitsPerSample); format.nAvgBytesPerSec = format.nSamplesPerSec * format.nBlockAlign; this.bufferLength = format.nAvgBytesPerSec; format.cbSize = 0; int i = WinMM.WinMM.waveInOpen(out this.handle, WinMM.WinMM.WAVE_MAPPER, ref format, Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(waveIn), 0, WinMM.WinMM.CALLBACK_FUNCTION); if (i != WinMM.WinMM.MMSYSERR_NOERROR) { this.Text = "Error: waveInOpen"; return; } setupBuffer(); WinMM.WinMM.waveInStart(this.handle); } I read alot about marshalling the last few days, nevertheless I do not get this code working. When my callback function is called (waveIn) when the buffer is full, the hdr structure passed back in wavehdr is obviously corrupted. Here is an examlpe of how the structure looks like at that point: - wavehdr {WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR} WinMM.WinMM.WAVEHDR dwBufferLength 0x19904c00 uint dwBytesRecorded 0x0000fa00 uint dwFlags 0x00000003 uint dwLoops 0x1990f6a4 uint + dwUser 0x00000000 System.IntPtr + lpData 0x00000000 System.IntPtr + lpNext 0x00000000 System.IntPtr + reserved 0x7c07c9a0 System.IntPtr This obiously is not what I expected to get passed. I am clearly concerned about the order of the fields in the view. I do not know if Visual Studio .NET cares about actual memory order when displaying the record in the "local"-view, but they are obviously not displayed in the order I speciefied in the struct. Then theres no data pointer and the bufferLength field is far to high. Interestingly the bytesRecorded field is exactly 64000 - bufferLength and bytesRecorded I'd expect both to be 64000 though. I do not know what exactly is going wrong, maybe someone can help me out on this. I'm an absolute noob to managed code programming and marshalling so please don't be too harsh to me for all the stupid things I've propably done. Oh here's the C code definition for WAVEHDR which I found here, I believe I might have done something wrong in the C# struct definition: /* wave data block header */ typedef struct wavehdr_tag { LPSTR lpData; /* pointer to locked data buffer */ DWORD dwBufferLength; /* length of data buffer */ DWORD dwBytesRecorded; /* used for input only */ DWORD_PTR dwUser; /* for client's use */ DWORD dwFlags; /* assorted flags (see defines) */ DWORD dwLoops; /* loop control counter */ struct wavehdr_tag FAR *lpNext; /* reserved for driver */ DWORD_PTR reserved; /* reserved for driver */ } WAVEHDR, *PWAVEHDR, NEAR *NPWAVEHDR, FAR *LPWAVEHDR; If you are used to work with all those low level tools like pointer-arithmetic, casts, etc starting writing managed code is a pain in the ass. It's like trying to learn how to swim with your hands tied on your back. Some things I tried (to no effect): .NET compact framework does not seem to support the Pack = 2^x directive in [StructLayout]. I tried [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)] and used 4 bytes and 8 bytes alignment. 4 bytes alignmentgave me the same result as the above code and 8 bytes alignment only made things worse - but that's what I expected. Interestingly if I move the code from setupBuffer into the setupWaveIn and do not declare the GCHandle in the context of the class but in a local context of setupWaveIn the struct returned by the callback function does not seem to be corrupted. I am not sure however why this is the case and how I can use this knowledge to fix my code. I'd really appreciate any good links on marshalling, calling unmanaged code from C#, etc. Then I'd be very happy if someone could point out my mistakes. What am I doing wrong? Why do I not get what I'd expect.

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  • Can I use an NSDecimalNumber anywhere that an NSNumber is expected?

    - by Nick Forge
    NSDecimalNumber is a subclass of NSNumber, and from what I can tell, it implements all of the NSNumber methods as expected for an NSNumber instance. Given that, is it ok to give NSDecimalNumbers to any code that is expecting an NSNumber? The only possible issue might be code that checks that an argument is an instance of NSNumber, but since NSNumber is a class-cluster, code like this would have to check that the instance is a subclass of NSNumber, and NSDecimalNumber instances should pass the same tests.

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