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  • Why do my pyramids fade black and then back to colour again

    - by geminiCoder
    I have the following vertecies and norms GLfloat verts[36] = { -0.5, 0, 0.5, 0, 0, -0.5, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 0, 0, -0.5, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 0, 1, 0, -0.5, 0, 0.5, 0, 0, -0.5, 0, 1, 0, 0.5, 0, 0.5, -0.5, 0, 0.5, 0, 1, 0 }; GLfloat norms[36] = { 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, -1, 0.25, 0.5, -1, 0.25, 0.5, -1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 0.25, -0.5, 1, 0.25, -0.5, 1, 0.25, -0.5, 0, -0.5, -1, 0, -0.5, -1, 0, -0.5, -1 }; I am writing my fists Open GL game, But I need to know for sure if my Normals are correct as the colours aren't rendering correctly. my Pyramids are coloured then fade to black every half rotation then back again. My app so far is based on the boiler plate code provided by apple. heres my modified setUp Method [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:self.context]; [self loadShaders]; self.effect = [[GLKBaseEffect alloc] init]; self.effect.light0.enabled = GL_TRUE; self.effect.light0.diffuseColor = GLKVector4Make(1.0f, 0.4f, 0.4f, 1.0f); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glGenVertexArraysOES(1, &_vertexArray); //create vertex array glBindVertexArrayOES(_vertexArray); glGenBuffers(1, &_vertexBuffer); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, _vertexBuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(verts) + sizeof(norms), NULL, GL_STATIC_DRAW); //create vertex buffer big enough for both verts and norms and pass NULL as data.. uint8_t *ptr = (uint8_t *)glMapBufferOES(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, GL_WRITE_ONLY_OES); //map buffer to pass data to it memcpy(ptr, verts, sizeof(verts)); //copy verts memcpy(ptr+sizeof(verts), norms, sizeof(norms)); //copy norms to position after verts glUnmapBufferOES(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER); glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribPosition); glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribPosition, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, BUFFER_OFFSET(0)); //tell GL where verts are in buffer glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribNormal); glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribNormal, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, BUFFER_OFFSET(sizeof(verts))); //tell GL where norms are in buffer glBindVertexArrayOES(0); And the update method. - (void)update { float aspect = fabsf(self.view.bounds.size.width / self.view.bounds.size.height); GLKMatrix4 projectionMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakePerspective(GLKMathDegreesToRadians(65.0f), aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f); self.effect.transform.projectionMatrix = projectionMatrix; GLKMatrix4 baseModelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, -4.0f); baseModelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Rotate(baseModelViewMatrix, _rotation, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Compute the model view matrix for the object rendered with GLKit GLKMatrix4 modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.5f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Rotate(modelViewMatrix, _rotation, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(baseModelViewMatrix, modelViewMatrix); self.effect.transform.modelviewMatrix = modelViewMatrix; // Compute the model view matrix for the object rendered with ES2 modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeTranslation(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.5f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Rotate(modelViewMatrix, _rotation, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); modelViewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(baseModelViewMatrix, modelViewMatrix); _normalMatrix = GLKMatrix3InvertAndTranspose(GLKMatrix4GetMatrix3(modelViewMatrix), NULL); _modelViewProjectionMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(projectionMatrix, modelViewMatrix); _rotation += self.timeSinceLastUpdate * 0.5f; } But providing I understand this correct one pyramid is using the GLKit base effect shaders and the other the shaders which are included in the project. So for both of them to have the same error, I thought it would be the Norms?

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  • How can I link to callback functions in Lua such that the callbacks will be updated when the scripts are reloaded?

    - by Raptormeat
    I'm implementing Lua scripting in my game using LuaBind, and one of the things I'm not clear on is the logistics of reloading the scripts live ingame. Currently, using the LuaBind C++ class luabind::object, I save references to Lua callbacks directly in the classes that use them. Then I can use luabind::call_function using that object in order to call the Lua code from the C++ code. I haven't tested this yet, but my assumption is that if I reload the scripts, then all the functions will be redefined, BUT the references to the OLD functions will still exist in the form of the luabind::object held by the C++ code. I would like to be able to swap out the old for the new without manually having to manage this for every script hook in the game. How best to change this so the process works? My first thought is to not save a reference to the function directly, but maybe save the function name instead, and grab the function by name every time we want to call it. I'm looking for better ideas!

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  • Why do I get an exception when playing multiple sound instances?

    - by Boreal
    Right now, I'm adding a rudimentary sound engine to my game. So far, I am able to load in a WAV file and play it once, then free up the memory when I close the game. However, the game crashes with a nice ArgumentOutOfBoundsException when I try to play another sound instance. Specified argument was out of the range of valid values. Parameter name: readLength I'm following this tutorial pretty much exactly, but I still keep getting the aforementioned error. Here's my sound-related code. /// <summary> /// Manages all sound instances. /// </summary> public static class Audio { static XAudio2 device; static MasteringVoice master; static List<SoundInstance> instances; /// <summary> /// The XAudio2 device. /// </summary> internal static XAudio2 Device { get { return device; } } /// <summary> /// Initializes the audio device and master track. /// </summary> internal static void Initialize() { device = new XAudio2(); master = new MasteringVoice(device); instances = new List<SoundInstance>(); } /// <summary> /// Releases all XA2 resources. /// </summary> internal static void Shutdown() { foreach(SoundInstance i in instances) i.Dispose(); master.Dispose(); device.Dispose(); } /// <summary> /// Registers a sound instance with the system. /// </summary> /// <param name="instance">Sound instance</param> internal static void AddInstance(SoundInstance instance) { instances.Add(instance); } /// <summary> /// Disposes any sound instance that has stopped playing. /// </summary> internal static void Update() { List<SoundInstance> temp = new List<SoundInstance>(instances); foreach(SoundInstance i in temp) if(!i.Playing) { i.Dispose(); instances.Remove(i); } } } /// <summary> /// Loads sounds from various files. /// </summary> internal class SoundLoader { /// <summary> /// Loads a .wav sound file. /// </summary> /// <param name="format">The decoded format will be sent here</param> /// <param name="buffer">The data will be sent here</param> /// <param name="soundName">The path to the WAV file</param> internal static void LoadWAV(out WaveFormat format, out AudioBuffer buffer, string soundName) { WaveStream wave = new WaveStream(soundName); format = wave.Format; buffer = new AudioBuffer(); buffer.AudioData = wave; buffer.AudioBytes = (int)wave.Length; buffer.Flags = BufferFlags.EndOfStream; } } /// <summary> /// Manages the data for a single sound. /// </summary> public class Sound : IAsset { WaveFormat format; AudioBuffer buffer; /// <summary> /// Loads a sound from a file. /// </summary> /// <param name="soundName">The path to the sound file</param> /// <returns>Whether the sound loaded successfully</returns> public bool Load(string soundName) { if(soundName.EndsWith(".wav")) SoundLoader.LoadWAV(out format, out buffer, soundName); else return false; return true; } /// <summary> /// Plays the sound. /// </summary> public void Play() { Audio.AddInstance(new SoundInstance(format, buffer)); } /// <summary> /// Unloads the sound from memory. /// </summary> public void Unload() { buffer.Dispose(); } } /// <summary> /// Manages a single sound instance. /// </summary> public class SoundInstance { SourceVoice source; bool playing; /// <summary> /// Whether the sound is currently playing. /// </summary> public bool Playing { get { return playing; } } /// <summary> /// Starts a new instance of a sound. /// </summary> /// <param name="format">Format of the sound</param> /// <param name="buffer">Buffer holding sound data</param> internal SoundInstance(WaveFormat format, AudioBuffer buffer) { source = new SourceVoice(Audio.Device, format); source.BufferEnd += (s, e) => playing = false; source.Start(); source.SubmitSourceBuffer(buffer); // THIS IS WHERE THE EXCEPTION IS THROWN playing = true; } /// <summary> /// Releases memory used by the instance. /// </summary> internal void Dispose() { source.Dispose(); } } The exception occurs on line 156 when I am playing the sound: source.SubmitSourceBuffer(buffer);

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  • Programming bots in games

    - by Bane
    I'm interested in how bots are usually written. Here's my situation: I plan to make an online 2D mecha game in HTML5, and the server-side will be done with node. It is intended to be multiplayer, but I also want to make bots in case there aren't enough players. How does my game logic see them, as players or as bots? Is there a standard by which I should make them? Also, any general tips and hints will be OK.

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  • Possible to draw a select portion of a render target? (in XNA)

    - by TheBroodian
    I'm going to try to do this in reverse fashion and skip straight to the punch line, and then give the back story afterward: Is it possible to, after drawing a scene to a RenderTarget2D, only draw a select portion of the RenderTarget2D, if I don't want the entire thing? I'm using xTile to manage world data in my game (it's a great piece of work, colinvella [xTile's author] has made an amazing product), and for the most part it works great. xTile supports parallax effects in its layers to add some wonderful depth to 2d scenes, which was great, until I implemented a dynamic split-screen system into my game. Wanted to make a co-op game that wouldn't require players to be in close proximity to each other, so I made it so that if the players separate too far apart, the singular full-screen viewport 'snaps-apart', and is replaced by two split-screen viewports, which then smoothly transition to their respective player targets. The effect is pretty smooth aside from the part where the parallax backgrounds become skewed once the viewports split, because xTile's ratio for handling parallax effects is dependent upon viewport size. This is unfortunate, because the effect would otherwise be really snazzy, but the backgrounds become pretty heavily affected when the game goes from single-viewport to multi-viewport. So, Colinvella suggests using rendertargets to record the scene at full viewport size, and then only drawing a portion of it. But as far as I can tell, that isn't even possible? That being said, I've never even used render targets before, so I'm still learning, hence the question here.

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  • Optimizing drawing of cubes

    - by Christian Frantz
    After googling for hours I've come to a few conclusions, I need to either rewrite my whole cube class, or figure out how to use hardware instancing. I can draw up to 2500 cubes with little lag, but after that my fps drops. Is there a way I can use my class for hardware instancing? Or would I be better off rewriting my class for optimization? public class Cube { public GraphicsDevice device; public VertexBuffer cubeVertexBuffer; public Cube(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) { device = graphicsDevice; var vertices = new List<VertexPositionTexture>(); BuildFace(vertices, new Vector3(0, 0, 0), new Vector3(0, 1, 1)); BuildFace(vertices, new Vector3(0, 0, 1), new Vector3(1, 1, 1)); BuildFace(vertices, new Vector3(1, 0, 1), new Vector3(1, 1, 0)); BuildFace(vertices, new Vector3(1, 0, 0), new Vector3(0, 1, 0)); BuildFaceHorizontal(vertices, new Vector3(0, 1, 0), new Vector3(1, 1, 1)); BuildFaceHorizontal(vertices, new Vector3(0, 0, 1), new Vector3(1, 0, 0)); cubeVertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(device, VertexPositionTexture.VertexDeclaration, vertices.Count, BufferUsage.WriteOnly); cubeVertexBuffer.SetData<VertexPositionTexture>(vertices.ToArray()); } private void BuildFace(List<VertexPositionTexture> vertices, Vector3 p1, Vector3 p2) { vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p1.X, p1.Y, p1.Z, 1, 0)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p1.X, p2.Y, p1.Z, 1, 1)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p2.X, p2.Y, p2.Z, 0, 1)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p2.X, p2.Y, p2.Z, 0, 1)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p2.X, p1.Y, p2.Z, 0, 0)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p1.X, p1.Y, p1.Z, 1, 0)); } private void BuildFaceHorizontal(List<VertexPositionTexture> vertices, Vector3 p1, Vector3 p2) { vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p1.X, p1.Y, p1.Z, 0, 1)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p2.X, p1.Y, p1.Z, 1, 1)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p2.X, p2.Y, p2.Z, 1, 0)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p1.X, p1.Y, p1.Z, 0, 1)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p2.X, p2.Y, p2.Z, 1, 0)); vertices.Add(BuildVertex(p1.X, p1.Y, p2.Z, 0, 0)); } private VertexPositionTexture BuildVertex(float x, float y, float z, float u, float v) { return new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(x, y, z), new Vector2(u, v)); } public void Draw(BasicEffect effect) { foreach (EffectPass pass in effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); device.SetVertexBuffer(cubeVertexBuffer); device.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, cubeVertexBuffer.VertexCount / 3); } } } The following class is a list that draws the cubes. public class DrawableList<T> : DrawableGameComponent { private BasicEffect effect; private ThirdPersonCam camera; private class Entity { public Vector3 Position { get; set; } public Matrix Orientation { get; set; } public Texture2D Texture { get; set; } } private Cube cube; private List<Entity> entities = new List<Entity>(); public DrawableList(Game game, ThirdPersonCam camera, BasicEffect effect) : base(game) { this.effect = effect; cube = new Cube(game.GraphicsDevice); this.camera = camera; } public void Add(Vector3 position, Matrix orientation, Texture2D texture) { entities.Add(new Entity() { Position = position, Orientation = orientation, Texture = texture }); } public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { foreach (var item in entities) { effect.VertexColorEnabled = false; effect.TextureEnabled = true; effect.Texture = item.Texture; Matrix center = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f)); Matrix scale = Matrix.CreateScale(1f); Matrix translate = Matrix.CreateTranslation(item.Position); effect.World = center * scale * translate; effect.View = camera.view; effect.Projection = camera.proj; effect.FogEnabled = true; effect.FogColor = Color.CornflowerBlue.ToVector3(); effect.FogStart = 1.0f; effect.FogEnd = 50.0f; cube.Draw(effect); } base.Draw(gameTime); } } } There are probably many reasons that my fps is so slow, but I can't seem to figure out how to fix it. I've looked at techcraft as well, but what I have is too specific to what I want the outcome to be to just rewrite everything from scratch

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  • Collision detection with non-rectangular images

    - by Adam Smith
    I'm creating a game and I need to detect collisions between a character and some parts of the environment. Since my character's frames are taken from a sprite sheet with a transparent background, I'm wondering how I should go about detecting collisions between a wall and my character only if the colliding parts are non-transparent in both images. I thought about checking only if part of the rectangle the character is in touches the rectangle a tile is in and comparing the alpha channels, but then I have another choice to make... Either I test every single pixel against every single pixel in the other image and if one is true, I detect a collision. That would be terribly ineficient. The other option would be to keep a x,y position of the leftmost, rightmost, etc. non-transparent pixel of each image and compare those instead. The problem with this one might be that, for instance, the character's hand could be above a tile (so it would be in a transparent zone of the tile) but a pixel that is not the rightmost could touch part of the tile without being detected. Another problem would be that in different frames, the rightmost, leftmost, etc. pixels might not be at the same position. Should I not bother with that and just check the collisions on the rectangles? It would be simpler, but I'm afraid people.will feel that there are collisions sometimes that shouldn't happen.

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  • Can these game be fully coded in html5/javascript?

    - by RufioLJ
    I mean the mechanics of the game. Would it be possible? -Pokemon GBA series, rendering the world would be easy, but what about battle mechanics? -MapleStory, after seen dragonbound.net which is an identical copy of Gunbound I would think it's rather possible, but I'm still not sure if javascript can handle all the mechanics of the world. It would be heavy on resources I guess? I'm asking this because I'm really interested in html5 game develop(I really think in a future will destroy flash on game dev ground). I want to have an idea of how far games developed with the html5/javascript technology can go. I got especially inspired by dragonbound. I really think it pushes htmlt/javascript to the limits (game dev).

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  • Could someone explain why my world reconstructed from depth position is incorrect?

    - by yuumei
    I am attempting to reconstruct the world position in the fragment shader from a depth texture. I pass in the 8 frustum points in world space and interpolate them across fragments and then interpolate from near to far by the depth: highp float depth = (2.0 * CameraPlanes.x) / (CameraPlanes.y + CameraPlanes.x - texture( depthTexture, textureCoord ).x * (CameraPlanes.y - CameraPlanes.x)); // Reconstruct the world position from the linear depth highp vec3 world = mix( nearWorldPos, farWorldPos, depth ); CameraPlanes.x is the near plane CameraPlanes.y is the far. Assuming that my frustum positions are correct, and my depth looks correct, why is my world position wrong? (My depth texture is of format GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32F if that matters) Thanks! :D Update: Screenshot of world position http://imgur.com/sSlHd So you can see it looks nearly correct. However as the camera moves, the colours (positions) change, which they shouldnt. I can get this to work, if I do the following: Write this into the depth attachment in the previous pass: gl_FragDepth = gl_FragCoord.z / gl_FragCoord.w / CameraPlanes.y; and then read the depth texture like so: depth = texture( depthTexture, textureCoord ).x However this will kill the hardware z buffer optimizations.

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  • Making particle bounce off a line with friction

    - by Dlaor
    So I'm making a game and I need a particle to bounce off a line. I've got this so far: public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis) //vec is velocity { Vector2f result = vec - 2f * axis * axis.Dot(vec); return result; } Which works fine, but then I decided I wanted to be able to change the bounciness and friction of the bounce. I got bounciness down... public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis, float bounciness) //Bounciness goes from 0 to 1, 0 being not bouncy and 1 being perfectly bouncy { var reflect = (1 + bounciness); //2f Vector2f result = vec - reflect * axis * axis.Dot(vec); return result; } But when I tried to add friction, everything went to hell and back... public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis, float bounciness, float friction) //Does not work at all! { var reflect = (1 + bounciness); //2f Vector2f subtract = reflect * axis * axis.Dot(vec); Vector2f subtract2 = axis * axis.Dot(vec); Vector2f result = vec - subtract; result -= axis.PerpendicularLeft() * subtract2.Length() * friction; return result; } Any physics guys willing to help me out with this? (if you're not sure what I mean with the friction of a bounce see this: http://www.metanetsoftware.com/technique/diagrams/A-1_particle_collision.swf)

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  • Whole map design vs. tiles array design

    - by Mikalichov
    I am working on a 2D RPG, which will feature the usual dungeon/town maps (pre-generated). I am using tiles, that I will then combine to make the maps. My original plan was to assemble the tiles using Photoshop, or some other graphic program, in order to have one bigger picture that I could then use as a map. However, I have read on several places people talking about how they used arrays to build their map in the engine (so you give an array of x tiles to your engine, and it assemble them as a map). I can understand how it's done, but it seems a lot more complicated to implement, and I can't see obvious avantages. What is the most common method, and what are advantages/disadvantages of each?

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  • 3ds Max CAT to XNA

    - by user12214
    Has anyone successfully used the CAT bone system in 3ds Max and exported the file into XNA? If so, what was your method of doing so? There are a number of methods of doing this apparently, but the ones I've tried have not worked. I used the Panda Exporter which creates a .X file. This seems to be the latest way of going about this, but when it's loaded in XNA, there is an error saying something about the bone weights. This happens when I export with and without CAT bones.

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  • How to implement the light trails for a tron game?

    - by Link
    Well I was creating a TRON style game, but had an issue with creating the actual light trails for the game. What I'm doing currently is I have an array the same size as my window in pixel size, implemented like this: int* collision[800][600]; Then when the bike goes on a certain pixel, it is marked with a 1 for traveled on. However what is the most efficient way to create a working light trail display? I tried to do something like this: int i, j; for(i=0; i<800; i++) for(j=0; j<600; j++) if(*collision[i][j] == 1) Image::applySurface(i, j, trailSurface, gameScreen); But it isn't working properly? It just fills the whole screen with a sprite instead. Whats a better/faster/working way to do this?

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  • C++: Checking if an object faces a point (within a certain range)

    - by bojoradarial
    I have been working on a shooter game in C++, and am trying to add a feature whereby missiles shot must be within 90 degrees (PI/2 radians) of the direction the ship is facing. The missiles will be shot towards the mouse. My idea is that the ship's angle of rotation is compared with the angle between the ship and the mouse (std::atan2(mouseY - shipY, mouseX - shipX)), and if the difference is less than PI/4 (45 degrees) then the missile can be fired. However, I can't seem to get this to work. The ship's angle of rotation is increased and decreased with the A and D keys, so it is possible that it isn't between 0 and 2*PI, hence the use of fmod() below. Code: float userRotation = std::fmod(user->Angle(), 6.28318f); if (std::abs(userRotation - missileAngle) > 0.78f) return; Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!

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  • Better solution for boolean mixing?

    - by Ruben Nunez
    Sorry if this question has been asked in the past, but searching Google and here didn't yield relevant results, so here goes. I'm working on a fragment shader that implements both conditional/boolean diffuse and bump mapping (that is to say, you don't need a diffuse texture or a normals texture, and if they're not present, they're simply changed to default values). My current solution is to use a uniform float to say "mix amount". For example, computing the diffuse texel works as: // Compute diffuse amount scaled by vCol // If no texture is present (mDif = 0.0), then DiffuseTexel = vCol // kT[0] is the diffuse texture // vTex is the texture co-ordinates // mDif is the uniform float containing the mix amount (either 0.0 or 1.0) vec4 DiffuseTexel = vCol*mix(vec4(1.0), texture2D(kT[0], vTex), mDif); While that works great and all, I was wondering if there's a better way of doing this, as I will never have any use for in-between values for funky effects. I know that perhaps the best solution is to simply write separate shaders for mDif=0.0 and mDif=1.0, but I'd like a more elegant solution than splicing shaders before compiling or writing multiple shader files and keeping each one updated. Any ideas are greatly appreciated. =)

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  • Preventing item duplication?

    - by PuppyKevin
    For my game, there's two types of items - stackable, and nonstackable. Nonstackable items get assigned a unique ID that stays with it forever. A character ID is assosicated with the item, as is a state (CHANGED, UNCHANGED, NEW, REMOVED). The character ID and state is used for item saving purposes. Stackable items have one unique ID, as in the entire stack has one unique ID. For example: 5 Potions (stacked ontop of each other) has one unique ID. When dropping a nonstackable item, the state gets set to REMOVED, and the unique ID and state don't change. If picked up by another player, the state gets set to NEW, and the character ID gets changed to the new character's ID. When dropping all items in a stack of stackable items (for example, 5 potions out of 5) - it behaves just like a nonstackable item. When dropping some of a stack of stackable items (for example, 3 potions out of 5)... I really have no clue what to do. The 3 dropped potions have the state of REMOVED, but the same unique ID and character ID. If another player picks it up, it has no choice but to obtain a new unique ID, and its state gets changed to NEW and its character ID to the new one. If the dropping player picks it back up, they'd just be readded to the stack. There's two issues with that though. 1. If the player who dropped the 3 potions picks it back up, there's no way to tell if they legitimately dropped the items, or if they're duped items. 2. If another player picks up the 3 potions (assuming they're duped), there's no way to know if they're duped or not. My question is: How can I create a system that detects duplicated items for both nonstackable and stackable items?

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  • Problems using easing equations in C# XNA

    - by codinghands
    I'm having some trouble using the easing equations suggested by Robert Penner for ActionScript (http://www.robertpenner.com/easing/, and a Flash demo here) in my C# XNA game. Firstly, what is the definition of the following variables passed in as arguments to each equation? float t, float b, float c, float d I'm currently calculating the new X position of a sprite in the Update() loop, however even for the linear tween equation I'm getting some odd results. I'm using the following values: float t = gameTime.TotalGameTime.TotalMilliseconds; float d = 8000f; float b = x.Position.X; float c = (ScreenManager.Game.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width >> 1) - (x.Position.X + x.frameSize.X / 2); And this equation for linear easing: float val = c*t/d + b;

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  • Could someone explain in detail simplex /or perlin noise?

    - by Ryan Szemplinski
    I am really interested in perlin/simplex noise but I am having a difficult time understanding it. I am not very good at math but I am willing to learn because it interests me greatly. If someone is willing to dedicate there time into this I would be immensely appreciative of this. To be more concise, an explanation of functions and some calculation inside the functions would be nice to understand. Thanks in advance!

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  • Simple rendering produces minor stutter

    - by Ben
    For some reason, this game loop renders the movement of a simple rectangle with no stuttering. double currTime; double prevTime = System.nanoTime() / NANO_TO_SEC; double FPSTIMER = System.nanoTime(); double maxTimeDiff = 100.0 / 1000.0; double delta = 1.0 / 60.0; int processes = 0, frames = 0; while(true){ currTime = System.nanoTime() / NANO_TO_SEC; if(currTime - prevTime > maxTimeDiff) prevTime = currTime; if(currTime >= prevTime){ process(); processes++; prevTime += delta; if(currTime < prevTime){ render(); frames++; } } else{ try{ Thread.sleep((long) (1000 * (prevTime - currTime))); } catch(Exception e){} } if(System.nanoTime() - FPSTIMER > 1000000000.0){ System.out.println("Process: " + (1000 / processes) + "ms FPS: " + (1000 / frames) + "ms"); processes = frames = 0; FPSTIMER += 1000000000.0; } } But for this game loop, I get really minor stuttering where the movement does not look smooth. long prevTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long prevRenderTime = 0; long currRenderTime = 0; long delta = 0; long msPerTick = 1000 / 60; int frames = 0; int ticks = 0; double FPSTIMER = System.currentTimeMillis(); while (true){ long currTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); delta += (currTime - prevTime) / msPerTick; prevTime = currTime; while (delta >= 1){ ticks++; process(); delta -= 1; } prevRenderTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); render(); frames++; currRenderTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); try{ Thread.sleep((long) ((1000 / FPS) - (currRenderTime - prevRenderTime))); } catch(Exception e){} if(System.currentTimeMillis() - FPSTIMER > 1000.0){ System.out.println("Process: " + (1000.0 / ticks) + "ms FPS: " + (1000.0 / frames) + "ms"); ticks = frames = 0; FPSTIMER += 1000.0; } Is there any critical difference that I'm missing here? The one thing I noticed is that if I uncap the fps for the second game loop, the stuttering goes away. It doesn't make sense to me. Also, the second game loop came from Notch's Minicraft code with just my thread sleeping code added in.

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  • Generating tileable terrain using Perlin Noise [duplicate]

    - by terrorcell
    This question already has an answer here: How do you generate tileable Perlin noise? 9 answers I'm having trouble figuring out the solution to this particular algorithm. I'm using the Perlin Noise implementation from: https://code.google.com/p/mikeralib/source/browse/trunk/Mikera/src/main/java/mikera/math/PerlinNoise.java Here's what I have so far: for (Chunk chunk : chunks) { PerlinNoise noise = new PerlinNoise(); for (int y = 0; y < CHUNK_SIZE_HEIGHT; ++y) { for (int x = 0; x < CHUNK_SIZE_WIDTH; ++x) { int index = get1DIndex(y, CHUNK_SIZE_WIDTH, x); float val = 0; for (int i = 2; i <= 32; i *= i) { double n = noise.tileableNoise2(i * x / (float)CHUNK_SIZE_WIDTH, i * y / (float)CHUNK_SIZE_HEIGHT, CHUNK_SIZE_WIDTH, CHUNK_SIZE_HEIGHT); val += n / i; } // chunk tile at [index] gets set to the colour 'val' } } } Which produces something like this: Each chunk is made up of CHUNK_SIZE number of tiles, and each tile has a TILE_SIZE_WIDTH/HEIGHT. I think it has something to do with the inner-most for loop and the x/y co-ords given to the noise function, but I could be wrong. Solved: PerlinNoise noise = new PerlinNoise(); for (Chunk chunk : chunks) { for (int y = 0; y < CHUNK_SIZE_HEIGHT; ++y) { for (int x = 0; x < CHUNK_SIZE_WIDTH; ++x) { int index = get1DIndex(y, CHUNK_SIZE_WIDTH, x); float val = 0; float xx = x * TILE_SIZE_WIDTH + chunk.x; float yy = y * TILE_SIZE_HEIGHT + chunk.h; int w = CHUNK_SIZE_WIDTH * TILE_SIZE_WIDTH; int h = CHUNK_SIZE_HEIGHT * TILE_SIZE_HEIGHT; for (int i = 2; i <= 32; i *= i) { double n = noise.tileableNoise2(i * xx / (float)w, i * yy / (float)h, w, h); val += n / i; } // chunk tile at [index] gets set to the colour 'val' } } }

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  • Is there a size limit when using UICollectionView as tiled map for iOS game?

    - by Alexander Winn
    I'm working on a turn-based strategy game for iOS, (picture Civilization 2 as an example), and I'm considering using a UICollectionView as my game map. Each cell would be a tile, and I could use the "didSelectCell" method to handle player interaction with each tile. Here's my question: I know that UICollectionViewCells are dequeued and reused by the OS, so does that mean that the map could support an effectively infinitely-large map, so long as only a few cells are onscreen at a time? However many cells were onscreen would be held in memory, and obviously the data source would take up some memory, but would my offscreen map be limited to a certain size or could it be enormous so long as the number of cells visible at any one time wasn't too much for the device to handle? Basically, is there any memory weight to offscreen cells, or do only visible cells have any impact?

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  • Which physics phenomenons can be simulated properly with Box2d or bullet physics? [on hold]

    - by user3585425
    Knowing that box2d or bullet physics can't simulate Newton's cradle (because of multiple bodies being in contact at the same time if I understand correctly), is there a sets of physics phenomenons that imply two or more objects that still can be simulated properly ? For example, I'm thinking about lightweight objects launched towards heavyweight objects. If the object is destroyed on contact, this would not make a difference if the energy is not transmitted correctly on impact.

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  • How can I clear explosions in my function?

    - by hustlerinc
    Hi I have a function to place bombs, and a for loop that places explosions on the tiles where possible. My problem is that I can't remove the explosions after a while. I've tried everything I can come up with so now I turn here as a last resort. The function looks like this: function Bomb(){ var placebomb = false; if(placeBomb && player.bombs != 0){ map[player.Y][player.X].object = 2; var bombX = player.X; var bombY = player.Y; placeBomb = false; player.bombs--; setTimeout(explode, 3000); } function explode(){ var explodeNorth = true; var explodeEast = true; var explodeSouth = true; var explodeWest = true; map[bombY][bombX].explosion = 1; delete map[bombY][bombX].object; for(i=0;i<=player.bombRadius;i++){ if(explodeNorth && map[bombY-i][bombX]){ if(!map[bombY-i][bombX].wall){ if(!map[bombY-i][bombX].object){ map[bombY-i][bombX].explosion = 1; } else var explodeNorth = false; delete map[bombY-i][bombX].object; map[bombY-i][bombX].explosion = 1; } else var explodeNorth = false; } if(explodeEast && map[bombY][bombX+i]){ if(!map[bombY][bombX+i].wall){ if(!map[bombY][bombX+i].object){ map[bombY][bombX+i].explosion = 1; } else var explodeEast = false; delete map[bombY][bombX+i].object; map[bombY][bombX+i].explosion = 1; } else var explodeEast = false; } if(explodeSouth && map[bombY+i][bombX]){ if(!map[bombY+i][bombX].wall){ if(!map[bombY+i][bombX].object){ map[bombY+i][bombX].explosion = 1; } else var explodeSouth = false; delete map[bombY+i][bombX].object; map[bombY+i][bombX].explosion = 1; } else var explodeSouth = false; } if(explodeWest && map[bombY][bombX-i]){ if(!map[bombY][bombX-i].wall){ if(!map[bombY][bombX-i].object){ map[bombY][bombX-i].explosion = 1; } else var explodeWest = false; delete map[bombY][bombX-i].object; map[bombY][bombX-i].explosion = 1; } else var explodeWest = false; } } player.bombs++; } } If anyone can think of a good way to remove the explosion after a delay please help.

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  • Avoid overwriting all the methods in the child class

    - by Heckel
    The context I am making a game in C++ using SFML. I have a class that controls what is displayed on the screen (manager on the image below). It has a list of all the things to draw like images, text, etc. To be able to store them in one list I created a Drawable class from which all the other drawable class inherit. The image below represents how I would organize each class. Drawable has a virtual method Draw that will be called by the manager. Image and Text overwrite this method. My problem is that I would like Image::draw method to work for Circle, Polygon, etc. since sf::CircleShape and sf::ConvexShape inherit from sf::Shape. I thought of two ways to do that. My first idea would be for Image to have a pointer on sf::Shape, and the subclasses would make it point onto their sf::CircleShape or sf::ConvexShape classes (Like on the image below). In the Polygon constructor I would write something like ptr_shape = &polygon_shape; This doesn't look very elegant because I have two variables that are, in fact, just one. My second idea is to store the sf::CircleShape and sf::ConvexShape inside the ptr_shape like ptr_shape = new sf::ConvexShape(...); and to use a function that is only in ConvexShape I would cast it like so ((sf::ConvexShape*)ptr_shape)->convex_method(); But that doesn't look very elegant either. I am not even sure I am allowed to do that. My question I added details about the whole thing because I thought that maybe my whole architecture was wrong. I would like to know how I could design my program to be safe without overwriting all the Image methods. I apologize if this question has already been asked; I have no idea what to google.

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  • Understanding IDAT chunk of PNG file format

    - by DRapp
    From the sample image below, I have a border in yellow just for display purposes only. The actual .png file is a simple black/white image 3 pixels by 3 pixels. I was originally thinking to try as a 2x2, but that would not help trying to interpret low/hi vs hi/low drawing stream. At least this way, I would have two black, one white from the top, or one white, two black from the bottom.. So I read the chunks of data, get to the IDAT chunk, decode that (zlib) and come up with 12 bytes as follows 00 20 00 40 00 80 So, my question, how does the above get broken down into the 3x3 black and white sample... Also, it is saved in palette format and properly recognizes the bit depth of 1 and color palette of 2... color pallet[0] is RGBA all zeros. Palette1 has RGBA of 255, 255, 255, 0 I'll eventually get into the multiple other depth formats later, just wanted to start with what would expect to be the easiest. Part II. Any guidance on handling the other depth formats would help if anything special to be considered especially regarding alpha channel (which I am already looking for in the palette) that might trip me up.

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