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• Confirm that two filesystems are identical, ignoring special files

  - by endolith

  /media/A and /media/B should be identical, but I want to confirm before deleting one. Duplicate file finders don't work, because they'll find two copies of the same file within B, for instance. I only want to confirm that every file in one is identical to the other. diff -qr /media/A/ /media/B/ seems to work, but the output is cluttered with garbage like diff: /media/A//etc/alternatives/ControlPanel: No such file or directory and File /media/A//dev/tty8 is a character special file while file /media/B//dev/tty8 is a character special file I can suppress the former with 2> /dev/null, but I don't know about the latter. rsync -avn /media/A/ /media/B/ also produces a bunch of clutter, like "skipping non-regular file". How can I compare the two trees and just make sure that all the real files exist in both and are identical?

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• problem with MySQL installation : template configuration file cannot be found

  - by user35389

  Trying to install MySQL onto the Windows XP machine. While going through the installation steps (in the "MySQL Server Instance Config. Wizard"), I get to a point where it the window reads: MySQL Server Instance Configuration (bold header) Choose the configuration for the server instance. Ready to execute... o Prepare configuration o Write configuration file o Start service o Apply security settings (this line is greyed out) Please press [Execute] to start the configuration. [ Back ] [ Execute ] [ Cancel ] So I press execute, and then a red X appears in the second step: Write configuration file and at the bottom, where it originally said: Please press [Execute] to start the configuration. It now says: The template configuration file cannot be found at C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin\my-template.cnf I'm unsure what it means, but I canceled the config wizard and looked in the directory that had been created (C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0). There are some configuration settings files, and there are 4 folders: bin data Docs share

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• Configuring htaccess to show authentication prompt only for subdomain

  - by Philipp Lenssen

  How do I write the htaccess so that it will only require authentication when on admin.example.com, but not on www.example.com (like by using some if-else clause)? Background: I have a site running in two modes: The admin mode should be reached at something like admin.example.com, whereas the normal mode would be www.example.com -- but both should point to the same directory & scripts within them (the scripts then turn on certain editing features by checking if the script is accessed from the admin subdomain). Edit: I can now see this has been asked and answered at StackOverflow, though I can't get the top answer to work for me...

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• Locking down remote desktop using AD GPO

  - by Brettski

  I am currently locking down a companies remote desktop access via a VPN. What I need to do is disable remote printing, file transfer and clipboard via active directory for the workstations that will be accessed. I am having trouble figuring out which GPO's are used to restrict this. My basic approach is to restrict VPN users to port 3389 so the will be able to access their work computers remotely but nothing else (I will look into layer 7 scanning later). With this I want to ensure they are unable to transfer and data via files, printing or the clipboard. The environment is Windows Server 2003

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• ubuntu qcow2 image for local usage

  - by aisbaa

  I'm using kvm and I would like to run ubuntu server on it. My goal is to run db2 database instance for development. Is there ready to use ubuntu qcow2 images online for such purpose? Or should I install it from live cd? I've found this instruction UEC/Images, but at launch I get: $ kvm -fda ${floppy} -drive if=virtio,file=./disk.img -boot a ... Nothing to boot: No such file or directory (http://ipxe.org/...) No more network devices No bootable device. Solution: I havent found pre-installed ubuntu virtual machine image online, so solution is to install it by your self.

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• suPHP permission requirements for all files or only PHP scripts?

  - by puk

  Generally with PHP, files/folders have a permission of 0777 when we want to write to them. suPHP forbids a permission of 0777. Instead, files are supposed to have a permission of 0644 and folders have a permission 0755. However, this is always worded differently SuPHP won't allow chmod of 777 so we need to set all files to 644 and directories to 755 Your scripts and directories can now, only have a maximum of 755 permissions Set file permission(s) to allow read access only by you (e.g., chmod 600 filename.suphp). What is the exact rule and to what files does it apply to? If I have README file somewhere in a nested directory does its permission need to be updated, or does it only apply to .php files?

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• php include path problem:Same code works on Ubuntu default Apache and php conf, but not on CentOS

  - by Neo

  So the same code works on my ubuntu server but when I upload it to my dedicated hosting server running CentOS it seems to add an extra prefix of .:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php: I tried setting includepath to different things but it just doesn't work. the file is in a directory called language in the same folder as the file that is including it and I'm using : include dirname(FILE).DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR."language".DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR."storage.inc"; and include dirname(__FILE__)."/language/language.php"; and include "language/language.php"; and alot of other combinations but I can't get it to find the file. Fatal error: require_once() [function.require]: Failed opening required '/home/neo/public_html/migration/include/class/core/storage.inc' (include_path='.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php:/home/neo/public_html/migration') in /home/neo/public_html/migration/include/class/core/class_lang.inc on line 153

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• Passenger, Apache and avoiding page caching

  - by user38382

  I'm hosting a rack application with passenger and apache. The application is setup to cache the content of each request to the public directory after each request. This allows apache to serve the content directly as a static page for future requests. I would like to tell Apache, presumably through some rewrite rules that any requests with query parameters should not be cached, but instead passed down to the rack application. With a mongrel setup I would just redirect it to the balancer if it meets my rewrite conditions. How do you do the same with passenger?

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• Folder default ACLs not inherited when new file is created

  - by Flavien

  I'm a bit of a beginner with Unix systems, but I'm running Cygwin on my Windows Server, and I am trying to figure out something related to extended ACLs. I have a directory to which I set the following ACLs: Administrator@MyServer ~ $ setfacl -m d:u:Someuser:r-- somedir Administrator@MyServer ~ $ getfacl somedir/ # file: somedir/ # owner: Administrator # group: None user::rwx group::r-x mask:rwx other:r-x default:user::rwx default:user:Someuser:r-- default:group::r-x default:mask:rwx default:other:r-x As you can see mose of the default ACLs have the x bit. Then when I create a fine in it, it doesn't inherit the ACLs it is supposed to: Administrator@MyServer ~ $ touch somedir/somefile Administrator@MyServer ~ $ getfacl somedir/somefile # file: somedir/somefile # owner: Administrator # group: None user::rw- user:Someuser:r-- group::r-- mask:rwx other:r-- It's basically missing the x bit everywhere. Any idea why?

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• Creating 2 IIS asp.net applications and making 1 the root.

  - by Shawn Mclean

  I'm using godaddy. I have 2 applications I want to install on the server. One named en and the other fr (english and french). On the en application, I checked Make Application Root. Now I assumed I could go to www.mysite.com and it automatically loads www.mysite.com/en/. I have to go to the directory manually. How do I fix this? My file structure is: www.mysite.com/en for the en app and www.mysite.com/fr for the fr app.

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• Linux Live CD for old computer

  - by Joel Coehoorn

  I have a pentium II (that's right, pentium II) with a scant 200MB of ram. This was a high-end workstation in it's day. The machine currently runs dos on a raid array, and I need to pull some data from it. I figure my best chance at this is to use a linux live cd to copy the data to one of our active directory network shares (there is a network card in the machine). Unfortunately, my linux skills are abysmal, so I'm not sure where to get started: Where should I look to find a linux cd that will run well on such an old system Since I'm likely gonna need to be command-line only, what do I need to do to configure the network card and mount the network share via the command line? Bonus points: exact syntax needed to copy and convert the entire volume for use in VMware server 2.0, but really just copying all the data should be enough.

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• How can I copy the output from a remote command into the local clipboard?

  - by cwd

  I use iTerm2 as my terminal client in Mac OS X. On the local system I can use pbcopy and pbpaste to transfer data between the system clipboard and the terminal, but of course this doesn't work when you're ssh'ed to another machine. Is there some way which I can take the result of a command and copy it to the clipboard automatically? Perhaps an applescript to grab the text on the iTerm windows, then get the next to last line? For instance, if I wanted to copy the current working directory: I run pwd, then use the mouse to select the text, and then press command + c. Is there any better / faster / automatic way of doing this? I'm not looking for a bulletproof solution that would work for every command (eg: might not work when there is a huge scrollback) - I'm just looking for something to make this task that I do quite often a little less tedious. Update I'm looking into using screen to do this, but I'm still not sure if it is possible.

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• Exclude path from Windows 7 search?

  - by Jez

  It's really quite incredible how bad Windows 7's search seems to be. The latest problem I have with it is that I want to search for filenames including the string "user", so I go to the directory I want to search in (C:\Users\jez\testing), type *user* in the search box, and hit enter. It gives me... every single file. Because "user" is in the path of every file, with everything being under "C:\Users..." OK, this is useless. Is there a way to just search for the string within files rather than their paths, or do I need to download some decent 3rd party search software?

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• Apache htaccess with mod_expires Not Working for certain directories

  - by keyboarddrummer

  I have a Joomla site that I am trying to enable caching using mod_expires. I have the .htaccess in the root of the site and have added the options as found on the page http://www.pactsoftware.nl/tools/joomla-optimization.html Using the PageSpeed extension in Chrome, prior to adding this in my .htaccess, my site scores a 55 (Caching is at the top, and lists a lot of images, CSS, and JS files). After these directives, it scores 70, with caching in the yellow, but still lists some image files (some are two directories deep and the rest are four). I checked for any other .htaccess files in the Joomla root, but none are between those folders and the root. It is almost as if htaccess only works in that one directory, not the subfolders. I have tried putting a .htaccess in each affected subdirectory, but it does not work. Does anyone have any ideas?

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• Get tortoisesvn to give me filenames with build number in the filename

  - by EricJLN

  I am on a Windows 7 box, and I have tortoisesvn on my machine. After getting a little familiar with svn and tortoisesvn on a code repository, I set up a local repository to manage revisions of some word and powerpoint documents. I want to figure out some scripted way to output a set of files with the build/revision number embedded in the filename. I will then email the files to some business people to review. For example, say I have a group of files in my working directory: PresentA.pptx PresentA-notes.docx PresentB.pptx and TortoiseSVN repo browser tells me that I am currently at revision 21 for PresentA.pptx and PresentA-notes.docx but at revision 25 for PresentB.pptx, I would like some way to get 3 files with the following names: PresentA-r21.pptx PresentA-notes-r21.docx PresentB-r25.pptx Alternatively, if revision 25 is the current value for the repository, having all the names appended with -r25 would work, too.

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• change default userid for connecting to local AFP share?

  - by Stew

  I've got Netatalk & Avahi running on a local Ubuntu server--I use two different userids, "afp" for Time Machine and "stew" to access my media files etc. In order to mount a shared directory on my server, I have to click "Connect As..." and enter my userid/password every time, because it always tries to log in using Time Machine's userid. I'm not sure if this is because that userid is set as default, or just because it's the last userid that logged in to that server--either way: Is there a way to change the default userid for connecting to a given server? Mega extra credit: I'd love to have this automated, such that my userid, "stew", is always logged in (and heck, it'd be great to have the directories always mounted, too!) whenever the server is available. Thanks!

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• Setting up phpMemCacheAdmin on CentOS 5.5

  - by Bill Smith

  I have been able to setup phpMemCacheAdmin (http://code.google.com/p/phpmemcacheadmin/) on CentOS and am able to view the localhost MemCache statistics however whenever I add other MemCached nodes the config is never changed. I am fairly certain it has something to do with permissions however I am unable to track down what exactly needs to be done, or how to do it. The install was pretty straightforward: wget http://phpmemcacheadmin.googlecode.com/files/phpMemCacheAdmin-1.1.3r161.tar.gz tar xvzf phpMemCacheAdmin-1.1.3r161.tar.gz chmod +w Config/Memcache.ini But, it also states that Apache has rw right in the temp file folder (default : Temp/) and the entire config directory (Config/) -- that is the part I am unsure of. Help!

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• Apache2 + FCGI + PHP5 not creating sockets / pools

  - by CodyRo

  I have a pretty vanilla setup with Apache2, FastCGI setup as DSO and serving PHP through an external CGI script that sets the max children / serves the request to PHP. The issue is FastCGI doesn't appear to be creating the PHP sockets / pooling them so each request calls the php-cgi binary, then dies off .. effectively making the reason I want to use FastCGI moot. The only configuration directives I have are: AddHandler php5-fastcgi .php Action php5-fastcgi /cgi-bin/fcgi.cgi FastCgiIpcDir /usr/local/apache2/fastcgi The dyanmic/ directory is getting created as anticipated, but there are no sockets in there. Permissions are indeed correct. Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks!

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• What to do when 'dpkg --configure -a' fails with too many errors?

  - by rudivonstaden

  During an upgrade from lucid (10.04) to precise (12.04), the X session froze, and I have been trying to recover the upgrade to get a stable system. I have performed the following steps: Used ssh to log in to the stalled system over the network. Checked the contents of the /var/log/dist-upgrade directory. There was no activity on main.log, apt.log or term.log. top showed that process 'precise' was using about 3% CPU, but I could find no evidence that the upgrade process was still doing anything. 'dpkg' did not show up in top, but it came up with pgrep dpkg | xargs ps Killed the 'dpkg' and 'precise' processes Tried to recover the upgrade by running sudo fuser -vki /var/lib/dpkg/lock;sudo dpkg --configure -a. This was partially successful (some packages were configured), but failed with the message Processing was halted because there were too many errors. I ran the same command a few times, and each time some packages were configured but others failed. Tried running sudo apt-get -f install. It fails with similar errors to dpkg. The current situation is that dpkg --configure -a and sudo apt-get -f install fails with two kinds of error: Dependency issues, e.g.: dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cifs-utils: cifs-utils depends on samba-common; however: Package samba-common is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing cifs-utils (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Resource conflict, e.g.: debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable Additionally, it seems there's reference to potential boot problems, so I'm not keen to reboot without fixing the install first: dpkg: too many errors, stopping Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-25-generic cryptsetup: WARNING: failed to detect canonical device of /dev/sda1 cryptsetup: WARNING: could not determine root device from /etc/fstab So my question is, how to get a working install when dpkg --configure -a fails?

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• Encrypt tar file asymmetrically

  - by DerMike

  I want to achieve something like tar -c directory | openssl foo > encrypted_tarfile.dat I need the openssl tool to use public key encryption. I found an earlier question about symmetric encryption at the command promt (sic!), which does not suffice. I did take a look in the openssl(1) man page and only found symmetric encryption. Does openssl really not support asymmetric encryption? Basically many users are supposed to create their encrypted tar files and store them in a central location, but only few are allowed to read them.

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• How useful is mounting /tmp noexec?

  - by Novelocrat

  Many people (including the Securing Debian Manual) recommend mounting /tmp with the noexec,nodev,nosuid set of options. This is generally presented as one element of a 'defense-in-depth' strategy, by preventing the escalation of an attack that lets someone write a file, or an attack by a user with a legitimate account but no other writable space. Over time, however, I've encountered arguments (most prominently by Debian/Ubuntu Developer Colin Watson) that noexec is a useless measure, for a couple potential reasons: The user can run /lib/ld-linux.so <binary> in an attempt to get the same effect. The user can still run system-provided interpreters on scripts that can't be run directly Given these arguments, the potential need for more configuration (e.g. debconf likes an executable temporary directory), and the potential loss of convenience, is this a worthwhile security measure? What other holes do you know of that enable circumvention?

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• Windows XP not able to boot after loading isapnp.sys driver

  - by pragadheesh

  Hi When i power on my DELL Latitude E6400 laptop running on Windows XP SP3, i get a black screen and hangs after that. So I tried to boot through safe mode which hangs after loading the driver isapnp.sys. Doing a bit of googling i found out Windows XP not booting up including safe mode So I loaded my XP boot cd and tried Recovery Console. In the Recovery console, doing "dir" gives the error "an error occurred during directory enumeration". Then i tried chkdsk /p /r which gave "the volume appears to contain one or more unrecoverable problems" How can i fix these please. Thanks in advance.

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• How do I reassemble a zip file that has been emailed in multiple parts?

  - by Guy

  I received 3 emails each containing part of a zip file. The extensions end in .z00, .z01 and .z02. (Emailed as such to get around the typical 10Mb attachment limit per email.) I have put all 3 files into one directory. I can use both 7-zip and WinZip to open the first file (the .z00 file) and it lists the contents of the zip but when trying to extract the files both programs are reporting errors. What is the least error prone way of reassembling this zip and getting to the files?

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• How can I deal with file association in different application(not in Nautilus)?

  - by Julius

  Maybe i don't understand the system. Upgraded to (reinstalled) Ubuntu 11.04. Is there any way the applications can use something that i set in nautilus, or it's just a wrong idea about the usage? In nautilus the file association works great, easy, handy and so on... My first problem was when installed chromium. Downloaded a file, a popup ask for assocation, set nautilus. And it only opens folder, for any file show an error: it is not a direcrory. Ok, so i thought Google chrome changed, because previously .pdf open acrobat,.torrent open vuze and so on. But now i have to open nautilus on download folder with it, than select and open the preferable application by manually and can't use any automatism i used to. Then in gnome commander , it not followed the default association i set in nautilus. Ok maybe it is commander fault. use it's own. Then in calibre, the "read" use again this default "can't open its not a directory" error So it's seems to me the applications not using well this file associations or i really don't understand the aim of file associations system (mime,.desktop files,...) If there is no solution i think i have to search some program (if any exist's) which can identify and launch application and set as default instead nautilus.

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• Watch Filesystem in Real Time on OS X and Ubuntu

  - by Adrian Schneider

  I'm looking for a CLI tool which will watch a directory and spit out the names of files that change in real time. some_watch_command /path/to/some/folder | xargs some_callback I'm aware of inotify (inotify-tools?) and it seems to be what I need, but I need something that is both Linux (in my case Ubuntu) and OSX compatible. It doesn't need to be lightning fast, but it does need to trigger upon changes (within a second is reasonable). Also, I don't necessarily need the exact CLI program mentioned above. If some underlying tech exists and is easily scriptable on both platforms that would be great too.

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