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• Starting VM as an executable with as low overhead as possible

  - by Robert Koritnik

  Is there a solution to create a virtual machine and start it by having an executable file, that will start the machine? If possible to start as quickly as possible. Strange situation? Not at all. Read on... Real life scenario Since we can't have domain controller on a non-server OS it would be nice to have domain controller in an as thin as possible machine (possibly Samba or similar because we'd like to make it startup as quickly as possible - in a matter of a few seconds) packed in a single executable. We could then configure our non-server OS to run the executable when it starts and before user logs in. This would make it possible to login into a domain.

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• KVM guest storage difference with NBD and NFS

  - by WojonsTech

  I am setting up my own little private cloud for my own use maybe for a project or to. I am using linux kvm on debian 6. I have 3 servers 2 of them for compute nodes and 1 storage node. I would I have already installed kvm made a few test machines got my networking setup. I have 2 nics on each server 1 nic is for web traffic other nic is for network traffic. My first Idea was to use NFS for storing the guest machines which can range in size, maybe 8gb maybe 100gb, it just depends. I was doing have heard of nbd before seems like it could work but I dont know what the performance differences are and if it will effect my enviroment, nfs looks like it will be easier to use.

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• iptables, forward traffic for ip not active on the host itself

  - by gucki

  I have kvm guest which's netword card is conntected to the host using a tap device. The tap device is part of a bridge on the host together with eth0 so it can access the public network. So far everything works, the guest can access the public network and it can be accessed from the public network. Now the kvm process on the host provides a vnc server for the guest which listens on 127.0.0.1:5901 on the host. Is there any way to make this vnc server accessible by the ip address which the guest is using (ex. 192.168.0.249), without interrupting the guest from using the same ip (port 5901 is not used by the guest)? It should also work when the guest is not using any ip address at all. So basically I just want to fake IP xx is on the host and only answer/ forward traffic to port 5901 to the host itself. I tried using this NAT rule on the host, but it doesn't work. Ip forwarding is enabled at the host. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dst 192.168.0.249 --dport 5901 -j DNAT --to-destination 127.0.0.1:5901 I assume this is because the IP 192.168.0.249 is not not bound to any interfaces and so no ARP requests for it get answered and so no packets for this IP arrive at the host. How can make it work? :)

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• Sizing Switches for Storage and Production

  - by Untalented

  Couple questions. Should you always completely separate the storage network switches from production switches or are VLANs fine to segment this traffic? Is there a golden rule here? How do you properly size a switch for your environment based on the specifications the manufacturer provide (Throughput, Forwarding Throughput, Stacking Throughput, Max Mac)? If you have two switch options and one has a maximum Mac address of 8,000 vs. another with 16,0000. What does this really mean to me? How do make sure one vs. another is sized properly for me? Besides VLAN and Jumbo Frame support, is there any other "Must" haves for a virtual environments production or storage networks? There is a wealth of knowledge on sizing SANs and such, but this seems equally important and it's quite challenging to find as much information. -- Just to add some tidbits of information for the environment. This setup above is referring to the data centers which supports two different locations which have about 100 users between the two in total. The storage traffic will be iSCSI and will be 3 ESXi Hosts and one SAN housing about 2.7TB of data. Since there is currently no storage network in place (no SAN), I'm having a hard time regarding #2 to really determine what backplane throughput and switch specifications will be sufficient.

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• Virtualized Development Server for simulating 3-Tier Environment

  - by chris.cyvas

  Hello, I am thinking about buying a new server based development box for development (redundantly redundant, I know ;)). Ideally, I want to run something like ESXi or Xen Hypervisor at the lowest level. Then I want to add (at least) 5 Linux VM's for the following uses: 2 Web Servers 2 Application Servers 1 Database Server I want to load balance the 2 web servers and the 2 application servers and (somewhat obviously) they need to be all networked together to simulate a production environment. Also, it used to be the case that the recommendation was to put each VM on it's own hard drive, but I'm not sure that holds water anymore. Any advice? Does anyone have any advice on how to pull this off? Gotchya's, LookOuts!, etc? Thanks!

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• What are optimal strategies for using mapreduce and other applications on the same server?

  - by user45532

  I have two applications that I need to run continuously to process data. 1.) An app that processes and aggregates information from sources 2.) A mapreduce workflow* that processes the above info I've thought about either getting vps hosting or getting my own inexpensive server and using xen to split the resources of the server. Getting a quad core box with 2 GB of Ram seems a lot cheaper than the grid options I've seen at slicehost, rackspace and others...

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• Deploying virtual machines - Windows Guest/Linux Host or vice versa?

  - by samoz

  I'm looking to deploy several virtual machines for users. They need access to both Windows and Linux. They also need to use the computers graphics card (for Photoshop, modeling, etc) under Windows. My question is, will an Ubuntu host/Windows guest or a Windows host/Ubuntu guest be faster? I'm somewhat worried about Windows getting a cluttered registry and slow, but on the otherhand, a Windows host would have direct access to hardware (Unless I'm just unaware of how to grant hardware access to a guest). Does the choice of software (VMware or VirtualBox) effect the choice?

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• Booting a native Windows install in Virtualbox: is it possible?

  - by Aron Rotteveel

  I am looking for something similiar to Bootcamp. Currently, I run Ubuntu Maveric as my primary operating system and run Windows 7 in Virtualbox. For some tasks, however, running Windows virtualized just seems to result in too much overhead and speed loss, and I'd like to be able to boot natively. The ideal situation would be to setup Windows and Ubuntu in dual boot on seperate partitions, with the ability to boot the Windows partition in Virtualbox on Ubuntu as well. Is this possible? Also, how it is that Bootcamp seems to be the only system capable of this?

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• How to decrease size of KVM virtual machine disk image

  - by Cerin

  How do you decrease or shrink the size of a KVM virtual machine disk? I allocated a virtual disk of 500GB (stored at /var/lib/libvirt/images/vm1.img), and I'm finding that overkill, so now I'd like to free up some of that space for use with other virtual machines. There seems to be a lot answers on how to increase image storage, but not decrease it. I found the virt-resize tool, but it only seems to work with raw disk partitions, not disk images.

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• How to automatically start VM created by virt-manager?

  - by Jeff Shattock

  I have created a virtual machine with virt-manager that runs on kvm/qemu. The machine works well when started through virt-manager. However, I would like to be able to start and stop the VM through a script in init.d, so that it comes up and down along with the host. I need to have virt-manager show that the machine is running, and to be able to connect to its console through there. When I use the command line that is produced by running ps -eaf | grep kvm after starting the vm through virt-manager, I get some console messages about redirected character devices, but the machine does start and runs properly. However, I do not get any indication from virt-manager that it has started. How can I modify the command line to get virt-manager to pick up the running VM? Is there anything else about the command line that should change when starting outside of virt-manager? Command line is (slightly reformatted for readability): /usr/bin/kvm -S -M pc-0.12 -enable-kvm -m 512 -smp 1 -name BORON \ -uuid fa7e5fbd-7d8e-43c4-ebd9-1504a4383eb1 \ -chardev socket,id=monitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/BORON.monitor,server,nowait \ -monitor chardev:monitor -localtime -boot c \ -drive file=/dev/FS1/BORON,if=ide,index=0,boot=on,format=raw \ -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:20:0b:fd,vlan=0,name=nic.0 \ -net tap,fd=41,vlan=0,name=tap.0 -chardev pty,id=serial0 -serial chardev:serial0 \ -parallel none -usb -usbdevice tablet -vnc 127.0.0.1:1 -k en-us -vga cirrus

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• Is it possible to cause artificial network packet loss or latency?

  - by nbolton

  I'm trying to reproduce some issues on a deployed application where the MSSQL server and client are running in two separate machines. I think there may be network issues between the two machines, so I'd like to try and reproduce these conditions on two Hyper-V virtual machines (on the same virtual server). Of course, the network for these virtual machines is "local" so it's actually far from the conditions in a live environment. Is there a program I can run on either virtual machine which will degrade the network performance? Or maybe any other work arounds? For example, one way to reproduce the conditions may be to run the VMs on separate Hyper-V servers in geographically dispersed locations (so the SQL traffic goes over VPN or something) -- but this is a little long winded I think. There must be a simpler way.

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• Please clarify on the relation between xen, VirtualBox, sun vm and oracle vm

  - by matnagel

  Please clarify on the relation between xen, VirtualBox, Sun vm and Oracle vm Which products still exist after Oracle acquired Sun? which of the products that still exists are derived from xen?

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• Clone current host OS to a guest virtual machine.

  - by ProfKaos

  I would like to run a few repeated checks on a setup procedure I am documenting, to verify my document. I would like to somehow create a VM that replicates the environment on my machine, i.e. the host machine, onto a guest VM. Then I can use Windows' System Restore on the guest to start at the point before I commenced the setup procedure and repeat it as many times as required until no more trial-and-error etc. is required to supplement my document. I have Virtual PC and VirtualBox available to install as host environments, running on Windows 7 Professional.

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• In a Virtual Machine, is the Virtual Processor using RAM or part of the Processor?

  - by Jason H

  I am running a 15" MacBook Pro (2.66GHz) and 4GB of RAM. I am considering downgrading to a 13 MacBook Pro (2.4GHz) with 8GB of RAM. Most of what I do at work is through Windows and I need to run it virtually. So my real question is when running a virtual machine will the virtual processor be utilizing RAM or part of the hosts processor? My assumption is that it will utilize the allocated RAM but I have seen zero documentation to support that.

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• How should oracle vbox look like in terms of Memory, CPU and Performance? [duplicate]

  - by Nicholas DiPiazza

  This question already has an answer here: Can you help me with my capacity planning? 2 answers I've got a need for a ton of VMs to simulate some realistic load testing scenarios. I've got a bunch of different host machines that differ in ram, cpu's, etc. What should my resource manager look like? Is there a standard way to know what the CPU, Memory and Disk Utilization should be given your CPUs + Memory available + Disks available? For example, I have a box: MemTotal: 50 Gb CPUs: 8 CPUs are pretty much 100% all day long. Memory is at about 60%. Swap not getting hit. Little bewildered by why the VMs, while doing the exact same test script, are showing different virtual memory consumption. Huh.

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• Is it possible to export an OpenVZ machine and use it after OpenVZ?

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm planning to use OpenVZ in an old machine I have at home. I want to know if a dumped OpenVZ instance image can be exported to other formats (like VirtualBox or Vmware). Thanks!

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• Storage replication/mirror over WAN

  - by galitz

  Hello, We are looking at storage replication between two data centers (600km apart) to support an active-passive cluster design for disaster recovery. The OS layer will be mostly Windows Server 2003/2008 with some OpenSuSE Linux used for performance monitoring on VMWare or possibly XenServer. The primary application service to replicate is Nvision. Datacenter 1 will have two storage systems for local active-passive or perhaps active-active replication with Datacenter 2 used as a last resport disaster recovery site. We have a handle on most aspects, but I am looking for specific recommendations on storage platforms that can handle remote replication cleanly. Thanks.

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• ubuntu 12.04 kvm virtual server network setup, can't get the machine to be connectable

  - by xyious

  I have worked on my Ubuntu Server host for weeks now and I just can not manage to get the virtual machines into the network.... here's what I need to do: I need to be able to create virtual machines that have IP addresses that can be reached from the outside (192.168 network). I need to be able to connect to the virtual machines through ssh, ftp, http and preferably https, anything else doesn't matter that much. So far everything seems simple enough and I have a lot of leeway in terms of IP address range and server/client configuration. I have the option of taking part of a /24 net as most IPs aren't used, and if it's absolutely necessary I have the option of creating a new /24 subnet. Also have the option of reformatting and reinstalling OS on the host and recreating the virtual machines as nothing has been done other than trying to get virtual machines to work. I would prefer if the virtual machines were just part of the normal network which would be 192.168.5.0/24. The host machine has 2 network cards so I don't even necessarily need the Host to be connectable in the same /24 network. I have tried (I think) just about everything from about 5 different tutorials on bridging (giving br0 the same IP that eth0 used to have (Host is able to connect to VM and vice versa, VM doesn't have outside network access), having eth0 set up like it always was and having br0 have a different IP (same as above), NAT with port forwarding (which I would have preferred not to use but will if it works), turning off one of the hosts network cards and just using one of them, different subnets.... etc. I do know my way around iptables fairly well.... Host is 64bit Ubuntu Server 12.04, using libvirt/kvm. edits: Local network is 192.168.5.0/24, host has static ip 192.168.5.254, GW .5.1 which is also nameserver. We have a second Local network at 192.168.10.0/24 with .10.1 GW, but both hosts and VMs were supposed to go into the .5 subnet. The .10 subnet isn't required, but it wouldn't be horrible if the Host were only accessible in the .10 subnet.

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• Boot a bootcamp windows 7 install from snow leopard.

  - by Milhous

  Is there a way to boot a windows 7 install on BootCamp from a Snow Leopard install. I hear that you can boot from Parrallels and VMWare fusion.b

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• How to add a VM Server to a VM Domain when the host is not on that domain.

  - by Charlie

  I have created A VM running Windows Server 2008 R2, using VMWare. I have configured this as a domain controller running a Windows Server 2008 domain. I have also created another VM running Windows Server 2008 R2. The HOST machine is using Windows 7 Professional 64 bit. When I try to add the second VM into the domain that the first is the DC for it fails as the VM cannot contact the DC. Simple question really. What have I missed? Is it something to do with the configuration on the Host machine? What do I need to do to enable this scenario? Thanks

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• Move and clone VirtualBox machines with filesystem commands

  - by mit

  I know of 2 ways to clone a VirtualBox machine on a linux host, one is by using the VirtualBox gui and exporting and re-importing as Appliance (in the file menu of VirtualBox). The other is by cloning only the virtual disk containers: VBoxManage clonevdi source.vdi target.vdi (Taken from http://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?p=853#p858 ) I would have to create a new VM afterwards and use the cloned virtual disk. Is there a way I can just copy a virtual disk and the and do the rest by hand? I'd have to manually edit the ~/VirtualBox/VirtualBox.xml and insert a new disk and a new machine: Can I just make up UUIDs or how would this work? I would very much prefer this hardcore method of doing things as it allows me to freely and rapdily backup, restore, move or clone machines. Or ist there a better way to do this?

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• Straight-forward to Virtualise with XEN or KVM on IBM Server System x3650 M4 791562G?

  - by ChrisZZ

  I want to built a virtualised Server Environment using XEN or KVM. The virtual machines should be purely debian systems - so XEN or KVM should be a sane choice. Now while buying servers, I am confronted with the fact, that the vendors obviously only support commercial solution. I think, on a good server, one should be able to install uncommercial software as well - but of course sometimes systems have hardware, that requires drivers, that are not found in the OS Community. So I am asked the question: Is it straight-forward to use Debian with IBM Server System x3650 M4 791562G with Debian - or even virtualising the IBM Server System x3650 M4 791562G using XEN or KVM. I am sure there will always be a way to achieve this goal - but this way might have a high milage - so I am not asking, whether this is theoretical possible, but whether this should be straight-forward and practically easy to do, no major headaches to be expected.

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• VirtualBox without X server

  - by nccc

  I want to run a guest operating system under a Linux host with VirtualBox, but I don't want to run from within X. I don't want a headless configuration, I don't want to run VirtualBox in the background, I don't want any remote protocols. I just want the guest OS to take control of my console (keyboard, mouse and monitor) and render to the framebuffer directly, not from within an X window. Is this possible?

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• Can an ESX server under heavy load cause cpu spikes on guest VM's?

  - by ReferentiallySeethru

  So we have a number of vm's running on an ESX 4.1 server for product testing. The ESX Server is at times under heavy load. We've been experiencing high CPU levels during some use cases, but we can't always duplicate this. If the ESX server as a whole is under heavy load could this cause guest machines to show high CPU usage? To ask it a different way, if the guest machines require more cpu resources than the server has, how does this affect CPU usage as indicated by the OS and process?

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• Hyper-V VM's cannot access Host resources, and vice-versa

  - by Agent

  I have several Hyper-V vm's running on this Win2008 R2 Server box, and up until a reboot of the host server, all the VM's were able to access shared folders on the host. Now, they can't even ping the host server. From what I've seen, I need to setup an Internal only network through Virtual Network Manager in Hyper-V. I set this up, then tried to enable the Microsoft Virtual Network Switch Protocol option in this Internal Only NIC, but I get popups saying: Your current selection will also disable the following features: Microsoft virtual network switch protocol Which is absolutely stupid, considering the protocol is what I'm ticking the checkbox to Enable! As of now, on the host, I have 2 NICs: Physical - This NIC on the host machine does have the MVNS protocol enabled Virtual Network Adapter - Created through Hyper-V Virtual Network Manager as an External type of network. Trying to enable MVNS on this NIC also produces the error above. I've tried enabling Client for Microsoft Networks on the physical NIC for IPv6, but everytime I do that, all the VMs lose Internet connectivity and I cannot RDP into them. Anything else I can try?

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