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• Collision detection in 3D space

  - by dreta

  I've got to write, what can be summed up as, a compelte 3D game from scratch this semester. Up untill now i have only programmed 2D games in my spare time, the transition doesn't seem tough, the game's simple. The only issue i have is collision detection. The only thing i could find was AABB, bounding spheres or recommendations of various physics engines. I have to program a submarine that's going to be moving freely inside of a cave system, AFAIK i can't use physics libraries, so none of the above solves my problem. Up untill now i was using SAT for my collision detection. Are there any similar, great algorithms, but crafted for 3D collision? I'm not talking about octrees, or other optimalizations, i'm talking about direct collision detection of one set of 3D polygons with annother set of 3D polygons. I thought about using SAT twice, project the mesh from the top and the side, but then it seems so hard to even divide 3D space into convex shapes. Also that seems like far too much computation even with octrees. How do proffessionals do it? Could somebody shed some light.

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• Height Map Mapping to "Chunked" Quadrilateralized Spherical Cube

  - by user3684950

  I have been working on a procedural spherical terrain generator for a few months which has a quadtree LOD system. The system splits the six faces of a quadrilateralized spherical cube into smaller "quads" or "patches" as the player approaches those faces. What I can't figure out is how to generate height maps for these patches. To generate the heights I am using a 3D ridged multi fractals algorithm. For now I can only displace the vertices of the patches directly using the output from the ridged multi fractals. I don't understand how I generate height maps that allow the vertices of a terrain patch to be mapped to pixels in the height map. The only thing I can think of is taking each vertex in a patch, plug that into the RMF and take that position and translate into u,v coordinates then determine the pixel position directly from the u,v coordinates and determine the grayscale color based on the height. I feel as if this is the right approach but there are a few other things that may further complicate my problem. First of all I intend to use "height maps" with a pixel resolution of 192x192 while the vertex "resolution" of each terrain patch is only 16x16 - meaning that I don't have any vertices to sample for the RMF for most of the pixels. The main reason the height map resolution is higher so that I can use it to generate a normal map (otherwise the height maps serve little purpose as I can just directly displace vertices as I currently am). I am pretty much following this paper very closely. This is, essentially, the part I am having trouble with. Using the cube-to-sphere mapping and the ridged multifractal algorithm previously described, a normalized height value ([0, 1]) is calculated. Using this height value, the terrain position is calculated and stored in the first three channels of the positionmap (RGB) – this will be used to calculate the normalmap. The fourth channel (A) is used to store the height value itself, to be used in the heightmap. The steps in the first sentence are my primary problem. I don't understand how the pixel positions correspond to positions on the sphere and what positions are sampled for the RMF to generate the pixels if only vertices cannot be used.

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• Algorithm for optimal control on space ship using accelerometer input data

  - by mm24

  Does someone have a good algorithm for controlling a space ship in a vertical shooter game using acceleration data? I have done a simple algorithm, but works very badly. I save an initial acceleration value (used to calibrate the movement according to the user's initial position) and I do subtract it from the current acceleration so I get a "calibrated" value. The problem is that basing the movement solely on relative acceleration has an effect of loss of sensitivity: certain movements are independent from the initial position. Would anyone be able to share a a better solution? I am wondering if I should use/integrate also inputs from gyroscope hardware. Here is my sample of code for a Cocos2d iOS game: - (void) accelerometer:(UIAccelerometer *)accelerometer didAccelerate:(UIAcceleration *)acceleration { if (calibrationLayer.visible){ [self evaluateCalibration:acceleration]; initialAccelleration=acceleration; return; } if([self evaluatePause]){ return; } ShooterScene * shooterScene = (ShooterScene *) [self parent]; ShipEntity *playerSprite = [shooterScene playerShip]; float accellerationtSensitivity = 0.5f; UIAccelerationValue xAccelleration = acceleration.x - initialAccelleration.x; UIAccelerationValue yAccelleration = acceleration.y - initialAccelleration.y; if(xAccelleration > 0.05 || xAccelleration < -0.05) { [playerSprite setPosition:CGPointMake(playerSprite.position.x + xAccelleration * 80, playerSprite.position.y + yAccelleration * 80)]; } else if(yAccelleration > 0.05 || yAccelleration < -0.05) { [playerSprite setPosition:CGPointMake(playerSprite.position.x + xAccelleration * 80, playerSprite.position.y + yAccelleration * 80)]; } }

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• Move projectile in direction the gun is facing

  - by Manderin87

  I am attempting to have a projectile follow the direction a gun is facing. When using the following code I am unable to make the projectile go in the right direction. float speed = .5f; float dX = (float) -Math.cos(Math.toRadians(degree)) * speed; float dY = (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(degree)) * speed; Can anyone tell me what I am doing wrong? The degree is the direction the gun is facing in degree's.

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• Component-based design: handling objects interaction

  - by Milo

  I'm not sure how exactly objects do things to other objects in a component based design. Say I have an Obj class. I do: Obj obj; obj.add(new Position()); obj.add(new Physics()); How could I then have another object not only move the ball but have those physics applied. I'm not looking for implementation details but rather abstractly how objects communicate. In an entity based design, you might just have: obj1.emitForceOn(obj2,5.0,0.0,0.0); Any article or explanation to get a better grasp on a component driven design and how to do basic things would be really helpful.

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• Demand for Pay-per-Use Software Pricing Will Force a Reassessment of the Industry's Framework

  IDC reports that SaaS and cloud computing models are feeding the demand for pay-per-use software pricing.

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• Entity Component System for HUD and GUI

  - by Jason L.

  This is a very rough sketch of how I currently have things designed. It should, at least, give an idea of how my ECS is currently designed. If you notice in that diagram, I have basically split the HUD out of the ECS. They have their own set of things (HudLayer, HudComponent, etc) and are handled differently. This is where I'm struggling, though. There are many different instances in which the HUD will need to know about entities. Not just data changing (I have an event dispatcher for that), but the actual entity and all it encompasses. There are also situations where entities will need to be able to query the HUD for data. Let's take a couple examples: First, my equipment screen. On here I can change the equipment on a character (Entity). In order for this to happen, I need to know about the entity. At least I think I do? How can I handle this? The second scenario involves my Systems needing to query a HudComponent for data. A specific example would be my battle system. Each "team" is given a 3x3 grid they can move around in. See here: Skills target these cells, and not the player, so I would need a way for my systems to determine which cells are occupied and which are not. Basically I need a way for two way communication between Systems and my HUD. I know it's recommended (by some people, anyways) to take your HUD out of the ECS. Is that appropriate in my case?

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• Queries regarding Geometry Shaders

  - by maverick9888

  I am dealing with geometry shaders using GL_ARB_geometry_shader4 extension. My code goes like : GLfloat vertices[] = { 0.5,0.25,1.0, 0.5,0.75,1.0, -0.5,0.75,1.0, -0.5,0.25,1.0, 0.6,0.35,1.0, 0.6,0.85,1.0, -0.6,0.85,1.0, -0.6,0.35,1.0 }; glProgramParameteriEXT(psId, GL_GEOMETRY_INPUT_TYPE_EXT, GL_TRIANGLES); glProgramParameteriEXT(psId, GL_GEOMETRY_OUTPUT_TYPE_EXT, GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP); glLinkProgram(psId); glBindAttribLocation(psId,0,"Position"); glEnableVertexAttribArray (0); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0, vertices); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP,0,4); My vertex shader is : #version 150 in vec3 Position; void main() { gl_Position = vec4(Position,1.0); } Geometry shader is : #version 150 #extension GL_EXT_geometry_shader4 : enable in vec4 pos[3]; void main() { int i; vec4 vertex; gl_Position = pos[0]; EmitVertex(); gl_Position = pos[1]; EmitVertex(); gl_Position = pos[2]; EmitVertex(); gl_Position = pos[0] + vec4(0.3,0.0,0.0,0.0); EmitVertex(); EndPrimitive(); } Nothing is rendered with this code. What exactly should be the mode in glDrawArrays() ? How does the GL_GEOMETRY_OUTPUT_TYPE_EXT parameter will affect glDrawArrays() ? What I expect is 3 vertices will be passed on to Geometry Shader and using those we construct a primitive of size 4 (assuming GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP requires 4 vertices). Can somebody please throw some light on this ?

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• JMonkeyEngine display a spatial in a Nifty GUI interface

  - by Yanick Rochon

  I want to display a spatial (or the rendering of a spatial/scene) in my HUD interface. I'm really not sure how to go with this. I have search the documentation, but all the queries I search yields no result, and all I could find about images is that one can specify one with the setBackgroundImage method in the builder and setImage from the ImageRenderer class. The latter takes a String or a NiftyImage, but I'm not sure how to create one without loading an image file. Any help to understand this (if even possible) is appreciated. Thanks!

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• How do I properly use multithreading with Nvidia PhysX?

  - by xcrypt

  I'm having a multithreading problem with Nvidia PhysX. the SDK requires that you call Simulate() (starts computing new physics positions within a new thread) and FetchResults() (waits 'till the physics computations are done). Inbetween Simulate() and FetchResults() you may not "compute new physics". It is proposed (in a sample) that we create a game loop as such: Logic (you may calculate physics here and other stuff) Render + Simulate() at start of Render call and FetchResults at end of Render() call However, this has given me various little errors that stack up: since you actually render the scene that was computed in the previous iteration in the game loop. Does anyone have a solution to this?

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• How to monetize and/or protect framework rights?

  - by Arthur Wulf White

  I made a game engine/framerwork for ActionScript 3 that allows very efficient and flexible level design for Platformers, Tower Defense game, RPG's, RTS and racing games. The algorithms I used are new and are not available in any other level editor I've seen. What are the best ways to benefit myself and others with my new framework? It is written for ActionScript 3 so unless I translate it to C# I'm guessing it will be decompiled and used by others. I want to have some lisence, allowing me to share the framework and still benefit from it. Any advice would be appreciated. This issue has been on my mind a lot this year. I am hoping to find a solution that will bring me some relief.

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• Rubik's cube array rotation

  - by Ace

  I'm about to make a 3D Rubik's cube based game in Flash AS3 and Away3d. I don't really know how to manage the 2D arrays of the Rubik's cube. For example, how do I rotate the corresponding arrays if I rotate a side, or just rotate a middle part? In this stage I also don't know how to rotate those smaller cube parts all together if a side is rotating. First I was thinking of "groups" ( like in sketchup or 3ds max, blender), but that would be tricky, because the group components would change every time. So I was thinking of just rotating each individual piece along a global axis. However, I just know the Away3d functions to rotate the cube of his local X , Y or Z axis, but how to rotate in global axis? Does anyone know of a algorithm for doing these types of rotations?

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• How do I know if my game's average game session time is too small?

  - by you786

  My game has only one life, and the aim is to stay alive as long as possible to get as many points as possible (it's an endless runner). Using Google Analytics I found that players are staying alive for an average of 17 seconds. I could easily increase or decrease this by manipulating acceleration or starting speed. The question is, should I change it at all? Is there any research or general ideas on the best playing time for a game like this? I would also like to know about any research about how long an ideal mobile game session should last.

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• MMORPG design for time-limited players

  - by Philipp

  I believe that there is a significant market of players who would enjoy the exploration and interaction aspects of MMORPGs, but simply don't have the time for the endless grinding marathons which are part of the average MMORPG. MMORPGs are all about interaction between players. But when different players have different amounts of time to invest into a game, those with less time to spend will soon lack behind their power-leveling friends and won't be able to interact with them anymore. One way to solve this would be to limit the progress a player can achieve per day, so that it simply doesn't make sense to play more than one or two hours a day. But even the busiest casual players sometimes like to spend a whole sunday afternoon playing a video game. Just stopping them after two hours would be really frustrating. It also creates a pressure to use the daily progress limit every day, because otherwise the player would feel like wasting something. This pressure would be detrimental for casual gamers. What else could be done to level the playing field between those players who play 40+ hours a week and those who can't play more than 10?

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• How can I factor momentum into my space sim?

  - by Josh Petite

  I am trying my hand at creating a simple 2d physics engine right now, and I'm running into some problems figuring out how to incorporate momentum into movement of a spaceship. If I am moving in a given direction at a certain velocity, I am able to currently update the position of my ship easily (Position += Direction * Velocity). However, if the ship rotates at all, and I recalculate the direction (based on the new angle the ship is facing), and accelerate in that direction, how can I take momentum into account to alter the "line" that the ship travels? Currently the ship changes direction instantaneously and continues at its current velocity in that new direction when I press the thrust button. I want it to be a more gradual turning motion so as to give the impression that the ship itself has some mass. If there is already a nice post on this topic I apologize, but nothing came up in my searches. Let me know if any more information is needed, but I'm hoping someone can easily tell me how I can throw mass * velocity into my game loop update.

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• Where is a good spot to start when writing a LWJGL game engine?

  - by Alcionic

  I'm starting work on a huge game and somewhere along my train of thought I decided it would be a good idea to write my own engine for the game. I was originally going to use JMonkeyEngine but there were some things about it that just didn't work well with me. I wanted full control over every aspect of the entire process. Where would a good place to start be when writing your own engine? I have no experience with LWJGL but I learn quick. Either advice or some place where there is good advice would be nice. Thanks!

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• XNA C# How to draw fonts in different color

  - by XNA newbie

  I'm doing a simple chat system with XNA C#. It is a chatbox that contains 5 lines of chat typed by the users. Something like a MMORPG chatting system. [User1name] says: Hi [User2name] says: Hello [User1name] says: What are you doing? [User2name] says: I'm fine [System] The time is now 1:03AM. When the user pressed 'ENTER', the text he entered will be added inside an ArrayList chatList.Add(s); For displaying the text he entered, I used for (int i = 0; i < chatList.Count(); i++) { spriteBatch.DrawString(font, chatList[i], new Vector2(40, arr1[i]), Color.Yellow); } *arr1[i] contains 5 y-axis points to print my 5 line of chats in the chatbox Question1: What if I have another type of message which will be added into ChatList (something like a system message). I need the System Message to be printed out in red color. And if the user keeps on chatting, the chat box will be updated according: (MAX 5 LINES) The newest chat will be shown below, and the oldest one will be deleted if they reached the max 5 lines. [User2name] says: Hello [User1name] says: What are you doing? [User2name] says: I'm fine [System] The time is now 1:03AM. [User1name] says: Ok, great to hear that! I'm having trouble to print each line color according to their msg type. For normal msg, it should be yellow. For system msg, it should be red. Question2: And for the next problem, I need the chat texts to be white color, while the names of the user is yellow (like warcraft3 chat system). How do I do that? I have a hard time thinking of a solution for these to work. Advise needed.

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• Beginning android games, 2nd edition engine

  - by Benjamin Stephen

  I recently bought the book from Apress and have worked my way through it, unfortunately, it seems to just be dealing with side scrolling games and not Zelda-like top down games. I was wondering if anyone out there can tell me if it's possible to use their engine to create such a game? It doesn't go into how to build a top down tile map. Using the engine in their book, how can I make a tile map easily that has walls and things like that? Any help would be appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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• Why doesn't my cube hold a position?

  - by Christian Frantz

  I gave up a previous method of creating cubes so I went with a list to hold my cube objects. The list is being populated from an array like so: #region MAP float[,] map = { {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0} }; #endregion MAP for (int x = 0; x < mapWidth; x++) { for (int z = 0; z < mapHeight; z++) { cubes.Add(new Cube(device, new Vector3(x, map[x,z], z), Color.Green)); } } The cube follows all the parameters of what I had before. This is just easier to deal with. But when I debug, every cube has a position of (0, 0, 0) and there's just one black cube in the middle of my screen. What could I be doing wrong here? public Vector3 cubePosition { get; set; } public Cube(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, Vector3 Position, Color color) { device = graphicsDevice; color = Color.Green; Position = cubePosition; SetUpIndices(); SetUpVerticesArray(); } That's the cube constructor. All variables are being passed correctly I think

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• Libgdx ParallaxScrolling and TiledMaps

  - by kirchhoff

  I implemented ParallaxScrolling for my SideScroller project, everything is working but the tiled map (the most important part!). I've been trying out everything but it doesn't work (see the code below). I'm using ParallaxCamera from GdxTests, it's working perfectly for the background layers. I can't explain myself properly in english, so I recorded 2 videos: Before parallaxScrolling After parallaxScrolling As you can see, now the platforms appear in the middle of the Y-axis. I've got a Map class with 2 tiled maps, so I need two renderers too: private TiledMapRenderer renderer1; private TiledMapRenderer renderer2; public void update(GameCamera camera) { renderer1.setView(camera.calculateParallaxMatrix(1f, 0f), camera.position.x - camera.viewportWidth / 2, **camera.position.y - camera.viewportHeight/2**, camera.viewportWidth, camera.viewportHeight); renderer2.setView(camera.calculateParallaxMatrix(1f, 0f), camera.position.x - camera.viewportWidth / 2, **camera.position.y - camera.viewportHeight/2**, camera.viewportWidth, camera.viewportHeight); } In bold, the code I think I should change. I've tried changing parameters, even adding hardcoded values, etc, but one of two: 1. Nothing happens. 2. Platforms disappear. Here is some aditional code. The render method: world.update(delta); parallaxBackground.update(camera); clear(0.5f, 0.7f, 1.0f, 1); batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.calculateParallaxMatrix(0, 0)); batch.disableBlending(); batch.begin(); batch.draw(background, -(int)background.getRegionWidth()/2, -(int)background.getRegionHeight()/2); batch.end(); batch.enableBlending(); parallaxBackground.draw(batch, camera); renderer.render(batch);

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• geomipmapping using displacement mapping (and glVertexAttribDivisor)

  - by Will

  I wake up with a clear vision, but sadly my laptop card doesn't do displacement mapping nor glVertexAttribDivisor so I can't test it out; I'm left sharing here: With geomipmapping, the grid at any factor is transposable - if you pass in an offset - say as a uniform - you can reuse the same vertex and index array again and again. If you also pass in the offset into the heightmap as a uniform, the vertex shader can do displacement mapping. If the displacement map is mipmapped, you get the advantages of trilinear filtering for distant maps. And, if the scenery is closer, rather than exposing that the you have a world made out of quads, you can use your transposable grid vertex array and indices to do vertex-shader interpolation (fancy splines) to do super-smooth infinite zoom? So I have some questions: does it work? In theory, in practice? does anyone do it? Does this technique have a name? Papers, demos, anything I can look at? does glVertexAttribDivisor mean that you can have a single glMultiDrawElementsEXT or similar approach to draw all your terrain tiles in one call rather than setting up the uniforms and emitting each tile? Would this offer any noticeable gains? does a heightmap that is GL_LUMINANCE take just one byte per pixel(=vertex)? (On mainstream cards, obviously. Does storage vary in practice?) Does going to the effort of reusing the same vertices and indices mean that you can basically fill the GPU RAM with heightmap and not a lot else, giving you either bigger landscapes or more detailed landscapes/meshes for the same bang? is mipmapping the displacement map going to work? On future cards? Is it going to introduce unsurmountable inaccuracies if it is enabled?

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• Using multiple indexes with buffer objects in OpenTK

  - by Rushyo

  I've got multiple buffers in OpenGL holding data on position, normals and texcoords. I also have an equal number of buffers holding distinct index data for each of those buffers. I quite like this format (indvidual indexes for each buffer) utilised by COLLADA since it strikes me as optimally efficient at accessing each buffer. I've set up pointers to the relevant data arrays using VertexPointer, NormalPointer, etc however I have no way to assign pointers to the index buffers since DrawElements appear to only look at one ElementArrayBuffer. Can I utilise multiple indices some way or will I be better off using a different technique which can support this? I'd prefer to keep the distinct indices if at all possible.

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• XNA frame rate spikes in full screen mode

  - by ProgrammerAtWork

  I'm loading a simple texture and rotating it in XNA, and this works. But when I run it in full screen 1920x1080 mode I see spikes while my texture is rotating. If I run it windowed with 1920x1080 resolution, I don't get the spikes. The size of the texture does not seem to matter, I tried 512 texture size and 2048 texture size, same thing happens. Spikes in full screen, no spikes in windowed, resolution does not seem to matter, Debug or Release does not seem to do anything either. Anyone got ideas of what could be the problem? Edit: I think this problem has something to do with the vertical retrace. Set this property: _graphicsDeviceManager.SynchronizeWithVerticalRetrace = false; you'll lose vsync but it will not stutter.

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• Alternatives to NSMutableArray for storing 2D grid - iOS Cocos2d

  - by SundayMonday

  I'm creating a grid-based iOS game using Cocos2d. Currently the grid is stored in an NSMutableArray that contains other NSMutableArrays (the latter are rows in the grid). This works ok and performance so far is pretty good. However the syntax feels bulky and the indexing isn't very elegant (using CGPoints, would prefer integer indices). I'm looking for an alternative. What are some alternatives data structures for 2D arrays in this situation? In my game it's very common to add and remove rows from the bottom of the grid. So the grid might start off 10x10, grow to 17x10, shrink to 8x10 and then finally end with 2x10. Note the column count is constant. I've consider using a vector<vector<Object*>>. Also I'm vaguely aware of some type of "fast array" or similar offered by Cocos2d. I'd just like to learn about best practices from other developers!

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• What methods should save/load a game state

  - by vedi

  There are a lot of articles about how to save a state of a game and they are pretty good. But I have one conceptual misunderstanding where should I save the state? My game has number of screens and pair of them are MainMenuScreen and MainSceneScreen these are inherited from Screen class. MainMenuScreen is shown at start of the game the MainSceneScreen little later. What is the problem? I navigated to MainSceneScreen, forced Android to stop the application (I change a language settings on the device to achieve it, please let me know if I'm wrong). After that I select the application again and I can see MainMenuScreen is shown. But I want MainSceneScreen to be shown. I suppose I should override resume method. But what class I should override? I have class PsGame that extends Game class of libgdx. I put breakpoints to its resume method and it turned out that method was not called. I investigated the problem and I've found little strange code in onResume method of AndroidApplication class of libgdx: if (!firstResume) graphics.resume(); else firstResume = false; My debugger said firstResume was true and didn't go to *graphics.resume()*line. Sorry for a lot of words but could you answer following question: What did I do wrong? What methods should I override? Thank you in advance.

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