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  • Standard Network Tiers in a Distributed N-Tier System

    Distributed N-Tier client/server architecture allows for segments of an application to be broken up and distributed across multiple locations on a network.  Listed below are standard tiers in a Distributed N-Tier System. End-User Client Tier The End-User Client is responsible for sending and receiving requests from web servers and other applications servers and translating the responses so that the End-User can interpret the data effectively. The primary roles for this tier are to communicate with servers and translate server responses back to the end-user to interpret. Business-Specific Functions Validate Data Display Data Send Data to Webserver Web Server Tier The Web server tier processes new requests for information coming in from the HTTP and HTTPS ports. This primarily handles the generation of user interfaces and calls the application server when needed to access Data and business logic when needed. Business-specific functions Send Data to application server Format Data for Display Validate Data Application Server Tier The application server stores and executes predefined business logic that is applied to various pieces of data as the business determines. The processed data is then returned back to the Webserver. Additionally, this server directly calls the database to obtain and store any data used by the system Business-Specific Functions Validate Data Process Data Send Data to Database Server Database Server Tier The Database Server is responsible for storing and returning all data need by the calling applications. The primary role for this this server is storage. Data is stored as needed and can be recalled at any point later in time. Business-Specific Functions Insert Data Delete Data Return Data to Application Server

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  • Subversion error: (405 Method Not Allowed) in response to MKCOL

    - by Sergio del Amo
    I am getting the following error while trying to commit a new directory addition. svn: Commit failed (details follow): svn: Server sent unexpected return value (405 Method Not Allowed) in response to MKCOL request for '.... I have never seen this error before. How can I fix this problem? Solution I managed to solve the problem: Delete the parent's directory of the folder giving the problem. Do SVN Update. A folder with the same name as the new one already existed in repository. Delete this folder. SVN commit. Copy the new folder, schedule for addition and SVN commit.

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  • google search engine

    - by kourosh
    I am working on a google box, something like this, http://mytwentyfive.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/byme/Google%20Search%20Appliances.jpg I am pointing the crawler to a folder where there are html files. before the crawler was crawling the files and indexing them but right now it finds the pattern or the folder but not following any html files within the folder. I have tried everything I could and know but, can't think of anything else. Can someone help? thanks

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  • Configuring permissions with Bastille

    - by Lucio
    I was using Bastille to improve the security of OS and I found the next question there I don't know if I should answer for YES or NOT: Questions: Would you like to set more restrictive permissions on the administration utilities? Explanation: In general, the default file permissions set by most vendors are fairly secure. To make them more secure, though, you can remove non-root user access to some administrator functions. If you choose this option, you'll be changing the permissions on some common system administration utilities so that they're not readable or executable by users other than root. These utilities (which include linuxconf, fsck, ipconfig, runlevel and portmap) are ones that most users could never have a need to access. This option will increase your system security, but there's a chance it will inconvenience your users. My users: When I installed Ubuntu I had create a user (admin), then I was able to create another user (people) but I cannot change the permissions of this user. Questions: The user there I am using like admin it's not the root, right? The effects of this option will affect to the two users (admin & people) or just to people?

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  • Burg Custom Icons work only with specific themes

    - by el10780
    I have made a custom icon for burg loader for my Lenovo Recovery Partition.I have made 3 icons : large_qdrive.png (128 X 128 pixels) small_qdrive.png (24 X 24 pixels) grey_qdrive.png (128 x 128 pixels) The .png icons that I created I made them using gimp from a qdrive.ico file that I found in the Lenovo Recovery Partition. I transferred the icons to the /boot/burg/themes/icons folder and I added to the class list of the grey,large,small and the hover files the following lines : -qdrive { image = "$$/large_qdrive.png" } in the large file -qdrive { image = "$$/small_qdrive.png" } in the small file -qdrive { image = "$$/grey_qdrive.png" } in the grey file -qdrive { image = "$$/grey_qdrive.png:$$/large_qdrive.png" } in the hover file I ran sudo update-burg and after that I modified the following line in the burg.cfg file : menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" --class windows --class os { to menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" --class qdrive --class os { and I also tried to change the title for the Lenovo Recovery Partition,so I tried this as well: menuentry "Lenovo Recovery Partition (on /dev/sda2)" --class qdrive --class os { None of this tries enforced actually burg loader to use the custom icon that I made and I can't figure out why. I have to mention also that there are a few themes that I have installed in burg which actually are able to use the small_qdrive.png icon that I made,but all the others which use either the large_qdrive.png or the grey_qdrive.png weren't able to use the custom icons. I have double checked for typos in all the files that I have created or I modified,so I am pretty sure that I haven't misspelled anything. I have checked also the title of the custom icons that I made and neither of them have a typo. I have looked also if there are any other folder that the themes might use to retrieve the icons,but it seems that all of them except for **Fortune** theme,which I downloaded from OMG!UBUNTU,use the icons folder which is located in /boot/burg/themes/icons I tried to add the custom icons to the icons folder of the theme **Fortune**,but still nothing happened.

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  • tomcat6 manager

    - by Bary W Pollack
    I've just installed Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Server with LAMP support. Tomcat6 seems to run ok. But, I am unable to get into the manager-webapp... I've updated the tomcat-users.xml file: <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <tomcat-users> <role rolename="tomcat"/> <role rolename="role1"/> <role rolename="manager"/> <role rolename="admin"/> <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,manager,admin"/> <user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/> <user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/> <user username="admin" password="admin" roles="manager,admin"/> </tomcat-users> But, no matter what I try, it keeps rejecting my username/password combo. What might I be missing?

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  • Preparing laptops for theft

    - by ccook
    With a number of laptops out there the likelihood of one being stolen is high. What methods, preferably free, can be used to secure the data on the computers? The laptops do not have any special hardware on them, and generally keep their user data in a dropbox folder. One small step taken is to have the the dropbox folder encrypted by Windows 7. Any additional suggestions are greatly appreciated. The data in the dropbox folder is sensitive.

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  • Apache won't follow Symlink

    - by Marvin Dickhaus
    I have a LAMP server (Ubuntu 12.10) setup on my development machine. It is a T60 modified with an SSD. The server base is in /var/www. Apache has the following config: DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews SymLinksIfOwnerMatch AllowOverride all Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> I'm currently developing a SilverStripe CMS featured site. The folder for the server is /var/www/sfk/. The framework and all cms relavant features are in their respective folders. The only folder that need to be modified would be the /var/www/sfk/mysite folder. Because of that I want to keep the mysite folder under my home directory and symlink it into the server folder. So here is what I've done: ln -s ~/sfk/mysite/ /var/www/sfk/ sudo chgrp www-data /var/www/sfk/mysite -R ls tells me the following: /var/www/sfk (exerpt) drwxr-xr-x 3 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 16:53 assets drwxr-xr-x 12 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 16:53 cms drwxr-xr-x 29 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 16:53 framework -rw-r--r-- 1 marvin www-data 2410 Nov 16 16:53 index.php lrwxrwxrwx 1 marvin www-data 24 Nov 20 17:45 mysite -> /home/marvin/sfk/mysite/ -rw-rw-r-- 1 marvin www-data 514 Nov 16 16:55 _ss_environment.php drwxr-xr-x 4 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 16:53 themes and ls /var/www/sfk/mysite/ drwxrwxr-x 6 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 00:15 code drwxrwxr-x 2 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 11:51 _config -rwxrwxr-x 1 marvin www-data 2685 Nov 16 15:39 _config.php drwxrwxr-x 2 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 00:15 css drwxrwxr-x 2 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 00:15 images drwxrwxr-x 2 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 00:15 javascript drwxrwxr-x 5 marvin www-data 4096 Nov 16 00:15 templates This is literally the same setup I have on my desktop machine. The problem I have is that the mysite/ folder is just not recognized. I'm thankful for every advice I get. I'm frustrated because I'm stuck with this issue for hours.

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  • Apache permission Problems

    - by swg1cor14
    Ok all my files and folders are set as owner of vsftpd:nogroup. FTP program can upload and create and do everything. But when I use the PHP command mkdir, I get a Permission Denied even though the folder its creating it in is set to chmod 777. IF i set the base folder to user www-data and group www-data, PHP mkdir will work. However, I can't use FTP to delete or upload to that folder. /uploads is base folder. I use PHP mkdir to create a directory in there: if (!is_dir($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/uploads/" . $_REQUEST['clientID'] . '/video/')) { @mkdir($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/uploads/" . $_REQUEST['clientID'] . '/video/', 0777); } If /uploads is vsftpd:nogroup then PHP mkdir will give a Permission Denied error. If /uploads is www-data:www-data then PHP mkdir WILL work, but I cant continue to FTP anything in that folder that was just created. If /uploads is vsftpd:www-data then PHP mkdir will give a Permission Denied error. How can I create a directory with PHP and still be able to access it via FTP?

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  • Customizing the windows server 2008 RDP login screen possible?

    - by moontear
    Hi, I'm working with RDP sessions quite frequently. As we work in teams and all use the same user account on a particular computer (I know...) I was wondering if there was a way to display from which computer (hostname, computername) the person is connecting. The login screen I get when two users are already connected looks like this (german): I'd love it, if the screen would display from where the logged in user is connecting e.g. "COMPUTER\user connected from MYCOMPUTERNAME". This way I would know whom to ask to disconnect so I can hop onto the session. If I remember correctly the login screen looked different for previous Windows versions including this connection information. Any way I can easily enable this or is this just standard windows behavior and there is no way to tell from where the user is connecting (btw: Task Manager shows the computername of the connected user).

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  • Plesk hosting on MediaTemple DV

    - by David
    Hi there, We have a MediaTemple dedicated virtual running Plesk. The problem we're having is that changing the permissions of files on the server to be writable by server owner (apache) is conflicting with the ability to upload and overwrite files via the FTP user. Here's an example, I upload a file from user "serverftp" and they own the new file in the httpdocs folder. I then change the permission of an image upload folder to the apache user to that I can upload images via a PHP script. Uploading or changing that folder with the serverftp user is then locked out. Speaking to tech support didn't get very far because there are some strange group permissions going on and it would involve me adding every single domain FTP user to the pcantl group or something similar. I'm wondering how I can easily change things so that I don't have this problem anymore.

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  • RESTful API design - should a PUT return related data?

    - by alexmcroberts
    I have an API which allows a user to update their system status; and a separate call to retrieve system status updates from other users. Would it make sense to unify them under a PUT request where a user would request a PUT update with their own status update, and they would receive the status updates of other users? My solution would allow the PUT request to call the GET request method internally. The reason behind this is that when a user updates their system status they should be informed of other users status immediately, and I don't feel that having 2 seperate requests is necessary - and should be optional. I intend to keep the GET request for other users status as a status update for a user is not necessarily required in order to retrieve other users status', but once they update their own status is it vital that they get information about other users.

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  • Backing up data from server to laptop ?

    - by Patrick
    I need a tool to automatically backup my Drupal installations from my server to my laptop. In other terms, I need to copy 1 folder (all my Drupals are inside this folder) and all databases. So I was wondering if I just need to write a script on my laptop connecting to the server every week copying the folder with all mysql databases informing me by email if the backup has been succesfull do you know if I can find some tutorial for it ? or download such script ? thanks

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  • understanding mount -o bind

    - by Ionut
    Few questions after the following commands: mount -o bind /new_disk/home/user/ /home/user/ mount -o bind --no-mtab /new_disk/home/user/ /home/user/ What is the difference between the two commands other than " Mount without writing in /etc/mtab. This is necessary for example when /etc is on a read-only filesystem." What is the difference between mount -o bind and mount --bind ...if there are Let's suppose i don't know there is a partition mounted using -o bind --no-mtab...where can I find if there is any mound point with bind ? The only way i can detect this is grep user /proc/mounts but in that line there is no info abut bind. Thank you.

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  • Error accessing other groups files in apache

    - by Shashank Jain
    I am using Cloud9 IDE on my server, which creates files with default permission 640. As a result when I try to open those file via HTTP, apache shows permission denied error. When IDE is running as root user, files created belong to root:root. Also, when I see as what user is apache running, all its processes are shown to be running as root user. I cannot understand why still it cannot access files. I know if I add apache's user to group of file owner, it will work. But, I don't know which user to add. PS: I don't want to change permission of each file I create. I want less troubling solution.

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  • Should you always pass the bare minimum data needed into a function

    - by Anders Holmström
    Let's say I have a function IsAdmin that checks whether a user is an admin. Let's also say that the admin checking is done by matching user id, name and password against some sort of rule (not important). In my head there are then two possible function signatures for this: public bool IsAdmin(User user); public bool IsAdmin(int id, string name, string password); I most often go for the second type of signature, thinking that: The function signature gives the reader a lot more info The logic contained inside the function doesn't have to know about the User class It usually results in slightly less code inside the function However I sometimes question this approach, and also realize that at some point it would become unwieldy. If for example a function would map between ten different object fields into a resulting bool I would obviously send in the entire object. But apart from a stark example like that I can't see a reason to pass in the actual object. I would appreciate any arguments for either style, as well as any general observations you might offer. I program in both object oriented and functional styles, so the question should be seen as regarding any and all idioms.

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  • Session Tracking - Advantages and Disadvantages

    I use to work for a major internet company that sold Dental Plans to customers through their large customer-driven websiteto consumers. They start tracking their users as soon as they hit their web servers, and then they log everything they can about the user. There are a lot of benefits for using session tracking for both the user and the website. Users can benefit from session tracking due to the fact that a website can retain pertaining information for the user so that they do not have to re-enter the same information repeatedly. In addition, websites can hold specific items in a cart for each user so that they can pay for all of their  items at once when they are ready to complete their purchases. Websites can also benefit from session tracking because they can determine where a specific user came from and which advertising partner gave them a sale. This information is very useful when deciding on where to spend an advertising budget. There is only one real disadvantage when it comes to session tracking, Users can not really control what is actually tracked by a website. Yes, they can disable cookies and this will help, but that means that no tracking can be done at all. Most sites require users to have cookies enabled in order for users to make purchases or login to their accounts.  

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  • OAuth2 vs Public API

    - by Adam Tannon
    My understanding of OAuth (2.0) is that its a software stack and protocol to allow 2+ web apps to share information about a single end user. User A is a member of Site B and Site C; Site B wants to fetch some data from Site C about User A, and this is where OAuth steps in. So first off, if this assessment is incorrect, please begin by clarifying this for me and correcting me! Assuming I'm on the right track, then I guess I'm not seeing the need for OAuth to begin with (!). I'm sure I'm just not seeing the "forest through the trees" here, but the way I see it, couldn't Site C just expose a public API that Site B could use to fetch the same data (sans OAuth)? If Site C required user credentials to access the data, could this public API just use HTTPS for secure transport and require username/password as a part of each API call? Again, I'm sure I'm missing something, but I'm just not understanding why I would need OAuth when a secure, public API written and exposed by Site C seems more than capable of delivering what Site B needs regarding User A. In general, I'm looking for a set of guidelines to go by when deciding to choose between using OAuth for my web apps or just writing my own web service ( exposing public API). Thanks in advance!

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  • Create a kind of Interface c++ [migrated]

    - by Liuka
    I'm writing a little 2d rendering framework with managers for input and resources like textures and meshes (for 2d geometry models, like quads) and they are all contained in a class "engine" that interacts with them and with a directX class. So each class have some public methods like init or update. They are called by the engine class to render the resources, create them, but a lot of them should not be called by the user: //in pseudo c++ //the textures manager class class TManager { private: vector textures; .... public: init(); update(); renderTexture(); //called by the "engine class" loadtexture(); gettexture(); //called by the user } class Engine { private: Tmanager texManager; public: Init() { //initialize all the managers } Render(){...} Update(){...} Tmanager* GetTManager(){return &texManager;} //to get a pointer to the manager //if i want to create or get textures } In this way the user, calling Engine::GetTmanager will have access to all the public methods of Tmanager, including init update and rendertexture, that must be called only by Engine inside its init, render and update functions. So, is it a good idea to implement a user interface in the following way? //in pseudo c++ //the textures manager class class TManager { private: vector textures; .... public: init(); update(); renderTexture(); //called by the "engine class" friend class Tmanager_UserInterface; operator Tmanager_UserInterface*(){return reinterpret_cast<Tmanager_UserInterface*>(this)} } class Tmanager_UserInterface : private Tmanager { //delete constructor //in this class there will be only methods like: loadtexture(); gettexture(); } class Engine { private: Tmanager texManager; public: Init() Render() Update() Tmanager_UserInterface* GetTManager(){return texManager;} } //in main function //i need to load a texture //i always have access to Engine class engine-GetTmanger()-LoadTexture(...) //i can just access load and get texture; In this way i can implement several interface for each object, keeping visible only the functions i (and the user) will need. There are better ways to do the same?? Or is it just useless(i dont hide the "framework private functions" and the user will learn to dont call them)? Before i have used this method: class manager { public: //engine functions userfunction(); } class engine { private: manager m; public: init(){//call manager init function} manageruserfunciton() { //call manager::userfunction() } } in this way i have no access to the manager class but it's a bad way because if i add a new feature to the manager i need to add a new method in the engine class and it takes a lot of time. sorry for the bad english.

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  • Nginx Rewrite Convert Querystring to Path

    - by YardenST
    I whould like this simple rewrite rule: /somefolder/mypage.aspx?myid=4343&tab=overview to be redirected to: /folder/4343/overview/ I looked for some solutions and none actually worked.. I tried: rewrite ^/somefolder/mypage.aspx?myid=(.*)&tab=overview$ /folder/$1/overview permanent; and rewrite ^/somefolder/mypage\.aspx\?myid=(.*)&tab=overview$ /folder/$1/overview permanent; What am I doing wrong? I'm getting 404 (simpler rules works just fine..) Thanks

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  • SQL Server 2008 R2 Replication log reader could not execute sp_replcmds

    - by user49352
    This log reader agent worked perfectly for several months until the user referenced in the error was removed from the domain. After that time the error 'The process could not execute 'sp_replcmds' on 'SERVER'' was received with more detail 'Could not obtain information about Windows NT group/user' that referenced said user. This user was referenced nowhere in the the log reader agent other than the Publication Access List from which it was subsequenctly removed. The agent would still not successfully start up. The simple problem here, I believe, is that the log reader agent was created under that user and that no longer exists in the domain. Is there an 'owner' somewhere that needs to be changed? Every other function on the database continues to execute successfully. Any other help or thought would be appreciated.

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  • How to disable automatic login?

    - by iammilind
    I was playing around with "User accounts" and somehow set automatic login. Now, when I start my PC, it just has one button named as "login". Clicking that button, directly logs me in to my PC. There is no music or no asking for password while logging in. As a side effect, it asks me separately for keyring password How to disable auto login and make login/keyring password unified again like before? NOTE: Attempting to disable Automatic Login from System Settings User Accounts does not work. This is the content of my /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf (where I have commented the autologin for my username mgandhi): [SeatDefaults] greeter-session=unity-greeter user-session=ubuntu #autologin-user=mgandhi

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  • SQL Server NETWORK SERVICE account permissions

    - by RemotecUk
    My SQL Server Windows service is set to use the NETWORK SERVICE account. The server is installed to C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL. However looking at the permissions on that folder, NETWORK SERVICE does not have any permissions. The groups which are allowed access to that folder are... CREATOR OWNER - who is this? SYSTEM - sounds fine - so that Windows can access the folder I presume? SQLServerMSSQLUser$Computer_Name$MSSQLSERVER - this is the interesting one - what is this? Administrators Users If NETWORK SERVICE is a user with minimal permissions on the system and looks to the O/S as someone connecting from a network how does it have permissions to access any files in the SQL Server install folder? Thanks.

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  • Why does tomcat-admin install require adding admin and manager to tomcat-users.xml manually?

    - by J G
    I installed tomcat6 on lucid using apt-get. All working. I installed tomcat-admin. Not working. I amended the /etc/tomcat6/tomcat-users.xml file to uncomment the users and roles (from the default) to be like the following: <role rolename="tomcat"/> <role rolename="role1"/> <user username="tomcat" password="password" roles="tomcat"/> <user username="both" password="password" roles="tomcat,role1"/> <user username="role1" password="password" roles="role1"/> This still didn't work. Then from the following page I added. <role rolename="manager"/> <user username="admin" password="secret" roles="manager"/> then it worked. Why doesn't this occur as part of the install? (Why isn't this in the Ubuntu Manual on Tomcat ?)

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  • oddities in interference of linux extened ACLs and 'regular' permissions

    - by abbot
    I've got some legacy code which checks that some file is read-only and readable only by it's owner, i.e. permissions set to 0400. I also need to give read-only access to this file to some other user on the system. I'm trying to set extended ACLs, but this changes 'regular' permission bits in a strange way also: $ ls -l hostkey.pem -r-------- 1 root root 0 Jun 7 23:34 hostkey.pem $ setfacl -m user:apache:r hostkey.pem $ getfacl hostkey.pem # file: hostkey.pem # owner: root # group: root user::r-- user:apache:r-- group::--- mask::r-- other::--- $ ls -l hostkey.pem -r--r-----+ 1 root root 0 Jun 7 23:34 hostkey.pem And after this the legacy code starts complaining that the file is group-readable (while it is actually not!) Is it possible to set the extended ACLs in such a way that some other user will also have read-only access, while the file will appear to have only 0400 'regular' permissions?

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