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• SQL Server PowerShell Provider follows the Version of PowerShell on the Host and other errata

  - by BuckWoody

  There may be some misunderstanding on how the PowerShell Provider for SQL Server works. I’ve written an article or two explaining that you can use PowerShell with SQL Server, without having the SQL Server 2008 (or higher) provider around. After all, PowerShell just uses .NET, and SQL Server “Server Management Objects” or SMO listen to that interface as well. In SQL Server 2008 and higher we created a “MiniShell” for PowerShell that gives you the ability to treat a SQL Server Instance as a drive (called a “Provider” or path or drive) and a few commands (called command-lets). Using these two simple constructs you can move around SQL Server quickly and work with the objects it holds. I read the other day where someone stated that we had “re-compiled” PowerShell, so that you would have version 1.0 from SQL Server and 2.0 on your new server. Not so! Drop to a SQLPS prompt and a PowerShell prompt and type this in each: $PSVersionTable They should return the same value. You can think of a MiniShell as simply a compiled “profile” that gives you those providers and command-lets automatically – that’s all. In fact, you can load the SMO libraries yourself without the SQL Server 2008 Provider anywhere in sight. I do this all the time, since the MiniShell also has other restrictions. Also remember that if you run a PowerShell script as a SQL Agent Job step type (in 2008 and higher) that you’re running under the context of the account that starts Agent – I think most folks know this, but it’s good to keep in mind. There’s a re-written section of Books Online that goes over working with this very nicely – also covers the question “How to I connect to another server using the SQL Server PowerShell Provider” (hint: It’s just CD) and “How do I load all the SMO stuff if I don’t want to use the Provider” and more. Be sure and check out the note at the bottom that explains the firewall exceptions you’ll need to enable to CD to that remote server. Here’s that link: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc281947.aspx Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Microsoft guarantees the performance of SQL Server

  - by simonsabin

  I have recently been informed that Microsoft will be guaranteeing the performance of SQL Server. Yes thats right Microsoft will guarantee that you will get better performance out of SQL Server that any other competitor system. However on the flip side there are also saying that end users also have to guarantee the performance of SQL Server if they want to use the next release of SQL Server targeted for 2011 or 2012. It appears that a recent recruit Mark Smith from Newcastle, England will be heading a new team that will be making sure you are running SQL Server on adequate hardware and making sure you are developing your applications according to best practices. The Performance Enforcement Team (SQLPET) will be a global group headed by mark that will oversee two other groups the existing Customer Advisory Team (SQLCAT) and another new team the Design and Operation Group (SQLDOG). Mark informed me that the team was originally thought out during Yukon and was going to be an independent body that went round to customers making sure they didn’t suffer performance problems. However it was felt that they needed to wait a few releases until SQL Server was really there. The original Yukon Independent Performance Enhancement Team (YIPET) has now become the SQL Performance Enforcement Team (SQLPET). When challenged about the change from enhancement to enforcement Mark was unwilling to comment. An anonymous source suggested that "..Microsoft is sick of the bad press SQL Server gets for performance when the performance problems are normally down to people developing applications badly and using inadequate hardware..." Its true that it is very easy to install and run SQL, unlike other RDMS systems and the flip side is that its also easy to get into performance problems due to under specified hardware and bad design. Its not yet confirmed if this enforcement will apply to all SKUs or just the high end ones. I would personally welcome some level of architectural and hardware advice service that clients would be able to turn to, in order to justify getting the appropriate hardware at the start of a project and not 1 year in when its often too late.

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• SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Part 2

  - by SQLOS Team

  Part 1 of this series was an introduction and overview of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory. This part looks at SQL Server memory management and how the SQL engine responds to changing OS memory conditions.   Part 2: SQL Server Memory Management As with any Windows process, sqlserver.exe has a virtual address space (VAS) of 4GB on 32-bit and 8TB in 64-bit editions. Pages in its VAS are mapped to pages in physical memory when the memory is committed and referenced for the first time. The collection of VAS pages that have been recently referenced is known as the Working Set. How and when SQL Server allocates virtual memory and grows its working set depends on the memory model it uses. SQL Server supports three basic memory models:   1. Conventional Memory Model   The Conventional model is the default SQL Server memory model and has the following properties: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in response to load and external (operating system) memory conditions. - OS uses 4K pages – (not to be confused with SQL Server “pages” which are 8K regions of committed memory).- Pageable - Can be paged out to disk by the operating system.   2. Locked Page Model The locked page memory model is set when SQL Server is started with "Lock Pages in Memory" privilege*. It has the following characteristics: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in the same way as the Conventional model.- OS uses 4K pages - Non-Pageable – When memory is committed it is locked in memory, meaning that it will remain backed by physical memory and will not be paged out by the operating system. A common misconception is to interpret "locked" as non-dynamic. A SQL Server instance using the locked page memory model will grow and shrink (allocate memory and release memory) in response to changing workload and OS memory conditions in the same way as it does with the conventional model.   This is an important consideration when we look at Hyper-V Dynamic Memory – “locked” memory works perfectly well with “dynamic” memory.   * Note in “Denali” (Standard Edition and above), and in SQL 2008 R2 64-bit (Enterprise and above editions) the Lock Pages in Memory privilege is all that is required to set this model. In 2008 R2 64-Bit standard edition it also requires trace flag 845 to be set, in 2008 R2 32-bit editions it requires sp_configure 'awe enabled' 1.   3. Large Page Model The Large page model is set using trace flag 834 and potentially offers a small performance boost for systems that are configured with large pages. It is characterized by: - Static - memory is allocated at startup and does not change. - OS uses large (>2MB) pages - Non-Pageable The large page model is supported with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory (and Hyper-V also supports large pages), but you get no benefit from using Dynamic Memory with this model since SQL Server memory does not grow or shrink. The rest of this article will focus on the locked and conventional SQL Server memory models.   When does SQL Server grow? For “dynamic” configurations (Conventional and Locked memory models), the sqlservr.exe process grows – allocates and commits memory from the OS – in response to a workload. As much memory is allocated as is required to optimally run the query and buffer data for future queries, subject to limitations imposed by:   - SQL Server max server memory setting. If this configuration option is set, the buffer pool is not allowed to grow to more than this value. In SQL Server 2008 this value represents single page allocations, and in “Denali” it represents any size page allocations and also managed CLR procedure allocations.   - Memory signals from OS. The operating system sets a signal on memory resource notification objects to indicate whether it has memory available or whether it is low on available memory. If there is only 32MB free for every 4GB of memory a low memory signal is set, which continues until 64MB/4GB is free. If there is 96MB/4GB free the operating system sets a high memory signal. SQL Server only allocates memory when the high memory signal is set.   To summarize, for SQL Server to grow you need three conditions: a workload, max server memory setting higher than the current allocation, high memory signals from the OS.    When does SQL Server shrink caches? SQL Server as a rule does not like to return memory to the OS, but it will shrink its caches in response to memory pressure. Memory pressure can be divided into “internal” and “external”.   - External memory pressure occurs when the operating system is running low on memory and low memory signals are set. The SQL Server Resource Monitor checks for low memory signals approximately every 5 seconds and it will attempt to free memory until the signals stop.   To free memory SQL Server does the following: ·         Frees unused memory. ·         Notifies Memory Manager Clients to release memory o   Caches – Free unreferenced cache objects. o   Buffer pool - Based on oldest access times.   The freed memory is released back to the operating system. This process continues until the low memory resource notifications stop.    - Internal memory pressure occurs when the size of different caches and allocations increase but the SQL Server process needs to keep its total memory within a target value. For example if max server memory is set and certain caches are growing large, it will cause SQL to free memory for re-use internally, but not to release memory back to the OS. If you lower the value of max server memory you will generate internal memory pressure that will cause SQL to release memory back to the OS.    Memory pressure handling has not changed much since SQL 2005 and it was described in detail in a blog post by Slava Oks.   Note that SQL Server Express is an exception to the above behavior. Unlike other editions it does not assume it is the most important process running on the system but tries to be more “desktop” friendly. It will empty its working set after a period of inactivity.   How does SQL Server respond to changing OS memory?    In SQL Server 2005 support for Hot-Add memory was introduced. This feature, available in Enterprise and above editions, allows the server to make use of any extra physical memory that was added after SQL Server started. Being able to add physical memory when the system is running is limited to specialized hardware, but with the Hyper-V Dynamic Memory feature, when new memory is allocated to a guest virtual machine, it looks like hot-add physical memory to the guest. What this means is that thanks to the hot-add memory feature, SQL Server 2005 and higher can dynamically grow if more “physical” memory is granted to a guest VM by Hyper-V dynamic memory.   SQL Server checks OS memory every second and dynamically adjusts its “target” (based on available OS memory and max server memory) accordingly.   In “Denali” Standard Edition will also have sqlserver.exe support for hot-add memory when running virtualized (i.e. detecting and acting on Hyper-V Dynamic Memory allocations).   How does a SQL Server workload in a guest VM impact Hyper-V dynamic memory scheduling?   When a SQL workload causes the sqlserver.exe process to grow its working set, the Hyper-V memory scheduler will detect memory pressure in the guest VM and add memory to it. SQL Server will then detect the extra memory and grow according to workload demand. In our tests we have seen this feedback process cause a guest VM to grow quickly in response to SQL workload - we are still working on characterizing this ramp-up.    How does SQL Server respond when Hyper-V removes memory from a guest VM through ballooning?   If pressure from other VM's cause Hyper-V Dynamic Memory to take memory away from a VM through ballooning (allocating memory with a virtual device driver and returning it to the host OS), Windows Memory Manager will page out unlocked portions of memory and signal low resource notification events. When SQL Server detects these events it will shrink memory until the low memory notifications stop (see cache shrinking description above).    This raises another question. Can we make SQL Server release memory more readily and hence behave more "dynamically" without compromising performance? In certain circumstances where the application workload is predictable it may be possible to have a job which varies "max server memory" according to need, lowering it when the engine is inactive and raising it before a period of activity. This would have limited applicaability but it is something we're looking into.   What Memory Management changes are there in SQL Server “Denali”?   In SQL Server “Denali” (aka SQL11) the Memory Manager has been re-written to be more efficient. The main changes are summarized in this post. An important change with respect to Hyper-V Dynamic Memory support is that now the max server memory setting includes any size page allocations and managed CLR procedure allocations it now represents a closer approximation to total sqlserver.exe memory usage. This makes it easier to calculate a value for max server memory, which becomes important when configuring virtual machines to work well with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Startup and Maximum RAM settings.   Another important change is no more AWE or hot-add support for 32-bit edition. This means if you're running a 32-bit edition of Denali you're limited to a 4GB address space and will not be able to take advantage of dynamically added OS memory that wasn't present when SQL Server started (though Hyper-V Dynamic Memory is still a supported configuration).   In part 3 we’ll develop some best practices for configuring and using SQL Server with Dynamic Memory. Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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• Nokogiri pull parser (Nokogiri::XML::Reader) issue with self closing tag

  - by Vlad Zloteanu

  I have a huge XML(400MB) containing products. Using a DOM parser is therefore excluded, so i tried to parse and process it using a pull parser. Below is a snippet from the each_product(&block) method where i iterate over the product list. Basically, using a stack, i transform each <product> ... </product> node into a hash and process it. while (reader.read) case reader.node_type #start element when Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE elem_name = reader.name.to_s stack.push([elem_name, {}]) #text element when Nokogiri::XML::Node::TEXT_NODE, Nokogiri::XML::Node::CDATA_SECTION_NODE stack.last[1] = reader.value #end element when Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_DECL return if stack.empty? elem = stack.pop parent = stack.last if parent.nil? yield(elem[1]) elem = nil next end key = elem[0] parent_childs = parent[1] # ... parent_childs[key] = elem[1] end The issue is on self-closing tags (EG <country/>), as i can not make the difference between a 'normal' and a 'self-closing' tag. They both are of type Nokogiri::XML::Node::ELEMENT_NODE and i am not able to find any other discriminator in the documentation. Any ideas on how to solve this issue?

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• Getting ActiveRecord (Rails) to_xml to use xsi:nil and xsi:type instead of nil and type

  - by nbeyer

  The default behavior of XML serialization (to_xml) for ActiveRecord objects will emit 'type' and 'nil' attributes that are similar to XML Schema Instance attributes, but aren't set in a XML Namespace. For example, a model might produce an output like this: <user> <username nil="true" /> <first-name type="string">Name</first-name> </user> Is there anyway to get to_xml to utilize the XML Schema Instance namespace and prefix the attributes and the values? Using the above example, I'd like to produce the following: <user xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema"> <username xsi:nil="true" /> <first-name xsi:type="xs:string">Name</first-name> </user>

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• XML Attributes or Element Nodes?

  - by Camsoft

  Example XML using element nodes: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <users> <user> <name>David Smith</name> <phone>0441 234443</phone> <email>[email protected]</email> <addresses> <address> <street>1 Some Street</street> <town>Toy Town</town> <country>UK</country> </address> <address> <street>5 New Street</street> <town>Lego City</town> <country>US</country> </address> </addresses> </user> </users> Example XML using attributes: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <users> <user name="David Smith" phone="0441 234443" email="[email protected]"> <addresses> <address street="1 Some Street" town="Toy Town" country="UK" /> <address street="5 New Street" town="Lego City" country="US" /> </addresses> </user> </users> I'm needing to build an XML file based on data from a relation database and can't work out whether I should use attributes or elements. What is best practice when building XML files?

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• XML Schema Migration

  - by Corwin Joy

  I am working on a project where we need to save data in an XML format. The problem is, over time we expect the format / schema for our data to change. What we want to be able to do is to produce scripts to migrate our data across different schema versions. We distribute our product to thousands of customers so we need to be able to run / apply these scripts at customer sites (so we can't just do the conversions by hand). I think that what we are looking for is some kind of XML data migration tool. In my mind the ideal tool could: Do an "XML diff" of two schema to identify added/deleted/changed nodes. Allow us to specify transformation functions. So, for example, we might add a new element to our schema that is a function of the old elements. (E.g. a new element C where C = A+B, A + B are old elements). So I think I am looking for a kind of XML diff and patch tool which can also apply transformation functions. One tool I am looking at for this is Altova's MapForce . I'm sure others here have had to deal with XML data format migration. How did you handle it? Edit: One point of clarification. The "diff" I plan to do is on the schema or .xsd files. The actual changes will be made to particular data sets that follow a given schema. These data sets will be .xml files. So its a "diff" of the schema to help figure out what changes need to be made to data sets to migrate them from one scheme to another.

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• XML validation error when using multiple schema files/namespaces

  - by user129609

  Hi, I've been reading a ton about xml and learning a lot but I am stuck on one error. I have a schema defined in multiple files and I can't get it to work. Here is an example ================================== libraryBooks.xsd <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="urn:MyNamespace" targetNamespace="urn:MyNamespace" elementFormDefault="qualified" > <xsd:element name="libraryBooks" type="libraryBooksType"/> <xsd:complexType name="libraryBooksType"> <xsd:sequence> <xsd:any minOccurs="0"/> </xsd:sequence> <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> ================================== book.xsd <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="urn:MyNamespace2" targetNamespace="urn:MyNamespace2" elementFormDefault="qualified" > <xsd:element name="book" type="booksType"/> <xsd:complexType name="bookType"> <xsd:attribute name="title" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:complexType> </xsd:schema> ================================== myXml.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <libraryBooks xmlns="urn:MyNamespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:MyNamespace file:///C:/libraryBooks.xsd" name="CentralLibrary"> <mn2:book xmlns:mn2="file:///C:/book.xsd" title="How to make xml work the way I want"> </mn2:book> </libraryBooks> So the error I get would be "The 'file:///C:/book.xsd:book' element is not found". Any ideas? I'm almost certain it is something simple

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• Cascading Deletes in SQL Sever 2008 not working.

  - by Vaccano

  I have the following table setup. Bag | +-> BagID (Guid) +-> BagNumber (Int) BagCommentRelation | +-> BagID (Int) +-> CommentID (Guid) BagComment | +-> CommentID (Guid) +-> Text (varchar(200)) BagCommentRelation has Foreign Keys to Bag and BagComment. So, I turned on cascading deletes for both those Foreign Keys, but when I delete a bag, it does not delete the Comment row. Do need to break out a trigger for this? Or am I missing something? (I am using SQL Server 2008) Note: Posting requested SQL. This is the defintion of the BagCommentRelation table. (I had the type of the bagID wrong (I thought it was a guid but it is an int).) CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Bag_CommentRelation]( [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [BagId] [int] NOT NULL, [Sequence] [int] NOT NULL, [CommentId] [int] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_Bag_CommentRelation] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [BagId] ASC, [Sequence] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Bag_CommentRelation] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Bag_CommentRelation_Bag] FOREIGN KEY([BagId]) REFERENCES [dbo].[Bag] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Bag_CommentRelation] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_Bag_CommentRelation_Bag] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Bag_CommentRelation] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Bag_CommentRelation_Comment] FOREIGN KEY([CommentId]) REFERENCES [dbo].[Comment] ([CommentId]) ON DELETE CASCADE GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Bag_CommentRelation] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_Bag_CommentRelation_Comment] GO The row in this table deletes but the row in the comment table does not.

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• Manage SQL Server Connectivity through Windows Azure Virtual Machines Remote PowerShell

  - by SQLOS Team

  Manage SQL Server Connectivity through Windows Azure Virtual Machines Remote PowerShell Blog This blog post comes from Khalid Mouss, Senior Program Manager in Microsoft SQL Server. Overview The goal of this blog is to demonstrate how we can automate through PowerShell connecting multiple SQL Server deployments in Windows Azure Virtual Machines. We would configure TCP port that we would open (and close) though Windows firewall from a remote PowerShell session to the Virtual Machine (VM). This will demonstrate how to take the advantage of the remote PowerShell support in Windows Azure Virtual Machines to automate the steps required to connect SQL Server in the same cloud service and in different cloud services.  Scenario 1: VMs connected through the same Cloud Service 2 Virtual machines configured in the same cloud service. Both VMs running different SQL Server instances on them. Both VMs configured with remote PowerShell turned on to be able to run PS and other commands directly into them remotely in order to re-configure them to allow incoming SQL connections from a remote VM or on premise machine(s). Note: RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) is kept configured in both VMs by default to be able to remote connect to them and check the connections to SQL instances for demo purposes only; but not actually required. Step 1 – Provision VMs and Configure Ports   Provision VM1; named DemoVM1 as follows (see examples screenshots below if using the portal):   Provision VM2 (DemoVM2) with PowerShell Remoting enabled and connected to DemoVM1 above (see examples screenshots below if using the portal): After provisioning of the 2 VMs above, here is the default port configurations for example: Step2 – Verify / Confirm the TCP port used by the database Engine By the default, the port will be configured to be 1433 – this can be changed to a different port number if desired.   1. RDP to each of the VMs created below – this will also ensure the VMs complete SysPrep(ing) and complete configuration 2. Go to SQL Server Configuration Manager -> SQL Server Network Configuration -> Protocols for <SQL instance> -> TCP/IP - > IP Addresses   3. Confirm the port number used by SQL Server Engine; in this case 1433 4. Update from Windows Authentication to Mixed mode   5.       Restart SQL Server service for the change to take effect 6.       Repeat steps 3., 4., and 5. For the second VM: DemoVM2 Step 3 – Remote Powershell to DemoVM1 Enter-PSSession -ComputerName condemo.cloudapp.net -Port 61503 -Credential <username> -UseSSL -SessionOption (New-PSSessionOption -SkipCACheck -SkipCNCheck) Your will then be prompted to enter the password. Step 4 – Open 1433 port in the Windows firewall netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="DemoVM1Port" dir=in localport=1433 protocol=TCP action=allow Output: netsh advfirewall firewall show rule name=DemoVM1Port Rule Name:                            DemoVM1Port ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Enabled:                              Yes Direction:                            In Profiles:                             Domain,Private,Public Grouping:                             LocalIP:                              Any RemoteIP:                             Any Protocol:                             TCP LocalPort:                            1433 RemotePort:                           Any Edge traversal:                       No Action:                               Allow Ok. Step 5 – Now connect from DemoVM2 to DB instance in DemoVM1 Step 6 – Close port 1433 in the Windows firewall netsh advfirewall firewall delete rule name=DemoVM1Port Output: Deleted 1 rule(s). Ok. netsh advfirewall firewall show  rule name=DemoVM1Port No rules match the specified criteria.   Step 7 – Try to connect from DemoVM2 to DB Instance in DemoVM1  Because port 1433 has been closed (in step 6) in the Windows Firewall in VM1 machine, we can longer connect from VM3 remotely to VM1. Scenario 2: VMs provisioned in different Cloud Services 2 Virtual machines configured in different cloud services. Both VMs running different SQL Server instances on them. Both VMs configured with remote PowerShell turned on to be able to run PS and other commands directly into them remotely in order to re-configure them to allow incoming SQL connections from a remote VM or on on-premise machine(s). Note: RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) is kept configured in both VMs by default to be able to remote connect to them and check the connections to SQL instances for demo purposes only; but not actually needed. Step 1 – Provision new VM3 Provision VM3; named DemoVM3 as follows (see examples screenshots below if using the portal): After provisioning is complete, here is the default port configurations: Step 2 – Add public port to VM1 connect to from VM3’s DB instance Since VM3 and VM1 are not connected in the same cloud service, we will need to specify the full DNS address while connecting between the machines which includes the public port. We shall add a public port 57000 in this case that is linked to private port 1433 which will be used later to connect to the DB instance. Step 3 – Remote Powershell to DemoVM1 Enter-PSSession -ComputerName condemo.cloudapp.net -Port 61503 -Credential <UserName> -UseSSL -SessionOption (New-PSSessionOption -SkipCACheck -SkipCNCheck) You will then be prompted to enter the password.   Step 4 – Open 1433 port in the Windows firewall netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="DemoVM1Port" dir=in localport=1433 protocol=TCP action=allow Output: Ok. netsh advfirewall firewall show rule name=DemoVM1Port Rule Name:                            DemoVM1Port ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Enabled:                              Yes Direction:                            In Profiles:                             Domain,Private,Public Grouping:                             LocalIP:                              Any RemoteIP:                             Any Protocol:                             TCP LocalPort:                            1433 RemotePort:                           Any Edge traversal:                       No Action:                               Allow Ok.   Step 5 – Now connect from DemoVM3 to DB instance in DemoVM1 RDP into VM3, launch SSM and Connect to VM1’s DB instance as follows. You must specify the full server name using the DNS address and public port number configured above. Step 6 – Close port 1433 in the Windows firewall netsh advfirewall firewall delete rule name=DemoVM1Port   Output: Deleted 1 rule(s). Ok. netsh advfirewall firewall show  rule name=DemoVM1Port No rules match the specified criteria.  Step 7 – Try to connect from DemoVM2 to DB Instance in DemoVM1  Because port 1433 has been closed (in step 6) in the Windows Firewall in VM1 machine, we can no longer connect from VM3 remotely to VM1. Conclusion Through the new support for remote PowerShell in Windows Azure Virtual Machines, one can script and automate many Virtual Machine and SQL management tasks. In this blog, we have demonstrated, how to start a remote PowerShell session, re-configure Virtual Machine firewall to allow (or disallow) SQL Server connections. References SQL Server in Windows Azure Virtual Machines   Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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• Is this overkill? Using MDX queries and cubes instead of SQL stored procedures

  - by Jason Holland

  I am new to Microsoft's SQL Server Analysis Services Cubes and MDX queries. Where I work we have a daily sales table in SQL Server 2005 that already contains an aggregate of sale information per store per day. At this time it contains only 164,000+ rows. We have a sales cube dedicated to this table that about 15 reports are based off of. Now, I should also note that we generate reports based on our own fiscal year criteria: a 13 period year (1 month equals 28 days etc.). Is this overkill? At what point is it justified to begin using SSAS Cubes/MDX over plain old SQL Server stored procedures? Since I have always been just using plain old SQL am I tragically late to the MDX party?

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• MCSE and MCSA makes a return to the world of certification..... but not as you know it.

  - by Testas

  Quick announcementMicrosoft Learning today announced the certification tracks for the upcoming SQL Server 2012 exams.You begin by acheiving the MCSA - Microsoft Certified Solutions Associate (Not to be confused by the old Microsoft Certified System Administrator)If you are starting out this includes taking the following three exams:Exam 70-461: Querying Microsoft SQL Server 2012Exam 70-462: Administering Microsoft SQL Server 2012 DatabasesExam 70-463: Implementing a Data Warehouse with Microsoft SQL Server 2012If you have an MCTS in SQL Server 2008 already you can take the following pathA pass in a SQL Server 2008 (MCTS) Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist examExam 70-457: transisitioning your MCTS on SQL Server 2008 to MCSA on SQL Server 2012 part 1Exam 70-458: transisitioning your MCTS on SQL Server 2008 to MCSA on SQL Server 2012 part 2Once you have achieved you MCSA status you can then start for your MCSE - Microsoft Certified Solutions Expert certificationYou have a choice, to do the MCSE: SQL Server 2012 Data Platform, MCSE: SQL Server 2012 Business Intelligence or you could do bothMCSE: SQL Server 2012 Data Platform involvesObtain your SQL Server 2012 MCSAExam 70-464: Developing Microsoft SQL Server 2012 DatabasesExam 70-465: Designing Database Solutions for Microsoft SQL Server 2012There is also an upgrade pathA pass in a SQL Server 2008 (MCITP) Microsoft Certified IT Professional Database Administrator or Database Developer CertificationExam 70-457: transisitioning your MCTS on SQL Server 2008 to MCSA on SQL Server 2012 part 1Exam 70-458: transisitioning your MCTS on SQL Server 2008 to MCSA on SQL Server 2012 part 2Exam 70-459: transisitioning your MCITP on SQL Server 2008 Database Administrator or Database Developer to MCSE:Data PlatformMCSE: SQL Server 2012 Business Intelligence involvesObtain your SQL Server 2012 MCSAExam 70-466: Implementing Data Models and Reports with Microsoft SQL Server 2012Exam 70-467: Designing Business Intelligence Solutions with Microsoft SQL Server 2012The upgrade path involves:A pass in a SQL Server 2008 (MCITP) Microsoft Certified IT Professional Business Intelligence CertificationExam 70-457: transisitioning your MCTS on SQL Server 2008 to MCSA on SQL Server 2012 part 1Exam 70-458: transisitioning your MCTS on SQL Server 2008 to MCSA on SQL Server 2012 part 2Exam 70-460: transisitioning your MCITP on SQL Server 2008 Business Intelligence Developer to MCSE:Business IntelligenceAs a result if you want to achieve the MCSE in either Data Platform or Business Intelligence and you are starting from scratch there will be 5 exams to takeIf you have the ability to upgrade your certification because you have an MCITP already then it will be three examsFull details and questions can be found at http://www.microsoft.com/learning/en/us/certification/cert-sql-server.aspxThanksChris

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• Detecting Xml namespace fast

  - by Anna Tjsoken

  Hello there, This may be a very trivial problem I'm trying to solve, but I'm sure there's a better way of doing it. So please go easy on me. I have a bunch of XSD files that are internal to our application, we have about 20-30 Xml files that implement datasets based off those XSDs. Some Xml files are small (<100Kb), others are about 3-4Mb with a few being over 10Mb. I need to find a way of working out what namespace these Xml files are in order to provide (something like) intellisense based off the XSD. The implementation of this is not an issue - another developer has written the code for this. But I'm not sure the best (and fastest!) way of detecting the namespace is without the use of XmlDocument (which does a full parse). I'm using C# 3.5 and the documents come through as a Stream (some are remote files). All the files are *.xml (I can detect if it was extension based) but unfortunately the Xml namespace is the only way. Right now I've tried XmlDocument but I've found it to be innefficient and slow as the larger documents are awaiting to be parsed (even the 100Kb docs). public string GetNamespaceForDocument(Stream document); Something like the above is my method signature - overloads include string for "content". Would a RegEx (compiled) pattern be good? How does Visual Studio manage this so efficiently? Another college has told me to find a fast Xml parser in C/C++, parse the content and have a stub that gives back the namespace as its slower in .NET, is this a good idea?

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• Stairway to XML: Level 8 - Deleting Data from an XML Instance

  in order to use the modify() method to delete data from typed and untyped XML instances, you must pass an XML DML expression as an argument to the method. That expression must include the delete keyword, along with an XQuery expression that defines the XML component to be deleted. Robert makes it seem simple, as usual. The best way to version control T-SQLSSMS plug-in SQL Source Control connects SVN, TFS, Git, Hg and all others to SQL Server. Learn more.

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• Using XML in a Flex Website to Improve SEO

  - by Laxmidi

  Hi, I've got a Flex 3 site called www.brainpinata.com that's a trivia game. Basically, everything in the site is pulled from a database-- the questions, choices, and answers. So, unfortunately, Google doesn't index my content. So, I'm trying to think of ways to improve the situation: A) If I took my database data and put it in an XML file which was in the website's root directory, would this work? Would it violate any Google policy? (The info would be the same as in the db-- so nothing shady.) Would I have to "wire" the XML into my site or would it be enough to just have the XML sitting in the root directory? B) Another idea is to use the noscript tag and load the XML content there. As I understand it Google indexes content that people who have Javascript turned off would see. I know Flex/Actionscript 3, and unfortunately, I don't know how to load XML content with HTML. Does anyone know of an example where a Flex site uses XML for the noscript content? Thank you. -Laxmidi

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• Basics of XML and SQL Server, Part 4: Create an XML invoice with SSIS

  This article demonstrates how to build an SSIS package that generates an XML invoice document from data stored in SQL Server and saves it to an XML file. What are your servers really trying to tell you? Find out with new SQL Monitor 3.0, an easy-to-use tool built for no-nonsense database professionals.For effortless insights into SQL Server, download a free trial today.

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• What is the suggested approach to Syncing/Backing up/Restoring from SQL Server 2008 to SQL Server 20

  - by Eoin Campbell

  I only have SQL Server 2008 (Dev Edition) on my development machine I only have SQL Server 2005 available with my hosting company (and I don't have direct connection access to this database) I'm just wondering what the best approach is for: Getting the initlal DB Structure & Data into production. And keeping any structural changes/data changes in sync in future. As far as I can see... Replication - not an option cos I can't connect to the production DB. Restoring a backup - not an option because as far as I can see, you cannot export a DB from 2008 that is restorable in 2005 (even with the 2008 DB set in 2005 compatibility mode) and it wouldn't make sense to be restoring production over the top of my dev version anyway. Dump all the scripts from my 2008 Database, Revert my Dev to machine from 2008 - 2005, and recreate the database from the scripts, then just use backup & restore to get the initial DB into production, then run scripts through the web panel from that point onwards Dump all the scripts from my 2008 Database and generate the entire 2005 db from scripts in production. then run scripts through the web panel from that point onwards With the last 2 options, I'd probably need to script all the data inserts as well using some tool (which I presume exists on the web) Are there any other possibile solutions that I'm not considering.

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• Loop through XML::Simple structure

  - by David

  So I have some xml file like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <root result="0" > <settings user="anonymous" > <s n="blabla1" > <v>true</v> </s> <s n="blabla2" > <v>false</v> </s> <s n="blabla3" > <v>true</v> </s> </settings> </root> I want to go through all the settings using the XML Simple. Here's what I have when I print the output with Data::Dumper: $VAR1 = { 'settings' => { 'user' => 'anonymous', 's' => [ { 'n' => 'blabla1', 'v' => 'true' }, { 'n' => 'blabla2', 'v' => 'false' }, { 'n' => 'blabla3', 'v' => 'true' } ] }, 'result' => '0' }; And here's my code $xml = new XML::Simple; $data = $xml->XMLin($file); foreach $s (keys %{ $data->{'settings'}->{'s'} }) { print "TEST: $s $data->{'settings'}->{'s'}->[$s]->{'n'} $data->{'settings'}->{'s'}->[$s]->{'v'}<br>\n"; } And it returns these 2 lines, without looping: TEST: n blabla1 true TEST: v blabla1 true I also tried to do something like this: foreach $s (keys %{ $data->{'settings'}->{'s'} }) { Without any success: Type of arg 1 to keys must be hash (not array dereference) How can I procede? What am I doing wrong? Thanks a lot!

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• Conditional attribute in XML - most concise solution?

  - by Lech Rzedzicki

  I am tasked with setting up conditional profiling - a method of tagging chunks of XML with an attribute, which will then be used as a conditional value to extract subset of that XML. Have a look at another definition/example: DITA profiling The XML is documents that are equivalent to printed books - i.e. documents that are often looked at by a human, even if indirectly. Therefore I am looking at a few requirements here: 1. keeping the value list brief - so it doesn't affect the readability of the document 2. be able to process with standard XML tools - a space-separated list inside an attribute is still probably fine, but I'd rather not use too much regexp for this 3. be obvious for various users, including 3rd parties, which content goes where 4. Be easy to maintain going forward Therefore one easy solution is: The problem with this: 1. As the list grows the value of the attribute can be a bit verbose 2. One needs to explicitly state every value even if it's a scenario of this vs everything else Therefore I am also looking at other approaches such as: 1. Using + and - modifiers, Apache htaccess style to override the default cascading of profiling - by default all content goes everywhere and if we want to exclude a bit we just say "-kindle". It does require parsing the whole tree, is not supported by editing tools and one needs to regexp the attribute value a bit deeper... 2. Using an intermediate file to define groups of values such as "other" or "non-print", example of this in DITA. It allows concise XML as well as different grouping and values for each document but it does create a certain level of abstraction which may make it a little less obvious for a 3rd party? Altogether, if you received such XML and were tasked to process it, which option you'd rather receive? If you have any experiences like that, even in an unrelated areas such a builds, don't hesitate to comment!

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• 'Binary XML' for game data?

  - by bluescrn

  I'm working on a level editing tool that saves its data as XML. This is ideal during development, as it's painless to make small changes to the data format, and it works nicely with tree-like data. The downside, though, is that the XML files are rather bloated, mostly due to duplication of tag and attribute names. Also due to numeric data taking significantly more space than using native datatypes. A small level could easily end up as 1Mb+. I want to get these sizes down significantly, especially if the system is to be used for a game on the iPhone or other devices with relatively limited memory. The optimal solution, for memory and performance, would be to convert the XML to a binary level format. But I don't want to do this. I want to keep the format fairly flexible. XML makes it very easy to add new attributes to objects, and give them a default value if an old version of the data is loaded. So I want to keep with the hierarchy of nodes, with attributes as name-value pairs. But I need to store this in a more compact format - to remove the massive duplication of tag/attribute names. Maybe also to give attributes native types, so, for example floating-point data is stored as 4 bytes per float, not as a text string. Google/Wikipedia reveal that 'binary XML' is hardly a new problem - it's been solved a number of times already. Has anyone here got experience with any of the existing systems/standards? - are any ideal for games use - with a free, lightweight and cross-platform parser/loader library (C/C++) available? Or should I reinvent this wheel myself? Or am I better off forgetting the ideal, and just compressing my raw .xml data (it should pack well with zip-like compression), and just taking the memory/performance hit on-load?

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• SQL Server: Is it possible to prevent SQL Agent from failing a step on error?

  - by Kenneth

  I have a stored procedure that runs custom backups for around 60 SQL servers (mixes 2000 through 2008R2). Occasionally, due to issues outside of my control (backup device inaccessible, network error, etc.) an individual backup on one or two databases will fail. This causes this entire step to fail, which means any subsequent backup commands are not executed and half of the databases on a given server may not be backed up. On the 2005+ boxes I am using TRY/CATCH blocks to manage these problems and continue backing up the remaining databases. On a 2000 server however, for example, I have no way to prevent this error from failing the entire step: Msg 3201, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Cannot open backup device 'db-diff(\PATH\DB-DIFF-03-16-2010.DIF)'. Operating system error 5(Access is denied.). Msg 3013, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 BACKUP DATABASE is terminating abnormally. I am simply asking if anything like TRY/CATCH is possible in SQL 2000? I realize there are no built in methods for this, so I guess I am looking for some creativity. Even when wrapping each backup (or any failing statement) via sp_executesql the job fails instantly. Example: DECLARE @x INT, @iReturn INT PRINT 'Executing statement that will fail with 208.' EXEC @iReturn = Sp_executesql N'SELECT * from TABLETHATDOESNTEXIST;' PRINT Cast(@iReturn AS NVARCHAR) --In SSMS this return code prints. Executed as a job it fails and aborts before this statement.

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• Combining SQL Rows

  - by lumberjack4

  I've got SQL Compact Database that contains a table of IP Packet Headers. The Table looks like this: Table: PacketHeaders ID SrcAddress SrcPort DestAddress DestPort Bytes 1 10.0.25.1 255 10.0.25.50 500 64 2 10.0.25.50 500 10.0.25.1 255 80 3 10.0.25.50 500 10.0.25.1 255 16 4 75.48.0.25 387 74.26.9.40 198 72 5 74.26.9.40 198 75.48.0.25 387 64 6 10.0.25.1 255 10.0.25.50 500 48 I need to perform a query to show 'conversations' going on across a local network. Packets going from A - B is part of the same conversations as packets going from B - A. I need to perform a query to show the on going conversations. Basically what I need is something that looks like this: Returned Query: SrcAddress SrcPort DestAddress DestPort TotalBytes BytesA->B BytesB->A 10.0.25.1 255 10.0.25.50 500 208 112 96 75.48.0.25 387 74.26.9.40 198 136 72 64 As you can see I need the query (or series of queries) to recognize that A-B is the same as B-A and break up the byte counts accordingly. I'm not a SQL guru by any means but any help on this would be greatly appreciated.

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• Stairway to XML: Level 7 - Updating Data in an XML Instance

  You need to provide the necessary keywords and define the XQuery and value expressions in your XML DML expression in order to use the modify() method to update element and attribute values in either typed or untyped XML instances in an XML column. Robert Sheldon explains how. "It really helped us isolate where we were experiencing a bottleneck"- John Q Martin, SQL Server DBA. Get started with SQL Monitor today to solve tricky performance problems - download a free trial

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• What's the fastest way to bulk insert a lot of data in SQL Server (C# client)

  - by Andrew

  I am hitting some performance bottlenecks with my C# client inserting bulk data into a SQL Server 2005 database and I'm looking for ways in which to speed up the process. I am already using the SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy (which is based on TDS) to speed up the data transfer across the wire which helped a lot, but I'm still looking for more. I have a simple table that looks like this: CREATE TABLE [BulkData]( [ContainerId] [int] NOT NULL, [BinId] [smallint] NOT NULL, [Sequence] [smallint] NOT NULL, [ItemId] [int] NOT NULL, [Left] [smallint] NOT NULL, [Top] [smallint] NOT NULL, [Right] [smallint] NOT NULL, [Bottom] [smallint] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PKBulkData] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ContainerIdId] ASC, [BinId] ASC, [Sequence] ASC )) I'm inserting data in chunks that average about 300 rows where ContainerId and BinId are constant in each chunk and the Sequence value is 0-n and the values are pre-sorted based on the primary key. The %Disk time performance counter spends a lot of time at 100% so it is clear that disk IO is the main issue but the speeds I'm getting are several orders of magnitude below a raw file copy. Does it help any if I: Drop the Primary key while I am doing the inserting and recreate it later Do inserts into a temporary table with the same schema and periodically transfer them into the main table to keep the size of the table where insertions are happening small Anything else? -- Based on the responses I have gotten, let me clarify a little bit: Portman: I'm using a clustered index because when the data is all imported I will need to access data sequentially in that order. I don't particularly need the index to be there while importing the data. Is there any advantage to having a nonclustered PK index while doing the inserts as opposed to dropping the constraint entirely for import? Chopeen: The data is being generated remotely on many other machines (my SQL server can only handle about 10 currently, but I would love to be able to add more). It's not practical to run the entire process on the local machine because it would then have to process 50 times as much input data to generate the output. Jason: I am not doing any concurrent queries against the table during the import process, I will try dropping the primary key and see if that helps. ~ Andrew

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• How I shoud use BIT in MS SQL 2005

  - by adopilot

  Regarding to SQL performance. I have Scalar-Valued function for checking some specific condition in base, It returns BIT value True or False, I now do not know how I should fill @BIT parameter If I write. set @bit = convert(bit,1) or set @bit = 1 or set @bit='true' Function will work anyway but I do not know which method is recommended for daily use. Another Question, I have table in my base with around 4 million records, Daily insert is about 4K records in that table. Now I want to add CONSTRAINT on that table whit scalar valued function that I mentioned already Something like this ALTER TABLE fin_stavke ADD CONSTRAINT fin_stavke_knjizenje CHECK ( dbo.fn_ado_chk_fin(id)=convert(bit,1)) Where is filed "id" primary key of table fin_stavke and dbo.fn_ado_chk_fin looks like create FUNCTION fn_ado_chk_fin ( @stavka_id int ) RETURNS bit AS BEGIN declare @bit bit if exists (select * from fin_stavke where id=@stavka_id and doc_id is null and protocol_id is null) begin set @bit=0 end else begin set @bit=1 end return @bit; END GO Will this type and method of cheeking constraint will affect badly performance on my table and SQL at all ? If there is also better way to add control on this table please let me know.

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