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  • "No Source Available" when managed exception occurs - WPF Visual Studio 2010

    - by Sonic Soul
    for some reason, my visual studio 2010 is not loading debug symbols on my own code. i am using a default WPF application solution. with a sample WPF app i am working on, and running in Debug mode. when i go into debug, i can step through my code. BUT when exception happens in my code (i.e. throw new Exception("test")), visual studio gives me the blue blank screen with "No Source Available. No symbols are loaded blah blah.." AND i can actually "view" exception details, where it will tell me the line of code my exception occured on. so it does know what happened.. it seems. it seems to think that PDB files are not loaded. my setup: options Deubg "Enable just my code (managed only)" is checked. application properties : 1 project running in Debug x86

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  • Seamless jQuery Marquee?

    - by Pez Cuckow
    Is it possible to create a 100% seamless marquee in jQuery (or just javascript but jQuery prefered)? I've made a simple marquee that moves left until it is off the screen then simply jumps (when out of view) to the right and starts again. However I would love it to not have the wait. The only way I could think of doing this would be to duplicate the text and put it after the first text, then swap them round again. However I have no idea how to implement this in jQuery. Any ideas?

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  • Unexpected resume of "package name" while already resumed in ''package name" Error in Android

    - by Janusz
    If changing the orientation of my phone or the emulator I get the following output in LogCat: 04-09 11:55:26.290: INFO/WindowManager(52): Setting rotation to 1, animFlags=0 04-09 11:55:26.300: INFO/ActivityManager(52): Config changed: { scale=1.0 imsi=310/260 loc=en_US touch=3 keys=2/1/1 nav=3/1 orien=2 layout=18} 04-09 11:55:26.460: INFO/UsageStats(52): Unexpected resume of client while already resumed in client 04-09 11:55:26.579: INFO/SearchPosition(807): Activity is paused 04-09 11:55:26.689: INFO/SearchPosition(807): Activity is resuming SearchPosition is the activity that is displayed. Activity is paused is written in the onPause Method and Activity is resuming in the onResume method of the activity. I googled a little bit for the error message but I don't fully understand the meaning of it. I think it could mean that the old Activity is not properly destroyed after changing the screen orientation. Is this correct? If yes what causes the error? If this is not correct? What is the meaning of this output?

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  • Android: bug in launchMode="singleTask"? -> activity stack not preserved

    - by Stefan Klumpp
    My main activity A has as set android:launchMode="singleTask" in the manifest. Now, whenever I start another activity from there, e.g. B and press the HOME BUTTON on the phone to return to the home screen and then again go back to my app, either via pressing the app's button or pressing the HOME BUTTONlong to show my most recent apps it doesn't preserve my activity stack and returns straight to A instead of the expected activity B. Here the two behaviors: Expected: A > B > HOME > B Actual: A > B > HOME > A (bad!) Is there a setting I'm missing or is this a bug? If the latter, is there a workaround for this until the bug is fixed? FYI: This question has already been discussed here. However, it doesn't seem that there is any real solution to this, yet.

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  • UIScrollView and Cocos2D

    - by Carl
    I have created a UIScrollView in a cocos2d application. I am adding sprites dynamically, over 3 pages. On the first page, touch works perfectly on a sprite, however if I use the scroll view and navigate to the second page, touch does not work quite right... the sprite will respond to the touch when I touch the screen, approximately the amount I have scrolled to the left. If I scroll back to the first page, touch works perfectly for a sprite. Any ideas? I am using the following tutorial: http://getsetgames.com/2009/08/21/cocos2d-and-uiscrollview/ :)

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  • iText PdfPTables, document.add with writeSelectedRows

    - by J2SE31
    I am currently modifying an existing system that generates reports with iText and java. The report template is as follows: Header1(PdfPTable) Header2(PdfPTable) Body(PdfPTable) I am currently using the writeSelectedRows to display Header1 and Header2, but document.add is used to display the Body. The problem is that the system is setup to write the headers AFTER the body has already been displayed on the screen, so I am displaying my headers on top of my body content. My question is how do I add my body table (using document.add) and have it display about halfway down the page (or any predetermined vertical position)? This way I would have sufficient room to display my headers above the body table. Note: I believe the body table is using document.add to facilitate automatic paging if the body content is too large.

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  • How to follow user location with MapKit

    - by Bloudermilk
    I'm using MapKit to display the user's location relative to pins around them. I'd like to be able to mimic the functionality that Maps provides via the crosshair button in the lower left-hand corner of the screen. I'm already aware that MapKit provides a CLLocation object with the user's location via MKUserLocation, I just wanted to seek advice on how I should keep focus on that location. My initial inclination was to use an NSTimer to center the map on that coordinate every 500ms or so. Is there a better way to do this? Is there something built in to MapKit that I'm missing that will accomplish this? Thanks so much, Brendan

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  • Ado.net performance:What does SNIReadSync do?

    - by Beatles1692
    We have a query that takes 2 seconds to run in Sql Server Management Studio but it takes 13 seconds to be shown on a client screen. I used dotTrace to profile my source code and noticed there is this SNIReadSync method (part of ADO.net assemblies)that takes a lot of time to do its job(9 seconds).I ran my source over server so I could omit the network effects and the result was the same. It doesn't matter if I'm using OleDBConnection or SqlConnection. It doesn't matter if I'm using a DataReader or a DataSet. Connection pooling does not solve this issue(as my result shows). I googled this issue and I couldn't find an answer to the question that what this method is actually doing and how we can improve it. here's what I found on StakOverFlow that's not helpful either: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1610874/snireadsync-executing-between-120-500-ms-for-a-simple-query-what-do-i-look-for

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  • Handle existing instance of root activity when launching root activity again from intent filter

    - by Robert
    Hi, I'm having difficulties handling multiple instances of my root (main) activity for my application. My app in question has an intent filter in place to launch my application when opening an email attatchment from the "Email" app. My problem is if I launch my application first through the the android applications screen and then launch my application via opening the Email attachment it creates two instances of my root activity. steps: Launch root activity A, press home Open email attachment, intent filter triggers launches root activity A Is it possible when opening the Email attachment that when the OS tries to launch my application it detects there is already an instance of it running and use that or remove/clear that instance?

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  • Asynchronous Html.ImageGetter for setting multiple images in a TextView

    - by thedude19
    I'm writing an application that takes HTML pages and parses them to display on the screen. Specifically, this application pulls HTML from a message board and lists posts made by users. The problem is that a lot of the content in posts are pictures in <img> tags, so I need to write a Html.ImageGetter to handle the downloading of the images. My textView.setText() method will look like this: myTextView.setText(Html.fromHtml(myText, new ImageGetter() { @Override public Drawable getDrawable(String source) { Drawable d; // Need to async download image here return d; } }, null)); Doing this synchronously is trivial, but is there a suggested way to do this asynchronously so that it doesn't lock up my UI thread? I would also like to eventually build in caching of these images, but I imagine that would be pretty simple once the async downloading was there.

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  • Delay rendering or force re-rendering in Flex

    - by Tereno
    Hi there, In my Flex application, using a custom control, I am making a JSON request to grab some data from the server. My rendering depends on this data such as knowing how many boxes to draw. How can I either force the rendering to wait until I've got the data before drawing to screen or have the boxes draw once we receive the data? I have an event listener for Event.COMPLETE for my JSON request and in there, I call methods that add to the control. I've tried invalidateDisplayList but that doesn't seem to do anything for me?

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  • How to draw an UIImageView in -drawRect:?

    - by mystify
    I'm trying since 5 hours now: - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { // flip the wrong coordinate system CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0.0f, rect.size.height); //shift the origin up CGContextScaleCTM(context, 1.0f, -1.0f); //flip the y-axis CGContextDrawImage(context, myImgView.frame, myImageView.image.CGImage); } The problem: While the image draws correctly, the coordinates specified by the UIImageView frame are completely useless. The image appears placed completely wrong on screen. I guess I must also flip the CGRect of the UIImageView? But how?

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  • Merge FDF data into a PDF file using PHP

    - by James
    Is it possible to merge FDF data with a PDF file using PHP alone? Or is there no option but to use a 3rd party command line tool to achieve this? If that is the case can someone point me in the direction of one? I am currently outputting the FDF file to the browser in the hope that it will redirect the user to the filled in PDF but for some people that is not the case. The FDF contents is being output to the screen, even though I am using header('Content-type: application/vnd.fdf');

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  • Overlay WriteableBitmap with color

    - by rajenk
    I'm trying to overlay a WriteableBitmap with a certain color in Silverlight. I have a black and white base image, which I'm using to create smaller WriteableBitmap images for a new composite image and I want to overlay either the black or white part of the source image cut-out with a certain color before adding it to the composite image. What I'm doing now is: var cutOut = new WriteableBitmap(8, 14); /* cut out the image here */ cutOut.Render(sourceImage, transform); // sourceImage is the base image cutOutImage.Source = cutOut; // cutOutImage is an Image element in XAML compositeImage.Render(cutOutImage, transform2); // compositeImage is the final WriteableBitmap that is shown on screen I tried the methods on http://blogs.silverarcade.com/silverlight-games-101/15/silverlight-blitting-and-blending-with-silverlights-writeablebitmap/ and using the extension methods from hxxp://writeablebitmapex.codeplex.com/, but I cannot seem to get a color overlay on the cutOut image before rendering it to the compositeImage. Does anyone know of a good method to do this? Thanks in advance.

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  • What is an Efficient algorithm to find Area of Overlapping Rectangles

    - by namenlos
    My situation Input: a set of rectangles each rect is comprised of 4 doubles like this: (x0,y0,x1,y1) they are not "rotated" at any angle, all they are "normal" rectangles that go "up/down" and "left/right" with respect to the screen they are randomly placed - they may be touching at the edges, overlapping , or not have any contact I will have several hundred rectangles this is implemented in C# I need to find The area that is formed by their overlap - all the area in the canvas that more than one rectangle "covers" (for example with two rectangles, it would be the intersection) I don't need the geometry of the overlap - just the area (example: 4 sq inches) Overlaps shouldn't be counted multiple times - so for example imagine 3 rects that have the same size and position - they are right on top of each other - this area should be counted once (not three times) Example The image below contains thre rectangles: A,B,C A and B overlap (as indicated by dashes) B and C overlap (as indicated by dashes) What I am looking for is the area where the dashes are shown - AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA--------------BBB AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA--------------BBB AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA--------------BBB AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA--------------BBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBB-----------CCCCCCCC BBBBBB-----------CCCCCCCC BBBBBB-----------CCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

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  • How To Draw More Precise Lines using Core Graphics and CALayer

    - by user308444
    Hello I am having a hard time making this UI element look the way I want (see screenshot). Notice the image on the right--how the line width and darkness looks inconsistent compared to the image on the left (which happens to be a screen grab from safari) where the border width is more consistent. How does apple make their lines so perfect? I'm using a CALayer and the Core Graphics API to draw the image on the right. Is it possible to draw such perfect lines with the standard apis?

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  • WPF DataGrid: How to reset column width when applying new ItemsSource

    - by paul
    I am using a DataGrid to display details of an item selected in a ListBox. The DataGrid has 3 columns set to Width="Auto". As different items in the ListBox are selected, the width of the columns in the DataGrid increase as needed in order to display the text. What I want is that the column widths also decrease when the extra width is not needed. An example. Column 1 normally contains a percent value. However, in some cases it contains a long error message which causes column 1 to widen and push columns 2 & 3 off the screen. When I switch to an item containing normal values, I want column 1 to regain its' normal width and for columns 2 & 3 to be visible again. What can I do to force the column widths to take the minimum size?

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  • MySQL Interview Questions

    - by Campbell
    Hi, I've been asked to screen some candidates for a MySQL DBA / Developer position for a role that requires an enterprise level skill set. I myself am a SQL Server person so I know what I would be looking for from that point of view with regards to scalability / design etc but is there anything specific I should be asking with regards to MySQL? I would ideally like to ask them about enterprise level features of MySQL that they would typically only use when working on a big database. Need to separate out the enterprise developers from the home / small website kind of guys. Thanks.

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  • Facebook Graph Api doesn't redirect to my callback

    - by Pentium10
    I am following the steps to do the authorization as described here, but I am not redirected to my callback url. I get the following five steps after calling the first one: https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/authorize?display=touch&client_id=...&redirect_uri=... https://www.facebook.com/connect/uiserver.php?display=touch&client_id=...&redirect_uri=...&next=https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/authorize_success?display=touch&client_id=...&redirect_uri=...&type=web_server&cancel_url=https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/authorize_cancel?display=touch&client_id=...&redirect_uri=...&method=permissions.request&return_session=1 http://www.facebook.com/ http://touch.facebook.com/?w2m http://touch.facebook.com/login.php?next=http://touch.facebook.com/?w2m&cancel=http://touch.facebook.com/?w2m&fbconnect=0&r39c26cf0&refid=108 As you see the 5th steps just displays the login screen. If I log in, or I am already logged in I am presented with the home page. I use my application key, and the connect url of the app I've setup in FB Developers page. What I am doing wrong, why I am not redirected to my url?

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  • How to post Source Code inside a Wordpress blog post

    - by jasondavis
    I just started a coding related wordpress bog to basicly discuss topics and store code snippets in. I installed a code syntax highlighter plugin which is very nice but I am having a problem. I just tried posting my first code related blog post and wordpress seems to only post some of my code and then it makes some of it not show, like it filters some of it out even though I am wrapping it in tags like this.. <pre class="brush:php"> <?PHP my code ?> </pre> Some of my code works and some gets filtered out somehow. I know this is possible as many wordpress coding sites show source code. Do I need to modify something to make it work in wordpress? UPDATE I have confirmed that it does save ALL my code into the database it just filters it out when it try to print to screen, so when I go in to edit the post and textbox populates with ALL the source code intact

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  • Python recursion , Sierpinski triangle with color at each depth

    - by ???? ???
    import turtle w=turtle.Screen() def Tri(t, order, size): if order==0: t.forward(size) t.left(120) t.forward(size) t.left(120) t.forward(size) t.left(120) else: t.pencolor('red') Tri(t, order-1, size/2, color-1) t.fd(size/2) t.pencolor('blue') Tri(t, order-1, size/2, color-1) t.fd(size/2) t.lt(120) t.fd(size) t.lt(120) t.fd(size/2) t.lt(120) t.pencolor('green') Tri(t, order-1, size/2,color-1) t.rt(120) t.fd(size/2) t.lt(120) can anyone help with this problem ? i want to a sierpinski triangle that have color at specific depth like this http://openbookproject.net/thinkcs/python/english3e/_images/sierpinski_color.png i dont know how to make the the triangle color change at specific depth

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  • WPF ListView column auto sizing

    - by Diego Mijelshon
    Let's say I have the following ListView: <ListView ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"> <ListView.View> <GridView> <GridViewColumn Header="Something" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=ShortText}" /> <GridViewColumn Header="Description" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=VeryLongTextWithCRs}" /> <GridViewColumn Header="Something Else" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=AnotherShortText}" /> </GridView> </ListView.View> </ListView> I'd like the short text columns to always fit in the screen, and the long text column to use the remaining space, word-wrapping if necessary. Is that possible?

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  • Recommendation for high performance WPF Chart

    - by Ajaxx
    We're working on a WPF-based desktop application that charts financial markets information (candlestick charts, overlayed indicator curves, volume, etc). The charts are displayed in real-time with responses to market ticks being shown in real-time (updating one to two times per second is probably a reasonable display refresh policy). We've been looking for a software package (commercial is fine by us) that has the capability of displaying these charts. Additionally, we'd like to have an approach that can render the initial amount of data in a reasonable timeframe (give or take 100-200ms from the time we hand the data over to a complete render on screen). Also we view multiple charts (5-10) simultaneously so a solution that chews up 50% of my CPU to display one chart really isn't going to work well. Has anyone had any good experiences with charting controls. We've had to hand roll the last few charts we've done and I'd prefer not to do it again. Solutions that can make use of the GPU to minimize CPU utilization would be nice as well.

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  • Win a set of Infragistics Silverlight Controls with Data Visualization!

    - by mbcrump
    Infragistics recently released their new Silverlight Data Visualization Controls. I saw a couple of samples and had to take a look. I headed over to their website and downloaded the controls. I first noticed the hospital floor-plan demo shown on their site and started thinking of ways that I could use this in my own organization. I emailed them asking if I could give away the Silverlight Data Visualization controls on my site and they said, Yes! They also wanted to throw in the standard Silverlight Line of Business controls. (combined they are worth about $3000 US). I am very thankful they were willing to help the Silverlight community with this giveaway. So some quick rules below: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Win a FREE developer’s license of Infragistics Silverlight Controls with Data Visualization ($3000 Value) Random winner will be announced on January 1st, 2011! To be entered into the contest do the following things: Subscribe to my feed. Leave a comment below with a valid email account (I WILL NOT share this info with anyone.) For extra entries simply: Retweet a link to this page using the following URL [ http://mcrump.me/iscfree ]. It does not matter what the tweet says, just as long as the URL is the same. Unlimited tweets, but please don’t go crazy! This URL will allow me to track the users that Tweet this page. Don’t forget to visit Infragistics because they made this possible. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Before we get started with the Silverlight Controls, here is a couple of links to bookmark: The Silverlight Line of Business Control page is here. You can also check out the live demos here. The Data Visualization page is here. You can also check out the live demos here. Don’t worry about the Samples/Help Documentation. You can install all of that to your local HDD when you are installing it. I am going to walk you through the Silverlight Controls recently released by Infragistics. Begin by downloading the trial version and running the executable. If you downloaded the Complete bundle then you will have the following options to pick from. I like having help documentation and samples on my local HDD in case I do not have access to the internet and want to code. After it is installed, you may want to take a look at your Toolbox in Visual Studio 2010. Look for NetAdvantage 10.3 Silverlight and you will see that you now have access to all of these controls. At this point, to use the controls it’s as simple as drag/drop onto your Silverlight container. It will create the proper Namespaces for you. I wanted to highlight a few of the controls that I liked the most: Grid – After using the Infragistics grid you will wonder how you ever survived using the grid supplied by Microsoft standard controls.  This grid was designed to get your application up and running very fast. It’s simple to bind, it handles LARGE DataSets, easy to filter and allows endless possibilities of formatting data. The screenshot below is an example of the grid. For a real-time updating demo click here. SpellChecker- If your users are creating emails or performing any other function that requires Spell Checking then this control is great. Check out the screenshots below: In this first screen, I have a word that is not in the dictionary [DotNet]. The Spell Checker finds the word and allows the user to correct it. What is so great about Infragistics controls is that it only takes a few lines of code to have a full-featured Spell Checker in your application. TagCloud – This is a control that I haven’t seen anywhere else. It allows you to create keywords for popular search terms. This is very similar to TagCloud seen all over the internet.  Below is a screenshot that shows “Facebook” being a very popular item in the cloud. You can link these items to a hyperlink if you wanted. Importing/Exporting from Excel – I work with data a majority of the time. We all know the importance of Excel in our organizations, its used a lot. With Infragistics controls it make importing and exporting data from a Grid into Excel a snap. One of the things that I liked most about this control was the option to choose the Excel format (2003 or 2007). I haven’t seen this feature in other controls. Creating/Saving/Extracting/Uploading Zip Files – This is another control that I haven’t seen many others making. It allows you to basically manipulate a zip file in any way you like. You can even create a password on the zip file. Schedule – The Schedule that Infragistics provides resembles Outlook’s calendar. I think that it’s important for a user to see your app for the first time and immediately be able to start using because they are already familiar with the UI. The Schedule control accomplishes that in my opinion. I have just barely scratched the surface with the Infragistics Silverlight Line of Business controls. To check all of them then click here. A quick thing to note is that this giveaway also comes with the following Silverlight Data Visualization Controls. Below is a screenshot that list all of them:   I wanted to highlight 2 of the controls that I liked the most: xamBarcode– The xamBarcode supports the following Symbologies: Below is an example of the barcode generated by Infragistics controls. This is a high resolution barcode that you will not have to wonder if your scanner can read it. As long as you have ink in your printer your barcode will read it. I used a Symbol barcode reader to test this barcode. xamTreemap– I’ve never seen a way of displaying data like this before, but I like it. You can style this anyway that you like of course and it also comes with an Office 2010 Theme. Thanks to Infragistics for providing the controls to one lucky reader. I hope that you enjoyed this post and good luck to those that entered the contest.  Subscribe to my feed

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  • Introducción a ENUM (E.164 Number Mapping)

    - by raul.goycoolea
    E.164 Number Mapping (ENUM o Enum) se diseñó para resolver la cuestión de como se pueden encontrar servicios de internet mediante un número telefónico, es decir cómo se pueden usar los los teléfonos, que solamente tienen 12 teclas, para acceder a servicios de Internet. La parte más básica de ENUM es por tanto la convergencia de las redes del STDP y la IP; ENUM hace que pueda haber una correspondencia entre un número telefónico y un identificador de Internet. En síntesis, Enum es un conjunto de protocolos para convertir números E.164 en URIs, y viceversa, de modo que el sistema de numeración E.164 tenga una función de correspondencia con las direcciones URI en Internet. Esta función es necesaria porque un número telefónico no tiene sentido en el mundo IP, ni una dirección IP tiene sentido en las redes telefónicas. Así, mediante esta técnica, las comunicaciones cuyo destino se marque con un número E.164, puedan terminar en el identificador correcto (número E.164 si termina en el STDP, o URI si termina en redes IP). La solución técnica de mirar en una base de datos cual es el identificador de destino tiene consecuencias muy interesantes, como que la llamada se pueda terminar donde desee el abonado llamado. Esta es una de las características que ofrece ENUM : el destino concreto, el terminal o terminales de terminación, no lo decide quien inicia la llamada o envía el mensaje sino la persona que es llamada o recibe el mensaje, que ha escrito sus preferencias en una base de datos. En otras palabras, el destinatario de la llamada decide cómo quiere ser contactado, tanto si lo que se le comunica es un email, o un sms, o telefax, o una llamada de voz. Cuando alguien quiera llamarle a usted, lo que tiene que hacer el llamante es seleccionar su nombre (el del llamado) en la libreta de direcciones del terminal o marcar su número ENUM. Una aplicación informática obtendrá de una base de datos los datos de contacto y disponibilidad que usted decidió. Y el mensaje le será remitido tal como usted especificó en dicha base de datos. Esto es algo nuevo que permite que usted, como persona llamada, defina sus preferencias de terminación para cualquier tipo de contenido. Por ejemplo, usted puede querer que todos los emails le sean enviados como sms o que los mensajes de voz se le remitan como emails; las comunicaciones ya no dependen de donde esté usted o deque tipo de terminal utiliza (teléfono, pda, internet). Además, con ENUM usted puede gestionar la portabilidad de sus números fijos y móviles. ENUM emplea una técnica de búsqueda indirecta en una base de datos que tiene los registros NAPTR ("Naming Authority Pointer Resource Records" tal como lo define el RFC 2915), y que utiliza el número telefónico Enum como clave de búsqueda, para obtener qué URIs corresponden a cada número telefónico. La base de datos que almacena estos registros es del tipo DNS.Si bien en uno de sus diversos usos sirve para facilitar las llamadas de usuarios de VoIP entre redes tradicionales del STDP y redes IP, debe tenerse en cuenta que ENUM no es una función de VoIP sino que es un mecanismo de conversión entre números/identificadores. Por tanto no debe ser confundido con el uso normal de enrutar las llamadas de VoIP mediante los protocolos SIP y H.323. ENUM puede ser muy útil para aquellas organizaciones que quieran tener normalizada la manera en que las aplicaciones acceden a los datos de comunicación de cada usuario. FundamentosPara que la convergencia entre el Sistema Telefónico Disponible al Público (STDP) y la Telefonía por Internet o Voz sobre IP (VoIP) y que el desarrollo de nuevos servicios multimedia tengan menos obstáculos, es fundamental que los usuarios puedan realizar sus llamadas tal como están acostumbrados a hacerlo, marcando números. Para eso, es preciso que haya un sistema universal de correspondencia de número a direcciones IP (y viceversa) y que las diferentes redes se puedan interconectar. Hay varias fórmulas que permiten que un número telefónico sirva para establecer comunicación con múltiples servicios. Una de estas fórmulas es el Electronic Number Mapping System ENUM, normalizado por el grupo de tareas especiales de ingeniería en Internet (IETF, Internet engineering task force), del que trata este artículo, que emplea la numeración E.164, los protocolos y la infraestructura telefónica para acceder indirectamente a diferentes servicios. Por tanto, se accede a un servicio mediante un identificador numérico universal: un número telefónico tradicional. ENUM permite comunicar las direcciones del mundo IP con las del mundo telefónico, y viceversa, sin problemas. Antes de entrar en mayores profundidades, conviene dar una breve pincelada para aclarar cómo se organiza la correspondencia entre números o URI. Para ello imaginemos una llamada que se inicia desde el servicio telefónico tradicional con destino a un número Enum. En ENUM Público, el abonado o usuario Enum a quien va destinada lallamada, habrá decidido incluir en la base de datos Enum uno o varios URI o números E.164, que forman una lista con sus preferencias para terminar la llamada. Y el sistema como se explica más adelante, elegirá cual es el número o URI adecuado para dicha terminación. Por tanto como resultado de la consulta a la base dedatos Enum siempre se da una relación unívoca entre el número Enum marcado y el de terminación, conforme a los deseos de la persona llamada.Variedades de ENUMUna posible fuente de confusión cuando se trata sobre ENUM es la variedad de soluciones o sistemas que emplean este calificativo. Lo habitual es que cuando se haga una referencia a ENUM se trate de uno de los siguientes casos: ENUM Público: Es la visión original de ENUM, como base de datos pública, parecida a un directorio, donde el abonado "opta" a ser incluido en la base de datos, que está gestionada en el dominio e164.arpa, delegando a cada país la gestión de la base de datos y la numeración. También se conoce como ENUM de usuario. Carrier ENUM, o ENUM Infraestructura, o de Operador: Cuando grupos de operadores proveedores de servicios de comunicaciones electrónicas acuerdan compartir la información de los abonados por medio de ENUM mediante acuerdos privados. En este caso son los operadores quienes controlan la información del abonado en vez de hacerlo (optar) los propios abonados. Carrier ENUM o ENUM de Operador también se conoce como Infrastructure ENUM o ENUM Infraestructura, y está siendo normalizado por IETF para la interconexión de VoIP (mediante acuerdos de peering). Como se explicará en la correspondiente sección, también se puede utilizar para la portabilidad o conservación de número. ENUM Privado: Un operador de telefonía o de VoIP, o un ISP, o un gran usuario, puede utilizar las técnicas de ENUM en sus redes y en las de sus clientes sin emplear DNS públicos, con DNS privados o internos. Resulta fácil imaginar como puede utilizarse esta técnica para que compañías multinacionales, o bancos, o agencias de viajes, tengan planes de numeración muy coherentes y eficaces. Cómo funciona ENUMPara conocer cómo funciona Enum, le remitimos a la página correspondiente a ENUM Público, puesto que esa variedad de Enum es la típica, la que dió lugar a todos los procedimientos y normas de IETF .Más detalles sobre: @page { margin: 0.79in } P { margin-bottom: 0.08in } H4 { margin-bottom: 0.08in } H4.ctl { font-family: "Lohit Hindi" } A:link { so-language: zxx } -- ENUM Público. En esta página se explica con cierto detalle como funciona Enum Carrier ENUM o ENUM de Operador ENUM Privado Normas técnicas: RFC 2915: NAPTR RR. The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record RFC 3761: ENUM Protocol. The E.164 to Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Application (ENUM). (obsoletes RFC 2916). RFC 3762: Usage of H323 addresses in ENUM Protocol RFC 3764: Usage of SIP addresses in ENUM Protocol RFC 3824: Using E.164 numbers with SIP RFC 4769: IANA Registration for an Enumservice Containing Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Signaling Information RFC 3026: Berlin Liaison Statement RFC 3953: Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM) Service Registration for Presence Services RFC 2870: Root Name Server Operational Requirements RFC 3482: Number Portability in the Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN): An Overview RFC 2168: Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain Name System Organizaciones relacionadas con ENUM RIPE - Adimistrador del nivel 0 de ENUM e164.arpa. ITU-T TSB - Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute VisionNG - Administrador del rango ENUM 878-10 IETF ENUM Chapter

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