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  • Storing users in a database

    - by EMcKenna
    Im wondering whats the best way of storing different types of users in my database. I am writing an application that has 4 main user types (admin, school, teacher, student). At the moment I have a table for each of these but i'm not sure thats the best way of storing user information. For instance... Allowing students to PM other student is simple (store sender and receiver student_id) but enabling teachers to PM students requires another table (sender teacher_id, sender student_id). Should all users be stored in one users table with a user_type field? If so, the teacher / student specific information will still have to be stored in another table. users user_id, password_hash, user_type students user_id, student_specific_stuff... teachers user_id, teacher_specific_stuff... How do I stop a user who has a user_type = student from being accidentally being entered into the teachers table (as both have a user_id) Just want to make sure I get the database correct before i go any further. Thanks...

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  • Getting the most recent post based on date

    - by camcim
    Hi guys, How do I go about displaying the most recent post when I have two tables, both containing a column called creation_date This would be simple if all I had to do was get the most recent post based on posts created_on value however if a post contains replies I need to factor this into the equation. If a post has a more recent reply I want to get the replies created_on value but also get the posts post_id and subject. The posts table structure: CREATE TABLE `posts` ( `post_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `cat_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `subject` tinytext NOT NULL, `comments` text NOT NULL, `created_on` datetime NOT NULL, `status` varchar(10) NOT NULL default 'INACTIVE', `private_post` varchar(10) NOT NULL default 'PUBLIC', `db_location` varchar(10) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`post_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=7 ; The replies table structure: CREATE TABLE `replies` ( `reply_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `post_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `comments` text NOT NULL, `created_on` datetime NOT NULL, `notify` varchar(5) NOT NULL default 'YES', `status` varchar(10) NOT NULL default 'INACTIVE', `db_location` varchar(10) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`reply_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=5 ; Here is my query so far. I've removed my attempt of extracting the dates. $strQuery = "SELECT posts.post_id, posts.created_on, replies.created_on, posts.subject "; $strQuery = $strQuery."FROM posts ,replies "; $strQuery = $strQuery."WHERE posts.post_id = replies.post_id "; $strQuery = $strQuery."AND posts.cat_id = '".$row->cat_id."'";

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  • Excessive use of Inner Join for more than 3 tables

    - by Archangel08
    Good Day, I have 4 tables on my DB (not the actual name but almost similar) which are the ff: employee,education,employment_history,referrence employee_id is the name of the foreign key from employee table. Here's the example (not actual) data: **Employee** ID Name Birthday Gender Email 1 John Smith 08-15-2014 Male [email protected] 2 Jane Doe 00-00-0000 Female [email protected] 3 John Doe 00-00-0000 Male [email protected] **Education** Employee_ID Primary Secondary Vocation 1 Westside School Westshore H.S SouthernBay College 2 Eastside School Eastshore H.S NorthernBay College 3 Northern School SouthernShore H.S WesternBay College **Employment_History** Employee_ID WorkOne StartDate Enddate 1 StarBean Cafe 12-31-2012 01-01-2013 2 Coffebucks Cafe 11-01-2012 11-02-2012 3 Latte Cafe 01-02-2013 04-05-2013 Referrence Employee_ID ReferrenceOne Address Contact 1 Abraham Lincoln Lincoln Memorial 0000000000 2 Frankie N. Stein Thunder St. 0000000000 3 Peter D. Pan Neverland Ave. 0000000000 NOTE: I've only included few columns though the rest are part of the query. And below are the codes I've been working on for 3 consecutive days: $sql=mysql_query("SELECT emp.id,emp.name,emp.birthday,emp.pob,emp.gender,emp.civil,emp.email,emp.contact,emp.address,emp.paddress,emp.citizenship,educ.employee_id,educ.elementary,educ.egrad,educ.highschool,educ.hgrad,educ.vocational,educ.vgrad,ems.employee_id,ems.workOne,ems.estartDate,ems.eendDate,ems.workTwo,ems.wstartDate,ems.wendDate,ems.workThree,ems.hstartDate,ems.hendDate FROM employee AS emp INNER JOIN education AS educ ON educ.employee_id='emp.id' INNER JOIN employment_history AS ems ON ems.employee_id='emp.id' INNER JOIN referrence AS ref ON ref.employee_id='emp.id' WHERE emp.id='$id'"); Is it okay to use INNER JOIN this way? Or should I modify my query to get the results that I wanted? I've also tried to use LEFT JOIN but still it doesn't return anything .I didn't know where did I go wrong. You see, as I have thought, I've been using the INNER JOIN in correct manner, (since it was placed before the WHILE CLAUSE). So I couldn't think of what could've possible went wrong. Do you guys have a suggestion? Thanks in advance.

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  • Query next/previous record

    - by Rob
    I'm trying to find a better way to get the next or previous record from a table. Let's say I have a blog or news table: CREATE TABLE news ( news_id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, news_datestamp DATETIME NOT NULL, news_author VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, news_title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, news_text MEDIUMTEXT NOT NULL ); Now on the frontend I want navigation buttons for the next or previous records, if i'm sorting by news_id, I can do something rather simple like: SELECT MIN(news_id) AS next_news_id FROM news WHERE news_id > '$old_news_id' LIMIT 1 SELECT MAX(news_id) AS prev_news_id FROM news WHERE news_id < '$old_news_id' LIMIT 1 But the news can be sorted by any field, and I don't necessarily know which field is sorted on, so this won't work if the user sorts on news_author for example. I've resorted to the rather ugly and inefficient method of sorting the entire table and looping through all records until I find the record I need. $res = mysql_query("SELECT news_id FROM news ORDER BY `$sort_column` $sort_way"); $found = $prev = $next = 0; while(list($id) = mysql_fetch_row($res)) { if($found) { $next = $id; break; } if($id == $old_news_id) { $found = true; continue; } $prev = $id; } There's got to be a better way.

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  • What's the best, Escape then store Or store then escape the output?

    - by Axel
    Hi, After doing a long search on stackoverflow i didn't find any one talked about this even if it's a big choice, the Question is what's the best in order to prevent both of XSS and SQL injection, Escaping the data then store it in the DB or Store it as it is and escape when output it? Note: it is better if you give some examples of practics if possible. Thanks

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  • friendship database schema

    - by Daniel Hertz
    I'm creating a db schema that involves users that can be friends, and I was wondering what the best way to model the ability for these friends to have friendships. Should it be its own table that simply has two columns that each represent a user? Thanks!

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  • counting number of new entries in guest book

    - by Lucka
    I want to display the number of new(unseen) guest entries in the guest book of a user. I was thinking to count it so that, total number of entries in guestbook minus entries in guestbook at time of last login. However, I think that is not a good approach, because if the user logs in but does not go to his guestbook, in that case, the entries should be still "new", also if some new entry is posted in the user while he is online, it does not work in that case too. Any suggested please?

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  • DTD definition error

    - by Geln Yang
    Hi, It will get a error to define a dtd as follow: <!ELEMENT line (property*)> <!ATTLIST line showType (1|?|+|*) "1" > The error: The name token is required in the enumerated type list for the "showType" attribute declaration. It seems the value can't be special characters,such as "?","+","*". To change the characters to Latin-1 characters, like "& #42;"(add a blank before '#') , get the same error. How to resolve this problem? Thanks!

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  • rails error on create action

    - by ash34
    SQL (2.0ms) SELECT task_report_requests_seq.NEXTVAL id FROM dual TaskReportRequest Create (2.2ms) INSERT INTO task_report_requests (location, created_at, updated_at, id, freq, login, task_dt) VALUES('020', TO_DATE('2010-05-25 05:02:38','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('2010-05-25 05:02:38','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'), 10023, 'M', NULL, TO_DATE('2010-05-30 00:00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')) NoMethodError (You have a nil object when you didn't expect it! The error occurred while evaluating nil.call): app/controllers/task_report_requests_controller.rb:45:in `create' It says error evaluating nil.call . Can someone tell me when I would get such an error. I am not able to figure out with this information. thanks, ash

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  • PHP mysql_fetch_array

    - by rag
    $n=mysql_num_rows($rs); $i=0; while($n>0) { while(($row=mysql_fetch_array($rs))&&$i<=5) { echo $row['room_name']; $i=$i+1; //echo $n."<br>"; } echo "<br>"; //echo "n1=".$n; $n=$n-5; // $i=0; } Output:101102103104105106 108109110 The row for roomname 107 is missing.... anybody please tell me what is the problem while reentering the loop again...

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  • Nested query to find details in table B for maximum value in table A

    - by jpatokal
    I've got a huge bunch of flights travelling between airports. Each airport has an ID and (x,y) coordinates. For a given list of flights, I want to find the northernmost (highest x) airport visited. Here's the query I'm currently using: SELECT name,iata,icao,apid,x,y FROM airports WHERE y=(SELECT MAX(y) FROM airports AS a , flights AS f WHERE (f.src_apid=a.apid OR f.dst_apid=a.apid) ) This works beautifully and reasonably fast as long as y is unique, but fails once it isn't. What I'd want to do instead is find the MAX(y) in the subquery, but return the unique apid for the airport with the highest y. Any suggestions?

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  • how to synchronize database table and directory with php

    - by twmulloy
    hello, I have a directory with files and a database table with what should be the same files. I would like to be able to synchronize the database table with the directory. What would be the most efficient way to do this? or would I realistically only be able to do this in a brute manner? Here's my approach: 1. retrieve all of the files in the directory as array 2. retrieve all of the filenames in the database table as array 3. loop through the file values in the directory array and use in_array() on the database table array to verify the filename is in that array, and if not then start building an array to insert the missing filenames. run db query to add each missing file row to database table 4. loop through directory array and use in_array() on the directory array and anything not found in the directory array will just be deleted from the table. Is there a better way to go about this? or something better for this in php than in_array()?

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  • Error in IE8 Browser -> Message: Object doesn't support this property or method

    - by tibin mathew
    Hi All, In my joomla project(http://crystalwrightlive.com) home page there is one sliding banner section, but this banner not working in IE browser (working fine in FF browser) and showing following error: Webpage error details User Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; GTB6; InfoPath.2) Timestamp: Sat, 8 May 2010 06:42:15 UTC Message: Object doesn't support this property or method Line: 1 Char: 1 Code: 0 URI: http://crystalwrightlive.com/index.php In index page included a jquery file: http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.2/jquery.min.js when i removed this JS file, no error but this JQuery file needed for this sliding banner. How can i fix this issue, Please anyone help me!!!!

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  • Do i need to dispose of MySqlCommand?

    - by acidzombie24
    I find it incredibly annoying to write a using statement on every one of my queries (which require its own command or write parameters.clear()) which sometimes require declaring variables outside of the using block. Its so incredibly annoying and looks much dirtier compared to the version without disposing the object. Do i need to dispose of it? what happens if i dont? I do know its good practice to dispose of an object when it has that interface.

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  • A good approach to db planing for reporting service

    - by Itay Moav
    The scenario: Big system (~200 tables). 60,000 users. Complex reports that will require me to do multiple queries for each report and even those will be complex queries with inner queries all over the place + some processing in PHP. I have seen an approach, which I am not sure about: Having one centralized, de-normalized, table that registers any activity in the system which is reportable. This table will hold mostly foreign keys, so she should be fairly compact and fast. So, for example (My system is a virtual learning management system), A user enrolls to course, the table stores the user id, date, course id, organization id, activity type (enrollment). Of course I also store this data in a normalized DB, which the actual application uses. Pros I see: easy, maintainable queries and code to process data and fast retrieval. Cons: there is a danger of the de-normalized table to be out of sync with the real DB. Is this approach worth considering, or (preferably from experience) is total $#%#%t?

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  • select from varchar2 column with numeric value sometimes gives invalid number error

    - by Rene
    I'm trying to understand why, on some systems, I get an invalid number error message when I'm trying to select a value from a varchar2 column while on other systems I don't get the error while doing the exact same thing. The table is something like this: ID Column_1 Column_2 1 V text 2 D 1 3 D 2 4 D 3 and a query: select ID from table where column_1='D' and column_2 = :some_number_value :some_number_value is always numeric but can be null. We've fixed the query: select ID from table where column_1='D' and column_2 = to_char(:some_number_value) This original query runs fine on most systems but on some systems gives an "invalid number" error. The question is why? Why does it work on most systems and not on some?

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  • How to create an array from database?

    - by Sofyan
    Hi, Please help me to create an array from a field of my DB. That field has records separated by comma. Below is the illustration: ID | article_title_fld | article_tags_fld | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 | Learn PHP | PHP, coding, scripting | 3 | Javascript Tutorial | Javascript, scripting, tutorial | 4 | Styling with CSS | CSS, tutorial, web design | I want to collect all records in the article_tags_fld then put it into 1 array. Perhaps I named it $array1, and the print out as below: Array ( [0] => PHP [1] => coding [2] => scripting [3] => Javascript [4] => scripting [5] => tutorial [6] => CSS [7] => tutorial [8] => web design )

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  • how have defined connection within function for pdo communication with DB

    - by Scarface
    hey guys I just started trying to convert my query structure to PDO and I have come across a weird problem. When I call a pdo query connection within a function and the connection is included outside the function, the connection becomes undefined. Anyone know what I am doing wrong here? I was just playing with it, my example is below. include("includes/connection.php"); function query(){ $user='user'; $id='100'; $sql = 'SELECT * FROM users'; $stmt = $conn->prepare($sql); $result=$stmt->execute(array($user, $id)); echo $count=$stmt->rowCount(); if (!$result || $stmt->rowCount()>=1){ echo 'balls'; } // now iterate over the result as if we obtained // the $stmt in a call to PDO::query() while($r = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) { echo "$r[username] $r[id] \n"; } } query();

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  • PHP escape $ sign and echo a string my fetching database

    - by pnm123
    Hello, I want to know how to echo a string that have a $ sign from a database. At this time, the value on database 'Buy one for $5.00' converts to 'Buy one for .00'. Ex:- Field: title | Value: Buy one for $5.00 <?php $row = mysql_fetch_array..... $title = $row['title']; echo $title; ?> Thank you, pnm123

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  • How can I synchronize database access between a write-thread and a read-thread?

    - by Runcible
    My program has two threads: Main execution thread that handles user input and queues up database writes A utility thread that wakes up every second and flushes the writes to the database Inside the main thread, I occasionally need to make reads on the database. When this happens, performance is not important, but correctness is. (In a perfect world, I would be reading from a cache, not making a round-trip to the database - but let's put that aside for the sake of discussion.) How do I make sure that the main thread sees a correct / quiescent database? A standard mutex won't work, since I run the risk of having the main thread grab the mutex before the data gets flushed to the database. This would be a big race condition. What I really want is some sort of mutex that lets the main thread of execution proceed only AFTER the mutex has been grabbed and released once. Does such a thing exist? What's the best way to solve this problem?

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  • sql select with exact outcome

    - by Shiro
    Asking a simple question, just want everyone have fun to solve it. I got 2 tables. 1. Student 2. Course Student +----+--------+ | id | name | +----+--------+ | 1 | User1 | | 2 | User2 | +----+--------+ Course +----+------------+------------+ | id | student_id | course_name| +----+------------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | English | | 2 | 1 | Chinese | | 3 | 2 | English | | 4 | 2 | Japanese | +----+------------+------------+ I would like to get the result all student, who have taken English and Chinese, NOT English or Chinese. Expected result: +----+------------+------------+ | id | student_id | course_name| +----+------------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | English | | 2 | 1 | Chinese | +----+------------+------------+ What we normally do is select * from student join course on (student.id = course.student_id) WHERE course_name = 'English' OR course_name = 'Chinese' but in this result I can get User2 record which is not my expected result. I want the record only display the User take the course English+Chinese only.

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  • "Undoing deletes" in webapplication?

    - by Industrial
    Hi everybody, I have seen more and more of the websites that offers a undo option after pressing a delete button. How is the logic done behind the button? Is the item deleted by javascript and "dissapears" from the users screen and a scheduled delete added, that gives the user time to undo it or how does it work? What are the other options to offer the users an undo feature?

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  • How do I replace NOT EXISTS with JOIN?

    - by YelizavetaYR
    I've got the following query: select distinct a.id, a.name from Employee a join Dependencies b on a.id = b.eid where not exists ( select * from Dependencies d where b.id = d.id and d.name = 'Apple' ) and exists ( select * from Dependencies c where b.id = c.id and c.name = 'Orange' ); I have two tables, relatively simple. The first Employee has an id column and a name column The second table Dependencies has 3 column, an id, an eid (employee id to link) and names (apple, orange etc). the data looks like this Employee table looks like this id | name ----------- 1 | Pat 2 | Tom 3 | Rob 4 | Sam Dependencies id | eid | Name -------------------- 1 | 1 | Orange 2 | 1 | Apple 3 | 2 | Strawberry 4 | 2 | Apple 5 | 3 | Orange 6 | 3 | Banana As you can see Pat has both Orange and Apple and he needs to be excluded and it has to be via joins and i can't seem to get it to work. Ultimately the data should only return Rob

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  • What are some methods to prevent double posting in a form? (PHP)

    - by jpjp
    I want to prevent users from accidentally posting a comment twice. I use the PRG (post redirect get) method, so that I insert the data on another page then redirect the user back to the page which shows the comment. This allows users to refresh as many times as they want. However this doesn't work when the user goes back and clicks submit again or when they click submit 100 times really fast. I don't want 100 of the same comments. I looked at related questions on SO and found that a token is best. But I am having trouble using it. //makerandomtoken(20) returns a random 20 length char. <form method="post" ... > <input type="text" id="comments" name="comments" class="commentbox" /><br/> <input type="hidden" name="_token" value="<?php echo $token=makerandomtoken(20); ?>" /> <input type="submit" value="submit" name="submit" /> </form> if (isset($_POST['submit']) && !empty($comments)) { $comments= mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc,trim($_POST['comments'])); //how do I make the if-statment to check if the token has been already set once? if ( ____________){ //don't insert comment because already clicked submit } else{ //insert the comment into the database } } So I have the token as a hidden value, but how do I use that to prevent multiple clicking of submit. METHODS: someone suggested using sessions. I would set the random token to $_SESSION['_token'] and check if that session token is equal to the $_POST['_token'], but how do I do that? When I tried, it still doesn't check

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