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• Is a disk/ata timeout exception dangerous?

  - by j-g-faustus

  I have a few hard drives in mdadm RAID 5 configured to go to standby after a few minutes of inactivity. (Using hdparm.conf spindown_time.) At irregular intervals I get messages like these in dmesg: [ 1840.251661] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [ 1840.251722] ata4.00: failed command: SMART [ 1840.251758] ata4.00: cmd b0/d5:01:06:4f:c2/00:00:00:00:00/00 tag 0 pio 512 in [ 1840.251759] res 40/00:14:50:2e:04/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [ 1840.251858] ata4.00: status: { DRDY } [ 1840.251888] ata4: hard resetting link [ 1840.600742] ata4: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [ 1840.601521] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [ 1840.601547] ata4: EH complete [337877.713988] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [337877.714019] ata4.00: failed command: SMART [337877.714038] ata4.00: cmd b0/d5:01:06:4f:c2/00:00:00:00:00/00 tag 0 pio 512 in [337877.714039] res 40/00:04:90:10:81/00:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [337877.714089] ata4.00: status: { DRDY } [337877.714107] ata4: hard resetting link [337878.063085] ata4: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [337878.063743] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [337878.063764] ata4: EH complete I think the exception is caused by smartd when a drive does not wake up quickly enough. There are no issues (that I can tell) in accessing the drives normally through the file system - it takes a few seconds longer than normal when they are asleep, but there are no exceptions. Is this something I should worry about, as a potential symptom on something that could corrupt a drive over time? Or can I safely ignore it as part of normal operation? Edit: By request: smartctl -a for sdaand sde, both disks are members of the array. If ata4is the same as scsi-4 then sde is the one that gave the error above, according to /dev/disk/by-path.

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• Reverse WiFi to Broadcast connection coming from a USB device

  - by Daniel Clem

  I am using the app called Clockworkmod Tether. It connects using a script ( command line " gksu ./run.sh " ) on the computer. All my programs connect to the internet perfectly, minitube, midori, transmission torrents. But the network manager does not show any connection, wired or wireless. So this may cause issues? What I want to do is take this connection, and be able to share it some way, any way, by wireless. This Acer Timeline "Aspire 5810TZ" does have an Ethernet, so wired out to a router might be an option. But I would prefer to simply reverse the Wireless card to broadcast out to about 2 or 3 devices. Is this possible? Yes I have taken a look at the other questions already posted here, but the answers are 1 year old or older, and not clear at all. I am moderately comfortable (4.5 out of 10 ) on the command line. But pretty much need line by line directions for what commands are needed and what order, ect. Edit I have already tried the method of "Left click network manager, Create New Wireless Network" It is created fine, and I am able to connect to it with a tablet, but am un-able to get an outside connection with it. Using the "Shared to other computers" option because DHCP doesn't seem to work, and WEP Passphrase Security. I get an IP address on the connected device. But as I said, won't bring up any outside webpages or the like. So perhaps this is the wrong approach?

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• OPTIONS request vs GET in Ajax

  - by user41172

  I have a PHP/javascript app that queries and returns info using an ajax request. On every server I've used so far, this works as expected, passing an Ajax GET request to the server and returning json data. On a new install, the query fails and returns nothing-- I inspected the request and it turns out that rather than passing the query as a GET, the server is passing it as an OPTIONS request. Is there any reason for this? I have no idea why this might happen. THanks!

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• merging video and audio with custom panning

  - by cherouvim

  I have: a video which has mono audio inside a audio (mono) I'd like to merge those two to a single video file containing: video from #1 audio from #1 full left pan + audio #2 full right pan Is this possible in ffmpeg using 1 command? I've tried the following which almost does this but the video/audio gets out of sync: ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -filter_complex "amovie=audio.wav [r] ; [r] amerge" output.mp4 -y I've managed to do it with multiple commands: #1 create right panned audio ffmpeg -i audio.wav -ac 2 -vbr 5 audio-stereo.mp3 -y ffmpeg -i audio-stereo.mp3 -af pan=stereo:c1=c1 audio-right.mp3 -y #2 create left panned video ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -af pan=stereo:c0=c0 video-left.mp4 -y #3 merge the two ffmpeg -i video-left.mp4 -i audio-right.mp3 -filter_complex "amix=inputs=2" video-mixed.mp4 -y It does the job, but is it possible with 1 command?

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• Ubuntu 11.10 logs off when clicking shutdown

  - by Rourke

  As the title says: when I click Shutdown from the menu it logs off. When I click shutdown from the log-in menu it does nothing. I'm using a fresh install of Ubuntu 11.10. I can force it to shutdown by the command below, but I don't want to keep typing that whenever I want to shutdown my laptop. sudo shutdown -h now So it's probably processes which arn't closing. I'm a novice linux user, so I have no idea how to rule out the software causing this. I think it's either Gwibber/Empathy, perhaps Mozilla Thunderbird, because this is happening since I started using this. So a few questions: How do I rule out what software is causing this? How do I stop it from not closing on shutdown? If 1. and 2. don't work is it possible to add top command to the shutdown process? Edit: Rourke here. Somehow I cannot accept the below comment from mech-e as the solution. Thank you this was indeed the answer I was looking for!

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• Question about the linux root file system.

  - by smwikipedia

  I read the manual page of the "mount" command, at it reads as below: All files accessible in a Unix system are arranged in one big tree, the file hierarchy, rooted at /. These files can be spread out over several devices. The mount command serves to attach the file system found on some device to the big file tree. My questions are: Where is this "big tree" located? Suppose I have 2 disks, if I mount them onto some point in the "big tree", does linux place some "special marks" in the mount point to indicate that these 2 "mount directories" are indeed seperate disks?

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• High Performance SQL Views Using WITH(NOLOCK)

  - by gt0084e1

  Every now and then you find a simple way to make everything much faster. We often find customers creating data warehouses or OLAP cubes even though they have a relatively small amount of data (a few gigs) compared to their server memory. If you have more server memory than the size of your database or working set, nearly any aggregate query should run in a second or less. In some situations there may be high traffic on from the transactional application and SQL server may wait for several other queries to run before giving you your results. The purpose of this is make sure you don’t get two versions of the truth. In an ATM system, you want to give the bank balance after the withdrawal, not before or you may get a very unhappy customer. So by default databases are rightly very conservative about this kind of thing. Unfortunately this split-second precision comes at a cost. The performance of the query may not be acceptable by today’s standards because the database has to maintain locks on the server. Fortunately, SQL Server gives you a simple way to ask for the current version of the data without the pending transactions. To better facilitate reporting, you can create a view that includes these directives. CREATE VIEW CategoriesAndProducts AS SELECT * FROM dbo.Categories WITH(NOLOCK) INNER JOIN dbo.Products WITH(NOLOCK) ON dbo.Categories.CategoryID = dbo.Products.CategoryID In some cases quires that are taking minutes end up taking seconds. Much easier than moving the data to a separate database and it’s still pretty much real time give or take a few milliseconds. You’ve been warned not to use this for bank balances though. More from Data Stream

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• Install Git on my Media Temple (dv) 4.0 server

  - by Chris

  I'm trying to install Git on my Media Temple (dv) 4.0 server. I've followed these instructions: http://wiki.mediatemple.net/w/%28dv%29_4.0:Install_GIT It seems to have "installed", as there are a boat load of files in the following directory: /root/git-2012-06-06 However, when I perform any git command in the server: git: command not found My assumption is that something, somewhere isn't configured properly, but I have no idea where to start. Could anybody lend a hand / offer some pointers? (And if you hadn't guessed, I'm pretty new to all this, so please be kind!) Thanks very much Chris

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• Keeping Xv Overlay configuration throughout an X session.

  - by kriss

  After upgrading my Linux system from Ubuntu 9.04 to Ubuntu 10.10, I suceeded correcting most problems (all related to Intel 82865G Integrated Graphics Adapter support and compiz is still not working but that's another matter) but for one I only have a partial solution. Whenever I play a video the colors are much too saturated. This is really a problem for tones of skins that appears reddish (everyone seems to be coming back from a ski vacation with deep sun burns). As this effect only occurs with videos, not with pictures, I finally figured out it was related to Video Overlays configuration and I can correct it typing: xvattr -a XV_SATURATION -v 120 This change the default saturation value, which is 500 and much too high in my case, at eye sight the correct value seems to be between 100 and 150. Now my problem is that I have to type the above command each time I run a video. If I type it before running the video it has no effect, if I close the video and open a new one, I have to type it again, etc. I tried to put it in Xsession and (logically) it has no effect either. How could I do to get the correct setting whenever I run a video without typing the above command every time ?

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• Going on 15 months for me...

  - by Ratman21

  About 5 face to face interviews, 4 telephone ones and except for the two weeks Census Job. But, after 15 months looking for work, I am still with out a JOB. What is wrong here or with me? Let’s see, hard worker (check), self motivated to do well on a Job (Check), Certified CompTIA A+, Security+  and Network+ Technician (Check), 20 + years experience in “IT” (CHECK), in good health, in 20 years of work only 15 days off due to health issues (Check), 18 years experience as technical Help Desk support (Check), can still work better than younger personal (Check), Strong trouble shooting skills for software, computer hard ware and circuit issues (Check) and Multiple software languages (Hey I have done some programming) Check. Hmm I don’t see any problem with me (of course I could have missed something, please let me know if you see what I am missing).    Now as to what have I been up to since I last blogged. The same things of course, Job hunting, job hunting and study.   I have set up sim of my home LAN and will be adding a wireless print server to the sim and in real life, soon.  I was able to pull up and copy the examples of Cisco router commands that I had on my old lap top, to my newer PC. Every time I used a new command while working the NOC on my last job.   I would cut and past a copy of the command on the router (and what it did) I was working on.  Along with notes on the problem and commands use for same router. I used these to make documentation for on how to handle these types of issues, for the other Operation Techs. My old notes are helping me in studying for the CCENT test.    As to Love Dare, I think it will take more like 40 weeks, than the 40 days of the book. Yes I am making progress, slow but, it is progress. I will have more on that in my next blog.

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• Diffing file contents

  - by PHeiberg

  I have two plain text files, each file is containing a list of strings sorted alphabetically with one string per line. I want to diff the files and have an output of all strings that exist only in file2. Preferabbly I want the operation to be possible without any 3rd party tools, or with a minimum of installations of tools that is "normal" to find in a windows command line environment, such as GNU Diffutils, Powershell, etc. The output should be in text form (file or as command line output). Example: File 1 contents: A C D File 2 contents: A B C E Result wanted: B E

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• Remove Audio stream from XVID files

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I have a bunch of Xvid files that each have an audio stream that I do not want. How can I strip the audio track I don't want using the Linux command line? I don't need the whole script (loop), just what command I would use to process each avi file individually (unless the cmd itself has batch modification built into it). I don't believe the file is in an mkv container, as mkvinfo doesn't find anything. Here is part of mplayer's output (thanks ~quack): [aviheader] Video stream found, -vid 0 ID_AUDIO_ID=1 [aviheader] Audio stream found, -aid 1 ID_AUDIO_ID=2 [aviheader] Audio stream found, -aid 2 VIDEO: [XVID] 512x384 12bpp 25.000 fps 1013.4 kbps (123.7 kbyte/s)

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• CodePlex Daily Summary for Tuesday, May 20, 2014

  CodePlex Daily Summary for Tuesday, May 20, 2014Popular ReleasesEdiFabric: Release 3.1: Fixed parse tree generation for the latest validation schemasCompare .NET Objects: Version 2.03.0.0: Support for System.Drawing.Font type New Option to Ignore Unknown Object TypesQuickMon: Version 3.11: This release adds some major changes to the core monitoring engine. 1. Polling overrides: Each collector entry can specify a minimum time updating is allowed for it and dependent collector entries. 2. Polling frequency sliding: Additional to polling overrides a collector entry can specify 'sliding' polling frequency if the state remains the same. This means the frequency slows down reducing overhead of polling on a stagnant resource. 3. The monitor pack has an overriding frequency. If used...Family Tree Analyzer: Version 3.7.2.3-beta2: Small beta test to determine issue with Lost Cousins facts with census with no country.AST - a tool for exploring windows kernel: Ast-0.2.20140519-win8.1x86: symbol form, supports any symbol query like dt/x command in windbg symbol form, supports loading pdb file pe form, visualizer of pe info (dos/optional header, sections, directories, import/export table)Mini SQL Query: Mini SQL Query (1.0.72.457): Apologies for the previous update! FK issue fixed and also a template data cache issue.Endomondo Export: First Release: This is the first release, it might be buggy, so I'll eventually try to improve it over time. I did it quick and dirty as I didn't have much spare time to develop it, but again it works for me. ;-) If I see people use it and there are reasonable requests I might add more stuff to it. Hope you guys like it!FileTable Services for Lightswitch: FileTable Services for Lightswitch 1.0.0: 19 MAY 2014 v.1.0.0 Initial releaseWordMat: WordMat v. 1.06: Check WordMat.blogspot.com for a complete description of new features.Visual F# Tools: Daily Builds Preview 05-16-2014: This preview is released for use under a proprietary license.Wsus Package Publisher: Release v1.3.1405.17: Add Russian translation (thanks to VSharmanov) Fix a bug that make WPP to crash if the user click on "Connect/Reload" while the Report Tab is loading. Enhance the way WPP store the password for remote computers command.MoreTerra (Terraria World Viewer): More Terra 1.12.9: =========== = Compatibility = =========== Updated to account for new format 1.2.4.1 =========== = Issues = =========== all items have not been added. Some colors for new tiles may be off. I wanted to get this out so people have a usable program.LINQ to Twitter: LINQ to Twitter v3.0.3: Supports .NET 4.5x, Windows Phone 8.x, Windows 8.x, Windows Azure, Xamarin.Android, and Xamarin.iOS. New features include Status/Lookup, Mute APIs, and bug fixes. 100% Twitter API v1.1 coverage, Async, Portable Class Library (PCL).ConEmu - Windows console with tabs: ConEmu 140519 [Alpha]: ConEmu - developer build x86 and x64 versions. Written in C++, no additional packages required. Run "ConEmu.exe" or "ConEmu64.exe". Some useful information you may found: http://superuser.com/questions/tagged/conemu http://code.google.com/p/conemu-maximus5/wiki/ConEmuFAQ http://code.google.com/p/conemu-maximus5/wiki/TableOfContents If you want to use ConEmu in portable mode, just create empty "ConEmu.xml" file near to "ConEmu.exe" CS-Script for Notepad++ (C# intellisense and code execution): Release v1.0.26.0: Added access to the Release Notes during 'Check for Updates...'' Debug panels Added support for generic types members Members are grouped into 'Raw View' and 'Non-Public members' categories Implemented dedicated (array-like) view for Lists and Dictionaries http://download-codeplex.sec.s-msft.com/Download?ProjectName=csscriptnpp&DownloadId=846498ClosedXML - The easy way to OpenXML: ClosedXML 0.70.0: A lot of fixes. See history.SFDL.NET: SFDL.NET (2.2.9.2): Changelog: Neues Icon Xup.in CnL Plugin BugfixSEToolbox: SEToolbox 01.030.008 Release 1: Fixed cube editor failing to apply color to cubes. Added to cube editor, replace cube dialog, and Build Percent dialog. Corrected for hidden asteroid ore, allowing rare ore to show when importing an asteroid, or converting a 3d model to an asteroid (still appears to be limitations on rare ore in small asteroids). Allowed ore selection to Asteroid file import. (Can copy/import and convert existing asteroid to another ore). Added progress bars to common long running operations. Fixed ...Better Robocopy GUI: Command Line GUI for Robocopy: Better Robocopy GUI had become the primary plugin in Command Line GUI built on .NET 4TFS Planning and Disaster Recovery Avoidance Guide: v1.4.BETA - TFS, DR and Azure IaaS Planning Guides: Welcome to the TFS Planning and DR Avoidance Guidance What is new? A new crisper, more compact style, which is easier to consume on multiple devices without sacrificing any content. Also included are the new TFS on Azure IaaS guide and supplementary guides. Note Capacity planning workbook and posters are included in the Everything Zip package. Quality-Bar Detail Documentation has been reviewed by Visual Studio ALM Rangers Documentation has been through an independent technical review ...New ProjectsBizTalk Port Info Query Tool: This tool is capable of retrieving BizTalk send and receive port information, through which can be searched.C5_StyleCopped: The C5 project while an excellent set of collections suffers from being very non StyleCop compliant.Channel 9 RSS Reader (Universal / WinPhone 8): Channel 9 RSS Reader Code Share Sample- A simple RSS reader app for the Channel 9 RSS feed sharing code across 3 apps.CRM Web API Yelp Example: Sample Visual Studio 2013 project that provides an example of how you could use Web API and Microsoft Azure to integrate with Yelp.ERP Accounting System: ERP Accounting SystemEssIL: Essential classes written in CIL.FileTable Services for Lightswitch: Integrates SQL Server 2012 and later FileTable functionality with Lightswitch rapid application development tools. Works with ALL types of Lightswitch clients.freeasyDMS: A free and easy to use DMS for everyone. Without any cloud restrictions. All information about added Documents are stored lokaly at XML files.FreelancerCreateReport: Freelancer_CreateReportInstituto Superior de Ciencias Comerciales: esta es una pruebaMVC Blogger: Under TestingMVC Bootstrap Timepicker: ASP.NET MVC html helper for Bootstrap 3 time picker. This helper makes it easy to use a time picker with the bootstrap look 'n feel in your web site.NextGen: NextGen FrameworkPlato 2D Framework: Plato Windows Runtime App canvas oriented MVVM framework.Promotion Planner Pro: Trade Promotion Management and Analytic suitSharePoint Managed Metadata List Filter: This managed metadata list filter webpart provides the ability to filter multiple list view webparts that contain the same Managed metadata site column on the sSurfwave: A Windows Store (Windows Runtime) library that provides multi-touch tracking and normalized interpretation capabilities.Torrent Description Generator: A simple WPF application to generate a robust torrent description for movies in text or bbcode. Includes file info, thumbs, imdb/RT links and poster.Trang's Project: Qu?n lý thông tin khách hàng trong ho?t d?ng vay v?nWebSniffer: A bot written in C# to play a hangman game and intelligently make decisions about what to pick next.WorldBankBBS: BBS Package designed for use with ASCII, ANSI and PETSCII (Commodore) users. All resources are shared between differing clients. WPF Password Generator with Prism 5 and Moq (2014): This is a WPF reference implementation for developing an MVVM application that uses Prism (5) and Moq.????-????【??】????????: ??????????????,??????????????????,?????????????。?????????,????????????。 ?????-?????【??】?????????: ?????????????????,????,????,?????????.?????,?????!?????,?????????、??、??! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????,???????,??????。??????????,????,????,?????,????????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????????、???????,?????????,???????????????。?????????????,???????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????,???????????????????????????,????:????,????,????,?????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????,?????????????? ??。??????????、????、????、?????????? ???????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????,???、???!???????,????????????????,????????????,???! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????????,????,???????、???????????,???????????,????,?????,???????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????????????,?????????,??????????,????????,?????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????,????????,??????????????,?????????,????,????,??????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????、?????????,?????????,????,????????,????????????????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????:??????、????、????、????、????、??????、??????，???????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????、?????,????????????????????,????,????,??????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????，???????、???????????，????????、????、????、??????、????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????????????????????,???????????????????????,???????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????????、????、????、??????、????、???????,?????,?????????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????、????、??????、????????,????????????,???????????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????????,?????????????????????,?????,????,???????. ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????????、???????,?????????,???????????????,?????????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????、??、???????????,??????,????????,??????????????????...????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????，?????????/?,,???????????,??????????????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????,????????????????????????,???????????????,?????????????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????,????????,?????,???,???????????,???????????,?????,??????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????????????????????、??????????????,??????????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????"????,????"???,????????????????????????,??????????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????,????:????,????,????,??????,?????,???????????????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????????????,???????????,????????,?????????????????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????、????、????、??????、????、????????,????????、?????????,?????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????,?????????????。????????????,???????,???????,?????,?????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????,?????????、??、??、????,??????????,?????????????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????、????、????、??????????,???,?????,???????????????. ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????????,?????, ... ????????????,????,????,?????,???????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????????????、??????,????、?????、????， ?????????，?????????????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????,??????,?????????????????????,???????????????????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????????、????、????、??????、???????,??????、??????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????【.????.????.????.????.】??【??】:、??、??、??、??、??、??、??、??、??、??、?????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????,????,??.??.??.??.??.??.??.???，????，???????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????????、????????、????????、????????、???????,????????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????????,?????,???????,???????????,??????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????、??????、????、?????、?????!????,????????????????!????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????,??,????????。 ... ??????????????????、??????????????????... ???????-???????【??】???????????: ???????????????????????????,???????????????,????????????????！ ???????-???????【??】???????????: ???????????????:????,????,????,???????,????????,??????:????????,?????! ???????-???????【??】???????????: ???????,?????????,?????????????。?????????????,?????????,???????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????,???????、???????????,????????,????,?????????,??????,??????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????,????????????,?????????????????,??????,????????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????,???????、????、????、??????、???????,??????,???????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????,??,??,??,??? ?,??,,??,??,??,??,??,??,????????,??????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????????????????:???????,??????,????,????,????,?????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????????????,????,????,????,???????,?????,?????.??????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????????,?????????????,???????????.????????????,????????????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????,??:??????,????,????,????,?????,??????????????. ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????,???????????????。?????????????,???????,?????????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????,????(??)????????，??????，????，???，????，???????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????,?????????????,?????????????,??????,????,????,??????????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????????,????????,????:???????,??????,????,????,?????,?????,??????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????????,????,????,??????????。???????????????,??,??,??????????,??????... ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????,??????????????、???????、???????、???????、?????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ???????????,?????????????? ??。????????、????、????、?????????? ???????。 ??????-??????【??】??????????: ????????????、?????、?????、?????、?????、????,???????????,?????,??????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????、?????、?????、????、?????,??????????。????????????????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????,????????????,?????、??、????,?????,??????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ?????????????????,???????????????。???????????,??????:????、????、???????！ ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????,?????????????,????,?????????,?????????????,?????,?????! ??????-??????【??】??????????: ??????????????????,???????????,??????????????,??????????，??????????????！

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• Of transactions and Mongo

  - by Nuri Halperin

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/nuri/archive/2014/05/20/of-transactions-and-mongo-again.aspxWhat's the first thing you hear about NoSQL databases? That they lose your data? That there's no transactions? No joins? No hope for "real" applications? Well, you *should* be wondering whether a certain of database is the right one for your job. But if you do so, you should be wondering that about "traditional" databases as well! In the spirit of exploration let's take a look at a common challenge: You are a bank. You have customers with accounts. Customer A wants to pay B. You want to allow that only if A can cover the amount being transferred. Let's looks at the problem without any context of any database engine in mind. What would you do? How would you ensure that the amount transfer is done "properly"? Would you prevent a "transaction" from taking place unless A can cover the amount? There are several options: Prevent any change to A's account while the transfer is taking place. That boils down to locking. Apply the change, and allow A's balance to go below zero. Charge person A some interest on the negative balance. Not friendly, but certainly a choice. Don't do either. Options 1 and 2 are difficult to attain in the NoSQL world. Mongo won't save you headaches here either. Option 3 looks a bit harsh. But here's where this can go: ledger. See, and account doesn't need to be represented by a single row in a table of all accounts with only the current balance on it. More often than not, accounting systems use ledgers. And entries in ledgers - as it turns out – don't actually get updated. Once a ledger entry is written, it is not removed or altered. A transaction is represented by an entry in the ledger stating and amount withdrawn from A's account and an entry in the ledger stating an addition of said amount to B's account. For sake of space-saving, that entry in the ledger can happen using one entry. Think {Timestamp, FromAccountId, ToAccountId, Amount}. The implication of the original question – "how do you enforce non-negative balance rule" then boils down to: Insert entry in ledger Run validation of recent entries Insert reverse entry to roll back transaction if validation failed. What is validation? Sum up the transactions that A's account has (all deposits and debits), and ensure the balance is positive. For sake of efficiency, one can roll up transactions and "close the book" on transactions with a pseudo entry stating balance as of midnight or something. This lets you avoid doing math on the fly on too many transactions. You simply run from the latest "approved balance" marker to date. But that's an optimization, and premature optimizations are the root of (some? most?) evil.. Back to some nagging questions though: "But mongo is only eventually consistent!" Well, yes, kind of. It's not actually true that Mongo has not transactions. It would be more descriptive to say that Mongo's transaction scope is a single document in a single collection. A write to a Mongo document happens completely or not at all. So although it is true that you can't update more than one documents "at the same time" under a "transaction" umbrella as an atomic update, it is NOT true that there' is no isolation. So a competition between two concurrent updates is completely coherent and the writes will be serialized. They will not scribble on the same document at the same time. In our case - in choosing a ledger approach - we're not even trying to "update" a document, we're simply adding a document to a collection. So there goes the "no transaction" issue. Now let's turn our attention to consistency. What you should know about mongo is that at any given moment, only on member of a replica set is writable. This means that the writable instance in a set of replicated instances always has "the truth". There could be a replication lag such that a reader going to one of the replicas still sees "old" state of a collection or document. But in our ledger case, things fall nicely into place: Run your validation against the writable instance. It is guaranteed to have a ledger either with (after) or without (before) the ledger entry got written. No funky states. Again, the ledger writing *adds* a document, so there's no inconsistent document state to be had either way. Next, we might worry about data loss. Here, mongo offers several write-concerns. Write-concern in Mongo is a mode that marshals how uptight you want the db engine to be about actually persisting a document write to disk before it reports to the application that it is "done". The most volatile, is to say you don't care. In that case, mongo would just accept your write command and say back "thanks" with no guarantee of persistence. If the server loses power at the wrong moment, it may have said "ok" but actually no written the data to disk. That's kind of bad. Don't do that with data you care about. It may be good for votes on a pole regarding how cute a furry animal is, but not so good for business. There are several other write-concerns varying from flushing the write to the disk of the writable instance, flushing to disk on several members of the replica set, a majority of the replica set or all of the members of a replica set. The former choice is the quickest, as no network coordination is required besides the main writable instance. The others impose extra network and time cost. Depending on your tolerance for latency and read-lag, you will face a choice of what works for you. It's really important to understand that no data loss occurs once a document is flushed to an instance. The record is on disk at that point. From that point on, backup strategies and disaster recovery are your worry, not loss of power to the writable machine. This scenario is not different from a relational database at that point. Where does this leave us? Oh, yes. Eventual consistency. By now, we ensured that the "source of truth" instance has the correct data, persisted and coherent. But because of lag, the app may have gone to the writable instance, performed the update and then gone to a replica and looked at the ledger there before the transaction replicated. Here are 2 options to deal with this. Similar to write concerns, mongo support read preferences. An app may choose to read only from the writable instance. This is not an awesome choice to make for every ready, because it just burdens the one instance, and doesn't make use of the other read-only servers. But this choice can be made on a query by query basis. So for the app that our person A is using, we can have person A issue the transfer command to B, and then if that same app is going to immediately as "are we there yet?" we'll query that same writable instance. But B and anyone else in the world can just chill and read from the read-only instance. They have no basis to expect that the ledger has just been written to. So as far as they know, the transaction hasn't happened until they see it appear later. We can further relax the demand by creating application UI that reacts to a write command with "thank you, we will post it shortly" instead of "thank you, we just did everything and here's the new balance". This is a very powerful thing. UI design for highly scalable systems can't insist that the all databases be locked just to paint an "all done" on screen. People understand. They were trained by many online businesses already that your placing of an order does not mean that your product is already outside your door waiting (yes, I know, large retailers are working on it... but were' not there yet). The second thing we can do, is add some artificial delay to a transaction's visibility on the ledger. The way that works is simply adding some logic such that the query against the ledger never nets a transaction for customers newer than say 15 minutes and who's validation flag is not set. This buys us time 2 ways: Replication can catch up to all instances by then, and validation rules can run and determine if this transaction should be "negated" with a compensating transaction. In case we do need to "roll back" the transaction, the backend system can place the timestamp of the compensating transaction at the exact same time or 1ms after the original one. Effectively, once A or B visits their ledger, both transactions would be visible and the overall balance "as of now" would reflect no change.  The 2 transactions (attempted/ reverted) would be visible , since we do actually account for the attempt. Hold on a second. There's a hole in the story: what if several transfers from A to some accounts are registered, and 2 independent validators attempt to compute the balance concurrently? Is there a chance that both would conclude non-sufficient-funds even though rolling back transaction 100 would free up enough for transaction 117 (some random later transaction)? Yes. there is that chance. But the integrity of the business rule is not compromised, since the prime rule is don't dispense money you don't have. To minimize or eliminate this scenario, we can also assign a single validation process per origin account. This may seem non-scalable, but it can easily be done as a "sharded" distribution. Say we have 11 validation threads (or processing nodes etc.). We divide the account number space such that each validator is exclusively responsible for a certain range of account numbers. Sounds cunningly similar to Mongo's sharding strategy, doesn't it? Each validator then works in isolation. More capacity needed? Chop the account space into more chunks. So where  are we now with the nagging questions? "No joins": Huh? What are those for? "No transactions": You mean no cross-collection and no cross-document transactions? Granted - but don't always need them either. "No hope for real applications": well... There are more issues and edge cases to slog through, I'm sure. But hopefully this gives you some ideas of how to solve common problems without distributed locking and relational databases. But then again, you can choose relational databases if they suit your problem.

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• Batch file to uninstall all Sun Java versions?

  - by Ricket

  I'm setting up a system to keep Java in our office up to date. Everyone has all different versions of Java, many of them old and insecure, and some dating back as far as 1.4. I have a System Center Essentials server which can push out and silently run a .msi file, and I've already tested that it can install the latest Java. But old versions (such as 1.4) aren't removed by the installer, so I need to uninstall them. Everyone is running Windows XP. The neat coincidence is that Sun just got bought by Oracle and Oracle has now changed all the instances of "Sun" to "Oracle" in Java. So, I can conveniently not have to worry about uninstalling the latest Java, because I can just do a search and uninstall all Sun Java programs. I found the following batch script on a forum post which looked promising: @echo off & cls Rem List all Installation subkeys from uninstall key. echo Searching Registry for Java Installs for /f %%I in ('reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\microsoft\windows\currentversion\uninstall') do echo %%I | find "{" > nul && call :All-Installations %%I echo Search Complete.. goto :EOF :All-Installations Rem Filter out all but the Sun Installations for /f "tokens=2*" %%T in ('reg query %1 /v Publisher 2^> nul') do echo %%U | find "Sun" > nul && call :Sun-Installations %1 goto :EOF :Sun-Installations Rem Filter out all but the Sun-Java Installations. Note the tilda + n, which drops all the subkeys from the path for /f "tokens=2*" %%T in ('reg query %1 /v DisplayName 2^> nul') do echo . Uninstalling - %%U: | find "Java" && call :Sun-Java-Installs %~n1 goto :EOF :Sun-Java-Installs Rem Run Uninstaller for the installation MsiExec.exe /x%1 /qb echo . Uninstall Complete, Resuming Search.. goto :EOF However, when I run the script, I get the following output: Searching Registry for Java Installs 'DEV_24x6' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file. 'SUBSYS_542214F1' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file. And then it appears to hang and I ctrl-c to stop it. Reading through the script, I don't understand everything, but I don't know why it is trying to run pieces of registry keys as programs. What is wrong with the batch script? How can I fix it, so that I can move on to somehow turning it into a MSI and deploying it to everyone to clean up this office? Or alternatively, can you suggest a better solution or existing MSI file to do what I need? I just want to make sure to get all the old versions of Java off of everyone's computers, since I've heard of exploits that cause web pages to load using old versions of Java and I want to avoid those.

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• Ubuntu won't suspend anymore, but it did upon install.

  - by Bruce Connor

  I fresh installed Ubuntu 10.10 back when it came out, and my laptop was suspending fine. All of a sudden, I can't get my laptop to suspend anymore. It's an HP Pavilion dv2-1110, but I don't think it's a hardware issue, here's why: It suspended fine upon first install. I haven't installed any new kernels since then, but I have installed tons of packages, so it's probably a package. The suspend and hibernate options disappeared from the shutdown menu. If I press my keyboard's suspend button (or if I close the lid) I get the following message: If I try the command pmi action suspend, I get the error message: Error org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name org.freedesktop.Hal was not provided by any .service files. If I try the command echo -n mem > sudo /sys/power/state I get absolutely no output and no visible effect. What might be causing this behavior? I thought a list of installed packages might be useful, but it's huge and I don't know how to post it here in collapse/expand mode or something. EDIT:Just in case someone asks, none of the installed packages are kdm or anything like that (which would justify the lack of options in gnome's shutdown menu).

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• how to record mic input and pipe the output to another program

  - by acrs

  Hi everyone Im trying to follow a tutorial on generating truly random bits How To Generate Truly Random Bits This is the command from the tutorial but it does not work rec -c 1 -d /dev/dsp -r 8000 -t wav -s w - | ./noise-filter >bits I know i can record my mic input using rec -c 1 no.wav this is the command i tried using rec -c 1 -r 8000 -t wav -s noise.wav | ./noise-filter >bits but i get root@xxc:~/cc# rec -c 1 -r 8000 -t wav -s noise.wav - | ./noise-filter >bits rec WARN formats: can't set sample rate 8000; using 48000 rec FAIL sox: Input files must have the same sample-rate I have complied noise-filter noise-filter I think the tutorial is using an older version of SOX and REC I'm using sox: SoX v14.3.2 on Ubuntu 12.04 server Can someone please help me ?

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• Can not run ifconfig like commands via browser

  - by savruk

  Problem is I cannot run "ifconfig" or similar commands via browser. Environment: Programming language : python Server : lighttpd(CGI) , running on busybox. Well machine is really small and so I am really restricted. Tried techniques: chown every script to root. But there is no differences. Why? Because lighttpd runs under another user, I mean not under root. As it is not root, when I try to run script from browser it always calls the python file with its uid. So it makes it impossible to run "ifconfig eth0 192.168.2.123" like commands via web browser. I get "ifconfig: SIOCSIFADDR: Permission denied" error. What can I do? I do not have any sudoers file, so cannot modify sudo command. Well, I don't even have "sudo" command :) Thanks for your help

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• Filename encoding broken after unzip on windows

  - by flammi88

  I zipped a directory on my linux server. Many files in the directory have german umlauts in their filename. The filesystem is ext3 and the system locale is set to de_DE.utf8. I used the following command to create the zip file: zip -r somezip.zip somefolder/ I transfered this file via WinSCP to my windows laptop and unzipped it. The issue: All filenames with german umlauts are broken. On my linux server the filenames are displayed correctly. I assume that I made a mistake when i created the zip file. Has someone any ideas how i can perserve the right filename encoding when I zip the files with the zip command on linux?

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• load-causing processes disappearing from "top" ps -o pcpu shows bogus numbers

  - by Alec Matusis

  I administer a large number of servers, and I have this problem only with Ubuntu 10.04 LTS: I run a server under normal load (say load average 3.0 on an 8-core server). The "top" command shows processes taking certain % of CPU that cause this load average: say PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 11008 mysql 20 0 25.9g 22g 5496 S 67 76.0 643539:38 mysqld ps -o pcpu,pid -p11008 %CPU PID 53.1 11008 , everything is consistent. The all of the sudden, the process causing the load average disappears from "top", but the process continues to run normally (albeit with a slight performance decrease), and the system load average becomes somewhat higher. The output of ps -o pcpu becomes bogus: # ps -o pcpu,pid -p11008 %CPU PID 317910278 1587 This happened to at least 5 different severs (different brand new IBM System X hardware), each running different software: one httpd 2.2, one mysqld 5.1, and one Twisted Python TCP servers. Each time the kernel was between 2.6.32-32-server and 2.6.32-40-server. I updated some machines to 2.6.32-41-server, and it has not happened on those yet, but the bug is rare (once every 60 days or so). This is from an affected machine: top - 10:39:06 up 73 days, 17:57, 3 users, load average: 6.62, 5.60, 5.34 Tasks: 207 total, 2 running, 205 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 11.4%us, 18.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 66.3%id, 4.3%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 74341464k total, 71985004k used, 2356460k free, 236456k buffers Swap: 3906552k total, 328k used, 3906224k free, 24838212k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 805 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 3 0.0 1493:09 fct0-worker 982 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 111:35.05 fioa-data-groom 914 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 884:42.71 fct1-worker 1068 root 20 0 19364 1496 1060 R 0 0.0 0:00.02 top Nothing causing high load is showing on top, but I have two highly loaded mysqld instances on it, that suddenly show crazy %CPU: #ps -o pcpu,pid,cmd -p1587 %CPU PID CMD 317713124 1587 /nail/encap/mysql-5.1.60/libexec/mysqld and #ps -o pcpu,pid,cmd -p1624 %CPU PID CMD 2802 1624 /nail/encap/mysql-5.1.60/libexec/mysqld Here are the numbers from # cat /proc/1587/stat 1587 (mysqld) S 1212 1088 1088 0 -1 4202752 14307313 0 162 0 85773299069 4611685932654088833 0 0 20 0 52 0 3549 27255418880 5483524 18446744073709551615 4194304 11111617 140733749236976 140733749235984 8858659 0 552967 4102 26345 18446744073709551615 0 0 17 5 0 0 0 0 0 the 14th and 15th numbers according to man proc are supposed to be utime %lu Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in user mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). This includes guest time, guest_time (time spent running a virtual CPU, see below), so that applications that are not aware of the guest time field do not lose that time from their calculations. stime %lu Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). On a normal server, these numbers are advancing, every time I check the /proc/PID/stat. On a buggy server, these numbers are stuck at a ridiculously high value like 4611685932654088833, and it's not changing. Has anyone encountered this bug?

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• SSH + MysqlDump Remote Backup Script

  - by bundini

  I'm trying to issue a remote mysqldump command, redirect stdout to a dmp file, then tar that up. I'm a bit confused as to how to do the redirection bits over ssh: i.e. ssh [email protected] mysqldump $dbname -u admin -p > dbdump.dmp && tar cvzf dbdump.tar.gz dbdump.dmp Issues: 1) I'm not providing the password because I want it to prompt me. Will an ssh remote command deal with this? 2) What's the deal with the syntax? Do I want to use quotations, or don't I? What happens with the redirects and pipes? Do those have to be escaped or formatted in some special fashion.

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• Why do I always get this error when using 'apt-get' commands?

  - by Venki

  I am using Ubuntu 14.04(with Unity). Just today(as of the date of this post) I did a sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade and at the end of the 'Upgrade' process I got the following error :- Setting up crossplatformui (1.0.38) ... * Stopping ACPI services... [ OK ] * Starting ACPI services... [ OK ] package libqtgui4 exist QT_VERSION = 4 make -C /lib/modules/3.13.0-27-generic/build M=/usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27 modules make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-27-generic' CC [M] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.o /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:34:28: fatal error: linux/smp_lock.h: No such file or directory #include <linux/smp_lock.h> ^ compilation terminated. make[2]: *** [/usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.o] Error 1 make[1]: *** [_module_/usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-27-generic' make: *** [modules] Error 2 dpkg: error processing package crossplatformui (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 Errors were encountered while processing: crossplatformui E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) From then on whatever apt-get command I use(so far as I know, except apt-get update) I keep getting the above error at the end of the process. But whichever apt-get command I use does what it has to without fail.(For example I tried installing blender with sudo apt-get install blender and it installed fine though it showed the above error.) After this I even got a kernel update(from 3.13.0-27 to 3.13.0-29 via the Software Updater), but even now the issue persists. How do I solve this issue?

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• debian packages version convention

  - by JackWu

  I'm using debian/Ubuntu, and get confused about versions of packages. When using dpkg -l command, I get: ii vim 2:7.3.429-2ubuntu2.1 Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor ii vim-common 2:7.3.429-2ubuntu2.1 Vi IMproved - Common files ii vim-runtime 2:7.3.429-2ubuntu2.1 Vi IMproved - Runtime files ii vim-tiny 2:7.3.429-2ubuntu2.1 Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor - compact version ii virt-what 1.11-1 detect if we are running in a virtual machine ii w3m 0.5.3-5ubuntu1 WWW browsable pager with excellent tables/frames support ii watershed 6 reduce superfluous executions of idempotent command ii wget 1.13.4-2ubuntu1 retrieves files from the web ii whiptail 0.52.11-2ubuntu10 Displays user-friendly dialog boxes from shell scripts ii whoopsie 0.1.33 Ubuntu crash database submission daemon ii wimlib9 1.5.0-1~webupd8~precise Library to extract, create, modify, and mount WIM files ii wimtools 1.5.0-1~webupd8~precise Tools to extract, create, modify, and mount WIM files ii wireless-tools 30~pre9-5ubuntu2 Tools for manipulating Linux Wireless Extensions ii wpasupplicant 0.7.3-6ubuntu2.1 client support for WPA and WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i) ii x11-common 1:7.6+12ubuntu2 X Window System (X.Org) infrastructure ii x11-utils 7.6+4ubuntu0.1 X11 utilities ii xauth 1:1.0.6-1 X authentication utility ii xbitmaps 1.1.1-1 Base X bitmaps ii xclip 0.12-1 command line interface to X selections ii xfonts-encodings 1:1.0.4-1ubuntu1 Encodings for X.Org fonts ii xfonts-utils 1:7.6+1 X Window System font utility programs ii xkb-data 2.5-1ubuntu1.3 X Keyboard Extension (XKB) configuration data ii xml-core 0.13 XML infrastructure and XML catalog file support rc xpdf 3.02-21build1 Portable Document Format (PDF) reader ii xterm 271-1ubuntu2.1 X terminal emulator ii xz-lzma 5.1.1alpha+20110809-3 XZ-format compression utilities - compatibility commands ii xz-utils 5.1.1alpha+20110809-3 XZ-format compression utilities ii zabbix-agent 1:1.8.11-1 network monitoring solution - agent ii zlib1g 1:1.2.3.4.dfsg-3ubuntu4 compression library - runtime ii zlib1g-dev 1:1.2.3.4.dfsg-3ubuntu4 compression library - development ii zsh 4.3.17-1ubuntu1 shell with lots of features The third column is version, but it all messed up in a way I can't understand. I mean, different packages use total different naming specification. Here are the major questions: Why there are ubuntu in them, and there are not? what all the special -~+ mean? alpha and build, dfsg, what are they? Can I just use them casually? vim and other packages have 2:, what does that mean? How version comparison works, since they can be so different? Can anyone please explain this to me? Or where can I find an official document? Thanks in advance.

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• Filename encoding broken after unzip on windows

  - by flammi88

  I zipped a directory on my linux server. Many files in the directory have german umlauts in their filename. The filesystem is ext3 and the system locale is set to de_DE.utf8. I used the following command to create the zip file: zip -r somezip.zip somefolder/ I transfered this file via WinSCP to my windows laptop and unzipped it. The issue: All filenames with german umlauts are broken. On my linux server the filenames are displayed correctly. I assume that I made a mistake when i created the zip file. Has someone any ideas how i can perserve the right filename encoding when I zip the files with the zip command on linux?

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• Wireless router not connection -> AP Not associated

  - by candido

  I can not connect to internet by wireless router after some months with ubuntu 10.04. I can connect with the same portable but with win OS. My SO is ubuntu 10.04 linux 2.6.32-41 arch SMP i686. The internet wireless network controller is Atheros AR9285 chipset (pci express) Kernel module ath9k I have tried a command line connection: $ sudo /etc/init.d/network-manager stop #stop gui network manager $ iwconfig wlan0 essid WLAN_3C key s:C001D20550B3C $ ifconfig Access Point: NOT-ASSOCIATED $dmesg ... AP 00:1a:2b:08:60:49 associated Is the SO has connected to router for booting long ( associated message), after boot and login why the connection to router is not possible by network-manager or command line (NOT associated message)? Thanks in advance

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