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• How do I get a rt2800usb wireless device working?

  - by Jii

  My brand new desktop running 13.04 has endless problems with wireless. Dozens of others are flooding forums with reports of the same problems. It worked fine for a few days, then there were a few days where it started having problems sometimes and working sometimes. Now it never works at all. I have 5+ devices all able to connect without any trouble at all, including iPhone, Android phone, 3DS, multiple game consoles, a laptop running windows 7, and even a second desktop machine running Ubuntu 12.04 sitting right behind the 13.04 machine. All other devices have full wireless bars displayed (strong signals). At any moment, one of the following is happening, and it changes randomly: Trying to connect forever, but never establishing a connection. Wireless icon constantly animating. Finds no wireless networks at all. (There are 12+ in range according to other devices.) Will not try to connect to the network. If I use the icon to connect, it will display "Disconnected" within a few seconds. Will continuously ask for the network password. Typing it in correctly does not help. Wireless is working fine. This happens sometimes. It can work for days at a time, or only 10 mins at a time. Various things that usually do nothing but sometimes fix the problem: Reboot. This has the best chance of helping, but it usually takes 5+ times. Disable/re-enable Wi-Fi using the wireless icon. Disable/re-enable Networking using the wireless icon. Use the icon to try and connect to a network (if found). Use the icon to open Edit Connections and delete my connection info, causing it to be recreated (once it's actually found again). Various things that seem to make no difference: Changing between using Linux headers in grub at bootup, between 3.10.0, 3.9.0, or 3.8.0. Move the wireless router very close to the desktop. Running sudo rfkill unblock all (I dunno what this is supposed to do.) I've used Ubuntu for 6 years and I've never had a problem with networking. Now I'm spending all my time reading through endless problem reports and trying all the answers. None of them have helped. I am doing this instead of getting work done, which is defeating the whole purpose of using Ubuntu. It's heartbreaking to be honest. In the current state of "no networks are showing up", here are outputs from the random things that other people are usually asked to run: lspic 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell DRAM Controller (rev 06) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection I217-V (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Lynx Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d4) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev d4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Lynx Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 [GeForce GT 610] (rev a1) 01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 HDMI Audio Controller (rev a1) 03:00.0 PCI bridge: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1083/1085 PCIe to PCI Bridge (rev 03) lsmod Module Size Used by e100 41119 0 nls_iso8859_1 12713 1 parport_pc 28284 0 ppdev 17106 0 bnep 18258 2 rfcomm 47863 12 binfmt_misc 17540 1 arc4 12573 2 rt2800usb 27201 0 rt2x00usb 20857 1 rt2800usb rt2800lib 68029 1 rt2800usb rt2x00lib 55764 3 rt2x00usb,rt2800lib,rt2800usb coretemp 13596 0 mac80211 656164 3 rt2x00lib,rt2x00usb,rt2800lib kvm_intel 138733 0 kvm 452835 1 kvm_intel cfg80211 547224 2 mac80211,rt2x00lib crc_ccitt 12707 1 rt2800lib ghash_clmulni_intel 13259 0 aesni_intel 55449 0 usb_storage 61749 1 aes_x86_64 17131 1 aesni_intel joydev 17613 0 xts 12922 1 aesni_intel nouveau 1001310 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 37407 1 lrw 13294 1 aesni_intel gf128mul 14951 2 lrw,xts mxm_wmi 13021 1 nouveau snd_hda_codec_realtek 46511 1 ablk_helper 13597 1 aesni_intel wmi 19256 2 mxm_wmi,nouveau snd_hda_intel 44397 5 ttm 88251 1 nouveau drm_kms_helper 49082 1 nouveau drm 295908 5 ttm,drm_kms_helper,nouveau snd_hda_codec 190010 3 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel cryptd 20501 3 ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel,ablk_helper snd_hwdep 13613 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 102477 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel btusb 18291 0 snd_page_alloc 18798 2 snd_pcm,snd_hda_intel snd_seq_midi 13324 0 i2c_algo_bit 13564 1 nouveau snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi 30417 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61930 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi bluetooth 251354 22 bnep,btusb,rfcomm snd_seq_device 14497 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi lpc_ich 17060 0 snd_timer 29989 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq mei 46588 0 snd 69533 20 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_seq_device psmouse 97838 0 microcode 22923 0 soundcore 12680 1 snd video 19467 1 nouveau mac_hid 13253 0 serio_raw 13215 0 lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 lp,ppdev,parport_pc hid_generic 12548 0 usbhid 47346 0 hid 101248 2 hid_generic,usbhid ahci 30063 3 libahci 32088 1 ahci e1000e 207005 0 ptp 18668 1 e1000e pps_core 14080 1 ptp sudo lshw -c network 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell DRAM Controller (rev 06) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection I217-V (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Lynx Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d4) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev d4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Lynx Point LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Lynx Point 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Lynx Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 [GeForce GT 610] (rev a1) 01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 HDMI Audio Controller (rev a1) 03:00.0 PCI bridge: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1083/1085 PCIe to PCI Bridge (rev 03) sudo iwconfig eth0 no wireless extensions. lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on sudo iwlist scan eth0 Interface doesn't support scanning. lo Interface doesn't support scanning. wlan0 No scan results NOTE: This dmesg was done after a reboot where the network manager was continuously displaying the "disconnected" message over and over. So it must have been trying to connect at this time. My network was displayed in the list of options, as the only option despite other devices picking up 12+ access points. The router channel is set to auto. dmesg | tail -30 [ 187.418446] wlan0: associated [ 190.405601] wlan0: disassociated from 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 (Reason: 15) [ 190.443312] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [ 190.443431] wlan0: deauthenticating from 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 by local choice (reason=3) [ 190.451635] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [ 190.451643] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [ 190.451648] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 190.451652] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 190.451656] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 190.451659] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 190.451662] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 191.824451] wlan0: authenticate with 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 [ 191.850608] wlan0: send auth to 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 (try 1/3) [ 191.884604] wlan0: send auth to 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 (try 2/3) [ 191.886309] wlan0: authenticated [ 191.886579] rt2800usb 3-5.3:1.0 wlan0: disabling HT as WMM/QoS is not supported by the AP [ 191.886588] rt2800usb 3-5.3:1.0 wlan0: disabling VHT as WMM/QoS is not supported by the AP [ 191.889556] wlan0: associate with 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 (try 1/3) [ 192.001493] wlan0: associate with 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 (try 2/3) [ 192.040274] wlan0: RX AssocResp from 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 (capab=0x431 status=0 aid=3) [ 192.044235] wlan0: associated [ 193.948188] wlan0: deauthenticating from 00:14:d1:a8:c3:44 by local choice (reason=3) [ 193.981501] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [ 193.984080] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [ 193.984082] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [ 193.984084] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 193.984085] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 193.984085] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 193.984086] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 193.984087] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) The router uses MAC filtering, and security is WPA PSK with cipher as auto. So, any ideas? Or is the solution just to not use 13.04 unless you have a wired connection? (I don't have this option.) If so, please just tell me straight. I survived 9.04 Jaunty, and I can survive 13.04 Raring. Update #1 Results from trying Wild Man's first answer: jii@conan:~$ echo "options rt2800usb nohwcrypt=y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rt2800usb.conf options rt2800usb nohwcrypt=y jii@conan:~$ sudo modprobe -rfv rt2800usb rmmod rt2800usb rmmod rt2800lib rmmod crc_ccitt rmmod rt2x00usb rmmod rt2x00lib rmmod mac80211 rmmod cfg80211 jii@conan:~$ sudo modprobe -v rt2800usb insmod /lib/modules/3.10.0-031000-generic/kernel/lib/crc-ccitt.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.10.0-031000-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.10.0-031000-generic/kernel/net/mac80211/mac80211.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.10.0-031000-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2x00lib.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.10.0-031000-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2800lib.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.10.0-031000-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2x00usb.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.10.0-031000-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2800usb.ko nohwcrypt=y I tried: gksudo gedit /etc/pm/power.d/wireless but I didn't have the package. It said to install gksu. I tried that, but of course, not having Internet, I didn't get the package. So instead I did: sudo gedit /etc/pm/power.d/wireless Which created the file. Here is the body: #!/bin/sh /sbin/iwconfig wlan0 power off I then rebooted. No change. I tried adding exit 0 to the bottom of the wireless file, and rebooted. No change. Please note that this is a desktop machine. I'm assuming power management is primarily for laptops, but the iwconfig does state that power management is on, so who knows. The recommended router changes I did not do, since the current router settings are (I think) required for some of the older devices I have, and because the current settings work on all my modern devices including Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7. I do appreciate the advice though, and I'll look into it when I have time. Anything else to try? Update #2 I booted into Ubuntu 12.04.3 from a dvd, and the same problems exist. I have a separate old desktop machine with 12.04 installed that has no wireless problems at all. So obviously the problem is wireless hardware compatibility in both 12.04.03 LTS and 13.04. Update #3 The same problems exist even when using a wired connection. I plugged an ethernet cable directly to the router and the network manager added an "Auto Ethernet" entry, but it cannot establish a connection to it. So the problem is not specific to wireless. Meanwhile, I purchased a Trendnet N300 wireless USB adapter, TEW-664UB. I plugged it in, but I have no idea how to get Ubuntu to try and use it. Can anyone tell me how? Can I download a package on another computer and copy the .deb over to do an install, etc? I'm installing windows 7 to double check that the internet connection works there and it's not just some magically faulty hardware. Thanks for your help.

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• My Red Gate Experience

  - by Colin Rothwell

  I’m Colin, and I’ve been an intern working with Mike in publishing on Simple-Talk and SQLServerCentral for the past ten weeks. I’ve mostly been working “behind the scenes”, making improvements to the spam filtering, along with various other small tweaks. When I arrived at Red Gate, one of the first things Mike asked me was what I wanted to get out of the internship. It wasn’t a question I’d given a great deal of thought to, but my immediate response was the same as almost anybody: to support my growing family. Well, ok, not quite that, but money was certainly a motivator, along with simply making sure that I didn’t get bored over the summer. Three months is a long time to fill, and many of my friends end up getting bored, or worse, knitting obsessively. With the arrogance which seems fairly common among Cambridge people, I wasn’t expecting to really learn much here! In my mind, the part of the year where I am at Uni is the part where I learn things, whilst Red Gate would be an opportunity to apply what I’d learnt. Thankfully, the opposite is true: I’ve learnt a lot during my time here, and there has been a definite positive impact on the way I write code. The first thing I’ve really learnt is that test-driven development is, in general, a sensible way of working. Before coming, I didn’t really get it: how could you test something you hadn’t yet written? It didn’t make sense! My problem was seeing a test as having to test all the behaviour of a given function. Writing tests which test the bare minimum possible and building them up is a really good way of crystallising the direction the code needs to grow in, and ensures you never attempt to write too much code at time. One really good experience of this was early on in my internship when Mike and I were working on the query used to list active authors: I’d written something which I thought would do the trick, but by starting again using TDD we grew something which revealed that there were several subtle mistakes in the query I’d written. I’ve also been awakened to the value of pair programming. Whilst I could sort of see the point before coming, I also thought that it was impossible that two people would ever get more done at the same computer than if they were working separately. I still think that this is true for projects with pieces that developers can easily work on independently, and with developers who both know the codebase, but I’ve found that pair programming can be really good for learning a code base, and for building up small projects to the point where you can start working on separate components, as well as solving particularly difficult problems. Later on in my internship, for my down tools week project, I was working on adding Python support to Glimpse. Another intern and I we pair programmed the entire project, using ping pong pair programming as much as possible. One bonus that this brought which I wasn’t expecting was that I found myself less prone to distraction: with someone else peering over my shoulder, I didn’t have the ever-present temptation to open gmail, or facebook, or yammer, or twitter, or hacker news, or reddit, and so on, and so forth. I’m quite proud of this project: I think it’s some of the best code I’ve written. I’ve also been really won over to the value of descriptive variables names. In my pre-Red Gate life, as a lone-ranger style cowboy programmer, I’d developed a tendency towards laziness in variable names, sometimes abbreviating or, worse, using acronyms. I’ve swiftly realised that this is a bad idea when working with a team: saving a few key strokes is inevitably not worth it when it comes to reading code again in the future. Longer names also mean you can do away with a majority of comments. I appreciate that if you’ve come up with an O(n*log n) algorithm for something which seemed O(n^2), you probably want to explain how it works, but explaining what a variable name means is a big no no: it’s so very easy to change the behaviour of the code, whilst forgetting about the comments. Whilst at Red Gate, I took the opportunity to attend a code retreat, which really helped me to solidify all the things I’d learnt. To be completely free of any existing code base really lets you focus on best practises and think about how you write code. If you get a chance to go on a similar event, I’d highly recommend it! Cycling to Red Gate, I’ve also become much better at fitting inner tubes: if you’re struggling to get the tube out, or re-fit the tire, letting a bit of air out usually helps. I’ve also become quite a bit better at foosball and will miss having a foosball table! I’d like to finish off by saying thank you to everyone at Red Gate for having me. I’ve really enjoyed working with, and learning from, the team that brings you this web site. If you meet any of them, buy them a drink!

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• Skype support and dead parrot sketches

  - by Greg Low

  We as an industry have a lot to answer for. One thing is the level of support provided for users. Here's the conversation I'm having with Skype right now. It feels like being in a Monty Python skit. I was really hoping that when Microsoft purchased Skype that things might improve. 8:33:44 PM greglowInitial Question/Comment: Subscriptions (Unlimited Country, Unlimited Europe, Unlimited Region, Unlimited World)8:33:44 PM SystemThank you for contacting Skype Customer Support!8:33:49 PM SystemDonna Faye has joined this session!8:33:50 PM SystemConnected with Donna Faye8:33:50 PM SystemThank you for contacting Skype Customer Support!8:33:54 PM SystemPlease hold for the next available Live Support Agent.8:33:59 PM Donna FayeHello! Welcome to Skype Live Support! My name is Donna L. How may I help you?8:34:09 PM greglowI've got a subscription (skypename greglow)8:34:21 PM greglowIt's set to auto-renew8:34:45 PM greglowWhy have I been getting messages about my Skype number expiring, if it's set to renew automatically8:34:54 PM greglowand has recently renewed automatically8:35:09 PM Donna FayeThank you for the information.8:35:29 PM Donna FayeTo better assist you may I know your Skype name, please?8:35:37 PM greglowgreglow8:35:44 PM Donna FayeThank you.8:36:14 PM Donna FayeI understand your concern that you receive an email notification stating that your calling subscription will about to expire. Am I right?8:36:43 PM greglowNo, I got an email telling me that one of my Skype numbers was going to expire8:37:08 PM greglowWhen I went to the website, it said it was part of the subscription and the subscription was set to auto-renew8:37:18 PM greglowThe subscription auto-renewed on Oct XXth8:37:24 PM greglowBut the number still expired8:37:43 PM greglowWhen I logged on today, it said that the number had expired and that I had 52 days left to reactivate it8:37:58 PM greglowI did that but am trying to understand why that happens at all8:38:36 PM greglowWhy do you expire numbers that are part of auto-renewing subscriptions?8:39:49 PM Donna FayeUpon checking your account, your calling subscription link to three Online Numbers.8:39:55 PM greglowcorrect8:40:10 PM greglowbut until an hour or so ago, one of them had expired. why?8:40:54 PM Donna FayeLet me explain to you that now Online Number are detach to a calling subscription unlike before it was attach to the calling subscription so therefore each Online Number will recur individually.8:41:29 PM Donna FayeUpon checking your account it shows that all your Online Number will expire on October XX, 20138:41:44 PM Donna FayeIf you don't want to be charged again for you can cancel it anytime.8:41:59 PM greglowI have set it to charge automatically8:42:06 PM greglowso why do the numbers expire?8:42:32 PM Donna FayeNo they are not expired they are all active.8:42:33 PM greglowif there is an automatic payment set up, why does anything expire?8:42:52 PM greglowyes, but one of them was expired, and I only fixed it a few hours ago8:43:07 PM greglowI'm trying to understand why it expired8:44:54 PM Donna FayeThe email you got just notify you that you should have good enough funding source of your calling subscription and Online Number in order for this to recur.8:45:12 PM greglowAgreed. I did that but the number still expired. Why?8:45:38 PM Donna FayeHowever do not worry on this hence all Online Number are active and not expired.8:45:41 PM greglowWhen I logged on today it said that the number had expired and that I had 52 days left to reactivate it. Why did that happen?8:46:14 PM Donna FayeMay I know the Online Number you are pertaining, please?The number that had expired was (07) XXXX XXXX (Australia)8:49:19 PM Donna FayeOkay, do not worry on this Online Number because this will expire on October XX, 2013.8:49:38 PM Donna FayeThank you for all the information.8:49:46 PM greglowI understand that it won't expire now until next year. I'm trying to understand why it stopped working this time8:49:51 PM greglowso I can avoid that next time8:50:39 PM Donna FayeWhat do yo stop working, you mean that Online Number is unable to be reach out?8:50:59 PM Donna Faye*what do you mean by stop working8:51:18 PM greglowThe Skype number +61 7 XXXX XXXX stopped working because it expired8:51:32 PM Donna FayeNo, this into expired.8:51:34 PM greglowI'm trying to understand why it expired8:51:50 PM greglowSorry I don't follow "this into expired"8:52:39 PM Donna FayeLet me inform you that this Online Number is not expired.8:52:54 PM Donna FayePlease disregard the notification you see on your Skype account.8:53:02 PM greglowSorry, this is getting very frustrating. I already told you I fixed it today. I want to know why it happened.8:53:20 PM Donna FayeHence I can rest assured you that this is active until October XX, 2013.8:53:21 PM greglowSo I can avoid it happening again, on this account, or on our other accounts8:53:34 PM greglowCan I speak to someone who really understands this please?Donna FayeSkype send a notification to Skype users for their Skype product in order for them to be aware the expiration of your product however your Online Number still active on your account hence when your calling subscription Unlimited World recur your Online Number also recur. 8:57:59 PM Donna Faye I do apologize for this matter, please allow me to resolve this issue for you. 9:02:48 PM greglow My question is still the same: if it's set to auto-pay, why did it expire? 9:03:50 PM greglow Why did it stop working? Why did I have to "reactivate" it? 9:04:08 PM greglow Why didn't it just keep working if it's set to auto-pay? 9:04:30 PM greglow This isn't a difficult concept 9:04:34 PM Donna Faye Let me clarify to you that this is not the really expired what is emphasizing on this is when you don't have good enough funding source when you calling subscription recur the Online Number will possibly expired but seem that you have a good funding source then this will continue until 2013. 9:05:10 PM greglow When I logged on today, it was not working, and your website said it had expired and that I had 52 days left to reactivate it 9:05:17 PM greglow Why?and so on, and so on, and so on.... 

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• career advice for PhD scientist seeking to program?

  - by C SD

  I'm largely a self-taught programmer. In fact, I first started programming about half way through biophysics grad school, and even though I think I've done some pretty nice work, I've never worked as part of a 'serious' development team that had more than one or two other developers (and I wouldn't hesitate to call them equally inexperienced in software development as a profession). After finishing my PhD I applied to Google, on a lark, since I had some confidence in my abilities, if not necessarily my experience, and I was hoping to maybe slip in and absorb all the experience and talent I'd be surrounded with and become productive enough, quickly enough, that they wouldn't immediately regret their decision. I was excited to actually get invited to interview up at Mountain View (this was ~ mid 2008). Overall, my memory of the interview was very positive, but after close to a three month wait (is that normal?) they ended up turning me down. I wasn't too surprised or disappointed (aside from the uncomfortably long wait) given my unusual background and admitted lack of experience. I decided to continue as a postdoc, but focus on improving my skills rather than doing research. I've done about three years of that, and my honest assessment is that I've learned a ton more, but I really need more of a peer group to maintain or accelerate my growth. Google invited me to interview again about eight months ago, and the interview process went even better than the first time around (I thought), though they again declined to give me an offer. I have to admit this second rejection was much more discouraging. They had insisted I interview even after I mentioned to them that a move on my part was unlikely given that I had bought a house, gotten married, etc. since the first interview. I guess I was hoping they'd at least give me an offer that I could parlay into a more conventional, but still interesting, programming position close to home. So here I am, going on my third year out of grad school, a glorified postdoc and I'm starting to get pretty discouraged. Even though I could technically get 'back-on-track' for a career in science, I have been focusing the vast majority of this time on gaining programming experience rather than on research and publications. The problem is, whenever I look, most job listings have requirements that seem impossibly grandiose and I hesitate to apply. That, or the job/project seems incredibly dull. Ironically, applying to Google struck me as less intimidating. I suspect that either most people are just a lot less realistic than I am when it comes to assessing how long it will take for them to get up to speed, or they don't care; my fear is that I'm just woefully unqualified for any interesting, well paying work. IE: I'm confident I could switch fully back into C++ mode with a couple weeks work (I mostly use C,Python,C# daily) but I don't list myself as being 'proficient' in C++ on my CV, or applying for jobs that 'require' such knowledge. The few applications for which I did feel I was a legitimately good match have not elicited a response. I suspect the following things are potential problems with my application/CV and I would like feedback on: I don't have a CS degree. My BS was in biochemistry and molecular biology, my PhD in biophysics. I took a undergrad and grad level CS course at UCSD and completely killed them, but I don't know how to translate that to my CV effectively. I have a PhD, but it's not in CS... I've been debating if I should remove it from my CV, and wether or not it would then be misleading to list at least some of those years as some kind of 'programming' job (in many respects it was). I think there are sometimes strong stigmas associated with 'self-taught' programmers. I am certainly one of those. I even recognize that some of those stigmas hold a hint of truth, but I really do want to be an asset to a team. How do I communicate that even though I have been largely self-directing for ~8 years I can still take marching orders when needed? Do I just say so outright? Should I just become a lot less scrupulous about the whole process? anecdote: I have a friend who applied for positions where he completely fudged his qualifications to get past the first culling. He was much more honest and forthcoming about his actual qualifications when contacted and he still managed to get invited to a couple of interviews and even got some offers. His balls are larger than mine though.

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• Solving Big Problems with Oracle R Enterprise, Part I

  - by dbayard

  Abstract: This blog post will show how we used Oracle R Enterprise to tackle a customer’s big calculation problem across a big data set. Overview: Databases are great for managing large amounts of data in a central place with rigorous enterprise-level controls.  R is great for doing advanced computations.  Sometimes you need to do advanced computations on large amounts of data, subject to rigorous enterprise-level concerns.  This blog post shows how Oracle R Enterprise enables R plus the Oracle Database enabled us to do some pretty sophisticated calculations across 1 million accounts (each with many detailed records) in minutes. The problem: A financial services customer of mine has a need to calculate the historical internal rate of return (IRR) for its customers’ portfolios.  This information is needed for customer statements and the online web application.  In the past, they had solved this with a home-grown application that pulled trade and account data out of their data warehouse and ran the calculations.  But this home-grown application was not able to do this fast enough, plus it was a challenge for them to write and maintain the code that did the IRR calculation. IRR – a problem that R is good at solving: Internal Rate of Return is an interesting calculation in that in most real-world scenarios it is impractical to calculate exactly.  Rather, IRR is a calculation where approximation techniques need to be used.  In this blog post, we will discuss calculating the “money weighted rate of return” but in the actual customer proof of concept we used R to calculate both money weighted rate of returns and time weighted rate of returns.  You can learn more about the money weighted rate of returns here: http://www.wikinvest.com/wiki/Money-weighted_return First Steps- Calculating IRR in R We will start with calculating the IRR in standalone/desktop R.  In our second post, we will show how to take this desktop R function, deploy it to an Oracle Database, and make it work at real-world scale.  The first step we did was to get some sample data.  For a historical IRR calculation, you have a balances and cash flows.  In our case, the customer provided us with several accounts worth of sample data in Microsoft Excel.      The above figure shows part of the spreadsheet of sample data.  The data provides balances and cash flows for a sample account (BMV=beginning market value. FLOW=cash flow in/out of account. EMV=ending market value). Once we had the sample spreadsheet, the next step we did was to read the Excel data into R.  This is something that R does well.  R offers multiple ways to work with spreadsheet data.  For instance, one could save the spreadsheet as a .csv file.  In our case, the customer provided a spreadsheet file containing multiple sheets where each sheet provided data for a different sample account.  To handle this easily, we took advantage of the RODBC package which allowed us to read the Excel data sheet-by-sheet without having to create individual .csv files.  We wrote ourselves a little helper function called getsheet() around the RODBC package.  Then we loaded all of the sample accounts into a data.frame called SimpleMWRRData. Writing the IRR function At this point, it was time to write the money weighted rate of return (MWRR) function itself.  The definition of MWRR is easily found on the internet or if you are old school you can look in an investment performance text book.  In the customer proof, we based our calculations off the ones defined in the The Handbook of Investment Performance: A User’s Guide by David Spaulding since this is the reference book used by the customer.  (One of the nice things we found during the course of this proof-of-concept is that by using R to write our IRR functions we could easily incorporate the specific variations and business rules of the customer into the calculation.) The key thing with calculating IRR is the need to solve a complex equation with a numerical approximation technique.  For IRR, you need to find the value of the rate of return (r) that sets the Net Present Value of all the flows in and out of the account to zero.  With R, we solve this by defining our NPV function: where bmv is the beginning market value, cf is a vector of cash flows, t is a vector of time (relative to the beginning), emv is the ending market value, and tend is the ending time. Since solving for r is a one-dimensional optimization problem, we decided to take advantage of R’s optimize method (http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/optimize.html). The optimize method can be used to find a minimum or maximum; to find the value of r where our npv function is closest to zero, we wrapped our npv function inside the abs function and asked optimize to find the minimum.  Here is an example of using optimize: where low and high are scalars that indicate the range to search for an answer.   To test this out, we need to set values for bmv, cf, t, emv, tend, low, and high.  We will set low and high to some reasonable defaults. For example, this account had a negative 2.2% money weighted rate of return. Enhancing and Packaging the IRR function With numerical approximation methods like optimize, sometimes you will not be able to find an answer with your initial set of inputs.  To account for this, our approach was to first try to find an answer for r within a narrow range, then if we did not find an answer, try calling optimize() again with a broader range.  See the R help page on optimize()  for more details about the search range and its algorithm. At this point, we can now write a simplified version of our MWRR function.  (Our real-world version is  more sophisticated in that it calculates rate of returns for 5 different time periods [since inception, last quarter, year-to-date, last year, year before last year] in a single invocation.  In our actual customer proof, we also defined time-weighted rate of return calculations.  The beauty of R is that it was very easy to add these enhancements and additional calculations to our IRR package.)To simplify code deployment, we then created a new package of our IRR functions and sample data.  For this blog post, we only need to include our SimpleMWRR function and our SimpleMWRRData sample data.  We created the shell of the package by calling: To turn this package skeleton into something usable, at a minimum you need to edit the SimpleMWRR.Rd and SimpleMWRRData.Rd files in the \man subdirectory.  In those files, you need to at least provide a value for the “title” section. Once that is done, you can change directory to the IRR directory and type at the command-line: The myIRR package for this blog post (which has both SimpleMWRR source and SimpleMWRRData sample data) is downloadable from here: myIRR package Testing the myIRR package Here is an example of testing our IRR function once it was converted to an installable package: Calculating IRR for All the Accounts So far, we have shown how to calculate IRR for a single account.  The real-world issue is how do you calculate IRR for all of the accounts?This is the kind of situation where we can leverage the “Split-Apply-Combine” approach (see http://www.cscs.umich.edu/~crshalizi/weblog/815.html).  Given that our sample data can fit in memory, one easy approach is to use R’s “by” function.  (Other approaches to Split-Apply-Combine such as plyr can also be used.  See http://4dpiecharts.com/2011/12/16/a-quick-primer-on-split-apply-combine-problems/). Here is an example showing the use of “by” to calculate the money weighted rate of return for each account in our sample data set.  Recap and Next Steps At this point, you’ve seen the power of R being used to calculate IRR.  There were several good things: R could easily work with the spreadsheets of sample data we were given R’s optimize() function provided a nice way to solve for IRR- it was both fast and allowed us to avoid having to code our own iterative approximation algorithm R was a convenient language to express the customer-specific variations, business-rules, and exceptions that often occur in real-world calculations- these could be easily added to our IRR functions The Split-Apply-Combine technique can be used to perform calculations of IRR for multiple accounts at once. However, there are several challenges yet to be conquered at this point in our story: The actual data that needs to be used lives in a database, not in a spreadsheet The actual data is much, much bigger- too big to fit into the normal R memory space and too big to want to move across the network The overall process needs to run fast- much faster than a single processor The actual data needs to be kept secured- another reason to not want to move it from the database and across the network And the process of calculating the IRR needs to be integrated together with other database ETL activities, so that IRR’s can be calculated as part of the data warehouse refresh processes In our next blog post in this series, we will show you how Oracle R Enterprise solved these challenges.

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• nagios NRPE: Unable to read output

  - by user555854

  I currently set up a script to restart my http servers + php5 fpm but can't get it to work. I have googled and have found that mostly permissions are the problems of my error but can't figure it out. I start my script using /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H bart -c restart_http This is the output in my syslog on the node I want to restart Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Connection from 192.168.133.17 port 25028 Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Host address is in allowed_hosts Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Handling the connection... Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Host is asking for command 'restart_http' to be run... Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Running command: /usr/bin/sudo /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/http-restart Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Command completed with return code 1 and output: Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Return Code: 1, Output: NRPE: Unable to read output Jun 27 06:29:35 bart nrpe[8926]: Connection from 192.168.133.17 closed. If I run the command myself it runs fine (but asks for a password) (nagios user) This are the script permission and the script contents. -rwxrwxrwx 1 nagios nagios 142 Jun 26 21:41 /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/http-restart #!/bin/bash echo "ok" /etc/init.d/nginx stop /etc/init.d/nginx start /etc/init.d/php5-fpm stop /etc/init.d/php5-fpm start echo "done" I also added this line to visudo nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/ My local nagios nrpe.cfg ############################################################################# # Sample NRPE Config File # Written by: Ethan Galstad ([email protected]) # # # NOTES: # This is a sample configuration file for the NRPE daemon. It needs to be # located on the remote host that is running the NRPE daemon, not the host # from which the check_nrpe client is being executed. ############################################################################# # LOG FACILITY # The syslog facility that should be used for logging purposes. log_facility=daemon # PID FILE # The name of the file in which the NRPE daemon should write it's process ID # number. The file is only written if the NRPE daemon is started by the root # user and is running in standalone mode. pid_file=/var/run/nagios/nrpe.pid # PORT NUMBER # Port number we should wait for connections on. # NOTE: This must be a non-priviledged port (i.e. > 1024). # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd server_port=5666 # SERVER ADDRESS # Address that nrpe should bind to in case there are more than one interface # and you do not want nrpe to bind on all interfaces. # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd #server_address=127.0.0.1 # NRPE USER # This determines the effective user that the NRPE daemon should run as. # You can either supply a username or a UID. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd nrpe_user=nagios # NRPE GROUP # This determines the effective group that the NRPE daemon should run as. # You can either supply a group name or a GID. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd nrpe_group=nagios # ALLOWED HOST ADDRESSES # This is an optional comma-delimited list of IP address or hostnames # that are allowed to talk to the NRPE daemon. # # Note: The daemon only does rudimentary checking of the client's IP # address. I would highly recommend adding entries in your /etc/hosts.allow # file to allow only the specified host to connect to the port # you are running this daemon on. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.133.17 # COMMAND ARGUMENT PROCESSING # This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients # to specify arguments to commands that are executed. This option only works # if the daemon was configured with the --enable-command-args configure script # option. # # *** ENABLING THIS OPTION IS A SECURITY RISK! *** # Read the SECURITY file for information on some of the security implications # of enabling this variable. # # Values: 0=do not allow arguments, 1=allow command arguments dont_blame_nrpe=0 # COMMAND PREFIX # This option allows you to prefix all commands with a user-defined string. # A space is automatically added between the specified prefix string and the # command line from the command definition. # # *** THIS EXAMPLE MAY POSE A POTENTIAL SECURITY RISK, SO USE WITH CAUTION! *** # Usage scenario: # Execute restricted commmands using sudo. For this to work, you need to add # the nagios user to your /etc/sudoers. An example entry for alllowing # execution of the plugins from might be: # # nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/ # # This lets the nagios user run all commands in that directory (and only them) # without asking for a password. If you do this, make sure you don't give # random users write access to that directory or its contents! command_prefix=/usr/bin/sudo # DEBUGGING OPTION # This option determines whether or not debugging messages are logged to the # syslog facility. # Values: 0=debugging off, 1=debugging on debug=1 # COMMAND TIMEOUT # This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will # allow plugins to finish executing before killing them off. command_timeout=60 # CONNECTION TIMEOUT # This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will # wait for a connection to be established before exiting. This is sometimes # seen where a network problem stops the SSL being established even though # all network sessions are connected. This causes the nrpe daemons to # accumulate, eating system resources. Do not set this too low. connection_timeout=300 # WEEK RANDOM SEED OPTION # This directive allows you to use SSL even if your system does not have # a /dev/random or /dev/urandom (on purpose or because the necessary patches # were not applied). The random number generator will be seeded from a file # which is either a file pointed to by the environment valiable $RANDFILE # or $HOME/.rnd. If neither exists, the pseudo random number generator will # be initialized and a warning will be issued. # Values: 0=only seed from /dev/[u]random, 1=also seed from weak randomness #allow_weak_random_seed=1 # INCLUDE CONFIG FILE # This directive allows you to include definitions from an external config file. #include=<somefile.cfg> # INCLUDE CONFIG DIRECTORY # This directive allows you to include definitions from config files (with a # .cfg extension) in one or more directories (with recursion). #include_dir=<somedirectory> #include_dir=<someotherdirectory> # COMMAND DEFINITIONS # Command definitions that this daemon will run. Definitions # are in the following format: # # command[<command_name>]=<command_line> # # When the daemon receives a request to return the results of <command_name> # it will execute the command specified by the <command_line> argument. # # Unlike Nagios, the command line cannot contain macros - it must be # typed exactly as it should be executed. # # Note: Any plugins that are used in the command lines must reside # on the machine that this daemon is running on! The examples below # assume that you have plugins installed in a /usr/local/nagios/libexec # directory. Also note that you will have to modify the definitions below # to match the argument format the plugins expect. Remember, these are # examples only! # The following examples use hardcoded command arguments... command[check_users]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_hda1]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1 command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 # The following examples allow user-supplied arguments and can # only be used if the NRPE daemon was compiled with support for # command arguments *AND* the dont_blame_nrpe directive in this # config file is set to '1'. This poses a potential security risk, so # make sure you read the SECURITY file before doing this. #command[check_users]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_users -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ #command[check_load]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_load -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ #command[check_disk]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -p $ARG3$ #command[check_procs]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -s $ARG3$ command[restart_http]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/http-restart # # local configuration: # if you'd prefer, you can instead place directives here include=/etc/nagios/nrpe_local.cfg # # you can place your config snipplets into nrpe.d/ include_dir=/etc/nagios/nrpe.d/ My Sudoers files # /etc/sudoers # # This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root. # # See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file. # Defaults env_reset # Host alias specification # User alias specification # Cmnd alias specification # User privilege specification root ALL=(ALL) ALL nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/ # Allow members of group sudo to execute any command # (Note that later entries override this, so you might need to move # it further down) %sudo ALL=(ALL) ALL # #includedir /etc/sudoers.d Hopefully someone can help!

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• Problems configuring nameserver in plesk

  - by Saif Bechan

  Hello, i have some troubles with setting up a nameserver in PLESK for months now. I have tried all possible scenario's but i can not get this to work. I am really in need for some help, and if you can i will really appreciate it. Basically what i want is to just set up a nameserver in PLESK. I have a primary IP, and my host gave me a secondary nameserver i can use. My host is leaseweb in the netherlands. I have made some screenshots of the important parts in my opinion, maybe you guys can see some errors in them. To use the secondary nameserver provided by leaseweb i had to enable ACL on that account, i did so and made a screenshot of that too. The DNS recursion is set to localnets. These settings have not changed for months, so the dns should be fully updated everywhere. The check i run is the following: https://www.sidn.nl/over-nl/aanvraag...-server-check/ Domeinnaam (inclusief .nl): rdshosting.nl Eerste Nameserver: ns1.rdshosting.nl Eerste IP: 62.212.66.33 Tweede Nameserver: ns7.leaseweb.net Tweede ip: 62.212.76.50 If i run the dns check of the netherlands it gives me the following errors: primary name server "ns1.rdshosting.nl." Error: specified name server is not listed as NS record. All public name servers for a domain must also be listed as NS records in the zone of the domain. This domain was specified explicitly as a name server, but not found in the zone description of the primary name server. TE.6a rdshosting.nl. 86400 IN SOA ns1.rdspartners.nl. saif2k.hotmail.com. (2010031102 12H 1H 7D 3H) Error: the MNAME in SOA says "ns1.rdspartners.nl." is the primary name server. The MNAME field in the SOA record (first parameter) lists a different primary name server from the one specified for this check. RFC1035 section 3.3.13 rdshosting.nl. 86400 IN NS ns1.rdspartners.nl. Warning: hidden name server "ns1.rdspartners.nl." never used for first contact. The zone contains an NS record for a host which is not in the list of specified name servers. Hence, this name server will not be used to initiate contact to the domain. It may be used in sequential lookups, so it may still be useful. secondary name server "ns1.rdspartners.nl." [BROKEN] [HIDDEN] Failure: name server at 77.232.85.129 cannot be reached: (unknown error) The name server could not be contacted, which may be due to temporary technical problems or global DNS configuration mistakes. The internal error is shown, but not always clear about the cause. secondary name server "ns7.leaseweb.net." Info: name server looks correctly configured. I have the content of the file etc/named.conf also: // $Id: named.conf,v 1.1.1.1 2001/10/15 07:44:36 kap Exp $ // // Refer to the named(8) man page for details. If you are ever going // to setup a primary server, make sure you've understood the hairy // details of how DNS is working. Even with simple mistakes, you can // break connectivity for affected parties, or cause huge amount of // useless Internet traffic. options { allow-recursion { localnets; }; directory "/var"; auth-nxdomain no; pid-file "/var/run/named/named.pid"; // In addition to the "forwarders" clause, you can force your name // server to never initiate queries of its own, but always ask its // forwarders only, by enabling the following line: // // forward only; // If you've got a DNS server around at your upstream provider, enter // its IP address here, and enable the line below. This will make you // benefit from its cache, thus reduce overall DNS traffic in the Internet. /* forwarders { 127.0.0.1; }; */ /* * If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want * to talk to, you might need to uncomment the query-source * directive below. Previous versions of BIND always asked * questions using port 53, but BIND 8.1 uses an unprivileged * port by default. */ // query-source address * port 53; /* * If running in a sandbox, you may have to specify a different * location for the dumpfile. */ // dump-file "s/named_dump.db"; }; //Use with the following in named.conf, adjusting the allow list as needed: key "rndc-key" { algorithm hmac-md5; secret "CeMgS23y0oWE20nyv0x40Q=="; }; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 port 953 allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { "rndc-key"; }; }; // Note: the following will be supported in a future release. /* host { any; } { topology { 127.0.0.0/8; }; }; */ // Setting up secondaries is way easier and the rough picture for this // is explained below. // // If you enable a local name server, don't forget to enter 127.0.0.1 // into your /etc/resolv.conf so this server will be queried first. // Also, make sure to enable it in /etc/rc.conf. zone "." { type hint; file "named.root"; }; zone "0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA" { type master; file "localhost.rev"; }; // NB: Do not use the IP addresses below, they are faked, and only // serve demonstration/documentation purposes! // // Example secondary config entries. It can be convenient to become // a secondary at least for the zone where your own domain is in. Ask // your network administrator for the IP address of the responsible // primary. // // Never forget to include the reverse lookup (IN-ADDR.ARPA) zone! // (This is the first bytes of the respective IP address, in reverse // order, with ".IN-ADDR.ARPA" appended.) // // Before starting to setup a primary zone, better make sure you fully // understand how DNS and BIND works, however. There are sometimes // unobvious pitfalls. Setting up a secondary is comparably simpler. // // NB: Don't blindly enable the examples below. :-) Use actual names // and addresses instead. // // NOTE!!! FreeBSD runs bind in a sandbox (see named_flags in rc.conf). // The directory containing the secondary zones must be write accessible // to bind. The following sequence is suggested: // // mkdir /etc/namedb/s // chown bind.bind /etc/namedb/s // chmod 750 /etc/namedb/s zone "rdshosting.nl" { type master; file "rdshosting.nl"; allow-transfer { 77.232.85.129; 62.212.76.50; common-allow-transfer; }; }; zone "66.212.62.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "66.212.62.in-addr.arpa"; allow-transfer { common-allow-transfer; }; }; acl common-allow-transfer { 62.212.76.50; }; As i mentioned i made some screenshots of some parts: First the dns settings in plesk: http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/2480faed5e.jpg Second the acl settings in plesk: http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/777f5e69b0.jpg Third my settings at leaseweb: http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/de7122b19c.jpg And last the secondary nameserver settings from leaseweb: http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/fd1da38a8f.jpg If someone has anysuggestion at all on this this will be highly appriciated. Thank you for your time! PS. I am dutch so dutch answers are welcome aswell

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• How to solve this error that is shown on Windbg?

  - by aF

  Hello, I've loaded a .exe and it gave this error: Microsoft (R) Windows Debugger Version 6.12.0002.633 X86 Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. CommandLine: "C:\Users\Public\SoundLog\Code\Código Python\SoundLog\dist\SoundLog.exe" Symbol search path is: *** Invalid *** **************************************************************************** * Symbol loading may be unreliable without a symbol search path. * * Use .symfix to have the debugger choose a symbol path. * * After setting your symbol path, use .reload to refresh symbol locations. * **************************************************************************** Executable search path is: ModLoad: 00400000 0061c000 image00400000 ModLoad: 771a0000 772dc000 ntdll.dll ModLoad: 76e10000 76ee4000 C:\Windows\system32\kernel32.dll ModLoad: 75460000 754aa000 C:\Windows\system32\KERNELBASE.dll ModLoad: 76550000 76619000 C:\Windows\system32\USER32.dll ModLoad: 76b30000 76b7e000 C:\Windows\system32\GDI32.dll ModLoad: 77310000 7731a000 C:\Windows\system32\LPK.dll ModLoad: 76ef0000 76f8d000 C:\Windows\system32\USP10.dll ModLoad: 75650000 756fc000 C:\Windows\system32\msvcrt.dll ModLoad: 65ee0000 65f83000 C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.4926_none_508ed732bcbc0e5a\MSVCR90.dll (c8.704): Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance) eax=00000000 ebx=00000000 ecx=0012fb0c edx=771e64f4 esi=fffffffe edi=00000000 eip=7723e60e esp=0012fb28 ebp=0012fb54 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc cs=001b ss=0023 ds=0023 es=0023 fs=003b gs=0000 efl=00000246 *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for ntdll.dll - ntdll!LdrVerifyImageMatchesChecksum+0x633: 7723e60e cc int 3 0:000> g Then I pressed F5 and while executing the program gave me this error (this one is what I need to solve): ModLoad: 6f980000 6ff11000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorwks.dll ModLoad: 6f8e0000 6f97b000 C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.vc80.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_8.0.50727.4927_none_d08a205e442db5b5\MSVCR80.dll ModLoad: 752f0000 752fb000 C:\Windows\system32\profapi.dll ModLoad: 6e670000 6f168000 C:\Windows\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\mscorlib\8c1770d45c63cf5c462eeb945ef9aa5d\mscorlib.ni.dll ModLoad: 03d90000 03dac000 SoundLogC++WrapperDLL.dll ModLoad: 03db0000 03dcc000 SoundLogC++WrapperDLL.dll ModLoad: 6afa0000 6affb000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorjit.dll ModLoad: 04dd0000 04e13000 msvcm90.dll ModLoad: 04e20000 04e63000 msvcm90.dll ModLoad: 76aa0000 76b23000 C:\Windows\system32\CLBCatQ.DLL ModLoad: 75280000 752df000 C:\Windows\system32\sxs.dll ModLoad: 60340000 60348000 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\culture.dll (b78.9c8): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance) (b78.9c8): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance) (b78.9c8): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance) (b78.9c8): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance) (b78.9c8): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance) (b78.9c8): CLR exception - code e0434f4d (first chance) (b78.9c8): CLR exception - code e0434f4d (first chance) (b78.9c8): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance) (b78.9c8): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance) (b78.9c8): CLR exception - code e0434f4d (!!! second chance !!!) eax=0012e2a4 ebx=e0434f4d ecx=00000001 edx=00000000 esi=0012e32c edi=002bada0 eip=75469617 esp=0012e2a4 ebp=0012e2f4 iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz ac po nc cs=001b ss=0023 ds=0023 es=0023 fs=003b gs=0000 efl=00000212 *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\system32\KERNELBASE.dll - KERNELBASE!RaiseException+0x54: 75469617 c9 leave Can anyone tell me what is this and how can I solve it?

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• sudo apt-get install mysql-server fails

  - by danwoods

  Hi all, I'm coming from a fresh install of Ubuntu server 9.10 and trying to install mysql-server by using 'sudo apt-get mysql-server' I get the following errors: dan@dev:~$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server [sudo] password for dan: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libhtml-template-perl libnet-daemon-perl libplrpc-perl mysql-client-5.1 mysql-server-5.1 Suggested packages: dbishell libipc-sharedcache-perl tinyca The following NEW packages will be installed: libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libhtml-template-perl libnet-daemon-perl libplrpc-perl mysql-client-5.1 mysql-server mysql-server-5.1 0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 16.5MB of archives. After this operation, 39.0MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic/main libnet-daemon-perl 0.43-1 [46.9kB] Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic/main libplrpc-perl 0.2020-2 [36.0kB] Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic/main libdbi-perl 1.609-1 [800kB] Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic/main libdbd-mysql-perl 4.011-1ubuntu1 [136kB] Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic-updates/main mysql-client-5.1 5.1.37- 1ubuntu5.1 [8,202kB] Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic-updates/main mysql-server-5.1 5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1 [7,186kB] Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic/main libhtml-template-perl 2.9-1 [65.8kB] Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com karmic-updates/main mysql-server 5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1 [64.3kB] Fetched 16.5MB in 1min 34s (175kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package libnet-daemon-perl. (Reading database ... 123083 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libnet-daemon-perl (from .../libnet-daemon-perl_0.43-1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libplrpc-perl. Unpacking libplrpc-perl (from .../libplrpc-perl_0.2020-2_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libdbi-perl. Unpacking libdbi-perl (from .../libdbi-perl_1.609-1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libdbd-mysql-perl. Unpacking libdbd-mysql-perl (from .../libdbd-mysql-perl_4.011-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package mysql-client-5.1. Unpacking mysql-client-5.1 (from .../mysql-client-5.1_5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package mysql-server-5.1. Unpacking mysql-server-5.1 (from .../mysql-server-5.1_5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libhtml-template-perl. Unpacking libhtml-template-perl (from .../libhtml-template-perl_2.9-1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package mysql-server. Unpacking mysql-server (from .../mysql-server_5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot Setting up libnet-daemon-perl (0.43-1) ... Setting up libplrpc-perl (0.2020-2) ... Setting up libdbi-perl (1.609-1) ... Setting up libdbd-mysql-perl (4.011-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up mysql-client-5.1 (5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1) ... Setting up mysql-server-5.1 (5.1.37-1ubuntu5.1) ... * Stopping MySQL database server mysqld [ OK ] * Starting MySQL database server mysqld [fail] invoke-rc.d: initscript mysql, action "start" failed. dpkg: error processing mysql-server-5.1 (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.9-1) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server: mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.1; however: Package mysql-server-5.1 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing mysql-server (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. Errors were encountered while processing: mysql-server-5.1 mysql-server E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) What am I missing? [update] mysqld returns: dan@dev:~$ sudo mysqld [sudo] password for dan: 100220 12:18:17 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. 100220 12:18:17 InnoDB: Retrying to lock the first data file InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process This goes on for a while... InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. ^[[BInnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. 100220 12:19:57 InnoDB: Unable to open the first data file InnoDB: Error in opening ./ibdata1 100220 12:19:57 InnoDB: Operating system error number 11 in a file operation. InnoDB: Error number 11 means 'Resource temporarily unavailable'. InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/operating-system-error-codes.html InnoDB: Could not open or create data files. InnoDB: If you tried to add new data files, and it failed here, InnoDB: you should now edit innodb_data_file_path in my.cnf back InnoDB: to what it was, and remove the new ibdata files InnoDB created InnoDB: in this failed attempt. InnoDB only wrote those files full of InnoDB: zeros, but did not yet use them in any way. But be careful: do not InnoDB: remove old data files which contain your precious data! 100220 12:19:57 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error. 100220 12:19:57 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed. 100220 12:19:57 [ERROR] Can't start server: Bind on TCP/IP port: Address already in use 100220 12:19:57 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on port: 3306 ? 100220 12:19:57 [ERROR] Aborting 100220 12:19:57 [Warning] Forcing shutdown of 1 plugins 100220 12:19:57 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete How can I check what process is using port: 3306? [Update]: sudo netstat -anp | grep LISTEN returns dan@dev:~$ sudo netstat -anp | grep LISTEN [sudo] password for dan: tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1372/master tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4391/mysqld tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1409/cupsd tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1409/cupsd [More Updates]: I can log into mysql if that makes a difference

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• Django: What's an awesome plugin to maintain images in the admin?

  - by meder

  I have an articles entry model and I have an excerpt and description field. If a user wants to post an image then I have a separate ImageField which has the default standard file browser. I've tried using django-filebrowser but I don't like the fact that it requires django-grappelli nor do I necessarily want a flash upload utility - can anyone recommend a tool where I can manage image uploads, and basically replace the file browse provided by django with an imagepicking browser? In the future I'd probably want it to handle image resizing and specify default image sizes for certain article types. Edit: I'm trying out adminfiles now but I'm having issues installing it. I grabbed it and added it to my python path, added it to INSTALLED_APPS, created the databases for it, uploaded an image. I followed the instructions to modify my Model to specify adminfiles_fields and registered but it's not applying in my admin, here's my admin.py for articles: from django.contrib import admin from django import forms from articles.models import Category, Entry from tinymce.widgets import TinyMCE from adminfiles.admin import FilePickerAdmin class EntryForm( forms.ModelForm ): class Media: js = ['/media/tinymce/tiny_mce.js', '/media/tinymce/load.js']#, '/media/admin/filebrowser/js/TinyMCEAdmin.js'] class Meta: model = Entry class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): prepopulated_fields = { 'slug': ['title'] } class EntryAdmin( FilePickerAdmin ): adminfiles_fields = ('excerpt',) prepopulated_fields = { 'slug': ['title'] } form = EntryForm admin.site.register( Category, CategoryAdmin ) admin.site.register( Entry, EntryAdmin ) Here's my Entry model: class Entry( models.Model ): LIVE_STATUS = 1 DRAFT_STATUS = 2 HIDDEN_STATUS = 3 STATUS_CHOICES = ( ( LIVE_STATUS, 'Live' ), ( DRAFT_STATUS, 'Draft' ), ( HIDDEN_STATUS, 'Hidden' ), ) status = models.IntegerField( choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default=LIVE_STATUS ) tags = TagField() categories = models.ManyToManyField( Category ) title = models.CharField( max_length=250 ) excerpt = models.TextField( blank=True ) excerpt_html = models.TextField(editable=False, blank=True) body_html = models.TextField( editable=False, blank=True ) article_image = models.ImageField(blank=True, upload_to='upload') body = models.TextField() enable_comments = models.BooleanField(default=True) pub_date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now) slug = models.SlugField(unique_for_date='pub_date') author = models.ForeignKey(User) featured = models.BooleanField(default=False) def save( self, force_insert=False, force_update= False): self.body_html = markdown(self.body) if self.excerpt: self.excerpt_html = markdown( self.excerpt ) super( Entry, self ).save( force_insert, force_update ) class Meta: ordering = ['-pub_date'] verbose_name_plural = "Entries" def __unicode__(self): return self.title Edit #2: To clarify I did move the media files to my media path and they are indeed rendering the image area, I can upload fine, the <<<image>>> tag is inserted into my editable MarkItUp w/ Markdown area but it isn't rendering in the MarkItUp preview - perhaps I just need to apply the |upload_tags into that preview. I'll try adding it to my template which posts the article as well.

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• Spam Activity From my computer

  - by Bnymn

  I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 64bit. I'm using HTTP proxy over ssh as mentioned here. If I do not start TinyProxy, everything is OK. But, when I start TinyProxy, I'm getting the following. I think there is an application running on my machine and watching the proxy to start. But I could not decide which one it could be. ps ax PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? Ss 0:01 /sbin/init 2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd] 3 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] 6 ? S 0:00 [migration/0] 7 ? S 0:00 [watchdog/0] 21 ? S< 0:00 [cpuset] 22 ? S< 0:00 [khelper] 23 ? S 0:00 [kdevtmpfs] 24 ? S< 0:00 [netns] 26 ? S 0:00 [sync_supers] 27 ? S 0:00 [bdi-default] 28 ? S< 0:00 [kintegrityd] 29 ? S< 0:00 [kblockd] 30 ? S< 0:00 [ata_sff] 31 ? S 0:00 [khubd] 32 ? S< 0:00 [md] 34 ? S 0:00 [khungtaskd] 35 ? S 0:00 [kswapd0] 36 ? SN 0:00 [ksmd] 37 ? SN 0:00 [khugepaged] 38 ? S 0:00 [fsnotify_mark] 39 ? S 0:00 [ecryptfs-kthrea] 40 ? S< 0:00 [crypto] 48 ? S< 0:00 [kthrotld] 49 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_0] 50 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_1] 51 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_2] 52 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_3] 75 ? S< 0:00 [devfreq_wq] 240 ? S< 0:00 [xfs_mru_cache] 241 ? S< 0:00 [xfslogd] 242 ? S< 0:00 [xfsdatad] 243 ? S< 0:00 [xfsconvertd] 245 ? S 0:00 [xfsbufd/sda3] 246 ? S 0:01 [xfsaild/sda3] 330 ? S 0:00 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon 333 ? Ss 0:00 /sbin/udevd --daemon 472 ? S< 0:00 [cfg80211] 479 ? S< 0:00 [kpsmoused] 671 ? S 0:00 upstart-socket-bridge --daemon 779 ? S 0:00 [xfsbufd/sda4] 781 ? S 0:01 [xfsaild/sda4] 785 ? S< 0:00 [ttm_swap] 800 ? S< 0:00 [hd-audio0] 803 ? S< 0:00 [hd-audio1] 857 ? Sl 0:00 rsyslogd -c5 869 ? Ss 0:04 dbus-daemon --system --fork --activation=upstart 881 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/modem-manager 883 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/bluetoothd 905 ? Ssl 0:02 NetworkManager 906 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/cupsd -F 910 ? Sl 0:02 /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd --no-debug 918 ? S 0:00 avahi-daemon: running [bunyamin-hp.local] 919 ? S 0:00 avahi-daemon: chroot helper 920 ? S< 0:00 [krfcommd] 956 ? Ss 0:00 /sbin/wpa_supplicant -B -P /run/sendsigs.omit.d/wpasupplicant.pid -u -s -O /var/run/wpa_supplicant 980 tty4 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty4 985 tty5 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty5 1000 tty2 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty2 1006 tty3 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty3 1009 tty6 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty6 1024 ? Ss 0:00 acpid -c /etc/acpi/events -s /var/run/acpid.socket 1025 ? Ss 0:00 atd 1026 ? Ss 0:00 cron 1029 ? Ss 0:01 /usr/sbin/irqbalance 1034 ? Ssl 0:00 whoopsie 1091 ? Ssl 0:00 lightdm 1216 tty1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1 1224 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon 1241 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon 1356 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/upower/upowerd 1447 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/colord/colord 1539 ? SNl 0:00 /usr/lib/rtkit/rtkit-daemon 1723 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/udisks/udisks-daemon 1724 ? S 0:00 udisks-daemon: not polling any devices 2077 ? Z 0:00 [lightdm] <defunct> 2433 ? Z 0:00 [lightdm] <defunct> 3491 ? S 0:00 [flush-8:0] 4023 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:14] 4034 ? S 0:00 [migration/1] 4035 ? S 0:00 [kworker/1:3] 4036 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/1] 4037 ? S 0:00 [watchdog/1] 4038 ? S 0:00 [migration/2] 4040 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/2] 4041 ? S 0:00 [watchdog/2] 4042 ? S 0:00 [migration/3] 4043 ? S 0:00 [kworker/3:1] 4044 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/3] 4045 ? S 0:00 [watchdog/3] 4047 ? S 0:00 [irq/43-mei] 4070 ? S 0:00 [kworker/3:0] 4072 ? S 0:00 [kworker/1:0] 4164 ? Ss 0:00 anacron -s 4549 tty7 Ss+ 1:13 /usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch 4683 ? Sl 0:00 lightdm --session-child 12 47 4718 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --daemonize --login 4729 ? Ssl 0:00 gnome-session --session=gnome-fallback 4765 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session --session=gnome-fallback 4768 ? S 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session gnome-session --session=gnome-fallback 4769 ? Ss 0:00 //bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 5 --print-address 7 --session 4779 ? Sl 0:01 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon 4786 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd 4788 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs//gvfs-fuse-daemon -f /home/bunyamin/.gvfs 4797 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gsd-printer 4799 ? Sl 0:03 metacity 4805 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gconf/gconfd-2 4811 ? Sl 0:10 gnome-panel 4814 ? S 0:00 syndaemon -i 2.0 -K -R -t 4819 ? S<l 0:00 /usr/bin/pulseaudio --start --log-target=syslog 4821 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service 4826 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-fallback-mount-helper 4828 ? Sl 0:06 nautilus -n 4830 ? Sl 0:02 nm-applet 4832 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/policykit-1-gnome/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1 4835 ? Sl 0:00 bluetooth-applet 4851 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/pulseaudio/pulse/gconf-helper 4854 ? Sl 0:04 /usr/lib/indicator-applet/indicator-applet-complete 4859 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gdu-volume-monitor 4863 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gphoto2-volume-monitor 4865 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-afc-volume-monitor 4871 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-trash --spawner :1.6 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/0 4874 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-application/indicator-application-service 4876 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-datetime/indicator-datetime-service 4878 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-messages/indicator-messages-service 4887 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-printers/indicator-printers-service 4888 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-session/indicator-session-service 4889 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service 4906 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/geoclue/geoclue-master 4929 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/ubuntu-geoip/ubuntu-geoip-provider 4938 ? Sl 0:11 /usr/lib/gnome-applets/multiload-applet-2 4939 ? Sl 0:01 /usr/lib/gnome-applets/cpufreq-applet 4953 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-metadata 4955 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-burn --spawner :1.6 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/1 4957 ? Sl 3:22 /usr/lib/firefox/firefox 4973 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/at-spi2-core/at-spi-bus-launcher 4997 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gnome-disk-utility/gdu-notification-daemon 5000 ? Sl 0:00 telepathy-indicator 5007 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5 5012 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gnome-online-accounts/goa-daemon 5018 ? Sl 0:00 gnome-screensaver 5019 ? Sl 0:01 zeitgeist-datahub 5025 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/bin/zeitgeist-daemon 5033 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/zeitgeist/zeitgeist-fts 5041 ? S 0:00 /bin/cat 5052 ? Sl 0:08 /usr/bin/gnome-terminal -x /bin/sh -c '/home/bunyamin/Desktop/SSH Tunnel' 5058 ? S 0:00 gnome-pty-helper 5067 ? Sl 0:00 update-notifier 5090 ? S 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/system-service/system-service-d 5130 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/deja-dup/deja-dup/deja-dup-monitor 5135 ? S 0:00 /bin/sh -c nice run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily 5136 ? SN 0:00 run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily 5358 pts/4 Ss 0:00 bash 5482 ? S 0:00 [kworker/0:1] 5487 ? S 0:01 [kworker/2:0] 5550 ? Sl 1:15 /usr/lib/firefox/plugin-container /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so -greomni /usr/lib/firefox/omni.ja 4957 true plugin 5717 ? S 0:00 /usr/lib/cups/notifier/dbus dbus:// 5824 ? SN 0:00 /bin/sh /etc/cron.daily/update-notifier-common 5825 ? SN 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader 5872 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/notify-osd/notify-osd 5888 ? S 0:00 /sbin/udevd --daemon 5889 ? S 0:00 /sbin/udevd --daemon 5909 ? S 0:00 /sbin/dhclient -d -4 -sf /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action -pf /var/run/sendsigs.omit.d/network-manager.dhclient-eth1.pid -lf /var/lib/dhcp/dhclient-f5f0 5912 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --no-resolv --keep-in-foreground --no-hosts --bind-interfaces --pid-file=/var/run/sendsigs.omit.d/network-manager.dnsmasq.pid --listen-address=127. 5975 pts/1 Ss+ 0:00 /bin/sh -c '/home/bunyamin/Desktop/SSH Tunnel' 5976 pts/1 S+ 0:00 /bin/sh /home/bunyamin/Desktop/SSH Tunnel 5977 pts/1 S+ 0:00 ssh -p443 [email protected] -L 8000:127.0.0.1:8000 5980 ? Sl 0:00 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-http --spawner :1.6 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/2 6034 ? S 0:00 [kworker/u:0] 6054 ? S 0:00 [kworker/2:2] 6070 ? S 0:00 [kworker/0:3] 6094 ? Sl 0:02 gedit /home/bunyamin/Desktop/a.html 6101 ? S 0:00 [kworker/0:2] 6130 pts/4 R+ 0:00 ps ax TinyProxy LOG connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 mx1.u4gf.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.tagjunction.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=2959021&T=3&_salt=1516586745&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fsunshinefelling.com%2Findex.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D45%253Aplus-size-dresses%26id%3D7512%253A2012-01-25-22-42-00%26format%3Dpdf%26option%3Dcom_content%26Itemid%3D101&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye bye bye connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 connect to ad.bharatstudent.com:80 connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 142.91.199.250.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=2913320&_salt=2228719469&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 173.208.94.117 - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3187816&_salt=462045326&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - mx1.a54m.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=2887338&T=3&_salt=2925281520&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fsecretskirt.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_contact%26view%3Dcontact%26id%3D1%26Itemid%3D95&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 108.62.75.54.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=3218437&T=3&_salt=2939054384&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vifinances.com%2Ffinance-investing%2Finsurance-investment%2Fis-life-insurance-investment-necessarily-the-way-to-go.html&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 connect to ad.globe7.com:80 bye connect to ad.globe7.com:80 connect to ad.globe7.com:80 bye 173.208.94.22 - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=728x90&s=2922824&T=3&_salt=705371051&B=12&m=2&u=%3A%2F%2Fsunshinefelling.com%2Findex.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D44%3Amature-womens-fashion%26id%3D6917%3A2012-01-25-22-37-27%26tmpl%3Dcomponent%26print%3D1%26layout%3Ddefault%26page%3D&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye 23.19.10.44.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.globe7.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=160x600&section=3512129&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye 142.91.189.27.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.globe7.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3660215&_salt=2921537966&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.scanmedios.com:80 bye 142.91.217.158.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.globaltakeoff.net/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=160x600&section=2077929&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - 23.19.76.194.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=728x90&s=3127996&T=3&_salt=1952612979&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oseey.com%2Fpure-core-watch%2Fcarbon-fiber-watch%2Fcarbon-monoxide-poisoning-awareness.html&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - mx1.e6sb.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.scanmedios.com/imp?Z=728x90&s=3522638&T=3&_salt=3444993091&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fsunshinefelling.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D6013%3A2012-01-25-22-25-54%26catid%3D40%3Abig-beautiful-women-fashion%26Itemid%3D96&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.tagjunction.com:80 connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 23.19.76.154.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=300x250&section=2569393 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ads.creafi-online-media.com:80 bye 108.62.109.115.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3315330&_salt=2385926515&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 142.91.217.214.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=3634166&T=3&_salt=1590442300&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwealthterritory.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_mailto%26tmpl%3Dcomponent%26link%3DaHR0cDovL3dlYWx0aHRlcnJpdG9yeS5jb20vaW5kZXgucGhwP29wdGlvbj1jb21fY29udGVudCZ2aWV3PWFydGljbGUmaWQ9NDY2NDoyMDExLTA3LTA2LTEzLTI2LTUwJmNhdGlkPTQxOnNlcnZpY2VzJkl0ZW1pZ&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 108.62.185.184.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ads.creafi-online-media.com/imp?Z=728x90&s=2885766&T=3&_salt=107120374&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Feconomicccore.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Dcategory%26layout%3Dblog%26id%3D48%26Itemid%3D98%26limitstart%3D45&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye bye bye connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 connect to ad.tagjunction.com:80 bye 108.62.75.252.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=728x90&section=3213387&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - bye connect to ad.tagjunction.com:80 bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 173.208.94.29 - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.tagjunction.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=728x90&section=3006024&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - 23.19.31.84.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=2586703&_salt=2905995697&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - oxx-ef-Words.ipwagon.net - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.tagjunction.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3630499&_salt=4037530564&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 142.91.185.53.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.tagjunction.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3512541&_salt=1134875077&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.globe7.com:80 108.177.187.37.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=3168350&T=3&_salt=548860046&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Flifehealthyliving.com%2Findex.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D34%253Ahealthy-food%26id%3D4681%253A2012-05-16-20-40-19%26tmpl%3Dcomponent%26print%3D1%26layout%3Ddefault%26page%3D%26option%3Dcom_content%26Itemid%3D53&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 bye connect to ads.creafi-online-media.com:80 108.177.223.180.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=3331290&T=3&_salt=1270334669&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vegls.com%2Faccident-attorneys-firms%2Fauto-accident-attorney%2Ffind-the-correct-auto-accident-attorney.html&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye 142.91.185.38.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.globe7.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=160x600&section=818253 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye bye bye 108.62.75.230.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ads.creafi-online-media.com/st?ad_type=pop&ad_size=0x0&section=3323456&banned_pop_types=29&pop_times=1&pop_frequency=86400&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 bye connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 bye 142.91.217.194.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=3068801&T=3&_salt=1246107431&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fmoodoffashionandbeauty.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D756%3A2011-07-13-13-13-43%26catid%3D36%3Afashion-clothes%26Itemid%3D55&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.smxchange.com:80 108.62.185.235.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=300x250&section=3307618&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.globe7.com:80 bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye bye connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 108.177.168.183.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.globe7.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=3582877&T=3&_salt=3271923155&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwomenhealthroad.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D5780%3A2011-12-12-16-56-53%26catid%3D40%3Ahealth-issues%26Itemid%3D96&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 23.19.3.100.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=2895969&T=3&_salt=207805714&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Feconomicccore.com%2Findex.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D46%253Aeconomic-news%26id%3D6079%253A2011-09-29-07-39-13%26format%3Dpdf%26option%3Dcom_content%26Itemid%3D96&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye 142.91.199.212.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=300x250&section=2956039&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - bye 142.91.189.169.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=728x90&s=3004691&T=3&_salt=2747591679&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qtsfinancial.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D5406%3Afinancial-statement-english-page%26catid%3D43%3Afinancial-analysis%26Itemid%3D99&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 23.19.31.58.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3323560&_salt=3172064457&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 iei-ix-Words.ipwagon.net - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/imp?Z=728x90&s=3187813&T=3&_salt=1110944041&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.workinhouses.com%2Fhtml%2Fwallingford-ct-connecticuts-best-places-for-your-home.html&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to cookex.amp.yahoo.com:80 173.208.94.116 - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=300x250&section=3213592&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - bye bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 connect to ads.creafi-online-media.com:80 bye 108.62.75.99.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=2913321&T=3&_salt=333033369&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Ffashionstreetlight.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D28850%3A2011-12-20-12-59-39%26catid%3D45%3Afashion-accessories%26Itemid%3D101&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye 142.91.217.208.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://cookex.amp.yahoo.com/v2/cexposer/SIG=18kthu27g/*http%3A//ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=2682517&T=3&_salt=1378331643&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economicwindows.com%2Findex.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D40%253Afinancial-info%26id%3D3854%253A2011-07-06-13-25-37%26format%3Dpdf%26option%3Dcom_content%26Itemid%3D96&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye bye bye 108.62.185.228.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3315448&_salt=4241487555&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 108.62.185.220.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ads.creafi-online-media.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=728x90&section=3269968 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.tagjunction.com:80 bye connect to ad.globe7.com:80 bye 142.91.185.47.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.tagjunction.com/st?ad_type=pop&ad_size=0x0&section=2958317&banned_pop_types=29&pop_times=1&pop_frequency=0&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - bye 108.177.168.183.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.globe7.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=3582877&T=3&_salt=1313872999&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwomenhealthroad.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D5753%3A2011-12-12-16-56-46%26catid%3D40%3Ahealth-issues%26Itemid%3D96&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.tagjunction.com:80 bye connect to ad.globe7.com:80 bye connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 108.62.75.53.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.tagjunction.com/imp?Z=300x250&s=3127172&T=3&_salt=2152278771&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oslims.com%2Ffashion-coffee%2Ffashion-slimming-coffee%2Fso-whats-your-poison-coffee-or-tea.html&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye bye 108.62.75.170.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=2909210&_salt=1773835502&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - 23.19.79.3.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.globe7.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=728x90&section=3571505&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - 142.91.217.216.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=3630472&T=3&_salt=462936220&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economicwindows.com%2Findex.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D41%253Afinancial-services%26id%3D4854%253A2011-07-06-13-26-56%26tmpl%3Dcomponent%26print%3D1%26layout%3Ddefault%26page%3D%26option%3Dcom_content%26Itemid%3D97&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 142.91.189.176.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=3187822&T=3&_salt=325267799&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Feconomysea.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_mailto%26tmpl%3Dcomponent%26link%3DaHR0cDovL2Vjb25vbXlzZWEuY29tL2luZGV4LnBocD9vcHRpb249Y29tX2NvbnRlbnQmdmlldz1hcnRpY2xlJmlkPTYzNDk6MjAxMS0wOS0yOC0yMC0wNC0xOSZjYXRpZD00NzplY29ub21pYy1uZXdzJkl0ZW1pZD05Nw&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.adserverplus.com:80 142.91.190.240.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=2956040&T=3&_salt=3354730349&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fdomarketings.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D279%3AWhy-Contractor-Leads-Are-Best-For-Getting-Ideal-Construction-Prospects%26catid%3D2%3Abusiness&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye 108.62.75.6.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=3323456&T=3&_salt=1244915826&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fdomarketings.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D989%3AThe-Basics-of-Failure-Mode-and-Effective-Analysis%26catid%3D2%3Abusiness&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye 142.91.217.220.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=728x90&s=2921135&T=3&_salt=1337464905&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Financezone.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D7236%3A2011-09-05-19-56-54%26catid%3D49%3Acareer-banking%26Itemid%3D99&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 108.62.178.229.rdns.ubiquityservers.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.adserverplus.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=160x600&section=3168350&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 108.177.168.187.rdns.ubiquity.io - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.smxchange.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=300x250&section=3285387&pop_nofreqcap=1&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" - - skg-wr-Words.ipwagon.net - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=0x0&y=29&s=3153972&_salt=3512711469&B=12&m=2&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - - bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 bye connect to ad.yieldmanager.com:80 mx1.u4gf.com - - [17/Oct/2012 07:38:53] "GET http://ad.yieldmanager.com/imp?Z=160x600&s=2959021&T=3&_salt=1516586745&B=12&m=2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fsunshinefelling.com%2Findex.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D45%253Aplus-size-dresses%26id%3D7512%253A2012-01-25-22-42-00%26format%3Dpdf%26option%3Dcom_content%26Itemid%3D101&r=1 HTTP/1.0" - -

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• Searching for Windows User SID's in C#

  - by Ubiquitous Che

  Context Context first - issues I'm trying to resolve are below. One of our clients has asked as to quote how long it would take for us to improve one of our applications. This application currently provides basic user authentication in the form of username/password combinations. This client would like the ability for their employees to log-in using the details of whatever Windows User account is currently logged in at the time of running the application. It's not a deal-breaker if I tell them know - but the client might be willing to pay the costs of development to add this feature to the application. It's worth looking into. Based on my hunting around, it seems like storing the user login details against Domain\Username will be problematic if those details are changed. But Windows User SID's aren't supposed to change at all. I've got the impression that it would be best to record Windows Users by SID - feel free to relieve me of that if I'm wrong. I've been having a fiddle with some Windows API calls. From within C#, grabbing the current user's SID is easy enough. I can already take any user's SID and process it using LookupAccountSid to get username and domain for display purposes. For the interested, my code for this is at the end of this post. That's just the tip of the iceberg, however. The two issues below are completely outside my experience. Not only do I not know how to implement them - I don't even known how to find out how to implement them, or what the pitfalls are on various systems. Any help getting myself aimed in the right direction would be very much appreciated. Issue 1) Getting hold of the local user at runtime is meaningless if that user hasn't been granted access to the application. We will need to add a new section to our application's 'administrator console' for adding Windows Users (or groups) and assigning within-app permissions against those users. Something like an 'Add Windows User Login' button that will raise a pop-up window that will allow the user to search for available Windows User accounts on the network (not just the local machine) to be added to the list of available application logins. If there's already a component in .NET or Windows that I can shanghai into doing this for me, it would make me a very happy man. Issue 2) I also want to know how to take a given Windows User SID and check it against a given Windows User Group (probably taken from a database). I'm not sure how to get started with this one either, though I expect it to be easier than the issue above. For the Interested [STAThread] static void Main(string[] args) { MessageBox.Show(WindowsUserManager.GetAccountNameFromSID(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().User.Value)); MessageBox.Show(WindowsUserManager.GetAccountNameFromSID("S-1-5-21-57989841-842925246-1957994488-1003")); } public static class WindowsUserManager { public static string GetAccountNameFromSID(string SID) { try { StringBuilder name = new StringBuilder(); uint cchName = (uint)name.Capacity; StringBuilder referencedDomainName = new StringBuilder(); uint cchReferencedDomainName = (uint)referencedDomainName.Capacity; WindowsUserManager.SID_NAME_USE sidUse; int err = (int)ESystemError.ERROR_SUCCESS; if (!WindowsUserManager.LookupAccountSid(null, SID, name, ref cchName, referencedDomainName, ref cchReferencedDomainName, out sidUse)) { err = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(); if (err == (int)ESystemError.ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) { name.EnsureCapacity((int)cchName); referencedDomainName.EnsureCapacity((int)cchReferencedDomainName); err = WindowsUserManager.LookupAccountSid(null, SID, name, ref cchName, referencedDomainName, ref cchReferencedDomainName, out sidUse) ? (int)ESystemError.ERROR_SUCCESS : Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(); } } if (err != (int)ESystemError.ERROR_SUCCESS) throw new ApplicationException(String.Format("Could not retrieve acount name from SID. {0}", SystemExceptionManager.GetDescription(err))); return String.Format(@"{0}\{1}", referencedDomainName.ToString(), name.ToString()); } catch (Exception ex) { if (ex is ApplicationException) throw ex; throw new ApplicationException("Could not retrieve acount name from SID", ex); } } private enum SID_NAME_USE { SidTypeUser = 1, SidTypeGroup, SidTypeDomain, SidTypeAlias, SidTypeWellKnownGroup, SidTypeDeletedAccount, SidTypeInvalid, SidTypeUnknown, SidTypeComputer } [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetLengthSid", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] private static extern int GetLengthSid(IntPtr pSID); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern bool ConvertStringSidToSid( string StringSid, out IntPtr ptrSid); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern bool LookupAccountSid( string lpSystemName, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[] Sid, StringBuilder lpName, ref uint cchName, StringBuilder ReferencedDomainName, ref uint cchReferencedDomainName, out SID_NAME_USE peUse); private static bool LookupAccountSid( string lpSystemName, string stringSid, StringBuilder lpName, ref uint cchName, StringBuilder ReferencedDomainName, ref uint cchReferencedDomainName, out SID_NAME_USE peUse) { byte[] SID = null; IntPtr SID_ptr = IntPtr.Zero; try { WindowsUserManager.ConvertStringSidToSid(stringSid, out SID_ptr); int err = SID_ptr == IntPtr.Zero ? Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() : (int)ESystemError.ERROR_SUCCESS; if (SID_ptr == IntPtr.Zero || err != (int)ESystemError.ERROR_SUCCESS) throw new ApplicationException(String.Format("'{0}' could not be converted to a SID byte array. {1}", stringSid, SystemExceptionManager.GetDescription(err))); int size = (int)GetLengthSid(SID_ptr); SID = new byte[size]; Marshal.Copy(SID_ptr, SID, 0, size); } catch (Exception ex) { if (ex is ApplicationException) throw ex; throw new ApplicationException(String.Format("'{0}' could not be converted to a SID byte array. {1}.", stringSid, ex.Message), ex); } finally { // Always want to release the SID_ptr (if it exists) to avoid memory leaks. if (SID_ptr != IntPtr.Zero) Marshal.FreeHGlobal(SID_ptr); } return WindowsUserManager.LookupAccountSid(lpSystemName, SID, lpName, ref cchName, ReferencedDomainName, ref cchReferencedDomainName, out peUse); } }

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• dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'x' missing

  - by Mark

  I get this warning for several packages every time I install any package or perform apt-get upgrade. Not sure what is causing it; it's a fresh Debian install on my OpenVZ server and I haven't changed any dpkg settings. Here's an example: root@debian:~# apt-get install cowsay Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: filters The following NEW packages will be installed: cowsay 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 21.9 kB of archives. After this operation, 91.1 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ unstable/main cowsay all 3.03+dfsg1-4 [21.9 kB] Fetched 21.9 kB in 0s (70.2 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package cowsay. dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libssh2-1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libkrb5-3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libwrap0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libcap2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libpam-ck-connector:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libc6:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libtalloc2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libselinux1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libp11-kit0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libavahi-client3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libbz2-1.0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libpcre3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libgpm2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libgnutls26:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libavahi-common3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libcroco3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'liblzma5:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libpaper1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libsensors4:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libbsd0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libavahi-common-data:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libss2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libblkid1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libslang2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libacl1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libcomerr2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libkrb5support0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'e2fslibs:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'librtmp0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libidn11:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libpcap0.8:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libattr1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libdevmapper1.02.1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'odbcinst1debian2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libexpat1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libltdl7:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libkeyutils1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libcups2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libsqlite3-0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libck-connector0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'zlib1g:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libnl1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libfontconfig1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libudev0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libsepol1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libmagic1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libk5crypto3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libunistring0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libgpg-error0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libusb-0.1-4:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libpam0g:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libpopt0:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libgssapi-krb5-2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libgeoip1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libcurl3-gnutls:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libtasn1-3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libuuid1:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libgcrypt11:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libgdbm3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libdbus-1-3:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libsysfs2:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'libfreetype6:amd64' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed (Reading database ... 21908 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking cowsay (from .../cowsay_3.03+dfsg1-4_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up cowsay (3.03+dfsg1-4) ... root@debian:~# Everything works fine, but these warning messages are pretty annoying. Does anyone know how I can fix this?

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• Importing a large dataset into a database

  - by peaceful

  I'm a beginning programmer in the relevant areas to this question, so if possible, it'd be helpful to avoid assuming I know a lot already. I'm trying to import the OpenLibrary dataset into a local Postgres database. After it's imported, I plan to use it as a starting seed for a Ruby on Rails application that will include information on books. The OpenLibrary datasets are available here, in a modified JSON format: http://openlibrary.org/dev/docs/jsondump I only need very basic information for my application, much less than what is provided in the dumps. I'm only trying to get out book titles, author names, and relationships between books and authors. Below are two typical entries from their dataset, the first for an author, and the second for a book (they seem to have an entry for each edition of a book). The entries seem to lead off with a primary key, and then with a type, before including the actual JSON database dump. /a/OL2A /type/author {"name": "U. Venkatakrishna Rao", "personal_name": "U. Venkatakrishna Rao", "last_modified": {"type": "/type/datetime", "value": "2008-09-10 08:44:01.978456"}, "key": "/a/OL2A", "birth_date": "1904", "type": {"key": "/type/author"}, "id": 99, "revision": 3} /b/OL345M /type/edition {"publishers": ["Social Science Research Project, Dept. of Geography, University of Dacca"], "pagination": "ii, 54 p.", "title": "Land use in Fayadabad area", "lccn": ["sa 65000491"], "subject_place": ["East Pakistan", "Dacca region."], "number_of_pages": 54, "languages": [{"comment": "initial import", "code": "eng", "name": "English", "key": "/l/eng"}], "lc_classifications": ["S471.P162 E23"], "publish_date": "1963", "publish_country": "pk ", "key": "/b/OL345M", "authors": [{"birth_date": "1911", "name": "Nafis Ahmad", "key": "/a/OL302A", "personal_name": "Nafis Ahmad"}], "publish_places": ["Dacca, East Pakistan"], "by_statement": "[by] Nafis Ahmad and F. Karim Khan.", "oclc_numbers": ["4671066"], "contributions": ["Khan, Fazle Karim, joint author."], "subjects": ["Land use -- East Pakistan -- Dacca region."]} The size of the uncompressed dumps are enormous, about 2GB for the authors list, and 18GB for the book editions list. OpenLibrary does not provide any tools for this themselves, they provide a simple unoptimized Python script for reading in sample data (which unlike the actual dumps comes in pure JSON format), but they estimate if that was modified for use on their actual data it would take 2 months (!) to finish loading the data. How can I read this into the database? I assume I'll need to write a program to do this. What language and any guidance on how I should do it to finish in a reasonable amount of time? The only scripting language I have any experience with is Ruby.

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• How to run a powershell script within a DOS batch file

  - by Don Vince

  How do I have a powershell script embedded within the same file as a DOS batch script? I know this kind of thing is possible in other scenarios: Embedding SQL in a DOS batch script using sqlcmd and a clever arrangements of goto's and comments at the beginning of the file In a *nix environment having a the name of the program you wish to run the script with on the first line of the script commented out e.g. #!/usr/local/bin/python There may not be a way to do this - in which case I will have to call the separate powershell script from the launching DOS script. One possible solution I've considered is to echo out the powershell script, and then run it. A good reason to not do this is that part of the reason to attempt this is to be using the advantages of the powershell environment without the pain of, for example, DOS escape characters I have some unusual constraints and would like to find an elegant solution. I suspect this question may be baiting responses of the variety: "why don't you try and solve this different problem instead." Suffice to say these are my constraints, sorry about that. Any ideas? Is there a suitable combination of clever comments and escape characters that will enable me to achieve this? Some thoughts on how to achieve this: A carat ^ at the end of a line in DOS is a continuation - like an underscore in VB An ampersand & in DOS typically is used to separate commands echo Hello & echo World results in 2 echos on separate lines %0 will give you the script that's currently running So something like this (if I could make it work) would be good: # & call powershell -psconsolefile %0 # & goto :EOF /* From here on in we're running nice juicy powershell code */ Write-Output "Hello World" Except... It doesn't work... because the extension of the file isn't as per powershell's liking: Windows PowerShell console file "insideout.bat" extension is not psc1. Windows PowerShell console file extension must be psc1. DOS isn't really altogether happy with the situation either - although it does stumble on '#' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.

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• Why is django giving me an attribute error when I call _set.all() for its children models?

  - by user1876508

  I have two models defined from django.db import models class Blog(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=144) @property def posts(self): self.Post_set.all() class Post(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=144) text = models.TextField() blog = models.ForeignKey('Blog') but the problem is, when I run shell, and enter >>> blog = Blog(title="My blog") >>> post = Post(title="My first post", text="Here is the main text for my blog post", blog=blog) >>> blog.posts I get the error Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/home/lucas/Programming/Python/Django/djangorestfun/blog/models.py", line 9, in posts self.Post_set.all() AttributeError: 'Blog' object has no attribute 'Post_set' >>> Now I am having the following problem >>> from blog.models import * >>> blog = Blog(title="gewrhter") >>> blog.save() >>> blog.__dict__ {'_state': <django.db.models.base.ModelState object at 0x259be10>, 'id': 1, 'title': 'gewrhter'} >>> blog._state.__dict__ {'adding': False, 'db': 'default'} >>> post = Post(title="sdhxcvb", text="hdbfdgb", blog=blog) >>> post.save() >>> post.__dict__ {'blog_id': 1, 'title': 'sdhxcvb', 'text': 'hdbfdgb', '_blog_cache': <Blog: Blog object>, '_state': <django.db.models.base.ModelState object at 0x259bed0>, 'id': 1} >>> blog.posts >>> print blog.posts None Second update So I followed your guide, but I am still getting nothing. In addition, blog.posts gives me an error. >>> from blog.models import * >>> blog = Blog(title="asdf") >>> blog.save() >>> post = Post(title="asdf", text="sdxcvb", blog=blog) >>> post.save() >>> blog.posts Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> AttributeError: 'Blog' object has no attribute 'posts' >>> print blog.all_posts None

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• The Skyline Problem.

  - by zeroDivisible

  I just came across this little problem on UVA's Online Judge and thought, that it may be a good candidate for a little code-golf. The problem: You are to design a program to assist an architect in drawing the skyline of a city given the locations of the buildings in the city. To make the problem tractable, all buildings are rectangular in shape and they share a common bottom (the city they are built in is very flat). The city is also viewed as two-dimensional. A building is specified by an ordered triple (Li, Hi, Ri) where Li and Ri are left and right coordinates, respectively, of building i and Hi is the height of the building. In the diagram below buildings are shown on the left with triples (1,11,5), (2,6,7), (3,13,9), (12,7,16), (14,3,25), (19,18,22), (23,13,29), (24,4,28) and the skyline, shown on the right, is represented by the sequence: 1, 11, 3, 13, 9, 0, 12, 7, 16, 3, 19, 18, 22, 3, 23, 13, 29, 0 The output should consist of the vector that describes the skyline as shown in the example above. In the skyline vector (v1, v2, v3, ... vn) , the vi such that i is an even number represent a horizontal line (height). The vi such that i is an odd number represent a vertical line (x-coordinate). The skyline vector should represent the "path" taken, for example, by a bug starting at the minimum x-coordinate and traveling horizontally and vertically over all the lines that define the skyline. Thus the last entry in the skyline vector will be a 0. The coordinates must be separated by a blank space. If I will not count declaration of provided (test) buildings and including all spaces and tab characters, my solution, in Python, is 223 characters long. Here is the condensed version: B=[[1,11,5],[2,6,7],[3,13,9],[12,7,16],[14,3,25],[19,18,22],[23,13,29],[24,4,28]] # Solution. R=range v=[0 for e in R(max([y[2] for y in B])+1)] for b in B: for x in R(b[0], b[2]): if b[1]>v[x]: v[x]=b[1] p=1 k=0 for x in R(len(v)): V=v[x] if p and V==0: continue elif V!=k: p=0 print "%s %s" % (str(x), str(V)), k=V I think that I didn't made any mistake but if so - feel free to criticize me. EDIT I don't have much reputation, so I will pay only 100 for a bounty - I am curious, if anyone could try to solve this in less than .. lets say, 80 characters. Solution posted by cobbal is 101 characters long and currently it is the best one. ANOTHER EDIT I thought, that 80 characters is a sick limit for this kind of problem. cobbal, with his 46 character solution totaly amazed me - though I must admit, that I spent some time reading his explanation before I partially understood what he had written.

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• Jruby Gems-in-a-jar issue

  - by antonio

  Hi all, I am trying to write some code in ruby (using jruby) to be compiled to java bytecode with jrubyc and deployed to a remote machine where it will be run on the JVM (no ruby available there). Everything works fine as long as I am happy to stick with the standard jruby library. As explained on the jruby website, I simply copy the jruby-complete.jar library to the remote machine and include it in the classpath at runtime. I fire my compiled script and it works: cool! The problems start when I need some other libraries (typically rubygems) to run my script. I am aware of cool stuff like rawr, -which I successfully tested- to put together all you need in a single package. However that is not the solution I am looking for: I will have many small scripts to run independently and I don't want each of them to grow to at least 10 MB just because I insanely include the jruby-complete.jar in each of them. What I would like is to compile a .jar for each of the libraries that I will need to use, put all of them in a common folder on the remote machine and include them at runtime in the classpath when I run my compiled jruby scripts on the JVM. This said, I tried to follow the instructions here: http://blog.nicksieger.com/articles/2009/01/10/jruby-1-1-6-gems-in-a-jar I tried exactly the example shown there, with the "chronic" gem. Going step by step: Install the gem locally: java -jar jruby-complete-1.1.6.jar -S gem install -i ./chronic chronic --no-rdoc --no-ri Package it into a jar: jar cf chronic.jar -C chronic . Write a two lines test script, saving it as testt.rb: require 'chronic' Chronic.parse('tomorrow') Compile with: jrubyc testt.rb Run the resulting java class testt.class with the following (having both jruby-complete.jar and chronic.jar in the same folder as the java class): java -cp .:/jruby-complete.jar:./chronic.jar testt I get the following error: Exception in thread "main" file:/Users/ave2/NetBeansProjects/jrubywatir/lib/jruby-complete.jar!/METAINF/jruby.home/lib/ruby/site_ruby/shared/builtin/core_ext/symbol.rb:1:in `const_missing': uninitialized constant Chronic (NameError) from testt.rb:2 ...internal jruby stack elided... from Module.const_missing(testt.rb:2) from (unknown).(unknown)(:1) I really don't understand what I am doing wrong, and I am totally stuck on this. I am a noob in Ruby, much more used to Python: don't miss a chance to convert an infidel! :-) Thanks.

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• Varnish "FetchError no backend connection" error

  - by clueless-anon

  Varnishlog: 0 CLI - Rd ping 0 CLI - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829925 1.0 12 SessionOpen c 79.124.74.11 3063 :80 12 SessionClose c EOF 12 StatSess c 79.124.74.11 3063 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CLI - Rd ping 0 CLI - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829928 1.0 0 CLI - Rd ping 0 CLI - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829931 1.0 12 SessionOpen c 108.62.115.226 46211 :80 12 ReqStart c 108.62.115.226 46211 467185881 12 RxRequest c GET 12 RxURL c / 12 RxProtocol c HTTP/1.0 12 RxHeader c User-Agent: Pingdom.com_bot_version_1.4_(http://www.pingdom.com/) 12 RxHeader c Host: www.mysite.com 12 VCL_call c recv lookup 12 VCL_call c hash 12 Hash c / 12 Hash c www.mysite.com 12 VCL_return c hash 12 VCL_call c miss fetch 12 FetchError c no backend connection 12 VCL_call c error deliver 12 VCL_call c deliver deliver 12 TxProtocol c HTTP/1.1 12 TxStatus c 503 12 TxResponse c Service Unavailable 12 TxHeader c Server: Varnish 12 TxHeader c Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 12 TxHeader c Retry-After: 5 12 TxHeader c Content-Length: 418 12 TxHeader c Accept-Ranges: bytes 12 TxHeader c Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2012 20:45:31 GMT 12 TxHeader c X-Varnish: 467185881 12 TxHeader c Age: 1 12 TxHeader c Via: 1.1 varnish 12 TxHeader c Connection: close 12 Length c 418 12 ReqEnd c 467185881 1340829931.192433119 1340829931.891024113 0.000051022 0.698516846 0.000074035 12 SessionClose c error 12 StatSess c 108.62.115.226 46211 1 1 1 0 0 0 256 418 0 CLI - Rd ping 0 CLI - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829934 1.0 0 CLI - Rd ping 0 CLI - Wr 200 19 PONG 1340829937 1.0 netstat -tlnp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3086/nginx tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1915/varnishd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1279/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.2:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3195/sendmail: MTA: tcp 0 0 127.0.0.2:6082 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1914/varnishd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.2:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1317/php-fpm.conf) tcp 0 0 127.0.0.2:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1192/mysqld tcp 0 0 127.0.0.2:587 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3195/sendmail: MTA: tcp 0 0 127.0.0.2:11211 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3072/memcached tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 3086/nginx tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 1915/varnishd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1279/sshd /etc/nginx/site-enabled/default server { listen 8080; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied listen [::]:8080 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /usr/share/nginx/www; index index.html index.htm index.php; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name localhost; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.2; deny all; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex off; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /usr/share/nginx/www; #} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.2:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/www.mysite.com.vhost server { listen 8080; server_name www.mysite.com mysite.com.net; root /var/www/www.mysite.com/web; if ($http_host != "www.mysite.com") { rewrite ^ http://www.mysite.com$request_uri permanent; } index index.php index.html; location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } # Deny all attempts to access hidden files such as .htaccess, .htpasswd, .DS_Store (Mac). location ~ /\. { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; } location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } # Add trailing slash to */wp-admin requests. rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent; location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|css|js|ico)$ { expires max; log_not_found off; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.2:9000; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } include /var/www/www.mysite.com/web/nginx.conf; location ~ /nginx.conf { deny all; access_log off; log_not_found off; } } /etc/varnish/default.vcl # This is a basic VCL configuration file for varnish. See the vcl(7) # man page for details on VCL syntax and semantics. # # Default backend definition. Set this to point to your content # server. # backend default { .host = "127.0.0.2"; .port = "8080"; # .connect_timeout = 600s; #.first_byte_timeout = 600s; # .between_bytes_timeout = 600s; # .max_connections = 800; Note: uncommenting the last four options at default.vcl made no difference. cat /etc/default/varnish # Configuration file for varnish # # /etc/init.d/varnish expects the variables $DAEMON_OPTS, $NFILES and $MEMLOCK # to be set from this shell script fragment. # # Should we start varnishd at boot? Set to "yes" to enable. START=yes # Maximum number of open files (for ulimit -n) NFILES=131072 # Maximum locked memory size (for ulimit -l) # Used for locking the shared memory log in memory. If you increase log size, # you need to increase this number as well MEMLOCK=82000 # Default varnish instance name is the local nodename. Can be overridden with # the -n switch, to have more instances on a single server. INSTANCE=$(uname -n) # This file contains 4 alternatives, please use only one. ## Alternative 1, Minimal configuration, no VCL # # Listen on port 6081, administration on localhost:6082, and forward to # content server on localhost:8080. Use a 1GB fixed-size cache file. # # DAEMON_OPTS="-a :6081 \ # -T localhost:6082 \ # -b localhost:8080 \ # -u varnish -g varnish \ # -S /etc/varnish/secret \ # -s file,/var/lib/varnish/$INSTANCE/varnish_storage.bin,1G" ## Alternative 2, Configuration with VCL # # Listen on port 6081, administration on localhost:6082, and forward to # one content server selected by the vcl file, based on the request. Use a 1GB # fixed-size cache file. # DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80 \ -T 127.0.0.2:6082 \ -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \ -S /etc/varnish/secret \ -s file,/var/lib/varnish/$INSTANCE/varnish_storage.bin,1G" If you need any other info let me know. I am all out of clue as to whats the problem.

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• Does anyone really understand how HFSC scheduling in Linux/BSD works?

  - by Mecki

  I read the original SIGCOMM '97 PostScript paper about HFSC, it is very technically, but I understand the basic concept. Instead of giving a linear service curve (as with pretty much every other scheduling algorithm), you can specify a convex or concave service curve and thus it is possible to decouple bandwidth and delay. However, even though this paper mentions to kind of scheduling algorithms being used (real-time and link-share), it always only mentions ONE curve per scheduling class (the decoupling is done by specifying this curve, only one curve is needed for that). Now HFSC has been implemented for BSD (OpenBSD, FreeBSD, etc.) using the ALTQ scheduling framework and it has been implemented Linux using the TC scheduling framework (part of iproute2). Both implementations added two additional service curves, that were NOT in the original paper! A real-time service curve and an upper-limit service curve. Again, please note that the original paper mentions two scheduling algorithms (real-time and link-share), but in that paper both work with one single service curve. There never have been two independent service curves for either one as you currently find in BSD and Linux. Even worse, some version of ALTQ seems to add an additional queue priority to HSFC (there is no such thing as priority in the original paper either). I found several BSD HowTo's mentioning this priority setting (even though the man page of the latest ALTQ release knows no such parameter for HSFC, so officially it does not even exist). This all makes the HFSC scheduling even more complex than the algorithm described in the original paper and there are tons of tutorials on the Internet that often contradict each other, one claiming the opposite of the other one. This is probably the main reason why nobody really seems to understand how HFSC scheduling really works. Before I can ask my questions, we need a sample setup of some kind. I'll use a very simple one as seen in the image below: Here are some questions I cannot answer because the tutorials contradict each other: What for do I need a real-time curve at all? Assuming A1, A2, B1, B2 are all 128 kbit/s link-share (no real-time curve for either one), then each of those will get 128 kbit/s if the root has 512 kbit/s to distribute (and A and B are both 256 kbit/s of course), right? Why would I additionally give A1 and B1 a real-time curve with 128 kbit/s? What would this be good for? To give those two a higher priority? According to original paper I can give them a higher priority by using a curve, that's what HFSC is all about after all. By giving both classes a curve of [256kbit/s 20ms 128kbit/s] both have twice the priority than A2 and B2 automatically (still only getting 128 kbit/s on average) Does the real-time bandwidth count towards the link-share bandwidth? E.g. if A1 and B1 both only have 64kbit/s real-time and 64kbit/s link-share bandwidth, does that mean once they are served 64kbit/s via real-time, their link-share requirement is satisfied as well (they might get excess bandwidth, but lets ignore that for a second) or does that mean they get another 64 kbit/s via link-share? So does each class has a bandwidth "requirement" of real-time plus link-share? Or does a class only have a higher requirement than the real-time curve if the link-share curve is higher than the real-time curve (current link-share requirement equals specified link-share requirement minus real-time bandwidth already provided to this class)? Is upper limit curve applied to real-time as well, only to link-share, or maybe to both? Some tutorials say one way, some say the other way. Some even claim upper-limit is the maximum for real-time bandwidth + link-share bandwidth? What is the truth? Assuming A2 and B2 are both 128 kbit/s, does it make any difference if A1 and B1 are 128 kbit/s link-share only, or 64 kbit/s real-time and 128 kbit/s link-share, and if so, what difference? If I use the seperate real-time curve to increase priorities of classes, why would I need "curves" at all? Why is not real-time a flat value and link-share also a flat value? Why are both curves? The need for curves is clear in the original paper, because there is only one attribute of that kind per class. But now, having three attributes (real-time, link-share, and upper-limit) what for do I still need curves on each one? Why would I want the curves shape (not average bandwidth, but their slopes) to be different for real-time and link-share traffic? According to the little documentation available, real-time curve values are totally ignored for inner classes (class A and B), they are only applied to leaf classes (A1, A2, B1, B2). If that is true, why does the ALTQ HFSC sample configuration (search for 3.3 Sample configuration) set real-time curves on inner classes and claims that those set the guaranteed rate of those inner classes? Isn't that completely pointless? (note: pshare sets the link-share curve in ALTQ and grate the real-time curve; you can see this in the paragraph above the sample configuration). Some tutorials say the sum of all real-time curves may not be higher than 80% of the line speed, others say it must not be higher than 70% of the line speed. Which one is right or are they maybe both wrong? One tutorial said you shall forget all the theory. No matter how things really work (schedulers and bandwidth distribution), imagine the three curves according to the following "simplified mind model": real-time is the guaranteed bandwidth that this class will always get. link-share is the bandwidth that this class wants to become fully satisfied, but satisfaction cannot be guaranteed. In case there is excess bandwidth, the class might even get offered more bandwidth than necessary to become satisfied, but it may never use more than upper-limit says. For all this to work, the sum of all real-time bandwidths may not be above xx% of the line speed (see question above, the percentage varies). Question: Is this more or less accurate or a total misunderstanding of HSFC? And if assumption above is really accurate, where is prioritization in that model? E.g. every class might have a real-time bandwidth (guaranteed), a link-share bandwidth (not guaranteed) and an maybe an upper-limit, but still some classes have higher priority needs than other classes. In that case I must still prioritize somehow, even among real-time traffic of those classes. Would I prioritize by the slope of the curves? And if so, which curve? The real-time curve? The link-share curve? The upper-limit curve? All of them? Would I give all of them the same slope or each a different one and how to find out the right slope? I still haven't lost hope that there exists at least a hand full of people in this world that really understood HFSC and are able to answer all these questions accurately. And doing so without contradicting each other in the answers would be really nice ;-)

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• How can I close a Window using the OS-X ScriptingBridge framework, from Perl?

  - by Gavin Brock

  Problem... Since MacPerl is no longer supported on 64bit perl, I am trying alternative frameworks to control Terminal.app. I am trying the ScriptingBridge, but have run into a problem passing an enumerated string to the closeSaving method using the PerlObjCBridge. I want to call: typedef enum { TerminalSaveOptionsYes = 'yes ' /* Save the file. */, TerminalSaveOptionsNo = 'no ' /* Do not save the file. */, TerminalSaveOptionsAsk = 'ask ' /* Ask the user whether or not to save the file. */ } TerminalSaveOptions; - (void) closeSaving:(TerminalSaveOptions)saving savingIn:(NSURL *)savingIn; // Close a document. Attempted Solution... I have tried: #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use Foundation; # Load the ScriptingBridge framework NSBundle->bundleWithPath_('/System/Library/Frameworks/ScriptingBridge.framework')->load; @SBApplication::ISA = qw(PerlObjCBridge); # Set up scripting bridge for Terminal.app my $terminal = SBApplication->applicationWithBundleIdentifier_("com.apple.terminal"); # Open a new window, get back the tab my $tab = $terminal->doScript_in_('exec sleep 60', undef); warn "Opened tty: ".$tab->tty->UTF8String; # Yes, it is a tab # Now try to close it # Simple idea eval { $tab->closeSaving_savingIn_('no ', undef) }; warn $@ if $@; # Try passing a string ref my $no = 'no '; eval { $tab->closeSaving_savingIn_(\$no, undef) }; warn $@ if $@; # Ok - get a pointer to the string my $pointer = pack("P4", $no); eval { $tab->closeSaving_savingIn_($pointer, undef) }; warn $@ if $@; eval { $tab->closeSaving_savingIn_(\$pointer, undef) }; warn $@ if $@; # Try a pointer decodes as an int, like PerlObjCBridge uses my $int_pointer = unpack("L!", $pointer); eval { $tab->closeSaving_savingIn_($int_pointer, undef) }; warn $@ if $@; eval { $tab->closeSaving_savingIn_(\$int_pointer, undef) }; warn $@ if $@; # Aaarrgghhhh.... As you can see, all my guesses at how to pass the enumerated string fail. Before you flame me... I know that I could use another language (ruby, python, cocoa) to do this but that would require translating the rest of the code. I might be able to use CamelBones, but I don't want to assume my users have it installed. I could also use the NSAppleScript framework (assuming I went to the trouble of finding the Tab and Window IDs) but it seems odd to have to resort to it for just this one call.

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• Odd behavior in Django Form (readonly field/widget)

  - by jamida

  I'm having a problem with a test app I'm writing to verify some Django functionality. The test app is a small "grade book" application that is currently using Alex Gaynor's readonly field functionality http://lazypython.blogspot.com/2008/12/building-read-only-field-in-django.html There are 2 problems which may be related. First, when I flop the comment on these 2 lines below: # myform = GradeForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) myform = GradeROForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) it works like I expect, except of course that the student field is changeable. When the comments are the shown way, the "studentId" field is displayed as a number (not the name, problem 1) and when I hit submit I get an error saying that studentId needs to be a Student instance. I'm at a loss as to how to fix this. I'm not wedded to Alex Gaynor's code. ANY code will work. I'm relatively new to both Python and Django, so the hints I've seen on websites that say "making a read-only field is easy" are still beyond me. // models.py class Student(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) parent = models.CharField(max_length=50) def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Grade(models.Model): studentId = models.ForeignKey(Student) finalGrade = models.CharField(max_length=3) # testbed.grades.readonly is alex gaynor's code from testbed.grades.readonly import ReadOnlyField class GradeROForm(ModelForm): studentId = ReadOnlyField() class Meta: model=Grade class GradeForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model=Grade // views.py def modifyGrade(request,student): student = Student.objects.get(name=student) mygrade = Grade.objects.get(studentId=student) if request.method == "POST": # myform = GradeForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) myform = GradeROForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) if myform.is_valid(): grade = myform.save() info = "successfully updated %s" % grade.studentId else: # myform=GradeForm(instance=mygrade) myform=GradeROForm(instance=mygrade) return render_to_response('grades/modifyGrade.html',locals()) // template <p>{{ info }}</p> <form method="POST" action=""> <table> {{ myform.as_table }} </table> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> // Alex Gaynor's code from django import forms from django.utils.html import escape from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe from django.forms.util import flatatt class ReadOnlyWidget(forms.Widget): def render(self, name, value, attrs): final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name) if hasattr(self, 'initial'): value = self.initial return mark_safe("<span %s>%s</span>" % (flatatt(final_attrs), escape(value) or '')) def _has_changed(self, initial, data): return False class ReadOnlyField(forms.FileField): widget = ReadOnlyWidget def __init__(self, widget=None, label=None, initial=None, help_text=None): forms.Field.__init__(self, label=label, initial=initial, help_text=help_text, widget=widget) def clean(self, value, initial): self.widget.initial = initial return initial

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• Can't connect to samba

  - by Rick

  Windows 7, connecting to Samba shares I have a follow up question from the link above. I am running Samba 3.0.23d on FreeBSD is release 7.1 I changed the policies as described above but still cannot connect to the samba server with the windows 7 or a server 2008. I feel it is a problem with recognizing the new machines on the network. the windows machines can see the samba server, but cannot connect to it or view any of the files. After changing the security policies the samba server asked for network id and password but would not allow the machine to connect, said they were unknown username or bad password. Here is my current config file. there is no sign of encryption anywhere, should I just add the line? not sure what that would do elsewhere. Workgroup = WWOFFSET server string = WWO File Server (%v) security = server username map = /usr/local/etc/smb.users hosts allow = 10. 127. # If you want to automatically load your printer list rather # than setting them up individually then you'll need this ; load printers = yes # you may wish to override the location of the printcap file ; printcap name = /etc/printcap # on SystemV system setting printcap name to lpstat should allow # you to automatically obtain a printer list from the SystemV spool # system ; printcap name = lpstat # It should not be necessary to specify the print system type unless # it is non-standard. Currently supported print systems include: # bsd, cups, sysv, plp, lprng, aix, hpux, qnx ; printing = cups # Uncomment this if you want a guest account, you must add this to /etc/passwd # otherwise the user "nobody" is used ; guest account = pcguest # this tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine # that connects log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m # Put a capping on the size of the log files (in Kb). max log size = 50 # Use password server option only with security = server # The argument list may include: # password server = My_PDC_Name [My_BDC_Name] [My_Next_BDC_Name] # or to auto-locate the domain controller/s # password server = * ; password server = <NT-Server-Name> password server = SERVER0 # Use the realm option only with security = ads # Specifies the Active Directory realm the host is part of ; realm = MY_REALM # Backend to store user information in. New installations should # use either tdbsam or ldapsam. smbpasswd is available for backwards # compatibility. tdbsam requires no further configuration. ; passdb backend = tdbsam ; passdb backend = smbpasswd # Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration # on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name # of the machine that is connecting. # Note: Consider carefully the location in the configuration file of # this line. The included file is read at that point. ; include = /usr/local/etc/smb.conf.%m # Most people will find that this option gives better performance. # See the chapter 'Samba performance issues' in the Samba HOWTO Collection # and the manual pages for details. # You may want to add the following on a Linux system: # SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192 socket options = TCP_NODELAY # Configure Samba to use multiple interfaces # If you have multiple network interfaces then you must list them # here. See the man page for details. ; interfaces = 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24 # Browser Control Options: # set local master to no if you don't want Samba to become a master # browser on your network. Otherwise the normal election rules apply ; local master = no # OS Level determines the precedence of this server in master browser # elections. The default value should be reasonable ; os level = 33 # Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. This # allows Samba to collate browse lists between subnets. Don't use this # if you already have a Windows NT domain controller doing this job ; domain master = yes # Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup # and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election ; preferred master = yes # Enable this if you want Samba to be a domain logon server for # Windows95 workstations. ; domain logons = yes # if you enable domain logons then you may want a per-machine or # per user logon script # run a specific logon batch file per workstation (machine) ; logon script = %m.bat # run a specific logon batch file per username ; logon script = %U.bat # Where to store roving profiles (only for Win95 and WinNT) # %L substitutes for this servers netbios name, %U is username # You must uncomment the [Profiles] share below ; logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%U # Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section: # WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable it's WINS Server ; wins support = yes # WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client # Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both ; wins server = w.x.y.z # WINS Proxy - Tells Samba to answer name resolution queries on # behalf of a non WINS capable client, for this to work there must be # at least one WINS Server on the network. The default is NO. ; wins proxy = yes # DNS Proxy - tells Samba whether or not to try to resolve NetBIOS names # via DNS nslookups. The default is NO. dns proxy = no # charset settings ; display charset = ASCII ; unix charset = ASCII ; dos charset = ASCII # These scripts are used on a domain controller or stand-alone # machine to add or delete corresponding unix accounts ; add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd %u ; add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd %g ; add machine script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g machines -c Machine -d /dev/null -s /bin/false %u ; delete user script = /usr/sbin/userdel %u ; delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/deluser %u %g ; delete group script = /usr/sbin/groupdel %g unix extensions = no

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• Binary Search Tree in C

  - by heapzero

  Hi, I'm a Python guy. Learning C language and I've been trying to implement Binary Search Tree in C. I wrote down the code, and I've been trying from few hours but, not able to get the output as expected. Please help! Please correct me. #include<stdlib.h> #include<stdio.h> typedef int ElementType; typedef struct TreeNode { ElementType element; struct TreeNode *left, *right; } TreeNode; TreeNode *createTree(){ //Create the root of tree TreeNode *tempNode; tempNode = malloc(sizeof(TreeNode)); tempNode->element = 0; tempNode->left = NULL; tempNode->right = NULL; return tempNode; } TreeNode *createNode(ElementType X){ //Create a new leaf node and return the pointer TreeNode *tempNode; tempNode = malloc(sizeof(TreeNode)); tempNode->element = X; tempNode->left = NULL; tempNode->right = NULL; return tempNode; } TreeNode *insertElement(TreeNode *node, ElementType X){ //insert element to Tree if(node==NULL){ return createNode(X); } else{ if(X < node->element){ node->left = insertElement(node->left, X); } else if(X > node->element){ node->right = insertElement(node->right, X); } else if(X == node->element){ printf("Oops! the element is already present in the tree."); } } } TreeNode *displayTree(TreeNode *node){ //display the full tree if(node==NULL){ return; } displayTree(node->left); printf("| %d ", node->element); displayTree(node->right); } main(){ //pointer to root of tree #2 TreeNode *TreePtr; TreeNode *TreeRoot; TreeNode *TreeChild; //Create the root of tree TreePtr = createTree(); TreeRoot = TreePtr; TreeRoot->element = 32; printf("%d\n",TreeRoot->element); insertElement(TreeRoot, 8); TreeChild = TreeRoot->left; printf("%d\n",TreeChild->element); insertElement(TreeRoot, 2); insertElement(TreeRoot, 7); insertElement(TreeRoot, 42); insertElement(TreeRoot, 28); insertElement(TreeRoot, 1); insertElement(TreeRoot, 4); insertElement(TreeRoot, 5); // the output is not as expected :( displayTree(TreeRoot); }

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• Does anyone really understand how HFSC scheduling in Linux/BSD works?

  - by Mecki

  I read the original SIGCOMM '97 PostScript paper about HFSC, it is very technically, but I understand the basic concept. Instead of giving a linear service curve (as with pretty much every other scheduling algorithm), you can specify a convex or concave service curve and thus it is possible to decouple bandwidth and delay. However, even though this paper mentions to kind of scheduling algorithms being used (real-time and link-share), it always only mentions ONE curve per scheduling class (the decoupling is done by specifying this curve, only one curve is needed for that). Now HFSC has been implemented for BSD (OpenBSD, FreeBSD, etc.) using the ALTQ scheduling framework and it has been implemented Linux using the TC scheduling framework (part of iproute2). Both implementations added two additional service curves, that were NOT in the original paper! A real-time service curve and an upper-limit service curve. Again, please note that the original paper mentions two scheduling algorithms (real-time and link-share), but in that paper both work with one single service curve. There never have been two independent service curves for either one as you currently find in BSD and Linux. Even worse, some version of ALTQ seems to add an additional queue priority to HSFC (there is no such thing as priority in the original paper either). I found several BSD HowTo's mentioning this priority setting (even though the man page of the latest ALTQ release knows no such parameter for HSFC, so officially it does not even exist). This all makes the HFSC scheduling even more complex than the algorithm described in the original paper and there are tons of tutorials on the Internet that often contradict each other, one claiming the opposite of the other one. This is probably the main reason why nobody really seems to understand how HFSC scheduling really works. Before I can ask my questions, we need a sample setup of some kind. I'll use a very simple one as seen in the image below: Here are some questions I cannot answer because the tutorials contradict each other: What for do I need a real-time curve at all? Assuming A1, A2, B1, B2 are all 128 kbit/s link-share (no real-time curve for either one), then each of those will get 128 kbit/s if the root has 512 kbit/s to distribute (and A and B are both 256 kbit/s of course), right? Why would I additionally give A1 and B1 a real-time curve with 128 kbit/s? What would this be good for? To give those two a higher priority? According to original paper I can give them a higher priority by using a curve, that's what HFSC is all about after all. By giving both classes a curve of [256kbit/s 20ms 128kbit/s] both have twice the priority than A2 and B2 automatically (still only getting 128 kbit/s on average) Does the real-time bandwidth count towards the link-share bandwidth? E.g. if A1 and B1 both only have 64kbit/s real-time and 64kbit/s link-share bandwidth, does that mean once they are served 64kbit/s via real-time, their link-share requirement is satisfied as well (they might get excess bandwidth, but lets ignore that for a second) or does that mean they get another 64 kbit/s via link-share? So does each class has a bandwidth "requirement" of real-time plus link-share? Or does a class only have a higher requirement than the real-time curve if the link-share curve is higher than the real-time curve (current link-share requirement equals specified link-share requirement minus real-time bandwidth already provided to this class)? Is upper limit curve applied to real-time as well, only to link-share, or maybe to both? Some tutorials say one way, some say the other way. Some even claim upper-limit is the maximum for real-time bandwidth + link-share bandwidth? What is the truth? Assuming A2 and B2 are both 128 kbit/s, does it make any difference if A1 and B1 are 128 kbit/s link-share only, or 64 kbit/s real-time and 128 kbit/s link-share, and if so, what difference? If I use the seperate real-time curve to increase priorities of classes, why would I need "curves" at all? Why is not real-time a flat value and link-share also a flat value? Why are both curves? The need for curves is clear in the original paper, because there is only one attribute of that kind per class. But now, having three attributes (real-time, link-share, and upper-limit) what for do I still need curves on each one? Why would I want the curves shape (not average bandwidth, but their slopes) to be different for real-time and link-share traffic? According to the little documentation available, real-time curve values are totally ignored for inner classes (class A and B), they are only applied to leaf classes (A1, A2, B1, B2). If that is true, why does the ALTQ HFSC sample configuration (search for 3.3 Sample configuration) set real-time curves on inner classes and claims that those set the guaranteed rate of those inner classes? Isn't that completely pointless? (note: pshare sets the link-share curve in ALTQ and grate the real-time curve; you can see this in the paragraph above the sample configuration). Some tutorials say the sum of all real-time curves may not be higher than 80% of the line speed, others say it must not be higher than 70% of the line speed. Which one is right or are they maybe both wrong? One tutorial said you shall forget all the theory. No matter how things really work (schedulers and bandwidth distribution), imagine the three curves according to the following "simplified mind model": real-time is the guaranteed bandwidth that this class will always get. link-share is the bandwidth that this class wants to become fully satisfied, but satisfaction cannot be guaranteed. In case there is excess bandwidth, the class might even get offered more bandwidth than necessary to become satisfied, but it may never use more than upper-limit says. For all this to work, the sum of all real-time bandwidths may not be above xx% of the line speed (see question above, the percentage varies). Question: Is this more or less accurate or a total misunderstanding of HSFC? And if assumption above is really accurate, where is prioritization in that model? E.g. every class might have a real-time bandwidth (guaranteed), a link-share bandwidth (not guaranteed) and an maybe an upper-limit, but still some classes have higher priority needs than other classes. In that case I must still prioritize somehow, even among real-time traffic of those classes. Would I prioritize by the slope of the curves? And if so, which curve? The real-time curve? The link-share curve? The upper-limit curve? All of them? Would I give all of them the same slope or each a different one and how to find out the right slope? I still haven't lost hope that there exists at least a hand full of people in this world that really understood HFSC and are able to answer all these questions accurately. And doing so without contradicting each other in the answers would be really nice ;-)

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