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  • dns server bind is not work

    - by milad
    I just installed bind on RHEL 6 and point a domain to that server. but actually when i ping domain it returns error 1214: Here is my named.conf: // // named.conf // // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only). // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // options { listen-on port 53 { any; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { any; }; recursion yes; dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; include "/etc/named.root.key"; zone "mydomain.com"{ type master; file "/var/named/data/named.mydomain.com"; allow-update { none; }; };` AND The content of "/var/named/data/named.mydomain.com": $TTL 38400 mydomain.com. IN SOA ns1.mydomain.com. milad.yahoo.com. ( 2012101201 ; serial number YYMMDDNN 28800 ; Refresh 7200 ; Retry 864000 ; Expire 38400 ; Min TTL ) mydomain.com. IN A 1.2.3.4 www IN A 1.2.3.4 ns1.mydomain.com. IN A 1.2.3.4 ns2.mydomain.com. IN A 1.2.3.4 mydomain.com. IN NS ns1.mydomain.com. mydomain.com. IN NS ns2.mydomain.com. AND i'm sure the named service is running: [root@server ~]# service named status version: 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.3 CPUs found: 8 worker threads: 8 number of zones: 20 debug level: 0 xfers running: 0 xfers deferred: 0 soa queries in progress: 0 query logging is OFF recursive clients: 0/0/1000 tcp clients: 0/100 server is up and running named (pid 26299) is running... Thanks for your answers. i know that the ping is not the job of bind, i use it just to check whether domain is pointed to host or not.(ping is open in my server as i got reply in pinging ip) i use network-tools.com to ping domain. here the output of dig utility: dig mydomain.com ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.3 <<>> mydomain.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 6806 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mydomain.com. IN A ;; Query time: 321 msec ;; SERVER: 5.6.7.8#53(5.6.7.8)##note that 5.6.7.8 is my idc dns ip ;; WHEN: Sun Oct 14 23:53:47 2012

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  • MediaWiki migrated from Tiger to Snow Leopard throwing an exceptions

    - by Matt S
    I had an old laptop running Mac OS X 10.4 with macports for web development: Apache 2, PHP 5.3.2, Mysql 5, etc. I got a new laptop running Mac OS X 10.6 and installed macports. I installed the same web development apps: Apache 2, PHP 5.3.2, Mysql 5, etc. All versions the same as my old laptop. A Mediawiki site (version 1.15) was copied over from my old system (via the Migration Assistant). Having a fresh Mysql setup, I dumped my old database and imported it on the new system. When I try to browse to mediawiki's "Special" pages, I get the following exception thrown: Invalid language code requested Backtrace: #0 /languages/Language.php(2539): Language::loadLocalisation(NULL) #1 /includes/MessageCache.php(846): Language::getFallbackFor(NULL) #2 /includes/MessageCache.php(821): MessageCache->processMessagesArray(Array, NULL) #3 /includes/GlobalFunctions.php(2901): MessageCache->loadMessagesFile('/Users/matt/Sit...', false) #4 /extensions/OpenID/OpenID.setup.php(181): wfLoadExtensionMessages('OpenID') #5 [internal function]: OpenIDLocalizedPageName(Array, 'en') #6 /includes/Hooks.php(117): call_user_func_array('OpenIDLocalized...', Array) #7 /languages/Language.php(1851): wfRunHooks('LanguageGetSpec...', Array) #8 /includes/SpecialPage.php(240): Language->getSpecialPageAliases() #9 /includes/SpecialPage.php(262): SpecialPage::initAliasList() #10 /includes/SpecialPage.php(406): SpecialPage::resolveAlias('UserLogin') #11 /includes/SpecialPage.php(507): SpecialPage::getPageByAlias('UserLogin') #12 /includes/Wiki.php(229): SpecialPage::executePath(Object(Title)) #13 /includes/Wiki.php(59): MediaWiki->initializeSpecialCases(Object(Title), Object(OutputPage), Object(WebRequest)) #14 /index.php(116): MediaWiki->initialize(Object(Title), NULL, Object(OutputPage), Object(User), Object(WebRequest)) #15 {main} I tried to step through Mediawiki's code, but it's a mess. There are global variables everywhere. If I change the code slightly to get around the exception, the page comes up blank and there are no errors (implying there are multiple problems). Anyone else get Mediawiki 1.15 working on OS X 10.6 with macports? Anything in the migration from Tiger that could cause a problem? Any clues where to look for answers?

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  • Issue with SSL using HAProxy and Nginx

    - by Ben Chiappetta
    I'm building a highly available site using a multiple HAProxy load balancers, Nginx web serves, and MySQL servers. The site needs to be able to survive load balancer or web servers nodes going offline without any interruption of service to visitors. Currently, I have two boxes running HAProxy sharing a virtual IP using keepalived, which forward to two web servers running Nginx, which then tie into two MySQL boxes using MySQL replication and sharing a virtual IP using heartbeat. Everything is working correctly except for SSL traffic over HAProxy. I'm running version 1.5 dev12 with openssl support compiled in. When I try to navigate to the virtual IP for haproxy over https, I get the message: The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port. Here's my haproxy.cfg so far, which was mainly assembled from other posts: global log 127.0.0.1 local0 log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice # log 127.0.0.1 local0 user haproxy group haproxy daemon maxconn 20000 defaults log global option dontlognull balance leastconn clitimeout 60000 srvtimeout 60000 contimeout 5000 retries 3 option redispatch listen front bind :80 bind :443 ssl crt /etc/pki/tls/certs/cert.pem mode http option http-server-close option forwardfor reqadd X-Forwarded-Proto:\ https if { is_ssl } reqadd X-Proto:\ SSL if { is_ssl } server web01 192.168.25.34 check inter 1s server web02 192.168.25.32 check inter 1s stats enable stats uri /stats stats realm HAProxy\ Statistics stats auth admin:********* Any idea why SSL traffic isn't being passed correctly? Also, any other changes you would recommend? I still need to configure logging, so don't worry about that section. Thanks in advance your help.

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  • How do I import large sql file to local LAMP (xampp) environment

    - by mraslton
    I have used Linux to import a large mysql dump file (into a new database), but am new to how the process works in a local LAMP environment using xampp, as xampp does not support SSH. I've dowloaded the large_dump_file.sql from the Linux server to my local system. I'm using Windows XP and have used xampp to setup LAMP. I am able to access the local_database via phpMyAdmin, but the dump file is too large to import using that app. I'm trying to import the file via the command prompt, but so far with no success. At the prompt: cd .. cd .. cd xampp cd mysql cd bin I've found that mysqlimport is used to import .csv and .txt files, and mysql is used to import .sql files, but can't find documentation as to whether or not to use the -u -p options so I've tried many variations of the command with no luck. What would be the proper command? I've modified the hosts, virtual-hosts conf, and apache config files. Do I need to change any other config files on my local system? Thanks.

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  • Balancing internal services using a Cisco CSS 11501

    - by Ladadadada
    First, the background to the problem: I have a Cisco CSS11501 that I am using to load balance a few web servers. These web servers have two network interfaces, one internal and one external and we are sending the requests to the internal interface. We have the CSS configured to do NAT because our webservers need to see the client's IP address. Because the TCP packets hit the webservers with a source address on the Internet, the webserver tries to send the packet back to the client over the external interface and not through the load balancer. In order to stop these requests being sent back out to the Internet via the external interface, we added a routing rule on these boxes so that all traffic with a source address on the internet will use the load balancer as the gateway. This part works fine. What I would also like to to is use the CSS as a load balancer for internal services such as our MySQL slaves. When I do this, I run into a similar problem; the TCP connection goes from the web server to the load balancer and then from the load balancer to the MySQL slave but the CSS spoofs a source address of the original webserver. The MySQL slave then tries to send the response directly to the webserver via the internal network and not via the load balancer. The ideal solution would be to tell the CSS not to do source address spoofing on the internal network and only do it for requests originating on the Internet. Is this possible ? Failing that, is there a way of directing the load balanced traffic back through the load balancer while keeping the other traffic (say SSH) purely on the internal network ? Is there another way of using the CSS11501 to load balance internal services ?

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  • PHP-FPM issue on LEMP Stack and WordPress

    - by jw60660
    I'm very much a NGINX and Server Admin beginner. I used this tutorial to install NGINX / PHP / mySQL / WordPress: C3M Digital Tutorial In this tutorial the backend php-cgi setup is configured using fastcgi. php5-fpm was installed during this tutorial: apt-get install nginx-full php5-fpm php5 php5-mysql php5-apc php5-mysql php5-xsl php5-xmlrpc php5-sqlite php5-snmp php5-curl After reading that the NGINX configuration on the WordPress codec was more secure than most tutorials, I decided to use the codex configuration: WordPress NGINX configuration in Codex The Codex configuration uses php-fpm for backend php-cgi. When opening the browser I got a 502 Bad Gateway error. The error log was: "2012/06/10 21:18:27 [crit] 14009#0: *4 connect() to unix:/tmp/php-fpm.sock failed (2: No such file or directory) while connecting to upstream, client: 12.3.456.789, server: mywebsite.com, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/tmp/php-fpm.sock:", hos t: "mywebsite.com"" In the main NGINX configuration file supplied by the codex I noticed the line starting "server unix:" in the upstream php block which point to the empty directory: # Upstream to abstract backend connection(s) for PHP. upstream php { server unix:/tmp/php-fpm.sock; # server 127.0.0.1:9000; } I checked the folder at /tmp and it was empty. Seems I missed configuring php-fpm to play with NGINX. Can someone point me in the right direction? Much appreciated!

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  • FreeRADIUS Default Answer

    - by jinanwow
    We are using FreeRADIUS with a MySQL database, authenticating users. We ran into an issue where are MySQL database was slow causing the max number of threads to be reached. The issue with this is, when the server couldn't answer the requests as there were no threads avaiable, it sent the response of Access-Reject to the clients. Our devices cache client connections and periodically checks with the server to see if they should still be allowed or to remove them. The equipment is designed that if there is no response from the server and a client is connected it will remain connected. The issue is, when the radius server is at its max threads, its default answer is to send access-reject (verified via packet capture), however we would like to change the default behavior to just ignore the request (keeping the clients connected). We have fixed the MySQL database issue for now, but I would like to change the default from Access-Reject, to just ignore the client altogeather. I have done research, but not able to find an answer to the question. Thanks in Advance.

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  • Installing Joomla on Windows Server 2008 with IIS 7.0

    - by Greg Zwaagstra
    Hi, I have been spending the past while trying to install Joomla on a server running Windows Server 2008. I have successfully installed PHP (using Microsoft's web tool for installing PHP with IIS) and MySQL and am now trying to run the browser-based installation. Everything comes up green, I fill in the appropriate information regarding the site name, MySQL information, etc. and no errors are thrown. However, when I get to the step that asks me to remove the installation directory, I am unable to do so as Windows states it is in use by another program (I cannot fathom how this is true). Also, there is no configuration.php file that is created so if I were to manage to delete this folder I have a feeling that there would be problems. I was thinking there was some kind of a permissions issue and have set the permissions for IIS_IUSRS to have read, write, and execute permissions for the entire folder that Joomla resides in but this has not helped. Any help in this matter is greatly appreciated. ;) Greg EDIT: I decided to try and manually install Joomla by manually editing the configuration.php file. This has worked great and now I am certain there is some kind of a permissions issue going on because I am able to do everything that involves the MySQL database (create an article, edit menu items, etc.), but anything that involves making changes to Joomla installation's directory does not work (install plugins, edit configuration settings using the Global Configuration menu within Joomla, etc.) I have granted IIS_IUSRS every permission except Full Control (reading on the Joomla! forums shows that this should be enough for everything to work). This is confusing to me and I am quite stuck on this problem. EDIT 2: The bizarre thing is that in the System Info under Directory Permissions, everything turns up as Writable but then whenever I try to actually use Joomla to, for example, edit the configuration.php file using the interface, it says it is unable to edit the file.

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  • Copy files from sub directories into one directory.

    - by Derek Organ
    Ok I have a bunch of files in this file structure format. /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-01.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-02.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-03.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-04.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-05.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-06.sql /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-07.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-01.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-02.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-03.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-04.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-05.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-06.sql /backup/daily/anotherdb/anotherdb-2011-01-07.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-01.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-02.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-03.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-04.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-05.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-06.sql /backup/daily/stuff/stuff-2011-01-07.sql And there are lots lots more. ultimately I want to import all the 2011-01-07.sql files into my mysql database. This works for one mysql -u root -ppassword < /backup/daily/database1/database1-2011-01-07.sql That will nicely restore that database from this backupfile. I want to run a process where it does this for all databases. So my plan is to first cp all 2011-01-07 sql files into a tmp dir e.g. cp /backup/daily/*/*2011-01-07*.sql /tmp/all The command above unfortunately isn't working I get an error: cp: cannot stat ..... No such file or directory So can you guys help me out with this. For bonus points if you can tell me how to do the next step which is import all databases in one command doing one at a time that would be great too. I really want to do these in two separate steps because I need to delete a few sql files manually from the tmp dir before I run the restore command. So I need: 1) command to copy all 2011-01-07 sql files to a tmp dir 2) command to import all those files in that dir into mysql I know its possible to do in one but for lots of reasons I really would prefer to do it in two steps.

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  • Cannot properly read files on the local server

    - by Andrew Bestic
    I'm running a RedHat 6.2 Amazon EC2 instance using stock Apache and IUS PHP53u+MySQL (+mbstring, +mysqli, +mcrypt), and phpMyAdmin from git. All configuration is near-vanilla, assuming the described installation procedure. I've been trying to import SQL files into the database using phpMyAdmin to read them from a directory on my server. phpMyAdmin lists the files fine in the drop down, but returns a "File could not be read" error when actually trying to import. Furthermore, when trying to execute file_get_contents(); on the file, it also returns a "failed to open stream: Permission denied" error. In fact, when my brother was attempting to import the SQL files using MySQL "SOURCE" as an authenticated MySQL user with ALL PRIVILEGES, he was getting an error reading the file. It seems that we are unable to read/import these files with ANY method other than root under SSH (although I can't say I've tried every possible method). I have never had this issue under regular CentOS (5, 6, 6.2) installations with the same LAMP stack configuration. Some things I've tried after searching Google and StackExchange: CHMOD 0777 both directory and files, CHOWN root, apache (only two users I can think of that PHP would use), Importing SQL files with total size under both upload_max_filesize and post_max_size, PHP open_basedir commented out, or = "/var/www" (my sites are using Apache VirtualHosts within that directory, and all the SQL files are deep within that directory), PHP safe mode is OFF (it was never ON) At the moment I have solved this issue with the smaller files by using the FILE UPLOAD method directly to phpMyAdmin, but this will not be suitable for uploading my 200+ MiB SQL files as I don't have a stable Internet connection. Any light you could shed on this situation would be greatly appreciated. I'm fair with Linux, and for the things that do stump me, Google usually has an answer. Not this time, though!

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  • PHP 5.3.2 Upgrade on Windows

    - by mcondiff
    I have a development box running Windows XP, Apache 2.2.15 Mysql and PHP 5.2.6 About a month ago I updated the Apache to the latest version and it went swimmingly. I am not having the same success with upgrading PHP to the latest version. I backed up my PHP directory and then deleted it. Used the Windows Installer for PHP 5.3.2, installed as an Apache 2.2.X module. I can get "Hello World" and phpinfo() to come up but cannot get mysql to connect. I have the extension un-commented in the php.ini and shouldn't really have to touch the Apache httpd.conf file since I didn't change the directory of PHP. Not sure what I'm doing wrong here. I have to get this right and then upgrade the Live Server too so I want to get this down pat. I've tried to use installation guides on the web with no luck. Any info pertaining to this problem would be great. I'm also afraid that the other PHP modules may not load but cannot really tell anything past mysql not working.

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  • "What happens?" server performance monitor

    - by AlexAtNet
    Hello! After reviewing some thread about server monitoring software I end up with a simple question: Which of the server monitoring tools should I use for automatic detection of "abnormal" situations with recommendations on how to fix them? I look for software that checks the system performance after installation and calculate some average load values (memory, CPU, etc). And when something happens (CPU load is increased to 20%) then it tries to detect a reason for this. If it is apache, it should check for access logs. If mysql, it should check mysql logs and tell me what happens. It this is because some user decodes a lot of images, I'd like to know which command is executed, when and user name. The same for disk usage, memory, number of processes, threads and so on. Ideally, this software should periodically checks the system and report problems: errors in PHP error log, outdated packages, security vulnerabilities. In other word I'm looking a software that will keep my simple Debian/Apache/PHP/MySQL server without forcing me to monitor the charts every day. I hope that such program exists. Thanks, Alex

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  • Could I use Windows 7 instead of Windows SBS 2008 for this server?

    - by Ecyrb
    First off, I'm not a sys admin. I'm just a software developer trying to help out my parents' small business. Right now they have one server, a domain controller with a P4 processor running SBS 2003. They also have this machine hosting QuickBooks, MySQL for the old version of an app, and SQL Server 2008 Express for the new version of the app (which will replace the old eventually). They've been complaining about the workstations being slow so I figured it might help if they bought a new server and moved QuickBooks, MySQL, and SQL Server to the new server, leaving the old server as just a DC. In trying to pick an operating system for their new server, I was thinking about Windows SBS 2008 Standard with enough licenses for seven machines. But that's a lot more money than they're going to want to spend. So then I wondered if there's any real advantage to having a server OS as opposed to just throwing Windows 7 on the new server. It's a lot cheaper and I can't think of any SBS features that it would need if it's just hosting QuickBooks, MySQL, and SQL Server. Would it be okay to use Windows 7 for a server like this? Are there any advantages to using SBS 2008 that I would be missing out on? Any additional tips are much appreciated!

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  • How to locate phpmyadmin on ubuntu

    - by Chris
    Okay, I'm usually a windows user and I write quite happily there, unfortunately (or fortunately) I have installed linux on a dual boot and having installed some software I have a question... Where is it? I installed Apache, PHP, MySQL and separately phpmyadmin, Apache is up and running, I've seen my phpinfo page and MySQL is there. MySQL is telling me that there's a database for phpmyadmin, but...erm.. I can't seem to locate it. On a windows machine the directory would be in the www directory and I'd just navigate there... localhost/phpmyadmin/ but on Ubuntu I can't find it in the equivalent. I've been to /var/www/ and there's my index.html (from apache) and my phptest.php file but no phpmyadmin. There is a phpmyadmin in /lib but that only has 2 files in it. So having rambled lots, my question is, what do I have to do to be able to navigate to the phpmyadmin index page? I realise this could fall under the description of a server related question and should be posted elsewhere but as it's software on a home system some help would be appreciated. Do I need to move some files from somewhere? Help! I really don't want to have to go back to developing on Windows as I'll be deploying to a lamp system, my learning curve will be steep.

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  • WAMP running extremely slow on WIndows 7

    - by JavaCake
    After 2 days of tough fight trying to figure out what the problem is with my Windows 7 32-bit machine at work i have nearly given up. The issue is that the pages are loaded extremely slow, the performance is both when accessed locally (127.0.0.1) or from another computer in the intranet. First to explain the system: WAMP version: Apache 2.2.22 – Mysql 5.5.24 – PHP 5.4.3 XDebug 2.1.2 XDC 1.5 PhpMyadmin 3.4.10.1 SQLBuddy 1.3.3 webGrind 1.0 DocumentRoot: Located on network drive MySQL: InnoDB Pages: PHP, MySQL, AJAX etc. So basically the changes i have made in order to get a greater performance: Changed C:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts: 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 Modified my.ini: innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 Modified httpd.ini: EnableMMAP on EnableSendfile on Modified php.ini: realpath_cache_size= 4m How i measure the performance is the overall loadtime of the page. I run it locally on my Mac OS X machine aswell (MAMP), and typically the frontpage loadtime is 0.06seconds but on the Windows 7 machine it is 6-10seconds. I have verified the loadtime with developertools in Chrome aswell. Furthermore the result is identical in XAMPP.

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  • Apache Server with memcache, varnish and php slow request times

    - by coolestdude1
    My issue is that these servers are taking rather long for request about 2 seconds on average just to serve files. When we had just one server doing everything it was noticeably faster even with the same web app (Drupal 6 and Drupal 7). I want to get this number down to a reasonable level and so I need some help getting to the bottom of why the request times are so slow. This can cause the webapp to hang on post or put and generally leads to a bad user experience on my sites. PS: I am more of a server newbie so this has confounded me for quite some time. The domains: collabornation.net nptrainingworks.com (they run off the same two webservers using vhost configs) The Gear: Two Rackspace 4 Gig servers running CentOS 6.2 Final They have a mounted file system (gluster) that is used to keep files the same on both machines. They are behind a rackspace load balancer running round robin. Mysql is run using php-pdo and php-mysql as such mysql is run on another instance running memcache on that machine with phpMyAdmin located there as well. Apache version number 2.2.15-15.el6.centos.1 (httpd.x86_64) Varnish version number 3.0.2-1.el5 (varnish.x86_64) PHP version number 5.3.14-1.el6.remi (php.x86_64) Configs Linked Below Apache Conf Vhost Conf Varnish Backends Varnish Defaults Varnish Acl PHP INI Again need some help, much appreciated!

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  • Is this a good starting point for iptables in Linux?

    - by sbrattla
    Hi, I'm new to iptables, and i've been trying to put together a firewall which purpose is to protect a web server. The below rules are the ones i've put together so far, and i would like to hear if the rules makes sense - and wether i've left out anything essential? In addition to port 80, i also need to have port 3306 (mysql) and 22 (ssh) open for external connections. Any feedback is highly appreciated! #!/bin/sh # Clear all existing rules. iptables -F # ACCEPT connections for loopback network connection, 127.0.0.1. iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # ALLOW established traffic iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # DROP packets that are NEW but does not have the SYN but set. iptables -A INPUT -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP # DROP fragmented packets, as there is no way to tell the source and destination ports of such a packet. iptables -A INPUT -f -j DROP # DROP packets with all tcp flags set (XMAS packets). iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP # DROP packets with no tcp flags set (NULL packets). iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP # ALLOW ssh traffic (and prevent against DoS attacks) iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport ssh -m limit --limit 1/s -j ACCEPT # ALLOW http traffic (and prevent against DoS attacks) iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport http -m limit --limit 5/s -j ACCEPT # ALLOW mysql traffic (and prevent against DoS attacks) iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport mysql -m limit --limit 25/s -j ACCEPT # DROP any other traffic. iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

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  • Debian 100% cpu every 30 minutes but not loggable?

    - by user654123
    I have a Debian 7 x64 machine running with Digital Ocean that has every 30 Minutes a 100% cpu usage for about 1 minute. A couple of days ago it stayed there for a couple of hours so the server finally crashed and I had to repair my Mysql databases. The server is a pure webserver running apache2 and Mysql. I tried tracing which processes use the cpu but with no luck. The script I used: #!/bin/sh while true; do ps -A -eo pcpu,pid,user,args | sort -k 1 -r | head -3 >> proclog.txt; echo "\n" >> proclog.txt; sleep 2; done I was monitoring htop as well while this was happening, but the top processess' cpu usage didn't add up to ~15% even though htop's cpu meter showed constant 100%. htop was configured to show all users' processess, user- and kernel-threads. Edit: By stopping Apache2 & Mysql prior to the expected 100% usage I can tell both are not responsible for it. The 100% usage occurred anyway. This is what the graph looked like the past hours:

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  • Checking for valid document files

    - by sweb
    I need a simple way to check if my files are valid documents (pdf, doc, docx, ppt, pptx, xls, xlsx, odt, ods, odp and etc). I can't use file because magic does not work well at all. For example, for PDF files, this is my output. sweb@sweb-laptop: /media/files/ebooks/PDF and CHM$ file --mime *. Pdf PHP 5 for Dummies. Pdf: application/pdf; charset=binary PHP 6 and MySQL 5 for Dynamic Web Sites. Pdf: application/octet-stream; charset=binary PHP6 and MySQL Bible. Pdf: application/pdf; charset=binary PHP6.pdf: application/octet-stream; charset=binary PHP and MySQL for Dummies SE. Pdf: application/pdf; charset=binary For example, I use abiword – which is a good tool – but it converts any format. It doesn't check for valid documents: abiword --to=txt --to-name=output.txt audio.mp3 Is there any command available to check for valid documents then?

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  • Apache downloads php files instead of running their source

    - by Devils Child
    I have just recently upgraded PHP 5.3 to 5.4 on my Debian Squeeze server. Now, instead of executing PHP files, Apache just downloads them, which is really bad. When I try to follow these steps, I get "broken packages" upon installing the libapache2-mod-php5 package. Also the answer tells me to add something to my httpd.conf, but it's empty. Question: How can I make apache execute php files again, instead of just passing them through as download? dpkg -l | grep php returns this rc libapache2-mod-php5 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (Apache 2 module) rc php5-cli 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 command-line interpreter for the php5 scripting language ii php5-common 5.4.15-1~dotdeb.2 Common files for packages built from the php5 source rc php5-gd 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 GD module for php5 rc php5-mcrypt 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 MCrypt module for php5 rc php5-mysql 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 MySQL module for php5 rc php5-suhosin 0.9.32.1-1 advanced protection module for php5 rc phpmyadmin 4:3.3.7-7 MySQL web administration tool And apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 produces this error The following packages have unmet dependencies: libapache2-mod-php5 : Depends: libdb5.1 but it is not installable Depends: libssl1.0.0 (>= 1.0.0) but it is not installable Depends: libxml2 (>= 2.8.0) but 2.7.8.dfsg-2+squeeze7 is to be installed Recommends: php5-cli but it is not going to be installed E: Broken packages

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  • Hosting options for data-enabled web application

    - by Hertfordian
    I am independently developing an asp.net business application with a MySQL database. I currently have a Windows web hosting account which includes MySQL and MS SQL as installed supported options. I am not yet finally committed to using MySQL and I want to keep my options open to evaluate MS SQL and possibly other options such as PostGreSQL later when more of the business logic is in place - my data access layer will handle the database connectivity. The web hosting setup I have now is fine for development purposes, but if in future I want to use, say, PostGreSQL Server, and a level of usage of, say, 10,000 hits per day concentrated in business hours, I'm assuming I'll need a dedicated server. But in that case, should I just install PostGreSQL on the dedicated server, or is best practice to have a separate database server - perhaps locked down so that it can only be accessed through the web server? And supposing it was only 2000 hits a day - how would that change things? I'd appreciate it if anyone could point me in the direction of a useful guide to these sorts of issues. Naturally if I start paying for separate servers, I would like to know exactly why I'm doing it and what the performance issues and thresholds are.

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  • NDepend tool – Why every developer working with Visual Studio.NET must try it!

    - by hajan
    In the past two months, I have had a chance to test the capabilities and features of the amazing NDepend tool designed to help you make your .NET code better, more beautiful and achieve high code quality. In other words, this tool will definitely help you harmonize your code. I mean, you’ve probably heard about Chaos Theory. Experienced developers and architects are already advocates of the programming chaos that happens when working with complex project architecture, the matrix of relationships between objects which simply even if you are the one who have written all that code, you know how hard is to visualize everything what does the code do. When the application get more and more complex, you will start missing a lot of details in your code… NDepend will help you visualize all the details on a clever way that will help you make smart moves to make your code better. The NDepend tool supports many features, such as: Code Query Language – which will help you write custom rules and query your own code! Imagine, you want to find all your methods which have more than 100 lines of code :)! That’s something simple! However, I will dig much deeper in one of my next blogs which I’m going to dedicate to the NDepend’s CQL (Code Query Language) Architecture Visualization – You are an architect and want to visualize your application’s architecture? I’m thinking how many architects will be really surprised from their architectures since NDepend shows your whole architecture showing each piece of it. NDepend will show you how your code is structured. It shows the architecture in graphs, but if you have very complex architecture, you can see it in Dependency Matrix which is more suited to display large architecture Code Metrics – Using NDepend’s panel, you can see the code base according to Code Metrics. You can do some additional filtering, like selecting the top code elements ordered by their current code metric value. You can use the CQL language for this purpose too. Smart Search – NDepend has great searching ability, which is again based on the CQL (Code Query Language). However, you have some options to search using dropdown lists and text boxes and it will generate the appropriate CQL code on fly. Moreover, you can modify the CQL code if you want it to fit some more advanced searching tasks. Compare Builds and Code Difference – NDepend will also help you compare previous versions of your code with the current one at one of the most clever ways I’ve seen till now. Create Custom Rules – using CQL you can create custom rules and let NDepend warn you on each build if you break a rule Reporting – NDepend can automatically generate reports with detailed stats, graph representation, dependency matrixes and some additional advanced reporting features that will simply explain you everything related to your application’s code, architecture and what you’ve done. And that’s not all. As I’ve seen, there are many other features that NDepend supports. I will dig more in the upcoming days and will blog more about it. The team who built the NDepend have also created good documentation, which you can find on the NDepend website. On their website, you can also find some good videos that will help you get started quite fast. It’s easy to install and what is very important it is fully integrated with Visual Studio. To get you started, you can watch the following Getting Started Online Demo and Tutorial with explanations and screenshots. If you are interested to know more about how to use the features of this tool, either visit their website or wait for my next blogs where I will show some real examples of using the tool and how it helps make your code better. And the last thing for this blog, I would like to copy one sentence from the NDepend’s home page which says: ‘Hence the software design becomes concrete, code reviews are effective, large refactoring are easy and evolution is mastered.’ Website: www.ndepend.com Getting Started: http://www.ndepend.com/GettingStarted.aspx Features: http://www.ndepend.com/Features.aspx Download: http://www.ndepend.com/NDependDownload.aspx Hope you like it! Please do let me know your feedback by providing comments to my blog post. Kind Regards, Hajan

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  • SQL Server IO handling mechanism can be severely affected by high CPU usage

    - by sqlworkshops
    Are you using SSD or SAN / NAS based storage solution and sporadically observe SQL Server experiencing high IO wait times or from time to time your DAS / HDD becomes very slow according to SQL Server statistics? Read on… I need your help to up vote my connect item – https://connect.microsoft.com/SQLServer/feedback/details/744650/sql-server-io-handling-mechanism-can-be-severely-affected-by-high-cpu-usage. Instead of taking few seconds, queries could take minutes/hours to complete when CPU is busy.In SQL Server when a query / request needs to read data that is not in data cache or when the request has to write to disk, like transaction log records, the request / task will queue up the IO operation and wait for it to complete (task in suspended state, this wait time is the resource wait time). When the IO operation is complete, the task will be queued to run on the CPU. If the CPU is busy executing other tasks, this task will wait (task in runnable state) until other tasks in the queue either complete or get suspended due to waits or exhaust their quantum of 4ms (this is the signal wait time, which along with resource wait time will increase the overall wait time). When the CPU becomes free, the task will finally be run on the CPU (task in running state).The signal wait time can be up to 4ms per runnable task, this is by design. So if a CPU has 5 runnable tasks in the queue, then this query after the resource becomes available might wait up to a maximum of 5 X 4ms = 20ms in the runnable state (normally less as other tasks might not use the full quantum).In case the CPU usage is high, let’s say many CPU intensive queries are running on the instance, there is a possibility that the IO operations that are completed at the Hardware and Operating System level are not yet processed by SQL Server, keeping the task in the resource wait state for longer than necessary. In case of an SSD, the IO operation might even complete in less than a millisecond, but it might take SQL Server 100s of milliseconds, for instance, to process the completed IO operation. For example, let’s say you have a user inserting 500 rows in individual transactions. When the transaction log is on an SSD or battery backed up controller that has write cache enabled, all of these inserts will complete in 100 to 200ms. With a CPU intensive parallel query executing across all CPU cores, the same inserts might take minutes to complete. WRITELOG wait time will be very high in this case (both under sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats and sys.dm_os_wait_stats). In addition you will notice a large number of WAITELOG waits since log records are written by LOG WRITER and hence very high signal_wait_time_ms leading to more query delays. However, Performance Monitor Counter, PhysicalDisk, Avg. Disk sec/Write will report very low latency times.Such delayed IO handling also occurs to read operations with artificially very high PAGEIOLATCH_SH wait time (with number of PAGEIOLATCH_SH waits remaining the same). This problem will manifest more and more as customers start using SSD based storage for SQL Server, since they drive the CPU usage to the limits with faster IOs. We have a few workarounds for specific scenarios, but we think Microsoft should resolve this issue at the product level. We have a connect item open – https://connect.microsoft.com/SQLServer/feedback/details/744650/sql-server-io-handling-mechanism-can-be-severely-affected-by-high-cpu-usage - (with example scripts) to reproduce this behavior, please up vote the item so the issue will be addressed by the SQL Server product team soon.Thanks for your help and best regards,Ramesh MeyyappanHome: www.sqlworkshops.comLinkedIn: http://at.linkedin.com/in/rmeyyappan

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  • SQL Server Optimizer Malfunction?

    - by Tony Davis
    There was a sharp intake of breath from the audience when Adam Machanic declared the SQL Server optimizer to be essentially "stuck in 1997". It was during his fascinating "Query Tuning Mastery: Manhandling Parallelism" session at the recent PASS SQL Summit. Paraphrasing somewhat, Adam (blog | @AdamMachanic) offered a convincing argument that the optimizer often delivers flawed plans based on assumptions that are no longer valid with today’s hardware. In 1997, when Microsoft engineers re-designed the database engine for SQL Server 7.0, SQL Server got its initial implementation of a cost-based optimizer. Up to SQL Server 2000, the developer often had to deploy a steady stream of hints in SQL statements to combat the occasionally wilful plan choices made by the optimizer. However, with each successive release, the optimizer has evolved and improved in its decision-making. It is still prone to the occasional stumble when we tackle difficult problems, join large numbers of tables, perform complex aggregations, and so on, but for most of us, most of the time, the optimizer purrs along efficiently in the background. Adam, however, challenged further any assumption that the current optimizer is competent at providing the most efficient plans for our more complex analytical queries, and in particular of offering up correctly parallelized plans. He painted a picture of a present where complex analytical queries have become ever more prevalent; where disk IO is ever faster so that reads from disk come into buffer cache faster than ever; where the improving RAM-to-data ratio means that we have a better chance of finding our data in cache. Most importantly, we have more CPUs at our disposal than ever before. To get these queries to perform, we not only need to have the right indexes, but also to be able to split the data up into subsets and spread its processing evenly across all these available CPUs. Improvements such as support for ColumnStore indexes are taking things in the right direction, but, unfortunately, deficiencies in the current Optimizer mean that SQL Server is yet to be able to exploit properly all those extra CPUs. Adam’s contention was that the current optimizer uses essentially the same costing model for many of its core operations as it did back in the days of SQL Server 7, based on assumptions that are no longer valid. One example he gave was a "slow disk" bias that may have been valid back in 1997 but certainly is not on modern disk systems. Essentially, the optimizer assesses the relative cost of serial versus parallel plans based on the assumption that there is no IO cost benefit from parallelization, only CPU. It assumes that a single request will saturate the IO channel, and so a query would not run any faster if we parallelized IO because the disk system simply wouldn’t be able to handle the extra pressure. As such, the optimizer often decides that a serial plan is lower cost, often in cases where a parallel plan would improve performance dramatically. It was challenging and thought provoking stuff, as were his techniques for driving parallelism through query logic based on subsets of rows that define the "grain" of the query. I highly recommend you catch the session if you missed it. I’m interested to hear though, when and how often people feel the force of the optimizer’s shortcomings. Barring mistakes, such as stale statistics, how often do you feel the Optimizer fails to find the plan you think it should, and what are the most common causes? Is it fighting to induce it toward parallelism? Combating unexpected plans, arising from table partitioning? Something altogether more prosaic? Cheers, Tony.

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  • Advanced Record-Level Business Intelligence with Inner Queries

    - by gt0084e1
    While business intelligence is generally applied at an aggregate level to large data sets, it's often useful to provide a more streamlined insight into an individual records or to be able to sort and rank them. For instance, a salesperson looking at a specific customer could benefit from basic stats on that account. A marketer trying to define an ideal customer could pull the top entries and look for insights or patterns. Inner queries let you do sophisticated analysis without the overhead of traditional BI or OLAP technologies like Analysis Services. Example - Order History Constancy Let's assume that management has realized that the best thing for our business is to have customers ordering every month. We'll need to identify and rank customers based on how consistently they buy and when their last purchase was so sales & marketing can respond accordingly. Our current application may not be able to provide this and adding an OLAP server like SSAS may be overkill for our needs. Luckily, SQL Server provides the ability to do relatively sophisticated analytics via inner queries. Here's the kind of output we'd like to see. Creating the Queries Before you create a view, you need to create the SQL query that does the calculations. Here we are calculating the total number of orders as well as the number of months since the last order. These fields might be very useful to sort by but may not be available in the app. This approach provides a very streamlined and high performance method of delivering actionable information without radically changing the application. It's also works very well with self-service reporting tools like Izenda. SELECT CustomerID,CompanyName, ( SELECT COUNT(OrderID) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID ) As Orders, DATEDIFF(mm, ( SELECT Max(OrderDate) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID) ,getdate() ) AS MonthsSinceLastOrder FROM Customers Creating Views To turn this or any query into a view, just put CREATE VIEW AS before it. If you want to change it use the statement ALTER VIEW AS. Creating Computed Columns If you'd prefer not to create a view, inner queries can also be applied by using computed columns. Place you SQL in the (Formula) field of the Computed Column Specification or check out this article here. Advanced Scoring and Ranking One of the best uses for this approach is to score leads based on multiple fields. For instance, you may be in a business where customers that don't order every month require more persistent follow up. You could devise a simple formula that shows the continuity of an account. If they ordered every month since their first order, they would be at 100 indicating that they have been ordering 100% of the time. Here's the query that would calculate that. It uses a few SQL tricks to make this happen. We are extracting the count of unique months and then dividing by the months since initial order. This query will give you the following information which can be used to help sales and marketing now where to focus. You could sort by this percentage to know where to start calling or to find patterns describing your best customers. Number of orders First Order Date Last Order Date Percentage of months order was placed since last order. SELECT CustomerID, (SELECT COUNT(OrderID) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID) As Orders, (SELECT Max(OrderDate) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID) AS LastOrder, (SELECT Min(OrderDate) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID) AS FirstOrder, DATEDIFF(mm,(SELECT Min(OrderDate) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID),getdate()) AS MonthsSinceFirstOrder, 100*(SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT 100*DATEPART(yy,OrderDate) + DATEPART(mm,OrderDate)) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID) / DATEDIFF(mm,(SELECT Min(OrderDate) FROM Orders WHERE Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID),getdate()) As OrderPercent FROM Customers

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