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• Retrieve a domain name based on an IP Address?

  - by Neil Kodner

  I'm reviewing some apache logs, specifically with respect to downloaded files. I'm interested in knowing, if possible, which domain is responsible for the download, given an IP address. I've given nslookup a try and it seems to (mostly) get the job done but it returns all sorts of extraneous information. Ideally, I pass in an IP and receive a domain back. Before I write a shell script to parse the output of nslookup to capture the domain, I'd like to know if this is the best way of approaching this problem, or if there is a more tried-and-true method of doing this. Specifically, I'd like to know if an address resolves to an amazonaws.com domain. I understand that this might be difficult because EC2 machines are dynamically created and destroyed - I'd like to know if the IP addresses for AWS/EC2/EMR machines fit any sort of addressing pattern.

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• Ubuntu One has high CPU usage but no syncing

  - by Peter

  over the weekend I updated my computer to Windows 8. So far Ubuntu One was running smoothly, but ever since the update (clean, new install) Ubuntu doesn't sync any more. In Windows 7 it would start to sync at full internet speed as soon as I drop a file. But now in Windows 8, as soon as I drop a new file into the Ubuntu One folder, CPU usage goes up to about 50 % and no network traffic occurs. This stays like that for a couple of minutes, CPU usage goes back to normal and then the client says that all is in sync - which isn't true. Is it too early for Windows 8? Do others have the same problem or is there something I can do about it? I try a couple of different things, and realized that if the file size is 20 MB the files get uploaded. The original file was 1.5 GB. I also didn't work with 200, 100 and 50 MB large files. But even with 20 MB large files, the upload is very slow and not steady. The log give plenty of this error: - twisted - ERROR - Failure: exceptions.TypeError About which I don't know the meaning. By the way, the account works just fine on the Ubuntu 12.04 partition. Any help is greatly appreciated. -Peter

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• cURL looking for CA in the wrong place

  - by andrewtweber

  On Redhat Linux, in a PHP script I am setting cURL options as such: curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, True); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO, '/home/andrew/share/cacert.pem'); Yet I am getting this exception when trying to send data (curl error: 77) error setting certificate verify locations: CAfile: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt CApath: none Why is it looking for the CAfile in /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt? I don't know where this folder is coming from as I don't set it anywhere. Shouldn't it be looking in the place I specified, /home/andrew/share/cacert.pem? I don't have write permission /etc/ so simply copying the file there is not an option. Am I missing some other curl option that I should be using? (This is on shared hosting - is it possible that it's disallowing me from setting a different path for the CAfile?)

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• Radiation from a UPS

  - by Erel Segal

  In our office, there are frequent eletric shortages that harm my desktop computer, so I wanted to install a UPS. However, my office-mates pointed me to papers talking about hazardous radiation from the UPS. The UPS manufacturers themselves recommend to put the UPS several meters away from humans, which is not possible because our office is small (the power is about 0.5 meters from us). As an alternative to UPS, my office-mates recommended that I switch to a laptop, which has a battery so it's immune to shortages. I have several questions: Is it true that the radiation from a laptop battery is lower than the radiation from a UPS? They do just the same thing - supply power using a battery! If the answer to 1 is yes - is there an alternative way to attach a battery, similar to a laptop battery, to a desktop computer? If the answer to 1 is no - how can I prove this to my office-mates, so that they let me use UPS?

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• Do objects maintain identity under all non-cloning conditions in PHP?

  - by Buttle Butkus

  PHP 5.5 I'm doing a bunch of passing around of objects with the assumption that they will all maintain their identities - that any changes made to their states from inside other objects' methods will continue to hold true afterwards. Am I assuming correctly? I will give my basic structure here. class builder { protected $foo_ids = array(); // set in construct protected $foo_collection; protected $bar_ids = array(); // set in construct protected $bar_collection; protected function initFoos() { $this->foo_collection = new FooCollection(); foreach($this->food_ids as $id) { $this->foo_collection->addFoo(new foo($id)); } } protected function initBars() { // same idea as initFoos } protected function wireFoosAndBars(fooCollection $foos, barCollection $bars) { // arguments are passed in using $this->foo_collection and $this->bar_collection foreach($foos as $foo_obj) { // (foo_collection implements IteratorAggregate) $bar_ids = $foo_obj->getAssociatedBarIds(); if(!empty($bar_ids) ) { $bar_collection = new barCollection(); // sub-collection to be a component of each foo foreach($bar_ids as $bar_id) { $bar_collection->addBar(new bar($bar_id)); } $foo_obj->addBarCollection($bar_collection); // now each foo_obj has a collection of bar objects, each of which is also in the main collection. Are they the same objects? } } } } What has me worried is that foreach supposedly works on a copy of its arrays. I want all the $foo and $bar objects to maintain their identities no matter which $collection object they become of a part of. Does that make sense?

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• Thunderbird keeps crashing Ubuntu 12.04 64 bit

  - by maurizio ribera d'alcala'

  I have been using Thunderbird for years under different versions of Ubuntu, including 12.04 since its release. From a couple of days it keeps crashing after a few seconds after start. I tried to reinstall it creating a new profile and copying the old mail, file by file. After one day of normal functioning it started again to crash. Mozilla is receiving the crash reports. Following is the content of the last one: Add-ons: [email protected]:15.0,[email protected]:0.3.11,[email protected]:0.9.3,[email protected]:3.4.1,[email protected]:15.0,[email protected]:0.5.1,{b4447f60-db9c-11da-a94d-0800200c9a66}:0.9.1,{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}:15.0 BuildID: 20120827103657 CrashTime: 1347200254 EMCheckCompatibility: true Email: [email protected] FramePoisonBase: 7ffffffff0dea000 FramePoisonSize: 4096 InstallTime: 1346431480 Notes: OpenGL: Tungsten Graphics, Inc -- Mesa DRI Intel(R) Sandybridge Mobile -- 3.0 Mesa 8.0.2 -- texture_from_pixmap ProductID: {3550f703-e582-4d05-9a08-453d09bdfdc6} ProductName: Thunderbird ReleaseChannel: release SecondsSinceLastCrash: 1109 StartupTime: 1347200242 Theme: classic/1.0 Throttleable: 1 Vendor: Version: 15.0 I started Thunderbird in safe mode and tested all the add-ons. Apparently is the 'Unity Launcher Integration' that creates the problem. I say apparently because I want two wait for two-three days to be sure TB returns to its regular functioning. Is this a bug? can it be solved

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• Layout Columns - Equal Height

  - by Kyle

  I remember first starting out using tables for layouts and learned that I should not be doing that. I am working on a new site and can not seem to do equal height columns without using tables. Here is an example of the attempt with div tags. <div class="row"> <div class="column">column1</div> <div class="column">column2</div> <div class="column">column3</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> </div> Now what I tried with that was doing making columns float left and setting their widths to 33% which works fine, I use the clear:both div so that the row would be the size of the biggest column, but the columns will be different sizes based on how much content they have. I have found many fixes which mostly involve css hacks and just making it look like its right but that's not what I want. I thought of just doing it in javascript but then it would look different for those who choose to disable their javascript. The only true way of doing it that I can think of is using tables since the cells all have equal heights in the same row. But I know its bad to use tables. After searching forever I than came across this: http://intangiblestyle.com/lab/equal-height-columns-with-css/ What it seems to do is exactly the same as tables since its just setting its display exactly like tables. Would using that be just as bad as using tables? I honestly can't find anything else that I could do. edit @Su' I have looked into "faux columns" and do not think that is what I want. I think I would be able to implement better designs for my site using the display:table method. I posted this question because I just wasn't sure if I should since I have always heard its bad using tables in website layouts.

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• Is there a canonical source supporting "all-surrogates"?

  - by user61852

  Background The "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach is not present in Codd's Relational Model or any SQL Standard (ANSI, ISO or other). Canonical books seems to elude this restrictions too. Oracle's own data dictionary scheme uses natural keys in some tables and surrogate keys in other tables. I mention this because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design. PPDM (Professional Petroleum Data Management Association) recommend the same canonical books do: Use surrogate keys as primary keys when: There are no natural or business keys Natural or business keys are bad ( change often ) The value of natural or business key is not known at the time of inserting record Multicolumn natural keys ( usually several FK ) exceed three columns, which makes joins too verbose. Also I have not found canonical source that says natural keys need to be immutable. All I find is that they need to be very estable, i.e need to be changed only in very rare ocassions, if ever. I mention PPDM because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design too. The origins of the "all-surrogates" approach seems to come from recommendations from some ORM frameworks. It's true that the approach allows for rapid database modeling by not having to do much business analysis, but at the expense of maintainability and readability of the SQL code. Much prevision is made for something that may or may not happen in the future ( the natural PK changed so we will have to use the RDBMS cascade update funtionality ) at the expense of day-to-day task like having to join more tables in every query and having to write code for importing data between databases, an otherwise very strightfoward procedure (due to the need to avoid PK colisions and having to create stage/equivalence tables beforehand ). Other argument is that indexes based on integers are faster, but that has to be supported with benchmarks. Obviously, long, varying varchars are not good for PK. But indexes based on short, fix-length varchar are almost as fast as integers. The questions - Is there any canonical source that supports the "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach ? - Has Codd's relational model been superceded by a newer relational model ?

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• this.BoundingBox.Intersects(Wall[0].BoundingBox) not working properly

  - by Pieter

  I seem to be having this problem a lot, I'm still learning XNA / C# and well, trying to make a classic paddle and ball game. The problem I run into (and after debugging have no answer) is that everytime I run my game and press either of the movement keys, the Paddle won't move. Debugging shows that it never gets to the movement part, but I can't understand why not? Here's my code: // This is the If statement for checking Left movement. if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left) || keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.A)) { if (!CheckCollision(walls[0])) { Location.X -= Velocity; } } //This is the CheckCollision(Wall wall) boolean public bool CheckCollision(Wall wall) { if (this.BoundingBox.Intersects(wall.BoundingBox)) { return true; } return false; } As far as I can tell there should be absolutely no problem with this, I initialize the bounding box in the constructor whenever a new instance of Walls and Paddle is created. this.BoundingBox = new Rectangle(0, 0, Sprite.Width, Sprite.Height); Any idea as to why this isn't working? I have previously succeeded with using the whole Location.X < Wall.Location.X + Wall.Texture.Width code... But to me that seems like too much coding if a simple boolean check could be done.

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• Is Oracle Database Appliance (ODA) A Best Kept Secret?

  - by Ravi.Sharma

  There is something about Oracle Database Appliance that underscores the tremendous value customers see in the product. Repeat purchases. When you buy “one” of something and come back to buy another, it confirms that the product met your expectations, you found good value in it, and perhaps you will continue to use it. But when you buy “one” and come back to buy many more on your very next purchase, it tells something else. It tells that you truly believe that you have found the best value out there. That you are convinced! That you are sold on the great idea and have discovered a product that far exceeds your expectations and delivers tremendous value! Many Oracle Database Appliance customers are such larger-volume-repeat-buyers. It is no surprise, that the product has a deeper penetration in many accounts where a customer made an initial purchase. The value proposition of Oracle Database Appliance is undeniably strong and extremely compelling. This is especially true for customers who are simply upgrading or “refreshing” their hardware (and reusing software licenses). For them, the ability to acquire world class, highly available database hardware along with leading edge management software and all of the automation is absolutely a steal. One customer DBA recently said, “Oracle Database Appliance is the best investment our company has ever made”. Such extreme statements do not come out of thin air. You have to experience it to believe it. Oracle Database Appliance is a low cost product. Not many sales managers may be knocking on your doors to sell it. But the great value it delivers to small and mid-size businesses and database implementations should not be underestimated. 

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• Using visitor pattern with large object hierarchy

  - by T. Fabre

  Context I've been using with a hierarchy of objects (an expression tree) a "pseudo" visitor pattern (pseudo, as in it does not use double dispatch) : public interface MyInterface { void Accept(SomeClass operationClass); } public class MyImpl : MyInterface { public void Accept(SomeClass operationClass) { operationClass.DoSomething(); operationClass.DoSomethingElse(); // ... and so on ... } } This design was, however questionnable, pretty comfortable since the number of implementations of MyInterface is significant (~50 or more) and I didn't need to add extra operations. Each implementation is unique (it's a different expression or operator), and some are composites (ie, operator nodes that will contain other operator/leaf nodes). Traversal is currently performed by calling the Accept operation on the root node of the tree, which in turns calls Accept on each of its child nodes, which in turn... and so on... But the time has come where I need to add a new operation, such as pretty printing : public class MyImpl : MyInterface { // Property does not come from MyInterface public string SomeProperty { get; set; } public void Accept(SomeClass operationClass) { operationClass.DoSomething(); operationClass.DoSomethingElse(); // ... and so on ... } public void Accept(SomePrettyPrinter printer) { printer.PrettyPrint(this.SomeProperty); } } I basically see two options : Keep the same design, adding a new method for my operation to each derived class, at the expense of maintainibility (not an option, IMHO) Use the "true" Visitor pattern, at the expense of extensibility (not an option, as I expect to have more implementations coming along the way...), with about 50+ overloads of the Visit method, each one matching a specific implementation ? Question Would you recommand using the Visitor pattern ? Is there any other pattern that could help solve this issue ?

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• How do I create a free server-side database to be accessed via Windows forms and/or browser?

  - by NoCatharsis

  I have no formal education in databasing or programming, but I've learned enough SQL, C++, and C# to at least get started setting up a small database on my company's server. Using MS SQL Server 2008 R2, I have created the database and set up columns with proper data types. However, there seems to be a lot of tweaks and details that are way over my head. Since I would like these data to be accessible to the other 7 or 8 people in my office (preferably via web browser), I'm wondering whether this is the best setup for my situation. The other option I've read about is a LAMPP server, which I assume is the competing free option to Microsoft's Express packages. I know nothing of LAMP servers except from the articles I've read on how to set them up (and I believe I even saw a detailed tutorial somewhere). To summarize, my question is this: Which of these (or any other) server setups would best suit my purposes, keeping in mind that I'm a true novice (but willing to learn), and would like to keep it free until I get more experience?

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• screen does not wake up after suspend/ brightness will not adjust

  - by Nathan

  My computer is one of these: http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16834230467 Asus Zenbook UX32A-DB51 Just bought it yesterday. Set to "suspend" when I close the lid, but when I open it up again I just get a black screen. Pressing the power button doesn't work, not does clicking the mouse or any key combination. The same is true if I leave the computer until it suspends. Black screen, no response, have to reboot. I also can't seem to adjust the brightness. I put "brightness up" and "brightness down" function keys in, and when I push them it shows the brightness level as going up and down on the meter, but the screen does not actually become more or less bright. I am totally new to all of this. Please tell me what additional information you need to help me and where I can find it. Thanks! Edit: Tried the following: sudo gedit /etc/default/grub Change the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" into GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_osi=Linux" sudo update-grub Restart your linux And "acpi_backlight=vendor" both to no avail.

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• How does datomic handle "corrections"?

  - by blueberryfields

  tl;dr Rich Hickey describes datomic as a system which implicitly deals with timestamps associated with data storage from my experience, data is often imperfectly stored in systems, and on many occasions needs to retroactively be corrected (ie, often the question of "was a True on Tuesday at 12:00pm?" will have an incorrect answer stored in the database) This seems like a spot where the abstractions behind datomic might break - do they? If they don't, how does the system handle such corrections? Rich Hickey, in several of his talks, justifies the creation of datomic, and explains its benefits. His work, if I understand correctly, is motivated by core the insight that humans, when speaking about data and facts, implicitly associate some of the related context into their work(a date-time). By pushing the work required to manage the implicit date-time component of context into the database, he's created a system which is both much easier to understand, and much easier to program. This turns out to be relevant to most database programmers in practice - his work saves everyone a lot of time managing complex, hard to produce/debug/fix, time queries. However, especially in large databases, data is often damaged/incorrect (maybe it was not input correctly, maybe it eroded over time, etc...). While most database updates are insertions of new facts, and should indeed be treated that way, a non-trivial subset of the work required to manage time-queries has to do with retroactive updates. I have yet to see any documentation which explains how such corrections, or retroactive updates, are handled by datomic; from my experience, they are a non-trivial (and incredibly difficult to deal with) subset of time-related data manipulation that database programmers are faced with. Does datomic gracefully handle such updates? If so, how?

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• How to Structure a Trinary state in DB and Application

  - by ABMagil

  How should I structure, in the DB especially, but also in the application, a trinary state? For instance, I have user feedback records which need to be reviewed before they are presented to the general public. This means a feedback reviewer must see the unreviewed feedback, then approve or reject them. I can think of a couple ways to represent this: Two boolean flags: Seen/Unseen and Approved/Rejected. This is the simplest and probably the smallest database solution (presumably boolean fields are simple bits). The downside is that there are really only three states I care about (unseen/approved/rejected) and this creates four states, including one I don't care about (a record which is seen but not approved or rejected is essentially unseen). String column in the DB with constants/enum in application. Using Rating::APPROVED_STATE within the application and letting it equal whatever it wants in the DB. This is a larger column in the db and I'm concerned about doing string comparisons whenever I need these records. Perhaps mitigatable with an index? Single boolean column, but allow nulls. A true is approved, a false is rejected. A null is unseen. Not sure the pros/cons of this solution. What are the rules I should use to guide my choice? I'm already thinking in terms of DB size and the cost of finding records based on state, as well as the readability of code the ends up using this structure.

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• The Start of a Blog

  - by dbradley

  So, here's my new blog up and running, who am I and what am I planning to write here?First off - here's a little about me:I'm a recent graduate from university (coming up to a year ago since I finished) studying Software Engineering on a four year course where the third year was an industrial placement. During the industrial placement I went to work for a company called Adfero in a "Technical Consultant" role as well as a junior "Information Systems Developer". Once I completed my placement I went back to complete my final year but also continued in my developer role 2/3 days a week with the company.Working part time while at uni always seems like a great idea until you get half way through the year. For me the problem was not so much having a lack of time, but rather a lack of interest in the course content having got a chance at working on real projects in a live environment. Most people who have been graduated a little while also find this - when looking back at uni work, it seem to be much more trivial from a problem solving point of view which I found to be true and I found key to uni work to actually be your ability to prove though how you talk about something that you comprehensively understand the basics.After completing uni I then returned full time to Adfero purely in the developer role which is where I've now been for almost a year and have now also taken on the title of "Information Systems Architect" where I'm working on some of the more high level design problems within the products.What I'm wanting to share on this blog is some of the interesting things I've learnt myself over the last year, the things they don't teach you in uni and pretty much anything else I find interesting! My personal favorite areas are text indexing, search and particularly good software engineering design - good design combined with good code makes the first step towards a well-written, maintainable piece of software.Hopefully I'll also be able to share a few of the products I've worked on, the mistake I've made and the software problems I've inherited from previous developers and had to heavily re-factor.

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• Building a complete program?

  - by Bob

  Reading books, watching videos, and reviewing tutorials is all very easy. Taking notes and actually learning the material may be slightly harder, but even then, anyone with a decent brain and a fair amount of interest, it's easy enough (not to mention, fun). The thing is, it doesn't really prepare you to write a full program or website. Let's say you're those teens (only in highschool, no true (college level) computer science or programming courses, and no real world experience), and you come out with Groupon. Or even Mark Zuckerburg, sure he was a genius, and he was a very capable programmer... but how? How do you recommend that people who are not necessarily new to programming, but new to programming real applications and real programmers go about developing it? What is the "development process" - especially for single programmers (or maybe 2-3 teens)? Also, as far as web development goes, what is the process? Was something like Facebook or Groupon written with a framework (like CodeIgniter or Zend for PHP)? Or do they develop their own frameworks? I'm not asking how to come up with a great idea, but how to implement great ideas in an effective way? Does anyone have advice? I've read a couple of books on both C and C++ (primarily the C Programming Language and the C++ Programming Language) and taken AP Computer Science (as well as read a few additional books on Java and OOP). I also have read a few tutorials on PHP (and CodeIgniter) and Python. But I'm still in highschool, and I'm technically not even old enough to work at an internship for a few more months.

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• Java enum pairs / "subenum" or what exactly?

  - by vemalsar

  I have an RPG-style Item class and I stored the type of the item in enum (itemType.sword). I want to store subtype too (itemSubtype.long), but I want to express the relation between two data type (sword can be long, short etc. but shield can't be long or short, only round, tower etc). I know this is wrong source code but similar what I want: enum type { sword; } //not valid code! enum swordSubtype extends type.sword { short, long } Question: How can I define this connection between two data type (or more exactly: two value of the data types), what is the most simple and standard way? Array-like data with all valid (itemType,itemSubtype) enum pairs or (itemType,itemSubtype[]) so more subtype for one type, it would be the best. OK but how can I construct this simplest way? Special enum with "subenum" set or second level enum or anything else if it does exists 2 dimensional "canBePairs" array, itemType and itemSubtype dimensions with all type and subtype and boolean elements, "true" means itemType (first dimension) and itemSubtype (second dimension) are okay, "false" means not okay Other better idea Thank you very much!

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• What is the default value for Empty Temporary Internet Files when browser is closed in IE8?

  - by schellack

  We have four different machines that all have "Empty Temporary Internet Files when browser is closed" set to true (checked) in IE8's Internet Options (located under the Security section in the Advanced tab). No one remembers checking that checkbox to turn on the setting. What is the default value supposed to be? I'm specifically interested in Windows 7 and Windows XP. I have run rsop.msc on one of the corporate machines—3 of the 4 are members of a corporate network/domain—and see this under User Configuration, which makes the current scenario seem even stranger: The Local Group Policy Editor (gpedit.msc) also shows the Configure Delete Browsing History on exit setting to be Not configured (under Computer ConfigurationAdministrative TemplatesWindows ComponentsInternet ExplorerDelete Browsing History).

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• Powershell if statement not working - help!

  - by Dmart

  I have a batch file that takes a computer name as its argument and will install Java JRE on it remotely. Now, Im trying to run this Powershell script to repeatedly call the batch file and install Java on any system that it finds without the latest version. It seems to run error-free, but the statements inside the if code block never seem to run - even when the if conditional test evaluates to true. Can anyone look at this script and point out what I'm possibly missing? I'm using the Quest AD cmdlets, and BSOnPosh module. Thank you. get-qadcomputer -sizelimit 0 -name mypc* -searchroot 'OU=MyComputers,DC=MyDomain,DC=lcl'| test-host -property name |ForEach-Object -process { $targnm = $_.name $tststr=reg query "\\$targnm\HKLM\SOFTWARE\JavaSoft\Java Runtime Environment" /v Java6FamilyVersion if(-not ($tststr | select-string -SimpleMatch '1.6.0_20')) { $mssg="Updating to JRE 6u20 on $targnm" Out-Host $mssg Out-File -filepath c:\install_jre_log.txt -inputobject $mssg -Append cmd /c \\server\apps\java\installjreremote.cmd $targnm } else { $mssg ="JRE 6u20 found on $targnm" Out-Host $mssg Out-File -filepath c:\install_jre_log.txt -inputobject $mssg -Append } }

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• mRemote and RoyalTS both are not able to RDP connect me to a Windows Server 2008 system?

  - by djangofan

  I am completely stuck on this one. If I start a RDP session independently of these 2 programs everything works fine. My RDP session connects, I click "OK" to accept the "Notice To Users" security message and then it shows me the login screen where I enter my password manually. Now, if I try to use either mRemote or RoyalTS to create this connection, I get the same behavior except that I get a "The user name or password is incorrect." message. Now, I know this cannot be true since I can manually connect with RDP. So, what is the problem with these 2 pieces of software that prevents me from logging in? I have no problems with connecting to Windows XP systems with these programs. Additionally, I wish I knew how to get one of these programs to automatically click the "OK" button on the "Notice To Users" message while automatically attempting to log me in as part of the login process. Can they do that?

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• two-part dice pool mechanic

  - by bythenumbers

  I'm working on a dice mechanic/resolution system based off of the Ghost/Echo (hereafter shortened to G/E) tabletop RPG. Specifically, since G/E can be a little harsh with dealing out consequences and failure, I was hoping to soften the system and add a little more player control, as well as offer the chance for players to evolve their characters into something unique, right from creation. So, here's the mechanic: Players roll 2d12 against the two statistics for their character (each is a number from 2-11, and may be rolled above or below depending on the nature of the action attempted, rolling your stat exactly always fails). Depending on the success for that roll, they add dice to the pool rolled for a modified G/E style action. The acting player gets two dice anyhow, and I am debating offering a bonus die for each success, or a single bonus die for succeeding on both of the statistic-compared rolls. One the size of the dice pool is set, the entire pool is rolled, and the players are allowed to assign rolled dice to a goal and a danger. Assigned results are judged as follows: 1-4 means the attempted goal fails, or the danger comes true. 5-8 is a partial success at the goal, or partially avoiding the danger. 9-12 means the goal is achieved, or the danger avoided. My concerns are twofold: Firstly, that the two-stage action is too complicated, with two rolls to judge separately before anything can happen. Secondly, that the statistics involved go too far in softening the game. I've run some basic simulations, and the approximate statistics follow: 2 dice (up to) 3 dice (up to) 4 dice failure ~33% ~25% ~20% partial ~33% ~35% ~35% success ~33% ~40% ~45% I'd appreciate any advice that addresses my concerns or offers to refine my simulation (right now the first roll is statistically modeled as sign(1d12-1d12), where 0 is a success).

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• Do I need to have a company so that I can buy an SSL certificate that will display green at the address bar?

  - by André Pena

  I have a non-comercial website in which the users store some sensitive information so I feel the need to have a SSL certificate, but it seems that if I don't have a registered company I can't buy a green certificate. I have some related questions: Is it true that if I don't have a company, I can't have a green certificate? If I issue a standard (non-business) certificate that won't go green (from GoDadday, for instance), will it go red? Or will it have a less ugly display.. something more neutral that won't scary the user.

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• Modern OpenGL context failure [migrated]

  - by user209347

  OK, I managed to create an OpenGL context with wglcreatecontextattribARB with version 3.2 in my attrib struct (So I have initialized a 3.2 opengl context). It works, but the strange thing is, when I use glBindBuffer e,g. I still get unreferenced linker error, shouldn't a newer context prevent this? I'm on windows BTW, Linux doesn't have to deal with older and newer contexts (it directly supports the core of its version). The code: PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd; HGLRC tmpRC; int iFormat; if (!(hDC = GetDC(hWnd))) { CMsgBox("Unable to create a device context. Program will now close.", "Error"); return false; } ZeroMemory(&pfd, sizeof(pfd)); pfd.nSize = sizeof(pfd); pfd.nVersion = 1; pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER; pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA; pfd.cColorBits = attribs->colorbits; pfd.cDepthBits = attribs->depthbits; pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE; if (!(iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(hDC, &pfd))) { CMsgBox("Unable to find a suitable pixel format. Program will now close.", "Error"); return false; } if (!SetPixelFormat(hDC, iFormat, &pfd)) { CMsgBox("Unable to initialize the pixel formats. Program will now close.", "Error"); return false; } if (!(tmpRC=wglCreateContext(hDC))) { CMsgBox("Unable to create a rendering context. Program will now close.", "Error"); return false; } if (!wglMakeCurrent(hDC, tmpRC)) { CMsgBox("Unable to activate the rendering context. Program will now close.", "Error"); return false; } strncpy(vers, (char*)glGetString(GL_VERSION), 3); vers[3] = '\0'; if (sscanf(vers, "%i.%i", &glv, &glsubv) != 2) { CMsgBox("Unable to retrieve the OpenGL version. Program will now close.", "Error"); return false; } hRC = NULL; if (glv > 2) // Have OpenGL 3.+ support { if ((wglCreateContextAttribsARB = (PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC)wglGetProcAddress("wglCreateContextAttribsARB"))) { int attribs[] = {WGL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB, glv, WGL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB, glsubv,WGL_CONTEXT_FLAGS_ARB, 0,0}; hRC = wglCreateContextAttribsARB(hDC, 0, attribs); wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL); wglDeleteContext(tmpRC); if (!wglMakeCurrent(hDC, hRC)) { CMsgBox("Unable to activate the rendering context. Program will now close.", "Error"); return false; } moderncontext = true; } } if (hRC == NULL) { hRC = tmpRC; moderncontext = false; }

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• Will I have internet connection issues next day, if I unplug router at night?

  - by headskracher77

  I did this regularly a few years ago and used to feel like I was 'being punished' by the Interent svc provider for disabling access to my computer, because trying to re-connect the next day became a constant pain. I have the same linksys router, a comcast modem, and hi-speed broadband through their LAN. Question: who or what is at fault for lousy internet connections, slow connections, or no connections: (everybody's tech dept. blames everybody else) The router? 10 year olds, maybe obsolete? The modem? came with the service plan - can connect three devices on a sharedconnection. The ISP: I read they not only even control and completely regulate bandwidth usage, but they also ration it!! (true?) So can I safely 'pull the plug' each night for security or not? thnx

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