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• SQL Server in Virtual platform - keep a close watch on physical server's configuration

  - by ssqa.net

  Server consolidation & virtualization is a hot topic and also it is one of the biggest concerns for many DBAs is scalability/performance when it comes to virtualization. At this point,performance for virtual machines can be close to, if not the same as, many physical server configurations.... read more ....(read more)

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• SQL SERVER – Thinking about Deprecated, Discontinued Features and Breaking Changes while Upgrading to SQL Server 2012 – Guest Post by Nakul Vachhrajani

  - by pinaldave

  Nakul Vachhrajani is a Technical Specialist and systems development professional with iGATE having a total IT experience of more than 7 years. Nakul is an active blogger with BeyondRelational.com (150+ blogs), and can also be found on forums at SQLServerCentral and BeyondRelational.com. Nakul has also been a guest columnist for SQLAuthority.com and SQLServerCentral.com. Nakul presented a webcast on the “Underappreciated Features of Microsoft SQL Server” at the Microsoft Virtual Tech Days Exclusive Webcast series (May 02-06, 2011) on May 06, 2011. He is also the author of a research paper on Database upgrade methodologies, which was published in a CSI journal, published nationwide. In addition to his passion about SQL Server, Nakul also contributes to the academia out of personal interest. He visits various colleges and universities as an external faculty to judge project activities being carried out by the students. Disclaimer: The opinions expressed herein are his own personal opinions and do not represent his employer’s view in anyway. Blog | LinkedIn | Twitter | Google+ Let us hear the thoughts of Nakul in first person - Those who have been following my blogs would be aware that I am recently running a series on the database engine features that have been deprecated in Microsoft SQL Server 2012. Based on the response that I have received, I was quite surprised to know that most of the audience found these to be breaking changes, when in fact, they were not! It was then that I decided to write a little piece on how to plan your database upgrade such that it works with the next version of Microsoft SQL Server. Please note that the recommendations made in this article are high-level markers and are intended to help you think over the specific steps that you would need to take to upgrade your database. Refer the documentation – Understand the terms Change is the only constant in this world. Therefore, whenever customer requirements, newer architectures and designs require software vendors to make a change to the keywords, functions, etc; they ensure that they provide their end users sufficient time to migrate over to the new standards before dropping off the old ones. Microsoft does that too with it’s Microsoft SQL Server product. Whenever a new SQL Server release is announced, it comes with a list of the following features: Breaking changes These are changes that would break your currently running applications, scripts or functionalities that are based on earlier version of Microsoft SQL Server These are mostly features whose behavior has been changed keeping in mind the newer architectures and designs Lesson: These are the changes that you need to be most worried about! Discontinued features These features are no longer available in the associated version of Microsoft SQL Server These features used to be “deprecated” in the prior release Lesson: Without these changes, your database would not be compliant/may not work with the version of Microsoft SQL Server under consideration Deprecated features These features are those that are still available in the current version of Microsoft SQL Server, but are scheduled for removal in a future version. These may be removed in either the next version or any other future version of Microsoft SQL Server The features listed for deprecation will compose the list of discontinued features in the next version of SQL Server Lesson: Plan to make necessary changes required to remove/replace usage of the deprecated features with the latest recommended replacements Once a feature appears on the list, it moves from bottom to the top, i.e. it is first marked as “Deprecated” and then “Discontinued”. We know of “Breaking change” comes later on in the product life cycle. What this means is that if you want to know what features would not work with SQL Server 2012 (and you are currently using SQL Server 2008 R2), you need to refer the list of breaking changes and discontinued features in SQL Server 2012. Use the tools! There are a lot of tools and technologies around us, but it is rarely that I find teams using these tools religiously and to the best of their potential. Below are the top two tools, from Microsoft, that I use every time I plan a database upgrade. The SQL Server Upgrade Advisor Ever since SQL Server 2005 was announced, Microsoft provides a small, very light-weight tool called the “SQL Server upgrade advisor”. The upgrade advisor analyzes installed components from earlier versions of SQL Server, and then generates a report that identifies issues to fix either before or after you upgrade. The analysis examines objects that can be accessed, such as scripts, stored procedures, triggers, and trace files. Upgrade Advisor cannot analyze desktop applications or encrypted stored procedures. Refer the links towards the end of the post to know how to get the Upgrade Advisor. The SQL Server Profiler Another great tool that you can use is the one most SQL Server developers & administrators use often – the SQL Server profiler. SQL Server Profiler provides functionality to monitor the “Deprecation” event, which contains: Deprecation announcement – equivalent to features to be deprecated in a future release of SQL Server Deprecation final support – equivalent to features to be deprecated in the next release of SQL Server You can learn more using the links towards the end of the post. A basic checklist There are a lot of finer points that need to be taken care of when upgrading your database. But, it would be worth-while to identify a few basic steps in order to make your database compliant with the next version of SQL Server: Monitor the current application workload (on a test bed) via the Profiler in order to identify usage of features marked as Deprecated If none appear, you are all set! (This almost never happens) Note down all the offending queries and feature usages Run analysis sessions using the SQL Server upgrade advisor on your database Based on the inputs from the analysis report and Profiler trace sessions, Incorporate solutions for the breaking changes first Next, incorporate solutions for the discontinued features Revisit and document the upgrade strategy for your deployment scenarios Revisit the fall-back, i.e. rollback strategies in case the upgrades fail Because some programming changes are dependent upon the SQL server version, this may need to be done in consultation with the development teams Before any other enhancements are incorporated by the development team, send out the database changes into QA QA strategy should involve a comparison between an environment running the old version of SQL Server against the new one Because minimal application changes have gone in (essential changes for SQL Server version compliance only), this would be possible As an ongoing activity, keep incorporating changes recommended as per the deprecated features list As a DBA, update your coding standards to ensure that the developers are using ANSI compliant code – this code will require a change only if the ANSI standard changes Remember this: Change management is a continuous process. Keep revisiting the product release notes and incorporate recommended changes to stay prepared for the next release of SQL Server. May the power of SQL Server be with you! Links Referenced in this post Breaking changes in SQL Server 2012: Link Discontinued features in SQL Server 2012: Link Get the upgrade advisor from the Microsoft Download Center at: Link Upgrade Advisor page on MSDN: Link Profiler: Review T-SQL code to identify objects no longer supported by Microsoft: Link Upgrading to SQL Server 2012 by Vinod Kumar: Link Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Upgrade

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• SQL SERVER – Iridium I/O – SQL Server Deduplication that Shrinks Databases and Improves Performance

  - by Pinal Dave

  Database performance is a common problem for SQL Server DBA’s.  It seems like we spend more time on performance than just about anything else.  In many cases, we use scripts or tools that point out performance bottlenecks but we don’t have any way to fix them.  For example, what do you do when you need to speed up a query that is already tuned as well as possible?  Or what do you do when you aren’t allowed to make changes for a database supporting a purchased application? Iridium I/O for SQL Server was originally built at Confio software (makers of Ignite) because DBA’s kept asking for a way to actually fix performance instead of just pointing out performance problems. The technology is certified by Microsoft and was so promising that it was spun out into a separate company that is now run by the Confio Founder/CEO and technology management team. Iridium uses deduplication technology to both shrink the databases as well as boost IO performance.  It is intriguing to see it work.  It will deduplicate a live database as it is running transactions.  You can watch the database get smaller while user queries are running. Iridium is a simple tool to use. After installing the software, you click an “Analyze” button which will spend a minute or two on each database and estimate both your storage and performance savings.  Next, you click an “Activate” button to turn on Iridium I/O for your selected databases.  You don’t need to reboot the operating system or restart the database during any part of the process. As part of my test, I also wanted to see if there would be an impact on my databases when Iridium was removed.  The ‘revert’ process (bringing the files back to their SQL Server native format) was executed by a simple click of a button, and completed while the databases were available for normal processing. I was impressed and enjoyed playing with the software and encourage all of you to try it out.  Here is the link to the website to download Iridium for free. . Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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• An XEvent a Day (23 of 31) – How it Works – Multiple Transaction Log Files

  - by Jonathan Kehayias

  While working on yesterday’s blog post The Future – fn_dblog() No More? Tracking Transaction Log Activity in Denali I did a quick Google search to find a specific blog post by Paul Randal to use it as a reference, and in the results returned another blog post titled, Investigating Multiple Transaction Log Files in SQL Server caught my eye so I opened it in a new tab in IE and went about finishing the blog post.  It probably wouldn’t have gotten my attention if it hadn’t been on the SqlServerPedia...(read more)

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• An XEvent a Day (25 of 31) – The Twelve Days of Christmas

  - by Jonathan Kehayias

  In the spirit of today’s holiday, a couple of people have been posting SQL related renditions of holiday songs.  Tim Mitchell posted his 12 days of SQL Christmas , and Paul Randal and Kimberly Tripp went as far as to record themselves sing SQL Carols on their blog post Our Christmas Gift To You: Paul and Kimberly Singing!   For today’s post on Extended Events I give you the 12 days of Christmas, Extended Events style (all of these are based on true facts about Extended Events in SQL Server)....(read more)

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• SQL Server PowerShell Provider And PowerShell Version 2 Get-Command Issue

  - by BuckWoody

  The other day I blogged that the version of the SQL Server PowerShell provider (sqlps) follows the version of PowerShell. That’s all goodness, but it has appeared to cause an issue for PowerShell 2.0. the Get-Command PowerShell command-let returns an error (Object reference not set to an instance of an object) if you are using PowerShell 2.0 and sqlps – it’s a known bug, and I’m happy to report that it is fixed in SP2 for SQL Server 2008 – something that will released soon. You can read more about this issue here: http://connect.microsoft.com/SQLServer/feedback/details/484732/sqlps-and-powershell-v2-issues Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• MS Server 2008 R2: DNS Redirection on second server for website

  - by Alain

  We have a website on a secondary server that we want this website to be accessible from Internet, with www.mywebsite.com. In the domain name provider of www.mywebsite.com, we set our 2 dns names, dns1.company.ch, dns2.company.ch and our static ip address. System is set as following: MS Server 2008 R2 N°1: Main server, in AD With IP 192.168.1.100 With DNS zone dns1.company.ch With DNS secondary zone from server N°2: dns2.company.ch With DNS secondary zone from server N°2: mywebsite.com (zone transfer is on) MS Server 2008 R2 N°2: Secondary server, not in AD With IP 192.168.1.101 With DNS zone dns2.company.ch With DNS zone mywebsite.com with host: 192.168.1.101 With the website under ISS with bindings www.mywebsite.com:80, mywebsite.com:80 All traffics for ports 80 (http) and 53 (dns) from Internet goes to server N°1. How can we redirect all traffics for www.mywebsite.com from Internet to our secondary server so the corresponding website can be displayed in Internet ? Note: Under DNS of server N°1, we tried to use also a conditional redirector mywebsite.com (192.168.0.101), but it was working only for intranet. Thank you, Alain

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• Can't connect to sql server 2008 named instance

  - by hcsrpm

  I have sql server 2005 and 2008 running on a server on my local (and very straightforward) network. Using sql management studio 2008 and visual studio 2008, I can connect over the network to the 2005 instance which is the default instance. I can't connect to the 08 instance (named MC08). I can connect to both when logged in to the server. Remote connections have been enabled for MC08 and dynamic ports is turned off (assigned to port 1045). The sql browser service is running as well. This used to work so I'm not sure what has changed. I can't connect using the IP address either. Nothing unusual in the event log either. Any ideas?

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• Baseline / Benchmark Physical and virtual server performance

  - by EyeonTech

  I am setting up a new server and there are some options. I want to perform some benchmarks and I need your help in determining the best tools and if possible run pre-configured benchmarks designed for SQL servers on Windows Server 2008/2012. Step 1. Run a performance monitor on the current Live SQL server (Windows Server 2008 Virtual machine running on ESXi. New server Hardware rundown: Intel® Server System R1304BTLSHBN - 1U Rack, LGA1155 http://ark.intel.com/products/53559/Intel-Server-System-R1304BTLSHBN Intel Xeon E3-1270V2 2x Intel SSD 330 Series 240GB 2.5in SATA 6Gb/s 25nm 1x WD 2TB WD2002FAEX 2TB 64M SATA3 CAVIAR BLACK 4x 8GB 1333MHz DDR3 ECC CL9 DIMM There are several options for configurations and I want to benchmark some of them and share the results. Option 1. Configure 2x SSDs at RAID 0. Install Windows Server 2008 directly to the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Store Database files on the RAID 0 Volume. Benchmark the OS direct on the hardware as an SQL Server. Store SQL Backup databases on the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Option 2. Configure 2x SSDs at RAID 0. Install Windows Server 2012 directly to the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Install Hyper-V. Install the SQL Server (Server 2008) as a virtual machine. Store the Virtual Hard Disks on the SSDs. Option 3. Configure 2x SSDs at RAID 0. Install VMWare ESXi on a partition of the 2TB WD Caviar HDD. Install the SQL Server (Server 2008) as a virtual machine. Store the Virtual Hard Disks on the SSDs. I have a few tools in mind from http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc768530(v=bts.10).aspx. Any tools with pre-configured test would be fantastic. Specifically if there are pre-configured perfmon sets avaliable. Any opinions on the setup to gain the best results is welcome. Thanks in advance.

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• Error Handling in T-SQL Scalar Function

  - by hydroparadise

  Ok.. this question could easily take multiple paths, so I will hit the more specific path first. While working with SQL Server 2005, I'm trying to create a scalar funtion that acts as a 'TryCast' from varchar to int. Where I encounter a problem is when I add a TRY block in the function; CREATE FUNCTION u_TryCastInt ( @Value as VARCHAR(MAX) ) RETURNS Int AS BEGIN DECLARE @Output AS Int BEGIN TRY SET @Output = CONVERT(Int, @Value) END TRY BEGIN CATCH SET @Output = 0 END CATCH RETURN @Output END Turns out theres all sorts of things wrong with this statement including "Invalid use of side-effecting or time-dependent operator in 'BEGIN TRY' within a function" and "Invalid use of side-effecting or time-dependent operator in 'END TRY' within a function". I can't seem to find any examples of using try statements within a scalar function, which got me thinking, is error handling in a function is possible? The goal here is to make a robust version of the Convert or Cast functions to allow a SELECT statement carry through depsite conversion errors. For example, take the following; CREATE TABLE tblTest ( f1 VARCHAR(50) ) GO INSERT INTO tblTest(f1) VALUES('1') INSERT INTO tblTest(f1) VALUES('2') INSERT INTO tblTest(f1) VALUES('3') INSERT INTO tblTest(f1) VALUES('f') INSERT INTO tblTest(f1) VALUES('5') INSERT INTO tblTest(f1) VALUES('1.1') SELECT CONVERT(int,f1) AS f1_num FROM tblTest DROP TABLE tblTest It never reaches point of dropping the table because the execution gets hung on trying to convert 'f' to an integer. I want to be able to do something like this; SELECT u_TryCastInt(f1) AS f1_num FROM tblTest fi_num __________ 1 2 3 0 5 0 Any thoughts on this? Is there anything that exists that handles this? Also, I would like to try and expand the conversation to support SQL Server 2000 since Try blocks are not an option in that scenario. Thanks in advance.

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• How to configure replication? - This database is not enabled for publication.

  - by truthseeker

  Hi, I'm trying to configure repication on SQL Server 2005. I can done it using wizard. But when I'm trying to run generated scripts by this wizard the error message appears: Msg 14013, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_MSrepl_addpublication, Line 159 This database is not enabled for publication. Msg 18757, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_MSrepl_addpublication_snapshot, Line 66 Unable to execute procedure. The database is not published. Execute the procedure in a database that is published for replication. Msg 14013, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_MSrepl_addarticle, Line 168 This database is not enabled for publication. Msg 14294, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_verify_job_identifiers, Line 25 Supply either @job_id or @job_name to identify the job. It's a bit strange, because when I'm running this query on database where I clicked and then removed publication, everyting is going well. The problem is when I'm using my query on new database. What is more I'm using sp_replicationdboption stored procedure. When I'm tryin to run it, it says: The replication option 'publish' of database 'ReplicationTest00' has already been set to true. Please help me resolve this issue.

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• How to check for mutual existence of Fields in same table in Two columns

  - by ranabra

  I tried using "Exist" and "IN". Not only did I not succeed, it didn't seem as an efficient solution. Here is a simplified example: TblMyTable WorkerUserName  -  WorkerDegree  -  ManagerUserName  -  ManagerDegree I need a query where there is a mutual connection / existence. What I mean is only where the worker, ex. "John" has a manager named "Mary", and where Mary the manager has a worker named "John". John the worker can have several managers and Mary the manager can have several workers. So the result will be (the order doesn't matter) ideally in one line: John - BSc  --  Mary - M.A. or Mary - M.A.  --  John - BSc The punchline is it's only one table. it is not really managers and workers, this is just a simplification of the situation. In the real situation both are equal, in a Table of names of users working with other users. Database is SQL 2005. Many thanx in advance  

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• Does query plan optimizer works well with joined/filtered table-valued functions?

  - by smoothdeveloper

  In SQLSERVER 2005, I'm using table-valued function as a convenient way to perform arbitrary aggregation on subset data from large table (passing date range or such parameters). I'm using theses inside larger queries as joined computations and I'm wondering if the query plan optimizer work well with them in every condition or if I'm better to unnest such computation in my larger queries. Does query plan optimizer unnest table-valued functions if it make sense? If it doesn't, what do you recommend to avoid code duplication that would occur by manually unnesting them? If it does, how do you identify that from the execution plan? code sample: create table dbo.customers ( [key] uniqueidentifier , constraint pk_dbo_customers primary key ([key]) ) go /* assume large amount of data */ create table dbo.point_of_sales ( [key] uniqueidentifier , customer_key uniqueidentifier , constraint pk_dbo_point_of_sales primary key ([key]) ) go create table dbo.product_ranges ( [key] uniqueidentifier , constraint pk_dbo_product_ranges primary key ([key]) ) go create table dbo.products ( [key] uniqueidentifier , product_range_key uniqueidentifier , release_date datetime , constraint pk_dbo_products primary key ([key]) , constraint fk_dbo_products_product_range_key foreign key (product_range_key) references dbo.product_ranges ([key]) ) go . /* assume large amount of data */ create table dbo.sales_history ( [key] uniqueidentifier , product_key uniqueidentifier , point_of_sale_key uniqueidentifier , accounting_date datetime , amount money , quantity int , constraint pk_dbo_sales_history primary key ([key]) , constraint fk_dbo_sales_history_product_key foreign key (product_key) references dbo.products ([key]) , constraint fk_dbo_sales_history_point_of_sale_key foreign key (point_of_sale_key) references dbo.point_of_sales ([key]) ) go create function dbo.f_sales_history_..snip.._date_range ( @accountingdatelowerbound datetime, @accountingdateupperbound datetime ) returns table as return ( select pos.customer_key , sh.product_key , sum(sh.amount) amount , sum(sh.quantity) quantity from dbo.point_of_sales pos inner join dbo.sales_history sh on sh.point_of_sale_key = pos.[key] where sh.accounting_date between @accountingdatelowerbound and @accountingdateupperbound group by pos.customer_key , sh.product_key ) go -- TODO: insert some data -- this is a table containing a selection of product ranges declare @selectedproductranges table([key] uniqueidentifier) -- this is a table containing a selection of customers declare @selectedcustomers table([key] uniqueidentifier) declare @low datetime , @up datetime -- TODO: set top query parameters . select saleshistory.customer_key , saleshistory.product_key , saleshistory.amount , saleshistory.quantity from dbo.products p inner join @selectedproductranges productrangeselection on p.product_range_key = productrangeselection.[key] inner join @selectedcustomers customerselection on 1 = 1 inner join dbo.f_sales_history_..snip.._date_range(@low, @up) saleshistory on saleshistory.product_key = p.[key] and saleshistory.customer_key = customerselection.[key] I hope the sample makes sense. Much thanks for your help!

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• Child sProc cannot reference a Local temp table created in parent sProc

  - by John Galt

  On our production SQL2000 instance, we have a database with hundreds of stored procedures, many of which use a technique of creating a #TEMP table "early" on in the code and then various inner stored procedures get EXECUTEd by this parent sProc. In SQL2000, the inner or "child" sProc have no problem INSERTing into #TEMP or SELECTing data from #TEMP. In short, I assume they can all refer to this #TEMP because they use the same connection. In testing with SQL2008, I find 2 manifestations of different behavior. First, at design time, the new "intellisense" feature is complaining in Management Studio EDIT of the child sProc that #TEMP is an "invalid object name". But worse is that at execution time, the invoked parent sProc fails inside the nested child sProc. Someone suggested that the solution is to change to ##TEMP which is apparently a global temporary table which can be referenced from different connections. That seems too drastic a proposal both from the amount of work to chase down all the problem spots as well as possible/probable nasty effects when these sProcs are invoked from web applications (i.e. multiuser issues). Is this indeed a change in behavior in SQL2005 or SQL2008 regarding #TEMP (local temp tables)? We skipped 2005 but I'd like to learn more precisely why this is occuring before I go off and try to hack out the needed fixes. Thanks.

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• Write a sql for updating data based on time

  - by Lu Lu

  Hello everyone, Because I am new with SQL Server and T-SQL, so I will need your help. I have 2 table: Realtime and EOD. To understand my question, I give example data for 2 tables: ---Realtime table--- Symbol Date Value ABC 1/3/2009 03:05:01 327 // this day is not existed in EOD -> inserting BBC 1/3/2009 03:05:01 458 // this day is not existed in EOD -> inserting ABC 1/2/2009 03:05:01 326 // this day is new -> updating BBC 1/2/2009 03:05:01 454 // this day is new -> updating ABC 1/2/2009 02:05:01 323 BBC 1/2/2009 02:05:01 453 ABC 1/2/2009 01:05:01 313 BBC 1/2/2009 01:05:01 423 ---EOD table--- Symbol Date Value ABC 1/2/2009 02:05:01 323 BBC 1/2/2009 02:05:01 453 I will need to create a store procedure to update value of symbols. If data in day of a symbol is new (compare between Realtime & EOD), it will update value and date for EOD at that day if existing, otherwise inserting. And store will update EOD table with new data: ---EOD table--- Symbol Date Value ABC 1/3/2009 03:05:01 327 BBC 1/3/2009 03:05:01 458 ABC 1/2/2009 03:05:01 326 BBC 1/2/2009 03:05:01 454 P/S: I use SQL Server 2005. And I have a similar answered question at here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2726369/help-to-the-way-to-write-a-query-for-the-requirement Please help me. Thanks.

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• Find out which row caused the error

  - by Felipe Fiali

  I have a big fat query that's written dynamically to integrate some data. Basically what it does is query some tables, join some other ones, treat some data, and then insert it into a final table. The problem is that there's too much data, and we can't really trust the sources, because there could be some errored or inconsistent data. For example, I've spent almost an hour looking for an error while developing using a customer's database because somewhere in the middle of my big fat query there was an error converting some varchar to datetime. It turned out to be that they had some sales dating '2009-02-29', an out-of-range date. And yes, I know. Why was that stored as varchar? Well, the source database has 3 columns for dates, 'Month', 'Day' and 'Year'. I have no idea why it's like that, but still, it is. But how the hell would I treat that, if the source is not trustable? I can't HANDLE exceptions, I really need that it comes up to another level with the original message, but I wanted to provide some more info, so that the user could at least try to solve it before calling us. So I thought about displaying to the user the row number, or some ID that would at least give him some idea of what record he'd have to correct. That's also a hard job because there will be times when the integration will run up to 80000 records. And in an 80000 records integration, a single dummy error message: 'The conversion of a varchar data type to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range datetime value' means nothing at all. So any idea would be appreciated. Oh I'm using SQL Server 2005 with Service Pack 3.

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• Use SQL to clone a tree structure represented in a database

  - by AmoebaMan17

  Given a table that represents a hierarchical tree structure and has three columns ID (Primary Key, not-autoincrementing) ParentGroupID SomeValue I know the lowest most node of that branch, and I want to copy that to a new branch with the same number of parents that also need to be cloned. I am trying to write a single SQL INSERT INTO statement that will make a copy of every row that is of the same main has is part one GroupID into a new GroupID. Example beginning table: ID | ParentGroupID | SomeValue ------------------------ 1 | -1 | a 2 | 1 | b 3 | 2 | c Goal after I run a simple INSERT INTO statement: ID | ParentGroupID | SomeValue ------------------------ 1 | -1 | a 2 | 1 | b 3 | 2 | c 4 | -1 | a-cloned 5 | 4 | b-cloned 6 | 5 | c-cloned Final tree structure +--a (1) | +--b (2) | +--c (3) | +--a-cloned (4) | +--b-cloned (5) | +--c-cloned (6) The IDs aren't always nicely spaced out as this demo data is showing, so I can't always assume that the Parent's ID is 1 less than the current ID for rows that have parents. Also, I am trying to do this in T-SQL (for Microsoft SQL Server 2005 and greater). This feels like a classic exercise that should have a pure-SQL answer, but I'm too used to programming that my mind doesn't think in relational SQL.

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• Output columns not in destination table?

  - by lance

  SUMMARY: I need to use an OUTPUT clause on an INSERT statement to return columns which don't exist on the table into which I'm inserting. If I can avoid it, I don't want to add columns to the table to which I'm inserting. DETAILS: My FinishedDocument table has only one column. This is the table into which I'm inserting. FinishedDocument -- DocumentID My Document table has two columns. This is the table from which I need to return data. Document -- DocumentID -- Description The following inserts one row into FinishedDocument. Its OUTPUT clause returns the DocumentID which was inserted. This works, but it doesn't give me the Description of the inserted document. INSERT INTO FinishedDocument OUTPUT INSERTED.DocumentID SELECT DocumentID FROM Document WHERE DocumentID = @DocumentID I need to return from the Document table both the DocumentID and the Description of the matching document from the INSERT. What syntax do I need to pull this off? I'm thinking it's possible only with the one INSERT statement, by tweaking the OUTPUT clause (in a way I clearly don't understand)? Is there a smarter way that doesn't resemble the path I'm going down here? EDIT: SQL Server 2005

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• SQL to insert latest version of a group of items

  - by Garett

  I’m trying to determine a good way to handle the scenario below. I have the following two database tables, along with sample data. Table1 contains distributions that are grouped per project. A project can have one or more distributions. A distribution can have one of more accounts. An account has a percentage allocated to it. The distributions can be modified by adding or removing account, as well as changing percentages. Table2 tracks distributions, assigning a version number to each distribution. I need to be able to copy new distributions from Table1 to Table2, but only under two conditions: 1. the entire distribution does not already exist 2. the distribution has been modified (accounts added/removed or percentages changed). Note: When copying a distribution from Table1 to Table2 I need to compare all accounts and percentages within the distribution to determine if it already exists. When inserting the new distribution then I need to increment the VersionID (max(VersionID) + 1). So, in the example provided the distribution (12345, 1) has been modified, adding account number 7, as well as changing percentages allocated. The entire distribution should be copied to the second table, incrementing the VersionID to 3 in the process. The database in question is SQL Server 2005. Table1 ------ ProjectID AccountDistributionID AccountID Percent 12345 1 1 25.0 12345 1 2 25.0 12345 1 7 50.0 56789 2 3 25.0 56789 2 4 25.0 56789 2 5 25.0 56789 2 6 25.0 Table2 ------ ID VersionID Project ID AccountDistributionID AccountID Percent 1 1 12345 1 1 50.0 2 1 12345 1 2 50.0 3 2 56789 2 3 25.0 4 2 56789 2 4 25.0 5 2 56789 2 5 25.0 6 2 56789 2 6 25.0

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• Creating multiple instances of a generic database

  - by sagekilla

  Hi all, currently I'm trying to have a setup where a generic database is distributed to students. They would develop an application using this database (Say a shopping cart application), submit their project onto our server, and then it would be graded automatically. These databases are being run in Microsoft SQL Server 2005. We're using user instances to instantiate each database, and multiple requests could be serviced at once. But, the problem is when more than one student submitted a project to be graded, the first database to be instantiated would be the only one and would overwrite all other copies that were currently open. So if stu1 modified his database and stu2 and stu3 had their projects being graded concurrently, at the end of the grading stu1, stu2, and stu3 would have identical DB's at the end. Is there any way I can have multiple independent copies of a generic database, each of which I can load concurrently and modify without having any changes made to any one affecting the others? I did a little reading, and thought it might be possible to do something along the lines of: Student submits project Attach the database with unique db name (specified by student) Do all necessary operations Detach the database I'm unsure if this would fix our problem or be possible, so any help would be much appreciated!

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• SQL SERVER – Delay Command in SQL Server – SQL in Sixty Seconds #055

  - by Pinal Dave

  Have you ever needed WAIT or DELAY function in SQL Server?  Well, I personally have never needed it but I see lots of people asking for the same. It seems the need of the function is when developers are working with asynchronous applications or programs. When they are working with an application where user have to wait for a while for another application to complete the processing. If you are programming language developer, it is very easy for you to make the application wait for command however, in SQL I personally have rarely used this feature.  However, I have seen lots of developers asking for this feature in SQL Server, hence I have decided to build this quick video on the same subject. We can use WAITFOR DELAY ‘timepart‘ to create a SQL Statement to wait. Let us see the same concept in following SQL in Sixty Seconds Video: Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: Delay Function – WAITFOR clause – Delay Execution of Commands What would you like to see in the next SQL in Sixty Seconds video? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Interview Questions and Answers, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video Tagged: Identity

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• SQL SERVER – SELECT TOP Shortcut in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

  - by pinaldave

  This is tool is pretty old, yet always comes as a handy tip. I had a great trip at TechEd in India. And, during one of my presentations, I was asked if there are any shortcuts to SELECT only TOP 100 records from SSMS. I immediately told him that if he explores the table in SSMS, he can just right click on it and SELECT TOP 1000 records. If he wanted only 100 records, then he could edit that 1000 to 100 by means of going to Options. Go to Options, then hover the mouse over the SQL Server Object Explorer, then proceed to Commands. Afterwards, change the Value for Select Top <n> Audit Records. After narrating the steps, he told me that he was not looking for the right click option; rather he was asking if there is any kind of keyboard shortcut for convenience’s sake. Actually, a keyboard shortcut is also possible. SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) lets you configure the settings you want using a shortcut. Here is how you can do it. Go to Options, then to Environment. Proceed to Keyboard, and from there, configure your T-SQL with the desired keyword. Now, open SSMS New Query Window, and then click and type in any table name.  After that, just hit the shortcut you just made earlier. Doing this should display TOP 100 records in the Result window. I am sure this trick is quite old, but it is still helpful to many. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Add-On, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – sp_describe_first_result_set New System Stored Procedure in SQL Server 2012

  - by pinaldave

  I might have said this earlier many times but I will say it again – SQL Server never stops to amaze me. Here is the example of it sp_describe_first_result_set. I stumbled upon it when I was looking for something else on BOL. This new system stored procedure did attract me to experiment with it. This SP does exactly what its names suggests – describes the first result set. Let us see very simple example of the same. Please note that this will work on only SQL Server 2012. EXEC sp_describe_first_result_set N'SELECT * FROM AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderDetail', NULL, 1 GO Here is the partial resultset. Now let us take this simple example to next level and learn one more interesting detail about this function. First I will be creating a view and then we will use the same procedure over the view. USE AdventureWorks GO CREATE VIEW dbo.MyView AS SELECT [SalesOrderID] soi_v ,[SalesOrderDetailID] sodi_v ,[CarrierTrackingNumber] stn_v FROM [Sales].[SalesOrderDetail] GO Now let us execute above stored procedure with various options. You can notice I am changing the very last parameter which I am passing to the stored procedure.This option is known as for browse_information_mode. EXEC sp_describe_first_result_set N'SELECT soi_v soi, sodi_v sodi, stn_v stn FROM MyView', NULL, 0; GO EXEC sp_describe_first_result_set N'SELECT soi_v soi, sodi_v sodi, stn_v stn FROM MyView', NULL, 1; GO EXEC sp_describe_first_result_set N'SELECT soi_v soi, sodi_v sodi, stn_v stn FROM MyView', NULL, 2; GO Here is result of all the three queries together in single image for easier understanding regarding their difference. You can see that when BrowseMode is set to 1 the resultset describes the details of the original source database, schema as well source table. When BrowseMode is set to 2 the resulset describes the details of the view as the source database. I found it really really interesting that there exists system stored procedure which now describes the resultset of the output. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Stored Procedure, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Disk Space Monitoring – Detecting Low Disk Space on Server

  - by Pinal Dave

  A very common question I often receive is how to detect if the disk space is running low on SQL Server. There are two different ways to do the same. I personally prefer method 2 as that is very easy to use and I can use it creatively along with database name. Method 1: EXEC MASTER..xp_fixeddrives GO Above query will return us two columns, drive name and MB free. If we want to use this data in our query, we will have to create a temporary table and insert the data from this stored procedure into the temporary table and use it. Method 2: SELECT DISTINCT dovs.logical_volume_name AS LogicalName, dovs.volume_mount_point AS Drive, CONVERT(INT,dovs.available_bytes/1048576.0) AS FreeSpaceInMB FROM sys.master_files mf CROSS APPLY sys.dm_os_volume_stats(mf.database_id, mf.FILE_ID) dovs ORDER BY FreeSpaceInMB ASC GO The above query will give us three columns: drive logical name, drive letter and free space in MB. We can further modify above query to also include database name in the query as well. SELECT DISTINCT DB_NAME(dovs.database_id) DBName, dovs.logical_volume_name AS LogicalName, dovs.volume_mount_point AS Drive, CONVERT(INT,dovs.available_bytes/1048576.0) AS FreeSpaceInMB FROM sys.master_files mf CROSS APPLY sys.dm_os_volume_stats(mf.database_id, mf.FILE_ID) dovs ORDER BY FreeSpaceInMB ASC GO This will give us additional data about which database is placed on which drive. If you see a database name multiple times, it is because your database has multiple files and they are on different drives. You can modify above query one more time to even include the details of actual file location. SELECT DISTINCT DB_NAME(dovs.database_id) DBName, mf.physical_name PhysicalFileLocation, dovs.logical_volume_name AS LogicalName, dovs.volume_mount_point AS Drive, CONVERT(INT,dovs.available_bytes/1048576.0) AS FreeSpaceInMB FROM sys.master_files mf CROSS APPLY sys.dm_os_volume_stats(mf.database_id, mf.FILE_ID) dovs ORDER BY FreeSpaceInMB ASC GO The above query will now additionally include the physical file location as well. As I mentioned earlier, I prefer method 2 as I can creatively use it as per the business need. Let me know which method are you using in your production server. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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• SQL SERVER – Introduction to PERCENTILE_CONT() – Analytic Functions Introduced in SQL Server 2012

  - by pinaldave

  SQL Server 2012 introduces new analytical function PERCENTILE_CONT(). The book online gives following definition of this function: Computes a specific percentile for sorted values in an entire rowset or within distinct partitions of a rowset in Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Release Candidate 0 (RC 0). For a given percentile value P, PERCENTILE_DISC sorts the values of the expression in the ORDER BY clause and returns the value with the smallest CUME_DIST value (with respect to the same sort specification) that is greater than or equal to P. If you are clear with understanding of the function – no need to read further. If you got lost here is the same in simple words – it is lot like finding median with percentile value. Now let’s have fun following query: USE AdventureWorks GO SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderQty, ProductID, PERCENTILE_CONT(0.5) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY ProductID) OVER (PARTITION BY SalesOrderID) AS MedianCont FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ORDER BY SalesOrderID DESC GO The above query will give us the following result: You can see that I have used PERCENTILE_COUNT(0.5) in query, which is similar to finding median. Let me explain above diagram with little more explanation. The defination of median is as following: In case of Even Number of elements = In ordered list add the two digits from the middle and devide by 2 In case of Odd Numbers of elements = In ordered list select the digits from the middle I hope this example gives clear idea how PERCENTILE_CONT() works. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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