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• How to configure something like "Reflexive ACL" on OpenBSD?

  - by Earlz

  My U-Verse modem has something called "Reflexive ACL" described as Reflexive ACL: When IPv6 is enabled, you can enable Reflexive Access Control Lists to deny inbound IPv6 traffic unless this traffic results from returning outgoing packets (except as configured through firewall rules). This seems like a pretty good way to keep from having to maintain a firewall on each computer behind my router that gets handed an IPv6 address. It sounds about like a NAT, which for my small home network is all I want right now. Now my modem sucks as a router though, so I'm in the process of configuring an OpenBSD router to do that. I've got IPv6 supported and all that and my OpenBSD router will hand out IPv6 addresses by rtadvd. Now I want to keep people from having instant access to my local network through IPv6. How would I best do something like Reflexive ACL with pf in OpenBSD 5.0?

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• How can I tell if my live web-server is overloaded?

  - by Nick G

  We have a live webserver which doesn't seem to be performing all that well. It's a Dell PowerEdge machine, a few years old (dual core, 4GB) which is hosting about 20 low-traffic websites. However it doesn't seem to be as fast as it used to be. How can we determine the cause of this? If it's website traffic, I would be expecting high CPU but CPU usage is quite low and hovers around the 15-30% mark except for very brief periods. I'm wondering perhaps, if rather than CPU performance being a problem, perhaps it's disk thrashing due to the constant read/writes of all the small web files and database queries. It has 4x 7200 RPM SATA drives in RAID 5. So is there a way to check that it's not disk thrashing?

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• Restricting output to only allow localhost using iptables

  - by Dave Forgac

  I would like to restrict outbound traffic to only localhost using iptables. I already have a default DROP policy on OUTPUT and a rule REJECTing all traffic. I need to add a rule above that in the OUTPUT chain. I have seen a couple different examples for this type of rule, the most common being: -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT and -A OUTPUT -o lo -s 127.0.0.1 -d 127.0.0.1 -j ACCEPT Is there any reason to use the latter rather than the former? Can packets on lo have an address other than 127.0.0.1?

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• NETSH : Set default ip address for an interface with multiple Ips

  - by elarichi.y

  To test a load balancer I need to switch my ip address several time a day, and keep other ips routing trough other Wans. I run these commands in a batch script: netsh interface ip set address "Connexion au réseau local" static %ipd% 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 1 netsh in ip add address "Connexion au réseau local" %ips1% 255.255.255.0 netsh in ip add address "Connexion au réseau local" %ips2% 255.255.255.0 ipd: is the default ip I want to set (all traffic should go trough it). ips1 and ips2 : are the secondary ips I want to keep but what ever I do all traffic goes trough one IP !! (first one in the range) Please help me with this issue.

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• Linux router with diffent gateways for incomming and outgoing connections

  - by nkout

  I have the following topology: LAN Users:192.168.1.2 - 254 (192.168.1.0/24) gateway1: 192.168.2.2/24 used for all outgoing connections of LAN users (default gateway) gateway2: 192.168.3.2/24 used for incoming services (destination NAT, ports 80,443 are forwarded to 192.168.2.1) linux router-server R eth0 192.168.1.1/24: LAN eth1 192.168.2.1/24: WWAN1 eth2 192.168.3.1/24: WWAN2 I want to: route all outgoing traffic coming from LAN and R via 192.168.2.2 route the responses to incoming connections via 192.168.3.2 My config: ifconfig eth0 up 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 ifconfig eth1 up 192.168.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 ifconfig eth2 up 192.168.3.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 echo 0 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward route add default gw 192.168.2.2 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -d !192.168.0.0/16 -j MASQUERADE I want to add iptables rule to mark incoming traffic from WWAN2 and send back the responses to WWAN2, while keeping default gateway on WWAN1

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• Which TCP ports to use?

  - by rowatt

  Is there a TCP port range which I can be sure will not be used by anything else for traffic between two machines? If I am reading RFC6335 correctly, I can be sure that no other applications will use specific ports in the Dynamic/Private/Ephemeral range of 49152-65535. However, if I understand correctly, it also states (section 8.1.2) that an application shouldn't assume that any given port in that range is available at any given time, which would mean I can't be 100% sure that it will be unused all the time. Specifically, I want to assign specific SSH traffic to a different port for the security benefit and so I can classify it differently for QoS purposes, and not have to worry about changing the port in the future.

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• What is the best way to configure the number of workers in Apache?

  - by rbm

  My site receives a lot of traffic for 2 hours during the day (2000 hits per minute). The rest of the day receives less traffic(500e hits per minute). I have been experimenting with the MaxClients and MaxSpareServers values but I still get some downtime during peek hours. How can I calculate the best values for my configuration based on the amount of ram that I have ? Each process is like 36-40 M of Memory total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3096 793 2302 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 793 2302 Swap: 0 0 0 Values that I am using now <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 10 MinSpareServers 22 MaxSpareServers 60 ServerLimit 90 MaxClients 90 MaxRequestsPerChild 400 </IfModule>

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• How SmartDNS Works

  - by Emad

  If you travel outside the US you'll notice that most of the streaming services like Netflix, Pandora, hulu etc are blocked, usually by the service providers themselves. To get around that, people use VPN services. They basically tunnel your traffic through a US server so your requests seem like they are originating in the US. These VPN services fix this blocking problem, but make your connection slower than the normal unVPNed connection. Recently however I've come across something called SmartDNS provided by overplay.net. You pay $5 a month and you get access to their DNS servers. After you change to their DNS you get access to the blocked streaming sites, without slowing down your normal traffic like email and browsing. What I'd like to know is the technical details of how this SmartDNS works. I've done some quick research but that didn't turn up anything of substance. Anybody out there knows?

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• Rsync to take the newest file. And a cron job?

  - by user1704877

  I have a log file on two different servers. The servers are under a load balancer so half the traffic goes to one server, and half the traffic goes to the other server. I need to take the newest log file from one machine and transfer that log file to the other machine. So if one log file is changed on one server, it gets updated on the other server. I think I need to use rsync. And do I also need to put it in a cron job?

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• System Center 2012 R2 System Discovery Network Utilization

  - by AtomicReaction

  I'm in charge of a deployment of Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager 2012 R2. Currently, I'm working through the discovery methods and trying to decide how to enable automatic discovery of systems and users. On Microsoft's documentation, they warn that Configuration Manager Automatic Discovery traffic can get pretty significant if you aren't careful in your implementation. Can anyone who has used this give me some information on how much traffic I should expect? We currently have around 1000 computers and 4000 user accounts in Active Directory. Thanks!

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• VPS stops responding every now and again

  - by Or W

  I have a Linode vps that I use to host some of my websites on. It's Ubuntu based and it's up to date in terms of all packages. I don't have any cron jobs scheduled or any automatic processes. I host a few (up to date) wordpress blogs there that have very little traffic altogether. Every day (at a different time) my server stops responding, I can't SSH to it, web access is getting timed out and it just dies until I reboot it through the Linode manager. On the linode dashboard I can see that the CPU is not very high (2-3%) Incoming/Outgoing traffic is on 0 and the IO count has a spike just before the server stops responding (SWAP IO is at 2k and IO Rate is at 5k). When I reboot the server everything is just fine. I'm trying to figure out a way to analyze what's going on at these random times where the server freezes up. How can I determine the problem?

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• How to tunnel local port through proxy server?

  - by Joe Casadonte

  I have a non-proxy-aware program that I need to get working through an HTTP proxy server. The program (MYPROG) running on a machine I can configure at will (MYSRV) connects to a specific server (DESTSRV) on a specific port (DESTPRT). There is an existing HTTP proxy server (PROXYSRV:PROXYPRT) that will allow the traffic through if MYPROG was proxy-aware, but it isn't. Is there a way to listen locally on a specific port and forward the traffic through the proxy server? I can totally configure where MYPROG points to, so I could point it to MYSRV:4545 with the thought that some wonder program will redirect the data to DESTSRV:DESTPRT through PROXYSRV:PROXYPRT. I'm thinking IP Tables or netcat could do the trick if only I could figure them out... Thanks!

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• PHP and load balancing

  - by StCee

  I have one major domain but the server spec behind it is not good enough. Hence I want to relay the traffic, in particular php-mysql queries to multiple smaller servers. How is that normally be done? (BTW I wonder how much traffic or number of php/mysql request a normal setup on ec2 micro instance can handle? ) I did have a look of EC2 load balancer. But is it only possible to load balance on machines of your own account?

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• Server Requirement and Cost for an android Application [duplicate]

  - by CagkanToptas

  This question already has an answer here: How do you do load testing and capacity planning for web sites? 3 answers Can you help me with my capacity planning? 2 answers I am working on a project which is an android application. For my project proposal, I need to calculate what is my server requirements to overcome the traffic I explained below? and if possible, I want to learn what is approximate cost of such server? I am giving the maximum expected values for calculation : -Database will be in mysql (Average service time of DB is 100-110ms in my computer[i5,4GB Ram]) -A request will transfer 150Kb data for each request on average. -Total user count : 1m -Active user count : 50k -Estimated request/sec for 1 active user : 0.06 -Total expected request/second to the server = ~5000 I am expecting this traffic between 20:00-1:00 everyday and then this values will decrease to 1/10 rest of the day. Is there any solution to this? [e.g increasing server capacity in a specific time period everyday to reduce cost]

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• Windows Firewall 2008 Server - Allow only given IP in, block all others

  - by chumad

  I've got a Windows 2008 Server. It has the built-in windows firewall on it. I've played around with the Advanced settings where I can setup inbound/outbound rules, but it doesn't appear that I can create a rule that would say "Block All incoming traffic except traffic coming from this IP address" I created a rule that Blocks All, but there's no way that I've found to create a rule that will "override" the block rule and allow 1 or more IP's to get in. I accomplished this on a Win2k box using IPSEC, but it seems that IPSEC is now built-in to windows firewall. Any tips?

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• KVM guest storage difference with NBD and NFS

  - by WojonsTech

  I am setting up my own little private cloud for my own use maybe for a project or to. I am using linux kvm on debian 6. I have 3 servers 2 of them for compute nodes and 1 storage node. I would I have already installed kvm made a few test machines got my networking setup. I have 2 nics on each server 1 nic is for web traffic other nic is for network traffic. My first Idea was to use NFS for storing the guest machines which can range in size, maybe 8gb maybe 100gb, it just depends. I was doing have heard of nbd before seems like it could work but I dont know what the performance differences are and if it will effect my enviroment, nfs looks like it will be easier to use.

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• Accessing Application Server directly by public IP in citrix Farm

  - by EmilioG

  I have an citrix application server in SiteB and I have a Farm in SiteA. We want to add this server into that Farm in SiteB, and access it from the internet via web interface. SiteA and SiteB are connected via VPN. But we would like to do that in a way the ICA traffic goes directly to the application server public IP (behind NAT) in siteB without using siteA and the VPN to route this traffic. Do you know if this is posible? Maybe there is a way to change the host in the ica file for this server in the webinterface (without editing manually each time)? We are using Citrix 4.5. Thanks in advance.

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• How to schedule download of windows 7 updates?

  - by atoMerz

  To put it short: I'd like to schedule my windows updates to start/stop at certain times of day. How can I do this? More explanation: This is because my internet traffic is limited by ISP and it's free only during a specific period throughout the day (2:00am-7:00am). I've set windows update setting to check for updates but notify me before downloading in order to prevent it from automatically using up my traffic. But then I have to manually tell it when to start downloading. I obviously don't want to stay up that late just to push a button. So again, how can I schedule windows updates to start/stop at specified times?

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• How can I monitor ports on Windows?

  - by Olav

  What is the simplest way on "local" (1*) Windows, for known ports, to: Find out if it is used. Find out as much as possible about what is behind the port. Find out as much as possible about traffic through the port. Find out if something else is interfering with the port and traffic to it. I have used Fiddler in the past, but I think that's mostly HTTP? I don't if Wire-shark does more? I think there is a tool closely integrated with Windows? Which one? (5). I am looking at NMap, but its seems to be more a suite of tools, and a high entry level. 1*: Primarily this is for what happens inside my Windows Machine, but if necessary, I can for example use a VM, or the wireless connection.

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• hosting website on a private network

  - by razor

  i'm currently running a website off 3 linux servers. I'd like to setup a private network and only allow port 80 traffic to one of the servers. I'd also like to setup a vpn so only I can access the servers via ssh or any port for developing/debugging. How hard is this to setup and what do I need to get? Do enterprise/commercial routers have vpn functionality built in? how do I handle DNS? eg- www.mydomain.com would need to point to the router, which forwards traffic to the webserver. Do I set the A record to the router, and somehow tell the router which server to send the http request to? And how would I make server1.mydomain.com resolve to server1 within the private network (without editing host files)? Would I need to run my own DNS (eg- powerdns?) to do this?

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• SSH tunnel doesn't work

  - by s1ck

  I am trying to use my server as a "proxy" with ssh. However, setting up tunneling with ssh -D localhost:8000 user@myserver does not work. I tested this on various machines with ssh and putty - It connects just fine, but when I set my browser settings accordingly, I just get an error "Connection has been reset". I tried monitoring the traffic with wireshark, but I didn't even see some tunnel-traffic. I explicitly set AllowTcpForwarding to "yes" but I still can't use the tunnel. When running ssh in verbose mode, I don't get any errors but debug1: Connection to port 8000 forwarding to socks port 0 requested. debug1: channel 3: new [dynamic-tcpip] debug1: channel 3: free: dynamic-tcpip, nchannels 4 What am I doing wrong?

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• process ksoftirqd consumes permanent 15% CPU load [closed]

  - by markus

  Possible Duplicate: Anyone else experiencing high rates of Linux server crashes during a leap second day? The process ksoftirqd/0 uses permanent 15% CPU on our debian squeeze server. 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 15.0 0.0 850:59.17 ksoftirqd/0 I already read that this can have various reason like Full harddisk or high network traffic. In our case we do have more or less low network traffic and enough space on hard disk. How can I analyse what causes ksoftirqd/0 to use permanently 15% CPU?

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• what route to add to windows so that..

  - by baobeiii

  what route to add to windows so that while using openvpn i have internet connectivity, but if openvpn tunnel collapses then my computer has no routes to use and so has no connectivity. My computer normally needs the default route 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.254. I just need a route that only allowed traffic destined for the openvpn server ip. The traffic has to go through 192.168.1.254 however as that is my home networks internet gateway router thingy. Thanks.

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• redirecting arbitrary tcp/udp in kvm

  - by jbfink

  I've got a server with KVM on it, and multiple guest VMs. I'd like a way to redirect traffic from the host server to the VMs. Like, say, forward all traffic on port 2222 on the host to 22 on a guest VM for ssh. This would have to be done either through virt-manager or libvirt XML config files -- I've found multiple references to doing it through qemu (like http://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?t=237969) but absolutely nothing that I can see related to either libvirt or virt-manager. Do you know how I can do this?

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• ssh tunnel through an intermediate host

  - by user1190650

  I have configured an SSH tunnel to forward my web traffic from hostA to hostC using this command on hostA: ssh -D 2222 user@hostC after configuring my browser to use a proxy on port 2222. This works great. However, I now want to forward the same traffic through an intermediate SSH connection on hostB in order to get to hostC. I tried this on hostA: ssh user@hostB -L 2222:hostB:22 but I get "channel x: open failed" errors. Does anyone know the correct way of doing this?

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