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• How to cd into smb://[email protected] from terminal?

  - by John

  I am using ubuntu and gnome on my computer. When I open up File Browser, on the left hand rail, I see conveniently a folder called "Work Server". When I mouse over it, the following caption appears "smb://[email protected]". If I click on that folder, then I can see the contents of that folder. Everything is great. So now when I open up a terminal/shell, I type in cd smb://[email protected] I get an error saying the directory doesn't exist. How do I enter this directory via shell/terminal?

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• log execution of certain commands on linux

  - by jlsksr

  I have to maintain a system (debian) on which several users are allowed to install programs - so I would like to log, for example, if anyone executes "apt-get install" or "apt-get purge", so I can keep track of manually installed packages.. I'm looking for a general way to achieve this; it's not just APT, but several programs/scripts etc. Any ideas? /edit a google-search with few different keywords brought up this: http://serverfault.com/questions/201221/how-to-log-every-linux-command-to-a-logserver http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15698590/how-to-capture-all-the-commands-typed-in-unix-linux-by-any-user http://sourceforge.net/projects/rootsh/

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• Change to different user, or let different user execute a command

  - by WG-

  I have a problem. There is a server which I can access with an account by ssh, lets say WG. Now there is a folder with the following permissions. drwxr-s---+ 855 vvz www-data 20K Aug 21 17:56 pictures I want to copy this folder using rsync, however since I am not the user www-data but WG I cannot execute rsync. So I want www-data to execute a rsync command. However, I do not posses sudo powers. My friend however tells me that I am actually able to execute the rsync command as www-data, but he will not tell me how. I asked him for some clues and he told me that it had something to do with reverse shell (which I figured out to be that you connect by ssh to your server and then you connect back to your own server, or something). I also asked if it was by-design or actually a flaw in the system. He tells me it is both. Furthermore I think it has something to do with the group permissions. If I just make sure that I am with the group permissions then I can also read the files. Anybody has a clue?

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• merge two parts of pdf in one

  - by Yurij73

  I have two searchable pdf documents say even.pdf and odd.pdf which contains respectively even and odd pages of a book. I can decompile each pdf to separate files 001.pdf 002.pdf oo3.pdf ....The question is how to merge them? They are both even and odd sequences numbered 1,2,3. If it where other numbering on decompile stage with pdftk for even 1,3,5 and for odd 2,4,6 instead of existing order 1,2,3, 4.. i coulde simple merge them, but i ignore this method of numbering with pdftk. May be i need to do the task in other way?

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• unexpected behaviour of Ctrl-a x and Ctrl-a X in screen?! regions, locking

  - by gojira

  According to the screen manual (version 4.0.2.) C-a x C-a C-x (lockscreen) Lock this terminal. C-a X (remove) Kill the current region. But what actually happens when I use it (Screen version 4.00.03 (FAU) 23-Oct-06): C-a X locks the terminal and asks me for the password. When I enter the correct passwword, I am back in screen but the region is killed (wtf) C-a x does nothing apparently Please note the differences between x (lowercase) and X (uppercase). Why is there a mixup between the functionalities of C-a X and C-a x? How can I fix this? I am on CentOS release 5 (Final).

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• How can I automate or script daily downloads for any new anti- virus databases, and then have the program scan my drive?

  - by Macgrimm

  Howdy all Super Users" I humbly ask if any Super User can direct this long time, gray haired Apple Tech in the right direction on this issue. I believe there probably are many ways to skin this cat. But I am looking to find simply the best, most unattended way to get it done. Any help will be greatly appreciated. also (I know there are much better softwares out there for the Mac so please don't go there! The politics of this company dictate which Anti virus we have to use) anyway without any further wait: basically I am trying to automate 2 very important functions of Mc'Afee anti-virus for Mac. First I want to automate the process of retrieving new virus definition files, and second I want to automate the process of scanning for viruses. It turns out that Using Mc'Afee Anti-Virus for the Mac are both manual functions. And they left up to the user (per user account) to perform. Depending on all of about 150 MAc users to perform these 2 tasks themselves is around 65% compliance. My question then is: If I wanted to use the command line such as (open /Applications/McAfee\ Security.app) It will open up the Security Console. But how can I make command Mc'Afee go out and grab the definition files and scan the computer? I have to admit I am at a crossroad and Macaltimers has set in. I would really appreciate it if any of you "Super ~ Users" can help me out with this MacAltimers loss of how to what to do. Thanks to All up Front Macgrimm

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• How do I symlink binaries under /usr/local/util to the default searchable /bin ?

  - by apache

  There are multiple binaries under /usr/local/util so I don't want to do it by running ln -s /bin/util_i /usr/local/util/util_i multiple times. Anyway,what I want to achieve is that I don't need to type /usr/local/util/ to run binaries under it.

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• Some doubts about the use of usermod and groupmod command

  - by AndreaNobili

  I am not yet a true "Linux guy" and I have the following doubts about how exactly do the following shell procedure (a list of commands steps) founded in a tutorial that I am following (I want deeply understand what I am doing before do it): sudo passwd root then login again as root usermod -l miner pi usermod -m -d /home/miner miner groupmod -n miner pi exit So at the beginning it enable the root account and I have to login again in the system as root...this is perfectly clear for me. And now I have the followings doubts: 1) The usermod command: usermod -l miner pi usermod -m -d /home/miner miner Reading the official documentation of the usermod command I understand that this command modify the informations related to an existing account Reading the documentation it seems to me that the -l parmether modify the name of the user pi in miner and then the -m -d paramether move the contents of the old home directory to the new one (named miner) and use this new directory as home directory My doubt is: what exactly do the executions of these operation? I think that: Rename the existing pi user in miner Then move the content of the old home directory (the pi home directory? or what?) into a new directory (/home/miner) that now is the home directory for the miner user. Is it right? The the second doubt is related to this command groupmod -n miner pi It seems to me that change the group name from pi in miner But what exactly is a group in Linux and why is it used? Tnx

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• dhcp code for pxe server

  - by avoq

  I'm trying to understand every single line of the following script but to no avail. I'd be glad if someone could help me. For sure I know its purpose is to start the DHCP server as well as the TFTP...But I'm stuck: killall dnsmasq 2>/dev/null dnsmasq --enable-tftp --tftp-root=$PXEDATA/boot --dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0,"$IP",$IP --dhcp-range=$(echo $IP | cut -d. -f1-3).50,$(echo $IP | cut -d. -f1-3).250, infinite --dhcp-option=option:router,192.168.0.254 --log-dhcp Why killall, why dnsmasq 2 What does "2" stand for? "--" what does it mean? Thanks a lot.

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• Recursive Unrar with Deletion as it progresses

  - by Jharwood

  Basically, i have a set of directories that are constantly being filled with .rar's, and i need to be able to extract them in place with automatic deletion of the left over .(rar|rXX) files. How would i go about this? Note: I can't delete all of them once done, they have to be deleted as the script completes one rar set. Example Directory Structure: / /folder1/ /file1.rar /file1.r00 /file1.r01 /folder2/ /sub.folder1/ /file2.part001.rar (contains a directory "file2") /file2.part002.rar /file2.part003.rar /sub.folder2/ /file3.rar /file3.r00 /file3.r01 Expected Result: / /folder1/ /file1.ext /folder2/ /sub.folder1/ /file2/ /file2.ext /sub.folder2/ /file3.ext

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• Why would a process monitoring script use exit 1; on finding no problems?

  - by user568458

  General question: On a Linux (Centos) server, if a process monitoring script run by cron is set to close with exit 1; rather than exit 0; on finding that everything is okay and that no action is needed, is that a mistake? Or are there legitimate reasons for calling exit 1; instead of exit 0; on the "Everything's fine, no action needed" condition? exit 0; on finding no problems seems to me to be more appropriate. But maybe there's something I'm not aware of. For example, maybe there's something specific to Cron? Or maybe there's a convention in process monitoring scripts that 'failure' means 'this script failed to need to fix a problem' (rather than what I would expect which is that exit 1; would mean 'the process being monitored has failed'?) My specific case: I'm looking at a process monitoring script written by my web hosting company. By process monitoring script, I mean a script executed by Cron on a regular basis that checks if an important system process is running, and if it isn't running, takes actions such as mailing an administrator or restarting the process. Here's the (generalised) structure of their script, for a service running on port 8080 (in this case, Apache Tomcat): SERVICE=$(/usr/sbin/lsof -i tcp:8080 | wc -l); if [ $SERVICE != 0 ]; then exit 1; else #take action fi Seems simple enough even for someone with limited knowledge like me, except the exit 1; part seems odd. As I understand it, exit 0; closes a program and signifies to the parent that executed the program that everything is fine, exit n; where n0 and n<127 signifies that there has been some kind of error or problem. Here, their script seems to go against that rule - it calls exit 1; in the condition where everything is fine, and doesn't exit after taking remedial action in the problem condition. To me, this looks like a mistake - but my experience in this area is limited. Are there cases where calling exit 1; in the "Everything's fine, no action needed" condition is more appropriate than calling exit 0;? Or is it a mistake? Wider context is pretty simple. It's a Centos VPS, running Plesk. The script is being called by Cron via Plesk's "Scheduled tasks" Cron manager. There's no custom layer between Cron and this script that would respond in an unusual way to the exit call. It's a fairly average, almost out-of-the box Plesk-managed Centos VPS (in so far as there is such a thing). The process being monitored by this script is Apache Tomcat.

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• Dump SVN file revisions for a repository

  - by Michael Pliskin

  I need a script to go through my working copy and for each file and folder dump its SVN revision and whether it is modified or not. Anything working out of the box?.. Need both Windows and Mac versions.

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• linux shell utils: convert a list of hex to list of decimals

  - by osgx

  Hello How can I convert a file with a lot hex numbers into the decimal? Example: file1 0x59999 0x5acdc 0xffeff I want to start $ cat file1 | util | cat file2 and get file2 with smth like 1021489 1249230 3458080 (numbers in example output are random, as I cant convert so long hex to dec) Upd: perl : perl -pe '$_=hex;$_.="\n"'. Can anybody do it better? The real task is a sorting of hex numbers.

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• How can I include a line until # but without the # when parsing 'sources.list' with regex?

  - by stwissel

  I want to parse my sources.list to extract the list of repositories. I have: ## Some comment deb http://some.vendor.com/ubuntu precise stable deb-src http://some.vendor.com/ubuntu precise stable deb http://some.othervendor.com/ubuntu precise experimental # my current favorite I want: http://some.vendor.com/ubuntu precise stable http://some.othervendor.com/ubuntu precise experimental So I need: only lines with deb at the beginning and until the end of the line or a # character but excluding it. So far I have: grep -o "^deb .*" But how to match # or LineEnd and excluding the #?

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• How can I get the mount path of a USB device on OSX?

  - by xastor

  I have a backup script that backs up some data to a USB device. The problem I have is that OSX sometimes changes the expected mount path. For example if some file is locked under the expected mount path, OSX mounts it on another path. A USB device named 'BACKUP' can be mounted at /Volumes/BACKUP-1 instead of /Volumes/BACKUP. Is there a way to finding out the current mount path of a USB device in the OSX Terminal? Something like 'mount_path BACKUP' (command is fake) which would then return '/Volumes/BACKUP-1' or nothing if the device was not mounted?

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• How to rename multiple files by replacing word in file name geting from the shell script variables?

  - by fy6877

  This question like this thread. How to rename multiple files by replacing word in file name? My example is more complex than the above topic. The two variables are $name and $ newname getting from the shell script other location. $name and $ newname may have the unicode words or special symbles like []<?...etc,so could anyone help me to provide a method to add a part of script in shell scrit to solve file name replacing question. BTW,I try to type two kind of commands to change the part of file name, but it can't work. rename.ul '$name' '$newname' /home/fy6877/test/final/* ls /home/fy6877/test/final/|xargs -I$ rename.ul '$name' '$newname' $

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• How to print new line character with echo?

  - by Summer_More_More_Tea

  I dump a string with hexdump like this 2031 3334 2e30 0a32 2032 3331 302e 000a. It is clear that 0x0a is new line character, however, when I try to echo this string out, I always got 1 430.2 2 13.0 -- the new line is replaced with a space, even I use the -e flag. What may be the problem? Does the tailing \0 ruin the output? Is there any alternatives to print 0x0a a new line? Thanks and Best regards.

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• I/O redirection using cygwin and mingw

  - by KLee1

  I have written a program in C and have compiled it using MinGW. When I try to run that program in Cygwin, it seems to behave normally (i.e. prints correct output etc.) However, I'm trying to pipe output to a program so that I can parse information from the program's output. However, the piping does not seem to be working in that I am not getting any input into the second program. I have confirmed this by using the following commands: This command seems to work fine: ./prog Performing this command returns nothing: ./prog | cat This command verifies the first: ./prog | wc Which returns: 0 0 0 I know that the script (including the piping from the program) works perfectly fine in an all Linux environment. Does anyone have any idea for why the piping isn't working in Cygwin? Thanks!

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• How to get the PID of a process started by /bin/su -c

  - by crash3k

  I'm writing a init.d-script for an java-app. But the java-app should be run by another user. (The OS I'm using is Debian Squeeze.) I already got this: /bin/su - $USER - c "cd $PATH;echo $PASSWORD | $JAVA -Xmx256m -jar $PATH/app.jar -d > /dev/null" & PID=$! /bin/su - $USER - c "echo $PID > $PIDFILE" But this will of course only save the pid of the "/bin/su"-process instead of the pid of the created java-process.

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• Accidental Extract Location - How to Clean Up?

  - by Gordon

  Sometimes I will do a command such as unzip tons_of_files.zip And I will forget to put a -d to point to a subdirectory. This causes the current folder to get filled with tons of files that are intermixed with the existing files. What is the best way to remove all these new files and/or move them to a new directory? I want to avoid having to manually examine the directory and determine if the file was part of the archive or was already present.

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• Encoding with FFmpeg using a FIFO

  - by Ashot Martirosyan

  Hello everyone. I'm trying to convert Flac audio file to AAC file using command line. So I wrote this ffmpeg -i input.flac temp.wav faac -q 120 -o output.m4a temp.wav It's working fine. Now I want to do the same using fifo, so I'm writing this mkfifo temp.wav ffmpeg -i input.flac temp.wav & faac -q 120 -o output.m4a temp.wav And it's freezing. So could you tall me what I'm doing wrong. Thanks a lot, and sorry for my English.

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• Enter response once prompt returns?

  - by mjb

  It's neither a secure idea nor one I'd recommend elsewhere, but I have a situation when occasionally it takes a while for my Ansible ad-hoc command to respond. I'd love to pipe or args or whatever is needed to push the required text into the prompt so I can walk away and know it will finish. Ex: $ ansible all -m shell -a "reboot" --ask-pass Password: blah blah blah it worked I'd love to send an argument or << or something to get the password in. Is that possible?

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• Backup all plesk MySQL Databases to individual files

  - by Michael

  Hy, Because I'm new to shell scripting I need a hand. I currently backup all mydatabases to a single file, thing that makes the restore preaty hard. The second problem that my MySQL password dosen't work because of a Plesk bug and i get the password from "/etc/psa/.psa.shadow". Here is the code that I use to backup all my databases to a single file. mysqldump -uadmin -p`cat /etc/psa/.psa.shadow` --all-databases | bzip2 -c > /root/21.10.2013.sql.bz2 I found some scripts on the web that backup each database to individual files but I don't know how to make them work for my situation. Here is a example script: for db in $(mysql -e 'show databases' -s --skip-column-names); do mysqldump $db | gzip > "/backups/mysqldump-$(hostname)-$db-$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H.%M.%S).gz"; done Can someone help me make the script above work for my situation? Requirements: Backup each database to individual file using plesk password location.

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• How to run scripts within a telnet session?

  - by wenzi

  I want to connect to a remote host using telnet there is no username/password verification just telnet remotehost then I need to input some commands for initialization and then I need to repeat the following commands: cmd argument argument is read from a local file, in this file there are many lines, each line is a argument and after runing one "cmd argument", the remote host will output some results it may output a line with string "OK" or output many lines, one of which is with string "ERROR" and I need to do something according to the results. basically, the script is like: initialization_cmd #some initial comands while read line do cmd $line #here the remote host will output results, how can I put the results into a variable? # here I want to judge the results, like if $results contain "OK";then echo $line >>good_result_log else echo $line >> bad_result_log fi done < local_file the good_result_log and bad_result_log are local files is it possible or not? thanks! NOTE: I can't control B, I can only run initial cmds and cmd $line on B

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• Running 'dd' command at startup?

  - by Usman Ajmal

  Hi, I have set a script to run at Linux startup. The script contains a following line of code dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/sda5 ?> result.txt Now, when my Linux Desktop appear, result.txt contain dd: opening '/dev/sda2': Permission denied If I prefix the dd command with sudo as: sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/sda5 ?> result.txt the result.txt contains sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified Is there a way I can get around this problem? What I want is to copy 2nd parititon to 5th when a user logs in no matter if he is root, admin, Desktop or an unprivileged user. Thanks a lot as always.

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