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  • Too many TIME_WAIT state connections!

    - by Hamza
    I've been reading about this everywhere all day, and from what I've gathered, TIME_WAIT is a relatively harmless state. It's supposed to be harmless even when there's too many. But if they're jumping to the numbers I've been seeing for the past 24 hours, something is really wrong! [root@1 ~]# netstat -nat | awk '{print $6}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n 1 established) 1 Foreign 12 CLOSE_WAIT 15 LISTEN 64 LAST_ACK 201 FIN_WAIT2 334 CLOSING 605 ESTABLISHED 816 SYN_RECV 981 FIN_WAIT1 26830 TIME_WAIT That number fluctuates from 20,000 to 30,000+ (so far, the maximum I've seen it go is 32,000). What worries me is that they're all different IP addresses from all sorts of random locations. Now this is supposed to be (or was supposed to be) a DDoS attack. I know this for a fact, but I won't go into the boring details. It started out as a DDoS and it did impact my server's performance for a couple minutes. After that, everything was back to normal. My server load is normal. My internet traffic is normal. No server resource is being abused. My sites load fine. I also have IPTABLES disabled. There's an odd issue with that too. Every time I enable the firewall/iptables, my server starts experiencing packet loss. Lots of it. About 50%-60% packets are lost. It happens within an hour or within a few hours of enabling the firewall. As soon as I disable it, ping responses from all locations I test them from start clearing up and get stable again. Very strange. The TIME_WAIT state connections have been fluctuating at those numbers since yesterday. For 24 hours now, I've had that, and although it hasn't impacted performance in any way, it's disturbing enough. My current tcp_fin_timeout value is 30 seconds, from the default 60 seconds. However, that seems to not help, at all. Any ideas, suggestions? Anything at all would be appreciated, really!

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  • Hang while starting several daemons [solved]

    - by Adrian Lang
    I’m running a Debian Squeeze AMD64 server. Target runlevel after boot is runlevel 2, which includes rsyslogd, cron, sshd and some other stuff, but not dovecot, postfix, apache2, etc. The system fails to reach runlevel 2 with several symptoms: The system hangs at trying to start rsyslogd Booting into runlevel 1 works, then login from the console works Starting rsyslogd from runlevel 1 via /etc/init.d/rsyslog hangs Starting runlevel 2 with rsyslogd disabled works But then, logging in via console fails: I get the motd, and then nothing Starting sshd from runlevel 1 succeeds But then, I cannot login via ssh. Sometimes password ssh login gives me the motd and then nothing, sometimes not even this. Trying to offer a public key seems to annoy the sshd enough to not talk to me any further. When rebooting from runlevel 1, the server hangs at trying to stop apache2 (which is not running, so this really should be trivial). Trying to stop apache2 when logged in in runleve 1 does hang as well. And that’s just the stuff which fails all the time. RAM has been tested, dmesg shows no problems. I have no clue. Update: (shortened) output from rsyslogd -c4 -d called in runlevel 1 rsyslogd 4.6.4 startup, compatibility mode 4, module path '' caller requested object 'net', not found (iRet -3003) Requested to load module 'lmnet' loading module '/user/lib/rsyslog/lmnet.so' module of type 2 being loaded conf.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount 1 rsylog runtime initialized, version 4.6.4, current users 1 syslogd.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount now 2 I can kill rsyslogd with Strg+C, then. /var/log shows none of the configured log files, though. Update2: Thanks to @DerfK I still have no clue, but at least I narrowed down the problem. I’m now testing with /etc/init.d/apache2 stop (without an apache2 running, of course) which hangs as well and looks like an even more obvious failure. After some testing I found out that a file with one single line: /usr/sbin/apache2ctl configtest /dev/null 2&1 hangs, while the same line executed in an interactive shell works. I was not able to further reduce this line while, i. e. every single part, the stream redirections and the commando itself is necessary to reproduce the hang. @DerfK also pointed me to strace which gave a shallow hint about what kind of hang we have here: wait4(-1for the init scripts futex(0xsomepointer, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 2, NULL for rsyslogd / apache2 binaries called by the init scripts The system was installed as a Debian Lenny by my hoster in autumn 2011, I upgraded it to Squeeze immediately and kept it up to date with Squeeze, which then used to be testing. There were no big changes, though. I guess I never tried to reboot the system before. Update3: I found the problem. My /etc/nsswitch.conf specified ldap as hosts lookup backup, which is not available at that time of the boot. Relying on dns solely fixes my boot problems.

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  • Problem connecting to SSH in office network

    - by Jeune
    I have trouble connecting via SSH to a server whenever I am in the office. I get as far as being prompted for my password and then after that there's a long wait which always ends in a Write failed: Broken pipe This is only for connecting via SSH. I use svn to commit files to a repository hosted on the same server and there are no hitches. Furthermore, this only happens in our office. When I go the university or whenever I am at home or at the coffee shop I am able to connect seamlessly. There are no firewalls in our office. It's just a basic wireless router connected to a modem setup. It's the same setup I have at home and I guess the same setup in the coffee shop. What are the causes for a broken pipe and why does this phenomenon only happen when I try connect via SSH and not when I work with svn on the same server? Updated: Some debug logs after authentication: debug3: packet_send2: adding 48 (len 64 padlen 16 extra_pad 64) debug2: we sent a password packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug3: ssh_session2_open: channel_new: 0 debug2: channel 0: send open debug1: Entering interactive session. debug2: callback start debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1 debug1: Sending environment. debug3: Ignored env ORBIT_SOCKETDIR debug3: Ignored env SSH_AGENT_PID debug3: Ignored env TERM debug3: Ignored env SHELL debug3: Ignored env XDG_SESSION_COOKIE debug3: Ignored env WINDOWID debug3: Ignored env GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL debug3: Ignored env GTK_MODULES debug3: Ignored env USER debug3: Ignored env LS_COLORS debug3: Ignored env LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH debug3: Ignored env SSH_AUTH_SOCK debug3: Ignored env DEFAULTS_PATH debug3: Ignored env SESSION_MANAGER debug3: Ignored env USERNAME debug3: Ignored env XDG_CONFIG_DIRS debug3: Ignored env DESKTOP_SESSION debug3: Ignored env LIBGL_ALWAYS_INDIRECT debug3: Ignored env PATH debug3: Ignored env PWD debug3: Ignored env GDM_KEYBOARD_LAYOUT debug1: Sending env LANG = en_PH.utf8 debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0 debug3: Ignored env GNOME_KEYRING_PID debug3: Ignored env MANDATORY_PATH debug3: Ignored env GDM_LANG debug3: Ignored env GDMSESSION debug3: Ignored env SHLVL debug3: Ignored env HOME debug3: Ignored env GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID debug3: Ignored env LOGNAME debug3: Ignored env XDG_DATA_DIRS debug3: Ignored env DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS debug3: Ignored env LESSOPEN debug3: Ignored env WINDOWPATH debug3: Ignored env DISPLAY debug3: Ignored env LESSCLOSE debug3: Ignored env XAUTHORITY debug3: Ignored env COLORTERM debug3: Ignored env OLDPWD debug3: Ignored env _ debug2: channel 0: request shell confirm 1 debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY debug2: callback done debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768 UPDATE 2011-14-07: I am able to connect to the server via SSH now. I didn't do anything but that's because there is no one in the office but me! Having said that, is it possible that it has something to do with the number of sessions an SSH server can handle? UPDATE 2011-14-07: I try to login via SSH through Putty on another machine running windows together with my current SSH session in Ubuntu and now it seems my SSH session in Ubuntu has been dropped. I can't type into the terminal. Is Putty the culprit now?

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  • Deploying website content via Subversion

    - by Johann
    we have recently set up a new development infrastructure and process for one of our clients. This involves the strict use of subversion as a central source code repository. The svn repositories contains a seperate branch for code on the live system (/branches/live/). The repositories are use for PHP content (mainly Wordpress Blogs), but in future they may hold other asp code as well. Bonus points for a solutions which more or less in the same way with ASP code on Windows Server 2008 R2. We have two servers: one staging system and one live system. The staging system is updated regularly with the code of the trunk. The live system is update manually. Each webroot on the servers are working copy of either the trunk (staging system) or the live branch (live system). The current workflow is: Developing on the dev's box - commit into the trunk - auto-deploy on staging system - testing on the staging system - merging into /branches/live/ - manual deployment on live system. This works for one-way changes very well, however we have some troubles on every wordpress (or plugin) update: The WP update process removes the directories and unpack the archive of the new version. This removes the svn admin area as well, which produces a lot of errors. We could switch to SVN 1.7 with a single, global admin area, but this would only solve on part of the problem. Finally, we have done the update via the WP Gui, restored the svn admin area, added/removed the files and committed the changes to the trunk. After testing, we had to do basically the same thing on the live server (except the commit, we just reverted the changes and merged the new files from the staging system to the live system). I'm currently thinking of the following: The htdocs of each website is a svn export Each website has a svn working copy beside the htdocs directory a script which "replays" the changes in the wc from htdocs after an update in WP (rsync'ing the changed files to the working copy, rsync'ing new files and svn add them and finally svn delete the deleted files). The script would have to exclude some files (like wp-config.php, uploads/temp directories, etc.). Are there better ways to do this? Unfortunaly, a complete CI server is out of scope due to time and budget limitations.

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  • dd-wrt router firmware QoS troubleshooting

    - by Jeff Atwood
    I've been using the dd-wrt firmware on my router and I like it a lot! But -- I'm not sure the quality of service (QoS) is working on it. I have it set up as follows: http, port 80 -- Premium bittorrent, port 6969 -- Bulk https, port 443 -- Premium dns, port 53 -- Premium Per the QoS documentation, these levels are: bandwidth is allocated based on the following percentages of uplink and downlink values for each class: Exempt: 100mbps - ignores global limits. Premium: 75% - 100% Express: 15% - 100% Standard: 10% - 100% Bulk: 1.5% - 100% This doesn't entirely seem to work, though -- with busy torrents going I get major pauses in my web browsing which sucks! The QoS documentation gives some steps to check the QoS ... What you'll be interested to look at will be the first set of source and destination IP, including the port numbers. Next the presence of l7proto and the "mark" field. The entries indicate the current live connection QoS priority applied on them based on the "mark" field. The "mark" values correspond to the following Exempt: 100 Premium: 10 Express: 20 Standard: 30 Bulk: 40 (no QoS matched): 0 You may see "mark=0" for some l7proto service even though they are in configured in the list of QoS rules. This may mean that the layer 7 pattern matching system didn't match a new or changed header for that protocol. Custom service on port matches will usually take care of these. On port 6969 (bittorrent) I see a weird mixture of stuff with mark=0 and mark=40 like so cat /proc/net/ip_conntrack udp 17 105 src=98.162.182.42 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=64512 dport=6969 packets=3 bytes=290 src=10.0.0.2 dst=98.162.182.42 sport=6969 dport=64512 packets=4 bytes=202 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 117 TIME_WAIT src=98.248.173.174 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=51114 dport=6969 packets=12 bytes=704 src=10.0.0.2 dst=98.248.173.174 sport=6969 dport=51114 packets=10 bytes=440 [ASSURED] mark=40 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 598 ESTABLISHED src=165.132.128.201 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=57218 dport=6969 packets=8024 bytes=9919881 src=10.0.0.2 dst=165.132.128.201 sport=6969 dport=57218 packets=4211 bytes=239607 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 586 ESTABLISHED src=68.46.9.24 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=64688 dport=6969 packets=6 bytes=490 src=10.0.0.2 dst=68.46.9.24 sport=6969 dport=64688 packets=8 bytes=944 [ASSURED] mark=40 secmark=0 use=1 udp 17 45 src=222.254.228.38 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=25438 dport=6969 packets=5 bytes=454 src=10.0.0.2 dst=222.254.228.38 sport=6969 dport=25438 packets=3 bytes=154 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 ( full file visible at http://pastebin.com/AZE6EtWm ) I've been playing around with this log for a little while and I can't see any patterns! Why is some port 6969 bittorrent traffic tagged mark=0 (not matched) by dd-wrt's QoS while others are tagged mark=40 (Bulk) .. any ideas?

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  • Cisco ASA SSL VPN options?

    - by JonH
    Disclaimer: I am not a network admin so I may be wrong here but I thought asking here would help. I'm a developer mainly on the .net framework as well as helping get a mobile intranet app working. Because this app is only allowed to be used on our network I can easily run this app on our wireless network connection within our building. All is fine and dandy but we'd also like to be able to run this mobile app at say a customer plant using VPN software. I thought surely this could be easy as we exclusively use Samsung s4 phones so I thought I'd download Cisco's Samsung any connect software to allow us to VPN...its right on the play store. Sure enough it doesn't work. I mention it to our network admin who says not possible since we have old technology that doesn't support SSL. He mentions we'd have to upgrade all of our hardware, the firewall, etc. to get this to work. We really need VPN on our phones not only for this app but other internal apps, etc. He did mention the following: We can’t upgrade the software on our ASA, because we don’t have enough memory for the new version.  (the asa is very old).  We can’t add more memory, so we would have to get a new firewall, which I have been told I cannot do. In addition he also mentioned: The Samsung AnyConnect client uses SSL to connect.  With the current (old) version of software that our firewall is running, the SSL connections are unreliable.  We need different hardware in order to upgrade our firewall, which we are unable to attain at this time.  This is the same reason that Windows 8 clients are not able to connect. I am curious hence me asking. vpns seem to be fairly simple to setup. What other options do I have aside from making this a public site or web service that consumes this data over the internet as this is a complete no no. What can we do to make this work without that much effort or cost.

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  • Partition table corrupted (USB flash drive)

    - by 13ren
    It's an 8 GB Patriot thumb drive, which I've used extensively with lots of data. Today, it is detected, but all data is gone: (EDIT at least some data is still there, but the partition table is gone) EDIT @Sathya (thanks) here's the relevant output from sudo fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sdc: 8019 MB, 8019509248 bytes 247 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders Units = cylinders of 15314 * 512 = 7840768 bytes Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table It looks like it is /dev/sdc, with that 8 GB... and no partition table. I tried to mount /dev/sdc (and then dmesg | tail): /media> sudo mount /dev/sdc mytmp mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdc, missing codepage or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so /media> dmesg | tail [ 24.300000] sdc: unknown partition table [ 24.320000] sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sdc [ 24.370000] usb-storage: device scan complete [ 26.870000] EXT2-fs error (device sdc): ext2_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 1 not in group (block 0)! [ 26.870000] EXT2-fs: group descriptors corrupted! [ 50.420000] unhashed dentry being revalidated: .DCOPserver_eeepc-brendanma__0 [ 50.430000] unhashed dentry being revalidated: .DCOPserver_eeepc-brendanma__0 [ 50.430000] unhashed dentry being revalidated: .DCOPserver_eeepc-brendanma__0 [ 5565.470000] EXT2-fs error (device sdc): ext2_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 1 not in group (block 0)! [ 5565.470000] EXT2-fs: group descriptors corrupted! EDIT @Col: results from testdisk Disk /dev/sdc - 8013 MB / 7642 MiB - CHS 1022 247 62 Current partition structure: Partition Start End Size in sectors Partition sector doesn't have the endmark 0xAA55 After I hit [proceed], it says: Structure: Ok. Keys A: add partition, L: load backup, Enter: to continue The "Structure: Ok." seems reassuring... will "A: add partition" make my old data accessible (if it's still there), or will it make a new, fresh partition? Another option is "[ MBR Code ] Write TestDisk MBR code to first sector" - would it be better to do this? EDIT I found that at least some of my data is still on the flash drive, by using the below, and searching for English text in less (like " the "): cat /dev/sde | tr -cd '\11\12\40\1540-\176' | less (The drive changed from "/dev/sdb" to "/dev/sde" because I connected some extra drives today). I've learnt that "/dev/sde1" would be the first partition; and "/dev/sde" is the whole drive. Because unix treats these devices just like files, you can use all the ordinary unix file commands on them, like cat, and then process them like any other stream of data. The tr above removes non-printable characters ("\40" is space, which I wanted to preserve). In less, you can use "/" to search, similar to Vim. How can I get my data back (assuming it's still there)? If only the partition table is corrupted, is there a standard "partition recovery tool"? Is there a way to "repartition" without deleting everything?

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  • SSL certificate for Oracle Application Server 11g

    - by Easter Sunshine
    I was asked to get an SSL certificate for an "Oracle Application Server 11g" which has a soon-to-expire certificate. Brushing aside the fact that 10g seems to be the newest version, I got a certificate from InCommon, as I usually do without problem (except this is the first time I supplied Oracle Application Server 11g as the software type on the CSR form). On the email containing links to download the certificate, it mentioned: Certificate Details: SSL Type : InCommon SSL Server : OTHER I forwarded the email over to the person responsible for installing it and got a reply that the server type must be Oracle Application Server for the certificate to work (the CN is the same as before). They were unable to install this certificate (no details provided to me) and mentioned they had this issue previously with Thawte when they didn't supply Oracle Application Server as the server type. I don't see any significant difference between the currently installed certificate (working) and the new one I just got signed by InCommon (not working). $ openssl x509 -in sso-current.cer -text shows, with irrelevant information ommitted. Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption Issuer: C=ZA, ST=Western Cape, L=Cape Town, O=Thawte Consulting cc, OU=Certification Services Division, CN=Thawte Premium Server CA/[email protected] Validity Not Before: Oct 1 00:00:00 2009 GMT Not After : Nov 28 23:59:59 2012 GMT Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption Public-Key: (2048 bit) Modulus: Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical CA:FALSE X509v3 CRL Distribution Points: Full Name: URI:http://crl.thawte.com/ThawteServerPremiumCA.crl X509v3 Extended Key Usage: TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication Authority Information Access: OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.thawte.com Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption and $ openssl x509 -in sso-new.cer -text shows Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption Issuer: C=US, O=Internet2, OU=InCommon, CN=InCommon Server CA Validity Not Before: Nov 8 00:00:00 2012 GMT Not After : Nov 8 23:59:59 2014 GMT Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption Public-Key: (2048 bit) Modulus: Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: keyid:48:4F:5A:FA:2F:4A:9A:5E:E0:50:F3:6B:7B:55:A5:DE:F5:BE:34:5D X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 18:8D:F6:F5:87:4D:C4:08:7B:2B:3F:02:A1:C7:AC:6D:A7:90:93:02 X509v3 Key Usage: critical Digital Signature, Key Encipherment X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical CA:FALSE X509v3 Extended Key Usage: TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication X509v3 Certificate Policies: Policy: 1.3.6.1.4.1.5923.1.4.3.1.1 CPS: https://www.incommon.org/cert/repository/cps_ssl.pdf X509v3 CRL Distribution Points: Full Name: URI:http://crl.incommon.org/InCommonServerCA.crl Authority Information Access: CA Issuers - URI:http://cert.incommon.org/InCommonServerCA.crt OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.incommon.org Nothing jumps out at me as the reason one would not work so I don't have a specific request for the signer for what to do differently when re-signing.

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  • Intel RST accidentally selected wrong drive as system drive -- how to fix?

    - by Sean Killeen
    Question / TL;DR If Intel RST has marked a drive other than my RAID set as the system drive, how can I get it so that the RAID set is now seen as the system drive, and catch it up to my drive now? What Happened NOTE: Some perhaps unwise decisions are ahead. This is as best as I can recall the order of things. I had a 2x1TB RAID1 config. I bought the drives around the same time, and they started to die around the same time. I replaced 1st drive with a 2 TB drive before the other one's SMART errors got more serious. I waited for the RAID to replicate, then replaced the 2nd drive with a manufacturer's replacement. I got a second manufacturer's drive replacement and used it as a spare. so I now I had a 1TB/2TB drive in a RAID1 and another 1TB as a spare. The 1TB drive in the replacement set was bad from the manufacturer. Rather than mess with their refurbished stuff, I bought another 2 TB drive an upped the config to a 2x2TB RAID1 with the other, functioning manufacturer's drive as a spare. I made the mistake of trying to bring the other drive online to clean it out and the signatue clash killed my machine. When the machine rebooted, that drive was marked as the system drive. So, I have a 2x2TB RAID1 that is apparently offline, and 1 spare 1 TB refurbished drive that everything is being run from. Not a great idea. Options I'm considering Bring the 2x2TB drive back online, and then unplug the spare until I can format it in another system. This would involve some data loss, but the more I think about it, I actually think I haven't modified any data that isn't backed up or synced somewhere (go me!) Anything that isn't is likely trivial, enough that I'm willing to take the risk. One downside here is that if the 2 TB doesn't have data on it for some reason, I could be screwed trying to put the other drive back in, no? Try to somehow get the RAID1 updated with the data from the current system drive. Option 3?

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  • PCI-DSS compliance for business with only swipe terminals [migrated]

    - by rowatt
    I support the IT infrastructure for a small retail business which is now required to undergo a PCI-DSS assessment. The payment service and terminal provider (Streamline) has asked that we use Trustwave to do the PCI-DSS certification. The problem I face is that if I answer all questions and follow Trustwave's requirements to the letter, we will have to invest significantly in networking equipment to segment LANs and /or do internal vulnerability scanning, while at the same time Streamline assures me that the terminals we have (Verifone VX670-B and MagIC3 X-8) are secure, don't store any credit card information and are PCI-DSS compliant so by implication we don't need to take any action to ensure their network security. I'm looking for any suggestions as to how we can most easily meet the networking requirements for PCI-DSS. Some background on our current network setup: single wired LAN, also with WiFi turned on (though if this creates any PCI-DSS complexities we can turn it off). single Netgear ADSL router. This is the only firewall we have in place, and the firewall is out the box configuration (i.e. no DMZ, SNMP etc). Passwords have been changed though :-) a few windows PCs and 2 windows based tills, none of which ever see any credit card information at all. two swipe terminals. Until a few months ago (before we were told we had to be PCI-DSS certified) these terminals did auth/capture over the phone. Streamline suggested we moved to their IP Broadband service, which instead uses an SSL encrypted channel over the internet to do auth/capture, so we now use that service. We don't do any ecommerce or receive payments over the internet. All transactions are either cardholder present, or MOTO with details given over phone and typed direct into terminal. We're based in the UK. As I currently understand it we have three options in order to get PCI-DSS certification. segment our network so the POS terminals are isolated from all PCs, and set up internal vulnerability scanning on that network. don't segment the network, and have to do more internal scanning and have more onerous management of PCs than I think we need (for example, though the tills are Windows based, they are fully managed so I have no control over software update policies, anti virus etc). All PCs have anti virus (MSE) and windows updates automatically applied, but we don't have any centralised go back to auth/capture over phone lines. I can't imagine we are the first merchant to be in this situation. I'm looking for any recommendations a simple, cost effective way to be PCI-DSS compliant - either by doing 1 or 2 above with (hopefully) simple and inexpensive equipment/software, or any other ways if there's a better way to do this. Or... should we just go back to the digital stone age and do auth/capture over the phone, which means we don't need to do anything on our network to be PCI-DSS certified?

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  • PTR Record Troubles

    - by Physikal
    I am having a hell of a time getting our PTR record right. Our current PTR zone looks like this: $ttl 38400 @ IN SOA ns1.domain.com. admin.domain.com. ( 1268669139 10800 3600 604800 38400 ) xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa. IN NS ns2.domain.com. xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa. IN NS ns1.domain.com. 97 IN PTR mail.domain.com. xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR mail.domain.com. 97.96/28. IN PTR mail.domain.com For some reason the only thing that works is the 97.96/28. When this line is in there it actually says I have a PTR record when reporting from intodns.com. If I remove that line, it says I have no PTR. I have followed instructions from http://www.philchen.com/2007/04/04/configuring-reverse-dns and when I follow those instructions intodns.com says I have no PTR. When it does work with the line 97.96/28., the PTR kicks back as (from intodns.com) : 97.xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa -> mail.domain.com.xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa Which is, to my knowledge, an incorrect PTR. I want it to just kick back as mail.domain.com, without the xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa extension. I have tried everything I can think of but I can't fix it. I can't help but think it's one of those things that is so stupid and simple I'm going to do the ol'facepalm. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks! In the event that the domain zone is needed, here it is: $ttl 38400 @ IN SOA domain.com. [email protected]. ( 1265221037 10800 3600 604800 38400 ) domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx www.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ftp.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx m.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx localhost.domain.com. IN A 127.0.0.1 webmail.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx admin.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx mail.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx domain.com. IN MX 5 mail.domain.com. domain.com. IN TXT "v=spf1 a mx a:domain.com ip4:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ?all" domain.com. IN NS ns1 domain.com. IN NS ns2 ns1 IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ns2 IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Any double entries in different formats were part of my troubleshooting process.

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  • ruby on rails gitorious setup on ubuntu

    - by dogmatic69
    Ive been trying to install gitorious for a while now which required ruby and rails etc. Ive finally got rails pages serving but cant finish the installation of gitorious because the gem version is too new. the error logs say please run 'rake ultrasphinx:configure' and that gives rake ultrasphinx:configure (in /var/www/apps/gitorious) rake aborted! uninitialized constant ActiveSupport::Dependencies::Mutex /var/www/apps/gitorious/Rakefile:10:in `require' (See full trace by running task with --trace) From searching google this is beacuse of the wrong gem verison. Cant find a way to down grade it. apparently sudo gem update --system 1.4.2 should do the trick but ubuntu 10.10 does not like this. ERROR: While executing gem ... (RuntimeError) gem update --system is disabled on Debian, because it will overwrite the content of the rubygems Debian package, and might break your Debian system in subtle ways. The Debian-supported way to update rubygems is through apt-get, using Debian official repositories. If you really know what you are doing, you can still update rubygems by setting the REALLY_GEM_UPDATE_SYSTEM environment variable, but please remember that this is completely unsupported by Debian. So i added export REALLY_GEM_UPDATE_SYSTEM=1 to .bashrc and reloaded it with . ~/.bashrc and still the same. ive tried various forms of setting this environmental variable with no luck. Ive also been told on #gitorious irc channel to add the file config/initializers/rubygems.rb with the line require "thread" to it. This has done nothing. EDIT: Just found another way which was rvm install rubygems 1.4.2 and it gave: Removing old Rubygems files... Installing rubygems dedicated to ruby-1.8.7-p334... Retrieving rubygems-1.4.2 % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 288k 100 288k 0 0 282k 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 414k Extracting rubygems-1.4.2 ... Installing rubygems for /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p334/bin/ruby ERROR: Error running 'GEM_PATH="/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334:/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334@global:/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334@global" GEM_HOME="/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334" "/home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p334/bin/ruby" "/home/ubuntu/.rvm/src/rubygems-1.4.2/setup.rb"', please read /home/ubuntu/.rvm/log/ruby-1.8.7-p334/rubygems.install.log WARN: Installation of rubygems did not complete successfully. TL;DR please tell me how to downgrade rubygems on ubuntu 10.10 or upgrade gitorious to work with 1.6.2 gems

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  • iptables management tools for large scale environment

    - by womble
    The environment I'm operating in is a large-scale web hosting operation (several hundred servers under management, almost-all-public addressing, etc -- so anything that talks about managing ADSL links is unlikely to work well), and we're looking for something that will be comfortable managing both the core ruleset (around 12,000 entries in iptables at current count) plus the host-based rulesets we manage for customers. Our core router ruleset changes a few times a day, and the host-based rulesets would change maybe 50 times a month (across all the servers, so maybe one change per five servers per month). We're currently using filtergen (which is balls in general, and super-balls at our scale of operation), and I've used shorewall in the past at other jobs (which would be preferable to filtergen, but I figure there's got to be something out there that's better than that). The "musts" we've come up with for any replacement system are: Must generate a ruleset fairly quickly (a filtergen run on our ruleset takes 15-20 minutes; this is just insane) -- this is related to the next point: Must generate an iptables-restore style file and load that in one hit, not call iptables for every rule insert Must not take down the firewall for an extended period while the ruleset reloads (again, this is a consequence of the above point) Must support IPv6 (we aren't deploying anything new that isn't IPv6 compatible) Must be DFSG-free Must use plain-text configuration files (as we run everything through revision control, and using standard Unix text-manipulation tools are our SOP) Must support both RedHat and Debian (packaged preferred, but at the very least mustn't be overtly hostile to either distro's standards) Must support the ability to run arbitrary iptables commands to support features that aren't part of the system's "native language" Anything that doesn't meet all these criteria will not be considered. The following are our "nice to haves": Should support config file "fragments" (that is, you can drop a pile of files in a directory and say to the firewall "include everything in this directory in the ruleset"; we use configuration management extensively and would like to use this feature to provide service-specific rules automatically) Should support raw tables Should allow you to specify particular ICMP in both incoming packets and REJECT rules Should gracefully support hostnames that resolve to more than one IP address (we've been caught by this one a few times with filtergen; it's a rather royal pain in the butt) The more optional/weird iptables features that the tool supports (either natively or via existing or easily-writable plugins) the better. We use strange features of iptables now and then, and the more of those that "just work", the better for everyone.

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  • Mercurial not receiving push

    - by Jeffrey04
    I have a mercurial web-frontend (hgwebdir.cgi) installed on a server, and an installation of nginx was installed in front of it as a reverse proxy to the web-frontend as my friend suggested. However, whenever a large changeset is pushed (via a script), it would fail. I found an issue ticket @google-code that describe similar problem, and there is a solution that says (#39) So the server side answer is: don't send the 401 back early. Be as slow/dumb as 'hg serve' and make the hg client send the bundle twice. How do I do that? My current nginx config location /repo/testdomain.com { rewrite ^(.*) http://bpj.kkr.gov.my$1/hgwebdir.cgi; } location /repo/testdomain.com/ { rewrite ^(.*) http://bpj.kkr.gov.my$1hgwebdir.cgi; } location /repo/testdomain.com/hgwebdir.cgi { proxy_pass http://localhost:81/repo/testdomain.com/hgwebdir.cgi; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_buffering on; client_max_body_size 4096M; proxy_read_timeout 30000; proxy_send_timeout 30000; } From the access log we keep seeing 408 entries incoming.ip.address - - [18/Nov/2009:08:29:31 +0800] "POST /repo/testdomain.com/hgwebdir.cgi/example_repository?cmd=unbundle&heads=73121b2b6159afc47cc3a028060902883d5b1e74 HTTP/1.1" 408 0 "-" "mercurial/proto-1.0" incoming.ip.address - - [18/Nov/2009:08:37:14 +0800] "POST /repo/testdomain.com/hgwebdir.cgi/example_repository?cmd=unbundle&heads=73121b2b6159afc47cc3a028060902883d5b1e74 HTTP/1.1" 408 0 "-" "mercurial/proto-1.0" Is there anything else I can do on the server because solving it on the server side is preferable :/ Further Findings Bitbucket seems to have this solved ( Check liquidhg bitbucket project and the Diagnosis wiki page ) on the server side, can't find the config anywhere though :/ What happens next varies depending on your server. Some servers refuse the BODY, simplying closing the pipe from the client and causing Mercurial to fail. Some, like Apache (at least the way I configure it, and that could be part of the problem) and nginx (they way BitBucket.org configures it), accept the BODY, though it may take a few retries. Bottom line: if Mercurial doesn't fail the push, it sends the changeset data at least once to a server that has already told it it lacks credentials (more on this at Blame). Assuming Mercurial is still running, it resends the "unbundle" request and data, this time with authentication. Finally, Apache accepts the data successfully. Nginx, OTOH, at least under BitBucket's configuration, seems to reassemble the previous body (the one that lacked authentication) and somehow keep Mercurial from re-sending the whole body.

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  • Unecrypted Image of Truecrypt-Encrypted System Partition

    - by Dexter
    The general tenor around the internet seems to be that you can't create images of system partitions that have been encrypted (with truecrypt) other than with dd or similar sector-by-sector copy tools. These files however are very impractical given their size (and are obviously incompressible) which makes keeping multiple states/backups of your system partition rather expensive (..especially considering current hdd prices). The problem is that backup tools (like Acronis True Image, Clonezilla, etc.) won't give you the option to create an image of (mounted/opened) Truecrypt partitions, or that there is no recovery environment for restoring the backup, that would allow to run truecrypt before doing any actual restoring. After some trial and error however, I believe I have found a very simple way. Since Truecrypt (running in Linux) creates a virtual block device, that it uses for mounting the unencrypted partitions into the file system, partclone can be used for creating/restoring images. What I did: boot up a linux live disk mount/open the drive/device/partition in truecrypt unmount the filesystem mount point again, like so: umount /media/truecryptX ("X" being the partition number assigend by truecrypt) use partclone (this is what clonezilla would do too, except that clonezilla only offers you to back up real drive partitions, not virtual block devices): partclone.ntfs -c -s /dev/mapper/truecryptX -o nameOfBackupFile for restoring steps 1-3 remain the same, and step 4 is partclone.ntfs -r -s nameOfBackupFile -o /dev/mapper/truecryptX A backup and test-restore of the system (with this method) seems to have worked fine (and the changed settings were reverted to the backup-state). The backup file is ~40 GB (and compressible down to <8GB with 7zip/LZMA2 on the "fast" setting). I can't quite believe that I'm the only one that wants to create images of encrypted drives, but doesn't want to waste 100GB on the backup of one single system state. So my question now is, given how simple this was, and that no one seems to mention anywhere that this is possible - did I miss something? or did I do something wrong? Is there any situation that I didn't think of where this method will fail? Obviously, the backup file needs to be stored in some other encrypted place in order to still remain confidential, since it is unencrypted. Also, in order to do a full "bare metal" restore, one would have to actually first (re-)install Windows, encrypt it, and only then restore the backup file. The funny thing however is that you won't need to backup any partition tables, etc. since the reinstall will effectively take care of that. Is there anything else? This is imho still a lot better than having sector-by-sector images..

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  • Apache Alias subfolder and starting with dot

    - by MauricioOtta
    I have a multi purpose server running ArchLinux that currently serves multiple virtual hosts from /var/www/domains/EXAMPLE.COM/html /var/www/domains/EXAMPLE2.COM/html I deploy those websites (mostly using Kohana framework) using a Jenkins job by checking out the project, removes the .git folder and ssh-copy the tar.gz to /var/www/domains/ on the server and untars it. Since I don't want to have to re-install phpMyAdmin after each deploy, I decided to use an alias. I would like the alias to be something like /.tools/phpMyAdmin/ so I could have more "tools" later if I wanted to. I have tried just changing the default httpd-phpmyadmin.conf that was installed by following the official WIKI: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Phpmyadmin Alias /.tools/phpMyAdmin/ "/usr/share/webapps/phpMyAdmin" <Directory "/usr/share/webapps/phpMyAdmin"> AllowOverride All Options FollowSymlinks Order allow,deny Allow from all php_admin_value open_basedir "/var/www/:/tmp/:/usr/share/webapps/:/etc/webapps:/usr/share/pear/" </Directory> Changing only that, doesn't seem to work with my current setup on the server, and apache forwards the request to the framework which 404s (as there's no route to handle /.tools/phpAdmin). I have Mass Virtual hosting enable and setup like this: # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:8000 # get the server name from the Host: header UseCanonicalName On # splittable logs LogFormat "%{Host}i %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b" vcommon CustomLog logs/access_log vcommon <Directory /var/www/domains> # ExecCGI is needed here because we can't force # CGI execution in the way that ScriptAlias does Options FollowSymLinks ExecCGI AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> RewriteEngine On # a ServerName derived from a Host: header may be any case at all RewriteMap lowercase int:tolower ## deal with normal documents first: # allow Alias /icons/ to work - repeat for other aliases RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/icons/ # allow CGIs to work RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/cgi-bin/ # do the magic RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} ^(www\.|)(.*) RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /var/www/domains/${lowercase:%2}/html/$1 ## and now deal with CGIs - we have to force a MIME type RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/cgi-bin/ RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /var/www/domains/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/cgi-bin/$1 [T=application/x-httpd-cgi] There is also nginx running on this server on port 80 as a reverse proxy for Apache: location ~ \.php$ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000; } Everything else was setup by following the official WIKI so I don't think those would cause trouble. Do I need to have the alias for phpMyAdmin setup along the mass virtual hosting or can it be in a separate include file for that alias to work?

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  • ASA and cisco vs NSA sonic firewall

    - by Lbaker101
    Currently I’m trying to structure our network to fully support and be redundant with BGP/Multi homing. Our current company size is 40 employees but the major part of that is our Development department. We are a software company and continued connection to the internet is a requirement as 90% of work stops when the net goes down. The only thing hosted on site (that needs to remain up) is our exchange server. Right now i'm faced with 2 different directions and was wondering if I could get your opinions on this. We will have 2 ISPs that are both 20meg up/down and dedicated fiber (so 40megs combined). This is handed off as an Ethernet cable into our server room. ISP#1 first digital ISP#2 CenturyLink we currently have 2x ASA5505s but the 2nd one is not in use. It was there to be a failover and it just needs the security+ license to be matched with the primary device. But this depends on the network structure. I have been looking into the hardware that would be required to be fully redundant and I found that we will either of the following. 2x Cisco 2921+ series routers with failover licenses. They will go in front of the ASAs and either connects in a failover state or 1 ISP into each of the 2921 series routers and then 1 line into each of the ASAs (thus all 4 hardware components will be used actively). So 2x Cisco 2921+ series routers 2x Cisco ASA5505 firewalls The other route 2x SonicWalls NSA2400MX series. 1 primary and the secondary will be in a failover state. This will remove the ASAs from the network and be about 2k cheaper than the cisco route. This also brings down the points of failure because it’s just the 2x sonicwalls It will also allow us to scale all the way up to 200-400 users (depending on their configuration). This also makes so the Sonic walls. So the real question is with the added functionality ect of the sonicwall is there a point in paying so much more to stay the cisco route? Thanks!

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  • Why does unpartitioned Hitachi HDS5C3020 drive start consuming 50% more power 15 minutes after boot?

    - by Pro Backup
    In a Debian 6.0.6 system there are 74 pieces of 2TB Toshiba DT01ABA200 drives. These drives are identified as Hitachi HDS5C3020BLE630 drives running firmware revision MZ4OAAB0. 64 Drives attached via HP SAS expander cards to an LSI 2008 SAS controller, another 5 drives are connected directly to the mainboard, 4 drives are connected to a Sil based PCI controller and last 1 drive is only powered and has no data cable connected. The controller LSI and Sil card's their onboard BIOS are both disabled and the mpt2sas and sata_sil modules are removed from the Linux debian 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 10:07:46 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux kernel. The mpt2sas module is loaded after boot using a modprobe command in /etc/rc.local. These 74 drives are not partitioned, neither formatted and also not mounted. The system consumes: with 0 drives: 70.6 - 70.9 Watt (also 15 minutes after boot); with 74 drives: 330 - 360 Watt, just after boot (is equivalent to 3.5 - 3.9W per drive in idle state); with 74 drives: 420 - 466 Watt, each time in the 15th minute of uptime (is equivalent to 4.7 - 5.3W per drive in idle state). The drive specification lists 4.7W as read/write, and 3.3W as idle power consumption. The increased power consumption is most likely on the 5V line, because after roughly 1 minute an "over current protection" (OCP) of the power supply (PSU) shuts down the power. The used PSU is a single rail model with an OCP of 122A on the 12V line and 55A on the 5V line. Regression: It doesn't matter whether the drive its APM value is set to disabled or 1 (maximum power saving). The operating system records no read/write activity in /proc/diskstats. The values there are identical (28 read, 0 write operations) as immediately after the modprobe operation. Can't test what happens when booting into the mainboard it's BIOS - to exclude any OS intervention - because the Super Micro X8SI6-F mainboard running firmware 06/27/12 has a bug that incorrectly reads a +74.0 C CPU sensor temperature as "High" in BIOS mode, and shuts down the power after 1 minute. What might be causing the drive read/write activity on all drives in the 15th minute after boot and how to prevent it from happening?

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  • DCHP and Router load testing

    - by John H
    I manage a campground wifi network with an average of 10 - 60 active users. I have encountered issues where the router starts acting flaky (failing to assign DHCP or failing to pass traffic) without any clear warning (low cpu utilization, etc). I upgraded the router a couple times and ended up with a Netgear ProSafe VPN router that seems to be handling the traffic. The interesting thing is that the Netgear has lower specs than the Buffalo router it replaced, indicating the issue is with the DD-WRT firmware. While I'll be pursuing this issue on the dd-wrt forums, I need a way to test routers. My vision is having 1-2 computers connected on the LAN side and 1-2 computers connected on the WAN side. I want the LAN computers to be generating various type of traffic and connections, as well as requesting DCHP addresses. A few notes: The wireless aspect should be a non-issue. Most clients would connect to a wireless bridge and come into the router through a network cable. I had a monitoring server with Nagios running check_dhcp against the router. This server was connected directly by a network cable, eliminating wifi bridges and other devices from the equation. This question is somewhat related, but not exactly: Load testing wireless LANs I am going to look at IxChariot. While I'd ideally like to use a 1 computer on each side running Linux and preferably free software, I can entertain running Windows, multiple computers, or non-free software. Total bandwidth doesn't seem to be the issue. I can transfer large files all day. Even on the busiest days, the users seemed to only pull ~5Mbps. There is very little "LAN to LAN traffic" and most of it might never have reached the main router. The issue I need to test for seems to be tied to active users, or more appropriately, active sessions. I know active users or active clients is a meaningless term from a router standpoint and wouldn't mind having more appropriate terms to use. Summary: I need a way to test a routers ability in handling traffic from a large number of clients. My current strategy is to purchase a router, deploy it, and see how it fails in the live environment.

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  • Impact of the L3 cache on performance - worth a dual-processor system?

    - by Dan Nissenbaum
    I will be purchasing a new high-end system, and I would like to have a better sense of whether a dual-processor Xeon system (I am looking at the new, high-end Xeon E5-2687W) might, realistically, provide a noticeable performance improvement due to the doubling of the L3 cache (20 MB per CPU). (This is in addition to the occasional added advantage due to the doubling of cores and RAM.) My usage scenario is, roughly, that I have many background applications running at any time - 3 or 4 data compression/backup applications, a low-impact web server, one or two virtual machines at any given time (usually fairly idle), and perhaps 20 utility programs that utilize a noticeable (but small) portion of the CPU cores. In total, when I am not actively using the computer, about 25% of the total CPU power is utilized in my current i7-970 6-core (12 thread) system. When I am doing routine work, the CPU utilization often exceeds 50%, and occasionally hits 75%-80%. The Xeon E5-2687W is not only a second-generation i7 (so should improve performance for that reason), but also has 8 cores (16 threads), rather than 6 cores. For this reason, I expect to run into the 75% CPU range even less frequently. Nonetheless, the ability to double the cores and the RAM is a consideration. However, in the end, I believe this decision comes down to whether the doubling of the L3 cache will provide a noticeable improvement. There are many benchmarks, and a lot of discussion, regarding CPU power. However, I find very little discussion of L3 cache utilization, and how increases in the L3 cache (such as doubling it with dual processors) affect performance. For example: If there are only two processes running, but each benefits from a large L3 cache (such as might be the case for background processes that frequently scan the file system), perhaps the overall system performance might noticeably improve with dual CPU's - even if only a single core is active on each CPU - due to each process having double the effective L3 cache. I am hoping that someone has a sense of the benefits of increasing (or doubling) the L3 cache size. Note: the CPU I am considering (the Xeon E5-2687W) has 20 MB L3 cache, so a system with dual CPU's would have 40 MB L3 cache.

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  • Corosync :: Restarting some resources after Lan connectivity issue

    - by moebius_eye
    I am currently looking into corosync to build a two-node cluster. So, I've got it working fine, and it does what I want to do, which is: Lost connectivity between the two nodes gives the first node '10node' both Failover Wan IPs. (aka resources WanCluster100 and WanCluster101 ) '11node' does nothing. He "thinks" he still has his Failover Wan IP. (aka WanCluster101) But it doesn't do this: '11node' should restart the WanCluster101 resource when the connectivity with the other node is back. This is to prevent a condition where node10 simply dies (and thus does not get 11node's Failover Wan IP), resulting in a situation where none of the nodes have 10node's failover IP because 10node is down 11node has "given back" his failover Wan IP. Here's the current configuration I'm working on. node 10sch \ attributes standby="off" node 11sch \ attributes standby="off" primitive LanCluster100 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="172.25.0.100" cidr_netmask="32" nic="eth3" \ op monitor interval="10s" \ meta is-managed="true" target-role="Started" primitive LanCluster101 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="172.25.0.101" cidr_netmask="32" nic="eth3" \ op monitor interval="10s" \ meta is-managed="true" target-role="Started" primitive Ping100 ocf:pacemaker:ping \ params host_list="192.0.2.1" multiplier="500" dampen="15s" \ op monitor interval="5s" \ meta target-role="Started" primitive Ping101 ocf:pacemaker:ping \ params host_list="192.0.2.1" multiplier="500" dampen="15s" \ op monitor interval="5s" \ meta target-role="Started" primitive WanCluster100 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="192.0.2.100" cidr_netmask="32" nic="eth2" \ op monitor interval="10s" \ meta target-role="Started" primitive WanCluster101 ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="192.0.2.101" cidr_netmask="32" nic="eth2" \ op monitor interval="10s" \ meta target-role="Started" primitive Website0 ocf:heartbeat:apache \ params configfile="/etc/apache2/apache2.conf" options="-DSSL" \ operations $id="Website-one" \ op start interval="0" timeout="40" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="60" \ op monitor interval="10" timeout="120" start-delay="0" statusurl="http://127.0.0.1/server-status/" \ meta target-role="Started" primitive Website1 ocf:heartbeat:apache \ params configfile="/etc/apache2/apache2.conf.1" options="-DSSL" \ operations $id="Website-two" \ op start interval="0" timeout="40" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="60" \ op monitor interval="10" timeout="120" start-delay="0" statusurl="http://127.0.0.1/server-status/" \ meta target-role="Started" group All100 WanCluster100 LanCluster100 group All101 WanCluster101 LanCluster101 location AlwaysPing100WithNode10 Ping100 \ rule $id="AlWaysPing100WithNode10-rule" inf: #uname eq 10sch location AlwaysPing101WithNode11 Ping101 \ rule $id="AlWaysPing101WithNode11-rule" inf: #uname eq 11sch location NeverLan100WithNode11 LanCluster100 \ rule $id="RAND1083308" -inf: #uname eq 11sch location NeverPing100WithNode11 Ping100 \ rule $id="NeverPing100WithNode11-rule" -inf: #uname eq 11sch location NeverPing101WithNode10 Ping101 \ rule $id="NeverPing101WithNode10-rule" -inf: #uname eq 10sch location Website0NeedsConnectivity Website0 \ rule $id="Website0NeedsConnectivity-rule" -inf: not_defined pingd or pingd lte 0 location Website1NeedsConnectivity Website1 \ rule $id="Website1NeedsConnectivity-rule" -inf: not_defined pingd or pingd lte 0 colocation Never -inf: LanCluster101 LanCluster100 colocation Never2 -inf: WanCluster100 LanCluster101 colocation NeverBothWebsitesTogether -inf: Website0 Website1 property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \ dc-version="1.1.7-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff" \ cluster-infrastructure="openais" \ expected-quorum-votes="2" \ no-quorum-policy="ignore" \ stonith-enabled="false" \ last-lrm-refresh="1408954702" \ maintenance-mode="false" rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" \ resource-stickiness="100" \ migration-threshold="3" I also have a less important question concerning this line: colocation NeverBothLans -inf: LanCluster101 LanCluster100 How do I tell it that this collocation only applies to '11node'.

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  • Backing up data stored on Amazon S3

    - by Fiver
    I have an EC2 instance running a web server that stores users' uploaded files to S3. The files are written once and never change, but are retrieved occasionally by the users. We will likely accumulate somewhere around 200-500GB of data per year. We would like to ensure this data is safe, particularly from accidental deletions and would like to be able to restore files that were deleted regardless of the reason. I have read about the versioning feature for S3 buckets, but I cannot seem to find if recovery is possible for files with no modification history. See the AWS docs here on versioning: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/ObjectVersioning.html In those examples, they don't show the scenario where data is uploaded, but never modified, and then deleted. Are files deleted in this scenario recoverable? Then, we thought we may just backup the S3 files to Glacier using object lifecycle management: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/object-lifecycle-mgmt.html But, it seems this will not work for us, as the file object is not copied to Glacier but moved to Glacier (more accurately it seems it is an object attribute that is changed, but anyway...). So it seems there is no direct way to backup S3 data, and transferring the data from S3 to local servers may be time-consuming and may incur significant transfer costs over time. Finally, we thought we would create a new bucket every month to serve as a monthly full backup, and copy the original bucket's data to the new one on Day 1. Then using something like duplicity (http://duplicity.nongnu.org/) we would synchronize the backup bucket every night. At the end of the month we would put the backup bucket's contents in Glacier storage, and create a new backup bucket using a new, current copy of the original bucket...and repeat this process. This seems like it would work and minimize the storage / transfer costs, but I'm not sure if duplicity allows bucket-to-bucket transfers directly without bringing data down to the controlling client first. So, I guess there are a couple questions here. First, does S3 versioning allow recovery of files that were never modified? Is there some way to "copy" files from S3 to Glacier that I have missed? Can duplicity or any other tool transfer files between S3 buckets directly to avoid transfer costs? Finally, am I way off the mark in my approach to backing up S3 data? Thanks in advance for any insight you could provide!

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  • System Reserved partition no longer marked as System

    - by Mark
    I recently posted a question to Super User about accidentally marking my external HDD's partition as Active and how I could undo my accidental mistake. I followed the instructions provided and they worked fine. This involved some command line magic and from what I understand, I did not have to really do this, but I just wanted to get things back to how they were originally. After making the fix things went back to normal in disk management. After I restarted my computer though i had an issue: BOOTMGR is missing Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart Rugh roh! I brought my laptop to work so I could search for a solution on my work computer and I found a nice guide on fixing the issue. To summarize the instructions, I had to reboot with my Windows 7 install disc and click the Repair button. Once there I could then repair the start-up options. One of the commenters on the site claimed you need to do this twice, as the first time the "repair" doesn't actually fix it. I found this to be true as well. I tried to repair it and it did some work, then rebooted. I then got the same error again. I booted from the CD again and repaired the start-up options then after this second time Windows started to boot up. Before the restart I got a nice info window telling me that it did make repairs to the boot info (this was promising). I've been using Windows 7 for a few days now with no problem, but I just recently noticed that I now can see the System Reserved partition in Computer: (click for full size) I immediately went to disk management to see what was up. I noticed that my System Reserved partition is no longer marked as System and instead I believe the repair operation made my C: drive the system partition. I'm not fully aware of what the System partition really is but I briefly read that its a Windows 7 thing that gets created on install of Win7 that writes some BitLocker encryption stuff to a isolated partition as well as some boot files. (click for full size) How can I undo this and make the System Partition marked as System instead of my OS C: partition? How can I make it so that I don't see this partition in Computer (I believe fixing #1 will fix this) What are the implications of what the current state is and the fact that I can now browse into this new partition? Thanks in advance.

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  • Can't save screen resolution setting.

    - by Searock
    Hi, My screen resolution in windows and previous version of Ubuntu (9.04) was 1152 x 864. But in Ubuntu 10.04 it gives me an option of 1024 x 786 and 1360 x 786. I have some how managed to add 1152x684 resolution by using xrandr command. searock@searock-desktop:~$ cvt 1152 864 1152x864 59.96 Hz (CVT 1.00M3) hsync: 53.78 kHz; pclk: 81.75 MHz Modeline "1152x864_60.00" 81.75 1152 1216 1336 1520 864 867 871 897 -hsync +vsync searock@searock-desktop:~$ xrandr --newmode "1152x864_60.00" 81.75 1152 1216 1336 1520 864 867 871 897 -hsync +vsync searock@searock-desktop:~$ xrandr --addmode S-video 1152x864 xrandr: cannot find output "S-video" searock@searock-desktop:~$ xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1024 x 768, maximum 4096 x 4096 VGA1 connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm 1360x768 59.8 1024x768 60.0* 800x600 60.3 56.2 848x480 60.0 640x480 59.9 59.9 1152x864_60.00 (0x124) 81.0MHz h: width 1152 start 1216 end 1336 total 1520 skew 0 clock 53.3KHz v: height 864 start 867 end 871 total 897 clock 59.4Hz searock@searock-desktop:~$ xrandr --addmode VGA1 1152x864_60.00 But the problem is when ever I restart my computer I get this message. Could not apply the stored configuration for the monitors. Could not find a suitable configuration of screens. And then it comes back to 1024 x 786 My graphic card details : Intel(R) 82945G Express Chipset Family. Is there any way I can fix this once for all ? Thanks. Edit 1 : rumtscho has suggested me to modify xorg.conf file. But I am not sure what HorizSync means? is it Horizontal frequency ? My monitor model is Acer v173. Here's my specification. So what should be HorizSync and VertRefresh ? Edit 2 : I have edited my Xorg.conf file as follows : Section "Monitor" Identifier "Configured Monitor" HorizSync 30-80 VertRefresh 55-75 EndSection then I added the resolution and restarted my computer and still I am facing the same problem. Is there something that I am missing? Edit 3 : For now I have edited /etc/gdm/Init/Default(gdm startup scripts) to include following xrandr commands, just below line initctl -q emit login-session-start DISPLAY_MANAGER=gdm xrandr --newmode "1152x864_60.00" 81.75 1152 1216 1336 1520 864 867 871 897 -hsync +vsync xrandr --addmode VGA1 1152x864_60.00<br/> xrandr -s 1152x864_60.00 This has solved my problem, but this commands have increased my computer's boot time. I think I will have to edit xorg file properly. Edit 4 : Instead of adding this files to gdm startup scripts I have created a shell script and added it to startup (System - Preference - Startup Applications) #!/bin/bash xrandr --newmode "1152x864_60.00" 81.75 1152 1216 1336 1520 864 867 871 897 -hsync +vsync xrandr --addmode VGA1 1152x864_60.00 xrandr -s 1152x864_60.00 And don't forget to add execution rights. (Right Click - Properties - Permission - Allow executing file as program)

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  • Kernel-mode Authentication: 401 errors when accessing site from remote machines

    - by CJM
    I have several Classic ASP sites that use Integrated Windows Authentication and Kerberos delegation. They work OK on the live servers (recently moved to a Server 2008/IIS7 servers), but do not work fully on my development PC or my development server. The IIS on both machines were configured through an IIS web deployment tool package which was exported from an old machine; the deployment didn't work perfectly, and I had to tinker a bit to get the sites working. When accessing the apps locally on either machine, they work fine; when accessing from another machine, the user is prompted by a username/password dialog, and regardless of what you enter, ultimately it results in a 401 (Unauthorised) error. I've tried comparing the configuration of these machines against similar live servers (that all work fine), and they seem generally comparable (given that none of the live servers are yet on IIS7.5 (Windows 7/Server 2008 R2). These applications run in a common application pool which uses a special domain user as it's identity - this user has similar permissions on the live and development machines. On IIS6 platforms, to enable kerberos delegation, I needed to set up some SPNs for this user, and they are still in place (even though I don't believe they are needed any longer for IIS7+ due to kernel-mode authentication), Furthermore, this account is enabled for Kerberos delegation in Active Directory, as is each machine I am dealing with. I'm considering the possibility that the deployment might have made changes/failed to make changes to the IIS configuration thus causing this problem. Perhaps a complete rebuild (minus another web deployment attempt) would solve the problem, but I'd rather fix (thus understand) the current problem. Any ideas so far? I've just had another attempt at fixing this issue, and I've made some progress, but I don't have a complete fix...yet. I've discovered that if I access the sites via IP address (than via NetBIOS name), I get the same dialog, except that it accepts my credentials and thus the application works - not quite a fix, but a useful step. More interestingly, I discovered that if I disable Kernel-mode authentication (in IIS Manager Website Authentication Advanced Settings), the applications work perfectly. My foggy understanding is that this is effectively working in the pre-IIS7 way. A reasonable short-term solution, but consider the following explicit advice from IIS on this issue: By default, IIS enables kernel-mode authentication, which may improve authentication performance and prevent authentication problems with application pools configured to use a custom identity. As a best practice, do not disable this setting if Kerberos authentication is used in your environment and the application pool is configured to use a custom identity. Clearly, this is not the way my applications should be working. So what is the issue?

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