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  • How can one describe a rock-paper-scissors relationship between 3 items?

    - by Madara Uchiha
    Let's say I have the following structure: abstract class Hand {} class Rock extends Hand {} class Paper extends Hand {} class Scissors extends Hand {} The goal is to make a function (or a method) Hand::compareHands(Hand $hand1, Hand $hand2), which would return the winning hand in a rock-paper-scissors match. That would be very easy with a bunch of ifs, but the point is to have a more robust structure, that's relying on polymorphism rather than on procedural code. P.S. this is done in actual production code, if someone is asking. This isn't some sort of challenge or homework. (It's not really rock-paper-scissors, but you get the point).

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  • Remove short tag in html 4 validation in aspx

    - by iPhone Fun
    hi all, I am new to HTML 4 validations, in that if I put HEAD runat="server" tag I am getting this error - Error Line 6, Column 82: character data is not allowed here …lesheet" type="text/css" media="all" / In the head tag I have called css files. So if any one know about thin can help me,how to solve this error? Thanks in advance.

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  • C# wrapper for objects

    - by Haggai
    I'm looking for a way to create a generic wrapper for any object. The wrapper object will behave just like the class it wraps, but will be able to have more properties, variable, methods etc., for e.g. object counting, caching etc. Say the wrapper class be called Wrapper, and the class to be wrapped be called Square and has the constructor Square(double edge_len) and the properties/methods EdgeLength and Area, I would like to use it as follows: Wrapper<Square> mySquare = new Wrapper<Square>(2.5); /* or */ new Square(2.5); Console.Write("Edge {0} -> Area {1}", mySquare.EdgeLength, mySquare.Area); Obviously I can create such a wrapper class for each class I want to wrap, but I'm looking for a general solution, i.e. Wrapper<T> which can handle both primitive and compound types (although in my current situation I would be happy with just wrapping my own classes). Suggestions? Thanks.

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  • Best way to implement game loop without freezing UI thread

    - by Matt H
    I'm trying to make a simple 2D game in Java. So far I have a JFrame, with a menubar, and a class which extends JPanel and overrides it's paint method. Now, I need to get a game loop going, where I will update the position of images and so on. However, I'm stuck at how best to achieve this. Should I use multi-threading, because surely, if you put an infinite loop on the main thread, the UI (and thus my menu bar) will freeze up? Here's my code so far: import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import javax.swing.JPanel; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class GameCanvas extends JPanel { public void paint(Graphics g) { while (true) { g.setColor(Color.DARK_GRAY); try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JMenu; import javax.swing.JMenuBar; import javax.swing.JMenuItem; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class Main extends JFrame { GameCanvas canvas = new GameCanvas(); final int FRAME_HEIGHT = 400; final int FRAME_WIDTH = 400; public static void main(String args[]) { new Main(); } public Main() { super("Game"); JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File"); JMenuItem startMenuItem = new JMenuItem("Pause"); menuBar.add(fileMenu); fileMenu.add(startMenuItem); super.add(canvas); super.setVisible(true); super.setSize(FRAME_WIDTH, FRAME_WIDTH); super.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); super.setJMenuBar(menuBar); } } Any pointers/tips? Also, where should I put my loop? In my main class, or my GameCanvas class? Any help is appreciated, thanks.

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  • How to make Event visible?

    - by eflles
    Inside a Silverlight library project I have a public event, which is not visible for other classes. How can I make the event visible? When I try the following code, I can not locate the event in the "ReceivingClass". .dll - file: Public Class MyClass Public Event MyEvent(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Public Sub OnStart() RaiseEvent MyEvent(Me, new EventArgs) End Sub End Class Silverlight app: Imports MyClass Public Class ReceivingClass Public Sub New() Dim myClass As new MyClass AddHandler myClass.MyEvent, AddressOf Me.EventHandler End Sub Private Sub EventHandler(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) 'Handle Event End Sub End Class

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  • Purpose of boost::checked_delete

    - by Channel72
    I don't understand the purpose of boost::checked_delete. The documentation says: The C++ Standard allows, in 5.3.5/5, pointers to incomplete class types to be deleted with a delete-expression. When the class has a non-trivial destructor, or a class-specific operator delete, the behavior is undefined. Some compilers issue a warning when an incomplete type is deleted, but unfortunately, not all do, and programmers sometimes ignore or disable warnings. The supplied function and class templates can be used to prevent these problems, as they require a complete type, and cause a compilation error otherwise. So the C++ standard allows you to delete incomplete types, which causes undefined behavior if the type has a non-trivial destructor. What? How can an incomplete type have any destructor at all? Isn't an incomplete type just a prototype?

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  • PHP if statement - select two different get variables?

    - by arsoneffect
    Below is my example script: <li><a <?php if ($_GET['page']=='photos' && $_GET['view']!=="projects"||!=="forsale") { echo ("href=\"#\" class=\"active\""); } else { echo ("href=\"/?page=photos\""); } ?>>Photos</a></li> <li><a <?php if ($_GET['view']=='projects') { echo ("href=\"#\" class=\"active\""); } else { echo ("href=\"/?page=photos&view=projects\""); } ?>>Projects</a></li> <li><a <?php if ($_GET['view']=='forsale') { echo ("href=\"#\" class=\"active\""); } else { echo ("href=\"/?page=photos&view=forsale\""); } ?>>For Sale</a></li> I want the PHP to echo the "href="#" class="active" only when it is not on the two pages: ?page=photos&view=forsale or ?page=photos&view=projects

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  • Must parameter of assignment operator be reference?

    - by Tim
    When overloading assignment operator of a class in C++, must its parameter be reference? For example, class MyClass { public: ... MyClass & operator=(const MyClass &rhs); ... } Can it be class MyClass { public: ... MyClass & operator=(const MyClass rhs); ... } ? Thanks!

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  • python list/dict property best practice

    - by jterrace
    I have a class object that stores some properties that are lists of other objects. Each of the items in the list has an identifier that can be accessed with the id property. I'd like to be able to read and write from these lists but also be able to access a dictionary keyed by their identifier. Let me illustrate with an example: class Child(object): def __init__(self, id, name): self.id = id self.name = name class Teacher(object): def __init__(self, id, name): self.id = id self.name = name class Classroom(object): def __init__(self, children, teachers): self.children = children self.teachers = teachers classroom = Classroom([Child('389','pete')], [Teacher('829','bob')]) This is a silly example, but it illustrates what I'm trying to do. I'd like to be able to interact with the classroom object like this: #access like a list print classroom.children[0] #append like it's a list classroom.children.append(Child('2344','joe')) #delete from like it's a list classroom.children.pop(0) But I'd also like to be able to access it like it's a dictionary, and the dictionary should be automatically updated when I modify the list: #access like a dict print classroom.childrenById['389'] I realize I could just make it a dict, but I want to avoid code like this: classroom.childrendict[child.id] = child I also might have several of these properties, so I don't want to add functions like addChild, which feels very un-pythonic anyway. Is there a way to somehow subclass dict and/or list and provide all of these functions easily with my class's properties? I'd also like to avoid as much code as possible.

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  • Display one div if nothing is selected

    - by Levani
    I use this javascript to display different div classes upon selection. I need to display one div class if nothing is selected, for example when page is loaded, and that replace it with one of the divs according to the selection... <script type="text/javascript"><!-- var lastDiv = ""; function showDiv(divName) { // hide last div if (lastDiv) { document.getElementById(lastDiv).className = "hiddenDiv"; } //if value of the box is not nothing and an object with that name exists, then change the class if (divName && document.getElementById(divName)) { document.getElementById(divName).className = "visibleDiv"; lastDiv = divName; } } //--> </script> css: <style type="text/css" media="screen"><!-- .hiddenDiv { display: none; } .visibleDiv { display: block; border: 1px grey solid; } --></style> HTML: <form id="FormName" action="blah.php" method="get" name="FormName"> <select name="selectName" size="1" onChange="showDiv(this.value);"> <option value="">Choose One...</option> <option value="one">first</option> <option value="two">second</option> <option value="three">third</option> </select> </form> <p id="one" class="hiddenDiv">This is paragraph 1.</p> <p id="two" class="hiddenDiv">This is paragraph 2.</p> <p id="three" class="hiddenDiv">This is paragraph 3.</p> Can anyone please help?

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  • What's the "proper" way to retrieve a reference to a ribbon object?

    - by Nick
    For a VSTO workbook project, is there a best practice for retrieving a reference to the Ribbon object from the ThisWorkbook class? Here's what I'm doing: In my Ribbon class, I created a public method called InvalidateControl(string controlID). I need to call that method from the ThisWorkbook class based on when a certain workbook level event fires. But the only way I can see to "get" a reference to that Ribbon object is to do this... // This is all in the ThisWorkbook class Ribbon ribbon; protected override IRibbonExtensibility CreateRibbonExtensibilityObject() { this.ribbon = new Ribbon(); return this.ribbon; } ...which seems a little smelly. I mean, I have to override CreateRibbonExtensibilityObject() regardless; all I'm doing beyond that is maintaining a local reference to the ribbon so I can call methods against it. But it doesn't feel right. Is there another, better way to get that reference in the ThisWorkbook class? Or is this pretty acceptable? Thanks!

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  • Detect if Visual Studio Test is running

    - by RTigger
    Is there an easy way to detect if you're running in the context of a Visual Studio Test as opposed to debug or release? Here's the scenario - we have a factory class that we use heavily throughout our existing codebase, and I figured instead of refactoring it out in each class so we can substitute the default factory with one that would return mock/fake objects, I could add something in the factory class itself to return those mock objects if it detects it's running in "test" mode.

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  • Reflection for a Field going wrong

    - by TiGer
    Hi, I have been trying to use reflection for a specifiec Field in the android.os.build class, the MANUFACTURER field... I have tried by using this code : try { Class myBuildClass = android.os.Build.class; Field m1 = Build.class.getDeclaredField("MANUFACTURER"); validField = true; manufacturer = Build.MANUFACTURER; } catch(Exception ex) { manufacturer = Build.PRODUCT; System.err.println("getDeviceSpecifics, got an exception during getting Field : " + ex.toString()); } I am gettign the following errors : 06-01 11:26:37.639: WARN/dalvikvm(7342): VFY: unable to resolve static field 2 (MANUFACTURER) in Landroid/os/Build; 06-01 11:26:37.639: WARN/dalvikvm(7342): VFY: rejecting opcode 0x62 at 0x0048 06-01 11:26:37.639: WARN/dalvikvm(7342): VFY: rejected Lmobilaria/android/managementModule/Management;.getDeviceSpecifics ()V 06-01 11:26:37.639: WARN/dalvikvm(7342): Verifier rejected class Lmobilaria/android/managementModule/Management; And when debugging I noticed that InvocationtargetException is continuesly thrown, so I am guessing I haven't been implementing the whole Reflection principle correctly... Any idea where things are going wrong or otherwise on how to implement Refelction for a single Field correctly ?

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  • Annotations present at compile time but absent at runtime

    - by deamon
    It is possible to use Java class files which includes annotations that are not present at runtime? Example: I want to write a class with the JPA @Embeddable annotation, which would be present at compile time (maven scope: "provided"). But the annoatation definition could be absent at runtime, if the class is used outside a JPA application.

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  • C++ CRTP(template pattern) question

    - by aaa
    following piece of code does not compile, the problem is in T::rank not be inaccessible (I think) or uninitialized in parent template. Can you tell me exactly what the problem is? is passing rank explicitly the only way? or is there a way to query tensor class directly? Thank you #include <boost/utility/enable_if.hpp> template<class T, // size_t N, class enable = void> struct tensor_operator; // template<class T, size_t N> template<class T> struct tensor_operator<T, typename boost::enable_if_c< T::rank == 4>::type > { tensor_operator(T &tensor) : tensor_(tensor) {} T& operator()(int i,int j,int k,int l) { return tensor_.layout.element_at(i, j, k, l); } T &tensor_; }; template<size_t N, typename T = double> // struct tensor : tensor_operator<tensor<N,T>, N> { struct tensor : tensor_operator<tensor<N,T> > { static const size_t rank = N; }; I know the workaround, however am interested in mechanics of template instantiation for self-education

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  • Linked lists in Java - help with assignment

    - by user368241
    Representation of a string in linked lists In every intersection in the list there will be 3 fields : The letter itself. The number of times it appears consecutively. A pointer to the next intersection in the list. The following class CharNode represents a intersection in the list : public class CharNode { private char _data; private int _value; private charNode _next; public CharNode (char c, int val, charNode n) { _data = c; _value = val; _next = n; } public charNode getNext() { return _next; } public void setNext (charNode node) { _next = node; } public int getValue() { return _value; } public void setValue (int v) { value = v; } public char getData() { return _data; } public void setData (char c) { _data = c; } } The class StringList represents the whole list : public class StringList { private charNode _head; public StringList() { _head = null; } public StringList (CharNode node) { _head = node; } } Add methods to the class StringList according to the details : (I will add methods gradually according to my specific questions) (Pay attention, these are methods from the class String and we want to fulfill them by the representation of a string by a list as explained above) public int indexOf (int ch) - returns the index in the string it is operated on of the first appeareance of the char "ch". If the char "ch" doesn't appear in the string, returns -1. If the value of fromIndex isn't in the range, returns -1. Pay attention to all the possible error cases. Write what is the time complexity and space complexity of every method that you wrote. Make sure the methods you wrote are effective. It is NOT allowed to use ready classes of Java. It is NOT allowed to move to string and use string operations. Here is my try to write the method indexOf (int ch). Kindly assist me with fixing the bugs so I can move on. public int indexOf (int ch) { int count = 0; charNode pose = _head; if (pose == null ) { return -1; } for (pose = _head; pose!=null && pose.getNext()!='ch'; pose = pose.getNext()) { count++; } if (pose!=null) return count; else return -1; }

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  • push(ing)_back objects pointers within a loop

    - by Jose Manuel Albornoz
    Consider the following: I have a class CDevices containing, amongst others, a string member class CDevice { public: CDevice(void); ~CDevice(void); // device name std::string Device_Name; etc... } and somewhere else in my code I define another class that contains a vector of pointers to CDevices class CDevice; class CServers { public: CServers(void); ~CServers(void); // Devices vector vector<CDevice*> Devices; etc... } The problem appears in the following lines in my main.c pDevice = new CDevice; pDevice->Device_Name = "de"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); pDevice->Device_Name = " revolotiunibus"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); pDevice->Device_Name = " orbium"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); pDevice->Device_Name = " coelestium"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); for(int i = 0; i < (int)Devices.size(); ++i) cout << "\nLoad name = " << Devices.at(i)->Device_Name << endl; The output I get is " coelestium" repeated four times: each time I push_back a new element into the vector all of the already existing elements take the value of the one which has just been added. I have also tried using iterators to recover each element in the vector with the same results. Could someone please tell me what's wrong here? Thankx

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  • How do I correct feature envy in this case?

    - by RMorrisey
    I have some code that looks like: class Parent { private Intermediate intermediateContainer; public Intermediate getIntermediate(); } class Intermediate { private Child child; public Child getChild() {...} public void intermediateOp(); } class Child { public void something(); public void somethingElse(); } class Client { private Parent parent; public void something() { parent.getIntermediate().getChild().something(); } public void somethingElse() { parent.getIntermediate().getChild().somethingElse(); } public void intermediate() { parent.getIntermediate().intermediateOp(); } } I understand that is an example of the "feature envy" code smell. The question is, what's the best way to fix it? My first instinct is to put the three methods on parent: parent.something(); parent.somethingElse(); parent.intermediateOp(); ...but I feel like this duplicates code, and clutters the API of the Parent class (which is already rather busy). Do I want to store the result of getIntermediate(), and/or getChild(), and keep my own references to these objects?

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  • Example of contravariance

    - by Misha
    I am thinking of the following example to illustrate why contravariance is useful. Let's consider a GUI framework with Widgets, Events, and Event Listeners. abstract class Event; class KeyEvent extends Event class MouseEvent extends Event trait EventListener[-Event] { def listen(e:Event) } Let Widgets define the following methods: def addKeyEventListener(listener:EventListener[KeyEvent]) def addMouseEventListener(listener:EventListener[MouseEvent]) These methods accept only "specific" event listeners, which is fine. However I would like to define also "kitchen-sink" listeners, which listen to all events, and pass such listeners to the "add listener" methods above. For instance, I would like to define LogEventListener to log all incoming events class LogEventListener extends EventListener[Event] { def listen(e:Event) { log(event) } } Since the trait EventListener is contravariant in Event we can pass LogEventListener to all those "add listener" methods without losing their type safety. Does it make sense ?

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  • Is there a performance gain from defining routes in app.yaml versus one large mapping in a WSGIAppli

    - by jgeewax
    Scenario 1 This involves using one "gateway" route in app.yaml and then choosing the RequestHandler in the WSGIApplication. app.yaml - url: /.* script: main.py main.py from google.appengine.ext import webapp class Page1(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.response.out.write("Page 1") class Page2(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.response.out.write("Page 2") application = webapp.WSGIApplication([ ('/page1/', Page1), ('/page2/', Page2), ], debug=True) def main(): wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler().run(application) if __name__ == '__main__': main() Scenario 2: This involves defining two routes in app.yaml and then two separate scripts for each (page1.py and page2.py). app.yaml - url: /page1/ script: page1.py - url: /page2/ script: page2.py page1.py from google.appengine.ext import webapp class Page1(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.response.out.write("Page 1") application = webapp.WSGIApplication([ ('/page1/', Page1), ], debug=True) def main(): wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler().run(application) if __name__ == '__main__': main() page2.py from google.appengine.ext import webapp class Page2(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.response.out.write("Page 2") application = webapp.WSGIApplication([ ('/page2/', Page2), ], debug=True) def main(): wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler().run(application) if __name__ == '__main__': main() Question What are the benefits and drawbacks of each pattern? Is one much faster than the other?

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  • A general declaration for all inherited classes

    - by Soham
    Consider, there is a class called SuperClass from which, ClassA, ClassB, ClassC is derived. From each one of those derived Classes, there are further more two classes are derived each called ChildClassAA and ChildClassAB[AB stands for Bth Child class from the Ath Class.Lets not really pull our hair on this nomenclature]. Now, ideally, I want to declare a general type as a private member of another Class say IndependentClass which can be initialized during run time as either of the objects of type ClassAor ClassB or ClassC and even the derived classes like ClassAA or ClassAB. Is there a possible way to do it?

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  • Instantiating spring beans in dynamically created classes.

    - by Xetius
    I am dynamically creating classes which contain spring beans, however the beans are not getting instantiated or initialised, leaving them as null. How do I make sure that a dynamically created class creates all of its spring beans properly? This is how I am dynamically creating the class: Class ctransform; try { ctransform = Class.forName(strClassName); Method handleRequestMethod = findHandleRequestMethod(ctransform); if (handleRequestMethod != null) { return (Message<?>) handleRequestMethod.invoke(ctransform.newInstance(), message); } } This leaves all spring bean objects within ctransform (of type strClassName) as null.

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