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  • Causes of sudden massive filesystem damage? ("root inode is not a directory")

    - by poolie
    I have a laptop running Maverick (very happily until yesterday), with a Patriot Torx SSD; LUKS encryption of the whole partition; one lvm physical volume on top of that; then home and root in ext4 logical volumes on top of that. When I tried to boot it yesterday, it complained that it couldn't mount the root filesystem. Running fsck, basically every inode seems to be wrong. Both home and root filesystems show similar problems. Checking a backup superblock doesn't help. e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) lithe_root was not cleanly unmounted, check forced. Resize inode not valid. Recreate? no Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Root inode is not a directory. Clear? no Root inode has dtime set (probably due to old mke2fs). Fix? no Inode 2 is in use, but has dtime set. Fix? no Inode 2 has a extra size (4730) which is invalid Fix? no Inode 2 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 2 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no HTREE directory inode 2 has an invalid root node. Clear HTree index? no Inode 2, i_size is 9581392125871137995, should be 0. Fix? no Inode 2, i_blocks is 40456527802719, should be 0. Fix? no Reserved inode 3 (<The ACL index inode>) has invalid mode. Clear? no Inode 3 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 3 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no .... Running strings across the filesystems, I can see there are what look like filenames and user data there. I do have sufficiently good backups (touch wood) that it's not worth grovelling around to pull back individual files, though I might save an image of the unencrypted disk before I rebuild, just in case. smartctl doesn't show any errors, neither does the kernel log. Running a write-mode badblocks across the swap lv doesn't find problems either. So the disk may be failing, but not in an obvious way. At this point I'm basically, as they say, fscked? Back to reinstalling, perhaps running badblocks over the disk, then restoring from backup? There doesn't even seem to be enough data to file a meaningful bug... I don't recall that this machine crashed last time I used it. At this point I suspect a bug or memory corruption caused it to write garbage across the disks when it was last running, or some kind of subtle failure mode for the SSD. What do you think would have caused this? Is there anything else you'd try?

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  • What kernel modules are required for wi-fi to work?

    - by Leonid Shevtsov
    My custom-built 2.6.32 kernel cannot connect to any WPA-protected network. The kernel includes (probably?) everything that should be needed for wifi, including IPv4 network support (IPv6 is disabled), the ath5k wireless driver (which is used in the generic Ubuntu 2.6.31 kernel) and all crypto APIs. The card is being detected, however, iwlist scan returns wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down and network-manager log says <info> (wlan0): driver supports SSID scans (scan_capa 0x01). <info> (wlan0): new 802.11 WiFi device (driver: 'ath5k') <info> (wlan0): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1 <info> (wlan0): now managed <info> (wlan0): device state change: 1 -> 2 (reason 2) <info> (wlan0): bringing up device. <info> (wlan0): preparing device. <info> (wlan0): deactivating device (reason: 2). supplicant_interface_acquire: assertion `mgr_state == NM_SUPPLICANT_MANAGER_STATE_IDLE' failed <info> modem-manager is now available <WARN> default_adapter_cb(): bluez error getting default adapter: The name org.bluez was not provided by any .service files <info> Trying to start the supplicant... <info> (wlan0): supplicant manager state: down -> idle <info> (wlan0): device state change: 2 -> 3 (reason 0) <WARN> nm_supplicant_interface_add_cb(): Unexpected supplicant error getting interface: wpa_supplicant couldn't grab this interface. The exact same configuration works with the generic kernel. Is anything except wifi and crypto api needed for wi-fi to work?

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  • Recommended way to restrict Apache users

    - by Dor
    Following on why should we restrict Apache users, another two questions arises: What is the recommended method of restricting the places Apache users can traverse & read in the file system? What to do against fork bombs and other shell scripting problems? (bash scripting is allowed) My possible solutions (I prefer to know which solution you choose and why): chroot OR mod_chroot disable bash OR use Restricted BASH Please offer another solutions if you find appropriate. (perhaps selinux is?) Current status: Users are allowed to executed bash scripts (via PHP for example) suexec is active Apache requested are served with FastCGI for PHP

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  • DNS propagation delay or bad configuration?

    - by Javier Martinez
    I have been waiting the DNS propagation for almost 24 hours. I'am no impatient, but I want to know if I configured my zone good or I have any error in it. I think that is good, because if I use my server dns like my DNS secondary I can resolve and lookup host well. ; ; BIND data file for mydomain.net ; $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA mydomain.net. mydomain.net. ( 20120629 ; Serial 10800 ; Refresh 3 hours 3600 ; Retry 1 hour 604800 ; Expire 1 week 86400 ) ; Negative Cache TTL ; @ IN NS ns1 @ IN NS ns2 IN MX 10 mail ns1 IN A 5.39.X.Y ns2 IN A 5.39.X.Z There is not any errors in /var/syslog about bind daemon. Is everything correct? Do I only need to wait up to 48 hours for the right DNS propagation? My nslookup from a remote machine with the nameserver of the bind host: $ nslookup mydomain.net Server: bind-host-ip Address: bind-host-ip#53 Name: mydomain.net Address: domain-ip

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 crash analysis - strange binary data on all open files at the moment of crash

    - by lanbo
    A couple of hours ago we got a system crash on Ubuntu 12.04. We checked all the log files and there is nothing suspicious to blame to. Last stuff that was logged was some dovecot activity. There are no kernel panic messages. Nothing. It is a new server (new hardware) we are testing before production. And because it is new hard, I'm suspicious the problem may be due to some faulty hardware. We already run memtester with no problem detected. I'll be happy to hear from other hardware testing tools (the machine has SSD). Anyway, the thing I wanted to ask you is a different one. The strange thing is on every open file at the moment of the crash we found the next sequence of symbols was written into them: "@^@^@^@^@^@^@...". For example, on the syslog log file we got: Apr 16 15:53:56 odyssey dovecot: pop3-login: Aborted login (auth failed, 1 attempts): user=<info>, method=PLAIN, rip=46.29.255.73, lip=5.9.58.177 ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^ [these continues for about 1000 chars...] ^@^@^@^@Apr 16 15:55:12 odyssey kernel: imklog 5.8.6, log source = /proc/kmsg started. We got all these symbols in all open files. These include: syslog, mail.log, kern.log, ... But also on some logs that are output by php scripts run in CRONs from user accounts (not root). So, any idea why all open files got these characters written during the crash? This is pretty bad since the crash corrupted many files (we don't even know which other ones may be affected). We are suspicious that all open files (in write mode maybe) at the moment of the crash got all these symbols inserted. Why is that? BTW [in case it helps], the system automatically rebooted after the crash but Apache did not start. There were not traces in /var/apache2/*log why apache did not start. After running a "service apache2 start" it started with no problems. Also, we rebooted the machine manually and Apache also started on reboot. But it did not start after the crash and no errors were reported. Thanks guys!

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  • How can I check whether a volume is mounted where it is supposed to be using Python?

    - by Ben Hymers
    I've got a backup script written in Python which creates the destination directory before copying the source directory to it. I've configured it to use /external-backup as the destination, which is where I mount an external hard drive. I just ran the script without the hard drive being turned on (or being mounted) and found that it was working as normal, albeit making a backup on the internal hard drive, which has nowhere near enough space to back itself up. My question is: how can I check whether the volume is mounted in the right place before writing to it? If I can detect that /external-backup isn't mounted, I can prevent writing to it. The bonus question is why was this allowed, when the OS knows that directory is supposed to live on another device, and what would happen to the data (on the internal hard drive) should I later mount that device (the external hard drive)? Clearly there can't be two copies on different devices at the same path! Thanks in advance!

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  • How to run KDM or GDM over ssh

    - by Xolve
    I have a computer on LAN running ssh. I can normally tunnel the GUI application using ssh computer-name -X program-name But I wam my full desktop to be running on a remote computer using ssh so that I can just use that computer remotely like a local desktop. For this I think I will need to run KDM (or GDM ) remotely, what configuration do I need to do to make this happen?

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  • strange behaviour - dhclient needs to be run twice in order to connect to wireless

    - by splicer
    I am trying to connect my to my wlan without the use of NetworkManager. I run the following commands after boot: iwconfig wlan0 enc <WEP passwd> mode managed essid <name> channel 6 ifconfig wlan0 up dhclient wlan0 At this point, dhclient stalls for ages (perhaps 2 minutes), then it returns with PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.65 wlan0: 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3000ms pipe 3 .. The strange thing is that when I run pkill dhclient; dhclient wlan0 right after this, it connects in about <3 seconds. Any idea what could be the cause of this problem? Edit: oh, and I did try using the -timeout flag on dhclient but that didn't seem to make any difference (it still stalled for ages).

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  • load-causing processes disappearing from "top" ps -o pcpu shows bogus numbers

    - by Alec Matusis
    I administer a large number of servers, and I have this problem only with Ubuntu 10.04 LTS: I run a server under normal load (say load average 3.0 on an 8-core server). The "top" command shows processes taking certain % of CPU that cause this load average: say PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 11008 mysql 20 0 25.9g 22g 5496 S 67 76.0 643539:38 mysqld ps -o pcpu,pid -p11008 %CPU PID 53.1 11008 , everything is consistent. The all of the sudden, the process causing the load average disappears from "top", but the process continues to run normally (albeit with a slight performance decrease), and the system load average becomes somewhat higher. The output of ps -o pcpu becomes bogus: # ps -o pcpu,pid -p11008 %CPU PID 317910278 1587 This happened to at least 5 different severs (different brand new IBM System X hardware), each running different software: one httpd 2.2, one mysqld 5.1, and one Twisted Python TCP servers. Each time the kernel was between 2.6.32-32-server and 2.6.32-40-server. I updated some machines to 2.6.32-41-server, and it has not happened on those yet, but the bug is rare (once every 60 days or so). This is from an affected machine: top - 10:39:06 up 73 days, 17:57, 3 users, load average: 6.62, 5.60, 5.34 Tasks: 207 total, 2 running, 205 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 11.4%us, 18.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 66.3%id, 4.3%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 74341464k total, 71985004k used, 2356460k free, 236456k buffers Swap: 3906552k total, 328k used, 3906224k free, 24838212k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 805 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 3 0.0 1493:09 fct0-worker 982 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 111:35.05 fioa-data-groom 914 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 884:42.71 fct1-worker 1068 root 20 0 19364 1496 1060 R 0 0.0 0:00.02 top Nothing causing high load is showing on top, but I have two highly loaded mysqld instances on it, that suddenly show crazy %CPU: #ps -o pcpu,pid,cmd -p1587 %CPU PID CMD 317713124 1587 /nail/encap/mysql-5.1.60/libexec/mysqld and #ps -o pcpu,pid,cmd -p1624 %CPU PID CMD 2802 1624 /nail/encap/mysql-5.1.60/libexec/mysqld Here are the numbers from # cat /proc/1587/stat 1587 (mysqld) S 1212 1088 1088 0 -1 4202752 14307313 0 162 0 85773299069 4611685932654088833 0 0 20 0 52 0 3549 27255418880 5483524 18446744073709551615 4194304 11111617 140733749236976 140733749235984 8858659 0 552967 4102 26345 18446744073709551615 0 0 17 5 0 0 0 0 0 the 14th and 15th numbers according to man proc are supposed to be utime %lu Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in user mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). This includes guest time, guest_time (time spent running a virtual CPU, see below), so that applications that are not aware of the guest time field do not lose that time from their calculations. stime %lu Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). On a normal server, these numbers are advancing, every time I check the /proc/PID/stat. On a buggy server, these numbers are stuck at a ridiculously high value like 4611685932654088833, and it's not changing. Has anyone encountered this bug?

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  • Why does the java -Xmx not working?

    - by Zenofo
    In my Ubuntu 11.10 VPS, Before I run the jar file: # free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 256 5 250 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 5 250 Swap: 0 0 0 Run a jar file that limited to maximum of 32M memory: java -Xms8m -Xmx32m -jar ./my.jar Now the memory state as follows: # free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 256 155 100 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 155 100 Swap: 0 0 0 This jar occupied 150M memory. And I can't run any other java command: # java -version Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. # java -Xmx8m -version Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. I want to know why the -Xmx parameter does not take effect? How can I limit the jar file using the memory?

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  • Kernel Memory Leak in Ubuntu 9.10?

    - by kayahr
    After some days of work (Using suspend-to-ram during the night) I notice I loose more and more available memory. Even when I close all applications the situation doesn't improve. I even went down to the command line and closed ALL running processes except the init process and the bash I'm working in. I unmounted all these ram disks which Ubuntu is using, I even unloaded all modules which could be unloaded. But still "free" tells me that 1 GB of RAM is used (without buffers/cache). In "top" there is no visible process which occupies all this memory. The only way to free the memory is restarting the machine. How can I find out where I lose all this memory? Is there a known "suspect" who can cause a problem like this? I'm using Ubuntu 9.10 64 bit on a Dell Latitude E6500 (4 GB RAM) with the latest closed-source nvidia driver and Gnome with Compiz. The applications I use most of the time are firefox and eclipse. Any hints how I can find the problem? I'm not a kernel hacker so if the solution is patching the kernel or something like that then I might be out of the game...

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  • IPtables: DNAT not working

    - by GetFree
    In a CentOS server I have, I want to forward port 8080 to a third-party webserver. So I added this rule: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DNAT --to-destination thirdparty_server_ip:80 But it doesn't seem to work. In an effort to debug the process, I added these two LOG rules: iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -p tcp --src my_laptop_ip --dport ! 22 -j LOG --log-level warning --log-prefix "[_REQUEST_COMING_FROM_CLIENT_] " iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p tcp --dst thirdparty_server_ip -j LOG --log-level warning --log-prefix "[_REQUEST_BEING_FORWARDED_] " (the --dport ! 22 part is there just to filter out the SSH traffic so that my log file doesn't get flooded) According to this page the mangle/PREROUTING chain is the first one to process incomming packets and the nat/POSTROUTING chain is the last one to process outgoing packets. And since the nat/PREROUTING chain comes in the middle of the other two, the three rules should do this: the rule in mangle/PREROUTING logs the incomming packets the rule in nat/PREROUTING modifies the packets (it changes the dest IP and port) the rule in nat/POSTROUTING logs the modified packets about to be forwarded Although the first rule does log incomming packets comming from my laptop, the third rule doesn't log the packets which are supposed to be modified by the second rule. It does log, however, packets that are produced in the server, hence I know the two LOG rules are working properly. Why are the packets not being forwarded, or at least why are they not being logged by the third rule? PS: there are no more rules than those three. All other chains in all tables are empty and with policy ACCEPT.

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  • Use router as external high powered Wi-Fi adapter

    - by skywinder
    I need a powerful external Wi-Fi adapter for a couple of days. I heard that some types of router support this mode, allowing me to connect the router to my notebook and just use it as an external Wi-Fi interface. Is it possible to connect a router as an external Wi-Fi adapter? How can I determine it? Updated: My purpose is to set the router to monitor mode and check networks around through my notebook to provide better configuration for my network (power, channels, etc). My internal notebook Wi-Fi adapter is too weak for this purpose. Should I use special drivers for that? If yes, can someone describe, step-by-step, how to do it? p.s. I want to use ASUS RT-N56U as an external Wi-Fi adapter on OS X or Ubuntu.

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  • Escaping query strings with wget --mirror

    - by Jeremy Banks
    I'm using wget --mirror --html-extension --convert-links to mirror a site, but I end up with lots of filenames in the format post.php?id=#.html. When I try to view these in a browser it fails, because the browser ignores the query string when loading the file. Is there any way to replace the ? character in the filenames with something else? The answer of --restrict-file-names=windows worked correctly. In conjunction with the flags --convert-links and --adjust-extension/-E (formerly named --html-extension, which also works but is deprecated) it produces a mirror that behaves as expected. wget --mirror --adjust-extension --convert-links --restrict-file-names=windows http://www.example

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  • Using position function for accessing particular node when using While Activity in SOA 11.1.1.5

    - by AJ
    Hi If you are using while activity in SOA Suite 11.1.1.5 and within loop you have a requirement to access repeating node of XML. You might need to use below XPATH expression for accessing the node. Here is the XML that I am using for this example <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> David DemoJob 1 2012-04-15 40000 0 10 Steve TestJob 1 2012-04-15 40000 0 10 Here you can notice that Emp node is repeating i.e. EmpCollection node will contain multiple employees. Now in loop one of assign activity you need to access a particular node for e.g. For first time loop runs you want to access first node and second time second node and so on. You need to make use of postion() function like bpws:getVariableData('Receive1_Read_InputVariable','body','/ns4:EmpCollection/ns4:Emp[position()=$loopCounter]/ns4:job') Please Note: Here loopCounter is a variable that we have created of type xsd:int and prior to loop we have initialized a value of 1. Loop will run depending on the number of Emp nodes present at runtime. For that in while Activity you can use below XPATH expression ora:countNodes('Receive1_Read_InputVariable','body','/ns4:EmpCollection/ns4:Emp')=bpws:getVariableData('loopCounter') Do let me know in case of any issues or concern. Cheers AJ

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  • Making libmagic/file detect .docx files

    - by Jonatan Littke
    As seen elsewhere, docx, xlsx and pttx are ZIPs. When uploading them to my web application, file (via libmagic andpython-magic) detects them as being ZIP. I store the contents of the file as a blob in the database, but naturally I don't want to trust the user with what kind of file type this is. So I would like to trust file for and automatically generate a filename during download. I know one can modify /etc/magic but the format (magic(5)) is way too complicated for me. I found a bug report on the issue at Debian bugs but since it's from 2008 it doesn't seem to be fixed any time soon. I guess my only other alternative is to indeed trust the user (but still store the contents as a blob) and only check the file extension based on the file name. This way I can disallow some extensions and allow others. And when the user re-downloads his file, he can have it in whatever way he uploaded it. But this solution is insecure if the file is shared with others, since you can simply rename the file to allow uploading it. Any ideas? Lastly, I found a list of magic numbers for docx etc, but I'm unable to convert these into the magic(5) format.

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  • 284 GiB of data, 217.4 GiB of space

    - by Malfist
    I want to reinstall my OS, but I don't have the hard drive space to backup any more (I have a RAID 1 array, so I haven't done it for a while). In my /home I have 284.8 GiB of data, and I have a spare 250 GB (or 217.4 GiB) hard drive that I've been using for backup. What type of compression algorithm (if any) is capable of this type of compression? I don't care about the time, I have a quad core though, so something that utilizes all 4 cores would be great. I have tried 7zip with no success. Ran on one core for two days and failed because of lack of space. Any ideas?

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  • Sftp via shell - how is it possible?

    - by Tomasz Zielinski
    (Moved from StackOverflow: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4589725/sftp-via-shell-how-it-is-possible) How is it possible for tools like http://mysecureshell.sourceforge.net/ to provide SFTP access by merely specifying them as shell by typing: usermod -s /bin/MySecureShell myuser ? I'm on Debian Lenny, with default sshd/OpenSSH. Is this e.g. a feature of SSH protocol that allows user shell to handle sftp commands? I can't wrap my head around this because usually OpenSSH needs sftp-server module (or the internal one in newer versions) - and this makes me think that sftp commands don't even hit the shell and are handled earlier or by different code path..

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  • Is it possible to have DisplayLink USB display hotplugging with Xorg 1.13 on kernel 3.4?

    - by lkraav
    keithp seems to be the only one on the interwebs to have written anything about the subject and he worked with 3.5_rc. I don't want to go above 3.4 at the moment for various stability reasons and am trying to see whether I can get this to work. Xorg 1.13 recognizes the display on connection, "udl" module is loaded, xorg-video-modesetting driver also loads, display lights up. So everything seems to be good. I emerged xrandr-9999 (not many changes on top of 1.3.5): $ xrandr --listproviders Providers: number : 2 Provider 0: id: 69 cap: 0x0 crtcs: 2 outputs: 4 associated providers: 0 name:Intel Provider 1: id: 338 cap: 0x0 crtcs: 1 outputs: 1 associated providers: 0 name:modesetting But I can't get any further, just like this guy: $ xrandr --setprovideroutputsource 338 69 X Error of failed request: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation) Major opcode of failed request: 139 (RANDR) Minor opcode of failed request: 35 () Value in failed request: 0x152 Serial number of failed request: 11 Current serial number in output stream: 12 $ xrandr --setprovideroutputsource 1 0 X Error of failed request: 148 Major opcode of failed request: 139 (RANDR) Minor opcode of failed request: 35 () Serial number of failed request: 11 Current serial number in output stream: 12 Any thoughts?

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  • Run a script after killing lxsession (xorg)

    - by user284194
    I am trying to run a program automatically within a bash script after killing the LXDE session. My script consists of: #!/bin/sh pkill lxsession; sh /home/pi/RetroPie/EmulationStation/emulationstation My aim is to log out of the LXDE session and run EmulationStation on my Raspberry Pi with a bash script. I'm using pkill lxsession; to bypass lxsession's logout confirmation dialog. As it stands, this script just gets me to the command line from a working LXDE desktop. Thanks for reading.

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  • Is it possible to either abort or interrupt and later continue a lvconvert -m1 operation?

    - by SLi
    I have run the command lvconvert -m1 rootvg/newroot /dev/sdb to convert a linear logical volume to a mirrored one. The operation has not yet finished; I interrupted the command with ctrl-c at around 10% mark, but the operation seems to be running in the background anyway. Is it possible to either 1) Abort the lvconvert operation and revert to the state before it? (This would be my preferred option) 2) To safely interrupt the operation and resume it later?

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