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• Adding a Second Wireless Router to an Existing Wired Network

  - by KVCrawford

  I apologize ahead of time, I know this has been asked before, but I'm still having problems...maybe you guys can help. I started out with the basic instructions from the highest-voted answer at http://serverfault.com/questions/41572/adding-a-second-wireless-router-to-my-network The new Wireless router in question is a Linksys Wireless-N Gigabit Router, Model # WRT310N Here are the steps I've taken in setting it up: Plug my laptop into LAN port #2 in the new router. Nothing else is connected at this point Configure the new router to be 192.168.1.200 (the original router is 192.168.1.1, and its DHCP clients are from 192.168.1.100-x.x.x.199) Set the internet connection on the new router to "DHCP Client" Turn off the DHCP server & NAT routing on the new router Plug in a LAN cable from the original router into the LAN port #1 on the new router (NOT the WAN port, nothing is plugged in there) Reset the new router Afterwards, I try to ping 192.168.1.1 from the laptop plugged into LAN port #2 on the new router, with no response. 192.168.1.200 garners no response either. Typing "ipconfig" tells me: Autoconfiguration IP Address: 169.254.198.113 Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 Default Gateway: 169.254.198.113 What's going wrong? I appreciate any help!

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• Remote Desktop *from* Windows 2008 R2 Server

  - by freefaller

  Summary: how do I create an RDC connection from a Windows 2008 server to another server? Our client will only allow us to connect to their server via a static IP address (which is fair enough), but unfortunately as we're a very small company we don't have one in the office. As a work around, we had the connection working through our old Windows 2003 server (dynamic-cloud from 1and1). .. however we have just rebuilt the server to run under Windows 2008 R2 (don't ask, but it was necessary), and now I simply cannot get the connection working. I have added an "Outbound Rule" to Windows Firewall with Advanced Security (TCP, All local ports, 3389 remote port - I have also tried the other way around). I have added a packet filter IP security rule with the same details. The 1and1 firewall rules (through their online control panel) allows for 3389 TCP and UDP. But it is simply not connecting (yes, the server is definitely on and able to accept connections) with the general error of... Remote Desktop can’t connect to the remote computer for one of these reasons: 1) Remote access to the server is not enabled 2) The remote computer is turned off 3) The remote computer is not available on the network Is there anything obvious I've missed - or something I can use to find out where the request is being blocked? The new server is using the exact same IP address as before, so I don't believe that would be an issue. Unless it's trying to use an IPv6 address rather than the old IPv4 address that it was before? I apologise that I am not a network person by trade, but I know more than anybody else in my office!!

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• Virus / Malware: Explorer window with strange user logged into Hotmail

  - by abel

  I was looking into a PC, the user of which had complained that he couldn't connect to the internet and that the PC was experiencing random restarts. The PC runs WinXP SP3. On examination, I found that the Wireless Zero Configuration service was stopped. I enabled that and the internet was back on(The pc connected through wifi). Then I started firefox and browsed to gmail.com. I did not launch any other program, except for a few explorer windows. It was then I noticed a window had popped up(it was not a pop up). It had the explorer folder icon and instead of explorer folder contents, it showed a hotmail page, with a user named "Homer Stinson" logged in. The titlebar was empty and there were no toolbars. I asked the client whether this was his email id, which he said it was not. I opened task manager, which did not show this explorer window in it's Application tab. I switched back to the 'rogue' window and found that the hotmail settings page was now open, which later changed to the hotmail edit profile page for the same user. I was not clicking anything. Then suddenly the window closed. I checked the autorun locations, fired up a Malwarebytes Anti Malware scan which gave a clean result. The system also had an updated installation of AVG. I don't want a solution for this virus(?) problem. I asked this here because I wanted to know if somebody has come across something similar. What kind of malware can this be? The user had not seen a similar window before and I should have taken screenshots. (PS:Homer Stinson is an imaginary name. I searched for the other real name with some relevant keywords but could not come up with a virus/malware discussion post.) UPDATE: When I checked the PC later a DEP error had popped up closing which restarted the PC.

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• Postfix a lot of relay acces denied errors in maillog

  - by tester3

  I'm on Centos 6.5 with Postfix/Dovecot and some virtual domains. Postfix works fine, but I've got a lot of messages like this "NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from 1-160-127-12.dynamic.hinet.net[1.160.127.12]: 454 4.7.1 : Relay access denied; from= to= proto=SMTP" in my maillog. I've tried to close port 25 with iptables, when I do so - I got no such messages, but my mail system starts work incorrectly and can't receive mail from other hosts. Please help! My postconf -n: alias_database = $alias_maps alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 html_directory = no inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = ipv4 mail_owner = postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man message_size_limit = 20971520 mydestination = localhost.$mydomain, localhost newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES relay_domains = * sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop smtp_tls_cert_file = /etc/pki/tls/certs/example.com.crt smtp_tls_key_file = /etc/pki/tls/private/example.com.key smtp_tls_loglevel = 1 smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:/etc/postfix/smtp_tls_session_cache smtp_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = example.com smtpd_sasl_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options = $smtpd_sasl_security_options smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/pki/tls/certs/example.com.crt smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/pki/tls/private/example.com.key smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:/etc/postfix/smtpd_tls_session_cache smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s smtpd_use_tls = yes soft_bounce = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmail_aliases virtual_gid_maps = static:2222 virtual_mailbox_base = /var/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = hash:/etc/postfix/vmail_domains virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmail_mailbox virtual_minimum_uid = 2222 virtual_transport = virtual virtual_uid_maps = static:2222 Please help! Will attach master.cf or anything other if needed.

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• Using our own certificate authority for business email encryption

  - by LumenAlbum

  I've read the available similar questions on serverfault but I haven't quite found a definite answer to the security aspect of it - hence here's my question: I'm administrator of an office working with tax data and we want to start using certificate-based eMail encryption with our clients. Considering the prices for issued certificates by VeriSign & Co I was wondering if we couldn't issue the necessary certificates with a certificate authority of our own. I realize that they do not offer the trust hierarchy that commercial certificates do but I don't see why we would need that. Most of our clients have small businesses and only 20% of them even exchange data with us via email. So if we were to issue certificates for those 20% and our employees, that would enable us to use encrypted emails. Of course they would have to trust our certificate authority and thus once receive our public root certificate. But if we would hand them out to them (or install it) personally, they'd know that it really is our certificate. Is thery a huge security risk that I am missing here? As long as nobody has access to our certificate authority server nobody should be able to interfere with security, right? And the client certificates would be generated and handed out by us, as well... Please advise me if I am making an error in judgement here and thank you in advance.

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• Abysmal transfer speeds on gigabit network

  - by Vegard Larsen

  I am having trouble getting my Gigabit network to work properly between my desktop computer and my Windows Home Server. When copying files to my server (connected through my switch), I am seeing file transfer speeds of below 10MB/s, sometimes even below 1MB/s. The machine configurations are: Desktop Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 Windows 7 Ultimate x64 2x WD Green 1TB drives in striped RAID 4GB RAM AB9 QuadGT motherboard Realtek RTL8810SC network adapter Windows Home Server AMD Athlon 64 X2 4GB RAM 6x WD Green 1,5TB drives in storage pool Gigabyte GA-MA78GM-S2H motherboard Realtek 8111C network adapter Switch dLink Green DGS-1008D 8-port Both machines report being connected at 1Gbps. The switch lights up with green lights for those two ports, indicating 1Gbps. When connecting the machines through the switch, I am seeing insanely low speeds from WHS to the desktop measured with iperf: 10Kbits/sec (WHS is running iperf -c, desktop is iperf -s). Using iperf the other way (WHS is iperf -s, desktop iperf -c) speeds are also bad (~20Mbits/sec). Connecting the machines directly with a patch cable, I see much higher speeds when connecting from desktop to WHS (~300 Mbits/sec), but still around 10Kbits/sec when connecting from WHS to the desktop. File transfer speeds are also much quicker (both directions). Log from desktop for iperf connection from WHS (through switch): C:\temp>iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 8.00 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [248] local 192.168.1.32 port 5001 connected with 192.168.1.20 port 3227 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [248] 0.0-18.5 sec 24.0 KBytes 10.6 Kbits/sec Log from desktop for iperf connection to WHS (through switch): C:\temp>iperf -c 192.168.1.20 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.1.20, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 8.00 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [148] local 192.168.1.32 port 57012 connected with 192.168.1.20 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [148] 0.0-10.3 sec 28.5 MBytes 23.3 Mbits/sec What is going on here? Unfortunately I don't have any other gigabit-capable devices to try with.

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• Microsoft Windows DHCP: Steering IPv4 clients into specific scopes based on MAC

  - by Easter Sunshine

  We have visitors on our campus who bring their own laptops and devices and use our wireless and wired networks. When we receive a copyright infringement notice (typically BitTorrenting), we are required to quarantine that MAC address so that it no longer has Internet access. No matter what website it tries to visit, it is sent to a web page explaining to the user that the device has been quarantined. We have thus far implemented this in ISC DHCP on Linux. We have multiple VLANs with one or more public-IP subnets and one RFC1918 quarantine subnet each. All clients are leased IPs in the public-IP subnet(s) unless you're in a list of known bad MACs. Then, you are sent to the quarantine subnet so that your traffic is unroutable on the Internet (you are isolated by subnet only, not by VLAN). We would like to move to Windows DHCP in light of the IPAM role but I cannot figure out how to replicate this in Windows DHCP 2012 (Assign DHCP IPs for specific MAC prefixes on Windows Server 2008 R2 suggests it was not possible in 2008 R2), even while using policies. So here's what I'd like: The administrator/help desk provides and maintains a list of MAC addresses that are to be quarantined. The DHCP server places those MACs into the quarantine subnet on the respective VLAN, no matter which VLAN the client is in. I don't think reservations would work: We currently have about 300 registered bad MACs and about 12 VLANs. I don't want to make 300 x 12 reservations nor have to add 12 reservations per new MAC address. Not to mention all of the quarantine subnets are /24s. We do not have NPS/NAC. You do not have to register your MAC address get network access. We use Cisco routers/switches. Thanks.

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• Either, nginx+php-fpm bad config or nginx+php-fpm cannot handle high query?

  - by The Wolf

  I have wordpress installed in my server configured(hopefully with nginx+php-fpm+mariaDB). I am trying to import using wordpress importer a 1.5MB xml file. Everytime I try to upload it using the importer, it got cut of... meaning just blank screen result.. Here is my error log: actually I just posted 2 of the errors [error] 858#0: *1 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: xx.xxx.xx.xx, server: xxx.com, request: "GET xxxx.html HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "xxx.com" [error] 858#0: *13 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: xxx.x.xx.xx, server: xxx.com, request: "GET xxxx.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "xxx.com" I don't know what is the reason why it can't process the wordpress export .xml. I already increased max_file_upload & etc., but nothing happens. Hope somebody can help me. Here are my conf: nginx.conf user nginx; worker_processes 8; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; server_tokens off; keepalive_timeout 65; fastcgi_read_timeout 500; #gzip on; client_max_body_size 2M; php-fpm.conf ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; FPM Configuration ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install ; prefix. ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the ; file. include=/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Global Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; [global] ; Pid file ; Default Value: none pid = /var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid ; Error log file ; Default Value: /var/log/php-fpm.log error_log = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log ; Log level ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug ; Default Value: notice ;log_level = notice ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value ; of '0' means 'Off'. ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0 ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when ; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_interval = 0 ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;process_control_timeout = 0 ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging. ; Default Value: yes daemonize = no ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Pool Definitions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; See /etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf [root@host etc]# vim php-fpm.conf [root@host etc]# vim php-fpm.conf ; Default Value: notice ;log_level = notice ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value ; of '0' means 'Off'. ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0 ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when ; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_interval = 0 ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;process_control_timeout = 0 ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging. ; Default Value: yes daemonize = no ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Pool Definitions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; See /etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf ps aux [root@host etc]# ps aux USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.1 2900 1380 ? Ss Jun02 0:00 init root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Jun02 0:00 [kthreadd/9308] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Jun02 0:00 [khelper/9308] root 124 0.0 0.0 2464 576 ? S<s Jun02 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d root 460 0.0 0.1 35976 1308 ? Sl Jun02 0:00 /sbin/rsyslogd -i /var/run/syslogd.pid -c 5 root 474 0.0 0.0 8940 1028 ? Ss Jun02 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd root 481 0.0 0.0 3264 876 ? Ss Jun02 0:00 xinetd -stayalive -pidfile /var/run/xinetd.pid root 491 0.0 0.1 6268 1432 ? S Jun02 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/host.busilak.com. mysql 584 0.1 6.8 679072 71456 ? Sl Jun02 0:04 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mysql/plugin --use root 586 0.0 0.3 12008 3820 ? Ss Jun02 0:01 sshd: root@pts/0 root 629 0.0 0.0 9140 756 ? Ss Jun02 0:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -m /var/run/saslauthd -a pam -n 2 root 630 0.0 0.0 9140 520 ? S Jun02 0:00 /usr/sbin/saslauthd -m /var/run/saslauthd -a pam -n 2 root 645 0.0 0.1 12788 1928 ? Ss Jun02 0:01 sendmail: accepting connections smmsp 653 0.0 0.1 12576 1728 ? Ss Jun02 0:00 sendmail: Queue runner@01:00:00 for /var/spool/clientmqueue root 691 0.0 0.1 7148 1184 ? Ss Jun02 0:00 crond root 698 0.0 0.1 6272 1688 pts/0 Ss Jun02 0:00 -bash root 1006 0.0 0.0 7828 924 ? Ss 00:30 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx 1007 0.0 0.1 8156 1724 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 1008 0.0 0.1 8024 1360 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 1009 0.0 0.1 8020 1356 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 1011 0.0 0.1 8024 1360 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 1012 0.0 0.1 8024 1360 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 1013 0.0 0.1 8024 1360 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 1014 0.0 0.1 8024 1360 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 1015 0.0 0.1 8024 1344 ? S 00:30 0:00 nginx: worker process root 1030 0.0 0.2 25396 2904 ? Ss 00:30 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php-fpm.conf) apache 1031 0.0 1.9 40700 20624 ? S 00:30 0:00 php-fpm: pool www apache 1032 0.0 2.0 41924 21888 ? S 00:30 0:01 php-fpm: pool www apache 1033 0.0 1.9 41212 20848 ? S 00:30 0:01 php-fpm: pool www apache 1034 0.0 1.9 40956 20792 ? S 00:30 0:01 php-fpm: pool www apache 1035 0.0 2.0 41560 21556 ? S 00:30 0:02 php-fpm: pool www apache 1040 0.0 1.8 39292 19120 ? S 00:30 0:00 php-fpm: pool www root 1125 0.0 0.0 6080 1040 pts/0 R+ 01:04 0:00 ps aux netstat -l [root@host etc]# netstat -l Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:smtp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.locald:cslistener *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 60575947 /var/run/saslauthd/mux unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 60574168 @/com/ubuntu/upstart unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 60575873 /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock Hope somebody can help me to figure out what is the problem.

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• DNS-Based Environment Determination

  - by zvolkov

  Found the following here. The questions is: where can I find more details on how exactly implement this on Windows? Any guide or how-to anybody? Or maybe you can provide your invaluable suggestions? Specifically, how do I make so that "all QA servers would first resolve entries in qa.example.com first and then if that lookup failed they would try example.com" (I'm a dev, not a DNS specialist, but our IT Support has refused to help on this:() Use DNS Based Environment Determination for your servers. Do this by initially splitting your top level domain into a number of sub domains depending on their function, and then creating DNS Service Names in each of the sub domains pointing to the relevant server for that service. Based on the list above we would then have: * clientdb.prod.example.com for Production * clientdb.perf.example.com for Performance Testing * clientdb.qa.example.com for QA * clientdb.dev.example.com for Development Servers then resolve entries in their relevant sub domain by function. That is, all QA servers would first resolve entries in qa.example.com first and then if that lookup failed they would try example.com. This allows you to have a single configuration entry for your client database hostname (clientdb) that would resolve correctly in all environments. This technique has the added advantage of still having global services defined in a common top level domain. This seems to be related to Providing "split horizon" DNS service. Reading that, I see that I will probably need separate DNS Server for each environment. Is this true or does Windows support some form of "tagging" the records to be visible depending on the requestor's IP?

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• Loading dependencies for custom puppet functions

  - by Ben Smith

  I have written a custom puppet function, which is working fine, that depends on the cloudservers gem (a Rackspace client library). This is fine if I have pre-installed the gem on a server before running puppet but totally breaks if I have not installed the gem as the function seems to be run during the 'compilation' sweep, well before my package definition is realised. Here's what my .pp looks like, with get_hosts the function that requires the cloudservers gem. package { "rubygems": ensure => installed, provider => "gem"; } package { "cloudservers": ensure => installed, provider => "gem", require => Package["rubygems"]; } class hosts::us { $hosts = get_hosts("us") hostentry { $hosts: } } define hostentry() { $parts = split($name, ',') $address = $parts[0] $ip = $parts[1] $aliases = $parts[2] host{ $address: ip => $ip, host_aliases => $aliases } } Is there a way to stop the function getting run so early, or at least having it's run depend up the library being installed. Alternatively, is there a way that I can add dependencies somewhere in the functions folder that will be available to the function?

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• How do I increase the buffer size for domain sockets in OS X 10.6

  - by Chas. Owens

  In Linux I have no problem dumping tons of data into a domain socket, but the same code on OS X 10.6.2 blows up after about 65 records. The socket reader code looks like #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use IO::Socket; unlink "foo"; my $sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new ( Local => 'foo', Type => SOCK_DGRAM, Timeout => 600, ) or die "Could not create socket: $!\n"; while (<$sock>) { chomp; print "[$_]\n"; } And the client code looks like #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use IO::Socket; my $sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new ( Peer => 'foo', Type => SOCK_DGRAM, Timeout => 600, ) or die "Could not create socket: $!\n"; for my $i (1 .. 1_000_000) { print $sock "$i\n" or die $!; } close $sock; The error message I get is No buffer space available at write.pl line 15.. It seems fairly obvious that there is a difference in the buffer size between Linux and OS X, but I don't know how to set it OS X (or what the possible negative side effects might be).

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• Pure Terminal Server 2003 system hangs

  - by Donovan

  System Profile: IBM Server hardware Windows Ent Server 2003 running terminal services. No Citrix. Max user load: 30 Symptoms: While in the course of normal operation our terminal server will hang up. As far as I can tell there isn't any trigger that's plainly visible yet. The way in witch it hangs may give a clue though. The hang presents its self by users not being able to initiate any new processes. All processes currently loaded into memory work just fine. Example: outlook 2007. You may continue to read email, operate the client and such. Some people don't even realize the hang has occurred for a bit of time. My attempts to troubleshoot have been futile. Reacting to the hang does no good because I can't start any new processes to investigate. After I reboot the server my next instinct would be to begin logging to catch the hang occurring but I'm not sure what to log. Right now I'm attempting to keep process explorer running in case the issue occurs again. Sometimes it happens twice a day, other times, once a week. Anyone have any ideas on how I could set myself up for better success in tracking this problem down? Thanks, Donovan

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• Redirect specific domains with DNS

  - by user66377

  Currently we filter internet content using OpenDNS, our internal Windows DC/DNS servers point to the router's DNS, which then points to the OpenDNS servers. This works well to block all computer's on the network equally. New issue. We now need to separate what computers can go to what sites. So facebook is blocked for everyone right now, but I need to open it up to the 3 community computers now. The 3 community computers will be on an untrusted network seperate from the company computers so they can have their own DNS server, from their own router. The issue is though they still must connect to the internet using the same IP address. So OpenDNS sees the same IP and blocks them the same way. We are looking into getting a second IP, but it's not likely an option without going up to the next major level with our ISP which we don't want to do. My thought is this. Can I setup a DNS server on the untrusted network, and then depending on the request that comes in, have it send it to either OpenDNS or our ISP's DNS? Example www.facebook.com and www.youtube.com are both on the OpenDNS blacklist. So if they go to www.youtube.com, the local DNS server goes to the ISP's DNS to get the IP and thus the client gets the right IP and can go to the site. This would be manually entered for each allowed site thus creating a white list. Then if they go to www.facebook.com, since the local DNS server does not find an entry, it sends the request to OpenDNS, which then sees the site is on the blacklist, and thus sends the it's blocked webpage. The local DNS server can be either Bind on Linux or MS DNS on Window 2008. If this can be done, can you give some direction as well as I've never setup a DNS such as this before. Thanks

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• Poor SSL performance with vsftpd

  - by petrus

  I'm trying to tweak vsftpd to achieve maximum performance for my usage: I have only one or two clients that connect to the server. File size is between ~15MB and 1GB. Typical transfer batch represent between 1 and 2GB of data. For testing purposes, I'm using a tmpfs on both sides (thus eliminating any disks bottleneck) with a single 1GB file. When SSL is disabled, performance is good, with a transfer rate at ~120MB/s (reaching the limits of gigabit networking). With SSL enabled only for control traffic (and not data traffic), performance drops at about 112MB/s, which is still within the acceptable limits. However, when SSL is enabled for data flows, the transfer speed drops dramatically: 6.7MB/s using 3DES & SHA (ssl_ciphers=DES-CBC3-SHA in vsftpd.conf) 16MB/s using DES & SHA (ssl_ciphers=DES-CBC-SHA) I didn't tested other ciphers, but from what I can see from the CPU usage during the transfer, it seems that vsftpd is only using a single cpu/core per client. While this can fit for large ftp sites with hundreds of clients, I'd like to avoid this behavior and use more ressources on the server. On a side note, if you have any ideas regarding other openssl ciphers...

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• Procmail Postfix issue

  - by Blucreation

  Our server is using CENTOS uses postfix: Nov 1 11:31:52 webserver postfix/smtpd[30424]: 822A91872F: client=unknown[5.133.168.42], sasl_method=PLAIN, [email protected] Nov 1 11:31:52 webserver postfix/cleanup[30427]: 822A91872F: message-id=<[email protected]> Nov 1 11:31:52 webserver postfix/qmgr[1067]: 822A91872F: from=<[email protected]>, size=620, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Nov 1 11:31:52 webserver postfix/virtual[30505]: 822A91872F: to=<[email protected]>, relay=virtual, delay=0.12, delays=0.12/0/0/0, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to maildir) Nov 1 11:31:52 webserver postfix/qmgr[1067]: 822A91872F: removed Nov 1 11:31:52 webserver postfix/smtpd[30424]: disconnect from unknown[5.133.168.42] I have this in my etc/postfix/main.cf: mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail -a "$EXTENSION" My etc/procmailrc contains: PATH="/usr/bin" SHELL="/bin/bash" LOGFILE="/var/log/procmail.log" VERBOSE="YES" LOG="#TEST#" I don't think procmail is picking up on my procmailrc as nothing ever gets logged from normal emails. If i type this: procmail DEFAULT=/dev/null VERBOSE=yes LOGFILE=/var/log/procmail.log /dev/null </dev/null I get entries in my log file so i know procmail is working Am i doing something wrong? am i missing something? I eventually want my rule to call a php script only if the subject contains "SUPPORT TICKET" and the to is "[email protected]" but that's once i this issue solved.

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• Unable to logon using terminal server connection

  - by satch

  I have several W2K3 SP2 servers, admin TS enabled. I discovered this morning, I was unable to logon into some of them. I've a couple of Citrix servers in different farms, a SAP (IA64) app server and a cvs server. All of them show same sympthoms; remote connections are refused. I've been able to logon locally, and terminal server service is up, there are no users (so connections are not depleted). There are no errors in log in most servers. One of the Citrix ones, reported following errors: Event ID 50 Source TermDD Type Error Description The RDP protocol component X.224 detected an error in the protocol stream and has disconnected the client. and Event ID 1006 Source TermService Type Error Description The terminal server received large number of incomplete connections. The system may be under attack. Anyway, I suppose these errors appear because server isn't working, and Citrix users try to logon massively. (I nmap'ed server and port seems up). I've solved this problem rebooting before, but with so many servers affected it seems like a crappy workaround. Any idea about troubleshooting it properly? Thanks in advance

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• Durability of Websockets Server

  - by smitchell360

  I am starting to experiment with websockets. Does anyone know of a websockets server (open source or paid) that provides a durable store of the websocket "channel"? All of the examples that I have found do not address durability -- if a websockets server goes down, all "channel" data is lost. Services such as Pusher do not really discuss whether they address the durability issue (and I have not received a response from tech support yet). Happy to roll my own, but would rather not reinvent the wheel. EDIT: I'm not looking for websockets 101 information. That is readily available and understood. I'm looking for a server (open source or paid) that supports websockets and has a durable store for the websocket data so that, in the event that a server fails, a new server can take over where the original one left off. Two main purposes: 1. support failover scenarios contemplated by the websockets Network Working Group http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ibc-websocket-dns-srv-02#section-5.1 (most importantly so that missed messages are sent when a client connects to a failover server) 2. support scenarios where new subscribers must receive all past messages that were published. Of course this can be handled at the application layer...but that is not what I am looking for.

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• Setup git repository on gentoo server using gitosis & ssh

  - by ikso

  I installed git and gitosis as described here in this guide Here are the steps I took: Server: Gentoo Client: MAC OS X 1) git install emerge dev-util/git 2) gitosis install cd ~/src git clone git://eagain.net/gitosis.git cd gitosis python setup.py install 3) added git user adduser --system --shell /bin/sh --comment 'git version control' --no-user-group --home-dir /home/git git In /etc/shadow now: git:!:14665:::::: 4) On local computer (Mac OS X) (local login is ipx, server login is expert) ssh-keygen -t dsa got 2 files: ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ~/.ssh/id_dsa 5) Copied id_dsa.pub onto server ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub Added content from file ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub into file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys cp ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub /tmp/id_dsa.pub sudo -H -u git gitosis-init < /tmp/id_rsa.pub sudo chmod 755 /home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update 6) Added 2 params to /etc/ssh/sshd_config RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes Full sshd_config: Protocol 2 RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes PasswordAuthentication no UsePAM yes PrintMotd no PrintLastLog no Subsystem sftp /usr/lib64/misc/sftp-server 7) Local settings in file ~/.ssh/config: Host myserver.com.ua User expert Port 22 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_dsa 8) Tested: ssh [email protected] Done! 9) Next step. There I have problem git clone [email protected]:gitosis-admin.git cd gitosis-admin SSH asked password for user git. Why ssh should allow me to login as user git? The git user doesn't have a password. The ssh key I created is for the user expert. How this should work? Do I have to add some params to sshd_config?

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• Docs for OpenSSH CA-based certificate based authentication

  - by Zoredache

  OpenSSH 5.4 added a new method for certificate authentication (changes). * Add support for certificate authentication of users and hosts using a new, minimal OpenSSH certificate format (not X.509). Certificates contain a public key, identity information and some validity constraints and are signed with a standard SSH public key using ssh-keygen(1). CA keys may be marked as trusted in authorized_keys or via a TrustedUserCAKeys option in sshd_config(5) (for user authentication), or in known_hosts (for host authentication). Documentation for certificate support may be found in ssh-keygen(1), sshd(8) and ssh(1) and a description of the protocol extensions in PROTOCOL.certkeys. Is there any guides or documentation beyond what is mentioned in the ssh-keygen man-page? The man page covers how to generate certificate and use them, but it doesn't really seem to provide much information about the certificate authority setup. For example, can I sign the keys with an intermediate CA, and have the server trust the parent CA? This comment about the new feature seems to mean that I could setup my servers to trust the CA, then setup a method to sign keys, and then users would not have to publish their individual keys on the server. This also seems to support key expiration, which is great since getting rid of old/invalid keys is more difficult then it should be. But I am hoping to find some more documentation about describe the total configuration CA, SSH server, and SSH client settings needed to make this work.

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• Router recommendation to virtualize 800 IPs

  - by delerious010

  I've recently been looking at getting some new load balancers for our environment as we are expecting to double our client base in the next 12 months. Currently we have 400 public IPS serving 800 clusters ( 2 clusters / IP due to ports ) on Coyote Point Balancers, and distributing connections to 3 web servers serving about 6GBytes outgoing, 2Gbytes in per day. If we double, this would be about 800 IPs, possibly 1600 clusters, and about 6 servers per cluster ( for a total of 9600 so called "real servers" using Barracuda's lingo ). Due to the amount of clusters, most solutions I've looked at ( Coyote, Barracuda, Loadbalancer.org ) seem to be unsure whether they'll be able to handle our planned growth, mostly due to health checks performed on the servers ... which makes total sense when you think of it. So the fine folk at loadbalancer.org recommended that we may be better off offload the 400-800 public IPs, which we require for SSL eCommerce solutions, over to a forward facing router. From that point on, the router could do some mangling to route EXT_IP:443 to INT_IP:INT_PORT which would then allow us to reduce the Load Balancer configuration to 1 or 2 clusters, thus resolving the health check problem. Does this idea make sense to yall ? Or would you have other recommendations to make ? Secondly, what router would you recommend for such an undertaking ? I'd be looking at something that has some form of failover mechanism built in. On a totally unrelated note, I've got to admit that I'm extremely pleased with the responses I got from loadbalancer.org. Their responses to my inquiries were surprisingly helpful ( i.e. I didn't feel as if I was taking to a sales guy trying to push something ). ( No I don't work for them, and sadly nor are they sending me free gear ).

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• How do I make ESXi 5.0 to shutdown virtual machines when the physical power button is pushed?

  - by Pawel Sawicki

  I have a home NAS/DLNA server built out of an HP Micro Server with the HP branded VMware ESXi 5.0.0 build-623860 (free license) installed. Being a home media center I'd like it to be "manageable" by all my household members. This requires that it needs to be powered on an off (including all the VMs inside) by anybody with the physical access to the server by simply pressing the power button on the chassis. The "startup" part is easy to obtain - all I had to do was to configure the startup/shutdown policy: Once the server powers up, all VMs start as well and that's exactly what I need. Well.. it did work up until 5.0.0U1, but that's a different story: http://blogs.vmware.com/vsphere/2012/03/free-esxi-hypervisor-auto-start-breaks-with-50-update-1.html Unfortunately, pressing the power button doesn't gracefully shutdown the guest machines - they are terminated instead. If I run the "shut down" command from the vSphere Client interface guests are powered off. I'd like to get the same end result when the physical power button is switched. I've poked around a bit on the ESXi server. There's a "/sbin/shutdown.sh" script that seemed to do exactly what I need... but after trying it does exactly what the power off button. The "/etc/inittab" contains an entry for the "shutdown" level but I suppose it's not hooked to the power button. I can't find any acpi related configuration, neither do I know what exactly is executed when the power button is pressed. Does anybody have a clue how can I make the VMs shutdown automatically when the physical power switch is pressed to turn of the computer?

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• OpenWrt vs DDWrt

  - by Ioan Paul Pirau

  I have a TP-Link Wr1043ND router and I want to install one of these two firmwares: OpenWRT DD-WRT I read that I can install custom packages and do much more than I can with the original firmware. I would like to ask someone with experience in using both OpenWRT and DD-WRT which he would recommend and why. And to give a few reference points I'm interested in: reliability – network stability both on cable and wireless and on the usb drive performance – network speed, very important also usb drive speed configurability – the possibility to add extensions such as a torrent client, FTP, SSH, WWW and SVN server directly ease of use – the ease of installation and configuration of the router support/docs – how much info there is if you stumble upon a problem and you have to find some documentation, or if there's any free support (but that's a longshot) Of course I don't imagine that I will find the perfect firmware and that one is vastly superior over the other. Also if there's anyone out there who uses one of these firmwares on a TP-Link Wr1043ND, it would be great to get some feedback about the impact of the changes from the original firmware. P.S. I'm open also for Tomato if it's the better one.

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• Throughput; capacity planning help for C10K like design

  - by z8000

  I am designing a network service in which clients connect and stay connected -- the model is not far off from IRC less the s2s connections. I could use some help understanding how to do capacity planning, in particular with the system resource costs associated with handling messages from/to clients. There's an article that tried to get 1 million clients connected to the same server [1]. Of course, most of these clients were completely idle in the test. If the clients sent a message every 5 seconds or so the system would surely be brought to its knees. But... How do you do less hand-waving and you know, measure such a breaking point? We're talking about messages being sent by a client over a TCP socket, into the kernel, and read by an application. The data is shuffled around in memory from one buffer to another. Do I need to consider memory throughput ("5 GT/s" [2], etc.)? I'm pretty sure I have the ability to measure the basic memory requirements due to TCP/IP buffers, expected bandwidth, and CPU resources required to process messages. I'm a little dim on what I'm calling "thoughput". Help! Also, does anyone really do this? Or, do most people sort of hand-wave and see what the real world offers, and then react appropriately? [1] http://www.metabrew.com/article/a-million-user-comet-application-with-mochiweb-part-3/ [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GT/s

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• VNC on Xen failure

  - by BCable

  The following config works and creates a good VM in Xen: # Kernel Setup kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18.8-xenU" # Memory memory = "256" # Disk disk = [ "file:/opt/xen/domains/110/sda1.img,sda1,w", "file:/opt/xen/domains/110/swap.img,sda2,w" ] # container name name = "110" hostname = "boo" # Networking vif = ["type=ieomu, bridge=xenbr0"] # VNC vnc = 1 #vfb = [ 'type=vnc,vncdisplay=2,vnclisten=0.0.0.0,vncpasswd=110' ] # Behavior Settings root = "/dev/sda1" extra = "fastboot" But when I uncomment the VFB line, I get the following error after it hangs for at least 30 seconds: [root@customer 110]# xm create boo.cfg Using config file "./boo.cfg". Error: Device 0 (vkbd) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working. Any ideas? Part two of this question: Sometimes it actually works, and a port is opened. When this happens, nmap shows the VNC ports open and I can connect via the VNC client, but it just hangs at "Connection established." and no VNC display shows up. I've tried multiple VNC clients (TightVNC, TightVNC Java Console, RealVNC), but they all fail to connect. Does VNC through Xen require X to be started in order to function? I was under the impression that it would show the console screen, so I'm confused as to why all these issues are occurring. Thanks!

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• vmware vmdk disk problem

  - by dmtr

  Hello, I have a vmware esxi 4 server and 2 storage servers (mount as nfs). Between the storage servers (fedora 14) is made drbd cluster (dual primary) and ocfs2 filesystem, also every server has local partition with ext4 filesystem, both are mounted as nfs on esxi server. When i tried to copy a virtual machine (naturally it power off) files from ext4 partition to ocfs2 partition, vmdk total file size is different, but md5sum is the same. on ext4 partition: # ls -la total 28492228 -rw------- 1 root root 42949672960 Jan 14 14:46 disk-flat.vmdk # md5sum disk-flat.vmdk 0eaebe3138beb32f54ea5de6dfe5a987 on ocfs2 partition: # ls -la total 13974660 -rw------- 1 root root 42949672960 Jan 14 16:16 disk-flat.vmdk # md5sum disk-flat.vmdk 0eaebe3138beb32f54ea5de6dfe5a987 When i power on the virtual machine from ocfs2 partition it dosn't work. I have a windows on the virtual machine and it freez?s after windows logo. From ext4 partition the virtual machine is worked. Test with linux (create and install on ext4 partition and copy) the same problem appears. When i create a virtual machine directly from ocfs2 partition, there are no problems. I tried to copy via vSphere client, and i have the same problem. Any suggestions ?

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