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• Make isolinux 4.0.3 chainload itself

  - by chainloader

  I have a bootable iso which boots into isolinux 4.0.3 and I want to make it chainload itself (my actual goal is to chainload isolinux.bin v4.0.1-debian, which should start up the Ubuntu10.10 Live CD, but for now I just want to make it chainload itself). I can't get isolinux to chainload any isolinux.bin, no matter what version. It either freezes or shows a "checksum error" message. I'm using VMWare to test the iso. Things I have tried: .com32 /boot/isolinux/chain.c32 /boot/isolinux/isolinux-debug.bin (chainload self) this shows Loading the boot file... Booting... ISOLINUX 4.03 2010-10-22 Copyright (C) 1994-2010 H. Peter Anvin et al isolinux: Starting up, DL = 9F isolinux: Loaded spec packet OK, drive = 9F isolinux: Main image LBA = 53F00100 ...and the machine freezes. Then I've tried this (chainload GRUB4DOS 0.4.5b) chainloader /boot/isolinux/isolinux-debug.bin Result: Error 13: Invalid or unsupported executable format Next try: (chainload GRUB4DOS 0.4.5b) chainloader --force /boot/isolinux/isolinux-debug.bin boot Result: ISOLINUX 4.03 2010-10-22 Copyright (C) 1994-2010 H. Peter Anvin et al isolinux: Starting up, DL = 9F isolinux: Loaded spec packet OK, drive = 9F isolinux: No boot info table, assuming single session disk... isolinux: Spec packet missing LBA information, trying to wing it... isolinux: Main image LBA = 00000686 isolinux: Image checksum error, sorry... Boot failed: press a key to retry... I have tried other things, but all of them failed miserably. Any suggestions?

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• Desktop virtualization

  - by gurpal2000

  Is there currently a proper Type 1 "desktop" hypervisor? Either free or not? This is just for tinkering around at home on some beefy Phenom machines. Basically i want to be able to run say 2 OSs on the same PC but without loading windows or a heavy flavour of linux and then use a hotkey to switch between them. I should get full performance out of them. So do i need something better than vmware workstation and/or virtualbox. I think these are "Type 2"? I already run VMWare w/s and VBox but is there a more performant solution? I saw a YouTube video from Citrix where a laptop was running XP and Vista. With the touch of a hot key they could switch between them. There was no visible underlying OS (there might be a hypervisor)? I have access to Citrix XenDesktop 3 enterprise edition evaluation. I realise this isn't for desktops but can i achieve my goal (geekiness) ? If i use the free XenServer 5.5.0 how do my client PCs access windows/linux/whatever from the xenserver? Is it via a thin client RDP type application? If so if there one for both windows and linux? Also if i do use XenServer can i use USB in either direction? What is Citrix receiver can i use that for (3) ? If so, is there some hotkey i can configure? whatever client is used to access the server software (whether it be on a different server or local) can i get full opengl/directx acceleration? what about Xen? i tried the Xen LiveCD but no clue as how to configure it. As you can see much confusion. Any help/pointers welcome. Cheers.

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• Remote Desktop to Server 2008 fails from one particular Win7 client

  - by Jesse McGrew

  I have a VPS running Windows Web Server 2008 R2. I'm able to connect using Remote Desktop from my home PC (Windows 7), personal laptop (Windows 7), and work laptop (Windows XP). However, I cannot connect from my work PC (Windows 7). I receive the error "The logon attempt failed" in the RDP client, and the server event log shows "An account failed to log on" with this explanation: Subject: Security ID: NULL SID Account Name: - Account Domain: - Logon ID: 0x0 Logon Type: 3 Account For Which Logon Failed: Security ID: NULL SID Account Name: username Account Domain: hostname Failure Information: Failure Reason: Unknown user name or bad password. Status: 0xc000006d Sub Status: 0xc0000064 Process Information: Caller Process ID: 0x0 Caller Process Name: - Network Information: Workstation Name: JESSE-PC Source Network Address: - Source Port: - Detailed Authentication Information: Logon Process: NtLmSsp Authentication Package: NTLM Transited Services: - Package Name (NTLM only): - Key Length: 0 I can connect from the offending work PC if I start up Windows XP Mode and use the RDP client inside that. The server is part of a domain but my account is local, so I'm logging in using a username of the form hostname\username. None of the clients are part of a domain. The server uses a self-signed certificate, and connecting from home I get a warning about that, but connecting from work I just get the logon error.

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• SSO "Portal"

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  Pursuant to my question on alleviating the password explosion, I've contacted some of the services to whom we are paying money to access their websites to ask if we could authenticate our own users, and some of them said yes and send me specs on how to do so. (One of the sites called such a system a page a "portal"; I've never heard the term used in quite that way.) It is simple enough that I am tempted to roll my own. The largest complication is that one site wants us to store a key for every user in our database (and I think the LDAP database makes sense) after their initial login. So, non-trivial, but doable. The nature of these sorts of tasks, I expect, is that if they start out small and simple, they don't end that way. There must be some software that addresses this that is readily extended, surely. In my searching, I've come across: SimpleSAMLphp JOSSO RubyCAS-Server Shibboleth Pubcookie OpenID [Wow, gee. I'd missed some of those in my previous searches! The wikipedia page on Central Authentication Services is useful, and the section on Alternatives to OpenID makes it look like there is a lot of choice.] Can anyone recommend any of these, or suggest ones to avoid? Internally, we are authenticating using Apple's Open Directory [ == OpenLDAP + Kerberos + Password Server (which, I believe, == SAML) ]. As far as extending/tweaking/advanced configuration of a system, I am able to program in Python, C++, can do some basic PHP, and may be able to remember some Java. Looks like I need to pick up Ruby at some point. Addendum: I would also like users to be able to change their passwords over the web (and for certain users to change passwords of other users).

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• Postfix: Using google apps for stmp errors

  - by Zed Said

  I am using postfix and need to send the mail using google apps smtp. I am getting errors after I thought I had set everything up correctly: May 11 09:50:57 zedsaid postfix/error[22214]: 00E009693FB: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=2466, delays=2462/3.4/0/0.06, dsn=4.7.0, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: SASL authentication failed; cannot authenticate to server smtp.gmail.com[74.125.155.109]: no mechanism available) May 11 09:50:57 zedsaid postfix/error[22213]: 0ACB36D1B94: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=2486, delays=2482/3.4/0/0.06, dsn=4.7.0, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: SASL authentication failed; cannot authenticate to server smtp.gmail.com[74.125.155.109]: no mechanism available) May 11 09:50:57 zedsaid postfix/error[22232]: 067379693D3: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=2421, delays=2417/3.4/0/0.06, dsn=4.7.0, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: SASL authentication failed; cannot authenticate to server smtp.gmail.com[74.125.155.109]: no mechanism available) main.cf: # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters #smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem #smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = zedsaid.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = #relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all delay_warning_time = 4h smtpd_recipient_limit = 16 # how many error before back off. smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3 # how many max errors before blocking it. smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12 ## Gmail Relay relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587 smtp_use_tls = yes smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_mechanism_filter = login smtp_tls_eccert_file = smtp_tls_eckey_file = smtp_use_tls = yes smtp_enforce_tls = no smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/cacert.pem smtpd_tls_received_header = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport debug_peer_list = smtp.gmail.com debug_peer_level = 3 What am I doing wrong?

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• Windows PE network setup

  - by microchasm

  I'm walking through the following step-by-step guide for deploying Windows 7 via AIK: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd349348%28WS.10%29.aspx On step 4 (Capturing the Installation onto a Network Share), I run into a bit of a snag: attempting to connect to a network drive repeatedly fails. I'm using/deploying Dell Optiplex 380 64 bit machines, and the network cards seem to be really wonky. On the machine that I'm using to run AIK etc, the network driver wasn't found automatically. I had to manually go in and install the driver (which was found on the OEM installation media). I've since copied this to the USB key that I'm using for the Autounattend.xml so its handy. I think that because of this, the PE environment doesn't or can't instantiate the network device. Is there a way to install/configure the network device through the command prompt in PE? If not, I read about adding in the answer file path(s) to drivers, but if I did it this way, would I have to start the process all over again (i.e. create new Autounattend.xml with the PnPcustomizations path included, re-run the installation on the reference machine, install all the applications, re-make the PE iso, reboot into new PE iso)? Any shortcuts, direction, or advice would be appreciated. Thanks!

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• Moving users folder on Windows-7 to another partition - bad idea?

  - by Donat

  Hi, I'd like to re-submit here a question posted by Benjol on Aug 17at 5:57 "Moving users folder on Windows Vista to another partition - bad idea?" (I can't post one than one link until I earn "10 reputation" and removed my "answer" there to post my follow-up questions here). I am anxiously getting ready at long last to to carry out a clean install (using custom install option) from Vista to Windows-7 Home Premium 64bit with the free upgrade I received late October. For my Vista system I successfully set-up last Summer a multi-partitions scheme with Users and Program Data on a a different partition than the operating system (see link below, and its subsequent links in my comment for details). http://tuts4tech.net/2009/08/05/windows-7-move-the-users-and-program-files-directories-to-a-different-partition/comment-page-1/#comment-562 I was planning a similar set-up for windows 7, a little more streamlined, with OS, Program Files on C:, Users and Program Data on D:, and TV media recording on a separate partition. Reading the Question submitted by Benjol, I am second guessing too. Is moving Users and Program Data on a different partition than the default primary partition with OS and Program Files such a good idea? The couple of people I talked to at the official Microsoft Windows 7 booth at CES 2010 gave the same answer to the intention of moving the Users profile folder to another partition. In a nutshell, they all told me that they used to do this in XP and less in Vista but not anymore with Windows 7... "It is stable, after two months still no problem" I had the feeling it was a scripted answer to emphasize how Windows 7 is so stable and efficient... (Will Windows-7 system not become bugged down over the course of several months to a year or two? Only time will tell) Long story short, I share the same view than Benjol expressed with respect to being "able to backup and restore system and user data independently." I just received a 2TB usb2, eSATA external hard drive as a back-up drive, which includes NTI Shadow 4 (4.1.0.150) for back-up solution. I took note of the issue with NTUSER.DAT and I will read more about Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) for Windows 7. I am willing to put the effort if placing Users and Program Data on a different partition would allow to restore a fresher OS+Program image when the system gets bugged down. Questions: Is it such a bad idea? What is the "easy route" referred by Benjol in his post? Is it to just relocate folders to another partition using the Folder property tool? (It is not practical for several users and might not provide a straightforward restore process of just OS and Program Files when needed.) I am starting to learn about Windows 7 libraries. Would Windows 7 libraries be another alternative to achieve this? All this reading to decide how to organize the partition scheme for my custom system is starting to be confusing. I apologize for this lengthy Question. It is my first day here on SuperUser and I am just learning how different from a discussion thread it is. Thank you in advance for all your suggestions and comments. Donat

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• Installing mod_pagespeed (Apache module) on CentOS

  - by Sid B

  I have a CentOS (5.7 Final) system on which I already have Apache (2.2.3) installed. I have installed mod_pagespeed by following the instructions on: http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/download.html and got the following while installing: # rpm -U mod-pagespeed-*.rpm warning: mod-pagespeed-beta_current_x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 7fac5991 [ OK ] atd: [ OK ] It does appear to be installed properly: # apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES Loaded Modules: ... pagespeed_module (shared) And I've made the following changes in /etc/httpd/conf.d/pagespeed.conf Added: ModPagespeedEnableFilters collapse_whitespace,elide_attributes ModPagespeedEnableFilters combine_css,rewrite_css,move_css_to_head,inline_css ModPagespeedEnableFilters rewrite_javascript,inline_javascript ModPagespeedEnableFilters rewrite_images,insert_img_dimensions ModPagespeedEnableFilters extend_cache ModPagespeedEnableFilters remove_quotes,remove_comments ModPagespeedEnableFilters add_instrumentation Commented out the following lines in mod_pagespeed_statistics <Location /mod_pagespeed_statistics> **# Order allow,deny** # You may insert other "Allow from" lines to add hosts you want to # allow to look at generated statistics. Another possibility is # to comment out the "Order" and "Allow" options from the config # file, to allow any client that can reach your server to examine # statistics. This might be appropriate in an experimental setup or # if the Apache server is protected by a reverse proxy that will # filter URLs in some fashion. **# Allow from localhost** **# Allow from 127.0.0.1** SetHandler mod_pagespeed_statistics </Location> As a separate note, I'm trying to run the prescribed system tests as specified on google's site, but it gives the following error. I'm averse to updating wget on my server, as I'm sure there's no need for it for the actual module to function correctly. ./system_test.sh www.domain.com You have the wrong version of wget. 1.12 is required.

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• Mac creating files w/ wrong perms on samba share

  - by geoffjentry

  In my group, which is very heterogeneous in terms of machines, we use a samba share to collaborate on files and such. In all but one case, it works as expected (or at least close enough). The one exception is my boss' laptop, a snow leopard macbook air. On his desktop (also snow leopard), if he creates a file it ends up serverside with perms of 774, but when he creates it with the Air, the perms are 644. The key problem is the lack of group write permission on the laptop created files. What's really confusing is that everything that I've looked at on the two machines are identical - same version of OS X, same version of samba (3.0.25b-apple), same settings for the same software, etc. I can't imagine why one machine would be different than the other, but it is. To try to be complete w/ the description, here is the relevant portion of my smb.conf file: comment = my Share path = /path/to/share public = no writeable = yes printable = no force group = myshare directory mask = 0770 create mask = 0770 force create mode = 0770 force directory mode = 0770 EDIT: I looked at three more Macs and all of them worked as expected which leaves this one laptop the true oddball. This wasn't as good as a test as the others though, as they were all leopard.

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• Debian DNSSEC - howto secure a domain?

  - by Daniel Marschall

  I have a beginner question about DNSSEC. I have much experience with TLS and cryptography-stuff and would like to try out this new technology. I have googled very much about this but I haven't found useful information for me. I think one confusion in information gathering is that "Debian howto DNSSEC setup" can mean "How to USE DNSSEC for resolving" OR "How to secure your domain with DNSSEC". I am searching the second. I am running a Debian Squeeze server with root privileges which has a domain name ending with ".de" (which is already signed by the root zone). The network interface at this server uses the gateway IP (DNS resolver?) of the datacentre the server is running on. My domain is hosted at freedns.afraid.org , where I can add DNS RRs for my domain. They are currently NOT capable of adding DNSSEC RRs, but I am bugging them to support this soon. ;-) My simple question is: How do I setup DNSSEC on Debian? Resp. who have I ask to? As far as I understand, all I have to do is to run dnssec-keygen on my Debian server and then add the key to my DNS-provider as DNSSEC RR. (And change it every 30 days?) I have looked at this http://www.isc.org/files/DNSSEC_in_6_minutes.pdf but it looks like you have to be the owner of a ZONE, so I don't think this applies to me. Who needs to sign my domain? My DNS-provider or my zone (DeNIC) or can I do it myself? Any help is very appreciated!

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• Looking for an application that scrolls or pans netbook screens running Windows

  - by Rob

  I'm looking for a Windows 7 and XP compatible Windows desktop panning/scrolling tool. This is to solve a problem where some applications for example MSN have settings/preference Windows that are not resizeable. I have a Netbook with a small maximum screen resolution e.g. 1024x600. The fixed non-resizeable windows are too large for this display screen size so I cannot see all of the items on these windows, particularly the OK button to save settings. What I would like is a desktop scrolling/panning tool where if I move my mouse pointer to any edge of the display, it pans to show the region of the too-large-fixed window that I could not see. I use a Samsung N110 and Toshiba NB100 netbooks. I'm looking for: A general program that provides desktop panning/scrolling/expanded resolution to allow all regions of a non-resizeable fixed window Preferably a non-graphics hardware specific program but will accept a solution that works with both the above machines I'm NOT looking for (i.e. unsatisfactory answers others have asked that I've already searched and found): Advice on what programs to use that DON'T have the problem of fixed windows Alternative operating system solutions Plugging in an external monitor with larger resolution - I use this option but I need a solution when one is not available, e.g. while travelling etc Advice about not using small screen netbooks - I enjoy the compact convenience of them Advice about change the dpi settings in the Control Panel Display settings Advice about guesswork with the tab key to move the focus the off-screen item I cannot see Thank you in advance.

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• Getting some French-Canadian keyboard strokes to work on English keyboard

  - by Gradient

  I'm trying to use some of the French-Canadian keyboard stokes I'm used to on an English keyboard. I would like to change the behaviour of some keys. I was able to implement these changes in Vim, but I would like them to be applied system-wide (for Windows and Ubuntu). Here's what I want to implement : If I press [a, the character printed is â. When I press [r, something that's supposed to stay normal, the characters printed are [r. If I hold [ for 3 seconds, [ is printed. I want this delay to be applied to all my modified keys. I want to map < to ' and the characters 'e to è. The complex problem here is that I only want the ' beside the ; key to produce the è character, NOT when I press the < (remapped to ') then e. I'll show you a .vimrc file that implements this, now I want this behavior system-wide: set timeout timeoutlen=3000 ttimeoutlen=100 inoremap [a â inoremap [A Â inoremap [e ê inoremap [E Ê inoremap [i î inoremap [I Î inoremap [o ô inoremap [O Ô inoremap [u û inoremap [U Û inoremap 'a à inoremap 'A À inoremap 'e è inoremap 'E È inoremap 'u ù inoremap 'U Ù inoremap }e ë inoremap }E Ë inoremap }i ï inoremap }I Ï inoremap }u ü inoremap }U Ü inoremap ]c ç inoremap ]C Ç inoremap / é inoremap < '

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• Is current SATA 6 gb/s equipment simply unreliable?

  - by korkman

  I have a 45-disk array of Seagate Barracuda 3 TB ST3000DM001 (yes these are desktop drives I'm aware of that) in a Supermicro sc847 JBOD, connected via LSI 9285. I have found a solution for the problem description below by reducing speed via MegaCli -PhySetLinkSpeed -phy0 2 -a0; for i in $(seq 48); do MegaCli -PhySetLinkSpeed -phy${i} 2 -a0; done and rebooting. The question remains: Is this typical for current 6 gb/s equipment? Is this the sad state of SATA storage? Or is some of my equipment (the sff-8088 cables come to mind) bad? The Problem was: Synchronizing HW RAID-6, disks kept offlining. Fetching SMART values reveiled that those which offlined did not increase powered-on hours anymore. That is, their firmware (CC4C) seems to crash. Digging into the matter by switching to Software RAID-6, with the disks passed-through, I got tons of kernel messages scattered across all disks, with 6 gb/s: sd 0:0:9:0: [sdb] Sense Key : No Sense [current] Info fld=0x0 sd 0:0:9:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: No additional sense information And finally, when a disk offlines: megasas: [ 5]waiting for 160 commands to complete ... megasas: [35]waiting for 159 commands to complete ... megasas: [155]waiting for 156 commands to complete ... megaraid_sas: pending commands remain after waiting, will reset adapter. Ugly controller reset here, then minutes later: megaraid_sas: Reset successful. sd 0:0:28:0: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery ... sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] Result: hostbyte=DID_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 23 21 2f 40 00 00 70 00 sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] killing request Reduced speed to 3 gb/s like written above, all problems vanished.

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• Textmate add multiline text at end of line

  - by Yuval

  In Textmate, I am able to add text to several lines at once by clicking and holding the Option key and dragging with the mouse. say I have the following lines: foo 1: foo 2: foo 3: I can easily click and hold option and then drag down with the lines to select the text at the end of each line, and then type "bar" once and it will be added to all lines, as such: foo 1: bar foo 2: bar foo 3: bar Fantastic. The problem I run into, is when my lines aren't the same length, as such foo 19: foo 37842342346: foo 503: Now if I want to add text to the end of each line, I have to either do it manually, or choose enough space so that the longest line is not overwritten, as such: foo 19: bar foo 37842342346: bar foo 503: bar This results in a lot of unwanted whitespace in lines that don't need it. Granted, I could easily run a regular expression search to replace all multiple occurrences of a space with a single one, but I was wondering if there's a way to select all ending of lines at once without having to do that. Any idea? Thanks!

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• postfix smtpd rejecting mail from outside network match_list_match: no match

  - by Loopo

  My postfix (V: 2.5.5-1.1) running on ubuntu server (9.04) started to reject mail arriving in from outside about 2 weeks ago. Doing a "manual" session via telnet shows that the connection is always closed after the MAIL FROM: [email protected] line is input, with the message "Connection closed by foreign host." Doing the same from another client inside the LAN works fine. In the log files I get the line "lost connection after MAIL from xxxxx.tld[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]" This is after some lines like: match_hostaddr: XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX ~? [::1]/128 match_hostname: XXXX.tld ~? 192.168.1.0/24 ... match_list_match: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx: no match which seem to suggest some kind of filter which checks for allowed addresses. I have been unable to locate where this filter lives, or how to turn it off. I'm not even sure if that's what's causing my problem. Connections from inside the LAN don't get disconnected even though they also show a "match_list_match: ... no match" line. I didn't change any configuration files recently, below is my main.cf as it currently stands. I don't really know what all the parameters do and how they interact. I just set it up initially and it worked fine (up to recently). smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (GNU) biff = no readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/server.crt smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/server.key #smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_sasl_auth_enable = no smtp_use_tls=no smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/smtp_auth myhostname = XXXXXXX.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = XXXX.XXXX.com, XXXX.com, localhost.XXXXX.com, localhost relayhost = XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 192.168.1.0/24 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all smtpd_sasl_local_domain = #smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_ when checking the process list, postfix/smtpd runs as smtpd -n smtp -t inet -u -c -o stress -v -v Any clues?

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• Can I use a single SSLCertificateFile for all my VirtualHosts instead of creating one of it for each VirtualHost?

  - by user65567

  I have many Apache VirtualHosts for each of which I use a dedicated SSLCertificateFile. This is an configuration example of a VirtualHost: <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName subdomain.domain.localhost DocumentRoot "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/users/public" RackEnv development <Directory "/Users/<my_user_name>/Sites/users/publ`enter code here`ic"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # SSL Configuration SSLEngine on #Self Signed certificates SSLCertificateFile /private/etc/apache2/ssl/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /private/etc/apache2/ssl/server.key SSLCertificateChainFile /private/etc/apache2/ssl/ca.crt </VirtualHost> Since I am maintaining more Ruby on Rails applications using Passenger Preference Pane, this is a part of the apache2 httpd.conf file: <IfModule passenger_module> NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName _default_ </VirtualHost> Include /private/etc/apache2/passenger_pane_vhosts/*.conf </IfModule> Can I use a single SSLCertificateFile for all my VirtualHosts (I have heard of wildcards) instead of creating one of it for each VirtualHost? If so, how can I change the files listed above?

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• Mac OS X Disk Encryption - Automation

  - by jfm429

  I want to setup a Mac Mini server with an external drive that is encrypted. In Finder, I can use the full-disk encryption option. However, for multiple users, this could become tricky. What I want to do is encrypt the external volume, then set things up so that when the machine boots, the disk is unlocked so that all users can access it. Of course permissions need to be maintained, but that goes without saying. What I'm thinking of doing is setting up a root-level launchd script that runs once on boot and unlocks the disk. The encryption keys would probably be stored in root's keychain. So here's my list of concerns: If I store the encryption keys in the system keychain, then the file in /private/var/db/SystemKey could be used to unlock the keychain if an attacker ever gained physical access to the server. this is bad. If I store the encryption keys in my user keychain, I have to manually run the command with my password. This is undesirable. If I run a launchd script with my user credentials, it will run under my user account but won't have access to the keychain, defeating the purpose. If root has a keychain (does it?) then how would it be decrypted? Would it remain locked until the password was entered (like the user keychain) or would it have the same problem as the system keychain, with keys stored on the drive and accessible with physical access? Assuming all of the above works, I've found diskutil coreStorage unlockVolume which seems to be the appropriate command, but the details of where to store the encryption key is the biggest problem. If the system keychain is not secure enough, and user keychains require a password, what's the best option?

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• Cisco ASA dropping IPsec VPN between istself and CentOS server

  - by sebelk

  Currently we're trying to set up an IPsec VPN between a Cisco ASA Version 8.0(4) and a CentOS Linux server. The tunnel comes up successfully, but for some reason that we can't figure out, the firewall is dropping packets from the VPN. The IPsec settings in the ASA sre as follows: crypto ipsec transform-set up-transform-set esp-3des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set up-transform-set2 esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set up-transform-set3 esp-aes esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set up-transform-set4 esp-aes esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 crypto map linuxserver 10 match address filtro-encrypt-linuxserver crypto map linuxserver 10 set peer linuxserver crypto map linuxserver 10 set transform-set up-transform-set2 up-transform-set3 up-transform-set4 crypto map linuxserver 10 set security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto map linuxserver 10 set security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 crypto map linuxserver interface outside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share encryption aes hash sha group 2 lifetime 28800 crypto isakmp policy 2 authentication pre-share encryption aes-256 hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 crypto isakmp policy 3 authentication pre-share encryption aes-256 hash md5 group 2 lifetime 86400 crypto isakmp policy 4 authentication pre-share encryption aes-192 hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 crypto isakmp policy 5 authentication pre-share encryption aes-192 hash md5 group 2 group-policy linuxserverip internal group-policy linuxserverip attributes vpn-filter value filtro-linuxserverip tunnel-group linuxserverip type ipsec-l2l tunnel-group linuxserverip general-attributes default-group-policy linuxserverip tunnel-group linuxserverip ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * Does anyone know where the problem is and how to fix it?

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• openSSL tutorial not fully working - Can sign but cannot restore original file

  - by djechelon

  I'm writing, and testing, a little tutorial for my groupmates involved in an openSSL homework. We have a bunch of PDF files, I'm the CA and each one should send me a signed PDF for me to be verified. I've told them to do the following (and tried to do it by myself) Request and obtain a certificate (I'll skip this part) Create a MIME message with the PDF file in it makemime -c "text/pdf" -a "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=”Elaborato.pdf" Elaborato.pdf > Elaborato.pdf.msg Sign with openSSL openssl smime -sign -in Elaborato.pdf.msg -out Elaborato.pdf.p7m -certfile ca.pem -certfile nomegruppo.crt -inkey nomegruppo.key -signer nomegruppo.crt Verify with openssl smime -verify -in Elaborato.pdf.p7m -out Elaborato-verified.msg -CAfile ca.pem -signer nomegruppo.crt Extract attachment with munpack Elaborato-verified.msg View with Acrobat Reader The problem is that even if I get a file that (from its binary content) resembles a PDF file my current Ubuntu PDF viewer doesn't read it. The XXXElaborato.pdf extracted by munpack is a little bit smaller than the original. What's the problem with this procedure? In theory, they should send me the signed S/MIME message and I should be able to read the PDF within it. Why can't I restore the original content of the PDF file?

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• Trying to delete directory with "rm -rf", but get message that it's not empty

  - by Ben Hocking

  I've tried deleting a directory using "rm -rf" and I'm getting the message "Directory not empty": Bens-MacBook-Pro:please benjaminhocking$ ls -lart empty_directory/ total 16 drwxr-xr-x 5 benjaminhocking staff 170 Aug 27 14:46 . drwxr-xr-x 3 benjaminhocking staff 102 Aug 27 15:28 .. Bens-MacBook-Pro:please benjaminhocking$ rm -rf empty_directory/ rm: empty_directory/: Directory not empty Bens-MacBook-Pro:please benjaminhocking$ rmdir empty_directory/ rmdir: empty_directory/: Directory not empty If I try the same thing using Finder (dragging the folder to the Trash), I get the message The operation can’t be completed because the item “empty_directory” is in use. I've tried doing xattr -d com.apple.quarantine, purely out of superstition, but it did no good. A probably important piece of context is that this directory was initially in a directory that should've been deleted by a "make clean" command I issued prior to Terminal locking up on me, after which a little over half of the other programs I had running also locked up, including Skype, and eventually the OS itself. I ended up having to reboot the computer by pressing and holding the power key. Edit to add: Another important piece of information I left off was that this was happening in an encrypted folder à la encfs. I was able to track down the corresponding folder in the encrypted side of things and delete it there. I still don't know why I couldn't do it from the decrypted side of things like I normally do. I'll leave this unanswered for now in case anyone has a good answer for that.

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• Client certificate based encryption

  - by Timo Willemsen

  I have a question about security of a file on a webserver. I have a file on my webserver which is used by my webapplication. It's a bitcoin wallet. Essentially it's a file with a private key in it used to decrypt messages. Now, my webapplication uses the file, because it's used to recieve transactions made trough the bitcoin network. I was looking into ways to secure it. Obviously if someone has root access to the server, he can do the same as my application. However, I need to find a way to encrypt it. I was thinking of something like this, but I have no clue if this is actually going to work: Client logs in with some sort of client certificate. Webapplication creates a wallet file. Webapplication encrypts file with client certificate. If the application wants to access the file, it has to use the client certificate. So basically, if someone gets root access to the site, they cannot access the wallet. Is this possible and does anyone know about an implementation of this? Are there any problems with this? And how safe would this be?

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• Is there an SSL equivelent to an ssh agent?

  - by Matthew J Morrison

  Here is my situation: There are a number of developers who all need to have access to be able to install ruby gems and python eggs from a remote source. Currently, we have a server inside our firewall that hosts the gems and eggs. We now want the ability to be able to install things hosted on that server outside of our firewall. Since some of the gems and eggs that we host are proprietary I would like to somewhat lock access to that machine down, as unobtrusively as possible to the developers. My first thought was using something like ssh keys. So, I spent some time looking at SSL mutual authentication. I was able to get everything set up and working correctly, testing with curl, but the unfortunate thing was that I had to pass extra arguments to curl so it knows about the certificate, key and certificate authority. I was wondering if there is anything like the ssh agent that I can set up to provide that information automatically so that I can push the certificates and keys to the developer's machines so the developers don't have to log in or provide keys each time they try to install something. Another thing that I want to avoid is having to modify the 'gem' command and the 'pip' command to provide keys when they make the http connection. Any other suggestions that may solve this problem (not related to ssl mutual auth) are also welcome. EDIT: I've been continuing to research this and I came across stunnel. I think this may be what I'm looking for, any feedback regarding stunnel would also be great!

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• How to use WPA2 client mode in the Linux-based Cisco WAP4410N access point

  - by joechip

  I have a Cisco WAP4410N access point that I want to use as a client to connect to a WPA2 wireless network (for WLAN service monitoring purposes). Supposedly this access point supports a "Wireless Client/Repeater" mode that allows to do this. The Repeater function is optional (I have that box unchecked so that nobody can connect to this access point wirelessly). I have verified through SSH that the access point gets configured as a client and not as a Master. But it never associates to the SSID I ask it to. This is what iwconfig shows: ath04 IEEE 802.11ng ESSID:"myownssid" Mode:Managed Channel:0 Access Point: Not-Associated Bit Rate:0 kb/s Tx-Power:14 dBm Sensitivity=1/3 Retry:off RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off Link Quality=0/94 Signal level=161/162 Noise level=161/161 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 Although I've never done this from the command line, I suppose I could use wpa_supplicant or wpa_client to associate it, but I don't know how to do that without editing configuration files and the filesystem is readonly. Besides, I would have to run those commands manually after every reboot. I'd like to know how to do this the Cisco way, if possible. If not, any trick to make this work would be useful. Edit: This is with the latest firmware, 2.0.4.2. And I found that not all of the filesystem is readonly, since /var and /tmp are mounted with type ramfs.

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• Sending emails with Thunderbird + Postfix + Zarafa does not work

  - by Sven Jung

  I installed zarafa on my vserver and use as MTA postfix. The webaccess works fine, I can revceive and send emails, also receiving mails with thunderbird (IMAP ssl/tls) works. But there is a problem, sending emails with thunderbird. I established an account in thunderbird with imap ssl/tls connection which works finde, and a starttls smtp connection on port 25 for the outgoing mail server. If I try to send an email with thunderbird I get an error: 5.7.1 Relay access denied this is my mail.log Sep 7 16:10:07 postfix/smtpd[6153]: connect from p4FE06C0A.dip.t-dialin.net[79.224.110.10] Sep 7 16:10:08 postfix/smtpd[6153]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from p4FE06C0A.dip.t-dialin.net[79.224.110.10]: 554 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denie$ Sep 7 16:10:10 postfix/smtpd[6153]: disconnect from p4FE06C0A.dip.t-dialin.net[79.224.110.10] and this my /etc/postfix/main.conf # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache virtual_mailbox_domains = firstdomain.de, seconddomain.de virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual virtual_transport = lmtp:127.0.0.1:2003 myhostname = mail.firstdomain.de alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = localhost relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = ipv4 I don't know what to do, because actually sending mails to internal and external addresses works with the webaccess. Perhaps somebody can help me?

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• Connection refused after installing vsftp on Ubuntu 8.04 with fail2ban

  - by Patrick

  I have been using an Ubuntu 8.04 server with fail2ban for a while now (12+ months) and using ftp over SSH without any problems. I have a new user that needs to put files onto the server from an IP modem. I have installed vsftp (sudo apt-get install vsftp) and everything installed correctly. I have created an ftp user on the server following this guide. Whenever I try to connect to the server with my ftp program (filezilla) I get an immediate response of: Connection attempt failed with "ECONNREFUSED - Connection refused by server". I have looked into fail2ban and cannot find any problems. The iptables setup is: Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination fail2ban-ssh tcp -- anywhere anywhere multiport dports ssh Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain fail2ban-ssh (1 references) target prot opt source destination RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere VSFTP config file (commented lines removed) listen=YES anonymous_enable=NO local_enable=YES write_enable=YES dirmessage_enable=YES xferlog_enable=YES connect_from_port_20=YES chown_uploads=YES chown_username=[username] secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd pam_service_name=vsftpd rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key Any ideas on what is preventing access to the server?

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