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  • Can observer pattern be represented by cars and traffic lights?

    - by eeerahul
    I wanted to verify with all of you, if I have a correct Observer Pattern analogy. The scenario is as follows: Consider, at a junction, there is a traffic signal, having red, yellow and green lights respectively. There are vehicles facing the traffic signal post. When it shows red, the vehicles stop, when it shows green, the vehicles move on. In case, it is yellow, the driver must decide whether to go or to stop, depending on whether he/she has crossed the stop line or not. At the same time, there are vehicles that do not care about the signal. They would do as they like. The similarities are that, the Traffic Signal happens to be the subject, notifying its states by glowing the appropriate lights. Those looking at it and following the signal are the ones subscribed to it, and behave according to the state of the subject. Those who do not care about it, are sort-of un-subscribed from the traffic signal. Please tell me, if you think this is a correct analogy or not?

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  • How to signal object instantiation in a Collaboration/Communication Diagram?

    - by devoured elysium
    I'd like to know how to translate the following line of code to a Collaboration Diagram: Food food = new Food("abc", 123); I know that I can call an Food's method using the following notation: MyStaticMethod() ----------------------> -------- | | | Food | | | -------- being that equivalent to Taste taste = Food.MyStaticMethod(); and MyInstanceMethod() ----------------------> --------------- | | | food : Food | | | --------------- is equivalent to food.MyInstanceMethod(); but how do I signal that I want to call a given constructor on Food? Thanks

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  • What is a good client for handling large amounts of mail ?

    - by ldigas
    Although the title sums it up nice, I'll repeat and explain. What would be a good email client for handling large amounts of mail ? Large portion of mails I receive come with attachments (zip, rar, pdf, dwg, etc.) and within a month I usually have another 1,5-2Gb of new mail. I've noticed that 'standard' Outlook Express (with whose interface I've been very happy) gets awfully slow after a while. Archiving helps but not much. Then I usually take the files, move them onto a dvd, delete all messages I can do without and start anew. The thing is, I would love to have them all in email client since I often go after some old mails (slow projects). So, what would be good alternatives ? If it is portable, that would also be nice, but I can also live without it. post scriptum: I love @gmail, but cannot use it for work. I know I could theoretically forward all of it there, and back, but that approach doesn't make my boss very happy (email handling policies and similar).

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  • download and process a file by ftp at set intervals, with error handling, rescheduling and status messages

    - by compound eye
    I want to download a data file from a remote ftp server to my machine at regular intervals. Once the file is downloaded I want to call another script which will process the file. My development machine is mac os x, the eventual deployment environment is linux. What's would be the stock standard way to automate this? I know I can use cron to schedule curl to download and to run a script that will process the downloaded file at regular intervals, and I know could write a slightly more complex script or an application that would do this and add error handling, rescheduling and sending status emails. But one of my requirements for this project is to write as little custom code as possible, instead I should try to use standard, tried and true existing tools, and if I do have to write code, to try and write the most straightforward code possible. The reason for this is the code will potentially be installed on a large number of machines, all of which will need to be tweaked, customised and maintained by different people, long after I am gone from the project, so the intention is to use well documented, well supported tools as much as possible. This seems such a common task, there must be tools and scripts all over the internet, written by people who have carefully considered everything that could possibly go wrong when you need to download and process a file from a remote server at regular intervals, with error handling, rescheduling and sending status messages. Is that what Expect is for? What would you recommend? (the system will be downloading weather prediction data every six hours, so that the system can prepare in the event of bad weather warnings)

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  • Error "exit signal Bus error (7)" How to continue after making a backtrace?

    - by Mikel
    I have a Centos Server in 1and1 with Apache, Magento, MagentoBooster and Xcache installed. The server usually (1-8 times per day) prints this error "exit signal Bus error (7)" and sometimes this causes Apache not to respond. I have made a backtrace with GDB, but I don't know how to continue. gdb /usr/sbin/httpd core.XXXX --batch --quiet -ex "thread apply all bt full" backtrace.log The backtrace: [New Thread 15312] [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Core was generated by `/usr/sbin/httpd'. Program terminated with signal 7, Bus error. #0 0x00002abcf6c7324e in memcpy () from /lib64/libc.so.6 Thread 1 (Thread 0x2abcf8c72300 (LWP 15312)): #0 0x00002abcf6c7324e in memcpy () from /lib64/libc.so.6 No symbol table info available. #1 0x00002abd02e6b9c7 in ?? () from /usr/lib64/php/modules//php_ioncube_loader_lin_5.2_x86_64.so No symbol table info available. #2 0x00002abd02ed4d47 in _zval_dup () from /usr/lib64/php/modules//php_ioncube_loader_lin_5.2_x86_64.so No symbol table info available. #3 0x00002abd02ecdffb in ?? () from /usr/lib64/php/modules//php_ioncube_loader_lin_5.2_x86_64.so No symbol table info available. #4 0x00002abd02c32636 in xc_compile_file (h=0x7fffc3e7e4f0, type=2) at /opt/xcache-1.3.2-rc1/xcache.c:1060 __orig_bailout = 0x7fffc3e88f10 __bailout = {{__jmpbuf = {46991244125792, 3379122525071325456, 46991369192208, 140736480142576, 140736480142656, 46991244125792, 3379207471940512272, 3379122524988693332}, __mask_was_saved = 0, __saved_mask = {__val = {46991369228841, 46991369206800, 46991369195208, 46991382361728, 46991369196536, 46991369206984, 46991369210744, 0, 46991240130544, 140733193388033, 0, 140736480142296, 46991240361284, 46991369207528, 46991369232128, 3}}}} sandbox = {alloc = 0, filename = 0x2abd078dd0e0 "/var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN/httpdocs/var/ait_rewrite/67b58abff9e6bd7b400bb2fc1903bf2f.php", orig_included_files = {nTableSize = 256, nTableMask = 255, nNumOfElements = 191, nNextFreeElement = 0, pInternalPointer = 0x2abcf4da53d0, pListHead = 0x2abcf4da53d0, pListTail = 0x2abd07dfeb28, arBuckets = 0x2abd0896d690, pDestructor = 0, persistent = 0 '\000', nApplyCount = 0 '\000', bApplyProtection = 1 '\001'}, tmp_included_files = 0x2abd0069e830, orig_zend_constants = 0x2abd0d630b60, tmp_zend_constants = {nTableSize = 2048, nTableMask = 2047, nNumOfElements = 1559, nNextFreeElement = 0, pInternalPointer = 0x2abd08283760, pListHead = 0x2abd08283760, pListTail = 0x2abd08320810, arBuckets = 0x2abd08302aa0, pDestructor = 0x2abd02c34850 <xc_free_zend_constant>, persistent = 1 '\001', nApplyCount = 0 '\000', bApplyProtection = 1 '\001'}, orig_function_table = 0x2abd0d61f340, orig_class_table = 0x2abd0d61f2b0, orig_auto_globals = 0x2abd0d618910, tmp_function_table = {nTableSize = 2048, nTableMask = 2047, nNumOfElements = 1555, nNextFreeElement = 0, pInternalPointer = 0x2abd08320ce0, pListHead = 0x2abd08320ce0, pListTail = 0x2abd0933fe60, arBuckets = 0x2abd079c8500, pDestructor = 0x2abd0033e1d0 <zend_function_dtor>, persistent = 1 '\001', nApplyCount = 0 '\000', bApplyProtection = 0 '\000'}, tmp_class_table = { nTableSize = 16, nTableMask = 15, nNumOfElements = 0, nNextFreeElement = 0, pInternalPointer = 0x0, pListHead = 0x0, pListTail = 0x0, arBuckets = 0x2abd079dbf60, pDestructor = 0x2abd0033dcf0 <destroy_zend_class>, persistent = 1 '\001', nApplyCount = 0 '\000', bApplyProtection = 0 '\000'}, tmp_auto_globals = {nTableSize = 16, nTableMask = 15, nNumOfElements = 9, nNextFreeElement = 0, pInternalPointer = 0x2abd0933ffc0, pListHead = 0x2abd0933ffc0, pListTail = 0x2abd093403e0, arBuckets = 0x2abd09340470, pDestructor = 0, persistent = 1 '\001', nApplyCount = 0 '\000', bApplyProtection = 0 '\000'}, tmp_internal_constant_tail = 0x2abd08320810, tmp_internal_function_tail = 0x2abd0933fe60, tmp_internal_class_tail = 0x0, orig_user_error_handler_error_reporting = 8191} op_array = <value optimized out> xce = {type = XC_TYPE_PHP, hvalue = 2460, next = 0x2abd0d939e60, cache = 0x2abd0d90b038, size = 10, refcount = 46991369191320, hits = 4, ctime = 46991362335072, atime = 8, dtime = 46991240673248, ttl = 46991369192096, name = {lval = 46991363920096, dval = 2.3216818564143281e-310, str = { val = 0x2abd078dd0e0 "/var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN/httpdocs/var/ait_rewrite/67b58abff9e6bd7b400bb2fc1903bf2f.php", len = 107}, ht = 0x2abd078dd0e0, obj = {handle = 126734560, handlers = 0x2abd0000006b}}, data = {php = 0x7fffc3e7e440, var = 0x7fffc3e7e440}, have_references = 0 '\000'} stored_xce = 0x0 php = {sourcesize = 8947, device = 64769, inode = 9907963, mtime = 1353055102, op_array = 0x2abd00344004, constinfo_cnt = 1, constinfos = 0x0, funcinfo_cnt = 132120232, funcinfos = 0x8, classinfo_cnt = 8, classinfos = 0x0, have_early_binding = 168 '\250', autoglobal_cnt = 10941, autoglobals = 0x8} cache = 0x2abd0d90b038 catched = <value optimized out> filename = <value optimized out> opened_path_buffer = "\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000I\032\065\000\275*\000\000\300\347i\000\275*\000\000\001\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\377\377\377\377\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\003\000\000\000[\337\227\337,\002pr\n\000\000\000\000\000\000\000P\323\347\303\377\177\000\000\357\367\220\b\275*\000\000\243\002M\a\275*\000\000\005", '\000' <repeats 15 times>"\357, \367\220\b\275*\000\000\244\002M\a\275*\000\000Du0\000\275*\000\000\b\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\232b=\365\000\000\000\000\002\000\000\000\377\177\000\000\005\000\000\000\275*\000\000\220\322\347\303\377\177\000\000\000\020\000\000\000\000\000\000,\324\347\303\377\177\000\000`\321\347\303^", '\000' <repeats 27 times>, "\f\000\000 \001", '\000' <repeats 11 times>"\260, \322\347\303", '\000' <repeats 12 times>, "P\323\347\303\377\177\000\000x\225\332\364\004\000\000\000\001\000\000\000\031\000\000\000\300\331\336\a\275*\000\000\300\331\336\a\275*\000\000"... old_constinfo_cnt = 1559 old_funcinfo_cnt = 1555 old_classinfo_cnt = 0 #5 0x00002abd003290bf in compile_filename () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #6 0x00002abd00398ded in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #7 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #8 0x00002abd0033b796 in zend_call_function () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #9 0x00002abd0035b1e1 in zend_call_method () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #10 0x00002abd00273bf4 in zif_spl_autoload_call () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #11 0x00002abd0033b945 in zend_call_function () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #12 0x00002abd0033c51e in zend_lookup_class_ex () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #13 0x00002abd0033c728 in zend_fetch_class () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #14 0x00002abd003a61ab in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #15 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #16 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #17 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #18 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #19 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #20 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #21 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #22 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #23 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #24 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #25 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #26 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #27 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #28 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #29 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #30 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #31 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #32 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #33 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #34 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #35 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #36 0x00002abd00366b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #37 0x00002abd0036628c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #38 0x00002abd00346943 in zend_execute_scripts () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #39 0x00002abd00306898 in php_execute_script () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #40 0x00002abd003cb09d in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #41 0x00002abcf4cfca0a in ap_run_handler () No symbol table info available. #42 0x00002abcf4cffe98 in ap_invoke_handler () No symbol table info available. #43 0x00002abcf4d0a74a in ap_internal_redirect () No symbol table info available. #44 0x00002abcfdb45bf0 in ap_make_dirstr_parent () from /etc/httpd/modules/mod_rewrite.so No symbol table info available. #45 0x00002abcf4cfca0a in ap_run_handler () No symbol table info available. #46 0x00002abcf4cffe98 in ap_invoke_handler () No symbol table info available. #47 0x00002abcf4d0a8f8 in ap_process_request () No symbol table info available. #48 0x00002abcf4d07b30 in ?? () No symbol table info available. #49 0x00002abcf4d03c92 in ap_run_process_connection () No symbol table info available. #50 0x00002abcf4d0e7a9 in ?? () No symbol table info available. #51 0x00002abcf4d0ea3a in ?? () No symbol table info available. #52 0x00002abcf4d0f29d in ap_mpm_run () No symbol table info available. #53 0x00002abcf4ce9e48 in main () No symbol table info available. Can anyone help me? ADITIONAL INFO php -v PHP 5.2.10 (cli) (built: Nov 13 2009 11:44:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2009 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2009 Zend Technologies with XCache v1.3.2-rc1, Copyright (c) 2005-2011, by mOo with the ionCube PHP Loader v3.1.28, Copyright (c) 2002-2007, by ionCube Ltd. httpd -v Server version: Apache/2.2.3 Server built: May 4 2011 06:51:15 Apache modules: core prefork http_core mod_so mod_auth_basic mod_auth_digest mod_authn_file mod_authn_alias mod_authn_anon mod_authn_dbm mod_authn_default mod_authz_host mod_authz_user mod_authz_owner mod_authz_groupfile mod_authz_dbm mod_authz_default util_ldap mod_authnz_ldap mod_include mod_log_config mod_logio mod_env mod_ext_filter mod_mime_magic mod_expires mod_deflate mod_headers mod_usertrack mod_setenvif mod_mime mod_dav mod_status mod_autoindex mod_info mod_dav_fs mod_vhost_alias mod_negotiation mod_dir mod_actions mod_speling mod_userdir mod_alias mod_rewrite mod_proxy mod_proxy_balancer mod_proxy_ftp mod_proxy_http mod_proxy_connect mod_cache mod_suexec mod_disk_cache mod_file_cache mod_mem_cache mod_cgi mod_version mod_fcgid mod_perl mod_php5 mod_proxy_ajp mod_python mod_ssl Aditional modules: dbase ionCube Loader sysvsem sysvshm EDIT (November 18) I have disabled some suspicious modules and the error persist. The new backtrace: [New Thread 12403] [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Core was generated by `/usr/sbin/httpd'. Program terminated with signal 7, Bus error. #0 0x00002b0c5754a24e in memcpy () from /lib64/libc.so.6 Thread 1 (Thread 0x2b0c59549300 (LWP 12403)): #0 0x00002b0c5754a24e in memcpy () from /lib64/libc.so.6 No symbol table info available. #1 0x00002b0c558519c7 in ?? () from /usr/lib64/php/modules//php_ioncube_loader_lin_5.2_x86_64.so No symbol table info available. #2 0x00002b0c558bad47 in _zval_dup () from /usr/lib64/php/modules//php_ioncube_loader_lin_5.2_x86_64.so No symbol table info available. #3 0x00002b0c558b3ffb in ?? () from /usr/lib64/php/modules//php_ioncube_loader_lin_5.2_x86_64.so No symbol table info available. #4 0x00002b0c60d650bf in compile_filename () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #5 0x00002b0c60dd4ded in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #6 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #7 0x00002b0c60d77796 in zend_call_function () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #8 0x00002b0c60d971e1 in zend_call_method () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #9 0x00002b0c60cafbf4 in zif_spl_autoload_call () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #10 0x00002b0c60d77945 in zend_call_function () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #11 0x00002b0c60d7851e in zend_lookup_class_ex () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #12 0x00002b0c60d78728 in zend_fetch_class () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #13 0x00002b0c60de21ab in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #14 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #15 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #16 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #17 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #18 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #19 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #20 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #21 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #22 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #23 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #24 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #25 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #26 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #27 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #28 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #29 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #30 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #31 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #32 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #33 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #34 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #35 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #36 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #37 0x00002b0c60da2b91 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #38 0x00002b0c60da228c in execute () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #39 0x00002b0c60d82943 in zend_execute_scripts () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #40 0x00002b0c60d42898 in php_execute_script () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #41 0x00002b0c60e0709d in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/libphp5.so No symbol table info available. #42 0x00002b0c555d3a0a in ap_run_handler () No symbol table info available. #43 0x00002b0c555d6e98 in ap_invoke_handler () No symbol table info available. #44 0x00002b0c555e174a in ap_internal_redirect () No symbol table info available. #45 0x00002b0c5e41cbf0 in ap_make_dirstr_parent () from /etc/httpd/modules/mod_rewrite.so No symbol table info available. #46 0x00002b0c555d3a0a in ap_run_handler () No symbol table info available. #47 0x00002b0c555d6e98 in ap_invoke_handler () No symbol table info available. #48 0x00002b0c555e18f8 in ap_process_request () No symbol table info available. #49 0x00002b0c555deb30 in ?? () No symbol table info available. #50 0x00002b0c555dac92 in ap_run_process_connection () No symbol table info available. #51 0x00002b0c555e57a9 in ?? () No symbol table info available. #52 0x00002b0c555e5a3a in ?? () No symbol table info available. #53 0x00002b0c555e629d in ap_mpm_run () No symbol table info available. #54 0x00002b0c555c0e48 in main () No symbol table info available.

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  • Program received signal: “0”. warning: check_safe_call: could not restore current frame

    - by Kaushik
    Require urgent help!:( i m developing a game and i m dealing with around 20 images at the same time. As per my knowledge, i m allocating and deallocating the images at right places. Game runs for around 15 min fine but quits with an error message: "Program received signal: “0”. warning: check_safe_call: could not restore current frame" i also tried debugging with memory leak tools provided in Xcode but could not find any issue with memory management or any increase in memory size on simulator it works fine but not on the device. i m confused wht can be the issue. Any help is appreciated. Thanx in advance

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  • How to start dovecot?

    - by chudapati09
    I'm building a web server to host multiple websites. I got everything working except the mail server. I'm using linode to host my vps and I've been following their tutorials. FYI, I'm using Ubuntu 11.10. Here is the link I've been following, http://library.linode.com/email/postfix/dovecot-mysql-ubuntu-10.04-lucid. I got up to the part where it tells me to restart dovecot, so I tried "service dovecot restart". But then I get this "restart: Unknown instance:". I'm logged in as root, so I'm not using sudo. Since that didn't work I tried "/etc/init.d/dovecot restart" and I get "dovecot start/running, process 4760". So I try "/etc/init.d/dovecot status" and I get "dovecot stop/waiting". So I tried "service dovecot start" and I get "dovecot start/running, process 4781". So I tried to get the status, so I tired "service dovecot status" and got "dovecot stop/waiting" Then I tired "/etc/init.d/dovecot start" and I get "dovecot start/running, process 4794". So I tired to get the status, so I tired "/etc/init.d/dovecot status" and got "dovecot stop/waiting" Just for kicks and giggles I tired to kill the process, I used the PID that I got when I did "service dovecot start", this was the command "kill -9 4444" and I get this "bash: kill: (4805) - No such process" Am I doing something wrong? --EDIT 1-- The following are logs that were found in /var/log/syslog that involved dovecot dovecot: master: Dovecot v2.0.13 starting up (core dumps disabled) dovecot: ssl-params: Generating SSL parameters dovecot: ssl-params: SSL parameters regeneration completed dovecot: master: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) dovecot: config: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) dovecot: anvil: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) dovecot: log: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) kernel: init: dovecot main process (10276) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (10289) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (10452) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (2275) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (3028) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (3216) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (3230) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (3254) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (3813) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (3845) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (4664) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (4760) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (4781) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (4794) terminated with status 89 kernel: init: dovecot main process (4805) terminated with status 89 --Edit 2 (/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf)-- The following is the dovecot.conf file protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s log_timestamp = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S " mail_location = maildir:/home/vmail/%d/%n/Maildir ssl_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pem ssl_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem namespace private { separator = . prefix = INBOX. inbox = yes } protocol lda { log_path = /home/vmail/dovecot-deliver.log auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master postmaster_address = postmaster@[mydomainname.com] mail_plugins = sieve global_script_path = /home/vmail/globalsieverc } protocol pop3 { pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv } auth default { user = root passdb sql { args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf } userdb static { args = uid=5000 gid=5000 home=/home/vmail/%d/%n allow_all_users=yes } socket listen { master { path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master mode = 0600 user = vmail } client { path = /var/spool/postfix/private/auth mode = 0660 user = postfix group = postfix } } } -- Edit 3 (/var/log/mail.log) -- The following is what is in /var/log/mail.log dovecot: master: Dovecot v2.0.13 starting up (core dumps disabled) dovecot: ssl-params: Generating SSL parameters postfix/master[9917]: daemon started -- version 2.8.5, configuration /etc/postfix dovecot: ssl-params: SSL parameters regeneration completed postfix/master[9917]: terminating on signal 15 postfix/master[10196]: daemon started -- version 2.8.5, configuration /etc/postfix dovecot: master: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) dovecot: config: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) dovecot: anvil: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) dovecot: log: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill) postfix/master[2435]: daemon started -- version 2.8.5, configuration /etc/postfix postfix/master[2435]: terminating on signal 15 postfix/master[2965]: daemon started -- version 2.8.5, configuration /etc/postfix

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  • Am I correctly handling duplicate URLs for my homepage?

    - by Rob Goldstein
    I own a Job Search site named www.conservationjobboard.com and have a concern about how the domain is viewed by search engines. The issue is that when the site was first designed, the default page was left as default.php, but the homepage was actually JobBoard.php. To handle this, the default.php page performed a redirect to the JobBoard.php file when www.conservationjobboard.com/ was requested. The main problem resulted because the redirect was a temporary redirect causing search engines to index conservationjobboard.com/ and conservationjobboard.com/JobBoard.php as 2 separate pages. This has since been corrected to use the .htaccess file so that JobBoard.php is now the default file for the root directory eliminating the need for the redirect. Problem is that search engines still show both URL's in search results (one including JobBoard.php and one that ends with /). Another potential problem is that some of my early backlinks are to conservationjobboard.com/JobBoard.php while the rest are to conservationjobboard.com The 2 outstanding questions are as follows: 1. Is my domain still being penalized by search engines like Google for having duplicate homepage URL's? 2. Are all of the back links to my homepage being considered as the same now or is the total number of back links being split between the 2 different URL's? If you think there are still issues with how we have this set-up, I was wondering if you could give me advice on what we should do differently. Thanks.

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  • How can I improve my error checking and handling?

    - by Google
    Lately I have been struggling to understand what the right amount of checking is and what the proper methods are. I have a few questions regarding this: What is the proper way to check for errors (bad input, bad states, etc)? Is it better to explicitly check for errors, or use functions like asserts which can be optimized out of your final code? I feel like explicitly checking clutters a program with a lot of extra code which shouldn't be executed in most situations anyway-- and not to mention most errors end up with an abort/exit failure. Why clutter a function with explicit checks just to abort? I have looked for asserts versus explicit checking of errors and found little to truly explain when to do either. Most say 'use asserts to check for logic errors and use explicit checks to check for other failures.' This doesn't seem to get us very far though. Would we say this is feasible: Malloc returning null, check explictly API user inserting odd input for functions, use asserts Would this make me any better at error checking? What else can I do? I really want to improve and write better, 'professional' code.

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  • What is the proper SEO handling of pages appearing in popups using IFRAMEs?

    - by Alexis Wilke
    I am working on a CMS which makes use of IFRAMEs to display some forms, for illustration, say a Search form. So the user clicks the Search button and the website reacts by opening a popup window which includes an IFRAME to the actual Search form. This means I have a "bare"¹ page with the search form. Page which, obviously, is directly accessible via its own URI. In terms of SEO, the forms have no content worthy of being indexed, so I was thinking to mark them as NOINDEX. Is that the correct way to handle such pages? From what I read on some other question, Google suggests to put links from IFRAMEs to other pages. However, I definitively do not want a user visible link to the Home page, or whatever page in link with the form, in the content of my forms because that could be misinterpreted by the user. However, if <link> tags would work too, which one should I use? (i.e. "top" would work, right? with the home page in there?) ¹ By bare I mean that the normal theme is not show, it will be a plain white background with just and only the simplest form.

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  • What's the best practice to do SOA exception handling?

    - by sun1991
    Here's some interesting debate going on between me and my colleague when coming to handle SOA exceptions: On one side, I support what Juval Lowy said in Programming WCF Services 3rd Edition: As stated at the beginning of this chapter, it is a common illusion that clients care about errors or have anything meaningful to do when they occur. Any attempt to bake such capabilities into the client creates an inordinate degree of coupling between the client and the object, raising serious design questions. How could the client possibly know more about the error than the service, unless it is tightly coupled to it? What if the error originated several layers below the service—should the client be coupled to those lowlevel layers? Should the client try the call again? How often and how frequently? Should the client inform the user of the error? Is there a user? By having all service exceptions be indistinguishable from one another, WCF decouples the client from the service. The less the client knows about what happened on the service side, the more decoupled the interaction will be. On the other side, here's what my colleague suggest: I believe it’s simply incorrect, as it does not align with best practices in building a service oriented architecture and it ignores the general idea that there are problems that users are able to recover from, such as not keying a value correctly. If we considered only systems exceptions, perhaps this idea holds, but systems exceptions are only part of the exception domain. User recoverable exceptions are the other part of the domain and are likely to happen on a regular basis. I believe the correct way to build a service oriented architecture is to map user recoverable situations to checked exceptions, then to marshall each checked exception back to the client as a unique exception that client application programmers are able to handle appropriately. Marshall all runtime exceptions back to the client as a system exception, along with the stack trace so that it is easy to troubleshoot the root cause. I'd like to know what you think about this? Thank you.

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  • Handling SMS/email convergence: how does a good business app do it?

    - by Tim Cooper
    I'm writing a school administration software package, but it strikes me that many developers will face this same issue: when communicating with users, should you use email or SMS or both, and should you treat them as fundamentally equivalent channels such that any message can get sent using any media, (with long and short forms of the message template obviously) or should different business functions be specifically tailored to each of the 3? This question got kicked off "StackOverflow" for being overly general, so I'm hoping it's not too general for this site - the answers will no doubt be subjective but "you don't need to write a whole book to answer the question". I'm particularly interested in people who have direct experience of having written comparable business applications. Sub-questions: Do I treat SMS as "moderately secure" and email as less secure? (I'm thinking about booking tokens for parent/teacher nights, permission slips for excursions, absence explanation notes - so high security is not a requirement for us, although medium security is) Is it annoying for users to receive the same message on multiple channels? Should we have a unified framework that reports on delivery or lack thereof of emails and SMS's?

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  • Good way of handling class instances in game development?

    - by Bugster
    I'm a new indie game developer, and I've made a few games, but often times when coding I wonder "Is this the way most people do it? Am I doing it wrong?" because I'd like to become a game developer some day, and I really want to get rid of bad practices in time. The way I'm doing it right now is like this: #include <some libraries> #include "Some classes" int main() { Class1 a; Class2 b; Class3 c; a.init(); b.init(); c.init(); // game logic; } Now as I see the game grow, I have more and more classes to initialize and create instances of. This is clean but I'm not sure if this is standard practice. Is this a regular way of creating instances of your game classes or is there a cleaner and more efficient way to do it?

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  • Broad Band LAN connection through existing 6 wire phone line ( no phone connected )

    - by Paul Taylor
    I have an (up to but never achieved ) 10 mb broadband signal coming into my house along the telephone line. The modem then connects the broadband signal via a LAN connection and Wi-Fi signal to my computers and iPad. My workshop desk is 54 yards (approx. 50m) downhill from the modem (part of a separate building) – too far to give a good direct signal. The inside corner of the workshop (by a window) receives a weak signal. I have a disconnected telephone cable consisting of 6 wires going from the house to the workshop. The telephone is no longer used in the workshop - we use our mobile number for business calls. A broad band signal using the cable would not have to share with a phone. What would be the most economic price/efficient way to get the broadband signal to the workshop? I am writing in hope that since the telephone didn't need the six wires, an Ethernet connection might be similar and not need all the eight wires for a LAN connection. In theory could use the telephone wire to pull an Ethernet cable trough the underground pipe but I doubt if the cable would survive the strain. The broad band connection in the workshop does not have to have network facility. My skill level is high enough to do house wiring, plumbing and gas fitting; so given any sound advice and a wiring diagram or instructions I can probably work out the rest myself.

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  • Can I get my video card to output a DVI and VGA signal at the same time?

    - by Roy Pardee
    Hey All, I've got: a lovely 24" monitor, w/both DVI and VGA inputs, a personal desktop w/a Radeon HD Pro 2400 video card (both DVI and VGA outputs) a work laptop w/both outputs, and a KVM switch that handles VGA only Right now I've got laptop connected to the monitor's VGA, and the desktop connected to the DVI. This works, but requires me to switch the KVM and monitor input sources separately, which annoys me (I switch back & forth a lot to make skype calls & manage my music). I'd like to feed both VGA and DVI signals out of my desktop so I can do quick things on my desktop & switch right back, but then when I'm done working, switch the monitor over to DVI to get the crisper picture. Alas, just attaching both VGA and DVI cables to my desktop's video card did not do the trick. Can this card be persuaded to output both signals at the same time? Many thanks! -Roy

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  • Simple Observation in Django: How Can I Correctly Modify The `attrs` sent to __new__ of a Django Mod

    - by DGGenuine
    Hello, I'm a strong proponent of the observer pattern, and this is what I'd like to be able to do in my Django models.py: class AModel(Model): __metaclass__ = SomethingMagical @post_save(AnotherModel) @classmethod def observe_another_model_saved(klass, sender, instance, created, **kwargs): pass @pre_init('YetAnotherModel') @classmethod def observe_yet_another_model_initializing(klass, sender, *args, **kwargs): pass @post_delete('DifferentApp.SomeModel') @classmethod def observe_some_model_deleted(klass, sender, **kwargs): pass This would connect a signal with sender = the decorator's argument and receiver = the decorated method. Right now my signal connection code all exists in __init__.py which is okay, but a little unmaintainable. I want this code all in one place, the models.py file. Thanks to helpful feedback from the community I'm very close (I think.) (I'm using a metaclass solution instead of the class decorator solution in the previous question/answer because you can't set attributes on classmethods, which I need.) I am having a strange error I don't understand. At the end of my post are the contents of a models.py that you can pop into a fresh project/application to see the error. Set your database to sqlite and add the application to installed apps. This is the error: Validating models... Unhandled exception in thread started by Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages//lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 48, in inner_run File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 253, in validate raise CommandError("One or more models did not validate:\n%s" % error_text) django.core.management.base.CommandError: One or more models did not validate: local.myothermodel: 'my_model' has a relation with model MyModel, which has either not been installed or is abstract. I've indicated a few different things you can comment in/out to fix the error. First, if you don't modify the attrs sent to the metaclass's __new__, then the error does not arise. (Note even if you copy the dictionary element by element into a new dictionary, it still fails; only using the exact attrs dictionary works.) Second, if you reference the first model by class rather than by string, the error also doesn't arise regardless of what you do in __new__. I appreciate your help. I'll be githubbing the solution if and when it works. Maybe other people would enjoy a simplified way to use Django signals to observe application happenings. #models.py from django.db import models from django.db.models.base import ModelBase from django.db.models import signals import pdb class UnconnectedMethodWrapper(object): sender = None method = None signal = None def __init__(self, signal, sender, method): self.signal = signal self.sender = sender self.method = method def post_save(sender): return _make_decorator(signals.post_save, sender) def _make_decorator(signal, sender): def decorator(view): return UnconnectedMethodWrapper(signal, sender, view) return decorator class ConnectableModel(ModelBase): """ A meta class for any class that will have static or class methods that need to be connected to signals. """ def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs): unconnecteds = {} ## NO WORK newattrs = {} for name, attr in attrs.iteritems(): if isinstance(attr, UnconnectedMethodWrapper): unconnecteds[name] = attr newattrs[name] = attr.method #replace the UnconnectedMethodWrapper with the method it wrapped. else: newattrs[name] = attr ## NO WORK # newattrs = {} # for name, attr in attrs.iteritems(): # newattrs[name] = attr ## WORKS # newattrs = attrs new = super(ConnectableModel, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, newattrs) for name, unconnected in unconnecteds.iteritems(): _connect_signal(unconnected.signal, unconnected.sender, getattr(new, name), new._meta.app_label) return new def _connect_signal(signal, sender, receiver, default_app_label): # full implementation also accepts basestring as sender and will look up model accordingly signal.connect(sender=sender, receiver=receiver) class MyModel(models.Model): __metaclass__ = ConnectableModel @post_save('In my application this string matters') @classmethod def observe_it(klass, sender, instance, created, **kwargs): pass @classmethod def normal_class_method(klass): pass class MyOtherModel(models.Model): ## WORKS # my_model = models.ForeignKey(MyModel) ## NO WORK my_model = models.ForeignKey('MyModel')

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  • Why would gnu ld link order causes Signal 11 (SEGV) on startup?

    - by Benoit
    We are building a large application in C++ that includes the use of many (static) libraries. We have a problem where the application crashes on startup with a Signal 11, before we even reach main. After much debugging, we have observed that if we explicitly reference an object file so its link order is early, the program crashes on startup. If the file is referenced later (or not referenced at all), the program does not crash. To be clear, there is NO code invoked directly from this object file. However, as it is C++, there might be static objects that do get constructed (it's a CORBA IDL generated file). We use the -Wl,--start-group ... --end-group arguments to multi-pass link the symbols since the libraries are interdependent. Here is a representation of what I mean. This is what the linker's object file order is: Order 1 Order 2 Order 3 foo.o foo.o foo.o ... ... ... main.o main.o main.o crasher.o libA.o libA.o libA.o LibB.o LibB.o LibB.o LibC.o LibC.o LibC.o crasher.o Results: NO CRASH NO CRASH CRASH Does any one have an idea why the linkage order has an effect on the crash? It would be nice if we could force the crasher.o to link later, but we're really after an explanation. Also, is there a way to force the linker to place crasher.o towards the end? Just to add to the fun, in actuality, crasher.o is part of a Library in the --start/--end-group.

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  • Processing Binary Data in SOA Suite 11g

    - by Ramkumar Menon
    SOA Suite 11g provides a variety of ways to exchange binary data amongst applications and endpoints. The illustration below is a bird's-eye view of all the features in SOA Suite to facilitate such exchanges. Handling Binary data in SOA Suite 11g Composites Samples and Step-by-Step Tutorials A few step-by-step tutorials have been uploaded to java.net that illustrate key concepts related to Binary content handling within SOA composites. Each sample consists of a fully built composite project that can be deployed and tested, together with a Readme doc with screenshots to build the project from scratch. Binary Content Handling within File Adapter Samples [Opaque, Streaming, Attachments] SOAP with Attachments [SwA] Sample MTOM Sample Mediator Pass-through for attachments Sample For detailed information on binary content and large document handling within SOA Suite, refer to Chapter 42 of the SOA Suite Developer's Guide. Handling Binary data in Oracle B2B The following diagram illustrates how Oracle B2B facilitates exchange of binary documents between SOA Suite and Trading Partners.

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