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• How does IPv4 Subnetting Work?

  - by Kyle Brandt

  This is a Canonical Question about IPv4 Subnets How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head? Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself. What is classless routing and why is class-based routing obsolete? If I have a network, how do I figure out how to split it up? If I am given a netmask, how do I know what the network Range is for it? Sometimes there is a slash followed by a number, what is that number? Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different? Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this? What is NAT (Network Address Translation).

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• Creating Parent-Child Relationships in SSRS

  - by Tim Murphy

  As I have been working on SQL Server Reporting Services reports the last couple of weeks I ran into a scenario where I needed to present a parent-child data layout.  It is rare that I have seen a report that was a simple tabular or matrix format and this report continued that trend.  I found that the processes for developing complex SSRS reports aren’t as commonly described as I would have thought.  Below I will layout the process that I went through to create a solution. I started with a List control which will contain the layout of the master (parent) information.  This allows for a main repeating report part.  The dataset for this report should include the data elements needed to be passed to the subreport as parameters.  As you can see the layout is simply text boxes that are bound to the dataset. The next step is to set a row group on the List row.  When the dialog appears select the field that you wish to group your report by.  A good example in this case would be the employee name or ID. Create a second report which becomes the subreport.  The example below has a matrix control.  Create the report as you would any parameter driven document by parameterizing the dataset. Add the subreport to the main report inside the row of the List control.  This can be accomplished by either dragging the report from the solution explorer or inserting a Subreport control and then setting the report name property. The last step is to set the parameters on the subreport.  In this case the subreport has EmpId and ReportYear as parameters.  While some of the documentation on this states that the dialog will automatically detect the child parameters, but this has not been my experience.  You must make sure that the names match exactly.  Tie the name of the parameter to either a field in the dataset or a parameter of the parent report. del.icio.us Tags: SQL Server Reporting Services,SSRS,SQL Server,Subreports

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• Was API hooking done as needed for Stuxnet to work? I don't think so

  - by The Kaykay

  Caveat: I am a political science student and I have tried my level best to understand the technicalities; if I still sound naive please overlook that. In the Symantec report on Stuxnet, the authors say that once the worm infects the 32-bit Windows computer which has a WINCC setup on it, Stuxnet does many things and that it specifically hooks the function CreateFileA(). This function is the route which the worm uses to actually infect the .s7p project files that are used to program the PLCs. ie when the PLC programmer opens a file with .s7p the control transfers to the hooked function CreateFileA_hook() instead of CreateFileA(). Once Stuxnet gains the control it covertly inserts code blocks into the PLC without the programmers knowledge and hides it from his view. However, it should be noted that there is also one more function called CreateFileW() which does the same task as CreateFileA() but both work on different character sets. CreateFileA works with ASCII character set and CreateFileW works with wide characters or Unicode character set. Farsi (the language of the Iranians) is a language that needs unicode character set and not ASCII Characters. I'm assuming that the developers of any famous commercial software (for ex. WinCC) that will be sold in many countries will take 'Localization' and/or 'Internationalization' into consideration while it is being developed in order to make the product fail-safe ie. the software developers would use UNICODE while compiling their code and not just 'ASCII'. Thus, I think that CreateFileW() would have been invoked on a WINCC system in Iran instead of CreateFileA(). Do you agree? My question is: If Stuxnet has hooked only the function CreateFileA() then based on the above assumption there is a significant chance that it did not work at all? I think my doubt will get clarified if: my assumption is proved wrong, or the Symantec report is proved incorrect. Please help me clarify this doubt. Note: I had posted this question on the general stackexchange website and did not get appropriate responses that I was looking for so I'm posting it here.

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• Compressing 2D level data

  - by Lucius

  So, I'm developing a 2D, tile based game and a map maker thingy - all in Java. The problem is that recently I've been having some memory issues when about 4 maps are loaded. Each one of these maps are composed of 128x128 tiles and have 4 layers (for details and stuff). I already spent a good amount of time searching for solutions and the best thing I found was run-length enconding (RLE). It seems easy enough to use with static data, but is there a way to use it with data that is constantly changing, without a big drop in performance? In my maps, supposing I'm compressing the columns, I would have 128 rows, each with some amount of data (hopefully less than it would be without RLE). Whenever I change a tile, that whole row would have to be checked and I'm affraid that would slow down too much the production (and I'm in a somewhat tight schedule). Well, worst case scenario I work on each map individually, and save them using RLE, but it would be really nice if I could avoind that. EDIT: What I'm currently using to store the data for the tiles is a 2D array of HashMaps that use the layer as key and store the id of the tile in that position - like this: private HashMap< Integer, Integer [][]

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• Renting an "EC2" server VS buying one (for a start up in initial stages)

  - by krish p

  We are a small start up in the early stages and are working on a SaaS-based Rails product. Currently, we use EC2 for a small instance and have a need for another large/extra-large instance as we are beginning to deploy to the Cloud and get ready to release our "alpha" version. While EC2 was my choice for numerous reasons (reliability, accessibility - small team is geographically dispersed, maintainability, and things of that nature), it appears to be rather expensive. While the product will ultimately be deployed in the Cloud (be it EC2 or otherwise) and that experience would help the development team, would it make sense to purchase a physical server and stick it in the basement or bite the bullet and pay the price for EC2 (or other Cloud Providers)? While such decisions are driven by numerous factors, it would certainly help to get the thoughts of other folks who may have been in similar situations. Hence, the post. Thanks much!

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• How to recover broken dpkg after lucid-bleed ppa-purge?

  - by TryTryAgain

  Did a ppa-purge of lucid-bleed and dpkg didn't downgrade properly and now it is broken. dpkg: PreDepends: tar (>= 1.23) but 1.22-2ubuntu1 is to be installed What scares me is when simulating the removal of dpkg I get: Removing this package may render the system unusable. Are you sure you want to do that? and then the list of packages which depend on it, which will also be removed, is obviously very long. Is it safe for me to remove dpkg just to reinstall it? How would I ensure the list of packages which were also removed are then reinstalled? Will forcing the version of dpkg help? (FYI: simulating a forced version brings up a much smaller list of applications which will also be removed). Any other suggestions? Additional information based on comments: ppa-purge log: http://pastebin.com/1kT8cLvP If I sudo apt-get install dpkg=1.15.5.6ubuntu4.5 I get The following packages have unmet dependencies: libdpkg-perl: Depends: dpkg (= 1.15.8) but 1.15.5.6ubuntu4.5 is to be installed which sucks because that means more would be broken after doing so...but when I force the version through Synaptic I get: To be removed alien, build-essential, cdbs, checkinstall, debhelper, devscripts, dpkg-dev, google-earth-stable, googleearth-package, libdpkg-perl, lintian, lsb, lsb-core, lsb-cxx, lsb-desktop, lsb-graphics, lsb-languages, lsb-multimedia, lsb-printing, lsb-qt4, lsb-security, ubuntu-dev-tools.

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• Oracle Fusion Applications Design Patterns Now Available

  - by Frank Nimphius

  "The Oracle Fusion Applications user experience design patterns are published! These new, reusable usability solutions and best-practices, which will join Oracle dashboard patterns and guidelines that are already available online, are used by Oracle to artfully bring to life a new standard in the user experience, or UX, of enterprise applications. Now, the Oracle applications development community can benefit from the science behind the Oracle Fusion Applications user experience, too.These Oracle Fusion Applications UX Design Patterns, or blueprints, enable Oracle applications developers and system implementers everywhere to leverage professional usability insight when [...]  designing exciting, new, highly usable applications -- in the cloud or on-premise.  Based on the Oracle Application Development Framework (ADF) components, the Oracle Fusion Applications patterns and guidelines are proven with real users and in the Applications UX usability labs, so you can get right to work coding productivity-enhancing designs that provide an advantage for your entire business.  What’s the best way to get started? We’ve made that easy, too. The Design Filter Tool (DeFT) selects the best pattern for your user type and task. Simply adapt your selection for your own task flow and content, and you’re on your way to a really great applications user experience. More Oracle applications design patterns and training are coming your way in the future. To provide feedback on the sets that are currently available, let us know in the comments section or use the contact form provided."

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• how insecure is my short password really?

  - by rika-uehara

  Using systems like TrueCrypt, when I have to define a new password I am often informed that using a short password is insecure and "very easy" to break by brute-force. I always use passwords of 8 characters in length, which are not based on dictionary words, which consists of characters from the set A-Z, a-z, 0-9 I.e. I use password like sDvE98f1 How easy is it to crack such a password by brute-force? I.e. how fast. I know it heavily depends on the hardware but maybe someone could give me an estimate how long it would take to do this on a dual core with 2GHZ or whatever to have a frame of reference for the hardware. To briute-force attack such a password one needs not only to cycle through all combinations but also try to de-crypt with each guessed password which also needs some time. Also, is there some software to brute-force hack truecrypt because I want to try to brute-force crack my own passsword to see how long it takes if it is really that "very easy".

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• Microsoft Office "Read-only" warning not appearing on Samba shares on Mac OS X Server

  - by bongo

  Hi, some of my users don't get the "read-only" warning (but "read-only" does appear on the title bar and the document is indeed opened read-only) when opening Office 2007 documents already opened by another user. We run the samba share off an XSan volume under Mac OS X 10.5.8 Server. Strict locking is on but oplocks are off (from Server Admin). At home, with a simple samba share in 10.6.3 server, it works correctly. Any ideas? or is this a 10.5.8 behavior?

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• Accessing a Web Service: Learning Resource needed

  - by abel

  I have been searching for resources to learn (Java) Web Services. Although I have found a lot of resources and tutorials on JWS, I am confused with the version numbers, the abbreviations and Metro. Plus the last update to Metro was in 2008. Is it a worthwile thing to learn? I wanted to learn how to access Web Services, since an upcoming project is about accessing one. I have some experience with OAuth on Twitter(using code available). Things I know about the project: I have to access a Web Service. Java is the preferred platform to use(Although I know I can use any). Axis can be used to access the Web Service(I have never used Axis) I have a meeting scheduled to learn more, but I sure don't want to look silly since I am no Java expert, have never created or accessed Web Services using Java. My Questions: 1.Can someone point me to a tutorial which will help me learn how to access a already running Web Service (Preferably SOAP(?), not REST. It's XML based) 2. Will you recommend using PHP or Python to do the work of accessing the web service? I am expecting a lot of nay saying, but I hope I get some answers too. I will clarify things if needed.

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• Collapsing Bookmarks

  - by Tim Dexter

  I said I would tackle documenting some of the new features in the 10.1.3.4.1 roll up patch I mentioned last week. With the patch you can now set the default state of bookmarks (if you create them) in your PDF outputs. If your users prefer to see them all collapsed to the base level or may be collapsed to the second level to ease navigation; whatever they need. Its another opportunity for you to look like a star! You of course need to start with a table of contents; then add the convert|copy to bookmarks command. You can then add the new collapse command to set the appropriate level in the bookmarks. <?copy-to-bookmark:?> <?collapse-bookmark:show;2?> <<< Table of Contents >>> <?end convert-to-bookmark?> The command allows you to expand or collapse the bookmarks as you need. Of course you will know how many levels you will have in the final output document. The command takes the form: <?collapse-bookmark:show|hide;level int?> Some examples <?collapse-bookmark:hide;1?> <?collapse-bookmark:hide;2?> <?collapse-bookmark:hide;3?> Sample template and data here. Dont forget you need that 10.1.3.4.1 roll up!

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• GAC and SharePoint

  - by Sahil Malik

  SharePoint 2010 Training: more information GAC and SharePoint have had a funny love & hate relationship. In 2007, SharePoint and GAC fell in love. GAC was about the only practical alternative to deploying custom code. Here is a dirty secret, based on completely unscientific and unfounded research, I can tell you that 99% of SharePoint code written, ended up in the GAC. Yes, I know GAC rhymes with hack, crack, smack, and even mac, but still it was the better alternative. You could write CAS policies and put your DLLs in the bin folder, but it was mighty inconvenient to both write, and maintain. Most of us never did it. There are still some SharePoint developers out there insisting on the bin approach – well, get over it; you’re not winning the fight. CAS is about as outdated as Samantha Fox anyway. It was hot at one point though. So all that code that ended up in the GAC caused lots and lots of headache. Clearly, Microsoft had to get us off the crack, uhh .. I mean the GAC. In Read full article ....

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• StreamInsight Now Available Through Microsoft Update

  - by Roman Schindlauer

  We are pleased to announce that StreamInsight v1.1 is now available for automatic download and install via Microsoft Update globally. In order to enable agile deployment of StreamInsight solutions, you have asked of us a steady cadence of releases with incremental, but highly impactful features and product improvements. Following our StreamInsight 1.0 launch in Spring 2010, we offered StreamInsight 1.1 in Fall 2010 with implicit compatibility and an upgraded setup to support side by side installs. With this setup, your applications will automatically point to the latest runtime, but you still have the choice to point your application back to a 1.0 runtime if you choose to do so. As the next step, in order to enable timely delivery of our releases to you, we are pleased to announce the support for automatic download and install of StreamInsight 1.1 release via Microsoft Update starting this week. If you have a computer: that is subscribed to Microsoft Update (different from Windows Update) has StreamInsight 1.0 installed, and does not yet have StreamInsight 1.1 installed, Microsoft Update will automatically download and install the corresponding StreamInsight 1.1 update side by side with your existing StreamInsight 1.0 installation – across all supported 32-bit and 64-bit Windows operating systems, across 11 supported languages, and across StreamInsight client and server SKUs. This is also supported in WSUS environments, if all your updates are managed from a corporate server (please talk to the WSUS administrator in your enterprise). As an example, if you have SI Client 1.0 DEU and SI Server 1.0 ENU installed on the same computer, Microsoft Update will selectively download and side-by-side install just the SI Client 1.1 DEU and SI Server 1.1 ENU releases. Going forward, Microsoft Update will be our preferred mode of delivery – in addition to support for our download sites, and media based distribution where appropriate. Regards, The StreamInsight Team

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• Access Control Service: Home Realm Discovery (HRD) Gotcha

  - by Your DisplayName here!

  I really like ACS2. One feature that is very useful is home realm discovery. ACS provides a Nascar style list as well as discovery based on email addresses. You can take control of the home realm selection process yourself by downloading the JSON feed or by manually setting the home realm parameter. Plenty of options – the only option missing is turning it off… In other words, when you setup your ACS namespace and realm and register identity provider, there is no way to keep the list of identity providers secret. An interested “user” can always retrieve all registered identity provider (using the browser or download the JSON feed). This may not be an issue with web identity providers, but when you use ACS to federate with customers or business partners, you maybe don’t want to disclose that list to the public (or to other customers). This is an adoption blocker for certain situations. I hope this feature will be added soon. In addition I would also like to see a feature I call “home realm aliases”. Some random string that I can use as a whr parameter instead of using the real issuer URI.

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• How to send SMS Using SMS Email Gateway internationally?

  - by user35259

  Hi All, I don't know if this is the right place to post my question but, anyways, i will just ask. I'm trying to send SMS messages from a unix-based machine by sending a mail to [email protected]. This works very fine and messages are received normally. What I want to ask about is, am I able to use this service to send SMS messages to an international number? What about the country code? How will I add it and the format needs ten digits only? Thanks

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• Problems with Ubuntu and AMD A10-4655M APU

  - by Robert Hanks

  I have a new HP Sleekbook 6z with AMD A10-4655M APU. I tried installing Ubuntu with wubi--the first attempt ended up with a 'AMD unsupported hardware' watermark that I wasn't able to remove (the appeared when I tried to update the drivers as Ubuntu suggested) On the second attempted install Ubuntu installed (I stayed away from the suggested drivers) but the performance was extremely poor----as in Windows Vista poor. I am not sure what the solution is--if I need to wait until there is a kernel update with Ubuntu or if there are other solutions--I realise this is a new APU for the market. I would love to have Ubuntu 12.04 up and running--Windows 7 does very well with this new processor so Ubuntu should, well, be lightening speed. The trial on the Sleekbook with Ubuntu 12.10 Alpha 2 release was a complete failure. I created a bootable USB. By using either the 'Try Ubuntu' or 'Install Ubuntu' options resulted in the usual purple Ubuntu splash screen, followed by nothing...as in a black screen without any hint of life. Interestingly one can hear the Ubuntu intro sound. In case you are wondering, this same USB was trialed subsequently on another computer with and Intel Atom Processor. Worked flawlessly. Lastly the second trial on the Sleekbook resulted in the same results as the first paragraph. Perhaps 12.10 Beta will overcome this issue, or the finalised 12.10 release in October. I don't have the expertise to know what the cause of the behaviour is-the issue could be something else entirely. Sadly, the Windows 7 performance is very good with this processor-very similar and in some instances better to the 2nd generation Intel i5 based computer I use at my workplace. Whatever the cause is for the performance with Ubuntu 12.04 or 12.10 Alpha 2, the situation doesn't bode well for Ubuntu. Ubuntu aside, the HP Sleekbook is a good performer for the price. I am certain once the Ubuntu issue is worked on and solutions arise, the Ubuntu performance will probably be better than ever.

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• Different Headline Numbering for appendix

  - by k0pernikus

  I have two parts in a document, the first is a documentation, the second an appendix. Right now, I have follwoing structure: 1. Headline 1 1.1 Headline 2 2. Headline 1 3. Headline 1 1. Headline 1 (This shall be the appendix, I restarted the numbering) 1.1 Headline 2 Now I want to add a prefix, A, before the Appendix headline, so that I get this structure: 1. Headline 1 2. Headline 1 3. Headline 1 A1. Headline 1 A1.1 Headline 2 I know that I can define such a thing via Bullet and Numbering, yet there the appendix is defined for all the headlines. But I only want it for the actual appendix. How do I achieve such a thing?

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• Default file type supported by IHS web server

  - by SK

  Hello, We earlier used IIS web server. To redirect some URLs ending with .asp, we created a directory structure based on URL's to be redirected; wrote VB script in .asp files to redirect present page to desired page and placed these .asp files in appropriate directories. Finally copied this directory structure to the docroot of IIS webserver. Due to some reasons, we had to switch to IHS web server. As IHS does not support .asp files, we can't use same directory structure having .asp files to redirect our URLs. Please let me know the default file type that is supported by IHS webserver (as the default filetype supported in IHS is .asp). Thanks in advance! SK

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• putty pageant - forget keys after period of inactivity

  - by pQd

  in the environment where windows client computers are used to run putty to connect to multiple linux servers i'm considering moving away from password based authentication and using public/private key pairs with pass-phrases. using ssh-agent would be nice, but at the same time i'd like it to 'forget' the pass-phrases after given period of inactivity. it seems that putty's pageant does not provide such feature; what would you suggest as alternative? solutions that i'm considering: patching pageant code [might be tricky, code is probably quite rusty and project - sadly - stagnant] writing small custom application using GetLastInputInfo and killing pageant if the machine was idle for more than let's say 15 minutes [ yes, there'll be separate policy for locking the desktops as well ] using alternative ssh client and ssh agent. any suggestions? thanks!

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• Sending changes to a terrain heightmap over UDP

  - by Floomi

  This is a more conceptual, thinking-out-loud question than a technical one. I have a 3D heightmapped terrain as part of a multiplayer RTS that I would like to terraform over a network. The terraforming will be done by units within the gameworld; the player will paint a "target heightmap" that they'd like the current terrain to resemble and units will deform towards that on their own (a la Perimeter). Given my terrain is 257x257 vertices, the naive approach of sending heights when they change will flood the bandwidth very quickly - updating a quarter of the terrain every second will hit ~66kB/s. This is clearly way too much. My next thought was to move to a brush-based system, where you send e.g. the centre of a circle, its radius, and some function defining the influence of the brush from the centre going outwards. But even with reliable UDP the "start" and "stop" messages could still be delayed. I guess I could compare timestamps and compensate for this, although it'd likely mean that clients would deform verts too much on their local simulations and then have to smooth them back to the correct heights. I could also send absolute vert heights in the "start" and "stop" messages to guarantee correct data on the clients. Alternatively I could treat brushes in a similar way to units, and do the standard position + velocity + client-side prediction jazz on them, with the added stipulation that they deform terrain within a certain radius around them. The server could then intermittently do a pass and send (a subset of) recently updated verts to clients as and when there's bandwidth to spare. Any other suggestions, or indications that I'm on the right (or wrong!) track with any of these ideas would be greatly appreciated.

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• Open and scroll through 42 GB text file in Mac OS X

  - by Django Johnson

  I am running Mac OS X 10.8.4 (Mountain Lion) and I am trying to open and scroll through a 42 GB .XML file. I plan on using an XML parser to parse through it and delete parts, but first I need to know how the document is structured so I can know what parts to save. How can I open this text / XML file and scroll through it so I can get a glimpse of its structure? I tried my default text-editor, text-mate, and that couldn't open it. I tried gEdit and that shows the first 10 or so lines, but then quits after trying to load the rest. I would greatly appreciate any and all suggestions!

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• With Slick, how to change the resolution during gameplay?

  - by TheLima

  I am developing a tile-based strategy game using Java and the Slick API. So far so good, but I've come to a standstill on my options menu. I have plans for the user to be able to change the resolution during gameplay (it is pretty common, after all). I can already change to fullscreen and back to windowed, this was pretty simple... //"fullScreenOption" is a checkbox-like button. if (fullScreenOption.isMouseOver(mouseX, mouseY)) { if (input.isMouseButtonDown(Input.MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON)) { fullScreenOption.state = !fullScreenOption.state; container.setFullscreen(fullScreenOption.state); } } But the container class (Implemented by Slick, not me), contrary to my previous beliefs, does not seem to have any resolution-change functions! And that's pretty much the situation...I know it's possible, but i don't know how to do it, nor what is the class responsible! The AppGameContainer class, used on the very start of the game's initialization, is the only place with any functions for changing the display-mode that I've found so far, but it's only used at the very start, and i haven't found a way to travel back to it from my options menu. //This is my implementation of it... public static void main(String[] args) throws SlickException { AppGameContainer app = new AppGameContainer(new Main()); // app.setTargetFrameRate(60); app.setVSync(true); app.setDisplayMode(800, 600, false); app.start(); } I can define it as a static global on the Main, but it's probably a (very) bad way to do it...

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• HPC Cluster planning workflow?

  - by Veronica

  After three days of intensive Google searching, I have not found any high-level workflow of how to build a low profile - cheap - computing cluster (we are not interested in HA yet). This is just a front-end plus a node for now. We want to start small with rockscluster, provide a web-based server for offering services, and then add nodes as our budget increases. We're small company, so we haven't enough human resources to implement it smoothly. Here are some facts about our environment: Our hardware is not constant (we will add nodes). Our workload will vary (in the order from 200Mb - 1Tb) Our software will change (scientific applications for data mining) Do you know any visual workflow, worksheet, chart, describing the general necessary steps to begin our cluster planning?

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• Employee Tracking: Is there a similar software to Elance WorkView or oDesk "Team Room"?

  - by Kunal

  We are looking for a great commercial or free tool which can monitor all our remote employees and keep the reports centrally. We need it similar to Elance WorkView or oDesk "Team Room", what these tools do is: Take screenshots at random interval. Track the activity on computer based on key strokes. (not a necessity) It doesn't necessarily need to track time but will be good to have, our aim is to monitor employees and make sure they're working - that's all. I'll give oDesk Team Room 10/10 and I haven't been able to find such tool. Is there anyone who can suggest such tool? Thanks

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• Is there a way to snip part of the screen with a hotkey?

  - by Head of Catering

  I'm able to launch the snipping tool, select an option and then copy based on my selection. Is there a way to launch a default snipping option so that I can create partial screen screenshots without using a third-party tool? Essentially, I'm looking for winkey+S without having to use OneNote. Both OneNote and SnagIt implement this perfectly. If OneNote is running, pressing winkey+S allows me to click and drag any portion of the screen, including pop-out menus with selections that are active. SnagIt does almost the exact same thing, invoked by the prt screen key.

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