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  • Redmine install not working and displaying directory contents - Ubuntu 10.04

    - by Casey Flynn
    I've gone through the steps to set up and install the redmine project tracking web app on my VPS with Apache2 but I'm running into a situation where instead of displaying the redmine app, I just see the directory contents: Does anyone know what could be the problem? I'm not sure what other files might be of use to diagnose what's going on. Thanks! # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "/var/log/apache2/foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "" will be interpreted by the # server as "//var/log/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.1/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # #<IfModule !mpm_winnt.c> #<IfModule !mpm_netware.c> LockFile /var/lock/apache2/accept.lock #</IfModule> #</IfModule> # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 15 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # # Define an access log for VirtualHosts that don't define their own logfile CustomLog /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log vhost_combined # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ # Enable fastcgi for .fcgi files # (If you're using a distro package for mod_fcgi, something like # this is probably already present) #<IfModule mod_fcgid.c> # AddHandler fastcgi-script .fcgi # FastCgiIpcDir /var/lib/apache2/fastcgi #</IfModule> LoadModule fcgid_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_fcgid.so LoadModule passenger_module /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.7/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so PassengerRoot /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.7 PassengerRuby /usr/bin/ruby1.8 ServerName demo and my vhosts file #No DNS server, default ip address v-host #domain: none #public: /home/casey/public_html/app/ <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost # ScriptAlias /redmine /home/casey/public_html/app/redmine/dispatch.fcgi DirectoryIndex index.html DocumentRoot /home/casey/public_html/app/public <Directory "/home/casey/trac/htdocs"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> <Directory /var/www/redmine> RailsBaseURI /redmine PassengerResolveSymlinksInDocumentRoot on </Directory> # <Directory /> # Options FollowSymLinks # AllowOverride None # </Directory> # <Directory /var/www/> # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews # AllowOverride None # Order allow,deny # allow from all # </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /home/casey/public_html/app/log/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel debug CustomLog /home/casey/public_html/app/log/access.log combined # Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" # <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> # Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks # AllowOverride None # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 # </Directory> </VirtualHost>

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  • Bacula & Multiple Tape Devices, and so on

    - by Tom O'Connor
    Bacula won't make use of 2 tape devices simultaneously. (Search for #-#-# for the TL;DR) A little background, perhaps. In the process of trying to get a decent working backup solution (backing up 20TB ain't cheap, or easy) at $dayjob, we bought a bunch of things to make it work. Firstly, there's a Spectra Logic T50e autochanger, 40 slots of LTO5 goodness, and that robot's got a pair of IBM HH5 Ultrium LTO5 drives, connected via FibreChannel Arbitrated Loop to our backup server. There's the backup server.. A Dell R715 with 2x 16 core AMD 62xx CPUs, and 32GB of RAM. Yummy. That server's got 2 Emulex FCe-12000E cards, and an Intel X520-SR dual port 10GE NIC. We were also sold Commvault Backup (non-NDMP). Here's where it gets really complicated. Spectra Logic and Commvault both sent respective engineers, who set up the library and the software. Commvault was running fine, in so far as the controller was working fine. The Dell server has Ubuntu 12.04 server, and runs the MediaAgent for CommVault, and mounts our BlueArc NAS as NFS to a few mountpoints, like /home, and some stuff in /mnt. When backing up from the NFS mountpoints, we were seeing ~= 290GB/hr throughput. That's CRAP, considering we've got 20-odd TB to get through, in a <48 hour backup window. The rated maximum on the BlueArc is 700MB/s (2460GB/hr), the rated maximum write speed on the tape devices is 140MB/s, per drive, so that's 492GB/hr (or double it, for the total throughput). So, the next step was to benchmark NFS performance with IOzone, and it turns out that we get epic write performance (across 20 threads), and it's like 1.5-2.5TB/hr write, but read performance is fecking hopeless. I couldn't ever get higher than 343GB/hr maximum. So let's assume that the 343GB/hr is a theoretical maximum for read performance on the NAS, then we should in theory be able to get that performance out of a) CommVault, and b) any other backup agent. Not the case. Commvault seems to only ever give me 200-250GB/hr throughput, and out of experimentation, I installed Bacula to see what the state of play there is. If, for example, Bacula gave consistently better performance and speeds than Commvault, then we'd be able to say "**$.$ Refunds Plz $.$**" #-#-# Alas, I found a different problem with Bacula. Commvault seems pretty happy to read from one part of the mountpoint with one thread, and stream that to a Tape device, whilst reading from some other directory with the other thread, and writing to the 2nd drive in the autochanger. I can't for the life of me get Bacula to mount and write to two tape drives simultaneously. Things I've tried: Setting Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 in the Director, File and Storage Daemons Setting Prefer Mounted Volumes = no in the Job Definition Setting multiple devices in the Autochanger resource. Documentation seems to be very single-drive centric, and we feel a little like we've strapped a rocket to a hamster, with this one. The majority of example Bacula configurations are for DDS4 drives, manual tape swapping, and FreeBSD or IRIX systems. I should probably add that I'm not too bothered if this isn't possible, but I'd be surprised. I basically want to use Bacula as proof to stick it to the software vendors that they're overpriced ;) I read somewhere that @KyleBrandt has done something similar with a modern Tape solution.. Configuration Files: *bacula-dir.conf* # # Default Bacula Director Configuration file Director { # define myself Name = backuphost-1-dir DIRport = 9101 # where we listen for UA connections QueryFile = "/etc/bacula/scripts/query.sql" WorkingDirectory = "/var/lib/bacula" PidDirectory = "/var/run/bacula" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 Password = "yourekiddingright" # Console password Messages = Daemon DirAddress = 0.0.0.0 #DirAddress = 127.0.0.1 } JobDefs { Name = "DefaultFileJob" Type = Backup Level = Incremental Client = backuphost-1-fd FileSet = "Full Set" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = File Priority = 10 Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%c.bsr" } JobDefs { Name = "DefaultTapeJob" Type = Backup Level = Incremental Client = backuphost-1-fd FileSet = "Full Set" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = "SpectraLogic" Messages = Standard Pool = AllTapes Priority = 10 Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%c.bsr" Prefer Mounted Volumes = no } # # Define the main nightly save backup job # By default, this job will back up to disk in /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir Job { Name = "BackupClient1" JobDefs = "DefaultFileJob" } Job { Name = "BackupThisVolume" JobDefs = "DefaultTapeJob" FileSet = "SpecialVolume" } #Job { # Name = "BackupClient2" # Client = backuphost-12-fd # JobDefs = "DefaultJob" #} # Backup the catalog database (after the nightly save) Job { Name = "BackupCatalog" JobDefs = "DefaultFileJob" Level = Full FileSet="Catalog" Schedule = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" # This creates an ASCII copy of the catalog # Arguments to make_catalog_backup.pl are: # make_catalog_backup.pl <catalog-name> RunBeforeJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/make_catalog_backup.pl MyCatalog" # This deletes the copy of the catalog RunAfterJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/delete_catalog_backup" Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%n.bsr" Priority = 11 # run after main backup } # # Standard Restore template, to be changed by Console program # Only one such job is needed for all Jobs/Clients/Storage ... # Job { Name = "RestoreFiles" Type = Restore Client=backuphost-1-fd FileSet="Full Set" Storage = File Pool = Default Messages = Standard Where = /srv/bacula/restore } FileSet { Name = "SpecialVolume" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = /mnt/SpecialVolume } Exclude { File = /var/lib/bacula File = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir File = /proc File = /tmp File = /.journal File = /.fsck } } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "Full Set" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = /usr/sbin } Exclude { File = /var/lib/bacula File = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir File = /proc File = /tmp File = /.journal File = /.fsck } } Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycle" Run = Full 1st sun at 23:05 Run = Differential 2nd-5th sun at 23:05 Run = Incremental mon-sat at 23:05 } # This schedule does the catalog. It starts after the WeeklyCycle Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" Run = Full sun-sat at 23:10 } # This is the backup of the catalog FileSet { Name = "Catalog" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "/var/lib/bacula/bacula.sql" } } # Client (File Services) to backup Client { Name = backuphost-1-fd Address = localhost FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "surelyyourejoking" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # # Second Client (File Services) to backup # You should change Name, Address, and Password before using # #Client { # Name = backuphost-12-fd # Address = localhost2 # FDPort = 9102 # Catalog = MyCatalog # Password = "i'mnotjokinganddontcallmeshirley" # password for FileDaemon 2 # File Retention = 30 days # 30 days # Job Retention = 6 months # six months # AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files #} # Definition of file storage device Storage { Name = File # Do not use "localhost" here Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here SDPort = 9103 Password = "lalalalala" Device = FileStorage Media Type = File } Storage { Name = "SpectraLogic" Address = localhost SDPort = 9103 Password = "linkedinmakethebestpasswords" Device = Drive-1 Device = Drive-2 Media Type = LTO5 Autochanger = yes } # Generic catalog service Catalog { Name = MyCatalog # Uncomment the following line if you want the dbi driver # dbdriver = "dbi:sqlite3"; dbaddress = 127.0.0.1; dbport = dbname = "bacula"; DB Address = ""; dbuser = "bacula"; dbpassword = "bbmaster63" } # Reasonable message delivery -- send most everything to email address # and to the console Messages { Name = Standard mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: %t %e of %c %l\" %r" operatorcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: Intervention needed for %j\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped operator = root@localhost = mount console = all, !skipped, !saved # # WARNING! the following will create a file that you must cycle from # time to time as it will grow indefinitely. However, it will # also keep all your messages if they scroll off the console. # append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped catalog = all } # # Message delivery for daemon messages (no job). Messages { Name = Daemon mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula daemon message\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped console = all, !skipped, !saved append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped } # Default pool definition Pool { Name = Default Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year } # File Pool definition Pool { Name = File Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year Maximum Volume Bytes = 50G # Limit Volume size to something reasonable Maximum Volumes = 100 # Limit number of Volumes in Pool } Pool { Name = AllTapes Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 31 days # one Moth } # Scratch pool definition Pool { Name = Scratch Pool Type = Backup } # # Restricted console used by tray-monitor to get the status of the director # Console { Name = backuphost-1-mon Password = "LastFMalsostorePasswordsLikeThis" CommandACL = status, .status } bacula-sd.conf # # Default Bacula Storage Daemon Configuration file # Storage { # definition of myself Name = backuphost-1-sd SDPort = 9103 # Director's port WorkingDirectory = "/var/lib/bacula" Pid Directory = "/var/run/bacula" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 SDAddress = 0.0.0.0 # SDAddress = 127.0.0.1 } # # List Directors who are permitted to contact Storage daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-dir Password = "passwordslinplaintext" } # # Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the # status of the storage daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-mon Password = "totalinsecurityabound" Monitor = yes } Device { Name = FileStorage Media Type = File Archive Device = /srv/bacula/archive LabelMedia = yes; # lets Bacula label unlabeled media Random Access = Yes; AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it RemovableMedia = no; AlwaysOpen = no; } Autochanger { Name = SpectraLogic Device = Drive-1 Device = Drive-2 Changer Command = "/etc/bacula/scripts/mtx-changer %c %o %S %a %d" Changer Device = /dev/sg4 } Device { Name = Drive-1 Drive Index = 0 Archive Device = /dev/nst0 Changer Device = /dev/sg4 Media Type = LTO5 AutoChanger = yes RemovableMedia = yes; AutomaticMount = yes; AlwaysOpen = yes; RandomAccess = no; LabelMedia = yes } Device { Name = Drive-2 Drive Index = 1 Archive Device = /dev/nst1 Changer Device = /dev/sg4 Media Type = LTO5 AutoChanger = yes RemovableMedia = yes; AutomaticMount = yes; AlwaysOpen = yes; RandomAccess = no; LabelMedia = yes } # # Send all messages to the Director, # mount messages also are sent to the email address # Messages { Name = Standard director = backuphost-1-dir = all } bacula-fd.conf # # Default Bacula File Daemon Configuration file # # # List Directors who are permitted to contact this File daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-dir Password = "hahahahahaha" } # # Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the # status of the file daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-mon Password = "hohohohohho" Monitor = yes } # # "Global" File daemon configuration specifications # FileDaemon { # this is me Name = backuphost-1-fd FDport = 9102 # where we listen for the director WorkingDirectory = /var/lib/bacula Pid Directory = /var/run/bacula Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 #FDAddress = 127.0.0.1 FDAddress = 0.0.0.0 } # Send all messages except skipped files back to Director Messages { Name = Standard director = backuphost-1-dir = all, !skipped, !restored }

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  • Python CGI on Amazon AWS EC2 micro-instance -- a how-to!

    - by user595585
    How can you make an EC2 micro instance serve CGI scripts from lighthttpd? For instance Python CGI? Well, it took half a day, but I have gotten Python cgi running on a free Amazon AWS EC2 micro-instance, using the lighttpd server. I think it will help my fellow noobs to put all the steps in one place. Armed with the simple steps below, it will take you only 15 minutes to set things up! My question for the more experienced users reading this is: Are there any security flaws in what I've done? (See file and directory permissions.) Step 1: Start your EC2 instance and ssh into it. [Obviously, you'll need to sign up for Amazon EC2 and save your key pairs to a *.pem file. I won't go over this, as Amazon tells you how to do it.] Sign into your AWS account and start your EC2 instance. The web has tutorials on doing this. Notice that default instance-size that Amazon presents to you is "small." This is not "micro" and so it will cost you money. Be sure to manually choose "micro." (Micro instances are free only for the first year...) Find the public DNS code for your running instance. To do this, click on the instance in the top pane of the dashboard and you'll eventually see the "Public DNS" field populated in the bottom pane. (You may need to fiddle a bit.) The Public DNS looks something like: ec2-174-129-110-23.compute-1.amazonaws.com Start your Unix console program. (On Max OS X, it's called Terminal, and lives in the Applications - Utilities folder.) cd to the directory on your desktop system that has your *.pem file containing your AWS keypairs. ssh to your EC2 instance using a command like: ssh -i <<your *.pem filename>> ec2-user@<< Public DNS address >> So, for me, this was: ssh -i amzn_ec2_keypair.pem [email protected] Your EC2 instance should let you in. Step 2: Download lighttpd to your EC2 instance. To install lighttpd, you will need root access on your EC2 instance. The problem is: Amazon will not let you sign in as root. (Not straightforwardly, at least.) But there is a workaround. Type this command: sudo /bin/bash The system prompt-character will change from $ to #. We won't exit from "sudo" until the very last step in this whole process. Install the lighttpd application (version 1.4.28-1.3.amzn1 for me): yum install lighttpd Install the FastCGI libraries for lighttpd (not needed, but why not?): yum install lighttpd-fastcgi Test that your server is working: /etc/init.d/lighttpd start Step 3: Let the outside world see your server. If you now tried to hit your server from the browser on your desktop, it would fail. The reason: By default, Amazon AWS does not open any ports to your EC2 instance. So, you have to open the ports manually. Go to your EC2 dashboard in your desktop's browser. Click on "Security Groups" in the left pane. One or more security groups will appear in the upper right pane. Choose the one that was assigned to your EC2 instance when you launched your instance. A table called "Allowed Connections" will appear in the lower right pane. A pop-up menu will let you choose "HTTP" as the connection method. The other values in that line of the table should be: tcp, 80, 80, 0.0.0.0/0 Now hit your EC2 instance's server from the desktop in your browser. Use the Public DNS address that you used earlier to SSH in. You should see the lighttpd generic web page. If you don't, I can't help you because I am such a noob. :-( Step 4: Configure lighttpd to serve CGI. Back in the console program, cd to the configuration directory for lighttpd: cd /etc/lighttpd To enable CGI, you want to uncomment one line in the < modules.conf file. (I could have enabled Fast CGI, but baby steps are best!) You can do this with the "ed" editor as follows: ed modules.conf /include "conf.d\/cgi.conf"/ s/#// w q Create the directory where CGI programs will live. (The /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf file determines where this will be.) We'll create our directory in the default location, so we don't have to do any editing of configuration files: cd /var/www/lighttpd mkdir cgi-bin chmod 755 cgi-bin Almost there! Of course you need to put a test CGI program into the cgi-bin directory. Here is one: cd cgi-bin ed a #!/usr/bin/python print "Content-type: text/html\n\n" print "<html><body>Hello, pyworld.</body></html>" . w hellopyworld.py q chmod 655 hellopyworld.py Restart your lighttpd server: /etc/init.d/lighttpd restart Test your CGI program. In your desktop's browser, hit this URL, substituting your EC2 instance's public DNS address: http://<<Public DNS>>/cgi-bin/hellopyworld.py For me, this was: http://ec2-174-129-110-23.compute-1.amazonaws.com/cgi-bin/hellopyworld.py Step 5: That's it! Clean up, and give thanks! To exit from the "sudo /bin/bash" command given earlier, type: exit Acknowledgements: Heaps of thanks to: wiki.vpslink.com/Install_and_Configure_lighttpd www.cyberciti.biz/tips/lighttpd-howto-setup-cgi-bin-access-for-perl-programs.html aws.typepad.com/aws/2010/06/building-three-tier-architectures-with-security-groups.html Good luck, amigos! I apologize for the non-traditional nature of this "question" but I have gotten so much help from Stackoverflow that I was eager to give something back.

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  • When gaming computer freezes with a blank screen and a buzzing sound

    - by The Colour Of Heartache
    I have a problem with random freezes when playing games. Sometimes it's fine for hours, other times it dosn't last even one. I tried googling around and I found recomendations to update my graphics drivers and to test for overheating. The graphics drivers haven't helped worked and Furmark created a consistant heat higher than I get during a crash. I even tried running a game using the Linux dual boot and WINE, that crashed too. Here are the tempreture logs leading up to the latest crash. The GPU dosn't hit 80, and I've hit 90 with no crash on firmark. DATE TIME MHz CPU_0 CPU_1 CPU_2 CPU_3 LOAD% GPU 04/05/12 15:21:00 3200.16 63 58 57 56 15.4 77 04/05/12 15:21:05 3200.16 63 59 58 56 15.8 76 04/05/12 15:21:10 3200.16 62 59 58 55 15.1 78 04/05/12 15:21:15 3200.16 63 59 58 56 16.5 77 04/05/12 15:21:20 3200.16 64 58 58 57 15.3 77 04/05/12 15:21:25 3200.16 63 58 59 56 15.8 78 04/05/12 15:21:30 3200.16 63 58 58 57 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:21:35 3200.16 63 58 58 56 17.0 77 04/05/12 15:21:40 3200.16 63 59 59 56 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:21:45 3200.16 63 58 58 58 15.6 77 04/05/12 15:21:50 3200.16 63 58 58 58 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:21:55 3200.16 63 58 59 56 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:22:00 3200.16 63 58 58 57 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:21:05 3200.16 63 58 58 56 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:21:10 3200.16 63 57 58 56 15.3 78 04/05/12 15:21:15 3200.16 64 58 58 56 15.4 78 04/05/12 15:21:20 3200.16 63 58 58 56 15.4 77 04/05/12 15:21:25 3200.16 62 58 58 57 15.6 77 04/05/12 15:21:30 3200.16 62 58 58 57 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:21:35 3200.16 63 59 58 56 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:21:40 3200.16 63 58 58 56 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:21:45 3200.16 63 59 58 56 15.6 77 04/05/12 15:21:50 3200.16 62 59 58 58 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:21:55 3200.16 63 58 58 57 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:22:00 3200.16 63 58 58 56 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:22:05 3200.16 63 58 58 56 16.3 77 04/05/12 15:22:10 3200.16 64 58 59 56 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:22:15 3200.16 63 58 60 57 17.2 77 04/05/12 15:22:20 3200.16 63 58 58 56 15.5 78 04/05/12 15:22:25 3200.16 63 58 60 57 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:22:30 3200.16 63 59 59 57 15.6 76 04/05/12 15:22:35 3200.16 64 59 60 57 17.7 77 04/05/12 15:22:40 3200.16 63 59 58 57 16.0 77 04/05/12 15:22:45 3200.16 64 58 58 57 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:22:50 3200.16 63 59 58 56 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:22:55 3200.16 63 58 59 57 15.8 78 04/05/12 15:23:00 3200.16 63 59 58 57 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:22:05 3200.16 62 58 57 58 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:22:10 3200.16 63 58 59 57 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:22:15 3200.16 63 59 58 56 17.1 77 04/05/12 15:22:20 3200.16 63 58 59 57 16.0 77 04/05/12 15:22:25 3200.16 63 58 58 57 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:22:30 3200.16 63 59 59 57 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:22:35 3200.16 64 59 58 58 21.0 77 04/05/12 15:22:40 3200.16 63 59 58 58 16.0 77 04/05/12 15:22:45 3200.16 64 59 59 57 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:22:50 3200.16 63 59 58 56 15.8 78 04/05/12 15:22:55 3200.16 63 59 58 57 15.8 78 04/05/12 15:23:00 3200.16 63 59 57 57 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:23:05 3200.16 64 58 58 58 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:23:10 3200.16 63 59 58 56 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:23:15 3200.16 64 59 58 57 16.6 77 04/05/12 15:23:20 3200.16 63 59 58 58 16.0 77 04/05/12 15:23:25 3200.16 63 58 58 57 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:23:30 3200.16 63 59 58 56 15.4 78 04/05/12 15:23:35 3200.16 64 60 59 61 17.7 77 04/05/12 15:23:40 3200.16 63 59 58 57 15.6 77 04/05/12 15:23:45 1600.08 53 54 53 52 4.4 76 04/05/12 15:23:50 3200.16 63 59 57 56 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:23:55 3200.16 63 58 57 57 15.6 77 04/05/12 15:24:00 3200.16 63 58 58 58 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:23:05 3200.16 64 59 58 56 15.6 77 04/05/12 15:23:10 3200.16 64 59 58 57 15.9 77 04/05/12 15:23:15 3200.16 63 59 58 59 16.7 77 04/05/12 15:23:20 3200.16 64 58 58 58 16.0 77 04/05/12 15:23:25 3200.16 64 58 58 57 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:23:30 3200.16 64 58 58 57 15.2 78 04/05/12 15:23:35 3200.16 63 59 59 58 17.8 77 04/05/12 15:23:40 3200.16 63 59 59 58 15.8 77 04/05/12 15:23:45 1600.08 53 54 53 52 4.7 76 04/05/12 15:23:50 3200.16 63 59 57 56 16.9 77 04/05/12 15:23:55 3200.16 63 58 59 56 15.7 77 04/05/12 15:24:00 3200.16 63 58 59 57 15.9 77 I also got a dmp file, here's what BlueScreenView gave me. The first three lines were in red, the summery says that the crash was casued by hal.dll and the address hal.dll+12903 Filename Address in Stack From Address To Address Size Time Stamp Time String Product Name File Description File Version Company Full Path hal.dll hal.dll+12903 fffff800`033e0000 fffff800`03429000 0x00049000 0x4a5bdf08 14/07/2009 02:27:36 ntoskrnl.exe ntoskrnl.exe+185923 fffff800`02e05000 fffff800`033e0000 0x005db000 0x4ec7a284 19/11/2011 13:35:16 Microsoft® Windows® Operating System NT Kernel & System 6.1.7600.16917 (win7_gdr.111118-2330) Microsoft Corporation C:\Windows\system32\ntoskrnl.exe pci.sys pci.sys+9aff fffff880`0108f000 fffff880`010c2000 0x00033000 0x4a5bc117 14/07/2009 00:19:51 kdcom.dll fffff800`00bc4000 fffff800`00bce000 0x0000a000 0x4d4d40d9 05/02/2011 13:21:45 mcupdate_GenuineIntel.dll fffff880`00c26000 fffff880`00c6a000 0x00044000 0x4a5bdf66 14/07/2009 02:29:10 PSHED.dll fffff880`00c6a000 fffff880`00c7e000 0x00014000 0x4a5be027 14/07/2009 02:32:23 Microsoft® Windows® Operating System Platform Specific Hardware Error Driver 6.1.7600.16385 (win7_rtm.090713-1255) Microsoft Corporation C:\Windows\system32\PSHED.dll CLFS.SYS fffff880`00c7e000 fffff880`00cdc000 0x0005e000 0x4a5bc11d 14/07/2009 00:19:57 CI.dll fffff880`00cdc000 fffff880`00d9c000 0x000c0000 0x4a5be01d 14/07/2009 02:32:13 Wdf01000.sys fffff880`00e0e000 fffff880`00eb2000 0x000a4000 0x4a5bc19f 14/07/2009 00:22:07 WDFLDR.SYS fffff880`00eb2000 fffff880`00ec1000 0x0000f000 0x4a5bc11a 14/07/2009 00:19:54 sptd.sys fffff880`00ec1000 fffff880`00fe7000 0x00126000 0x4ad24632 11/10/2009 21:55:14 WMILIB.SYS fffff880`00fe7000 fffff880`00ff0000 0x00009000 0x4a5bc117 14/07/2009 00:19:51 SCSIPORT.SYS fffff880`00d9c000 fffff880`00dcb000 0x0002f000 0x4a5bcac0 14/07/2009 01:01:04 ACPI.sys fffff880`01021000 fffff880`01078000 0x00057000 0x4a5bc106 14/07/2009 00:19:34 msisadrv.sys fffff880`01078000 fffff880`01082000 0x0000a000 0x4a5bc0fe 14/07/2009 00:19:26 vdrvroot.sys fffff880`01082000 fffff880`0108f000 0x0000d000 0x4a5bcadb 14/07/2009 01:01:31 partmgr.sys fffff880`010c2000 fffff880`010d7000 0x00015000 0x4a5bc11e 14/07/2009 00:19:58 volmgr.sys fffff880`010d7000 fffff880`010ec000 0x00015000 0x4a5bc11d 14/07/2009 00:19:57 volmgrx.sys fffff880`010ec000 fffff880`01148000 0x0005c000 0x4a5bc141 14/07/2009 00:20:33 pciide.sys fffff880`01148000 fffff880`0114f000 0x00007000 0x4a5bc115 14/07/2009 00:19:49 PCIIDEX.SYS fffff880`0114f000 fffff880`0115f000 0x00010000 0x4a5bc114 14/07/2009 00:19:48 mountmgr.sys fffff880`0115f000 fffff880`01179000 0x0001a000 0x4a5bc11a 14/07/2009 00:19:54 atapi.sys fffff880`01179000 fffff880`01182000 0x00009000 0x4a5bc113 14/07/2009 00:19:47 ataport.SYS fffff880`01182000 fffff880`011ac000 0x0002a000 0x4a5bc118 14/07/2009 00:19:52 msahci.sys fffff880`011ac000 fffff880`011b7000 0x0000b000 0x4a5bcabd 14/07/2009 01:01:01 amdxata.sys fffff880`011b7000 fffff880`011c2000 0x0000b000 0x4ba3a3ca 19/03/2010 17:18:18 fltmgr.sys fffff880`01211000 fffff880`0125d000 0x0004c000 0x4a5bc11f 14/07/2009 00:19:59 fileinfo.sys fffff880`0125d000 fffff880`01271000 0x00014000 0x4a5bc481 14/07/2009 00:34:25 Ntfs.sys fffff880`0145c000 fffff880`015fe000 0x001a2000 0x4d79996d 11/03/2011 04:39:25 msrpc.sys fffff880`01271000 fffff880`012cf000 0x0005e000 0x4a5bc17c 14/07/2009 00:21:32 ksecdd.sys fffff880`01400000 fffff880`0141a000 0x0001a000 0x4ec48579 17/11/2011 04:54:33 cng.sys fffff880`012cf000 fffff880`01342000 0x00073000 0x4ec48cfb 17/11/2011 05:26:35 pcw.sys fffff880`0141a000 fffff880`0142b000 0x00011000 0x4a5bc0ff 14/07/2009 00:19:27 Fs_Rec.sys fffff880`0142b000 fffff880`01435000 0x0000a000 0x4a5bc111 14/07/2009 00:19:45 ndis.sys fffff880`01653000 fffff880`01745000 0x000f2000 0x4a5bc184 14/07/2009 00:21:40 NETIO.SYS fffff880`01745000 fffff880`017a5000 0x00060000 0x4bbe946f 09/04/2010 03:43:59 ksecpkg.sys fffff880`017a5000 fffff880`017d0000 0x0002b000 0x4ec48d32 17/11/2011 05:27:30 tcpip.sys fffff880`01802000 fffff880`01a00000 0x001fe000 0x4e83eb7f 29/09/2011 04:52:31 fwpkclnt.sys fffff880`01600000 fffff880`0164a000 0x0004a000 0x4a5bc164 14/07/2009 00:21:08 vmstorfl.sys fffff880`017d0000 fffff880`017e0000 0x00010000 0x4a5bc67e 14/07/2009 00:42:54 volsnap.sys fffff880`01342000 fffff880`0138e000 0x0004c000 0x4a5bc128 14/07/2009 00:20:08 spldr.sys fffff880`017e0000 fffff880`017e8000 0x00008000 0x4a0858bb 11/05/2009 17:56:27 rdyboost.sys fffff880`0138e000 fffff880`013c8000 0x0003a000 0x4a5bc48a 14/07/2009 00:34:34 mup.sys fffff880`017e8000 fffff880`017fa000 0x00012000 0x4a5bc201 14/07/2009 00:23:45 hwpolicy.sys fffff880`0164a000 fffff880`01653000 0x00009000 0x4a5bc0fa 14/07/2009 00:19:22 fvevol.sys fffff880`011c2000 fffff880`011fc000 0x0003a000 0x4abd7db2 26/09/2009 03:34:26 disk.sys fffff880`01435000 fffff880`0144b000 0x00016000 0x4a5bc11d 14/07/2009 00:19:57 CLASSPNP.SYS fffff880`013c8000 fffff880`013f8000 0x00030000 0x4a5bc11e 14/07/2009 00:19:58 cdrom.sys fffff880`00dcb000 fffff880`00df5000 0x0002a000 0x4a5bc11a 14/07/2009 00:19:54 MpFilter.sys fffff880`02c1a000 fffff880`02c4b000 0x00031000 0x4d9cc801 06/04/2011 21:07:29 Null.SYS fffff880`02c4b000 fffff880`02c54000 0x00009000 0x4a5bc109 14/07/2009 00:19:37 Beep.SYS fffff880`02c54000 fffff880`02c5b000 0x00007000 0x4a5bca8d 14/07/2009 01:00:13 vga.sys fffff880`02c5b000 fffff880`02c69000 0x0000e000 0x4a5bc587 14/07/2009 00:38:47 VIDEOPRT.SYS fffff880`02c69000 fffff880`02c8e000 0x00025000 0x4a5bc58b 14/07/2009 00:38:51 watchdog.sys fffff880`02c8e000 fffff880`02c9e000 0x00010000 0x4a5bc53f 14/07/2009 00:37:35 RDPCDD.sys fffff880`02c9e000 fffff880`02ca7000 0x00009000 0x4a5bce62 14/07/2009 01:16:34 rdpencdd.sys fffff880`02ca7000 fffff880`02cb0000 0x00009000 0x4a5bce62 14/07/2009 01:16:34 rdprefmp.sys fffff880`02cb0000 fffff880`02cb9000 0x00009000 0x4a5bce63 14/07/2009 01:16:35 Msfs.SYS fffff880`02cb9000 fffff880`02cc4000 0x0000b000 0x4a5bc113 14/07/2009 00:19:47 Npfs.SYS fffff880`02cc4000 fffff880`02cd5000 0x00011000 0x4a5bc114 14/07/2009 00:19:48 tdx.sys fffff880`02cd5000 fffff880`02cf3000 0x0001e000 0x4a5bc16b 14/07/2009 00:21:15 TDI.SYS fffff880`02cf3000 fffff880`02d00000 0x0000d000 0x4a5bc16e 14/07/2009 00:21:18 afd.sys fffff880`02d00000 fffff880`02d89000 0x00089000 0x4efa940c 28/12/2011 04:59:08 netbt.sys fffff880`02d89000 fffff880`02dce000 0x00045000 0x4a5bc178 14/07/2009 00:21:28 ws2ifsl.sys fffff880`02dce000 fffff880`02dd9000 0x0000b000 0x4a5bccf9 14/07/2009 01:10:33 wfplwf.sys fffff880`02dd9000 fffff880`02de2000 0x00009000 0x4a5bccb6 14/07/2009 01:09:26 pacer.sys fffff880`00c00000 fffff880`00c26000 0x00026000 0x4a5bccc5 14/07/2009 01:09:41 vpcnfltr.sys fffff880`02de2000 fffff880`02df6000 0x00014000 0x4ab97aae 23/09/2009 02:32:30 netbios.sys fffff880`02c00000 fffff880`02c0f000 0x0000f000 0x4a5bccb6 14/07/2009 01:09:26 serial.sys fffff880`04075000 fffff880`04092000 0x0001d000 0x4a5bcaa8 14/07/2009 01:00:40 wanarp.sys fffff880`04092000 fffff880`040ad000 0x0001b000 0x4a5bcced 14/07/2009 01:10:21 vpcvmm.sys fffff880`040ad000 fffff880`04103180 0x00056180 0x4ab97ab6 23/09/2009 02:32:38 termdd.sys fffff880`04104000 fffff880`04118000 0x00014000 0x4a5bce64 14/07/2009 01:16:36 rdbss.sys fffff880`04118000 fffff880`04169000 0x00051000 0x4a5bc219 14/07/2009 00:24:09 nsiproxy.sys fffff880`04169000 fffff880`04175000 0x0000c000 0x4a5bc15e 14/07/2009 00:21:02 mssmbios.sys fffff880`04175000 fffff880`04180000 0x0000b000 0x4a5bc3be 14/07/2009 00:31:10 discache.sys fffff880`04180000 fffff880`0418f000 0x0000f000 0x4a5bc52e 14/07/2009 00:37:18 csc.sys fffff880`04280000 fffff880`04303000 0x00083000 0x4a5bc22a 14/07/2009 00:24:26 dfsc.sys fffff880`04303000 fffff880`04321000 0x0001e000 0x4db78623 27/04/2011 03:57:39 blbdrive.sys fffff880`04321000 fffff880`04332000 0x00011000 0x4a5bc4df 14/07/2009 00:35:59 tunnel.sys fffff880`04332000 fffff880`04358000 0x00026000 0x4a5bccc1 14/07/2009 01:09:37 intelppm.sys fffff880`04358000 fffff880`0436e000 0x00016000 0x4a5bc0fd 14/07/2009 00:19:25 nvlddmkm.sys fffff880`0fe34000 fffff880`10b52000 0x00d1e000 0x4f4e68c4 29/02/2012 19:04:52 nvBridge.kmd fffff880`10b52000 fffff880`10b53180 0x00001180 0x4d27c482 08/01/2011 02:57:22 dxgkrnl.sys fffff880`04450000 fffff880`04544000 0x000f4000 0x4d3fa1a0 26/01/2011 05:22:56 dxgmms1.sys fffff880`04544000 fffff880`0458a000 0x00046000 0x4d3fa174 26/01/2011 05:22:12 usbuhci.sys fffff880`0458a000 fffff880`04597000 0x0000d000 0x4d8c0a8f 25/03/2011 04:22:55 USBPORT.SYS fffff880`04597000 fffff880`045ed000 0x00056000 0x4d8c0a97 25/03/2011 04:23:03 usbehci.sys fffff880`045ed000 fffff880`045fe000 0x00011000 0x4d8c0a91 25/03/2011 04:22:57 HDAudBus.sys fffff880`04400000 fffff880`04424000 0x00024000 0x4a5bcbf5 14/07/2009 01:06:13 1394ohci.sys fffff880`10b54000 fffff880`10b92000 0x0003e000 0x4a5bcc30 14/07/2009 01:07:12 Rt64win7.sys fffff880`10b92000 fffff880`10bc4000 0x00032000 0x49a65b0d 26/02/2009 10:04:13 i8042prt.sys fffff880`04424000 fffff880`04442000 0x0001e000 0x4a5bc11d 14/07/2009 00:19:57 kbdclass.sys fffff880`10bc4000 fffff880`10bd3000 0x0000f000 0x4a5bc116 14/07/2009 00:19:50 VMkbd.sys fffff880`04442000 fffff880`0444d000 0x0000b000 0x4b5a836f 23/01/2010 06:04:47 serenum.sys fffff880`10bd3000 fffff880`10bdf000 0x0000c000 0x4a5bcaa1 14/07/2009 01:00:33 av1shsvl.SYS fffff880`0436e000 fffff880`043b3000 0x00045000 0x4a5cf4d7 14/07/2009 22:12:55 wmiacpi.sys fffff880`10bdf000 fffff880`10be8000 0x00009000 0x4a5bc3b6 14/07/2009 00:31:02 CompositeBus.sys fffff880`10be8000 fffff880`10bf8000 0x00010000 0x4a5bcaa1 14/07/2009 01:00:33 AgileVpn.sys fffff880`0fe00000 fffff880`0fe16000 0x00016000 0x4a5bccf0 14/07/2009 01:10:24 rasl2tp.sys fffff880`043b3000 fffff880`043d7000 0x00024000 0x4a5bcce3 14/07/2009 01:10:11 ndistapi.sys fffff880`0fe16000 fffff880`0fe22000 0x0000c000 0x4a5bccd8 14/07/2009 01:10:00 ndiswan.sys fffff880`04200000 fffff880`0422f000 0x0002f000 0x4a5bcce3 14/07/2009 01:10:11 raspppoe.sys fffff880`0422f000 fffff880`0424a000 0x0001b000 0x4a5bcce9 14/07/2009 01:10:17 raspptp.sys fffff880`0424a000 fffff880`0426b000 0x00021000 0x4a5bccea 14/07/2009 01:10:18 rassstp.sys fffff880`043d7000 fffff880`043f1000 0x0001a000 0x4a5bccf1 14/07/2009 01:10:25 tapoas.sys fffff880`0fe22000 fffff880`0fe2f000 0x0000d000 0x4c3a627f 12/07/2010 01:31:59 tap0901.sys fffff880`043f1000 fffff880`043fe000 0x0000d000 0x4b22da33 12/12/2009 00:48:03 rdpbus.sys fffff880`0426b000 fffff880`04276000 0x0000b000 0x4a5bceaa 14/07/2009 01:17:46 mouclass.sys fffff880`0418f000 fffff880`0419e000 0x0000f000 0x4a5bc116 14/07/2009 00:19:50 swenum.sys fffff880`0444d000 fffff880`0444e480 0x00001480 0x4a5bca92 14/07/2009 01:00:18 ks.sys fffff880`0419e000 fffff880`041e1000 0x00043000 0x4b8f37d9 04/03/2010 05:32:25 umbus.sys fffff880`041e1000 fffff880`041f3000 0x00012000 0x4a5bcc20 14/07/2009 01:06:56 vpcusb.sys fffff880`04000000 fffff880`0401d000 0x0001d000 0x4ab97ab7 23/09/2009 02:32:39 usbrpm.sys fffff880`0401d000 fffff880`0402c000 0x0000f000 0x4a5bd2c2 14/07/2009 01:35:14 USBD.SYS fffff880`045fe000 fffff880`045fff00 0x00001f00 0x4d8c0a8b 25/03/2011 04:22:51 vmnetadapter.sys fffff880`10bf8000 fffff880`10c00000 0x00008000 0x4a800ce5 10/08/2009 13:04:53 VMNET.SYS fffff880`04276000 fffff880`04280000 0x0000a000 0x4a800ce2 10/08/2009 13:04:50 vpchbus.sys fffff880`0402c000 fffff880`04068000 0x0003c000 0x4ab97ab0 23/09/2009 02:32:32 usbhub.sys fffff880`04c26000 fffff880`04c80000 0x0005a000 0x4d8c0aaa 25/03/2011 04:23:22 NDProxy.SYS fffff880`04c80000 fffff880`04c95000 0x00015000 0x4a5bccdd 14/07/2009 01:10:05 HdAudio.sys fffff880`04c95000 fffff880`04cf1000 0x0005c000 0x4a5bcc23 14/07/2009 01:06:59 portcls.sys fffff880`04cf1000 fffff880`04d2e000 0x0003d000 0x4a5bcc03 14/07/2009 01:06:27 drmk.sys fffff880`04d2e000 fffff880`04d50000 0x00022000 0x4a5bd8e5 14/07/2009 02:01:25 ksthunk.sys fffff880`04d50000 fffff880`04d55200 0x00005200 0x4a5bca93 14/07/2009 01:00:19 win32k.sys fffff960`000c0000 fffff960`003d4000 0x00314000 0x00000000 Dxapi.sys fffff880`04d56000 fffff880`04d62000 0x0000c000 0x4a5bc574 14/07/2009 00:38:28 udfs.sys fffff880`04d62000 fffff880`04db6000 0x00054000 0x4a5bc1f9 14/07/2009 00:23:37 monitor.sys fffff880`04db6000 fffff880`04dc4000 0x0000e000 0x4a5bc58c 14/07/2009 00:38:52 TSDDD.dll fffff960`004c0000 fffff960`004ca000 0x0000a000 0x00000000 hidusb.sys fffff880`04dc4000 fffff880`04dd2000 0x0000e000 0x4a5bcbfe 14/07/2009 01:06:22 HIDCLASS.SYS fffff880`04dd2000 fffff880`04deb000 0x00019000 0x4a5bcbfd 14/07/2009 01:06:21 HIDPARSE.SYS fffff880`04deb000 fffff880`04df3080 0x00008080 0x4a5bcbf9 14/07/2009 01:06:17 cdd.dll fffff960`00660000 fffff960`00687000 0x00027000 0x00000000 mouhid.sys fffff880`04c00000 fffff880`04c0d000 0x0000d000 0x4a5bca94 14/07/2009 01:00:20 luafv.sys fffff880`05a78000 fffff880`05a9b000 0x00023000 0x4a5bc295 14/07/2009 00:26:13 WudfPf.sys fffff880`05a9b000 fffff880`05abc000 0x00021000 0x4a5bcbd1 14/07/2009 01:05:37 crashdmp.sys fffff880`05abc000 fffff880`05aca000 0x0000e000 0x4a5bcabd 14/07/2009 01:01:01 dump_dumpata.sys fffff880`05aca000 fffff880`05ad6000 0x0000c000 0x4a5bc113 14/07/2009 00:19:47 dump_msahci.sys fffff880`05ad6000 fffff880`05ae1000 0x0000b000 0x4a5bcabd 14/07/2009 01:01:01 dump_dumpfve.sys fffff880`05ae1000 fffff880`05af4000 0x00013000 0x4a5bc18f 14/07/2009 00:21:51 vmnetbridge.sys fffff880`05af4000 fffff880`05b04000 0x00010000 0x4a800d26 10/08/2009 13:05:58 lltdio.sys fffff880`05b04000 fffff880`05b19000 0x00015000 0x4a5bcc92 14/07/2009 01:08:50 rspndr.sys fffff880`05b19000 fffff880`05b31000 0x00018000 0x4a5bcc92 14/07/2009 01:08:50 HTTP.sys fffff880`05b31000 fffff880`05bf9000 0x000c8000 0x4a5bc1a8 14/07/2009 00:22:16 bowser.sys fffff880`05a00000 fffff880`05a1e000 0x0001e000 0x4d6497da 23/02/2011 06:15:06 mpsdrv.sys fffff880`05a1e000 fffff880`05a36000 0x00018000 0x4a5bcc79 14/07/2009 01:08:25 mrxsmb.sys fffff880`05a36000 fffff880`05a63000 0x0002d000 0x4dc0bf1a 04/05/2011 03:51:06 mrxsmb10.sys fffff880`066ce000 fffff880`0671c000 0x0004e000 0x4e17c0a7 09/07/2011 03:44:55 mrxsmb20.sys fffff880`0671c000 fffff880`0673f000 0x00023000 0x4dc0bf19 04/05/2011 03:51:05 hcmon.sys fffff880`0673f000 fffff880`0674b000 0x0000c000 0x4b5a765b 23/01/2010 05:08:59 vmci.sys fffff880`0674b000 fffff880`06763000 0x00018000 0x4b5a6e03 23/01/2010 04:33:23 vmx86.sys fffff880`06896000 fffff880`0696c000 0x000d6000 0x4b5a8e0d 23/01/2010 06:50:05 MpNWMon.sys fffff880`0696c000 fffff880`0697c000 0x00010000 0x4d9cc7fb 06/04/2011 21:07:23 peauth.sys fffff880`06600000 fffff880`066a6000 0x000a6000 0x4a5bd8df 14/07/2009 02:01:19 secdrv.SYS fffff880`0697c000 fffff880`06987000 0x0000b000 0x4508052e 13/09/2006 14:18:38 srvnet.sys fffff880`06987000 fffff880`069b4000 0x0002d000 0x4dba2ca3 29/04/2011 04:12:35 tcpipreg.sys fffff880`069b4000 fffff880`069c6000 0x00012000 0x4a5bcccd 14/07/2009 01:09:49 vmnetuserif.sys fffff880`069c6000 fffff880`069d0000 0x0000a000 0x4b5a7a6b 23/01/2010 05:26:19 vstor2-mntapi10.sys fffff880`069d0000 fffff880`069dc000 0x0000c000 0x49e94462 18/04/2009 04:09:22 vstor2-ws60.sys fffff880`069dc000 fffff880`069e8000 0x0000c000 0x4ad39a52 12/10/2009 22:06:26 srv2.sys fffff880`06800000 fffff880`06867000 0x00067000 0x4dba2cb3 29/04/2011 04:12:51 srv.sys fffff880`06763000 fffff880`067f8000 0x00095000 0x4dba2cc1 29/04/2011 04:13:05 NisDrvWFP.sys fffff880`06867000 fffff880`0687f000 0x00018000 0x4d9cc855 06/04/2011 21:08:53 WinRing0x64.sys fffff880`0687f000 fffff880`06886000 0x00007000 0x488b26c1 26/07/2008 14:29:37 asyncmac.sys fffff880`0aa8f000 fffff880`0aa9a000 0x0000b000 0x4a5bcce5 14/07/2009 01:10:13 nvoclk64.sys fffff880`0aa9a000 fffff880`0aaaa000 0x00010000 0x4ab00e3d 15/09/2009 22:59:25 I'd apreciate any help because I'm well outside of my comfort zone.

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  • Bacula windows client could not connect to Bacula director

    - by pr0f-r00t
    I have a Bacula server on my Linux Debian squeeze host (Bacula version 5.0.2) and a Bacula client on Windows XP SP3. On my network each client can see each other, can share files and can ping. On my local server I could run bconsole and the server responds but when I run bconsole or bat on my windows client the server does not respond. Here are my configuration files: bacula-dir.conf: # # Default Bacula Director Configuration file # # The only thing that MUST be changed is to add one or more # file or directory names in the Include directive of the # FileSet resource. # # For Bacula release 5.0.2 (28 April 2010) -- debian squeeze/sid # # You might also want to change the default email address # from root to your address. See the "mail" and "operator" # directives in the Messages resource. # Director { # define myself Name = nima-desktop-dir DIRport = 9101 # where we listen for UA connections QueryFile = "/etc/bacula/scripts/query.sql" WorkingDirectory = "/var/lib/bacula" PidDirectory = "/var/run/bacula" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 1 Password = "Cv70F6pf1t6pBopT4vQOnigDrR0v3L" # Console password Messages = Daemon DirAddress = 127.0.0.1 # DirAddress = 72.16.208.1 } JobDefs { Name = "DefaultJob" Type = Backup Level = Incremental Client = nima-desktop-fd FileSet = "Full Set" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = File Priority = 10 Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%c.bsr" } # # Define the main nightly save backup job # By default, this job will back up to disk in /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir Job { Name = "BackupClient1" JobDefs = "DefaultJob" } #Job { # Name = "BackupClient2" # Client = nima-desktop2-fd # JobDefs = "DefaultJob" #} # Backup the catalog database (after the nightly save) Job { Name = "BackupCatalog" JobDefs = "DefaultJob" Level = Full FileSet="Catalog" Schedule = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" # This creates an ASCII copy of the catalog # Arguments to make_catalog_backup.pl are: # make_catalog_backup.pl <catalog-name> RunBeforeJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/make_catalog_backup.pl MyCatalog" # This deletes the copy of the catalog RunAfterJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/delete_catalog_backup" Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%n.bsr" Priority = 11 # run after main backup } # # Standard Restore template, to be changed by Console program # Only one such job is needed for all Jobs/Clients/Storage ... # Job { Name = "RestoreFiles" Type = Restore Client=nima-desktop-fd FileSet="Full Set" Storage = File Pool = Default Messages = Standard Where = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir/bacula-restores } # job for vmware windows host Job { Name = "nimaxp-fd" Type = Backup Client = nimaxp-fd FileSet = "nimaxp-fs" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = Default Write Bootstrap = "/var/bacula/working/rsys-win-www-1-fd.bsr" #Change this } # job for vmware windows host Job { Name = "arg-michael-fd" Type = Backup Client = nimaxp-fd FileSet = "arg-michael-fs" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = Default Write Bootstrap = "/var/bacula/working/rsys-win-www-1-fd.bsr" #Change this } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "Full Set" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } # # Put your list of files here, preceded by 'File =', one per line # or include an external list with: # # File = <file-name # # Note: / backs up everything on the root partition. # if you have other partitions such as /usr or /home # you will probably want to add them too. # # By default this is defined to point to the Bacula binary # directory to give a reasonable FileSet to backup to # disk storage during initial testing. # File = /usr/sbin } # # If you backup the root directory, the following two excluded # files can be useful # Exclude { File = /var/lib/bacula File = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir File = /proc File = /tmp File = /.journal File = /.fsck } } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "nimaxp-fs" Enable VSS = yes Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "C:\softwares" File = C:/softwares File = "C:/softwares" } } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "arg-michael-fs" Enable VSS = yes Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "C:\softwares" File = C:/softwares File = "C:/softwares" } } # # When to do the backups, full backup on first sunday of the month, # differential (i.e. incremental since full) every other sunday, # and incremental backups other days Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycle" Run = Full 1st sun at 23:05 Run = Differential 2nd-5th sun at 23:05 Run = Incremental mon-sat at 23:05 } # This schedule does the catalog. It starts after the WeeklyCycle Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" Run = Full sun-sat at 23:10 } # This is the backup of the catalog FileSet { Name = "Catalog" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "/var/lib/bacula/bacula.sql" } } # Client (File Services) to backup Client { Name = nima-desktop-fd Address = localhost FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "_MOfxEuRzxijc0DIMcBqtyx9iW1tzE7V6" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # Client file service for vmware windows host Client { Name = nimaxp-fd Address = nimaxp FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "Ku8F1YAhDz5EMUQjiC9CcSw95Aho9XbXailUmjOaAXJP" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # Client file service for vmware windows host Client { Name = arg-michael-fd Address = 192.168.0.61 FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "b4E9FU6s/9Zm4BVFFnbXVKhlyd/zWxj0oWITKK6CALR/" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # # Second Client (File Services) to backup # You should change Name, Address, and Password before using # #Client { # Name = nima-desktop2-fd # Address = localhost2 # FDPort = 9102 # Catalog = MyCatalog # Password = "_MOfxEuRzxijc0DIMcBqtyx9iW1tzE7V62" # password for FileDaemon 2 # File Retention = 30 days # 30 days # Job Retention = 6 months # six months # AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files #} # Definition of file storage device Storage { Name = File # Do not use "localhost" here Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here SDPort = 9103 Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" Device = FileStorage Media Type = File } # Definition of DDS tape storage device #Storage { # Name = DDS-4 # Do not use "localhost" here # Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here # SDPort = 9103 # Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" # password for Storage daemon # Device = DDS-4 # must be same as Device in Storage daemon # Media Type = DDS-4 # must be same as MediaType in Storage daemon # Autochanger = yes # enable for autochanger device #} # Definition of 8mm tape storage device #Storage { # Name = "8mmDrive" # Do not use "localhost" here # Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here # SDPort = 9103 # Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" # Device = "Exabyte 8mm" # MediaType = "8mm" #} # Definition of DVD storage device #Storage { # Name = "DVD" # Do not use "localhost" here # Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here # SDPort = 9103 # Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" # Device = "DVD Writer" # MediaType = "DVD" #} # Generic catalog service Catalog { Name = MyCatalog # Uncomment the following line if you want the dbi driver # dbdriver = "dbi:sqlite3"; dbaddress = 127.0.0.1; dbport = dbname = "bacula"; dbuser = ""; dbpassword = "" } # Reasonable message delivery -- send most everything to email address # and to the console Messages { Name = Standard # # NOTE! If you send to two email or more email addresses, you will need # to replace the %r in the from field (-f part) with a single valid # email address in both the mailcommand and the operatorcommand. # What this does is, it sets the email address that emails would display # in the FROM field, which is by default the same email as they're being # sent to. However, if you send email to more than one address, then # you'll have to set the FROM address manually, to a single address. # for example, a '[email protected]', is better since that tends to # tell (most) people that its coming from an automated source. # mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: %t %e of %c %l\" %r" operatorcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: Intervention needed for %j\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped operator = root@localhost = mount console = all, !skipped, !saved # # WARNING! the following will create a file that you must cycle from # time to time as it will grow indefinitely. However, it will # also keep all your messages if they scroll off the console. # append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped catalog = all } # # Message delivery for daemon messages (no job). Messages { Name = Daemon mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula daemon message\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped console = all, !skipped, !saved append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped } # Default pool definition Pool { Name = Default Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year } # File Pool definition Pool { Name = File Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year Maximum Volume Bytes = 50G # Limit Volume size to something reasonable Maximum Volumes = 100 # Limit number of Volumes in Pool } # Scratch pool definition Pool { Name = Scratch Pool Type = Backup } # # Restricted console used by tray-monitor to get the status of the director # Console { Name = nima-desktop-mon Password = "-T0h6HCXWYNy0wWqOomysMvRGflQ_TA6c" CommandACL = status, .status } bacula-fd.conf on client: # # Default Bacula File Daemon Configuration file # # For Bacula release 5.0.3 (08/05/10) -- Windows MinGW32 # # There is not much to change here except perhaps the # File daemon Name # # # "Global" File daemon configuration specifications # FileDaemon { # this is me Name = nimaxp-fd FDport = 9102 # where we listen for the director WorkingDirectory = "C:\\Program Files\\Bacula\\working" Pid Directory = "C:\\Program Files\\Bacula\\working" # Plugin Directory = "C:\\Program Files\\Bacula\\plugins" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 10 } # # List Directors who are permitted to contact this File daemon # Director { Name = Nima-desktop-dir Password = "Cv70F6pf1t6pBopT4vQOnigDrR0v3L" } # # Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the # status of the file daemon # Director { Name = nimaxp-mon Password = "q5b5g+LkzDXorMViFwOn1/TUnjUyDlg+gRTBp236GrU3" Monitor = yes } # Send all messages except skipped files back to Director Messages { Name = Standard director = Nima-desktop = all, !skipped, !restored } I have checked my firewall and disabled the firewall but it doesn't work.

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  • How to stop a ICMP attack?

    - by cumhur onat
    We are under a heavy icmp flood attack. Tcpdump shows the result below. Altough we have blocked ICMP with iptables tcpdump still prints icmp packets. I've also attached iptables configuration and "top" result. Is there any thing I can do to completely stop icmp packets? [root@server downloads]# tcpdump icmp -v -n -nn tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 03:02:47.810957 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16007, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 124, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.811559 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16010, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.811922 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16012, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 122, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.812485 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16015, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 126, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.812613 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16016, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 122, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.812992 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16018, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 122, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.813582 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16020, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.814092 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16023, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 120, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.814233 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16024, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 120, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.815579 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16025, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 50, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.815726 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16026, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 50, id 31864, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 76) 77.92.136.196 > 94.201.175.188: [|icmp] 03:02:47.815890 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 49, id 16027, offset 0, flags [none], proto: ICMP (1), length: 56) 80.227.64.183 > 77.92.136.196: ICMP redirect 94.201.175.188 to host 80.227.64.129, length 36 iptables configuration: [root@server etc]# iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ofis tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:mysql ofis tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ftp DROP icmp -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DROP icmp -- anywhere anywhere Chain ofis (2 references) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- OUR_OFFICE_IP anywhere DROP all -- anywhere anywhere top: top - 03:12:19 up 400 days, 15:43, 3 users, load average: 1.49, 1.67, 2.61 Tasks: 751 total, 3 running, 748 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 8.2%us, 1.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 87.9%id, 2.1%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.7%si, 0.0%st Mem: 32949948k total, 26906844k used, 6043104k free, 4707676k buffers Swap: 10223608k total, 0k used, 10223608k free, 14255584k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 36 root 39 19 0 0 0 R 100.8 0.0 17:03.56 ksoftirqd/11 10552 root 15 0 11408 1460 676 R 5.7 0.0 0:00.04 top 7475 lighttpd 15 0 304m 22m 15m S 3.8 0.1 0:05.37 php-cgi 1294 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1.9 0.0 380:54.73 kjournald 3574 root 15 0 631m 11m 5464 S 1.9 0.0 0:00.65 node 7766 lighttpd 16 0 302m 19m 14m S 1.9 0.1 0:05.70 php-cgi 10237 postfix 15 0 52572 2216 1692 S 1.9 0.0 0:00.02 scache 1 root 15 0 10372 680 572 S 0.0 0.0 0:07.99 init 2 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:16.72 migration/0 3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.06 ksoftirqd/0 4 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 5 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 1:10.46 migration/1 6 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:01.11 ksoftirqd/1 7 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 8 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 2:36.15 migration/2 9 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.19 ksoftirqd/2 10 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2 11 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 3:48.91 migration/3 12 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.20 ksoftirqd/3 13 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/3 uname -a [root@server etc]# uname -a Linux thisis.oursite.com 2.6.18-238.19.1.el5 #1 SMP Fri Jul 15 07:31:24 EDT 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux arp -an [root@server downloads]# arp -an ? (77.92.136.194) at 00:25:90:04:F0:90 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.0.2) at 00:25:90:04:F0:91 [ether] on eth1 ? (77.92.136.193) at 00:23:9C:0B:CD:01 [ether] on eth0

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  • Inbound SIP calls through Cisco 881 NAT hang up after a few seconds

    - by MasterRoot24
    I've recently moved to a Cisco 881 router for my WAN link. I was previously using a Cisco Linksys WAG320N as my modem/router/WiFi AP/NAT firewall. The WAG320N is now running in bridged mode, so it's simply acting as a modem with one of it's LAN ports connected to FE4 WAN on my Cisco 881. The Cisco 881 get's a DHCP provided IP from my ISP. My LAN is part of default Vlan 1 (192.168.1.0/24). General internet connectivity is working great, I've managed to setup static NAT rules for my HTTP/HTTPS/SMTP/etc. services which are running on my LAN. I don't know whether it's worth mentioning that I've opted to use NVI NAT (ip nat enable as opposed to the traditional ip nat outside/ip nat inside) setup. My reason for this is that NVI allows NAT loopback from my LAN to the WAN IP and back in to the necessary server on the LAN. I run an Asterisk 1.8 PBX on my LAN, which connects to a SIP provider on the internet. Both inbound and outbound calls through the old setup (WAG320N providing routing/NAT) worked fine. However, since moving to the Cisco 881, inbound calls drop after around 10 seconds, whereas outbound calls work fine. The following message is logged on my Asterisk PBX: [Dec 9 15:27:45] WARNING[27734]: chan_sip.c:3641 retrans_pkt: Retransmission timeout reached on transmission [email protected] for seqno 1 (Critical Response) -- See https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions Packet timed out after 6528ms with no response [Dec 9 15:27:45] WARNING[27734]: chan_sip.c:3670 retrans_pkt: Hanging up call [email protected] - no reply to our critical packet (see https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions). (I know that this is quite a common issue - I've spend the best part of 2 days solid on this, trawling Google.) I've done as I am told and checked https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions. Referring to the section "Other SIP requests" in the page linked above, I believe that the hangup to be caused by the ACK from my SIP provider not being passed back through NAT to Asterisk on my PBX. I tried to ascertain this by dumping the packets on my WAN interface on the 881. I managed to obtain a PCAP dump of packets in/out of my WAN interface. Here's an example of an ACK being reveived by the router from my provider: 689 21.219999 193.x.x.x 188.x.x.x SIP 502 Request: ACK sip:[email protected] | However a SIP trace on the Asterisk server show's that there are no ACK's received in response to the 200 OK from my PBX: http://pastebin.com/wwHpLPPz In the past, I have been strongly advised to disable any sort of SIP ALGs on routers and/or firewalls and the many posts regarding this issue on the internet seem to support this. However, I believe on Cisco IOS, the config command to disable SIP ALG is no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 however, this doesn't appear to help the situation. To confirm that config setting is set: Router1#show running-config | include sip no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 Another interesting twist: for a short period of time, I tried another provider. Luckily, my trial account with them is still available, so I reverted my Asterisk config back to the revision before I integrated with my current provider. I then dialled in to the DDI associated with the trial trunk and the call didn't get hung up and I didn't get the error above! To me, this points at the provider, however I know, like all providers do, will say "There's no issues with our SIP proxies - it's your firewall." I'm tempted to agree with this, as this issue was not apparent with the old WAG320N router when it was doing the NAT'ing. I'm sure you'll want to see my running-config too: ! ! Last configuration change at 15:55:07 UTC Sun Dec 9 2012 by xxx version 15.2 no service pad service tcp-keepalives-in service tcp-keepalives-out service timestamps debug datetime msec localtime show-timezone service timestamps log datetime msec localtime show-timezone no service password-encryption service sequence-numbers ! hostname Router1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! security authentication failure rate 10 log security passwords min-length 6 logging buffered 4096 logging console critical enable secret 4 xxx ! aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login local_auth local ! ! ! ! ! aaa session-id common ! memory-size iomem 10 ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-xxx enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-xxx revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-xxx ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-xxx certificate self-signed 01 quit no ip source-route no ip gratuitous-arps ip auth-proxy max-login-attempts 5 ip admission max-login-attempts 5 ! ! ! ! ! no ip bootp server ip domain name dmz.merlin.local ip domain list dmz.merlin.local ip domain list merlin.local ip name-server x.x.x.x ip inspect audit-trail ip inspect udp idle-time 1800 ip inspect dns-timeout 7 ip inspect tcp idle-time 14400 ip inspect name autosec_inspect ftp timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect http timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect rcmd timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect realaudio timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect smtp timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect tftp timeout 30 ip inspect name autosec_inspect udp timeout 15 ip inspect name autosec_inspect tcp timeout 3600 ip cef login block-for 3 attempts 3 within 3 no ipv6 cef ! ! multilink bundle-name authenticated license udi pid CISCO881-SEC-K9 sn ! ! username xxx privilege 15 secret 4 xxx username xxx secret 4 xxx ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh time-out 60 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet3 switchport access vlan 2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet4 ip address dhcp no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable duplex auto speed auto ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable ! interface Vlan2 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ip http server ip http access-class 1 ip http authentication local ip http secure-server ip http timeout-policy idle 60 life 86400 requests 10000 ! ! no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 80 interface FastEthernet4 80 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 443 interface FastEthernet4 443 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 25 interface FastEthernet4 25 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 587 interface FastEthernet4 587 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 143 interface FastEthernet4 143 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 993 interface FastEthernet4 993 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ! ! logging trap debugging logging facility local2 access-list 1 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 no cdp run ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! banner motd Authorized Access only ! line con 0 login authentication local_auth length 0 transport output all line aux 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth transport output all line vty 0 1 access-class 1 in logging synchronous login authentication local_auth length 0 transport preferred none transport input telnet transport output all line vty 2 4 access-class 1 in login authentication local_auth length 0 transport input ssh transport output all ! ! end ...and, if it's of any use, here's my Asterisk SIP config: [general] context=default ; Default context for calls allowoverlap=no ; Disable overlap dialing support. (Default is yes) udpbindaddr=0.0.0.0 ; IP address to bind UDP listen socket to (0.0.0.0 binds to all) ; Optionally add a port number, 192.168.1.1:5062 (default is port 5060) tcpenable=no ; Enable server for incoming TCP connections (default is no) tcpbindaddr=0.0.0.0 ; IP address for TCP server to bind to (0.0.0.0 binds to all interfaces) ; Optionally add a port number, 192.168.1.1:5062 (default is port 5060) srvlookup=yes ; Enable DNS SRV lookups on outbound calls ; Note: Asterisk only uses the first host ; in SRV records ; Disabling DNS SRV lookups disables the ; ability to place SIP calls based on domain ; names to some other SIP users on the Internet ; Specifying a port in a SIP peer definition or ; when dialing outbound calls will supress SRV ; lookups for that peer or call. directmedia=no ; Don't allow direct RTP media between extensions (doesn't work through NAT) externhost=<MY DYNDNS HOSTNAME> ; Our external hostname to resolve to IP and be used in NAT'ed packets localnet=192.168.1.0/24 ; Define our local network so we know which packets need NAT'ing qualify=yes ; Qualify peers by default dtmfmode=rfc2833 ; Set the default DTMF mode disallow=all ; Disallow all codecs by default allow=ulaw ; Allow G.711 u-law allow=alaw ; Allow G.711 a-law ; ---------------------- ; SIP Trunk Registration ; ---------------------- ; Orbtalk register => <MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME>:[email protected]/<MY DDI> ; Main Orbtalk number ; ---------- ; Trunks ; ---------- [orbtalk] ; Main Orbtalk trunk type=peer insecure=invite host=sipgw3.orbtalk.co.uk nat=yes username=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> defaultuser=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> fromuser=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> secret=xxx context=inbound I really don't know where to go with this. If anyone can help me find out why these calls are being dropped off, I'd be grateful if you could chime in! Please let me know if any further info is required.

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  • Async ignored on AJAX requests on Nginx server

    - by eComEvo
    Despite sending an async request to the server over AJAX, the server will not respond until the previous unrelated request has finished. The following code is only broken in this way on Nginx, but runs perfectly on Apache. This call will start a background process and it waits for it to complete so it can display the final result. $.ajax({ type: 'GET', async: true, url: $(this).data('route'), data: $('input[name=data]').val(), dataType: 'json', success: function (data) { /* do stuff */} error: function (data) { /* handle errors */} }); The below is called after the above, which on Apache requires 100ms to execute and repeats itself, showing progress for data being written in the background: checkStatusInterval = setInterval(function () { $.ajax({ type: 'GET', async: false, cache: false, url: '/process-status?process=' + currentElement.attr('id'), dataType: 'json', success: function (data) { /* update progress bar and status message */ } }); }, 1000); Unfortunately, when this script is run from nginx, the above progress request never even finishes a single request until the first AJAX request that sent the data is done. If I change the async to TRUE in the above, it executes one every interval, but none of them complete until that very first AJAX request finishes. Here is the main nginx conf file: #user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # configure temporary paths # nginx is started with param -p, setting nginx path to serverpack installdir fastcgi_temp_path temp/fastcgi; uwsgi_temp_path temp/uwsgi; scgi_temp_path temp/scgi; client_body_temp_path temp/client-body 1 2; proxy_temp_path temp/proxy; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; # Sendfile copies data between one FD and other from within the kernel. # More efficient than read() + write(), since the requires transferring data to and from the user space. sendfile on; # Tcp_nopush causes nginx to attempt to send its HTTP response head in one packet, # instead of using partial frames. This is useful for prepending headers before calling sendfile, # or for throughput optimization. tcp_nopush on; # don't buffer data-sends (disable Nagle algorithm). Good for sending frequent small bursts of data in real time. tcp_nodelay on; types_hash_max_size 2048; # Timeout for keep-alive connections. Server will close connections after this time. keepalive_timeout 90; # Number of requests a client can make over the keep-alive connection. This is set high for testing. keepalive_requests 100000; # allow the server to close the connection after a client stops responding. Frees up socket-associated memory. reset_timedout_connection on; # send the client a "request timed out" if the body is not loaded by this time. Default 60. client_header_timeout 20; client_body_timeout 60; # If the client stops reading data, free up the stale client connection after this much time. Default 60. send_timeout 60; # Size Limits client_body_buffer_size 64k; client_header_buffer_size 4k; client_max_body_size 8M; # FastCGI fastcgi_connect_timeout 60; fastcgi_send_timeout 120; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; # default: 60 secs; when step debugging with XDEBUG, you need to increase this value fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; # Caches information about open FDs, freqently accessed files. open_file_cache max=200000 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_valid 30s; open_file_cache_min_uses 2; open_file_cache_errors on; # Turn on gzip output compression to save bandwidth. # http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpGzipModule gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_vary on; gzip_proxied any; #gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/javascript; # show all files and folders autoindex on; server { # access from localhost only listen 127.0.0.1:80; server_name localhost; root www; # the following default "catch-all" configuration, allows access to the server from outside. # please ensure your firewall allows access to tcp/port 80. check your "skype" config. # listen 80; # server_name _; log_not_found off; charset utf-8; access_log logs/access.log main; # handle files in the root path /www location / { index index.php index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root www; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9100 # location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9100; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # add expire headers location ~* ^.+.(gif|ico|jpg|jpeg|png|flv|swf|pdf|mp3|mp4|xml|txt|js|css)$ { expires 30d; } # deny access to .htaccess files (if Apache's document root concurs with nginx's one) # deny access to git & svn repositories location ~ /(\.ht|\.git|\.svn) { deny all; } } # include config files of "enabled" domains include domains-enabled/*.conf; } Here is the enabled domain conf file: access_log off; access_log C:/server/www/test.dev/logs/access.log; error_log C:/server/www/test.dev/logs/error.log; # HTTP Server server { listen 127.0.0.1:80; server_name test.dev; root C:/server/www/test.dev/public; index index.php; rewrite_log on; default_type application/octet-stream; #include /etc/nginx/mime.types; # Include common configurations. include domains-common/location.conf; } # HTTPS server server { listen 443 ssl; server_name test.dev; root C:/server/www/test.dev/public; index index.php; rewrite_log on; default_type application/octet-stream; #include /etc/nginx/mime.types; # Include common configurations. include domains-common/location.conf; include domains-common/ssl.conf; } Contents of ssl.conf: # OpenSSL for HTTPS connections. ssl on; ssl_certificate C:/server/bin/openssl/certs/cert.pem; ssl_certificate_key C:/server/bin/openssl/certs/cert.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # Pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9100 location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_param HTTPS on; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9100; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } Contents of location.conf: # Remove trailing slash to please Laravel routing system. if (!-d $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.+)/$ /$1 permanent; } location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string; } # We don't need .ht files with nginx. location ~ /(\.ht|\.git|\.svn) { deny all; } # Added cache headers for images. location ~* \.(png|jpg|jpeg|gif)$ { expires 30d; log_not_found off; } # Only 3 hours on CSS/JS to allow me to roll out fixes during early weeks. location ~* \.(js|css)$ { expires 3h; log_not_found off; } # Add expire headers. location ~* ^.+.(gif|ico|jpg|jpeg|png|flv|swf|pdf|mp3|mp4|xml|txt)$ { expires 30d; } # Pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9100 location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri /index.php =404; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9100; } Any ideas where this is going wrong?

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  • Problem using a public key when connecting to a SSH server running on Cygwin

    - by Deleted
    We have installed Cygwin on a Windows Server 2008 Standard server and it working pretty well. Unfortunately we still have a big problem. We want to connect using a public key through SSH which doesn't work. It always falls back to using password login. We have appended our public key to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on the server and we have our private and public key in ~/.ssh/id_dsa respective ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub on the client. When debugging the SSH login session we see that the key is offered by the server apparently rejects it by some unknown reason. The SSH output when connecting from an Ubuntu 9.10 desktop with debug information enabled: $ ssh -v 192.168.10.11 OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2, OpenSSL 0.9.8g 19 Oct 2007 debug1: Reading configuration data /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/config debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for debug1: Connecting to 192.168.10.11 [192.168.10.11] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host '192.168.10.11' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/known_hosts:12 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Trying private key: /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: The version of Cygwin: $ uname -a CYGWIN_NT-6.0 servername 1.7.1(0.218/5/3) 2009-12-07 11:48 i686 Cygwin The installed packages: $ cygcheck -c Cygwin Package Information Package Version Status _update-info-dir 00871-1 OK alternatives 1.3.30c-10 OK arj 3.10.22-1 OK aspell 0.60.5-1 OK aspell-en 6.0.0-1 OK aspell-sv 0.50.2-2 OK autossh 1.4b-1 OK base-cygwin 2.1-1 OK base-files 3.9-3 OK base-passwd 3.1-1 OK bash 3.2.49-23 OK bash-completion 1.1-2 OK bc 1.06-2 OK bzip2 1.0.5-10 OK cabextract 1.1-1 OK compface 1.5.2-1 OK coreutils 7.0-2 OK cron 4.1-59 OK crypt 1.1-1 OK csih 0.9.1-1 OK curl 7.19.6-1 OK cvs 1.12.13-10 OK cvsutils 0.2.5-1 OK cygrunsrv 1.34-1 OK cygutils 1.4.2-1 OK cygwin 1.7.1-1 OK cygwin-doc 1.5-1 OK cygwin-x-doc 1.1.0-1 OK dash 0.5.5.1-2 OK diffutils 2.8.7-2 OK doxygen 1.6.1-2 OK e2fsprogs 1.35-3 OK editrights 1.01-2 OK emacs 23.1-10 OK emacs-X11 23.1-10 OK file 5.04-1 OK findutils 4.5.5-1 OK flip 1.19-1 OK font-adobe-dpi75 1.0.1-1 OK font-alias 1.0.2-1 OK font-encodings 1.0.3-1 OK font-misc-misc 1.1.0-1 OK fontconfig 2.8.0-1 OK gamin 0.1.10-10 OK gawk 3.1.7-1 OK gettext 0.17-11 OK gnome-icon-theme 2.28.0-1 OK grep 2.5.4-2 OK groff 1.19.2-2 OK gvim 7.2.264-1 OK gzip 1.3.12-2 OK hicolor-icon-theme 0.11-1 OK inetutils 1.5-6 OK ipc-utils 1.0-1 OK keychain 2.6.8-1 OK less 429-1 OK libaspell15 0.60.5-1 OK libatk1.0_0 1.28.0-1 OK libaudio2 1.9.2-1 OK libbz2_1 1.0.5-10 OK libcairo2 1.8.8-1 OK libcurl4 7.19.6-1 OK libdb4.2 4.2.52.5-2 OK libdb4.5 4.5.20.2-2 OK libexpat1 2.0.1-1 OK libfam0 0.1.10-10 OK libfontconfig1 2.8.0-1 OK libfontenc1 1.0.5-1 OK libfreetype6 2.3.12-1 OK libgcc1 4.3.4-3 OK libgdbm4 1.8.3-20 OK libgdk_pixbuf2.0_0 2.18.6-1 OK libgif4 4.1.6-10 OK libGL1 7.6.1-1 OK libglib2.0_0 2.22.4-2 OK libglitz1 0.5.6-10 OK libgmp3 4.3.1-3 OK libgtk2.0_0 2.18.6-1 OK libICE6 1.0.6-1 OK libiconv2 1.13.1-1 OK libidn11 1.16-1 OK libintl3 0.14.5-1 OK libintl8 0.17-11 OK libjasper1 1.900.1-1 OK libjbig2 2.0-11 OK libjpeg62 6b-21 OK libjpeg7 7-10 OK liblzma1 4.999.9beta-10 OK libncurses10 5.7-18 OK libncurses8 5.5-10 OK libncurses9 5.7-16 OK libopenldap2_3_0 2.3.43-1 OK libpango1.0_0 1.26.2-1 OK libpcre0 8.00-1 OK libpixman1_0 0.16.6-1 OK libpng12 1.2.35-10 OK libpopt0 1.6.4-4 OK libpq5 8.2.11-1 OK libreadline6 5.2.14-12 OK libreadline7 6.0.3-2 OK libsasl2 2.1.19-3 OK libSM6 1.1.1-1 OK libssh2_1 1.2.2-1 OK libssp0 4.3.4-3 OK libstdc++6 4.3.4-3 OK libtiff5 3.9.2-1 OK libwrap0 7.6-20 OK libX11_6 1.3.3-1 OK libXau6 1.0.5-1 OK libXaw3d7 1.5D-8 OK libXaw7 1.0.7-1 OK libxcb-render-util0 0.3.6-1 OK libxcb-render0 1.5-1 OK libxcb1 1.5-1 OK libXcomposite1 0.4.1-1 OK libXcursor1 1.1.10-1 OK libXdamage1 1.1.2-1 OK libXdmcp6 1.0.3-1 OK libXext6 1.1.1-1 OK libXfixes3 4.0.4-1 OK libXft2 2.1.14-1 OK libXi6 1.3-1 OK libXinerama1 1.1-1 OK libxkbfile1 1.0.6-1 OK libxml2 2.7.6-1 OK libXmu6 1.0.5-1 OK libXmuu1 1.0.5-1 OK libXpm4 3.5.8-1 OK libXrandr2 1.3.0-10 OK libXrender1 0.9.5-1 OK libXt6 1.0.7-1 OK links 1.00pre20-1 OK login 1.10-10 OK luit 1.0.5-1 OK lynx 2.8.5-4 OK man 1.6e-1 OK minires 1.02-1 OK mkfontdir 1.0.5-1 OK mkfontscale 1.0.7-1 OK openssh 5.4p1-1 OK openssl 0.9.8m-1 OK patch 2.5.8-9 OK patchutils 0.3.1-1 OK perl 5.10.1-3 OK rebase 3.0.1-1 OK run 1.1.12-11 OK screen 4.0.3-5 OK sed 4.1.5-2 OK shared-mime-info 0.70-1 OK tar 1.22.90-1 OK terminfo 5.7_20091114-13 OK terminfo0 5.5_20061104-11 OK texinfo 4.13-3 OK tidy 041206-1 OK time 1.7-2 OK tzcode 2009k-1 OK unzip 6.0-10 OK util-linux 2.14.1-1 OK vim 7.2.264-2 OK wget 1.11.4-4 OK which 2.20-2 OK wput 0.6.1-2 OK xauth 1.0.4-1 OK xclipboard 1.1.0-1 OK xcursor-themes 1.0.2-1 OK xemacs 21.4.22-1 OK xemacs-emacs-common 21.4.22-1 OK xemacs-sumo 2007-04-27-1 OK xemacs-tags 21.4.22-1 OK xeyes 1.1.0-1 OK xinit 1.2.1-1 OK xinput 1.5.0-1 OK xkbcomp 1.1.1-1 OK xkeyboard-config 1.8-1 OK xkill 1.0.2-1 OK xmodmap 1.0.4-1 OK xorg-docs 1.5-1 OK xorg-server 1.7.6-2 OK xrdb 1.0.6-1 OK xset 1.1.0-1 OK xterm 255-1 OK xz 4.999.9beta-10 OK zip 3.0-11 OK zlib 1.2.3-10 OK zlib-devel 1.2.3-10 OK zlib0 1.2.3-10 OK The ssh deamon configuration file: $ cat /etc/sshd_config # $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.80 2008/07/02 02:24:18 djm Exp $ # This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See # sshd_config(5) for more information. # This sshd was compiled with PATH=/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/bin # The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with # OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where # possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a # default value. Port 22 #AddressFamily any #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 #ListenAddress :: # Disable legacy (protocol version 1) support in the server for new # installations. In future the default will change to require explicit # activation of protocol 1 Protocol 2 # HostKey for protocol version 1 #HostKey /etc/ssh_host_key # HostKeys for protocol version 2 #HostKey /etc/ssh_host_rsa_key #HostKey /etc/ssh_host_dsa_key # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key #KeyRegenerationInterval 1h #ServerKeyBits 1024 # Logging # obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging #SyslogFacility AUTH #LogLevel INFO # Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m #PermitRootLogin yes StrictModes no #MaxAuthTries 6 #MaxSessions 10 RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts #RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 #HostbasedAuthentication no # Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for # RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts no # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files #IgnoreRhosts yes # To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here! #PasswordAuthentication yes #PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to no to disable s/key passwords #ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes #KerberosGetAFSToken no # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and # PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration, # PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass # the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password". # If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without # PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication # and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'. #UsePAM no AllowAgentForwarding yes AllowTcpForwarding yes GatewayPorts yes X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 X11UseLocalhost no #PrintMotd yes #PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no UsePrivilegeSeparation yes #PermitUserEnvironment no #Compression delayed #ClientAliveInterval 0 #ClientAliveCountMax 3 #UseDNS yes #PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid #MaxStartups 10 #PermitTunnel no #ChrootDirectory none # no default banner path #Banner none # override default of no subsystems Subsystem sftp /usr/sbin/sftp-server # Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis #Match User anoncvs #X11Forwarding yes #AllowTcpForwarding yes #ForceCommand cvs server I hope this information is enough to solve the problem. In case any more is needed please comment and I'll add it. Thank you for reading!

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  • Cisco VPN Client Behind ASA 5505

    - by fdf33
    I'm trying to get connected to another ASA via Cisco VPN Client. I am behind an ASA 5505 myself and I am tryihng to VPN to a 5510. I get the message: Secure VPN Connection terminated locally by the Client. Reason 412: The remote peer is no longer responding. I can connect to the other ASA if I use a normal cheap Linksys. Here's the version of my ASA: Result of the command: "sh ver" Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software Version 8.4(1) Any help would be great. Thanks running-config : Saved : Written by enable_15 at 23:12:32.378 UTC Fri Jul 1 2011 ! ASA Version 8.4(1) ! hostname aaaasa domain-name aaa.local enable password xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted passwd xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted names ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 255.255.254.0 ! interface Vlan5 no nameif security-level 50 ip address 172.16.0.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan500 no nameif security-level 100 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! boot system disk0:/asa841-k8.bin ftp mode passive dns domain-lookup inside dns domain-lookup outside dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server 4.2.2.2 domain-name aaa.local same-security-traffic permit inter-interface same-security-traffic permit intra-interface object network obj_any subnet 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 object network A_93.97.168.1 host 93.97.168.1 object network rdp host 192.168.1.2 object network NETWORK_OBJ_192.168.1.0_24 subnet 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 access-list 101 extended permit tcp any host 192.168.1.2 eq 3389 access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any echo-reply access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any source-quench access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any time-exceeded access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any unreachable access-list 102 extended permit ip any any pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1492 ip local pool VPNPool 192.168.2.200-192.168.2.210 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-641.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 ! object network rdp nat (inside,outside) static interface service tcp 3389 3389 ! nat (inside,outside) after-auto source dynamic any interface access-group 101 in interface outside access-group 102 out interface outside ! router ospf 1 network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 log-adj-changes ! route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 93.97.168.1 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal DES protocol esp encryption des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal 3DES protocol esp encryption 3des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES protocol esp encryption aes protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES192 protocol esp encryption aes-192 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 protocol esp encryption aes-256 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto dynamic-map SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP 65535 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 AES192 AES 3DES DES crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto ca trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 enrollment self subject-name CN=ciscoasa proxy-ldc-issuer crl configure crypto ca certificate chain ASDM_TrustPoint0 certificate 8877d64d 30820248 308201b1 a0030201 02020488 77d64d30 0d06092a 864886f7 0d010105 05003036 3111300f 06035504 03130863 6973636f 61736131 21301f06 092a8648 86f70d01 09021612 63697363 6f617361 2e6e6a64 2e6c6f63 616c301e 170d3131 30353231 30383533 34325a17 0d323130 35313830 38353334 325a3036 3111300f 06035504 03130863 6973636f 61736131 21301f06 092a8648 86f70d01 09021612 63697363 6f617361 2e6e6a64 2e6c6f63 616c3081 9f300d06 092a8648 86f70d01 01010500 03818d00 30818902 818100ea 1aa95141 480e616c efee6816 a96d6511 313b6776 cd3dd57b cd84b4d2 5e108aee 7c980086 4d92e2eb b6c7bf66 4585af0a ccbf153a db9270be c6f5c67b db9dd8d1 2f78d033 3348b056 df4be0da 70e08953 53adf294 9db6c020 597d250f bf448b43 b90179c8 ff0b15d8 744632d9 31c1945f 0b11e258 b4c1d224 692efff4 7b2f5102 03010001 a3633061 300f0603 551d1301 01ff0405 30030101 ff300e06 03551d0f 0101ff04 04030201 86301f06 03551d23 04183016 8014493c 19db183a ab1af9e9 b1e44ad4 2a408b3c 89d1301d 0603551d 0e041604 14493c19 db183aab 1af9e9b1 e44ad42a 408b3c89 d1300d06 092a8648 86f70d01 01050500 03818100 1dd1760a fdd15941 4803fb9a cd6f44a7 2e275854 a1c0fbe1 d19f2cc9 182d43ef a547f854 8df96d15 3ea79c62 cf3fcb1c 5820360b c607dbfc 4de8bb16 19f727e9 b928a085 665816d8 138e4a35 ed610950 7910dd4a 0b1a9dd9 0e26f1c8 b78bc0cc cbf19eb2 4c4c3931 45199ea5 249e3266 661e44fd 7a00d376 dcfc6e4e d43f10b8 quit crypto isakmp nat-traversal 30 crypto ikev2 policy 1 encryption aes-256 integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 10 encryption aes-192 integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 20 encryption aes integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 30 encryption 3des integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 40 encryption des integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 enable outside client-services port 443 crypto ikev2 remote-access trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.5-192.168.1.36 inside dhcpd dns 4.2.2.2 interface inside dhcpd enable inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics host number-of-rate 3 threat-detection statistics port threat-detection statistics protocol threat-detection statistics access-list threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept rate-interval 30 burst-rate 400 average-rate 200 ntp server 82.219.4.31 source outside prefer ssl trust-point ASDM_TrustPoint0 outside webvpn enable outside anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-win-2.4.1012-k9.pkg 1 anyconnect profiles AnyConnectVPN_client_profile disk0:/AnyConnectVPN_client_profile.xml anyconnect profiles SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile disk0:/SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile.xml anyconnect enable tunnel-group-list enable group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN internal group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN attributes wins-server none dns-server value 4.2.2.2 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client ssl-clientless default-domain value aaa.local webvpn url-list none anyconnect profiles value AnyConnectVPN_client_profile type user group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN internal group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN attributes wins-server none dns-server value 4.2.2.2 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client default-domain value aaa.local webvpn anyconnect profiles value SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile type user username testuser password xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted privilege 0 username testuser attributes vpn-group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLPOL type remote-access tunnel-group SSLPOL general-attributes default-group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN type remote-access tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN general-attributes address-pool VPNPool default-group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN webvpn-attributes group-alias SSLAnyConnectVPN enable ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect esmtp inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect ip-options inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect sip inspect skinny inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect xdmcp ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context call-home profile CiscoTAC-1 no active destination address http https://tools.cisco.com/its/service/oddce/services/DDCEService destination address email [email protected] destination transport-method http subscribe-to-alert-group diagnostic subscribe-to-alert-group environment subscribe-to-alert-group inventory periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group configuration periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group telemetry periodic daily Cryptochecksum:94a65341aa27d3929d5e92a32ba22120 : end

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  • Problem using a public key when connecting to a SSH server running on Cygwin

    - by binary255
    We have installed Cygwin on a Windows Server 2008 Standard server and it working pretty well. Unfortunately we still have a big problem. We want to connect using a public key through SSH which doesn't work. It always falls back to using password login. We have appended our public key to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on the server and we have our private and public key in ~/.ssh/id_dsa respective ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub on the client. When debugging the SSH login session we see that the key is offered by the server apparently rejects it by some unknown reason. The SSH output when connecting from an Ubuntu 9.10 desktop with debug information enabled: $ ssh -v 192.168.10.11 OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2, OpenSSL 0.9.8g 19 Oct 2007 debug1: Reading configuration data /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/config debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for debug1: Connecting to 192.168.10.11 [192.168.10.11] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host '192.168.10.11' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/known_hosts:12 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Trying private key: /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /home/myuseraccount/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: The version of Cygwin: $ uname -a CYGWIN_NT-6.0 servername 1.7.1(0.218/5/3) 2009-12-07 11:48 i686 Cygwin The installed packages: $ cygcheck -c Cygwin Package Information Package Version Status _update-info-dir 00871-1 OK alternatives 1.3.30c-10 OK arj 3.10.22-1 OK aspell 0.60.5-1 OK aspell-en 6.0.0-1 OK aspell-sv 0.50.2-2 OK autossh 1.4b-1 OK base-cygwin 2.1-1 OK base-files 3.9-3 OK base-passwd 3.1-1 OK bash 3.2.49-23 OK bash-completion 1.1-2 OK bc 1.06-2 OK bzip2 1.0.5-10 OK cabextract 1.1-1 OK compface 1.5.2-1 OK coreutils 7.0-2 OK cron 4.1-59 OK crypt 1.1-1 OK csih 0.9.1-1 OK curl 7.19.6-1 OK cvs 1.12.13-10 OK cvsutils 0.2.5-1 OK cygrunsrv 1.34-1 OK cygutils 1.4.2-1 OK cygwin 1.7.1-1 OK cygwin-doc 1.5-1 OK cygwin-x-doc 1.1.0-1 OK dash 0.5.5.1-2 OK diffutils 2.8.7-2 OK doxygen 1.6.1-2 OK e2fsprogs 1.35-3 OK editrights 1.01-2 OK emacs 23.1-10 OK emacs-X11 23.1-10 OK file 5.04-1 OK findutils 4.5.5-1 OK flip 1.19-1 OK font-adobe-dpi75 1.0.1-1 OK font-alias 1.0.2-1 OK font-encodings 1.0.3-1 OK font-misc-misc 1.1.0-1 OK fontconfig 2.8.0-1 OK gamin 0.1.10-10 OK gawk 3.1.7-1 OK gettext 0.17-11 OK gnome-icon-theme 2.28.0-1 OK grep 2.5.4-2 OK groff 1.19.2-2 OK gvim 7.2.264-1 OK gzip 1.3.12-2 OK hicolor-icon-theme 0.11-1 OK inetutils 1.5-6 OK ipc-utils 1.0-1 OK keychain 2.6.8-1 OK less 429-1 OK libaspell15 0.60.5-1 OK libatk1.0_0 1.28.0-1 OK libaudio2 1.9.2-1 OK libbz2_1 1.0.5-10 OK libcairo2 1.8.8-1 OK libcurl4 7.19.6-1 OK libdb4.2 4.2.52.5-2 OK libdb4.5 4.5.20.2-2 OK libexpat1 2.0.1-1 OK libfam0 0.1.10-10 OK libfontconfig1 2.8.0-1 OK libfontenc1 1.0.5-1 OK libfreetype6 2.3.12-1 OK libgcc1 4.3.4-3 OK libgdbm4 1.8.3-20 OK libgdk_pixbuf2.0_0 2.18.6-1 OK libgif4 4.1.6-10 OK libGL1 7.6.1-1 OK libglib2.0_0 2.22.4-2 OK libglitz1 0.5.6-10 OK libgmp3 4.3.1-3 OK libgtk2.0_0 2.18.6-1 OK libICE6 1.0.6-1 OK libiconv2 1.13.1-1 OK libidn11 1.16-1 OK libintl3 0.14.5-1 OK libintl8 0.17-11 OK libjasper1 1.900.1-1 OK libjbig2 2.0-11 OK libjpeg62 6b-21 OK libjpeg7 7-10 OK liblzma1 4.999.9beta-10 OK libncurses10 5.7-18 OK libncurses8 5.5-10 OK libncurses9 5.7-16 OK libopenldap2_3_0 2.3.43-1 OK libpango1.0_0 1.26.2-1 OK libpcre0 8.00-1 OK libpixman1_0 0.16.6-1 OK libpng12 1.2.35-10 OK libpopt0 1.6.4-4 OK libpq5 8.2.11-1 OK libreadline6 5.2.14-12 OK libreadline7 6.0.3-2 OK libsasl2 2.1.19-3 OK libSM6 1.1.1-1 OK libssh2_1 1.2.2-1 OK libssp0 4.3.4-3 OK libstdc++6 4.3.4-3 OK libtiff5 3.9.2-1 OK libwrap0 7.6-20 OK libX11_6 1.3.3-1 OK libXau6 1.0.5-1 OK libXaw3d7 1.5D-8 OK libXaw7 1.0.7-1 OK libxcb-render-util0 0.3.6-1 OK libxcb-render0 1.5-1 OK libxcb1 1.5-1 OK libXcomposite1 0.4.1-1 OK libXcursor1 1.1.10-1 OK libXdamage1 1.1.2-1 OK libXdmcp6 1.0.3-1 OK libXext6 1.1.1-1 OK libXfixes3 4.0.4-1 OK libXft2 2.1.14-1 OK libXi6 1.3-1 OK libXinerama1 1.1-1 OK libxkbfile1 1.0.6-1 OK libxml2 2.7.6-1 OK libXmu6 1.0.5-1 OK libXmuu1 1.0.5-1 OK libXpm4 3.5.8-1 OK libXrandr2 1.3.0-10 OK libXrender1 0.9.5-1 OK libXt6 1.0.7-1 OK links 1.00pre20-1 OK login 1.10-10 OK luit 1.0.5-1 OK lynx 2.8.5-4 OK man 1.6e-1 OK minires 1.02-1 OK mkfontdir 1.0.5-1 OK mkfontscale 1.0.7-1 OK openssh 5.4p1-1 OK openssl 0.9.8m-1 OK patch 2.5.8-9 OK patchutils 0.3.1-1 OK perl 5.10.1-3 OK rebase 3.0.1-1 OK run 1.1.12-11 OK screen 4.0.3-5 OK sed 4.1.5-2 OK shared-mime-info 0.70-1 OK tar 1.22.90-1 OK terminfo 5.7_20091114-13 OK terminfo0 5.5_20061104-11 OK texinfo 4.13-3 OK tidy 041206-1 OK time 1.7-2 OK tzcode 2009k-1 OK unzip 6.0-10 OK util-linux 2.14.1-1 OK vim 7.2.264-2 OK wget 1.11.4-4 OK which 2.20-2 OK wput 0.6.1-2 OK xauth 1.0.4-1 OK xclipboard 1.1.0-1 OK xcursor-themes 1.0.2-1 OK xemacs 21.4.22-1 OK xemacs-emacs-common 21.4.22-1 OK xemacs-sumo 2007-04-27-1 OK xemacs-tags 21.4.22-1 OK xeyes 1.1.0-1 OK xinit 1.2.1-1 OK xinput 1.5.0-1 OK xkbcomp 1.1.1-1 OK xkeyboard-config 1.8-1 OK xkill 1.0.2-1 OK xmodmap 1.0.4-1 OK xorg-docs 1.5-1 OK xorg-server 1.7.6-2 OK xrdb 1.0.6-1 OK xset 1.1.0-1 OK xterm 255-1 OK xz 4.999.9beta-10 OK zip 3.0-11 OK zlib 1.2.3-10 OK zlib-devel 1.2.3-10 OK zlib0 1.2.3-10 OK The ssh deamon configuration file: $ cat /etc/sshd_config # $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.80 2008/07/02 02:24:18 djm Exp $ # This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See # sshd_config(5) for more information. # This sshd was compiled with PATH=/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/bin # The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with # OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where # possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a # default value. Port 22 #AddressFamily any #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 #ListenAddress :: # Disable legacy (protocol version 1) support in the server for new # installations. In future the default will change to require explicit # activation of protocol 1 Protocol 2 # HostKey for protocol version 1 #HostKey /etc/ssh_host_key # HostKeys for protocol version 2 #HostKey /etc/ssh_host_rsa_key #HostKey /etc/ssh_host_dsa_key # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key #KeyRegenerationInterval 1h #ServerKeyBits 1024 # Logging # obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging #SyslogFacility AUTH #LogLevel INFO # Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m #PermitRootLogin yes StrictModes no #MaxAuthTries 6 #MaxSessions 10 RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts #RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 #HostbasedAuthentication no # Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for # RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts no # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files #IgnoreRhosts yes # To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here! #PasswordAuthentication yes #PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to no to disable s/key passwords #ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes #KerberosGetAFSToken no # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and # PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration, # PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass # the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password". # If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without # PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication # and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'. #UsePAM no AllowAgentForwarding yes AllowTcpForwarding yes GatewayPorts yes X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 X11UseLocalhost no #PrintMotd yes #PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no UsePrivilegeSeparation yes #PermitUserEnvironment no #Compression delayed #ClientAliveInterval 0 #ClientAliveCountMax 3 #UseDNS yes #PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid #MaxStartups 10 #PermitTunnel no #ChrootDirectory none # no default banner path #Banner none # override default of no subsystems Subsystem sftp /usr/sbin/sftp-server # Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis #Match User anoncvs #X11Forwarding yes #AllowTcpForwarding yes #ForceCommand cvs server I hope this information is enough to solve the problem. In case any more is needed please comment and I'll add it. Thank you for reading!

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  • Varnish default.vcl grace period

    - by Vladimir
    These are my settings for a grace period (/etc/varnish/default.vcl) sub vcl_recv { .... set req.grace = 360000s; ... } sub vcl_fetch { ... set beresp.grace = 360000s; ... } I tested Varnish using localhost and nodejs as a server. I started localhost, the site was up. Then I disconnected server and the site got disconnected in less than 2 min. It says: Error 503 Service Unavailable Service Unavailable Guru Meditation: XID: 1890127100 Varnish cache server Could you tell me what could be the problem? sub vcl_fetch { if (beresp.ttl < 120s) { ##std.log("Adjusting TTL"); set beresp.ttl = 36000s; ##120s; } # Do not cache the object if the backend application does not want us to. if (beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "(no-cache|no-store|private|must-revalidate)") { return(hit_for_pass); } # Do not cache the object if the status is not in the 200s if (beresp.status >= 300) { # Remove the Set-Cookie header #remove beresp.http.Set-Cookie; return(hit_for_pass); } # # Everything below here should be cached # # Remove the Set-Cookie header ####remove beresp.http.Set-Cookie; # Set the grace time ## set beresp.grace = 1s; //change this to minutes in case of app shutdown set beresp.grace = 360000s; ## 10 hour - reduce if it has negative impact # Static assets - browser caches tpiphem for a long time. if (req.url ~ "\.(css|js|.js|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|png)\??\d*$") { /* Remove Expires from backend, it's not long enough */ unset beresp.http.expires; /* Set the clients TTL on this object */ set beresp.http.cache-control = "public, max-age=31536000"; /* marker for vcl_deliver to reset Age: */ set beresp.http.magicmarker = "1"; } else { set beresp.http.Cache-Control = "private, max-age=0, must-revalidate"; set beresp.http.Pragma = "no-cache"; } if (req.url ~ "\.(css|js|min|)\??\d*$") { set beresp.do_gzip = true; unset beresp.http.expires; set beresp.http.cache-control = "public, max-age=31536000"; set beresp.http.expires = beresp.ttl; set beresp.http.age = "0"; } ##do not duplicate these settings if (req.url ~ ".css") { set beresp.do_gzip = true; unset beresp.http.expires; set beresp.http.cache-control = "public, max-age=31536000"; set beresp.http.expires = beresp.ttl; set beresp.http.age = "0"; } if (req.url ~ ".js") { set beresp.do_gzip = true; unset beresp.http.expires; set beresp.http.cache-control = "public, max-age=31536000"; set beresp.http.expires = beresp.ttl; set beresp.http.age = "0"; } if (req.url ~ ".min") { set beresp.do_gzip = true; unset beresp.http.expires; set beresp.http.cache-control = "public, max-age=31536000"; set beresp.http.expires = beresp.ttl; set beresp.http.age = "0"; } ## If the request to the backend returns a code other than 200, restart the loop ## If the number of restarts reaches the value of the parameter max_restarts, ## the request will be error'ed. max_restarts defaults to 4. This prevents ## an eternal loop in the event that, e.g., the object does not exist at all. if (beresp.status != 200 && beresp.status != 403 && beresp.status != 404) { return(restart); } if (beresp.status == 302) { return(deliver); } # Never cache posts if (req.url ~ "\/post\/" || req.url ~ "\/submit\/" || req.url ~ "\/ask\/" || req.url ~ "\/add\/") { return(hit_for_pass); } ##check this setting to ensure that it does not cause issues for browsers with no gzip if (beresp.http.content-type ~ "text") { set beresp.do_gzip = true; } if (beresp.http.Set-Cookie) { return(deliver); } ##if (req.url == "/index.html") { set beresp.do_esi = true; ##} ## check if this is needed or should be used # return(deliver); the object return(deliver); } sub vcl_recv { ##avoid leeching of images call hot_link; set req.grace = 360000s; ##2m ## if one backend is down - use another if (req.restarts == 0) { set req.backend = cache_director; ##we can specify individual VMs } else if (req.restarts == 1) { set req.backend = cache_director; } ## post calls should not be cached - add cookie for these requests if using micro-caching # Pass requests that are not GET or HEAD if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") { return(pass); ## return(pass) goes to backend - not cache } # Don't cache the result of a redirect if (req.http.Referer ~ "redir" || req.http.Origin ~ "jumpto") { return(pass); } # Don't cache the result of a redirect (asking for logon) if (req.http.Referer ~ "post" || req.http.Referer ~ "submit" || req.http.Referer ~ "add" || req.http.Referer ~ "ask") { return(pass); } # Never cache posts - ensure that we do not use these strings in our URLs' that need to be cached if (req.url ~ "\/post\/" || req.url ~ "\/submit\/" || req.url ~ "\/ask\/" || req.url ~ "\/add\/") { return(pass); } ## if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) { if (req.http.Authorization) { /* Not cacheable by default */ return (pass); } # Handle compression correctly. Different browsers send different # "Accept-Encoding" headers, even though they mostly all support the same # compression mechanisms. By consolidating these compression headers into # a consistent format, we can reduce the size of the cache and get more hits. # @see: http:// varnish.projects.linpro.no/wiki/FAQ/Compression if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) { if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|png|gif|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|mp3|ogg|ico)$") { # No point in compressing these remove req.http.Accept-Encoding; } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") { # If the browser supports it, we'll use gzip. set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip"; } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") { # Next, try deflate if it is supported. set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate"; } else { # Unknown algorithm. Remove it and send unencoded. unset req.http.Accept-Encoding; } } # lookup graphics, css, js & ico files in the cache if (req.url ~ "\.(png|gif|jpg|jpeg|css|.js|ico)$") { return(lookup); } ##added on 0918 - check if it causes issues with user specific content if (req.request == "GET" && req.http.cookie) { return(lookup); } # Pipe requests that are non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD" && req.request != "PUT" && req.request != "POST" && req.request != "TRACE" && req.request != "OPTIONS" && req.request != "DELETE") { ##closing connection and calling pipe return(pipe); } ##purge content via localhost only if (req.request == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purge) { error 405 "Not allowed."; } return(lookup); } ## do we need this? ## return(lookup); }

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  • Can't get simple Apache VHost up and running

    - by TK Kocheran
    Unfortunately, I can't seem to get a simple Apache VHost online. I used to simply have one VHost which bound to all: <VirtualHost *:80>, but this isn't appropriate for security anymore. I need to have one VHost for localhost requests (ie my dev server) and one for incoming requests via my domain name. Here's my new VHost: NameVirtualHost domain1.com <VirtualHost domain1.com:80> DocumentRoot /var/www ServerName domain1.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost domain2.com:80> DocumentRoot /var/www ServerName domain2.com </VirtualHost> After I restart my server, I see the following errors in my log: [Wed Feb 16 11:26:36 2011] [error] [client ####.###.###.###] File does not exist: /htdocs [Wed Feb 16 11:26:36 2011] [error] [client ####.###.###.###] File does not exist: /htdocs What am I doing wrong? EDIT As per the answer give below, I have modified my configuration. Here are my configuration files: /etc/apache2/ports.conf: Listen 80 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl # to <VirtualHost *:443> # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not # supported by MSIE on Windows XP. Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> Here are my actual defined sites: /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-localhost: NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80 <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80> ServerAdmin ######### DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> RewriteEngine On RewriteLog "/var/log/apache2/mod_rewrite.log" RewriteLogLevel 9 <Location /> <Limit GET POST PUT> order allow,deny allow from all deny from 65.34.248.110 deny from 69.122.239.3 deny from 58.218.199.147 deny from 65.34.248.110 </Limit> </Location> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/001-rfkrocktk.dyndns.org: NameVirtualHost rfkrocktk.dyndns.org:80 <VirtualHost rfkrocktk.dyndns.org:80> DocumentRoot /var/www ServerName rfkrocktk.dyndns.org </VirtualHost> And, just for kicks, my main file: /etc/apache2/apache2.conf: # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "/var/log/apache2/foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "" will be interpreted by the # server as "//var/log/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.1/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # #<IfModule !mpm_winnt.c> #<IfModule !mpm_netware.c> LockFile /var/lock/apache2/accept.lock #</IfModule> #</IfModule> # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 15 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # # Define an access log for VirtualHosts that don't define their own logfile CustomLog /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log vhost_combined # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ what else do I need to do to fix it? Should I be telling apache to listen on 127.0.0.1:80, or isn't it already listening there?

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  • How to use sudo with WinSCP and ProFTPd?

    - by Gaia
    I need to run the SFTP fileserver binary as root, but direct root login is not allowed. In WinSCP, if I use "default" on SFTP server protocol option everything works as expected. Following the instructions to sudo in WinSCP, I tried using "sudo /usr/sbin/proftpd" (works on the command line without any prompts) but it brings up "Cannot initialize SFTP protocol. Is the host running a SFTP server?" How to use sudo with WinSCP and ProFTPd? WinSCP 4.3.7 GUI Protocol: SFTP-3 CentOS 6.2 Webmin/Virtualmin (Current Version) PS: only cert based login is allowed . 2012-06-17 11:05:56.998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2012-06-17 11:05:56.998 WinSCP Version 4.3.7 (Build 1679) (OS 6.1.7601 Service Pack 1) . 2012-06-17 11:05:56.998 Configuration: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Martin Prikryl\WinSCP 2\ . 2012-06-17 11:05:56.999 Login time: Sunday, June 17, 2012 11:05:56 AM . 2012-06-17 11:05:56.999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2012-06-17 11:05:56.999 Session name: KVM1 (Modified stored session) . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.047 Host name: mykvm.com (Port: 22) . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 User name: adminuser (Password: No, Key file: Yes) . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Tunnel: No . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Transfer Protocol: SFTP (SCP) . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Ping type: -, Ping interval: 30 sec; Timeout: 15 sec . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Proxy: none . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 SSH protocol version: 2; Compression: Yes . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Bypass authentication: No . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Try agent: Yes; Agent forwarding: No; TIS/CryptoCard: No; KI: Yes; GSSAPI: No . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Ciphers: aes,blowfish,3des,WARN,arcfour,des; Ssh2DES: No . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 SSH Bugs: -,-,-,-,-,-,-,-,- . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 SFTP Bugs: -,- . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Return code variable: Autodetect; Lookup user groups: Yes . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Shell: default . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 EOL: 0, UTF: 2 . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Clear aliases: Yes, Unset nat.vars: Yes, Resolve symlinks: Yes . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 LS: ls -la, Ign LS warn: Yes, Scp1 Comp: No . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Local directory: default, Remote directory: home, Update: No, Cache: Yes . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 Cache directory changes: Yes, Permanent: Yes . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 DST mode: 1 . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.048 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.113 Looking up host "mykvm.com" . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.132 Connecting to xxx.xxx.128.59 port 22 . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.499 Server version: SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3 . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.499 Using SSH protocol version 2 . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.499 We claim version: SSH-2.0-WinSCP_release_4.3.7 . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.679 Server supports delayed compression; will try this later . 2012-06-17 11:05:57.679 Doing Diffie-Hellman group exchange . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.077 Doing Diffie-Hellman key exchange with hash SHA-1 . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.498 Host key fingerprint is: . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.498 ssh-rsa 2048 bd:e4:34:b1:d4:69:d6:4e:e4:26:04:8b:b7:b3:de:c3 . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.498 Initialised AES-256 SDCTR client->server encryption . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.498 Initialised HMAC-SHA1 client->server MAC algorithm . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.498 Initialised AES-256 SDCTR server->client encryption . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.498 Initialised HMAC-SHA1 server->client MAC algorithm . 2012-06-17 11:05:58.922 Reading private key file "D:\id_rsa.ppk" ! 2012-06-17 11:05:58.924 Using username "adminuser". . 2012-06-17 11:05:59.550 Offered public key . 2012-06-17 11:05:59.743 Offer of public key accepted ! 2012-06-17 11:05:59.743 Authenticating with public key "masterkey for admin" . 2012-06-17 11:05:59.764 Prompt (3, SSH key passphrase, , Passphrase for key "masterkey for admin": ) . 2012-06-17 11:06:02.938 Sent public key signature . 2012-06-17 11:06:03.352 Access granted . 2012-06-17 11:06:03.352 Initiating key re-exchange (enabling delayed compression) . 2012-06-17 11:06:03.765 Doing Diffie-Hellman group exchange . 2012-06-17 11:06:03.955 Doing Diffie-Hellman key exchange with hash SHA-1 . 2012-06-17 11:06:04.410 Initialised AES-256 SDCTR client->server encryption . 2012-06-17 11:06:04.410 Initialised HMAC-SHA1 client->server MAC algorithm . 2012-06-17 11:06:04.410 Initialised zlib (RFC1950) compression . 2012-06-17 11:06:04.410 Initialised AES-256 SDCTR server->client encryption . 2012-06-17 11:06:04.410 Initialised HMAC-SHA1 server->client MAC algorithm . 2012-06-17 11:06:04.410 Initialised zlib (RFC1950) decompression . 2012-06-17 11:06:04.839 Opened channel for session . 2012-06-17 11:06:05.247 Started a shell/command . 2012-06-17 11:06:05.253 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2012-06-17 11:06:05.253 Using SFTP protocol. . 2012-06-17 11:06:05.253 Doing startup conversation with host. > 2012-06-17 11:06:05.259 Type: SSH_FXP_INIT, Size: 5, Number: -1 . 2012-06-17 11:06:05.354 Server sent command exit status 0 . 2012-06-17 11:06:05.354 Disconnected: All channels closed * 2012-06-17 11:06:05.380 (ESshFatal) Connection has been unexpectedly closed. Server sent command exit status 0. * 2012-06-17 11:06:05.380 Cannot initialize SFTP protocol. Is the host running a SFTP server?

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  • PC powers off at random times

    - by Timo Huovinen
    Short Version After experiencing some problems with Mobo batteries my PC started to power off at random times, the power off is instant and sudden and does not restart afterwards, need help figuring out the cause. Facts: Powers off when PC is playing games Powers off when PC is idle Powers off when PC is in safe mode Powers off when PC is in BIOS Powers off when PC is booted through a Windows installation USB Replaced the motherboard battery several times Replaced the 650W PSU with a 750W PSU Replaced the RAM Swapped the RAM between slots Re-applied thermal paste to the CPU Checked if the motherboard touches the case Nothing is overclocked PC Specs PC specs: OS: Windows 7 Ultimate SP1 RAM: klingston 1333MHz 4GB stick CPU: AMD Phenom II x4 955 Mobo: Gigabyte 88GMA-UD2H rev 2.2 Motherboard battery: CR2032 3v HDD: 500GB Seagate ST3500418AS ATA Device Graphics: ATI/AMD Radeon HD 6870 Very Long version Around 10 months ago I built a brand new gaming PC. Around 6 months ago it's time setting in windows started resetting to the year 2010. I swapped the Motherboard battery for a new one of the exact same size and shape and voltage, and the problems disappeared...for around 2 weeks. Then the same problem happened again, time gets reset, I swapped the battery again, and the problem was gone for good and everything was great for about 3 months.. then another problem started happening, the PC started to power off suddenly and without warning at completely random times, sometimes the PC works for and hour, sometimes 5 minutes. So I read on the forums that it might be either the PSU or the motherboard Battery or RAM or HDD or the Graphics card or the CPU or the motherboard or the drivers or a Virus or Grounding issues, or something short circuiting, basically it can be anything... I spent some days researching, and decided to remove the possibility of a virus. I reset the CMOS, cleared all BIOS settings and reinstalled windows 7 after a full format of the HDD, but the random power off kept happening. I then disabled the restart on error option in windows and looked at the event log for error events, but they did not help me figure out the problem. Network list service depends on network location awareness the dependency group failed to start Source Kernel Power Event 41 Task Category 63 Source Disk Event ID 11 Task Category None The driver detected a controller error on device disk I took apart the PC, every little piece, re-applied some expensive thermal paste to the CPU, and double checked that none of the pieces are touching the PC case. The problem was gone, the PC no longer powered off randomly I re-attached the graphics card and all was good for 4 months... then the power off problem appeared again, but was happening at high intervals, the PC would shutdown once in 2 days on average, at random points in time, sometimes when it's idle all day long, sometimes when it's running CRYSIS 2. I checked the CPU temperature, because I know that AMD CPU's have a built in protection mechanism that switches off the PC if the CPU gets too hot, and the Temp was 50C system temp, and 45C CPU after running the PC all day long (I did not do tests to see if there are any temperature spikes, don't know how to do them) Originally the PSU that powered the PC was 650Watts and had one 4 pin cable to power the CPU, I replaced it with a new 750Watts PSU which has two 4 pin cables for the CPU, but the problem remained. I removed the graphics card and let the motherboard use the built in one, but the PC kept suddenly powering off at random times. I took apart the PC completely again, and re-applied thermal paste to the CPU, added lots of insulation, and checked for any type of short-circuit possibility again and again, but the problem remained. The problem was like that for some months. I replaced the Battery a couple of times over the time, changed lots of options in windows, and tried everything I could, but it kept powering off, so I stopped using the PC as much as I used to, just living with the random power offs from time to time, until a couple of days ago, when the power off happens almost immediately after powering on the PC. I replaced the RAM with a brand new one, but that did not help. Took apart the PC again, checked for anything anywhere that might cause it, found some small scratches on the very edge of the motherboard to the left of the PCI express x16 slot. This might cause the problem, I thought, but the scratch looks very superficial, not deep at all, and if the scratch did harm the motherboard, wouldn't it cause it to not start at all? And why did it start to power off a while ago, and then suddenly stop powering off? The scratches could not have vanished??? did chkdsk \d but it powered off when it was at 75% I removed the hard disks, the graphics card, while I fiddled with the BIOS settings, and suddenly the PC shut down while I was looking at the BIOS version. This makes me realize, it is not caused by: HDD, Windows, Drivers or the Graphics card I cleared the CMOS again, updated the BIOS from F5 to F6f beta, but that did not help, it might even seem that the PC powers off even sooner. The shutdown even happened to me while I booted through a windows 7 installation USB and was in the repair console. I removed one of the cables powering the CPU, now only one 4pin cable powers it, and it worked for 30mins after doing that, which makes me think that it's the CPU overheating, and because it gets less power, it overheats slower? The things that I am still considering: CPU overheating (does not seem to overheat, maybe false readings?) Motherboard short circuiting (faulty motherboard?) I desperately need some advice in what is faulty, is it a faulty Motherboard or an overheating CPU? or maybe something else? I have been breaking my head over this problem over a span of 6 months. I'm not sure if this is a good place to ask this question, if it is not, then tell me where I can get some experienced help. More info I have also discovered a mysterious piece that seems to have fallen out of the motherboard i119.photobucket.com/albums/o126/yurikolovsky/strangepiece.jpg What is it? Looks like each time that it powers off the datetime gets reset I also found another forum post tomshardware.co.uk/forum/… except I don't have Integrated PeripheralsUSB Keyboard Function option in BIOS :S Comments summary (asked by Random moderator) Q. tell me, if the computer restarts, is it immediately? Does it take a second and then restarts? Do you see (BSOD) or hear (PSU, short circuit) any suspicious when it happens? After reading trough it, it remains the mainboard that is faulty. – JohannesM A. Immediate power off, all the fans stop instantly, all the light turn off instantly, no sound or anything, and it remains off until I turn it back on. Thanks for the feedback, faulty motherboard is what I fear. Q. Try stress-testing the system with Prime95 and see if errors or shutdowns occur when the CPU is under full load. – speakr A. Prime95 heat stress test peaked CPU heat at 60C after 5mins, it powered off after 30mins of testing in the middle of the test with no errors, Prime95 Heat test or the stress-testing with low RAM usage (small or in-place FFTs) do not report errors while testing for 10-60 mins. The power off does not seem like it is affected by Prime95 at all Makes me wonder if it's a CPU or Motherboard issue at all. Q. I had similar random/intermittent problems with my old board. It gave one of a few different symptoms: keyboard and/or mouse would die and/or the RAM wouldn't work and/or it would shut down. It was in bad shape. One problems was that my old PSU had literally burned the connector on it (browned around the pins), another was that a broken lead inside the layers of the PCB would work sometimes if it happened to be hot or if I bent the board—by jamming a hunk of wood behind it. I managed to keep the board alive for several years, but eventually nothing I did would make it work correctly anymore. – Synetech A. I will try that as the last resort, ok? ;) Q. Have you tried a different power cord, surge protector, outlet (on a different circuit). It's worth a shot just to ensure it's not subpar wiring or a week circuit (dips in power may cause shutdown if the PSU can't pull enough juice from the wall). – Kyle A. yes, I attached the PC to an entirely different outlet on a different circuit and the problem persists. After connecting it to a different outlet after starting the PC it gave me 3 long beeps and 1 short one, then the PC immediately proceeded to boot up normally. Q. Re-check your mainboard manual and all PSU connections to your mainboard to be sure that nothing is missing (e.g. 12V ATX 4-pin/6-pin connector). If you can provoke shutdowns with Prime95, then consider buying new hardware -- a stable system should run Prime95 for 24h without any errors. Prime95 mentions errors in the log when they occur and gives a summary after the stress test was stopped manually (e.g. "0 errors, 0 warnings", if all is fine) – speakr A. Re-checked, there are no more PSU connectors that I can physically connect, except the one ATX 4-pin (there are 2 that power the CPU) that I disconnected on purpose, I have reconnected it but the problem persists. Q. With one PC I had a short curcuit. The power button on the front plate had its cables soldered, but not isolated, and the contacts were very close to the metal case. A heavier touch was enough to cause a shutdown. The PC's vibration could be enough – ott-- A. yes, it seems to switch off with even the lightest touch, I switched on the PC, then pulled out the front panel power cable that connects to the motherboard so the power button does not work anymore, after 5 mins of working like that, with the power button completely disconnected, just sitting idle, the PC powered off again, I don't think it's the power button. Q. I wonder if you dare to operate components without the case, that is remove motherboard, power, disk ( just put the motherboard on a wooden desk). Don't bend the adapters when running like that. – ott-- A. yes, I do dare to do that, but only tomorrow, too tired/late right now.

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  • Unstable DNS with bind

    - by yasser abd
    we have a Centos machine called jupiter, on which I have installed bind9, On every other machine the DNS is set to be the IP address of jupiter (192.168.2.101), as you can see in the output of the following command in windows >ipconfig /all Windows IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : mypcs Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Hybrid IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit Controller Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-1A-A0-AC-E4-CC DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::c16d:3ae4:5907:30c4%8(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.98(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Thursday, September 20, 2012 10:26:11 AM Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Sunday, September 23, 2012 10:26:10 AM Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.1 DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.1 DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 201333408 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-16-3A-50-01-00-1A-A0-AC-E4-CC DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.101 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled All machines can always nslookup one of the domain (mydomain.com) that is set in the jupiter's DNS server, you can see that in the output of nslookup on the same windows machine: >nslookup mydomain.com Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.2.101 Name: mydomain.com Address: 192.168.2.100 The problem is, sometimes mydomain.com can not be pinged, here is the output of the ping on the same windows machine >ping mydomain.com Ping request could not find host mydomain.com. Please check the name and try again. This looks very random, and happens once in a while, so the machine can lookup the DNS records but can't ping it, nor can browse the website that is hosted on mydomain.com, which should resolve to 192.168.2.100 On a linux machine that has the same DNS settings, the output of dig command for mydomain is as follows: $ dig mydomain.com ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.2 <<>> mydomain.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 36090 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mydomain.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mydomain.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.2.100 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mydomain.com. 86400 IN NS jupiter. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: jupiter. 86400 IN A 192.168.2.101 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.2.101#53(192.168.2.101) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 20 16:32:14 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 83 We've never had the same problem on MACs, they always resolve mydomain.com Here is how I have defined mydomain.com on Bind9's configs on Jupiter, notice that the name of the machine on 192.168.2.100 is venus, so I have this file: /var/named/named.venus: $TTL 1D @ IN SOA jupiter. admin.ourcompany.com. ( 2003052800 ; serial 86400 ; refresh 300 ; retry 604800 ; expire 3600 ; minimum ) @ IN NS jupiter. @ IN A 192.168.2.100 * IN A 192.168.2.100 /var/named/zones/named.venus.zone zone "mydomain.com" IN {type master;file "/var/named/named.venus";allow-update {none;};}; One thing to note is that I haven't defined reverse DNS lookups, only the forward DNS lookups are defined in Bind9 configs, not sure if that's relevant or not. So my question is, why is this being so unstable? what could be the cause?

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  • What to filter when providing very limited open WiFi to a small conference or meeting?

    - by Tim Farley
    Executive Summary The basic question is: if you have a very limited bandwidth WiFi to provide Internet for a small meeting of only a day or two, how do you set the filters on the router to avoid one or two users monopolizing all the available bandwidth? For folks who don't have the time to read the details below, I am NOT looking for any of these answers: Secure the router and only let a few trusted people use it Tell everyone to turn off unused services & generally police themselves Monitor the traffic with a sniffer and add filters as needed I am aware of all of that. None are appropriate for reasons that will become clear. ALSO NOTE: There is already a question concerning providing adequate WiFi at large (500 attendees) conferences here. This question concerns SMALL meetings of less than 200 people, typically with less than half that using the WiFi. Something that can be handled with a single home or small office router. Background I've used a 3G/4G router device to provide WiFi to small meetings in the past with some success. By small I mean single-room conferences or meetings on the order of a barcamp or Skepticamp or user group meeting. These meetings sometimes have technical attendees there, but not exclusively. Usually less than half to a third of the attendees will actually use the WiFi. Maximum meeting size I'm talking about is 100 to 200 people. I typically use a Cradlepoint MBR-1000 but many other devices exist, especially all-in-one units supplied by 3G and/or 4G vendors like Verizon, Sprint and Clear. These devices take a 3G or 4G internet connection and fan it out to multiple users using WiFi. One key aspect of providing net access this way is the limited bandwidth available over 3G/4G. Even with something like the Cradlepoint which can load-balance multiple radios, you are only going to achieve a few megabits of download speed and maybe a megabit or so of upload speed. That's a best case scenario. Often it is considerably slower. The goal in most of these meeting situations is to allow folks access to services like email, web, social media, chat services and so on. This is so they can live-blog or live-tweet the proceedings, or simply chat online or otherwise stay in touch (with both attendees and non-attendees) while the meeting proceeds. I would like to limit the services provided by the router to just those services that meet those needs. Problems In particular I have noticed a couple of scenarios where particular users end up abusing most of the bandwidth on the router, to the detriment of everyone. These boil into two areas: Intentional use. Folks looking at YouTube videos, downloading podcasts to their iPod, and otherwise using the bandwidth for things that really aren't appropriate in a meeting room where you should be paying attention to the speaker and/or interacting.At one meeting that we were live-streaming (over a separate, dedicated connection) via UStream, I noticed several folks in the room that had the UStream page up so they could interact with the meeting chat - apparently oblivious that they were wasting bandwidth streaming back video of something that was taking place right in front of them. Unintentional use. There are a variety of software utilities that will make extensive use of bandwidth in the background, that folks often have installed on their laptops and smartphones, perhaps without realizing.Examples: Peer to peer downloading programs such as Bittorrent that run in the background Automatic software update services. These are legion, as every major software vendor has their own, so one can easily have Microsoft, Apple, Mozilla, Adobe, Google and others all trying to download updates in the background. Security software that downloads new signatures such as anti-virus, anti-malware, etc. Backup software and other software that "syncs" in the background to cloud services. For some numbers on how much network bandwidth gets sucked up by these non-web, non-email type services, check out this recent Wired article. Apparently web, email and chat all together are less than one quarter of the Internet traffic now. If the numbers in that article are correct, by filtering out all the other stuff I should be able to increase the usefulness of the WiFi four-fold. Now, in some situations I've been able to control access using security on the router to limit it to a very small group of people (typically the organizers of the meeting). But that's not always appropriate. At an upcoming meeting I would like to run the WiFi without security and let anyone use it, because it happens at the meeting location the 4G coverage in my town is particularly excellent. In a recent test I got 10 Megabits down at the meeting site. The "tell people to police themselves" solution mentioned at top is not appropriate because of (a) a largely non-technical audience and (b) the unintentional nature of much of the usage as described above. The "run a sniffer and filter as needed" solution is not useful because these meetings typically only last a couple of days, often only one day, and have a very small volunteer staff. I don't have a person to dedicate to network monitoring, and by the time we got the rules tweaked completely the meeting will be over. What I've Got First thing, I figured I would use OpenDNS's domain filtering rules to filter out whole classes of sites. A number of video and peer-to-peer sites can be wiped out using this. (Yes, I am aware that filtering via DNS technically leaves the services accessible - remember, these are largely non-technical users attending a 2 day meeting. It's enough). I figured I would start with these selections in OpenDNS's UI: I figure I will probably also block DNS (port 53) to anything other than the router itself, so that folks can't bypass my DNS configuration. A savvy user could get around this, because I'm not going to put a lot of elaborate filters on the firewall, but I don't care too much. Because these meetings don't last very long, its probably not going to be worth the trouble. This should cover the bulk of the non-web traffic, i.e. peer-to-peer and video if that Wired article is correct. Please advise if you think there are severe limitations to the OpenDNS approach. What I Need Note that OpenDNS focuses on things that are "objectionable" in some context or another. Video, music, radio and peer-to-peer all get covered. I still need to cover a number of perfectly reasonable things that we just want to block because they aren't needed in a meeting. Most of these are utilities that upload or download legit things in the background. Specifically, I'd like to know port numbers or DNS names to filter in order to effectively disable the following services: Microsoft automatic updates Apple automatic updates Adobe automatic updates Google automatic updates Other major software update services Major virus/malware/security signature updates Major background backup services Other services that run in the background and can eat lots of bandwidth I also would like any other suggestions you might have that would be applicable. Sorry to be so verbose, but I find it helps to be very, very clear on questions of this nature, and I already have half a solution with the OpenDNS thing.

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  • Why are my hard drives failing?

    - by WishCow
    I have a small Ubuntu server running at home, with 2 HDDs. There are two software raids (raid1) on the disks, managed by mdadm, which I believe is irrelevant, but mentioning it anyway. Both of the HDDs are Western Digital, and have been used for around 2 years, when one of them started making clicking noises, and died. I figured that maybe it's natural after 2 years, so I bought a new one, and resynced the raid arrays. After about a month, the other drive also died. I didn't get suspicious, since both drives have been bought at the same time, it's not that surprising to see both of them near each other, so I bought another one. So far, 2 old drives failed, and 2 brand new in the system. After one month, one of the new drives died. This is when it started getting suspicious. Since the PC was put together from some really old parts (think AthlonXP), I figured that maybe the motherboard's SATA controller is the culprit. Of course you can't switch parts easily in an old PC like this, so I bought a whole system, new MB, new CPU, new RAM. Took the just failed drive back, since it was under warranty, and got it replaced. So it is up to 2 failed drives from the old ones, and 1 failed drive from the new ones. No problems, for 1 month. After that errors were creeping up again in /var/log/messages, and mdadm was reporting raid array failures. I started tearing my hair out. Everything is new in the system, it's up to the third brand new HDD, it's simply not possible that all of the new drives that I bought were faulty. Let's see what is still common... the cables. Okay, long shot, let's replace the SATA cables. Take HDD back, smile to the guy at the counter and say that I'm really unlucky. He replaces the HDD. I come home, one month passes and one of HDDs fails, again. I'm not joking. Two of the brand new HDDs have failed. Maybe it's a bug in the OS. Let's see what the manufacturer's testing tool says. Download testing tool, burn it to a CD, reboot, leave HDD testing overnight. Test says that the drive is faulty, and I should back up everything, if I still can. I don't know what's happening, but it does not look like a software problem, something is definitely thrashing the HDDs. I should mention now, that the whole system is in a shoebox. Since there are a load of "build your own ikea case" stuff, I thought there shouldn't be any problems throwing the thing in a box, and stuffing it away somewhere. The box is well ventilated, but I thought that just maybe the drives were overheating. There is no other possible answer to this. So I took the HDD back, and got it replaced (for the 3rd time), and bought HDD coolers. And just now, I have heard the sound of doom. click click whizzzzzzzzz. SSH into the box: You have new mail! mail r 1 DegradedArrayEvent on /dev/md0 ... dmesg output: [47128.000051] ata3: lost interrupt (Status 0x50) [47128.000097] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 58588863 [47128.000134] md: super_written gets error=-5, uptodate=0 [48043.976054] ata3: lost interrupt (Status 0x50) [48043.976086] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [48043.976132] ata3.00: cmd c8/00:18:bf:40:52/00:00:00:00:00/e1 tag 0 dma 12288 in [48043.976135] res 40/00:00:00:4f:c2/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [48043.976208] ata3.00: status: { DRDY } [48043.976241] ata3: soft resetting link [48044.148446] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 [48044.148457] ata3.00: device reported invalid CHS sector 0 [48044.148477] ata3: EH complete Recap: No possibility of overheating 6 drives have failed, 4 of those have been brand new. I'm not sure now that the original two have been faulty, or suffered the same thing that the new ones. There is nothing common in the system, apart from the OS which is Ubuntu Karmic now (started with Jaunty). New MB, new CPU, new RAM, new SATA cables. No, the little holes on the HDD are not covered I'm crying. Really. I don't have the face to return to the store now, it's not possible for 4 drives to fail under 4 months. A few ideas that I have been thinking: Is it possible that I fuck up something when I partition and resync the drives? Can it be so bad that it physicaly wrecks the drive? (since the vendor supplied tool says that the drive is damaged) I do the partitoning with fdisk, and use the same block size for the raid1 partitions (I check the exact block sizes with fdisk -lu) Is it possible that the linux kernel or mdadm, or something is not compatible with this exact brand of HDDs, and thrashes them? Is it possible that it may be the shoebox? Try placing it somewhere else? It's under a shelf now, so humidity is not a problem either. Is it possible that a normal PC case will solve my problem (I'm going to shoot myself then)? I will get a picture tomorrow. Am I just simply cursed? Any help or speculation is greatly appreciated. Edit: The power strip is guarded against overvoltage. Edit2: I have moved inbetween these 4 months, so the possibility of the cause being "dirty" electricity in both places, is very low. Edit3: I have checked the voltages in the BIOS (couldn't borrow a multimeter), and they are all seem correct, the biggest discrepancy is in the 12V, because it's supplying 11.3. Should I be worried about that? Edit4: I put my desktop PC's PSU into the server. The BIOS reported much more accurate voltage readings, and also it has successfully rebuilt the raid1 array, which took some 3-4 hours, so I feel a little positive now. Will get a new PSU tomorrow to test with that. Also, attaching the picture about the box: (disregard the 3rd drive)

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  • How to set up linux watchdog daemon with Intel 6300esb

    - by ACiD GRiM
    I've been searching for this on Google for sometime now and I have yet to find proper documentation on how to connect the kernel driver for my 6300esb watchdog timer to /dev/watchdog and ensure that watchdog daemon is keeping it alive. I am using RHEL compatible Scientific Linux 6.3 in a KVM virtual machine by the way Below is everything I've tried so far: dmesg|grep 6300 i6300ESB timer: Intel 6300ESB WatchDog Timer Driver v0.04 i6300ESB timer: initialized (0xffffc900008b8000). heartbeat=30 sec (nowayout=0) | ll /dev/watchdog crw-rw----. 1 root root 10, 130 Sep 22 22:25 /dev/watchdog | /etc/watchdog.conf #ping = 172.31.14.1 #ping = 172.26.1.255 #interface = eth0 file = /var/log/messages #change = 1407 # Uncomment to enable test. Setting one of these values to '0' disables it. # These values will hopefully never reboot your machine during normal use # (if your machine is really hung, the loadavg will go much higher than 25) max-load-1 = 24 max-load-5 = 18 max-load-15 = 12 # Note that this is the number of pages! # To get the real size, check how large the pagesize is on your machine. #min-memory = 1 #repair-binary = /usr/sbin/repair #test-binary = #test-timeout = watchdog-device = /dev/watchdog # Defaults compiled into the binary #temperature-device = #max-temperature = 120 # Defaults compiled into the binary #admin = root interval = 10 #logtick = 1 # This greatly decreases the chance that watchdog won't be scheduled before # your machine is really loaded realtime = yes priority = 1 # Check if syslogd is still running by enabling the following line #pidfile = /var/run/syslogd.pid Now maybe I'm not testing it correctly, but I would expecting that stopping the watchdog service would cause the /dev/watchdog to time out after 30 seconds and I should see the host reboot, however this does not happen. Also, here is my config for the KVM vm <!-- WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using: virsh edit sl6template or other application using the libvirt API. --> <domain type='kvm'> <name>sl6template</name> <uuid>960d0ac2-2e6a-5efa-87a3-6bb779e15b6a</uuid> <memory unit='KiB'>262144</memory> <currentMemory unit='KiB'>262144</currentMemory> <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.3.0'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <cpu mode='custom' match='exact'> <model fallback='allow'>Westmere</model> <vendor>Intel</vendor> <feature policy='require' name='tm2'/> <feature policy='require' name='est'/> <feature policy='require' name='vmx'/> <feature policy='require' name='ds'/> <feature policy='require' name='smx'/> <feature policy='require' name='ss'/> <feature policy='require' name='vme'/> <feature policy='require' name='dtes64'/> <feature policy='require' name='rdtscp'/> <feature policy='require' name='ht'/> <feature policy='require' name='dca'/> <feature policy='require' name='pbe'/> <feature policy='require' name='tm'/> <feature policy='require' name='pdcm'/> <feature policy='require' name='pdpe1gb'/> <feature policy='require' name='ds_cpl'/> <feature policy='require' name='pclmuldq'/> <feature policy='require' name='xtpr'/> <feature policy='require' name='acpi'/> <feature policy='require' name='monitor'/> <feature policy='require' name='aes'/> </cpu> <clock offset='utc'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/mnt/data/vms/sl6template.img'/> <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </disk> <controller type='usb' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x2'/> </controller> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:44:57:f6'/> <source bridge='br0.2'/> <model type='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:88:0f:42'/> <source bridge='br1'/> <model type='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </serial> <console type='pty'> <target type='serial' port='0'/> </console> <watchdog model='i6300esb' action='reset'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/> </watchdog> <memballoon model='virtio'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices> </domain> Any help is appreciated as the most I've found are patches to kvm and general softdog documentation or IPMI watchdog answers.

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  • WiFi & GbE Slow while Both Active.

    - by Mark Tomlin
    I'm having a problem with my WiFi network connection when I use my wired GbE connection concurrently on my Laptop. I'm using my WiFi for Internet access, and general web surfing and I'm using my GbE connection to connect to my PlayStation so I can stream media. The WiFi connection is via a Linksys 610N connected to my Cable Modem. Where as the GbE connection is a direct connection from my Ethernet port to the Ethernet port of the PS3 via a Cat-5 cable (no router in between this connection). As soon as I connect the cable from the PS3 to my Ethernet port on my Laptop the WiFi connection slows to a halt, but then allows for a connection to the web as normal but at much slower speeds for the things like BitTorrent that stops completely. It seems to me that Windows can't handle both connections at once. It will have both active but it can only accept and send packets on one device at one time. I can get WiFi connections to work to go to websites and the like, but once I use my GbE connection to share media between my Laptop and my PS3 the Wifi connection dies out and I no longer have access to the internet. I setup my connection on the PS3 and the Laptop following the insturctions posted here: http://forums.finalgear.com/problems/s14e01-ps3-size-problem-40642/#post1188132 And the following is the results of my ipconfig. Windows IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : dygear Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Hybrid IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No Ethernet adapter WiFi: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Intel(R) PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network Connection Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-19-**-**-**-** Dhcp Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.111 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 167.206.254.2 167.206.254.1 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Wednesday, May 19, 2010 08:55:30 Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Thursday, May 20, 2010 08:55:30 Ethernet adapter LAN: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-16-**-**-**-** Dhcp Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.50 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : Any ideas?

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  • Alternate way to create a clone of a UNIX System

    - by Spirit
    THE STORY: (If you don't like to read much, down below is the question :) ) Where I work we have two HP RP2470 servers same hardware same number of hard drives same everything :). One of them is a production server and runs HP-UX 11.00. The poor ba***rd hasn't been turned off for years and now I have to make a clone of it on the other server - just in case, for redundancy. The problem is simple (or not simple) as I have to make the the other server exactly the same. However the old version of OS (UX 11.00 is a history now) and the old software running on it, have made my task almost impossible. On the production server there is also a cloning/recover utility Ignite-UX. I tried many times to create a recovery tape with it. Then when I load the tape on the backup server, it succeeds with the loading of the tape (no errors no warnings) but on the next restart it fails to load the OS :S and drops into HP`s ISL prompt. --- THE QUESTION: Is there an alternate way to create a clone of the Unix System? The environment is: 1. 2x HP RP2470 Servers (non-Intel), same hardware, same number od HDDs (two each of them) same everything. 2. OS running: HP-UX 11.00 The production server has to be cloned without downtime - sadly :( as I hope that they will reconsider on this one For example (like on Windows platforms), if you try to copy an entire HDD with Windows inside on another HDD, and then put that HDD on another PC it will still work, as long as the hardware is the same. Can I do something like that with a Unix system? Can I somehow COPY the contents of the entire HDD, put those on another HDD, and then just load the HDD into the other server? (If you haven't read the story the servers are exactly the same) Will it work? Can it be done with ordinary commands like cp or dump or something like that? Does any one have a similar experience? --- UPDATE: 26.01.2012 NOTE: The update is related to "The Story". If you haven't read that part then you can skip this update. This is just a short update on the recover logs from the Ignite Tape.. someone with more exp. might notice something.. ... --- READING CONTENTS OF THE IGNITE TAPE --- --- OUTPUT OMITED --- ... ... x ./configure3, 413696 bytes, 808 tape blocks x ./monitor_bpr, 20480 bytes, 40 tape blocks * Download_mini-system: Complete * Loading_software: Begin * Installing boot area on disk. * Enabling swap areas. * Backing up LVM configuration for "vg00". * Processing the archive source (Recovery Archive). * Wed Jan 25 15:27:32 EST 2012: Starting archive load of the source (Recovery Archive). * Positioning the tape (/dev/rmt/0mn). * Archive extraction from tape is beginning. Please wait. * Wed Jan 25 15:39:52 EST 2012: Completed archive load of the source (Recovery Archive). * Executing user specified script: "/opt/ignite/data/scripts/os_arch_post_l". * Running in recovery mode (os_arch_post_l). * Running the ioinit command ("/sbin/ioinit -c") * Creating device files via the insf command. insf: Installing special files for sdisk instance 0 address 0/0/1/1.15.0 insf: Installing special files for sdisk instance 1 address 0/0/2/0.1.0 insf: Installing special files for sdisk instance 2 address 0/0/2/1.15.0 insf: Installing special files for stape instance 0 address 0/0/1/0.3.0 insf: Installing special files for btlan instance 0 address 0/0/0/0 insf: Installing special files for btlan instance 1 address 0/2/0/0 insf: Installing special files for pseudo driver dlpi insf: Installing special files for pseudo driver kepd insf: Installing special files for pseudo driver framebuf insf: Installing special files for pseudo driver sad * Running "/opt/upgrade/bin/tlinstall -v" and correcting transition link permissions. * Constructing the bootconf file. * Setting primary boot path to "0/0/1/1.15.0". * Executing: "/var/adm/sw/products/PHSS_20146/pfiles/iux_postload". * Executing: "/var/adm/sw/products/PHSS_25982/pfiles/iux_postload". NOTE: tlinstall is searching filesystem - please be patient NOTE: Successfully completed * Loading_software: Complete * Build_Kernel: Begin NOTE: Since the /stand/vmunix kernel is already in place, the kernel will not be re-built. Note that no mod_kernel directives will be processed. * Build_Kernel: Complete * Boot_From_Client_Disk: Begin * Rebooting machine as expected. NOTE: Rebooting system. sync'ing disks (0 buffers to flush): 0 buffers not flushed 0 buffers still dirty Closing open logical volumes... Done Console reset done. Boot device reset done. ********** VIRTUAL FRONT PANEL ********** System Boot detected ***************************************** LEDs: RUN ATTENTION FAULT REMOTE POWER FLASH OFF OFF ON ON LED State: Running non-OS code. (i.e. Boot or Diagnostics) ... ... ... --- SERVER IS PERFORMING POST SEQUENCE HERE --- --- OUTPUT OMITED --- ... ... ... ***************************************** ************ EARLY BOOT VFP ************* End of early boot detected ***************************************** Firmware Version 43.50 Duplex Console IO Dependent Code (IODC) revision 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (c) Copyright 1995-2002, Hewlett-Packard Company, All rights reserved ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Processor Speed State CoProcessor State Cache Size Number State Inst Data --------- -------- --------------------- ----------------- ------------ 0 650 MHz Active Functional 750 KB 1.5 MB 1 650 MHz Idle Functional 750 KB 1.5 MB Central Bus Speed (in MHz) : 120 Available Memory : 2097152 KB Good Memory Required : 16140 KB Primary boot path: 0/0/1/1.15 Alternate boot path: 0/0/2/1.15 Console path: 0/0/4/1.643 Keyboard path: 0/0/4/0.0 Processor is starting autoboot process. To discontinue, press any key within 10 seconds. 10 seconds expired. Proceeding... Trying Primary Boot Path ------------------------ Booting... Boot IO Dependent Code (IODC) revision 1 HARD Booted. ISL Revision A.00.38 OCT 26, 1994 ISL booting hpux ISL>

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  • DNS and name server in centos 6.3 64 bit is not pinged out side

    - by user135855
    I got a problem with centOS 6.3 64-bit. I want to setup my nameserver with bind here. I am listing all my configuration [root@izyon92 ~]# cat/etc/hosts -------------- 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 182.19.26.92 izyon92.zyonize1.com izyon92 [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network --------------------------------------------- NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=izyon92.zyonize1.com GATEWAY=182.19.26.89 [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf -------------------------------------------- # Generated by NetworkManager search zyonize1.com nameserver 182.19.26.92 [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/named.conf -------------------------------------------- // // named.conf // // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only). // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // options { #listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { none; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { 182.19.26.92; }; recursion yes; dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; include "/etc/named.root.key"; [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/named.rfc1912.zones -------------------------------------------------- // named.rfc1912.zones: // // Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package // // ISC BIND named zone configuration for zones recommended by // RFC 1912 section 4.1 : localhost TLDs and address zones // and http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsop-default-local-zones-02.txt // (c)2007 R W Franks // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // zone "localhost.localdomain" IN { type master; file "named.localhost"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "localhost" IN { type master; file "named.localhost"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.loopback"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.loopback"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.empty"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "zyonize1.com" { type master; file "/var/named/zyonize.com.hosts"; }; [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /var/named/zyonize.com.hosts --------------------------------------------------------- $ttl 38400 zyonize1.com. IN SOA 182.19.26.92. dev\.izyon.gmail.com. ( 1347436958 10800 3600 604800 38400 ) zyonize1.com. IN NS 182.19.26.92. zyonize1.com. IN A 182.19.26.92 www.zyonize1.com. IN A 182.19.26.92 izyon92.zyonize1.com. IN A 182.19.26.92 I have disabled selinux and stopped iptables. dig and nslookup is working fine in the same machine [root@izyon92 ~]# dig zyonize1.com ---------------------------------------- ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.2 <<>> zyonize1.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55751 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;zyonize1.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: zyonize1.com. 38400 IN A 182.19.26.92 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: zyonize1.com. 38400 IN NS 182.19.26.92. ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 182.19.26.92#53(182.19.26.92) ;; WHEN: Fri Sep 14 00:09:19 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 72 [root@izyon92 ~]# nslookup zyonize1.com ---------------------------------------------- Server: 182.19.26.92 Address: 182.19.26.92#53 Name: zyonize1.com Address: 182.19.26.92 But here is the problem I am facing, I have windows machine, to test this dns and nameserver I set the first IPv4 DNS server to 182.19.26.92. Here is the details Connection-specific DNS Suffix: Description: Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller Physical Address: ?14-FE-B5-9F-3A-A8 DHCP Enabled: No IPv4 Address: 192.168.2.50 IPv4 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 IPv4 Default Gateway: 192.168.2.1 IPv4 DNS Servers: 182.19.26.92, 182.19.95.66 IPv4 WINS Server: NetBIOS over Tcpip Enabled: Yes Link-local IPv6 Address: fe80::45cc:2ada:c13:ca42%16 IPv6 Default Gateway: IPv6 DNS Server: when I am pining from this machine it is not finding the server. Where as in another server with another live IP with Fedora ping is working fine.

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  • Cisco ASA5505 8.2 Multiple Outside IP to Multiple Inside IP

    - by GriffJ
    Trying to setup ASA5505. Semi working but having issues with accessing services from the outside. ASA5505 Basic License, Version 8.2. (plus upgrade to unlimited inside hosts). Alert: I'm a Cisco Noob. 321.321.39.X is a place holder for privacy. I came up with this config and tested it tonight. ASA Version 8.2(1) ! hostname <removed> domain-name <removed> enable password <removed> encrypted passwd <removed> encrypted names ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 172.21.36.1 255.255.252.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address 321.321.39.10 255.255.255.248 ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name <removed> access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.10 eq pptp access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.11 eq https access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.11 eq 993 access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.11 eq smtp access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.11 eq 1001 access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.11 eq 465 access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.11 eq domain access-list outside_inbound extended permit udp any eq domain host 321.321.39.11 eq domain access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.12 eq www access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.12 eq https access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.13 eq www access-list outside_inbound extended permit tcp any host 321.321.39.13 eq https access-list outside_inbound extended permit icmp any any echo-reply access-list outside_inbound extended permit icmp any any source-quench access-list outside_inbound extended permit icmp any any unreachable access-list outside_inbound extended permit icmp any any time-exceeded access-list outside_inbound extended permit icmp any any traceroute access-list outside_inbound extended permit icmp any any echo pager lines 24 logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 2 321.321.39.11-321.321.39.14 netmask 255.255.255.248 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface pptp 172.21.37.20 pptp netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) 321.321.39.11 172.21.37.14 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) 321.321.39.12 172.21.37.24 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) 321.321.39.13 172.21.37.17 netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group outside_inbound in interface outside route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 321.321.39.9 1 route inside 192.168.15.0 255.255.255.0 172.21.36.52 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy http server enable http 172.21.36.0 255.255.252.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 telnet 172.21.36.0 255.255.252.0 inside telnet timeout 60 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept webvpn ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp inspect pptp inspect ipsec-pass-thru inspect http ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context The servers that had static forwards did not have any outside network access. couldn't ping google.com for instance. mail server couldn't Domain POP the Barracuda spam filter from our ISP etc. So after doing some reading I removed the statics for 172.21.37.11, 12 and 13, and replaced those three with what's below.. static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.11 https 172.21.37.14 https netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.11 993 172.21.37.14 993 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.11 smtp 172.21.37.14 smtp netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.11 1001 172.21.37.14 1001 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.11 465 172.21.37.14 465 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.11 domain 172.21.37.14 domain netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.12 www 172.21.37.24 www netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.12 https 172.21.37.24 https netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.13 www 172.21.37.17 www netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp 321.321.39.13 https 172.21.37.17 https netmask 255.255.255.255 Now the servers (for instance 172.21.37.14) could ping the outside world again. Mail started flowing (Domain POP was successful) etc. etc. But I forgot to check if webmail worked from the outside admittedly. But the webservers at 172.21.37.17 and 172.21.37.24 still didn't respond from the outside world. Although I was able to PPTP VPN in on 321.321.39.10 (interface) which is the outside interface IP address. and it is static mapped to 172.21.37.20. So I'm thinking there must be something wrong with NAT somewhere? no response from 321.321.39.11 to 321.321.39.14.. Could anyone look over the config and please let me know what I've done wrong? Is there something I've missed? well obviously but.. please help! Thank you.

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  • How do I prevent TCP connection freezes over an OpenVPN network?

    - by Jason R
    New details added at the end of this question; it's possible that I'm zeroing in on the cause. I have a UDP OpenVPN-based VPN set up in tap mode (I need tap because I need the VPN to pass multicast packets, which doesn't seem to be possible with tun networks) with a handful of clients across the Internet. I've been experiencing frequent TCP connection freezes over the VPN. That is, I will establish a TCP connection (e.g. an SSH connection, but other protocols have similar issues), and at some point during the session, it seems that traffic will cease being transmitted over that TCP session. This seems to be related to points at which large data transfers occur, such as if I execute an ls command in an SSH session, or if I cat a long log file. Some Google searches turn up a number of answers like this previous one on Server Fault, indicating that the likely culprit is an MTU issue: that during periods of high traffic, the VPN is trying to send packets that get dropped somewhere in the pipes between the VPN endpoints. The above-linked answer suggests using the following OpenVPN configuration settings to mitigate the problem: fragment 1400 mssfix This should limit the MTU used on the VPN to 1400 bytes and fix the TCP maximum segment size to prevent the generation of any packets larger than that. This seems to mitigate the problem a bit, but I still frequently see the freezes. I've tried a number of sizes as arguments to the fragment directive: 1200, 1000, 576, all with similar results. I can't think of any strange network topology between the two ends that could trigger such a problem: the VPN server is running on a pfSense machine connected directly to the Internet, and my client is also connected directly to the Internet at another location. One other strange piece of the puzzle: if I run the tracepath utility, then that seems to band-aid the problem. A sample run looks like: [~]$ tracepath -n 192.168.100.91 1: 192.168.100.90 0.039ms pmtu 1500 1: 192.168.100.91 40.823ms reached 1: 192.168.100.91 19.846ms reached Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 1 back 64 The above run is between two clients on the VPN: I initiated the trace from 192.168.100.90 to the destination of 192.168.100.91. Both clients were configured with fragment 1200; mssfix; in an attempt to limit the MTU used on the link. The above results would seem to suggest that tracepath was able to detect a path MTU of 1500 bytes between the two clients. I would assume that it would be somewhat smaller due to the fragmentation settings specified in the OpenVPN configuration. I found that result somewhat strange. Even stranger, however: if I have a TCP connection in the stalled state (e.g. an SSH session with a directory listing that froze in the middle), then executing the tracepath command shown above causes the connection to start up again! I can't figure out any reasonable explanation for why this would be the case, but I feel like this might be pointing toward a solution to ultimately eradicate the problem. Does anyone have any recommendations for other things to try? Edit: I've come back and looked at this a bit further, and have found only more confounding information: I set the OpenVPN connection to fragment at 1400 bytes, as shown above. Then, I connected to the VPN from across the Internet and used Wireshark to look at the UDP packets that were sent to the VPN server while the stall occurred. None were greater than the specified 1400 byte count, so the fragmentation seems to be functioning properly. To verify that even a 1400-byte MTU would be sufficient, I pinged the VPN server using the following (Linux) command: ping <host> -s 1450 -M do This (I believe) sends a 1450-byte packet with fragmentation disabled (I at least verified that it didn't work if I set it to an obviously-too-large value like 1600 bytes). These seem to work just fine; I get replies back from the host with no issue. So, maybe this isn't an MTU issue at all. I'm just confused as to what else it might be! Edit 2: The rabbit hole just keeps getting deeper: I've now isolated the problem a bit more. It seems to be related to the exact OS that the VPN client uses. I have successfully duplicated the problem on at least three Ubuntu machines (versions 12.04 through 13.04). I can reliably duplicate an SSH connection freeze within a minute or so by just cat-ing a large log file. However, if I do the same test using a CentOS 6 machine as a client, then I don't see the problem! I've tested using the exact same OpenVPN client version as I was using on the Ubuntu machines. I can cat log files for hours without seeing the connection freeze. This seems to provide some insight as to the ultimate cause, but I'm just not sure what that insight is. I have examined the traffic over the VPN using Wireshark. I'm not a TCP expert, so I'm not sure what to make of the gory details, but the gist is that at some point, a UDP packet gets dropped due to the limited bandwidth of the Internet link, causing TCP retransmissions inside the VPN tunnel. On the CentOS client, these retransmissions occur properly and things move on happily. At some point with the Ubuntu clients, though, the remote end starts retransmitting the same TCP segment over and over (with the transmit delay increasing between each retransmission). The client sends what looks like a valid TCP ACK to each retransmission, but the remote end still continues to transmit the same TCP segment periodically. This extends ad infinitum and the connection stalls. My question here would be: Does anyone have any recommendations for how to troubleshoot and/or determine the root cause of the TCP issue? It's as if the remote end isn't accepting the ACK messages sent by the VPN client. One common difference between the CentOS node and the various Ubuntu releases is that Ubuntu has a much more recent Linux kernel version (from 3.2 in Ubuntu 12.04 to 3.8 in 13.04). A pointer to some new kernel bug maybe? I'm assuming that if that were so, then I wouldn't be the only one experiencing the problem; I don't think this seems like a particularly exotic setup.

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  • "Can't Connect to Server" from 2nd virtual host on VPS

    - by chaoskreator
    I'm using Debian 7 Wheezy and Apache 2.2.22, and I'm setting up Virtual Hosts for a number of websites on my VPS. I've successfully configured the VirtualHost directives for one of the sites, but the second one continually gives "Problem Loading Page" in Firefox. I've run configtest and it has verified all my syntax is correct, and I've checked all the permissions. Everything on the 2nd domain is pretty much copy/pasted from the first, so I'm not sure what the issue is, as there are no entries into /var/log/apache2/error.log other than where I have reloaded the configurations: /# cat /var/log/apache2/error.log [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [notice] Graceful restart requested, doing restart [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Seeding PRNG with 656 bytes of entropy [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Generating temporary RSA private keys (512/1024 bits) [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Generating temporary DH parameters (512/1024 bits) [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(253): shmcb_init allocated 512000 bytes of shared memory [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(272): for 511920 bytes (512000 including header), recommending 32 subcaches, 133 indexes each [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(306): shmcb_init_memory choices follow [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(308): subcache_num = 32 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(310): subcache_size = 15992 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(312): subcache_data_offset = 3208 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(314): subcache_data_size = 12784 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(316): index_num = 133 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Shared memory session cache initialised [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Initializing (virtual) servers for SSL [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] mod_ssl/2.2.22 compiled against Server: Apache/2.2.22, Library: OpenSSL/1.0.1e [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Debian) PHP/5.4.4-14+deb7u9 mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/1.0.1e mod_perl/2.0.7 Perl/v5.14.2 configured -- resuming normal operations [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Server built: Mar 4 2013 22:05:16 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] prefork.c(1023): AcceptMutex: sysvsem (default: sysvsem) I've ensured to enable each vhost with a2ensite {sitename.conf} with no errors there, either. Below are the contents of the configuration files... /etc/apache2/apache2.conf # Global configuration # LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} Timeout 300 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 5 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a # graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping # and starting Apache. # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> DefaultType None HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel debug # Include module configuration: Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf # Include list of ports to listen on and which to use for name based vhosts Include ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent <Directory "/var/www"> Order allow,deny Allow from all Require all granted </Directory> # Include generic snippets of statements Include conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/*.conf NameVirtualHost *:80 /etc/apache2/sites-available/site1.net.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName site1.net ServerAlias site1.net *.site1.net DocumentRoot "/var/www/site1" ErrorLog "/var/www/site1/logs/error.log" CustomLog "/var/www/site1/logs/access.log" vhost_combined <Directory "/var/www/site1"> Options None AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all Satisfy Any </Directory> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/sites-available/site2.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName site2.com ServerAlias site2.com *.site2.com DocumentRoot "/var/www/site2" ErrorLog "/var/www/site2/logs/error.log" CustomLog "/var/www/site2/logs/access.log" vhost_combined <Directory "/var/www/site2"> Options None AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all Satisfy Any </Directory> </VirtualHost> I've also tried setting NameVirtualHost like: Listen 80 NameVirtualHost 23.88.121.82:80 NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80 and the VirtualHost Directives: <VirtualHost 23.88.121.82:80> ... </VirtualHost> for both sites, but that causes the first site to fail, as well. I'm wondering if I need to set up individual IPs for each site, possibly? I have 2 more IPv4 and 3 IPv6 addresses available, if that would make a difference. Also, in the grand scheme of things, I will need to enable SSL for the first site. I've been reading that I'll need to basically just mimic the directives for listening on port 80, only on port 443, and make sure mod_ssl is enabled? EDIT: I just ran apache2 -t to test the config files that way, and got the error: apache2: bad user name ${APACHE_RUN_USER}. However, apachectl configtest returns Syntax OK. There are no other mentions of errors with the mutex anywhere else, however. I was pretty sure if there was an error with the user apache was supposed to run under, the server wouldn't start at all... EDIT 2: Restarting apache fixed the bad user name error.

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