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  • Lost with hibernate - OneToMany resulting in the one being pulled back many times..

    - by Andy
    I have this DB design: CREATE TABLE report ( ID MEDIUMINT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, user MEDIUMINT NOT NULL, created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, state INT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY (user) REFERENCES user(ID) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE ); CREATE TABLE reportProperties ( ID MEDIUMINT NOT NULL, k VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, v TEXT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY( ID, k ), FOREIGN KEY (ID) REFERENCES report(ID) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE ); and this Hibernate Markup: @Table(name="report") @Entity(name="ReportEntity") public class ReportEntity extends Report{ @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) @Column(name="ID") private Integer ID; @Column(name="user") private Integer user; @Column(name="created") private Timestamp created; @Column(name="state") private Integer state = ReportState.RUNNING.getLevel(); @OneToMany(mappedBy="pk.ID", fetch=FetchType.EAGER) @JoinColumns( @JoinColumn(name="ID", referencedColumnName="ID") ) @MapKey(name="pk.key") private Map<String, ReportPropertyEntity> reportProperties = new HashMap<String, ReportPropertyEntity>(); } and @Table(name="reportProperties") @Entity(name="ReportPropertyEntity") public class ReportPropertyEntity extends ReportProperty{ @Embeddable public static class ReportPropertyEntityPk implements Serializable{ /** * long#serialVersionUID */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 2545373078182672152L; @Column(name="ID") protected int ID; @Column(name="k") protected String key; } @EmbeddedId protected ReportPropertyEntityPk pk = new ReportPropertyEntityPk(); @Column(name="v") protected String value; } And i have inserted on Report and 4 Properties for that report. Now when i execute this: this.findByCriteria( Order.asc("created"), Restrictions.eq("user", user.getObject(UserField.ID)) ) ); I get back the report 4 times, instead of just the once with a Map with the 4 properties in. I'm not great at Hibernate to be honest, prefer straight SQL but I must learn, but i can't see what it is that is wrong.....? Any suggestions?

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  • Refactoring code/consolidating functions (e.g. nested for-loop order)

    - by bmay2
    Just a little background: I'm making a program where a user inputs a skeleton text, two numbers (lower and upper limit), and a list of words. The outputs are a series of modifications on the skeleton text. Sample inputs: text = "Player # likes @." (replace # with inputted integers and @ with words in list) lower = 1 upper = 3 list = "apples, bananas, oranges" The user can choose to iterate over numbers first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 2 likes apples. Player 3 likes apples. Or words first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 1 likes bananas. Player 1 likes oranges. I chose to split these two methods of outputs by creating a different type of dictionary based on either number keys (integers inputted by the user) or word keys (from words in the inputted list) and then later iterating over the values in the dictionary. Here are the two types of dictionary creation: def numkey(dict): # {1: ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 1 likes...' ] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for num in range(lower,upper+1): l = [] for i in list: l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[num] = l return d def wordkey(dict): # {'apples': ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 2 likes apples'..] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for i in list: l = [] for num in range(lower,upper+1): l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[i] = l return d It's fine that I have two separate functions for creating different types of dictionaries but I see a lot of repetition between the two. Is there any way I could make one dictionary function and pass in different values to it that would change the order of the nested for loops to create the specific {key : value} pairs I'm looking for? I'm not sure how this would be done. Is there anything related to functional programming or other paradigms that might help with this? The question is a little abstract and more stylistic/design-oriented than anything.

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  • JSF: Avoid nested update calls

    - by dhroove
    I don't know if I am on right track or not still asking this question. I my JSF project I have this tree structure: <p:tree id="resourcesTree" value="#{someBean.root}" var="node" selectionMode="single" styleClass="no-border" selection="#{someBean.selectedNode}" dynamic="true"> <p:ajax listener="#{someBean.onNodeSelect}" update=":centerPanel :tableForm :tabForm" event="select" onstart="statusDialog.show();" oncomplete="statusDialog.hide();" /> <p:treeNode id="resourcesTreeNode" > <h:outputText value="#{node}" id="lblNode" /> </p:treeNode> </p:tree> I have to update this tree after I added something or delete something.. But whenever I update this still its nested update also call I mean to say it also call to update these components ":centerPanel :tableForm :tabForm"... This give me error that :tableForm not found in view because this forms load in my central panel and this tree is in my right panel.. So when I am doing some operation on tree is it not always that :tableForm is in my central panel.. (I mean design is something like this only) So now my question is that can I put some condition or there is any way so that I can specify when to update nested components also and when not.... In nut shell is there any way to update only :resoucesTree is such a way that nested updates are not called so that I can avoid error... Thanks in advance.

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  • Hierarchical/Nested Database Structure for Comments

    - by Stephen Melrose
    Hi, I'm trying to figure out the best approach for a database schema for comments. The problem I'm having is that the comments system will need to allow nested/hierarchical comments, and I'm not sure how to design this out properly. My requirements are, Comments can be made on comments, so I need to store the tree hierarchy I need to be able to query the comments in the tree hierarchy order, but efficiently, preferably in a fast single query, but I don't know if this is possible I'd need to make some wierd queries, e.g. pull out the latest 5 root comments, and a maximum of 3 children for each one of those I read an article on the MySQL website on this very subject, http://dev.mysql.com/tech-resources/articles/hierarchical-data.html The "Nested Set Model" in theory sounds like it will do what I need, except I'm worried about querying the thing, and also inserting. If this is the right approach, How would I do my 3rd requirement above? If I have 2000 comments, and I add a new sub-comment on the first comment, that will be a LOT of updating to do. This doesn't seem right to me? Or is there a better approach for the type of data I'm wanting to store and query? Thank you

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  • Use continue or Checked Exceptions when checking and processing objects

    - by Johan Pelgrim
    I'm processing, let's say a list of "Document" objects. Before I record the processing of the document successful I first want to check a couple of things. Let's say, the file referring to the document should be present and something in the document should be present. Just two simple checks for the example but think about 8 more checks before I have successfully processed my document. What would have your preference? for (Document document : List<Document> documents) { if (!fileIsPresent(document)) { doSomethingWithThisResult("File is not present"); continue; } if (!isSomethingInTheDocumentPresent(document)) { doSomethingWithThisResult("Something is not in the document"); continue; } doSomethingWithTheSucces(); } Or for (Document document : List<Document> documents) { try { fileIsPresent(document); isSomethingInTheDocumentPresent(document); doSomethingWithTheSucces(); } catch (ProcessingException e) { doSomethingWithTheExceptionalCase(e.getMessage()); } } public boolean fileIsPresent(Document document) throws ProcessingException { ... throw new ProcessingException("File is not present"); } public boolean isSomethingInTheDocumentPresent(Document document) throws ProcessingException { ... throw new ProcessingException("Something is not in the document"); } What is more readable. What is best? Is there even a better approach of doing this (maybe using a design pattern of some sort)? As far as readability goes my preference currently is the Exception variant... What is yours?

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  • C# using the "this" keyword in this situation?

    - by Alex
    Hi, I've completed a OOP course assignment where I design and code a Complex Number class. For extra credit, I can do the following: Add two complex numbers. The function will take one complex number object as a parameter and return a complex number object. When adding two complex numbers, the real part of the calling object is added to the real part of the complex number object passed as a parameter, and the imaginary part of the calling object is added to the imaginary part of the complex number object passed as a parameter. Subtract two complex numbers. The function will take one complex number object as a parameter and return a complex number object. When subtracting two complex numbers, the real part of the complex number object passed as a parameter is subtracted from the real part of the calling object, and the imaginary part of the complex number object passed as a parameter is subtracted from the imaginary part of the calling object. I have coded this up, and I used the this keyword to denote the current instance of the class, the code for my add method is below, and my subtract method looks similar: public ComplexNumber Add(ComplexNumber c) { double realPartAdder = c.GetRealPart(); double complexPartAdder = c.GetComplexPart(); double realPartCaller = this.GetRealPart(); double complexPartCaller = this.GetComplexPart(); double finalRealPart = realPartCaller + realPartAdder; double finalComplexPart = complexPartCaller + complexPartAdder; ComplexNumber summedComplex = new ComplexNumber(finalRealPart, finalComplexPart); return summedComplex; } My question is: Did I do this correctly and with good style? (using the this keyword)?

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  • Unable to persist objects in GAE JDO

    - by Basil Dsouza
    Hello Guys, I am completely fresh to both JDO and GAE, and have been struggling to get my data layer to persist any code at all! The issues I am facing may be very simple, but I just cant seem to find any a way no matter what solution I try. Firstly the problem: (Slightly simplified, but still contains all the info necessary) My data model is as such: User: (primary key) String emailID String firstName Car: (primary key) User user (primary key) String registration String model This was the initial datamodel. I implemented a CarPK object to get a composite primary key of the User and the registration. However that ran into a variety of issues. (Which i will save for another time/question) I then changed the design as such: User: (Unchanged) Car: (primary key) String fauxPK (here fauxPK = user.getEmailID() + SEP + registration) User user String registration String model This works fine for the user, and it can insert and retrieve user objects. However when i try to insert a Car Object, i get the following error: "Cannot have a java.lang.String primary key and be a child object" Found the following helpful link about it: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2063467/persist-list-of-objects Went to the link suggested there, that explains how to create Keys, however they keep talking about "Entity Groups" and "Entity Group Parents". But I cant seem to find any articles or sites that explain what are "Entity Group"s or an "Entity Group Parents" I could try fiddling around some more to figure out if i can store an object somehow, But I am running sort on patience and also would rather understand and implement than vice versa. So i would appreciate any docs (even if its huge) that covers all these points, and preferably has some examples that go beyond the very basic data modeling. And thanks for reading such a long post :)

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  • css layout for footer at bottom with dynamic ajax content changing height of page

    - by m42
    [Update] I actually compromised on this problem for now by foregoing the fixed footer design. It seems that there is no problem with dynamic content moving the footer and resizing containers appropriately unless the footer is fixed to the browser bottom initially. I hope others will eventually provide a great solution that encompasses the best of both worlds. I spent all day trying to get the footer to move down the page to accommodate dynamically added (via ajax) content. I really need some pointers or links because I haven't found anything that helps. Basically: My site has some pages that begin with only a text box and a button so that the total height of the content area is only a few inches beneath the header area. I don't have any problem getting the sticky footer working so that the footer appears at the bottom of the browser window even when there is very little content on screen. That same css layout works fine for other pages that have content that extends beneath the browser window. The catch: The content has to be rendered and passed to the browser with the initial load. The Problem: Any content that is added to the page via AJAX after the initial load paints down the page correctly -- but the footer remains in its initial location. Please tell me there is a fix for this. I can't post the css until checking with my boss first - if possible - and if needed, I will later - but it's just a very basic version of the many sticky footer css solutions floating around the web. Thanks.

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  • Flexible forms and supporting database structure

    - by sunwukung
    I have been tasked with creating an application that allows administrators to alter the content of the user input form (i.e. add arbitrary fields) - the contents of which get stored in a database. Think Modx/Wordpress/Expression Engine template variables. The approach I've been looking at is implementing concrete tables where the specification is consistent (i.e. user profiles, user content etc) and some generic field data tables (i.e. text, boolean) to store non-specific values. Forms (and model fields) would be generated by first querying the tables and retrieving the relevant columns - although I've yet to think about how I would setup validation. I've taken a look at this problem, and it seems to be indicating an EAV type approach - which, from my brief research - looks like it could be a greater burden than the blessings it's flexibility would bring. I've read a couple of posts here, however, which suggest this is a dangerous route: How to design a generic database whose layout may change over time? Dynamic Database Schema I'd appreciate some advice on this matter if anyone has some to give regards SWK

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  • Bulletin board - Database optimisation

    - by andrew
    This question is a follow on from this Question The project and problem The project I am currently working on is a bulletin board for a large non-profit organisation. The bulletin board will be used to allow inter-office communication within the organisation. I am building the application and have been having trouble extracting the results that I need from my database because I don't think it is properly normalized and because of limitations in my knowledge of relational database theory and mysql. I would appreciate input into the design of the board in general and in particular, ways that the database structure can be improved to facilitate efficient queries and help me develop this application and future application faster Business Logic The bulletin board will be used in the following way Posting bulletins and responses to bulletins Employees or 'users' in offices around the country will be able to post messages to the bulletin board.Bulletins must be posted to a location and categorised- i'll call these "bulletins". Users will be able to post any number of replies to any one bulletin and users will be able to reply to their own bulletin - i'll call these 'replies'. Rating bulletins and replies Users will be able to either 'like' or 'dislike' a bulletin or a reply and the total number of likes or dislikes will be shown for each bulletin or reply. Viewing the bulletin board and responses Bulletins can be displayed chronologically. Users can sort bulletins chronologically or chronologically by the latest reply to that bulletin(let me know if you need more explanation) When a particular bulletin is selected, replies to that bulletin will be displayed chronologically @PerformanceDBA - edited 10:34 est 28/12/10I have begun implementing the data model. I assume that the 6th data model is the physical model because it contains the associative tables. I am going to post any questions that I have below. I will put up a database dump once I am done. I will then put up a list of all the queries that I need to run on the database and begin writing them. I hope you had a good Christmas. I'm in Canada and there's snow! Implementation of Physical model

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  • Domain model for an optional many-many relationship

    - by Greg
    Let's say I'm modeling phone numbers. I have one entity for PhoneNumber, and one for Person. There's a link table that expresses the link (if any) between the PhoneNumber and Person. The link table also has a field for DisplayOrder. When accessing my domain model, I have several Use Cases for viewing a Person. I can look at them without any PhoneNumber information. I can look at them for a specific PhoneNumber. I can look at them and all of their current (or past) PhoneNumbers. I'm trying to model Person, not only for the standard CRUD operations, but for the (un)assignment of PhoneNumbers to a Person. I'm having trouble expressing the relationship between the two, especially with respects to the DisplayOrder property. I can think of several solutions but I'm not sure of which (if any) would be best. A PhoneNumberPerson class that has a Person and PhoneNumber property (most closely resembles database design) A PhoneCarryingPerson class that inherits from Person and has a PhoneNumber property. A PhoneNumber and/or PhoneNumbers property on Person (and vis-a-versa, a Person property on PhoneNumber) What would be a good way to model this that makes sense from a domain model perspective? How do I avoid misplaced properties (DisplayOrder on Person) or conditionally populated properties?

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  • Concurrent Programming:Should I write a sequential program first, then add thread safety?

    - by evthim
    I'm working on a project where we have to create a number of threads(actual number will be inputted in by testers (TA's)). I'm having trouble not only with the programming but also with the design, I can't wrap my head around all of the threads that will be invoked and where I might cause errors. The project is due soon so I don't want to waste time on this if it'll actually set me back, but I was wondering if I should write the program like only one thread will be running and everything should be sequential and then later go back and try to add the thread safety parts of the code? Would that take twice the original amount of time? Project Description: Note:I'm going to be as vague as possible so I don't violate any honor codes, sorry :( your program should accept n number of objectA threads, m number of objectB threads, and r number of objectC objectB threads interact with code in objectA. objectA threads interact with code in objectB and objectC objectB and objectC don't directly interact, but do so indirectly through objectA -ex: objectB needs something from objectA. objectA gets the result for that something by calling objectC my confusion stems mostly from the fact that all of this interactions will be done by m+n threads and there are various restrictions throughout the descriptions, like objectB can request something from objectA, and objectA has to wait for objectC to finish that something before returning it to objectB. Also each objectA thread can only work on one instruction from objectB at a time, etc. etc. I just want to know if I write the code so that there is only 1 objectA, 1 objectB and 1 object C, can I go back and easily modify it so that those 1's can be changed to m, n and r? Sorry again, if my description is a little bit confusing.

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  • Endianness and C API's: Specifically OpenSSL.

    - by Hassan Syed
    I have an algorithm that uses the following OpenSSL calls: HMAC_update() / HMAC_final() // ripe160 EVP_CipherUpdate() / EVP_CipherFinal() // cbc_blowfish These algorithm take a unsigned char * into the "plain text". My input data is comes from a C++ std::string::c_str() which originate from a protocol buffer object as a encoded UTF-8 string. UTF-8 strings are meant to be endian neutrial. However I'm a bit paranoid about how OpenSSL may perform operations on the data. My understanding is that encryption algorithms work on 8-bit blocks of data, and if a unsigned char * is used for pointer arithmetic when the operations are performed the algorithms should be endian neutral and I do not need to worry about anything. My uncertainty is compounded by the fact that I am working on a little-endian machine and have never done any real cross-architecture programming. My beliefs/reasoning are/is based on the following two properties std::string (not wstring) internally uses a 8-bit ptr and a the resulting c_str() ptr will itterate the same way regardless of the CPU architecture. Encryption algorithms are either by design, or by implementation, endian neutral. I know the best way to get a definitive answer is to use QEMU and do some cross-platform unit tests (which I plan to do). My question is a request for comments on my reasoning, and perhaps will assist other programmers when faced with similar problems.

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  • How do I make JPA POJO classes + Netbeans forms play well together?

    - by Zak
    I started using netbeans to design forms to edit the instances of various classes I have made in a small app I am writing. Basically, the app starts, an initial set of objects is selected from the DB and presented in a list, then an item in the list can be selected for editing. When the editor comes up it has form fields for many of the data fields in the class. The problem I run into is that I have to create a controller that maps each of the data elements to the correct form element, and create an inordinate number of small conversion mapping lines of code to convert numbers into strings and set the correct element in a dropdown, then another inordinate amount of code to go back and update the underlying object with all the values from the form when the save button is clicked. My question is; is there a more directly way to make the editing of the form directly modify the contents of my class instance? I would like to be able to have a default mapping "controller" that I can configure, then override the getter/setter for a particular field if needed. Ideally, there would be standard field validation for things like phone numbers, integers, floats, zip codes, etc... I'm not averse to writing this myself, I would just like to see if it is already out there and use the right tool for the right job.

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  • Is dependency injection only for service type objects and singletons? (and NOT for gui?)

    - by sensui
    I'm currently experimenting with the Google's guice inversion of control container. I previously had singletons for just about any service (database, active directory) my application used. Now I refactored the code: all the dependencies are given as parameters to constructors. So far, so good. Now the hardest part is with the graphical user interface. I face this problem: I have a table (JTable) of products wrapped in an ProductFrame. I give the dependencies as parameters (EditProductDialog). @Inject public ProductFrame(EditProductDialog editProductDialog) { // ... } // ... @Inject public EditProductDialog(DBProductController productController, Product product) { // ... } The problem is that guice can't know what Product I have selected in the table, so it can't know what to inject in the EditProductDialog. Dependency Injection is pretty viral (if I modify one class to use dependency injection I also need to modify all the other classes it interacts with) so my question is should I directly instantiate EditProductDialog? But then I would have to pass manually the DBProductController to the EditProductDialog and I will also need to pass it to the ProductFrame and all this boils down to not using dependency injection at all. Or is my design flawed and because of that I can't really adapt the project to dependecy injection? Give me some examples of how you used dependency injection with the graphical user interface. All the examples found on the Internet are really simple examples where you use some services (mostly databases) with dependency injection.

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  • Where to store site settings: DB? XML? CONFIG? CLASS FILES?

    - by Emin
    I am re-building a news portal of which already have a large number of visits every day. One of the major concerns when re-building this site was to maximize performance and speed. Having said this, we have done many things from caching, to all sort of other measures to ensure speed. Now towards the end of the project, I am having a dilemma of where to store my site settings that would least affect performance. The site settings will include things such as: Domain, DefaultImgPath, Google Analytics code, default emails of editors as well as more dynamic design/display feature settings such as the background color of specific DIVs and default color for links etc.. As far as I know, I have 4 choices in storing all these info. Database: Storing general settings in the DB and caching them may be a solution however, I want to limit the access to the database for only necessary and essential functions of the project which generally are insert/update/delete news items, author articles etc.. XML: I can store these settings in an XML file but I have not done this sort of thing before so I don't know what kind of problems -if any- I might face in the future. CONFIG: I can also store these settings in web.config CLASS FILE: I can hard code all these settings in a SiteSettings class, but since the site admin himself will be able to edit these settings, It may not be the best solution. Currently, I am more close to choosing web.config but letting people fiddle with it too often is something I do not want. E.g. if somehow, I miss out a validation for something and it breaks the web.config, the whole site will go down. My concern basically is that, I cannot forsee any possible consequences of using any of the methods above (or is there any other?), I was hoping to get this question over to more experienced people out here who hopefully help make my decision.

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  • Why is BorderLayout calling setSize() and setBounds()?

    - by ags
    I'm trying to get my head around proper use of the different LayoutManagers to make my GUI design skills more efficient and effective. For me, that usually requires a detailed understanding of what is going on under the hood. I've found some good discussion of the interaction and consequences of a Container using BorderLayout containing a Container using FlowLayout. I understand it for the most part, but wanted to confirm my mental model and to do so I am looking at the code for BorderLayout. In the code snippet below taken from BorderLayout.layoutContainer(), note the calls to the child Component's setSize() method followed by setBounds(). Looking at the source for these methods of Component, setSize() actually calls setBounds() with the current values for Component.x and Component.y. Why is this done (and not entirely redudant?) Doesn't the setBounds() call completely overwrite the results of the setSize() call? if ((c=getChild(NORTH,ltr)) != null) { c.setSize(right - left, c.height); Dimension d = c.getPreferredSize(); c.setBounds(left, top, right - left, d.height); top += d.height + vgap; } I'm also tring to understand where/when the child Component's size is initially set (before the LayoutManager.layoutContainer() method is called). Finally, this post itself raises a "meta-question": in a situation like this, where the source is available elsewhere, is the accepteed protocol to include the entire method? Or some other way to make it easier for folks to participate in the thread? Thanks.

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  • Bash PATH: How long is too long?

    - by ajwood
    Hi, I'm currently designing a software quarantine pattern to use on Ubuntu. I'm not sure how standard "quarantine" is in this context, so here is what I hope to accomplish... Inside a particular quarantine is all of the stuff one needs to run an application (bin, share, lib, etc.). Ideally, the quarantine has no leaks, which means it's not relying on any code outside of itself on the system. A quarantine can be defined as a set of executables (and some environment settings needed to make them run). I think it will be beneficial to separate the built packages enough such that upgrading to a newer version of the quarantine won't require rebuilding the whole thing. I'll be able to update just a few packages, and then the new quarantine can use some of old parts and some of the new parts. One issue I'm wondering about is the environment variables I'll be setting up to use a particular quarantines. Is there a hard limit on how big PATH can be? (either in number of characters, or in the number of directories it contains) Might a path be so long that it affects performance? Thanks very much, Andrew p.s. Any other wisdom that might help my design would be greatly appreciated :)

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  • Running Different Modules on Tomcat/Server

    - by umesh awasthi
    Hi All, I have started working on my own project idea but on the starting i have strucked in the structure decision may be lack of knowledge is the promary factor. i am wondering how we can make 2 different modules to co-operate on the server.Here is is explanation of what i am trying to ask as per my design i need 2 modules for my application 1. Back end handling where i can do all content handling as well as other admin task a console which will be capable of handling everything from ceating importing contents to everything. 2 USer end which is only an interface to the end user to use the application. to visualize the things its kinda e-commerce application one is back office management and other is user end of web-shop. since these two module will be very much interlinked but i don't want them to mix up i want them to develop independently since admin is one which is core and it will also going to serve user interface. my question is how i can develop two module independently but on the other hand i want them to co-operate to accomplish the task as a whole. Really sorry in advance if i am not making any sense. Thanks in advance

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  • HTTP POST with URL query parameters -- good idea or not?

    - by Steven Huwig
    I'm designing an API to go over HTTP and I am wondering if using the HTTP POST command, but with URL query parameters only and no request body, is a good way to go. Considerations: "Good Web design" requires non-idempotent actions to be sent via POST. This is a non-idempotent action. It is easier to develop and debug this app when the request parameters are present in the URL. The API is not intended for widespread use. It seems like making a POST request with no body will take a bit more work, e.g. a Content-Length: 0 header must be explicitly added. It also seems to me that a POST with no body is a bit counter to most developer's and HTTP frameworks' expectations. Are there any more pitfalls or advantages to sending parameters on a POST request via the URL query rather than the request body? Edit: The reason this is under consideration is that the operations are not idempotent and have side effects other than retrieval. See the HTTP spec: In particular, the convention has been established that the GET and HEAD methods SHOULD NOT have the significance of taking an action other than retrieval. These methods ought to be considered "safe". This allows user agents to represent other methods, such as POST, PUT and DELETE, in a special way, so that the user is made aware of the fact that a possibly unsafe action is being requested. ... Methods can also have the property of "idempotence" in that (aside from error or expiration issues) the side-effects of N 0 identical requests is the same as for a single request. The methods GET, HEAD, PUT and DELETE share this property. Also, the methods OPTIONS and TRACE SHOULD NOT have side effects, and so are inherently idempotent.

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  • How to encapsulate a WinAPI application into a C++ class

    - by Semen Semenych
    There is a simple WinAPI application. All it does currently is this: register a window class register a tray icon with a menu create a value in the registry in order to autostart and finally, it checks if it's unique using a mutex As I'm used to writing code mainly in C++, and no MFC is allowed, I'm forced to encapsulate this into C++ classes somehow. So far I've come up with such a design: there is a class that represents the application it keeps all the wndclass, hinstance, etc variables, where the hinstance is passed as a constructor parameter as well as the icmdshow and others (see WinMain prototype) it has functions for registering the window class, tray icon, reigstry information it encapsulates the message loop in a function In WinMain, the following is done: Application app(hInstance, szCmdLIne, iCmdShow); return app.exec(); and the constructor does the following: registerClass(); registerTray(); registerAutostart(); So far so good. Now the question is : how do I create the window procedure (must be static, as it's a c-style pointer to a function) AND keep track of what the application object is, that is, keep a pointer to an Application around. The main question is : is this how it's usually done? Am I complicating things too much? Is it fine to pass hInstance as a parameter to the Application constructor? And where's the WndProc? Maybe WndProc should be outside of class and the Application pointer be global? Then WndProc invokes Application methods in response to various events.

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  • Why is using a common-lookup table to restrict the status of entity wrong?

    - by FreshCode
    According to Five Simple Database Design Errors You Should Avoid by Anith Sen, using a common-lookup table to store the possible statuses for an entity is a common mistake. Why is this wrong? I disagree that it's wrong, citing the example of jobs at a repair service with many possible statuses that generally have a natural flow, eg.: Booked In Assigned to Technician Diagnosing problem Waiting for Client Confirmation Repaired & Ready for Pickup Repaired & Couriered Irreparable & Ready for Pickup Quote Rejected Arguably, some of these statuses can be normalised to tables like Couriered Items, Completed Jobs and Quotes (with Pending/Accepted/Rejected statuses), but that feels like unnecessary schema complication. Another common example would be order statuses that restrict the status of an order, eg: Pending Completed Shipped Cancelled Refunded The status titles and descriptions are in one place for editing and are easy to scaffold as a drop-down with a foreign key for dynamic data applications. This has worked well for me in the past. If the business rules dictate the creation of a new order status, I can just add it to OrderStatus table, without rebuilding my code.

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  • Database schema for a library

    - by ABach
    Hi all - I'm designing a library management system for a department at my university and I wanted to enlist your eyes on my proposed schema. This post is primarily concerned with how we store multiple copies of each book; something about what I've designed rubs me the wrong way, and I'm hoping you all can point out better ways to tackle things. For dealing with users checking out books, I've devised three tables: book, customer, and book_copy. The relationships between these tables are as follows: Every book has many book_copies (to avoid duplicating the book's information while storing the fact that we have multiple copies of that book). Every user has many book_copies (the other end of the relationship) The tables themselves are designed like this: ------------------------------------------------ book ------------------------------------------------ + id + title + author + isbn + etc. ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------ customer ------------------------------------------------ + id + first_name + first_name + email + address + city + state + zip + etc. ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------ book_copy ------------------------------------------------ + id + book_id (FK to book) + customer_id (FK to customer) + checked_out + due_date + etc. ------------------------------------------------ Something about this seems incorrect (or at least inefficient to me) - the perfectionist in me feels like I'm not normalizing this data correctly. What say ye? Is there a better, more effective way to design this schema? Thanks!

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  • I don't like Python functions that take two or more iterables. Is it a good idea?

    - by Xavier Ho
    This question came from looking at this question on Stackoverflow. def fringe8((px, py), (x1, y1, x2, y2)): Personally, it's been one of my pet peeves to see a function that takes two arguments with fixed-number iterables (like a tuple) or two or more dictionaries (Like in the Shotgun API). It's just hard to use, because of all the verbosity and double-bracketed enclosures. Wouldn't this be better: >>> class Point(object): ... def __init__(self, x, y): ... self.x = x ... self.y = y ... >>> class Rect(object): ... def __init__(self, x1, y1, x2, y2): ... self.x1 = x1 ... self.y1 = y1 ... self.x2 = x2 ... self.y2 = y2 ... >>> def fringe8(point, rect): ... # ... ... >>> >>> point = Point(2, 2) >>> rect = Rect(1, 1, 3, 3) >>> >>> fringe8(point, rect) Is there a situation where taking two or more iterable arguments is justified? Obviously the standard itertools Python library needs that, but I can't see it being pretty in maintainable, flexible code design.

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  • What programming technique not done by you, was ahead of its time?

    - by Ferds
    There are developers who understand a technology and produce a solution months or years ahead of its time. I worked with a guy who designed an system using C# beta which would monitor different system components on several servers. He used SQL Server that would pick up these system monitoring components (via reflection) and would instantiate them via an NT Service. The simplicity in this design, was that another developer (me), who understood part of a system, would produce a component that could monitor it, as he had the specialized knowledge of that part of the system. I would derive from the monitor base class (to start, stop and log info), install on the monitoring server GAC and then add an entry to the components table in sql server. Then the main engine would pick up this component and do its magic. I understood parts of it, but couldn't work out by derive from a base class, why add to the GAC etc. This was 6 years ago and it took me months to realize what he achieved. What programming technique not done by you was ahead of its time? EDIT : Techniques that you have seen at work or journals/blogs - I don't mean historically over years.

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