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  • Prove that the set of regular languages is a proper subset of the set of the context-free languages

    - by David Relihan
    I was brushing up (not homework)on some computation-theory and came accross this problem: How can you prove that the set of regular languages is a proper subset of the set of the context-free languages. Now I know a language is regular iff it is accepted by a finite automaton. And I know a language is context-free iff it is accepted by a pushdown automaton. But I'm not sure of what solution is.

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  • Observer Design Pattern - multiple event types

    - by David
    I'm currently implementing the Observer design pattern and using it to handle adding items to the session, create error logs and write messages out to the user giving feedback on their actions (e.g. You've just logged out!). I began with a single method on the subject called addEvent() but as I added more Observers I found that the parameters required to detail all the information I needed for each listener began to grow. I now have 3 methods called addMessage(), addStorage() and addLog(). These add data into an events array that has a key related to the event type (e.g. log, message, storage) but I'm starting to feel that now the subject needs to know too much about the listeners that are attached. My alternative thought is to go back to addEvent() and pass an event type (e.g. USER_LOGOUT) along with the data associated and each Observer maintains it's own list of event handles it is looking for (possibly in a switch statement), but this feels cumbersome. Also, I'd need to check that sufficient data had also been passed along with the event type. What is the correct way of doing this? Please let me know if I can explain any parts of this further. I hope you can help and see the problem I'm battling with.

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  • SQL 2005 w/ C# optimal "Paging"

    - by David Murdoch
    When creating a record "grid" with custom paging what is the best/optimal way to query the total number of records as well as the records start-end using C#? SQL to return paged record set: SELECT Some, Columns, Here FROM ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Column ASC) AS RowId, * FROM Records WHERE (...) ) AS tbl WHERE ((RowId > @Offset) AND (RowId <= (@Offset + @PageSize)) ) SQL to count total number of records: SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Records WHERE (...) Right now, I make two trips to the server: one for getting the records, and the other for counting the total number of records. What is/are the best way(s) to combine these queries to avoid multiple DB trips?

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  • Are Multi-column Primary Keys in MySQL a optimisation problem?

    - by David
    Been looking into using multi-column primary keys and as performance is extremely important with the size of traffic and database I need to know if there is anything to consider before I start throwing out the unique ID method on many of my tables and start using mulit column primary keys. So, what are the performance/optimisation pros/cons to using multi column primary keys versus a basic single column, auto-inc primary key?

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  • A follow up on type coercion in C++, as it may be construed by type conversion

    - by David
    This is a follow up to my previous question. Consider that I write a function with the following prototype: int a_function(Foo val); Where foo is believed to be a type defined unsigned int. This is unfortunately not verifiable for lack of documentation. So, someone comes along and uses a_function, but calls it with an unsigned int as an argument. Here the story takes a turn. Foo turns out to actually be a class, which can take an unsigned int as a single argument of unsigned int in an explicit constructor. Is it a standard and reliable behavior for the compiler to render the function call by doing a type conversion on the argument. I.e. is the compiler supposed to recognize the mismatch and insert the constructor? Or should I get a compile time error reporting the type mismatch.

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  • PostgreSQL: Why does this simple query not use the index?

    - by David
    I have a table t with a column c, which is an int and has a btree index on it. Why does the following query not utilize this index? explain select c from t group by c; The result I get is: HashAggregate (cost=1005817.55..1005817.71 rows=16 width=4) -> Seq Scan on t (cost=0.00..946059.84 rows=23903084 width=4) My understanding of indexes is limited, but I thought such queries were the purpose of indexes.

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  • Trying to get django app to work with mod_wsgi on CentOS 5

    - by David
    I'm running CentOS 5, and am trying to get a django application working with mod_wsgi. I'm using .wsgi settings I got working on Ubuntu. Here is the error: [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] SystemError: dynamic module not initialized properly [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] mod_wsgi (pid=23630): Target WSGI script '/data/hosting/cubedev/apache/django.wsgi' cannot be loaded as Python module. [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] mod_wsgi (pid=23630): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/data/hosting/cubedev/apache/django.wsgi'. [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] Traceback (most recent call last): [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] File "/data/hosting/cubedev/apache/django.wsgi", line 8, in [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] import django.core.handlers.wsgi [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] File "/opt/python2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 1, in [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] from threading import Lock [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] File "/opt/python2.6/lib/python2.6/threading.py", line 13, in [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] from functools import wraps [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] File "/opt/python2.6/lib/python2.6/functools.py", line 10, in [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] from _functools import partial, reduce [Thu Mar 04 10:52:15 2010] [error] [client 10.1.0.251] SystemError: dynamic module not initialized properly And here is my .wsgi file import os import sys os.environ['PYTHON_EGG_CACHE'] = '/tmp/django/' os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'cube.settings' sys.path.append('/data/hosting/cubedev') import django.core.handlers.wsgi application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

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  • Moving a Point along a Path in SQL Server 2008

    - by David Pfeffer
    I have a geography field stored in my database, holding a linestring path. I want to move a point n meters along this linestring, and return the destination. For example, I want the destination point 500 meters along the linestring starting from its beginning. Here's an example -- what is the YourFunctionHere? Or, is there another way? DECLARE @g geography; SET @g = geography::STGeomFromText('LINESTRING(-122.360 47.656, -122.343 47.656, -122.310 47.690)', 4326); SELECT @g.YourFunctionHere(100).ToString();

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  • Unit Testing-- fundamental goal?

    - by David
    Me and my co-workers had a bit of a disagreement last night about unit testing in our PHP/MySQL application. Half of us argued that when unit testing a function within a class, you should mock everything outside of that class and its parents. The other half of us argued that you SHOULDN'T mock anything that is a direct dependancy of the class either. The specific example was our logging mechanism, which happened through a static Logging class, and we had a number of Logging::log() calls in various locations throughout our application. The first half of us said the Logging mechanism should be faked (mocked) because it would be tested in the Logging unit tests. The second half of us argued that we should include the original Logging class in our unit test so that if we make a change to our logging interface, we'll be able to see if it creates problems in other parts of the application due to failing to update the call interface. So I guess the fundamental question is-- do unit tests serve to test the functionality of a single unit in a closed environment, or show the consequences of changes to a single unit in a larger environment? If it's one of these, how do you accomplish the other?

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  • JavaScript "confirm" on SelectedIndexChange of RadioButtonList

    - by Brian David Berman
    I have a RadioButtonList control and I would like to do a Javascript "confirm" when a user tries to change the index. Currently AutoPostBack is set to TRUE. I can, of course, just call __doPostBack from within a javascript function, etc. I tried a few things with jQuery but you have to worry about mousedown vs. click and then there is always the fact that you can click the checkbox label to select it, etc. Anyone have a nice solution for this? To be clear, I am looking for a way to prompt the user with a confirm box prior to their selection being made and triggering a postback.

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  • Google Charts - Adding Tooltip to Colorized Column Chart

    - by David K
    I created a column chart with google charts that has a different color assigned to each column using the following posting: Assign different color to each bar in a google chart But now I'm trying to figure out how to customize the tooltips for each column to also include the number of users in addition to the percent, so "raw_data[i][1]" I would like it to look like "70% (80 Users)" I understand that there is "data.addColumn({type:'number',role:'tooltip'});" but I'm having trouble understanding how to implement it for this use-case. function drawAccountsChart() { var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); var raw_data = [ ['Parents', 80, 160], ['Students', 94, 128], ['Teachers', 78, 90], ['Admins', 68, 120], ['Staff', 97, 111] ]; data.addColumn('string', 'Columns'); for (var i = 0; i < raw_data.length; ++i) { data.addColumn('number', raw_data[i][0]); } data.addRows(1); for (var i = 0; i < raw_data.length; ++i) { data.setValue(0, i+1, raw_data[i][1]/raw_data[i][2]*100); } var options = { height:220, chartArea: { left:30, width: "70%", height: "70%" }, backgroundColor: { fill:"transparent" }, tooltop:{ textStyle: {fontSize: "12px",}}, vAxis: {minValue: 0} }; var formatter = new google.visualization.NumberFormat({ suffix: '%', fractionDigits: 1 }); formatter.format(data, 1); formatter.format(data, 2); formatter.format(data, 3); formatter.format(data, 4); formatter.format(data, 5); var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(document.getElementById('emailAccountsChart')); chart.draw(data, options); }

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  • Why GLatLng() doesn't receive variables?

    - by David
    Hi, i have the following code to update a google map: function updateit(c1,c2){ alert(c1+"-"+c2); // This works map.setCenter(new GLatLng(c1, c2), 13); // But this doesn't } updateit(37.4419, -122.1419); The alert is working and show the two coordinations, but i think the GLatLng() doesn't receive them, so the map is not updated unless i directly declare them as strings : function updateit(c1,c2){ map.setCenter(new GLatLng(37.4419, -122.1419), 13); // This works } How to fix this problem? Thanks

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  • User reactions to WYSIWYM

    - by David
    I am trying to decide between a WYSIWYG editor (e.g. TinyMCE, CKEditor) and a WYSIWYM (What You See Is What You Mean) editor (e.g. WMD) for my web application. There is a thread on stackoverflow that compares the two approaches. I would like to know how users, particularly computer novices, have reacted to WYSIWYM editors in deployed web applications. It could be that computer novices are confused by WYSIWYM editors, preferring the immediacy of WYSIWYG; but is that born out in real-world applications? It's not theory I'm asking about here, but empirical evidence of the acceptance or otherwise of WYSIWYM.

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  • PostgreSQL pgdb driver raises "can't rollback" exception

    - by David Parunakian
    Hello, for some reason I'm experiencing the Operational Error with "can't rollback" message when I attempt to roll back my transaction in the following context: try: cursors[instance].execute("lock revision, app, timeout IN SHARE MODE") cursors[instance].execute("insert into app (type, active, active_revision, contents, z) values ('session', true, %s, %s, 0) returning id", (cRevision, sessionId)) sAppId = cursors[instance].fetchone()[0] cursors[instance].execute("insert into revision (app_id, type) values (%s, 'active')", (sAppId,)) cursors[instance].execute("insert into timeout (app_id, last_seen) values (%s, now())", (sAppId,)) connections[instance].commit() except pgdb.DatabaseError, e: connections[instance].rollback() return "{status: 'error', errno:4, errmsg: \"%s\"}"%(str(e).replace('\"', '\\"').replace('\n', '\\n').replace('\r', '\\r')) The driver in use is PGDB. What is fundamentally wrong here?

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  • Are there any reasons for why you would include JavaScript using document.writeln

    - by David Johnstone
    Are there any good reasons for why you would include JavaScript like this: <script type="text/javascript">document.writeln('<script src="http://example.com/javascript/MyJavaScript.js" type="text/javascript"><' + '/script>');</script> (Sorry for the long scrolling line. This is in the head of a HTML document.) I've been looking at some HTML recently and I've noticed this a few times (all on the one site). I can't think of any reasons why you would do it like this, but I can hardly claim to be a web developer. It's likely that these lines of code are automatically generated, but still, someone somewhere must have thought this was a good idea.

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  • How to manually set an authenticated user in Spring Security / SpringMVC

    - by David Parks
    After a new user submits a 'New account' form, I want to manually log that user in so they don't have to login on the subsequent page. The normal form login page going through the spring security interceptor works just fine. In the new-account-form controller I am creating a UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken and setting it in the SecurityContext manually: SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication); On that same page I later check that the user is logged in with: SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getAuthorities(); This returns the authorities I set earlier in the authentication. All is well. But when this same code is called on the very next page I load, the authentication token is just UserAnonymous. I'm not clear why it did not keep the authentication I set on the previous request. Any thoughts? Could it have to do with session ID's not being set up correctly? Is there something that is possibly overwriting my authentication somehow? Perhaps I just need another step to save the authentication? Or is there something I need to do to declare the authentication across the whole session rather than a single request somehow? Just looking for some thoughts that might help me see what's happening here.

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  • ServicedComponent not being disposed in finaliser

    - by David Gray Wright
    Questions needing answers : Does the finalizer of the client side ServicedComponent call ServicedComponent.DisposeObject or Dispose? How should destruction (release of memory) occur in the com server in realtion to its usage in the client? Basically - we are reaching a 2 gig limit on process size (memory) of the COM server as memory is not being released - is the solution to call explicitly call Dispose or use the using statement in the client?

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  • ASP.NET GridView issue with DataFormatString in a BoundField

    - by David
    I have a BoundField in a GridView whose datatype (in MSSQL) is time(7). The format is being displayed as: hh:mm:ss.xxxxxx I want to add a DataFormatString to this boundfield so that the field displays in the format: hh:mm:ss Here is a snippet of the .aspx file that I'm modifying: <asp:BoundField DataField="ProcTime" HeaderText="ProcTime" SortExpression="ProcTime" ApplyFormatInEditMode="true" HtmlEncode="true" DataFormatString="{0:F0}" /> I've tried many different format strings (t, T, d, D, m, etc) but it does not change the format of the boundfield. What am I missing?

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  • Setting Scala "Platform" for NetBeans 6.8 on Ubuntu Lucid Lynx

    - by David
    I'm trying to use NetBeans 6.8 with Scala, and it can't find the "Scala Platform" (whatever that is supposed to be). I'm using Ubuntu Lucid Lynx (fully updated). The libraries are in /usr/share/java, the binaries in /usr/bin, the docs in /usr/share/doc/scala-doc/, and the sources are uninstalled. I think that NetBeans is looking for Scala to be in one single directory (with bin, lib, etc.). I created /usr/share/scala and placed links to the other directories, but it still didn't quite make it. Can someone straighten me out? (And why is it a "platform"? More needless jargon...)

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  • Deobfuscating Javascript

    - by David Murdoch
    What is this monstrosity? Anyone know of a way to make it readable? <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ <!-- var x="function f(x){var i,o=\"\",l=x.length;for(i=0;i<l;i+=2) {if(i+1<l)o+=" + "x.charAt(i+1);try{o+=x.charAt(i);}catch(e){}}return o;}f(\"ufcnitnof x({)av" + " r,i=o\\\"\\\"o,=l.xelgnhtl,o=;lhwli(e.xhcraoCedtAl(1/)3=!76{)rt{y+xx=l;=+;" + "lc}tahce({)}}of(r=i-l;1>i0=i;--{)+ox=c.ahAr(t)i};erutnro s.buts(r,0lo;)f}\\" + "\"(0),9\\\"\\\\$.;(.34U03\\\\\\\\16\\\\0E\\\\NSCZhC24\\\\03\\\\01\\\\\\\\St" + "DEMPbM02\\\\0C\\\\x#opms58aJ}qb<jb7`17\\\\\\\\hc7s17\\\\\\\\rzEeljdp7m03\\\\"+ "\\\\36\\\\0F\\\\24\\\\06\\\\01\\\\\\\\25\\\\01\\\\02\\\\\\\\26\\\\03\\\\03\\"+ "\\\\\\(W4N02\\\\\\\\24\\\\02\\\\00\\\\\\\\07\\\\0N\\\\14\\\\0P\\\\BI07\\\\0" + "4\\\\00\\\\\\\\02\\\\02\\\\02\\\\\\\\14\\\\06\\\\02\\\\\\\\24\\\\0L\\\\25\\" + "\\06\\\\01\\\\\\\\3:?(>4\\\"\\\\f(;} ornture;}))++(y)^(iAtdeCoarchx.e(odrCh" + "amCro.fngriSt+=;o27=1y%i;+=)y90==(iif){++;i<l;i=0(ior;fthnglex.l=\\\\,\\\\\\"+ "\"=\\\",o iar{vy)x,f(n ioctun\\\"f)\")" ; while(x=eval(x)); //--> //]]> </script>

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  • Implement a custom editor in Visual Studio 2008 or 2010

    - by David Montgomery
    Hi, I'm trying to find documentation on how one would go about creating a custom editor plug-in for VS2008 or VS2010. The file syntax I want to edit is from a tool called TemplateMaschine by Stefan Sarstedt. An example of the template syntax: <%@ Assembly Name="System.Xml" %> <%@ Import NameSpace="System.Xml" %> <%@ Import NameSpace="System.Collections" %> <%@ Argument Name="className" Type="string" %> <%@ Argument Name="attributes" Type="ArrayList" %> public class <%=className%> { <% foreach(string attr in attributes) { %> public string <%=attr%>; <% } %> } The most important editor features for me would be real-time syntax checking and code completion. If we could get those features, it would save us THOUSANDS of man-hours. Failing to incorporate a custom editor into Studio, maybe there is some open source text editor project out there that might be easy to extend for my purposes? I've looked a little at Eclipse, but I would think code completion won't be an option (also, my Java stinks). Another possibility might be extending the SharpDevelop text editor component. Ideas and suggestions welcome!

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  • link .a and .o files in GCC

    - by David
    hi! I have two precompiled library: X.a and Y.a and a test.cpp (without main function) source code use these two libraries. I compiled the C++ using: g++ -c test.cpp and I got 'test.o'. Now how can I link these three together to generate a .a file because test.cpp use some function in X.a and Y.a and other GCC libraries? BTW, I am doing these under Windows using MinGW. Can I rename this .a file to .lib and use this .lib in VC? Thanks!

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  • Optimal sorting algorithm with modified cost... [closed]

    - by David
    The numbers are in a list that is not sorted and supports only one type of operation. The operation is defined as follows: Given a position i and a position j the operation moves the number at position i to position j without altering the relative order of the other numbers. If i j, the positions of the numbers between positions j and i - 1 increment by 1, otherwise if i < j the positions of the numbers between positions i+1 and j decreases by 1. This operation requires i steps to find a number to move and j steps to locate the position to which you want to move it. Then the number of steps required to move a number of position i to position j is i+j. Design an algorithm that given a list of numbers, determine the optimal(in terms of cost) sequence of moves to rearrange the sequence.

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