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  • Understanding interfaces [closed]

    - by user985482
    Possible Duplicate: When to use abstract classes instead of interfaces and extension methods in C#? Why are interfaces useful? What is the point of an interface? What other reasons are there to write interfaces rather than abstract classes? What is the point of having every service class have an interface? Is it bad habit not using interfaces? I am reading Microsoft Visual C# 2010 Step by Step which I feel it is a very good book on introducing you to the C# language. I have just finished reading a chapter on interfaces and although I understood the syntax of creating and using interfaces I have trouble of understanding the point on why should I use them? Correct me If I am wrong but in an interface you can only declare methods names and parameters.The body of the method should be declared in the class that inherits the interface. So in this case why should I declare an interface if I am going to declare the entire method in the class that inherits that interface? What is the point? Does this have something to do with the fact that a class can inherit multiple interfaces?

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  • Tool to launch a script driven by modem activity

    - by Will M
    Can anyone suggest a software tool (preferably under Windows XP or later) that would launch an application or script in response to a phone call being received on a landline phone line connected to a data modem on the same PC? or, better, in response to a sequence of touch-tones being played over such a phone line. This would allow, for example, using the telephone to manipulate firewall settings so as to create another layer of security in connection with remote internet access to that computer. I seem to recall seeing tools to do this sort of thing in the days before broadband internet access, when there was more attention to various tips and tricks for the dial-up modem, but a few attempts at Google hasn't turned anything up.

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  • Why doesn't openSUSE Linux upgrade itself through its software repositories?

    - by Dougal
    openSUSE - fast becoming my favourite Linux distro on the client - doesn't seem to upgrade itself through its own configured software repositories. Do we know why this is the case? Is it a money-making thing where they can then sell upgrade CDs / DVDs? I mean, pretty much every other Linux upgrades itself through the normal software repositories. For example, Ubuntu can upgrade itself from 10.4 to 10.10 just through the normal software package upgrade procedure. Why must it be a huge procedure to upgrade openSUSE? Any knowledge or ideas appreciated. Thank you.

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  • Trying to get a new user up on VPN

    - by Chris
    Caveat: I am not a sysadmin, so please forgive the n00bness of the query. We have a new user and I'm trying to get them up on VPN. We use pfsense as an IPSEC endpoint. This person is using Shrewsoft for the client. I had created an entry in pfsense for them and then edited a previous user's config file. Shrewsoft didn't import the config file very well and I had to hand edit the information. Now we are getting gateway errors. One thing I've noticed is that there is a different between the values of the preshared key stored on the firewall and the psk stored in the config file. I assume it has something to do with a hash, but I've no idea if that's the case and whether that might be what's causing the problem. Any suggestions greatly appreciated! Tangentially, is there some software used to generate these config files?

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  • Throwing and catching exceptions in the same function/method

    - by usr
    I've written a function that asks a user for input until user enters a positive integer (a natural number). Somebody said I shouldn't throw and catch exceptions in my function and should let the caller of my function handle them. I wonder what other developers think about this. I'm also probably misusing exceptions in the function. Here's the code in Java: private static int sideInput() { int side = 0; String input; Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); do { System.out.print("Side length: "); input = scanner.nextLine(); try { side = Integer.parseInt(input); if (side <= 0) { // probably a misuse of exceptions throw new NumberFormatException(); } } catch (NumberFormatException numFormExc) { System.out.println("Invalid input. Enter a natural number."); } } while (side <= 0); return side; } I'm interested in two things: Should I let the caller worry about exceptions? The point of the function is that it nags the user until the user enters a natural number. Is the point of the function bad? I'm not talking about UI (user not being able to get out of the loop without proper input), but about looped input with exceptions handled. Would you say the throw statement (in this case) is a misuse of exceptions? I could easily create a flag for checking validity of the number and output the warning message based on that flag. But that would add more lines to the code and I think it's perfectly readable as it is. The thing is I often write a separate input function. If user has to input a number multiple times, I create a separate function for input that handles all formatting exceptions and limitations.

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  • How can I go about learning to write a shader

    - by Donutz
    So here's the background: I'm writing a game, just for my own amusement and education really. I've already come to the conclusion that XNA was the way to go for graphics, I've bought a couple of books, I've gotten basic game graphics going, and that's great. Now I'm starting to get a little in-depth and I'm starting to need to do stuff not covered in my (beginner) books. In particular, I need to display a sprite using a mask. Actually, what I need to do is display a generic sprite with a different color for each player. After banging around on the web, it seems the way to go is to have a color texture (one for each player) which I display using the mask, then display the generic part of the sprite. This has to be done dynamically, i.e. at runtime because there are too many sprites to keep in memory if I try to generate all the permutations at startup. So, I need to use a shader. Fine. I've downloaded a sample shader program, and managed to hit it with a hammer until it does something close enough to what I want so that I know I'm on the right track. And here, we come to my problem... I have no friggin' clue what I'm doing. While there are a lot of samples and such about shaders, no one ever actually explains what's going on. For instance, I can't find any real docs on Tex2D. I feel like the guys in Zoolander poking at the computer. So, my question (yes, I have a question) -- where is a good URL or what is a good book to take me from dumskie to reasonably competent to write a basic shader?

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  • Using Process Monitor to track registry changes

    - by CChriss
    It seems many people like using Process Monitor to see what changes are being made to the registry during a process. So I downloaded it. I want to see what changes are made in the registry by some config changes I'm making on my computer so I can write them into a vbs script to do them easily. Can someone tell me how to drive Process Monitor to capture the info? In the Help I don't see how to do it. I'm using Windows 7 home Premium 64 bit.

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  • Partition falsly recognized as RAW

    - by Paul Hiemstra
    On my 2 TB data disk I have two primary partitions, one of 1.6 TB for data storage in Linux (ext3) and one of 300 GB for some additional data storage for Windows. I run a dual-boot Windows 7/Ubuntu 12.04 install. The issue I have that if I start my computer into Windows 7, bot the partitions on my 2TB data drive are not recognized. In stead, Windows 7 sees one 1TB partition with type RAW. However, if I reboot to Linux, and then back to Windows 7, the partitions are correctly recognized. The following two screenshots illustrate my situation. Before I reboot to linux: and after the reboot: I have two questions: What could cause this behavior? How can I solve this issue.

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  • Apache httpd VirtualHost config - multiple sites

    - by DaFoot
    [Advised to post here from StackExchange] I have a site to work on, because of the way the URLs are built the application seems to have been created on the assumption that it will be at the server root (only app). On my dev server I have other projects and up to now a simple symlink has been working for me, but that's not the case now because this new app wants to sit at the route and process all URLs arriving on :80. Hopefully this snippet from httpd.conf will help explain what I'm trying to acheive: # default for any not matched elsewhere <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html/newproject </VirtualHost> # now try to pick out specific URLs <VirtualHost localhost/webdev> DocumentRoot /var/www/html/existingProject ServerName localhost/project </VirtualHost> Also need to be able to get same affect from wherever I'm accessing the httpd instance from. Hope that makes sense.

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  • Installing Windows from Ubuntu while booting only from the hard drive

    - by WindowsEscapist
    My problem is unrelated to this workaround (the question) here, but the end result is that I cannot change boot order (or use a boot menu) on my laptop. It is currently running Ubuntu 12.04 with a dual-boot to Fedora if anything goes catastrophically wrong with Ubuntu (read "if I mess it up"). I would really like to install Windows 7 (but XP would be fine) on an empty FAT32 partition I have already made because of issues with WINE-emulated programs running more slowly than under Windows. The problem is, I can only boot from my hard drive. I can boot from other devices by removing the hard drive, but this is irrelevant because SATA is non-hotpluggable (I can't plug it back in to install). Is there any way I could boot up a Windows installer CD (or other CDs)? (I know how to keep my Linux distros.) I have both the .iso's and the physical CDs (or can obtain them). This may be unneeded, but just as a disclaimer this is completely legal. The computer belongs to me, I have admin privs, etc. I'm not doing anything shady!

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  • USB Hub powers down in sleep mode on Win 7 64

    - by Andy B
    This question has been asked before but not answered. I would like the USB hub to remain on in sleep so I can wake up the laptop from an external keyboard and mouse. I have set all the device drivers by unchecking allow this device to be powered down and disabled selective suspend in control panel but the hub still powers down. If I plug a keyboard or mouse directly in to the PC they remain powered and wake the computer its only when they are connected through the hub there is a problem. I have another PC running Win 7 32. If I set this up in exactly the same way the hub remains powered in sleep. Both PC's are Toshiba Satellites with multi-core celerons but one runs Win 7 32 the other Win 7 64. BIOS settings are the same. Any help would be appreciated even confirmation that this is a feature of Win 7 64.

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  • How can I logoff and go to stand-by via Win XP script?

    - by Peter
    I am looking for a way to write a script (of any sort) that would both log me off my local Windows account and also immediatedly put the computer to sleep / stand-by. I've found solutions that can do one or the other but not logoff and then sleep all in one script. The SHUTDOWN command doesn't offer this and I can't find any other options either. This is for Win XP, SP3 right now but someday soon I'll want a Windows 7 solution as well. Thanks for any ideas or an explanation as to why this isn't possible. :)

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  • Ternary and Artificial Intelligence

    - by user2957844
    Not much of a programmer myself, however I have been thinking about the future of AI. If a fully functional AI is programmed in a binary environment as is used in current computing, would that create a bit of a black and white personality? As in just yes/no, on/off, 1/0? I will use the Skynet computer from the Terminator series as a bad analogy; it is brought online and comes to the conclusion that humanity should just be destroyed so the problem is resolved, basically its only options were; fire the missiles or not. (The films do not really go into what its moves would be after doing such a thing, but that goes into the realms of AI evolution so does not really fit with this question.) It may also have been badly programmed. Now, the human mind has been akin to a ternary system which allows our "out of the box" thinking along with all the other wonderful things our minds can do. So, would it not be more prudent to create a functional ternary system and program an AI using it so the resulting personality would be able to benefit from the third "maybe" (so to speak) option? I understand that in binary there are ways to get around the whole yes/no etc. way of things, however the basic operations are still just 1's and 0's. Again with using the above bad Skynet analogy; if it could have had that third "maybe" option as part of its core system, it may have decided to not launch due to being able to make sense of the intricacies of human nature and the politics of such a move etc. In effect, my question is; Would an AI benefit more from ternary computing as opposed to binary due to the inclusion of -1, or 2, dependent on the system ("maybe," as I call it)?

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  • How can I view a .eml file from command line in Windows Vista?

    - by Nosrettap
    Ok, so my parent's computer crashed (horribly - corruptedRegistry) and I'm trying to access one of their e-mail files that is saved locally on the hard drive. I can't launch Windows itself so right now I am in a "bootup command prompt". I've navigated to where the e-mail appear to be stored C:Users\[userName]\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows Mail\Local Folders\Inbox and it shows a list of what appear to be the files. The problem is, they are .eml files and I can't seem to be able to open them. I've tried 'vim' and 'vi' commands but it tells me that 'vim is not recognized as an internal or external command. Does anyone know how I can view .eml files from command line? Thanks

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  • Several border firewalls in the same network

    - by nimai
    I'm currently analyzing the consequences of multipath connections for the firewalls. In that context, I'm wondering if it's really uncommon to have several firewalls at the borders of a network to protect it. The typical case I'd imagine would be a multihomed network, for which the administrator would have different policies for links from different (or not) ISPs. Or maybe even in an ISP's network. What would be the practical (dis)advantages of such a configuration? Could you provide an example of an existing topology using several border firewalls?

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  • I need a script to lockdown the system time to users via gpedit.msc

    - by Chester
    I need to lockdown the system time on a number of PCs via gpedit.msc and then removing administrators from the group and then adding 'administrator' and 'polling'. Can I do this via a script? Essentially I have to; Run gpedit.msc Computer Configuration Windows Settings Security Settings Local Policies User Rights Assignment Double Click Change the system time Select Administrators Click Remove Click Add User or Group Type Administrator Click Check Names Type polling Click Check Names OK Apply OK Logoff I have to do this for a huge number of computers so is there a batch file I could run on each PC to do this? Your help would be very much appreciated. Best Regards

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  • Laptop using 14.04 won't get past login GUI

    - by Dave M G
    My laptop was working perfectly yesterday, and now today I can't log in. At first, I was only getting a black screen. However, after following instructions in some questions here on AskUbuntu, I first reinstalled lightdm, and then I had to change the ownership of the file ~/.Xauthority to be my user name. Now, I get the log in GUI screen. However, once I enter my username, it flickers and then comes back to the login GUI. It does not matter if I use Gnome, Unity, or Gnome-Flashback. I don't know why lightdm needed to be reconfigured, or how ~/.Xauthority got changed, but in any case, what is still standing in my way, preventing me from logging in? Update: I have tried deleting the .Xauthority file, and the .profile files in my home directory. It has not changed anything. Logging in as guest also fails to work. The following commands did not work: mv ~/.config ~/.config.BAK mv ~/.cache ~/.cache.BAK Inside .xsession-errors in my home directory, it says: Gdk-CRITICAL: gdk_x11_display_get_xdisplay: assertion 'GDK_IS_DISPLAY (display)' failed

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  • How to make a quiet laptop ? [closed]

    - by psihodelia
    Most modern laptops have very noisy fans. I am looking for a quiet laptop or a small stationary computer which has all its hardware built in a display. Most tasks will be pdf/docs processing, real-time audio processing, web-surfing and skype video chats. Certainly, there is no any fan-less model today; but maybe some of the existed laptops do not switch on their fans so often or implement different solutions? For example, an iPad has no fan at all and it is fast enough for my needs, but it has no normal operating system, so I can't use it for anything but audio chats and web-surfing. Or maybe I can buy a laptop and tweak it to make it absolutely noiseless? Can you recommend me any solution please? Thanks in advance!

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  • Error Formatting Memory Card

    - by Kirby Fromm
    I just tried to look at some of my pictures on my sony cyber-shot dsc-tx5, with a Lexar platinum II 16 GB memory stick, and it is now saying I have a formatting error every time I turn the camera on. The card and Camera are both 3 months old and have worked perfectly before. I tried to check the card on my computer and it says there is an error, so the camera is working but the card is not. Does anyone know how I can fix this to get the pictures off of the card?

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  • Remote viewing on a Linux server?

    - by Zeno
    I have a Slackware Linux server that doesn't have a monitor. It doesn't run any GUIs. Is there a way to remotely access the screen? I always use SSH, but there are times where the SSH services fails and I can't do anything (nor even tell what the problem is). I use Teamviewer from my Windows computer to other PCs, but is there anything I can use to remotely view this from a Windows machine? I also want to see what it's doing at boot, before the SSH service starts.

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  • Motivation for service layer (instead of just copying dlls)?

    - by BornToCode
    I'm creating an application which has 2 different UIs so I'm making it with a service layer which I understood is appropriate for such case. However I found myself just creating web methods for every single method I have in the BL layer, so the services basically built from methods that looks like this: return customers_bl.Get_Customer_Prices(customer_id); I understood that a main point of the service layer is to prevent duplication of code so I asked myself - well, why not just import the BL.dll (and the DAL.dll) to the other UI, and whenever making a change re-copy the dll files, it might not be so 'neat', but is the all purpose of the service layer to prevent this? {I know something is wrong in my approach, I'm probably missing the importance of service layer, I'd like to get more motivation to create another layer, especially because as it is I found that many of my BL functions ALREADY looks like: return customers_dal.Get_Customer_Prices(cust_id) which led me to ask: was it really necessary to create the BL just because on several functions I actually have LOGIC inside the BL?} so I'm looking for more motivation to creating ONE MORE layer, I'm sure it's not just to make it more convenient that I won't have to re-copy the dlls on changes? Am I grasping it wrong? Any simple guidelines on how to design service layer (corresponding to all the BL layer functions or not? any simple example?) any enlightenment on the subject?

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  • BackupPC - are full backups really full when using rsync?

    - by mhost
    Hi, When you run a full backup in backuppc and you use rsync as the transfer method, does it actually transfer the full backup source? Or does it only transfer the changes? The docs seem to imply that it would transfer the full thing and only an incremental would transfer the changes. If this is the case, could I simply use incrementals only, and never do a full backup? The way the backups are stored (using hard links to make each incremental appear full), I would think that this would be the best method. Incrementals will only transfer the changes, yet each backup will appear full. Thanks.

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  • "Punch card" application

    - by icelava
    Our main-con manager is looking for a "punch card" type of attendance-logging application. We need to take attendance every day, and the most "automatic" method is simply to track when people unlock their Windows desktop screen (not logon, because many simply leave the computer on indefinitely), and report to a remote location/repository, where the administrator will be able to observe which users unlocked their screens each day. Has anybody come across such an application suite? It likely has to be a Windows service so that it operates regardless of who is logged into the system.

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  • Running Tomcat 7 and Apache 2 on the same server

    - by Thorn
    Part of my site needs to run over HTTPS and I'm creating a sub-domain for that part. I have apache httpd 2 AND Tomcat 7 running on the same server with the same IP, Apache is on port 80 of course, while Tomcat is running on port 8080. Right now I am doing domain forwarding for requests that need to run off tomcat. For example, mathteamhosting.com/mathApp can forward to mathteamhosting.com:8080/mathApp. I would like to have Tomcat handle the https requests for that subdomain. I don't think this forwarding technique can work in this case. How do I set that up so that Tomcat receives the requests on port 443 while apache handles port 80. To be more specific: http://proctinator.com == request goes to Apache web server https://private.proctinator.com == request goes to Apache web server

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  • handle 50-100 million rectangle in AutoCAD

    - by Wang
    I have huge problem when I try to get large array. For example, I have something like 10000x10000 or 5000x5000 rectangles. It is almost impossible to do anything because the screen just got frozen up. It is impossible to contain so many objects in one array. So I had 100x100 rectangle array as xref then array the xref again. It ate up about 12GB RAM. I guess this is the problem. Can anyone give me any suggestions can achieve the same structure but without freezing the computer?

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