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• I'm running Ubuntu notebook on a USB drive with 1GB persistence. Where are my XAMPP files?

  - by CDeanMartin

  I just began running Ubuntu Notebook on my 2GB USB stick, with 1GB persistence. After I installed XAMPP, I rebooted to make sure the persistence was working. It worked! My XAMPP installation worked, and it comes up when I type localhost into the browser. The sample apps work, including the ones using MySQL. But I can't find the application files! I am used to the vast labyrinth of files in Windows Explorer, and looking through 'Files and Folders' in GNOME, there seem to only be 7 or 8 folders in the entire OS? What is really going on here? I looked through them all and where is XAMPP? When I code PHP with a WAMP stack, all the .php files go in the 'WWW folder' What is the Linux equivalent of the WWW folder?

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• Bacula vs. BackupPC

  - by chronoz

  I have been googling about the differences between them. Bacula has lots of roles BackupPC is easier to configure Bacula works with agent, not rsync (great for Windows backups) It seems that Bacula is most often compared to Amanda though, while BackupPC seems a perfectly lovely and popular backup distribution to. I currently backup my servers with rsnapshot, but I am looking for a professional scalable solution that could also back-up 50 hosts without problems. Preferably a solution that can offer bare metal restores for my Linux servers. I am not looking to reinstall the exact same version of Plesk, the software, etc...

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• I've created a software RAID on SUSE EL 10 and now I need to monitor it.......

  - by Thomas B.

  I have created a Software Raid using the yast2 GUI on SUSE ES 10/11. The raid works great and it's a raid 5. I have 5 Drives they are cheap 2GB Cases that have 2 - 1TB Drives in each case (Serial ATA Drives) and I connect them in via Esata to the motherboard. The problem I have as this is "cheap" storage when of the the 5 drives goes out on the RAID I seem to have no logs of any issues and it get's harder and harder to write to it until it dies. I use SAMBA to mount the 4TB parition to my PC's in my home on a GIG network. My question is this, are there any good (Free) tools in Linux to monitor a raid or the drives on the raid to detect any problems??? I haven't found any yet and was just wondering if some exist.

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• balancing loudest and quietest speaker noises

  - by Dan

  It is hard for me to find the right volume for my computer to watch my dvd's on because it seems like most reasonable volumes become overwhelming at the loudest parts of a movie and it is hard to even make out the dialog at the quietest parts. I find I'm constantly adjusting the volume during the course of a movie. Are there ways to make the difference between the louds and the quiets not so extreme? (both computer related solutions and non-computer related solutions welcome). Like moving my speakers across the room and increasing the volume? or the opposite? Or would would the extremes be less noticeable if I used headphones? Are there movie players that might have more complex sound adjustment features? If there is a software solution out there for linux that would be great too. Thanks, Dan

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• Streaming video in Virtualbox jumpy

  - by Kevin

  I am trying to get Netflix to work on my Ubuntu netbook. I know it will not run in Linux so I am trying it in my Win XP virtual machine. It streams the video but the sound and video are out of sync and the video often freezes and jumps. I have tried Firefox, Chrome, and even IE. I am thinking my Atom N455 processor does not work well with virtualization. All other apps in the VM work fine. The only issue is streaming [YouTube is jumpy too].Does anyone know of Virtualbox settings I can try to possibly fix this issue or am I out of luck?

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• How do I install and run Tomcat on port 80 as my only web server? (Rooted Ubuntu box)

  - by gav

  Hi All, tl;dr - I have a rooted linux box that I want to run tomcat on as a server (No Apache Web Server) how would you set this up avoiding common security pitfalls? I've written a Grails App that I want to run on a VPS I rent. The VPS has very little memory and I am using it for the sole purpose of running this application so I don't need the apache web server. This is my first venture into Server administration and I'm sure to fall into some well known traps. Should I use iptables to redirect requests from port 80 to 8080? Should I run tomcat as root or as it's own user? What configuration settings would be good for a low memory system expecting less than 10 concurrent users? Hopefully an easy one for you! Anyone who could link to a tutorial would be a personal hero destined for great things no doubt. Gav

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• Multiple IP Addresses on a Traceroute Line

  - by Paul

  I'm doing a traceroute from my box to ....say.... stackoverflow.com. I see a couple of instances where there are multiple ip's on one line. For instance, in below, line #2 has two IPs: 10.1.6.5 and 10.1.4.5 Also on line #4, there are two timestamps after 216.182.236.96: 0.653 ms and 0.637 ms What are these? This is on Linux Traceroute example: traceroute to www.stackoverflow.com (198.252.206.16), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 2 ip-10-1-6-5.us-west-1.compute.internal (10.1.6.5) 0.329 ms 0.425 ms ip-10-1-4-5.us-west-1.compute.internal (10.1.4.5) 0.471 ms 4 216.182.236.104 (216.182.236.104) 0.554 ms 216.182.236.96 (216.182.236.96) 0.653 ms 0.637 ms 5 205.251.230.64 (205.251.230.64) 0.616 ms 205.251.229.232 (205.251.229.232) 1.305 ms 205.251.230.64 (205.251.230.64) 0.573 ms

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• best way to host multiple wordpress site on single vps [migrated]

  - by Ben

  Not sure if this is webmaster or a WordPress question, it's a bit half and half, sorry if I'm posting in the wrong place. Without using Multi-Site or installing new WordPress CMS' in second-level domains, what's the best way to get multiple WordPress installs running on my VPS (running Linux powered CentOS 6 with WHM and cPanel)? It's currently working but only by setting the permalinks option to the default setting, so the URLs aren't human-friendly. I have come across something called WPSiteStack, though I'd really rather not go down this route. Long story short, I need the following: Seperate installs so one core / theme / plugin update doesn't affect all sites and increases security of all sites; 'Pretty' permalinks; Each WordPress install must be in the root of it's own domain to ensure that I can accurately measure my clients' quotas; It may also be worth noting that some functions within each install use the $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] and $_SERVER['HOST'] variables. I have already edited the httpd-vhosts.conf, httpd.conf and .htaccess files but this hasn't made any changes. So any ideas what I'm missing or doing wrong? Any help is much appreciated.

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• Coldfusion server VERY slow page loads

  - by Kevin

  I inherited a windows server 2003 coldfusion 7 server a few weeks ago. Today a network cable was unplugged by accident from the server. On plugging it back in, pages were NOT loading at all. Rather, we were receiving a generic coldfusion error page. After restarting IIS several times and coldfusion even more than that, we finally got pages to start loading. However, the loading is extremely slow (30+ seconds) on pages that used to load instantly. Loading through the local network (IE localhost/cfide/administrator) does nothing to help the load speed. I am not familiar with IIS or Coldfusion (We're in the process of migrating this to Linux/PHP), so this is all new territory to me. I'm hoping someone may have experienced this issue in the past and can help me solve it. I'm happy to provide any additional information that might be necessary....I'm just not sure what information you might need in order to help. Thanks for your time.

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• How to make fonts smooth and readable in Debian/Ubuntu?

  - by jmdeldin

  What is the best, most foolproof way of getting nice font rendering in Linux? Currently, I am experiencing thin, ugly fonts (shown below). I have wasted too much time tweaking fonts.conf, and I have yet to find a decent combination. I am running Debian 6.0 with no desktop environment (just Openbox for a window manager) in a VM on a Macbook Pro (OS X 10.7.4). Screenshots The following screenshots were taken without fonts.conf and .Xdefaults tweaks. running in "native" Openbox environment: http://i.imgur.com/10bnH.png running over X11, which looks a little worse than Openbox: http://i.imgur.com/sq8jk.png Thank you!

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• How to deal with OpenGL and Fullscreen on OS X

  - by Armin Ronacher

  I do most of my development on OS X and for my current game project this is my target environment. However when I play games I play on Windows. As a windows gamer I am used to Alt+Tab switching from within the game to the last application that was open. On OS X I currently can't find either a game that supports that nor can I find a way to make it possible. My current project is based on SDL 1.3 and I can see that cmd+tab is a sequence that is sent directly to my application and not intercepted by the operating system. Now my first attempt was to hide the rendering window on cmd+tab which certainly works, but has the disadvantage that a hidden OpenGL window in SDL cannot be restored when the user tabs back to the application. First of all, there is no event fired for that or I can't find it, secondly the core problem is that when that application window is hidden, my game is still the active application, just that the window disappeared. That is incredible annoying. Any ideas how to approximate the windows / linux behavior for alt+tab?

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• Seeking for a better solution to restrict access in GRUB2 menu

  - by LiveWireBT

  I just read that in certain situations you should also protect access to your GRUB2 menu by setting a password and may be refining acces by adding --unrestricted or --users as arguments to menuentries und submenus. I read the corresponding pages in the Ubuntu Community Documentation and the Arch Wiki. So, I created /etc/grub.d/01_security, stored usernames and passwords in there, made the file executable and ran update-grub. This is working as intended, every action in the menu prompts for username and password, but I also want to modify the automatically generated entries to either restrict them to certain users (via --users) or make them available for everyone, but not editable by everyone (via --unrestricted). I was able to find the proper lines in 10_linux and edit them accordingly, however I'd love to see an easier solution. Perhaps an option like GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" or GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true in /etc/default/grub for easy (re)configuration (for linux and os-prober generated entries). Here's a diff from my 13.10 installation: $ diff /etc/grub.d/10_linux /etc/grub.d/10_linux_bak 123c123 < echo "menuentry '$(echo "$title" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} --unrestriced \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-$version-$type-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^$ --- > echo "menuentry '$(echo "$title" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-$version-$type-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^/$submenu_inde$ 125c125 < echo "menuentry '$(echo "$os" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} --unrestricted \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^/$submenu_$ --- > echo "menuentry '$(echo "$os" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" 323c323 < echo "submenu --unrestricted '$(gettext_printf "Advanced options for %s" "${OS}" | grub_quote)' \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-$boot_device_$ --- > echo "submenu '$(gettext_printf "Advanced options for %s" "${OS}" | grub_quote)' \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-$boot_device_id' {" tl;dr: I'd love the see a simple solution for GRUB2 entries that cannot be modified without a password or are limited to certain users. (Yes, GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" is active.)

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• Is there an alternative to SDL 1.3 for a C++ game that should run on iOS and Android?

  - by futlib

  I've used SDL for many desktop games, always as the cross-platform glue for: Creating a window Processing input Rendering images Rendering fonts Playing sounds/music It has never disappointed me at those tasks. But when it comes to graphics, I prefer to work with the OpenGL API directly, even though all of our games are 2D. In the project I'm currently working on, I've made sure to only use the API subset supported by both OpenGL 1.3 and OpenGL 1.0, so making the thing run on Android should be easy, I thought. Turns out there is no official Android or iOS port of SDL yet. However, there's one in SDL 1.3, which is still in development. SDL 1.3 doesn't seem very appealing to me for three reasons: It's been in development for at least 4 years, and I have no idea when it will be done, not to mention stable. It's not ported to as many platforms as SDL 1.2. From what I've seen, it uses OpenGL for drawing, so I suppose the community will move away from directly using OpenGL. So I'm wondering if I should use a different library for our current project - it doesn't matter much if I need to port my existing code from SDL 1.2 to SDL 1.3 or to some other library. We're planning to release on Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, iOS and Android, so good support for these platforms is essential. Is there anything stable that does what I want?

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• Copy/move EBS volume from one Region to another

  - by Gnanam

  Background of our setup: We've hosted our web-based application in Amazon EC2 US East (Virginia) Region. Our instance is based on Linux distribution (CentOS) and AMI is S3-backed. 1 EBS volume (400 GB size) is attached to this instance. Question: We've planned to migrate our deployment to US West (N. California) Region. From AWS doc, I understood that for moving AMI, there is a command-line tool available - ec2-migrate-bundle. But for moving EBS volume across Region, currently there is no tool available. I'm looking for easiest and/or fastest way of copying/moving EBS volume from one Region to another. Also, are there any hidden risks involved during and/or after the migration? Experts ideas/suggestions/recommendations on this are highly appreciated.

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• how to delete protected files in ntfs?

  - by Balchev

  Hello, I want to delete old windows directory from my system drive (C) , but I am unable to due NTFS perms.I tried from Win 7 and Win 2003, but can't do it. I tried safe mode as well with same result. I there any way to work around this (other then formating the drive)? Perhaps changing the owner or something? It errors at files like "oldwin/bfsvc.exe". Is there some "superuser" in windows similar to linux root account? Thanks

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• Electricsheep Not Working in Raring 13.04

  - by Nhoeh37

  I just downloaded Electricsheep four days before I updated my Ubuntu software and I fell in love with it. After I upgraded to 13.04, I'm kind of upset in saying that Electricsheep no longer works. I have no idea how to fix it and I feel helpless with Linux. As I said, it was working completely fine in 12.10, but now with the Raring Ringtail update: I use Xscreensaver to launch Electricsheep. When I open Xscreensaver, "Electricsheep" is one of the options to choose. When I "preview" ES or even launch the "xscreensaver-demo" in the terminal, it doesn't work anymore; I get an error message. The error message says: "detected another electric sheep process. rendering of sheep is disabled using read only access." Damnit, can someone please help me? I want my trippy screensaver back, it shouldn't be this hard! EDIT: I contacted the creator of Electricsheep (Scott Draves) via the link to his email address on his personal website and asked for his assistance. Hopefully the Askubuntu community will be able to fix this problem, I'm sure I am not the only one who is having this problem as I have searched and searched.

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• Shutdown issue on persistent LiveUSB

  - by John K

  A) Downloaded Ubuntu to a Windows 7 temp directory from: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/download (Ubuntu 11.10 - Latest version / 32-bit). The output was a .iso file. B) Created a bootable USB stick using Universal USB Installer: http://www.pendrivelinux.com/universal-usb-installer-easy-as-1-2-3/. Did not select "Persistent file". Result: Tried it in a Dell Latitude D630 Dell laptop: works every time, many startups and shutdowns. C) Repeated B) but with "Persistent file" set. Works once or twice, but then, just locks on the Ubuntu splash screen. E) Downloaded LiveUSB Install from http://live.learnfree.eu/download, which created a file on Windows 7 called live-usb-install-2.3.2.exe. F) Ran the above installer with "Persistent file" to a 4GB ScanDisk (formatted) thumb drive. Result: Worked pretty good for a while. Shutdown and rebooted several times. Changed items like creating a new directories - all worked. Then: Setup an Admin account with a password and no auto login. On next reboot, it required the password and logged in correctly. Tried to shutdown via the top left icon - Shutdown menu option. Key issue: Would not shutdown, but would always go back to the login prompt. Could successfully login. Finally, shutdown (which just put me back to the login window), and hard shutdown with the power switch. Result: On reboot, just locks on the Ubuntu splash screen. Questions (note, very new to Linux): Did I shutdown wrong (I mean prior to the hard power off)? Is the persistence option very unstable, or am I doing something else completely wrong?

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• Moving data to lower sectors on an SSD without defragging

  - by David Freitag

  I bought an Intel SSD drive a while back and now I want to dual-boot with it. But for some reason there are sectors near the end of the drive filled and I can’t seem to find a way to remove the data so that I can safely shrink the partition. I know I have sectors near the end full because I am using Defraggler to analyze my drive (not to defrag it). I can see what files need to be moved/deleted but short of actually deleting some drivers and/or other necessary files, I am completely stuck. This the diskmap: I am only able to shave off that last 1.72GB of space from the drive which isn’t even enough for the most minimal Linux install.

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• A terminal emulator for ex-Windows users

  - by Dan

  There are several things I would like to be better in Ubuntu Terminal Emulator. coloring, like in the source code Copy and paste keyboard shortcuts that I used all the time in Windows: Ctrl-C and Ctrl-V (Most of people here in Ubuntu use Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V keyboard shortcuts to copy and paste everywhere except the terminal! I think it's annoying for newcomers, and I don't worry about historical reasons) A feature to save all the output to log file UPDATE: Can the terminal be a powerful feature-full user-friendly tool like a modern IDE? The Linux user can spend 30% of time in the terminal. Programmers no longer code in a notepad. Can I see the history pane? Suggestions? Directory pane? Commands list? Search for words in an output? Contextual behavior? "Search in Google" for a mouse right-click. Tips and tricks learning? Time is money! Please, people, give me a link to the 21st - century terminal.

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• How to run multiple distros using lvm

  - by Mark

  I've seen quite a few posts around about running multiple distros but not sure they apply to using LVM (and without Windows). I'm using a machine that's about 3 years old. Setup: Intel Core i7 2.8GHz 8GB Ram 1TB SATA HDD At this point, I'd like to install 12.10 and Mint 14, leaving the option open to install additional distros down the road. I could be way off, but I'm thinking about creating at least 2 primary /boot partitions (1 for 12.10 and 1 for Mint) and another partition for LVM leaving room for additional /boot partitions. Then creating a VG and separate LVs for Ubuntu 12.10 and Linux Mint 14. I understand I can share partitions between the 2 installs, but I'm only using this for testing and I have tons of space to play with. LVM seemed logical considering I may want to install and test additional distros. I guess I could share the /swap partition across the board without problems, right? I'm unclear about GRUB2. How do I handle the bootloader situation? Install 12.10 and get it running then make changes to grub.cfg after installing Mint? And do I not install GRUB for Mint or do I install it in a different location? Any guidance would be appreciated.

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• Problem with bios update on Intel S3420GP

  - by wurlog

  I am using the Intel Develepment Assistant CD, but after choosing the newest update I can see a red text but just for a second. Afterwards it tells me to reboot, but it is still the same bios version as before. I can't find access the error message. The whole software seams to be a linux. Maybe I can access a console and look into the log files?? Or are there other solutions to update the bios? EDIT: I tried to download the bios/firmware update packages (using it via network share, because the usb stick wouldn't work), but the software wont use it.

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• x11 looks ugly while opening a remote window from ssh. Can I use GTK themes?

  - by Simon

  I use to connect to a distant computer running linux from my mac using ssh. For example I use: $ ssh -Y login@host then $ gnome-open . in order to open a nautilus window. This window do open but it looks ugly. I found here that one can install GTK themes through Macports. I installed gtk2-aurora and gtk-chtheme and chose the aurora theme successfully, but my remote windows still look ugly. Is this theme (or others) working for remote windows or is it only for local x11 windows? Is there a way to improve the look and feel of remote windows?

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• Launcher icons are invisible after upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04

  - by Clo Knibbe

  I am re-purposing an old laptop. I installed 11.10 on it and then immediately upgraded to 12.04. (I could not directly install 12.04 as my system does not support PAE.) When my system was (briefly) 11.10, the desktop appeared as expected. However, after the upgrade to 12.04, the icons in the launcher area are invisible. If I hover over the spot where the icon should be the little popup window showing the tool's name appears, and I can click to invoke the tool. I just cannot see the icons. ![invisible icons in launcher][1] The icons do appear as expected in other contexts, for example in the Home folder and in Dash Home. My theme is "Ambiance (default)" I do not have a ~/.icons folder. This is the top level contents of /usr/share/icons: default DMZ-Black DMZ-White gnome handhelds hicolor HighContrast HighContrastInverse Humanity Humanity-Dark locolor LoginIcons LowContrast redglass ubuntu-mono-dark ubuntu-mono-light unity-icon-theme whiteglass (Sorry for the poor formatting, can't get it to show in list.) I suspect that the launcher isn't looking for the icons in the right place, but I don't know how to confirm that, or how to correct. This is my first foray into Linux, although I used to use Unix a few decades ago. This doesn't look much like my old Sun workstation, though! Does anyone have any suggestions or insights for me? Thanks.

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• Optimum number of threads while multitasking

  - by Gun Deniz

  I know similar questions have been asked but I think my case is a little bit diffrent. Let's say I have a computer with 8 cores and infinite memory with a Linux OS. I have a calculation software called Gaussian that can take advantage of multithreading. So I set its thread count to 8 for a single calculation for maximum speed. However I really can't decide what to do when I need to do run for instance 8 calculations simultaneously. In that case should I set the thread count to 1(total 8 threads spawned in 8 processes) or keep it 8(total 64 threads spawned in 8 processes) for each job? Does it really matter much? A related question is does the OS automatically does the core-parking to diffrent cores for each thread?

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• Windows Server 2008: Limit UDP/TCP packets per IP or ban

  - by WBAR

  How I can limit UDP/TCP packets per IP send to my host (or better PORT) per second or minute ? Would be nice to ban that IP for 12/24 hours or even for ever. I got Windows Server 2008 and I'm very poor in Windows administration but quite good in Linux. EDIT: By basic problem is that They sending a lot of rubbish UPD and TCP packets.. TCP packets without SYNCH, fragmented UDP packets so my servers stop responding.. So I need to cut off users (IPs) sending more than X packets per second. I need solution witch provides me, somehow, configurable: X packets of certain type (UDP, TCP or both - lets say parameter named Z ) are allowed to be received by IP on Y port, otherwise this packet should be DROPPED. My virtual hosts are hosted by VirtualBox and I'm able to forward all incoming packets certain type and certain port to the specific Virtual Host, but I need to DROP them before my VirtualBox receive them.

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