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• Supporting multiple instances of a plugin DLL with global data

  - by Bruno De Fraine

  Context: I converted a legacy standalone engine into a plugin component for a composition tool. Technically, this means that I compiled the engine code base to a C DLL which I invoke from a .NET wrapper using P/Invoke; the wrapper implements an interface defined by the composition tool. This works quite well, but now I receive the request to load multiple instances of the engine, for different projects. Since the engine keeps the project data in a set of global variables, and since the DLL with the engine code base is loaded only once, loading multiple projects means that the project data is overwritten. I can see a number of solutions, but they all have some disadvantages: You can create multiple DLLs with the same code, which are seen as different DLLs by Windows, so their code is not shared. Probably this already works if you have multiple copies of the engine DLL with different names. However, the engine is invoked from the wrapper using DllImport attributes and I think the name of the engine DLL needs to be known when compiling the wrapper. Obviously, if I have to compile different versions of the wrapper for each project, this is quite cumbersome. The engine could run as a separate process. This means that the wrapper would launch a separate process for the engine when it loads a project, and it would use some form of IPC to communicate with this process. While this is a relatively clean solution, it requires some effort to get working, I don't now which IPC technology would be best to set-up this kind of construction. There may also be a significant overhead of the communication: the engine needs to frequently exchange arrays of floating-point numbers. The engine could be adapted to support multiple projects. This means that the global variables should be put into a project structure, and every reference to the globals should be converted to a corresponding reference that is relative to a particular project. There are about 20-30 global variables, but as you can imagine, these global variables are referenced from all over the code base, so this conversion would need to be done in some automatic manner. A related problem is that you should be able to reference the "current" project structure in all places, but passing this along as an extra argument in each and every function signature is also cumbersome. Does there exist a technique (in C) to consider the current call stack and find the nearest enclosing instance of a relevant data value there? Can the stackoverflow community give some advice on these (or other) solutions?

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• Remapping design issue

  - by Sirupsen

  Hello, I'm currently developing a Ruby Gem and I'm a bit lost on the design currently. Basically, I'm remapping some APIs, so my skeleton is something like this: module MyApp module SomeApi class Function > Base::Function ... end class Function2 > Base::Function2 ... end ... end module SomeApi2 ... end class RemappedFunction def initalize # set some values and stuf ... end def remapped_method # Problem: # How would I know, if I should take contact to # SomeApi, or SomeApi2? end end def interact_with(api) # What would be the best way of letting RemappedFunction # know which API to use? end end someapi2 = MyApp.interact_with(:someapi2) someapi2.remapped_method Any ideas?

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• Rails link from one model to another based on db field?

  - by Danny McClelland

  Hi Everyone, I have a company model and a person model with the following relationships: class Company < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :kases has_many :people def to_s; companyname; end end class Person < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :kases # foreign key in join table belongs_to :company end In the create action for the person, I have a select box with a list of the companies, which assigns a company_id to that person's record: <%= f.select :company_id, Company.all.collect {|m| [m.companyname, m.id]} %> In the show view for the person I can list the company name as follows: <%=h @person.company.companyname %> What I am trying to work out, is how do I make that a link to the company record? I have tried: <%= link_to @person.company.companyname %> but that just outputs the company name inside a href tag but links to the current page. Thanks, Danny

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• Is multi-level polymorphism possible in SQLAlchemy?

  - by Jace

  Is it possible to have multi-level polymorphism in SQLAlchemy? Here's an example: class Entity(Base): __tablename__ = 'entities' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, nullable=False) entity_type = Column(Unicode(20), nullable=False) __mapper_args__ = {'polymorphic_on': entity_type} class File(Entity): __tablename__ = 'files' id = Column(None, ForeignKey('entities.id'), primary_key=True) filepath = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False) file_type = Column(Unicode(20), nullable=False) __mapper_args__ = {'polymorphic_identity': u'file', 'polymorphic_on': file_type) class Image(File): __mapper_args__ = {'polymorphic_identity': u'image'} __tablename__ = 'images' id = Column(None, ForeignKey('files.id'), primary_key=True) width = Column(Integer) height = Column(Integer) When I call Base.metadata.create_all(), SQLAlchemy raises the following error: NotImplementedError: Can't generate DDL for the null type IntegrityError: (IntegrityError) entities.entity_type may not be NULL. This error goes away if I remove the Image model and the polymorphic_on key in File. What gives? (Edited: the exception raised was wrong.)

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• Using named_scope with counts of child models

  - by Joe Cairns

  Hi, I have a simple parent object having many children. I'm trying to figure out how to use a named scope for bringing back just parents with specific numbers of children. Is this possible? class Foo < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :bars named_scope :with_no_bars, ... # count of bars == 0 named_scope :with_one_bar, ... # count of bars == 1 named_scope :with_more_than_one_bar, ... # count of bars > 1 end class Bar < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :foo end I'm hoping to do something like Foo.with_one_bar I could write methods on the parent class for something like this, but I'd rather have the power of the named scope

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• Ruby on Rails and database associations

  - by Marco

  Hi to all, I'm new to the Ruby world, and there is something unclear to me in defining associations between models. The question is: where is the association saved? For example, if i create a Customer model by executing: generate model Customer name:string age:integer and then i create an Order model generate model Order description:text quantity:integer and then i set the association in the following way: class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :orders end class Order < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :customer end I think here is missing something, for example the foreign key between the two entities. How does it handle the associations created with the keywords "has_many" and "belongs_to" ? Thanks

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• Tortoise Check-in error Checksum mismatch

  - by coffeeaddict

  I cannot figure out why I get this error during check-in. I checked in successful only a few hours ago so not sure why now it's complaining Error: Commit failed (details follow): Error: Checksum mismatch for Error: 'C:\sss\sss\trunk\xxxx\.svn\text-base\Header.ascx.svn-base'; expected: Error: '3cee96f580409a1711a47541a07860dd', actual: 'a5fc0f8819b88bf32ab38d4c9a6b0654' Error: Try a 'Cleanup'. If that doesn't work you need to do a fresh checkout. I got latest and also performed a clean-up which said successful so not sure what else to do.

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• Array::include? on ActiveRecord collection not calling op== ?

  - by tribalvibes

  Given a collection of named Foos from ActiveRecord, why does Array.include? not seem to call Foo.== but yet index does? class Foo < ActiveRecord::Base def ==(s) self.name == s end end class Bar < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :foos end bar.foos << Foo.new( :name = 'hmm' ) bar.foos.all.include?('hmm') # does select all from db every time = true bar.foos.include?('hmm') # does not go to db, but does not find the Foo! = false bar.foos.index('hmm') # does not go to db, but does find the Foo[0] ! = 0 bar.foos.index('eh') # no such object = nil I understand shallow about the proxies, but (without a detour into the AR source) why is index seemingly behaving correctly but include? is not !? Is this a bug in the proxy behavior, and/or is this behavior documented somewhere ? Thanks.

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• In Sinatra, best way to serve iPhone layout vs. normal layout?

  - by Doug

  I'm writing a Sinatra app which needs to render different layouts based on whether the user is using an iPhone or a regular browser. I can detect the browser type using Rack-Mobile-Detect but I'm not sure of the best way to tell Sinatra which layout to use. Also, I have a feeling that how I choose to do this may also break page caching. Is that true? Example code: require 'sinatra/base' require 'haml' require 'rack/mobile-detect' class Orca < Sinatra::Base use Rack::MobileDetect helpers do def choose_layout if request.env['X_MOBILE_DEVICE'] == :iPhone # use iPhone layout else # use normal layout end end end before do # should I use a before filter? choose_layout() end get '/' do haml :home # with proper layout end end #Class Orca

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• ASP.Net Roles: Page-Level Security Question

  - by jlrolin

  We're currently in the process of re-creating a brand new security model that dwarfs our existing process. Right now, we plan on grabbing a user's roles during the login process and then using a Base Page class to check if the user has the role of the corresponding page the user is navigating to. We can limit the menu's options by the user's roles as well, but we have had problems with users navigating to pages in our system by typing them in or having old bookmarks. Obviously, we need some sort of page level access. A simple function in our Base Page class that checks the role in the Arraylist against the page's assigned role would work, but I was wondering if there was any built-in functionality to support this or a cleaner solution possibly.

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• Drawing information from relational databases in Rails

  - by Trip

  I am trying to pull the name of the Artist from the Albums database. These are my two models class Album < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :artist validates_presence_of :title validates_length_of :title, :minimum => 5 end class Artist < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :albums end And here is the Albums Controller def index @ albums = Album.all respond_to do |format| format.html # index.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @albums } end end And the View from the index: <% @albums.each do |album| %> <tr> <td><%=h album.id %></td> <td><%=h album.title %></td> <td><%=h album.artist.name %></td> </tr <% end %> My end result html is coming out like this for the artist field! # and if i set it to artist.name I get this: undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass

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• What are the best AJAX development tools?

  - by Dan

  Hi there, can anyone please help me to identify the best AJAX development IDE or tools base on the advantages and disadvantages? Thank you

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• Account confirmation email sent as SPAM :( PHP

  - by praveen

  Hi, I'm using PHPMailer to send a confirmation email for newly registered users in my social network. But i found out most of them have ended up in user's spam list. (hotmail and yahoo). How to avoid this? This is my script $mail=new PHPMailer(); $mail->IsSMTP(); $mail->SMTPAuth = mSMTPAuth(); $mail->SMTPSecure = mSMTPSecure(); $mail->Host = mHost(); $mail->Port = mPort(); $mail->Username = mUsername(); $mail->Password = mPassword(); $mail->From = mFrom(); $mail->FromName = "SiteName"; $mail->Subject = "SiteName New Account Activation"; $mail->IsHTML(true); $mail->WordWrap = 50; $mail->Body = "<h2>Welcome to " .$sitename. " " .$username. "! </h2><br><br>"; $mail->Body .= "Please click on the link below to verify your email address:<br><br>"; $mail->Body .= "<a href='".$base. "verify.php?a=" .$gen_key."'>".$base. "verify.php?a=" .$gen_key."</a>"; $mail->Body .= "<br><br>Regards<br>"; $mail->AltBody = "Welcome to " .$sitename. " " .$username. "!\n\nTo verify your email address, please click on the link below:\n\n".$base. "verify.php?a=" .$gen_key; $mail->AddAddress($email); $mail->Send(); $mail->ClearAddresses(); Please help. This is really confusing. Thanks in advance

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• Why are some VB6 DLLs loaded as mapped files?

  - by Mark Bertenshaw

  Hi - A colleague of mine, whilst trying to figure out the memory useage of our VB6 / C# 2.0 application noticed that a minority of VB6 DLLs have two entries in the SysInternals Process Explorer application. All DLLs have an entry for Mapping = Image, and a specified base address. However, a few also have an entry for Mapping = Data, with a base address of zero, and a much smaller memory useage. I seem to remember something about using mapped memory files to share memory between processes, but we are definitely not doing something as interesting as this. All communication between EXEs is done via COM, and as far as I know, nobody has written a shared memory component. This is not desperate, but I would be very interested in any suggestions as to why some DLLs are loaded as mapped file Thanks, Mark Bertenshaw

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• Approach for altering Primary Key from GUID to BigInt in SQL Server related tables

  - by Tom

  I have two tables with 10-20 million rows that have GUID primary keys and at leat 12 tables related via foreign key. The base tables have 10-20 indexes each. We are moving from GUID to BigInt primary keys. I'm wondering if anyone has any suggestions on an approach. Right now this is the approach I'm pondering: Drop all indexes and fkeys on all the tables involved. Add 'NewPrimaryKey' column to each table Make the key identity on the two base tables Script the data change "update table x, set NewPrimaryKey = y where OldPrimaryKey = z Rename the original primarykey to 'oldprimarykey' Rename the 'NewPrimaryKey' column 'PrimaryKey' Script back all the indexes and fkeys Does this seem like a good approach? Does anyone know of a tool or script that would help with this? TD: Edited per additional information. See this blog post that addresses an approach when the GUID is the Primary: http://www.sqlmag.com/blogs/sql-server-questions-answered/sql-server-questions-answered/tabid/1977/entryid/12749/Default.aspx

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• How do I make this ASP.NET MVC controller more testable?

  - by Ragesh

  I have a controller that overrides OnActionExecuting and does something like this: protected override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext); string tenantDomain = filterContext.RouteData.Values["tenantDomain"] as string; if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(tenantDomain)) { using (var tx = BeginTransaction()) { this.Tenant = repo.FindOne(t => t.Domain == tenantDomain); } } } Tenant is a protected property with a private setter. The class itself is an abstract base controller that my real controllers derive from. I have code in other controllers that looks a lot like this: if (Tenant == null) { // Do something } else { // Do something else } How do I test this code? What I need to do is to somehow set the Tenant property, but I can't because: It's a protected property, and It has a private setter Changing the visibility of Tenant doesn't "feel" right. What are my alternatives to unit test my derived controllers?

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• How to change position of inherited items in an Inherited user control

  - by Yalda

  I have used a user control as a base class (let's call it BaseUC) with 3 labels (in 3 lines) on it (they are set as protected). And there is another user control that inherits from it (InheritedUC). I have added two more labels in InheritedUC, which are positioned between the base's labels (so there are 5 lines). Everything is fine is Visiual Studio's design UI view. But when I run the application, labels on BaseUC overlap with the ones in InheritedUC and I can't see the ones on the inherited control. Any ideas to fix this? Thank you very much

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• Methodology for a Rails app

  - by Aaron Vegh

  I'm undertaking a rather large conversion from a legacy database-driven Windows app to a Rails app. Because of the large number of forms and database tables involved, I want to make sure I've got the right methodology before getting too far. My chief concern is minimizing the amount of code I have to write. There are many models that interact together, and I want to make sure I'm using them correctly. Here's a simplified set of models: class Patient < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :PatientAddresses has_many :PatientFileStatuses end class PatientAddress < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :Patient end class PatientFileStatus < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :Patient end The controller determines if there's a Patient selected; everything else is based on that. In the view, I will be needing data from each of these models. But it seems like I have to write an instance variable in my controller for every attribute that I want to use. So I start writing code like this: @patient = Patient.find(session[:patient]) @patient_addresses = @patient.PatientAddresses @patient_file_statuses = @patient.PatientFileStatuses @enrollment_received_when = @patient_file_statuses[0].EnrollmentReceivedWhen @consent_received = @patient_file_statuses[0].ConsentReceived @consent_received_when = @patient_file_statuses[0].ConsentReceivedWhen The first three lines grab the Patient model and its relations. The next three lines are examples of my providing values to the view from one of those relations. The view has a combination of text fields and select fields to show the data above. For example: <%= select("patientfilestatus", "ConsentReceived", {"val1"="val1", "val2"="val2", "Written"="Written"}, :include_blank=true )% <%= calendar_date_select_tag "patient_file_statuses[EnrollmentReceivedWhen]", @enrollment_complete_when, :popup=:force % (BTW, the select tag isn't really working; I think I have to use collection_select?) My questions are: Do I have to manually declare the value of every instance variable in the controller, or can/should I do it within the view? What is the proper technique for displaying a select tag for data that's not the primary model? When I go to save changes to this form, will I have to manually pick out the attributes for each model and save them individually? Or is there a way to name the fields such that ActiveRecord does the right thing? Thanks in advance, Aaron.

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• Getting child elements that are related to a parent in same table

  - by Madawar

  I have the following database schema class posts(Base): __tablename__ = 'xposts' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) class Comments(Base): __tablename__ = 'comments' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) comment_parent_id=Column(Integer,unique=True) #comment_id fetches comment of a comment ie the comment_parent_id comment_id=Column(Integer,default=None) comment_text=Column(String(200)) Values in database are 1 12 NULL Hello First comment 2 NULL 12 First Sub comment I want to fetch all Comments and sub comments of a post using sqlalchemy and have this so far qry=session.query(Comments).filter(Comments.comment_parent_id!=None) print qry.count() Is there a way i can fetch the all the subcomments of a comment in a query i have tried outerjoin on the same table(comments) and it seemed stupid and it failed.

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• Eclipse+Subversive- Multiple src paths in a single project each from a separate parts of a single re

  - by guinaut

  In a nutshell, I would like to have a single eclipse project with multiple src directories each managed by subversive (or subclipse). If the code base were small, I would use several projects. However, the code base is not small (50+ src paths). Does anyone know how to do this with the Subversion plugins for eclipse? All of the src paths derive from modules that in turn have a common point node in the repository. However, the modules are versioned, so I can’t checkout all of them. It looks as though Subclipse and Subversive do not support multiple src paths. Can anyone confirm this? Solutions?

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• SortList duplicated key, but it shouldn't

  - by Luca

  I have a class which implements IList interface. I requires a "sorted view" of this list, but without modifying it (I cannot sort directly the IList class). These view shall be updated when the original list is modified, keeping items sorted. So, I've introduced a SortList creation method which create a SortList which has a comparer for the specific object contained in the original list. Here is the snippet of code: public class MyList<T> : ICollection, IList<T> { ... public SortedList CreateSortView(string property) { try { Lock(); SortListView sortView; if (mSortListViews.ContainsKey(property) == false) { // Create sorted view sortView = new SortListView(property, Count); mSortListViews.Add(property, sortView); foreach (T item in Items) sortView.Add(item); } else sortView = mSortListViews[property]; sortView.ReferenceCount++; return (sortView); } finally { Unlock(); } } public void DeleteSortView(string property) { try { Lock(); // Unreference sorted view mSortListViews[property].ReferenceCount--; // Remove sorted view if (mSortListViews[property].ReferenceCount == 0) mSortListViews.Remove(property); } finally { Unlock(); } } protected class SortListView : SortedList { /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="property"></param> /// <param name="capacity"></param> public SortListView(string property, int capacity) : base(new GenericPropertyComparer(typeof(T).GetProperty(property, BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public)), capacity) { } /// <summary> /// Reference count. /// </summary> public int ReferenceCount = 0; /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="item"></param> public void Add(T item) { Add(item, item); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="item"></param> public void Remove(T item) { // Base implementation base.Remove(item); } /// <summary> /// Compare object on a generic property. /// </summary> class GenericPropertyComparer : IComparer { #region Constructors /// <summary> /// Construct a GenericPropertyComparer specifying the property to compare. /// </summary> /// <param name="property"> /// A <see cref="PropertyInfo"/> which specify the property to be compared. /// </param> /// <remarks> /// The <paramref name="property"/> parameter imply that the compared objects have the specified property. The property /// must be readable, and its type must implement the IComparable interface. /// </remarks> public GenericPropertyComparer(PropertyInfo property) { if (property == null) throw new ArgumentException("property doesn't specify a valid property"); if (property.CanRead == false) throw new ArgumentException("property specify a write-only property"); if (property.PropertyType.GetInterface("IComparable") == null) throw new ArgumentException("property type doesn't IComparable"); mSortingProperty = property; } #endregion #region IComparer Implementation public int Compare(object x, object y) { IComparable propX = (IComparable)mSortingProperty.GetValue(x, null); IComparable propY = (IComparable)mSortingProperty.GetValue(y, null); return (propX.CompareTo(propY)); } /// <summary> /// Sorting property. /// </summary> private PropertyInfo mSortingProperty = null; #endregion } } /// <summary> /// Sorted views of this ReactList. /// </summary> private Dictionary<string, SortListView> mSortListViews = new Dictionary<string, SortListView>(); } Practically, class users request to create a SortListView specifying the name of property which determine the sorting, and using the reflection each SortListView defined a IComparer which keep sorted the items. Whenever an item is added or removed from the original list, every created SortListView will be updated with the same operation. This seems good at first chance, but it creates me problems since it give me the following exception when adding items to the SortList: System.ArgumentException: Item has already been added. Key in dictionary: 'PowerShell_ISE [C:\Windows\sysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\PowerShell_ISE.exe]' Key being added: 'PowerShell_ISE [C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\PowerShell_ISE.exe]' As you can see from the exception message, thrown by SortedListView.Add(object), the string representation of the key (the list item object) is different (note the path of the executable). Why SortList give me that exception? To solve this I tried to implement a GetHashCode implementation for the underlying object, but without success: public override int GetHashCode() { return ( base.GetHashCode() ^ mApplicationName.GetHashCode() ^ mApplicationPath.GetHashCode() ^ mCommandLine.GetHashCode() ^ mWorkingDirectory.GetHashCode() ); }

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• Rails Named Scope and overlapping conditions

  - by Tumtu

  Hi everyone, have a question about rails SQL generation: class Organization < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :people named_scope :active, :conditions => { :active => 'Yes' } end class Person < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :organization end Rails SQL for all active people in the first organiztion Organization.first.people.active.all [4;36;1mOrganization Load (0.0ms)[0m [0;1mSELECT TOP 1 * FROM [organizations] [0m [4;35;1mPerson Load (0.0ms)[0m [0mSELECT * FROM [people] WHERE ((([people].[active] = 'Yes') AND ([people].organization_id = 1)) AND ([people].organization_id = 1)) [0m Why Rails generates "[people].organization_id = 1" condition twice ? Does someone know how to make it DRY ? e.g. SELECT * FROM [people] WHERE (([people].[active] = 'Yes') AND ([people].organization_id = 1))

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• Can't destroy record in many-to-many relationship

  - by Dmart

  I'm new to Rails, so I'm sure I've made a simple mistake. I've set up a many-to-many relationship between two models: User and Group. They're connected through the junction model GroupMember. Here are my models (removed irrelevant stuff): class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :group_members has_many :groups, :through => :group_members end class GroupMember < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :group belongs_to :user end class Group < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :group_members has_many :users, :through => :group_members end The table for GroupMembers contains additional information about the relationship, so I didn't use has_and_belongs_to_many (as per the Rails "Active Record Associations" guide). The problem I'm having is that I can't destroy a GroupMember. Here's the output from rails console: irb(main):006:0> m = GroupMember.new => #<GroupMember group_id: nil, user_id: nil, active: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> irb(main):007:0> m.group_id =1 => 1 irb(main):008:0> m.user_id = 16 => 16 irb(main):009:0> m.save => true irb(main):010:0> m.destroy NoMethodError: undefined method `eq' for nil:NilClass from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.4/lib/active_support/whiny_nil.rb:48:in `method_missing' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/persistence.rb:79:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb:110:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:260:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:413:in `_run_destroy_callbacks' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:260:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:235:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:292:in `with_transaction_returning_status' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:139:in `transaction' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:207:in `transaction' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:290:in `with_transaction_returning_status' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:235:in `destroy' from (irb):10 This is driving me crazy, so any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• c++ "interface"-like classes similar to Java?

  - by William the Coderer

  In Java, you can define an interface as a class with no actual code implementation, but only to define the methods that a class must implement. Those types can be passed as parameters to methods and returned from methods. In C++, a pure virtual class can't be used as a parameter or return type, from what I can tell. Any way to mimic Java's interface classes? I have a string class in C++, and several subclasses for different encodings (like UTFxxx, ISOxxx, etc) that derive from the base string class. However, since there are so many different encodings, the base class has no meaningful implementation. But it would serve well as an interface if I could handle it as its own object and calls to that object would call on the correct subclass it was inherited to.

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• How to implement a TypeConverter for a type and property I don't own?

  - by CannibalSmith

  This is annoying: <GeometryDrawing> <GeometryDrawing.Pen> <Pen Brush="Black"/> </GeometryDrawing.Pen> </GeometryDrawing> I want this: <GeometryDrawing Pen="Black"/> So I write a TypeConverter: public class PenConverter : TypeConverter { static readonly BrushConverter brushConverter = new BrushConverter(); public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type sourceType) { if (sourceType == typeof(string)) return true; return base.CanConvertFrom(context, sourceType); } public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, CultureInfo culture, object value) { var s = value as string; if (a != null) { var brush = brushConverter.ConvertFromInvariantString(s) as Brush; return new Pen(brush, 1); } return base.ConvertFrom(context, culture, value); } } Now, how do I link it up with the Pen type? I can't just add a TypeConverterAttribute to it as I don't own it (nor do I own GeometryDrawing.Pen property).

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