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  • Can isdigit legitimately be locale dependent in C

    - by cdev
    In the section covering setlocale, the ANSI C standard states in a footnote that the only ctype.h functions whose behaviour is not affected by the current locale are isdigit and isxdigit. The Microsoft implementation of isdigit is locale dependent because, for example, in locales using code page 1250 isdigit only returns non-zero for characters in the range 0x30 ('0') - 0x39 ('9'), whereas in locales using code page 1252 isdigit also returns non-zero for the superscript digits 0xB2 ('²'), 0xB3 ('³') and 0xB9 ('¹'). Is Microsoft in violation of the C standard by making isdigit locale dependent? In this question I am primarily interested in C90, which Microsoft claims to conform to, rather than C99. Additional background: Microsoft's own documentation of setlocale incorrectly states that isdigit is unaffected by the LC_CTYPE part of the locale. The section of the C standard that covers the ctype.h functions contains some wording that I consider ambiguous: "The behavior of these functions is affected by the current locale. Those functions that have locale-specific aspects only when not in the "C" locale are noted below." I consider this ambiguous because it is unclear what it is trying to say about functions such as isdigit for which there are no notes about locale-specific aspects. It might be trying to say that such functions must be assumed to be locale dependent, in which case Microsoft's implementation of isdigit would be OK. (Except that the footnote I mentioned earlier seems to contradict this interpretation.)

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  • Decimal To Octal Converter, last digit issue

    - by Srishan Supertramp
    I tried making a C program to convert a user entered decimal number to octal. I wrote the C code with my own logic without any research of how other users try to do it. It works fine for the number 601 and some other numbers but for most numbers it returns the octal equivalent with the last digit being 1 less than it should be. For 75 it returns 112 instead of 113. I realize using printf with %o gets the job done but it's kind of defeating the purpose of learning to program. Here's my code: #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> /* converting decimal to octal */ int main() { int n,x,y,p,s; printf("Enter a decimal number "); scanf("%d",&x); s=0;p=0; while (x!=0) { y=x%8; s=s+y*pow(10,p); x=(x-y)/8; p=p+1; } printf("the octal equivalent is: %d\n",s); getch(); return 0; }

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  • Haskell quiz: a simple function

    - by levy
    I'm not a Haskell programmer, but I'm curious about the following questions. Informal function specification: Let MapProduct be a function that takes a function called F and multiple lists. It returns a list containing the results of calling F with one argument from each list in each possible combination. Example: Call MapProduct with F being a function that simply returns a list of its arguments, and two lists. One of the lists contains the integers 1 and 2, the other one contains the strings "a" and "b". It should return a list that contains the lists: 1 and "a", 1 and "b", 2 and "a", 2 and "b". Questions: How is MapProduct implemented? What is the function's type? What is F's type? Can one guess what the function does just by looking at its type? Can you handle inhomogeneous lists as input? (e.g. 1 and "a" in one of the input lists) What extra limitation (if any) do you need to introduce to implement MapProduct?

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  • assembling an object graph without an ORM -- in the service layer or data layer?

    - by Hans Gruber
    At my current gig, our persistence layer uses IBatis going against SQL Server stored procedures (puke). IMHO, this approach has many disadvantages over the use of a "true" ORM such NHibernate or EF, but the one I'm trying to address here revolves around all the boilerplate code needed to map data from a result set into an object graph. Say I have the following DTO object graph I want to return to my presentation layer: IEnumerable<CustomerDTO> |--> IEnumerable<AddressDTO> |--> LatestOrderDTO The way I've implemented this is to have a discrete method in my DAO class to return each IEnumerable<*DTO>, and then have my service class be responsible for orchestrating the calls to the DAO. It then returns the fully assembled object graph to the client: public class SomeService(){ public SomeService(IDao someDao){ this._someDao = someDao; } public IEnumerable<CustomerDTO> ListCustomersForHistory(int brokerId){ var customers = _someDao.ListCustomersForBroker(brokerId); foreach (customer in customers){ customer.Addresses = someDao.ListCustomersAddresses(brokerId); customer.LatestOrder = someDao.GetCustomerLatestOrder(brokerId); } } return customers; } My question is should this logic belong in the service layer or the should I make my DAO such that it instead returns the assembled object graph. If I was using NHibernate, I assume that this kind of relationship association between objects comes for "free"?

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  • How to test a Grails Service that utilizes a criteria query (with spock)?

    - by user569825
    I am trying to test a simple service method. That method mainly just returns the results of a criteria query for which I want to test if it returns the one result or not (depending on what is queried for). The problem is, that I am unaware of how to right the corresponding test correctly. I am trying to accomplish it via spock, but doing the same with any other way of testing also fails. Can one tell me how to amend the test in order to make it work for the task at hand? (BTW I'd like to keep it a unit test, if possible.) The EventService Method public HashSet<Event> listEventsForDate(Date date, int offset, int max) { date.clearTime() def c = Event.createCriteria() def results = c { and { le("startDate", date+1) // starts tonight at midnight or prior? ge("endDate", date) // ends today or later? } maxResults(max) order("startDate", "desc") } return results } The Spock Specification package myapp import grails.plugin.spock.* import spock.lang.* class EventServiceSpec extends Specification { def event def eventService = new EventService() def setup() { event = new Event() event.publisher = Mock(User) event.title = 'et' event.urlTitle = 'ut' event.details = 'details' event.location = 'location' event.startDate = new Date(2010,11,20, 9, 0) event.endDate = new Date(2011, 3, 7,18, 0) } def "list the Events of a specific date"() { given: "An event ranging over multiple days" when: "I look up a date for its respective events" def results = eventService.listEventsForDate(searchDate, 0, 100) then: "The event is found or not - depending on the requested date" numberOfResults == results.size() where: searchDate | numberOfResults new Date(2010,10,19) | 0 // one day before startDate new Date(2010,10,20) | 1 // at startDate new Date(2010,10,21) | 1 // one day after startDate new Date(2011, 1, 1) | 1 // someday during the event range new Date(2011, 3, 6) | 1 // one day before endDate new Date(2011, 3, 7) | 1 // at endDate new Date(2011, 3, 8) | 0 // one day after endDate } } The Error groovy.lang.MissingMethodException: No signature of method: static myapp.Event.createCriteria() is applicable for argument types: () values: [] at myapp.EventService.listEventsForDate(EventService.groovy:47) at myapp.EventServiceSpec.list the Events of a specific date(EventServiceSpec.groovy:29)

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  • Rails: RESTful Find, Initialize, or Create

    - by Andrew
    I have an app that has Cities in it. I'm looking for some suggestions on how to RESTfully structure a controller so that I can lookup, initialize, and create city records via AJAX requests. For instance: Given a text field city_name A user enters the name of a City, like "Paris, France" The app checks this location to see if there is such a city in the database already If there is, it returns the city object If there is not, it returns a new record initialized with the name "Paris" and the country "France", and prompts the user to confirm they want to add this city to the database If the user says "Yes" the record is saved. If not the record is discarded and the form is cleared. Now, my first approach was to change the Create action to use find_or_create, so that an AJAX post to cities_path would result in either returning the existing city or creating it and returning it. That works ok... However, it would be better to setup controller actions that would take a string input, find , or else initialize and return, then only create if the user confirms the generated record is correct. The ideal scenario would put this all in one action so AJAX request can go to that url, the server responds with JSON objects, and javascript can handle things from there. I'd like to keep all the user-interaction logic client side, and also minimize the number of requests it takes to achieve this. Any suggestions on the cleanest, most RESTful way to accomplish this?

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  • Convert enumeration to string

    - by emptyheaded
    I am trying to build a function that converts an item from an enum to its corresponding string. The enums I use are fairly long, so I didn't want to use a switch-case. I found a method using boost::unordered_map very convenient, but I don't know how to make a default return (when there is no item matching the enum). const boost::unordered_map<enum_type, const std::string> enumToString = boost::assign::map_list_of (data_1, "data_1") (data_2, "data_2"); I tried to create an additional function: std::string convert(enum_type entry) { if (enumToString.find(entry)) // not sure what test to place here, return enumToString.at(entry); //because the find method returns an iter else return "invalid_value"; } I even tried something exceedingly wrong: std::string convert(enum_type entry) { try{ return enumToString.at(entry); } catch(...){ return "invalid_value"; } } Result: evil "Debug" runtime error. Can somebody give me a suggestion on how to either 1) find an easier method to convert enum to a string with the same name as the enum item 2) find a way to use already built boost methods to get a default value from a hash map (best option) 3) find what to place in the test to use a function that returns either the pair of the key-value, or a different string if the key is not found in the map. Thank you very much.

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  • Problem: Movie Clip contains just one frame

    - by Doug
    I'm a newbie at Flash, so started playing with a pretty standard code sample: one layer contains a movie clip with a flying rectangle, another layer has a button to control it. All script code is in Main.as file. The rectangle was named square1 through the Property window. Here is the problem: the constructor for Main has a line: square1.stop(); to prevent clip from playing, but it doesn't help - it plays. I know the constructor fires, because it has trace("stuff") in it. The code does check that the stage has been created. What strange is that square1.currentFrame always returns 1, and square1.totalFrames returns 1 as well. The layer has 24 frames on the timeline. I tried a tween with just 2 keyframes, then converted whole tween into frames - same result. I mean, the thing is flying before my eyes, how can it be 1 frame??? I even added a listener: square1.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onFrameChange); The event fires all the time, i.e. the frames change, but currentFrame is still 1. Also, tried to name individual frames and use square1.gotoAndStop("begin") and stuff like that. Nothing helps. I am really stuck with this stupid problem.

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  • Doxygen including methods twice doc files

    - by Maarek
    I'm having this issue where doxygen is adding the method twice in the documentation file. Is there a setting that stops auto-generation of documentation for methods within the .m file. For example in the documentation I'll see something like whats below where the first definition of + (Status *)registerUser is from the header XXXXXX.h file where the second is from XXXXXX.m. Header documentation : /** @brief Test Yada Yada @return <#(description)#> */ + (Status *)registerUser; Output: + (Status *) registerUser Test Yada Yada. Returns: <#(description)#> + (Status *) registerUser <#(brief description)#> <#(comprehensive description)#> registerUser Returns: <#(description)#> Definition at line 24 of file XXXXXX.m. Here are the build related configuration options. I've tried playing with them. EXTRACT_ALL with YES and NO... Hiding uncodumented Members and Classes. #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Build related configuration options #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- EXTRACT_ALL = NO EXTRACT_PRIVATE = NO EXTRACT_STATIC = NO EXTRACT_LOCAL_CLASSES = YES EXTRACT_LOCAL_METHODS = NO EXTRACT_ANON_NSPACES = NO HIDE_UNDOC_MEMBERS = YES HIDE_UNDOC_CLASSES = YES HIDE_FRIEND_COMPOUNDS = NO HIDE_IN_BODY_DOCS = NO INTERNAL_DOCS = NO CASE_SENSE_NAMES = NO HIDE_SCOPE_NAMES = NO SHOW_INCLUDE_FILES = YES FORCE_LOCAL_INCLUDES = NO INLINE_INFO = YES SORT_MEMBER_DOCS = YES SORT_BRIEF_DOCS = NO SORT_MEMBERS_CTORS_1ST = NO SORT_GROUP_NAMES = NO SORT_BY_SCOPE_NAME = NO

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  • Defining and using controller methods in ember.js

    - by OriginalEXE
    first of all, I am total noob when it comes to OOP in JS, this is new to me so treat me like a noob. I am building my first ember.js application and I am stuck (not the first time but I would get unstuck by myself, this is a tough one though). I have two models: forms entries Entries is of course in (one to many) relationship to forms, so each form can have as many properties. Form properties: id : DS.attr( 'number' ), title : DS.attr( 'string' ), views : DS.attr( 'number' ), conversion : DS.attr( 'number' ), entries : DS.hasMany( 'entry' ) Entry properties: id : DS.attr( 'number' ), parent_id: DS.belongsTo( 'form' ) Now, I have forms route that displays all forms in tabled view, and each table row has some info like form id, name etc. and that works great. What I wanted to do is display the number of entries each form has. I figured I should do that via controller, so here is my controller now: // Form controller App.FormController = Ember.ObjectController.extend({ entriescount: function() { var entries = this.get( 'store').find( 'entry' ); return entries.filterBy( 'parent_id', this.get( 'id' ) ).get( 'length' ); }.property( '[email protected]_id') }); Now for some reason, when I use {{entriescount}} in {{#each}} loop, this returns nothing. It also returns nothing in single form route. Note that in both cases, {{title}} for example works. I am wondering, am I going the right way by using controller for this, and how do I get controller to output the data. Thanks

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  • Scheme Function to reverse elements of list of 2-list

    - by sudhirc
    This is an exercise from EOPL. Procedure (invert lst) takes lst which is a list of 2-lists and returns a list with each 2-list reversed. (define invert (lambda (lst) (cond((null? lst ) '()) ((= 2 (rtn-len (car lst))) ( cons(swap-elem (car lst)) (invert (cdr lst)))) ("List is not a 2-List")))) ;; Auxiliry Procedure swap-elements of 2 element list (define swap-elem (lambda (lst) (cons (car (cdr lst)) (car lst)))) ;; returns lengh of the list by calling (define rtn-len (lambda (lst) (calc-len lst 0))) ;; calculate length of the list (define calc-len (lambda (lst n) (if (null? lst) n (calc-len (cdr lst) (+ n 1))))) This seems to work however looks very verbose. Can this be shortened or written in more elegant way ? How I can halt the processing in any of the individual element is not a 2-list? At the moment execution proceed to next member and replacing current member with "List is not a 2-List" if current member is not a 2-list.

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  • How do I make a function in SQL Server that accepts a column of data?

    - by brandon k
    I made the following function in SQL Server 2008 earlier this week that takes two parameters and uses them to select a column of "detail" records and returns them as a single varchar list of comma separated values. Now that I get to thinking about it, I would like to take this table and application-specific function and make it more generic. I am not well-versed in defining SQL functions, as this is my first. How can I change this function to accept a single "column" worth of data, so that I can use it in a more generic way? Instead of calling: SELECT ejc_concatFormDetails(formuid, categoryName) I would like to make it work like: SELECT concatColumnValues(SELECT someColumn FROM SomeTable) Here is my function definition: FUNCTION [DNet].[ejc_concatFormDetails](@formuid AS int, @category as VARCHAR(75)) RETURNS VARCHAR(1000) AS BEGIN DECLARE @returnData VARCHAR(1000) DECLARE @currentData VARCHAR(75) DECLARE dataCursor CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR SELECT data FROM DNet.ejc_FormDetails WHERE formuid = @formuid AND category = @category SET @returnData = '' OPEN dataCursor FETCH NEXT FROM dataCursor INTO @currentData WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0) BEGIN SET @returnData = @returnData + ', ' + @currentData FETCH NEXT FROM dataCursor INTO @currentData END CLOSE dataCursor DEALLOCATE dataCursor RETURN SUBSTRING(@returnData,3,1000) END As you can see, I am selecting the column data within my function and then looping over the results with a cursor to build my comma separated varchar. How can I alter this to accept a single parameter that is a result set and then access that result set with a cursor?

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  • Is it possible to return a list of numbers from a Sybase function?

    - by ps_rs4
    I'm trying to overcome a very serious performance issue in which Sybase refuses to use the primary key index on a large table because one of the required fields is specified indirectly through another table - or, in other words; SELECT ... FROM BIGTABLE WHERE KFIELD = 123 runs in ms but SELECT ... FROM BIGTABLE, LTLTBL WHERE KFIELD = LTLTBL.LOOKUP AND LTLTBL.UNIQUEID = 'STRINGREPOF123' takes 30 - 40 seconds. I've managed to work around this first problem by using a function that basically lets me do this; SELECT ... FROM BIGTABLE WHERE KFIELD = MYFUNC('STRINGREPOF123') which also runs in ms. The problem, however, is that this approach only works when there is a single value returned by MYFUNCT but I have some cases where it may return 2 or 3 values. I know that the SQL SELECT ... FROM BIGTABLE WHERE KFIELD IN (123,456,789) also returns in millis so I'd like to have a function that returns a list of possible values rather than just a single one - is this possible? Sadly the application is running on Sybase ASA 9. Yes I know it is old and is scheduled to be refreshed but there's nothing I can do about it now so I need logic that will work with this version of the DB. Thanks in advance for any assistance on this matter.

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  • Finding and marking the largest of three values in a two dimensional array

    - by DavidYell
    I am working on a display screen for our office, and I can't seem to think of a good way to find the largest numerical value in a set of data in a two dimensional array. I've looked at using max() and also asort() but they don't seem to cope with a two dimensional array. I'm returning my data through our mysql class, so the rows are returned in a two dimensional array. Array( [0] => Array( [am] => 12, [sales] => 981), [1] => Array( [am] => 43, [sales] => 1012), [2] => Array( [am] => 17, [sales] => 876) ) I need to output a class when foreaching the data in my table for the AM with the highest sales value. Short of comparing them all in if statements. I have tried to get max() on the array, but it returns an array, as it's look within the dimension. When pointing it at a specific dimension it returns the key not the value. I figured that I could asort() the array and pop the top value off, store it in a variable and then compare against that in my foreach() loop, but that seems to have trouble sorting across two dimensions. Lastly, I figured that I could foreach() the values, comparing them against the previous one each time, untill I found the largest. This approach however means storing every value, luckily only three, but then comparing against them all again. Surely there must be a simpler way to achieve this, short of converting it into a single dimension array, then doing an asort() on that?

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  • How to support comparisons for QVariant objects containing a custom type?

    - by Tyler McHenry
    According to the Qt documentation, QVariant::operator== does not work as one might expect if the variant contains a custom type: bool QVariant::operator== ( const QVariant & v ) const Compares this QVariant with v and returns true if they are equal; otherwise returns false. In the case of custom types, their equalness operators are not called. Instead the values' addresses are compared. How are you supposed to get this to behave meaningfully for your custom types? In my case, I'm storing an enumerated value in a QVariant, e.g. In a header: enum MyEnum { Foo, Bar }; Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(MyEnum); Somewhere in a function: QVariant var1 = QVariant::fromValue<MyEnum>(Foo); QVariant var2 = QVariant::fromValue<MyEnum>(Foo); assert(var1 == var2); // Fails! What do I need to do differently in order for this assertion to be true? I understand why it's not working -- each variant is storing a separate copy of the enumerated value, so they have different addresses. I want to know how I can change my approach to storing these values in variants so that either this is not an issue, or so that they do both reference the same underlying variable. It don't think it's possible for me to get around needing equality comparisons to work. The context is that I am using this enumeration as the UserData in items in a QComboBox and I want to be able to use QComboBox::findData to locate the item index corresponding to a particular enumerated value.

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  • Array of Arrays - writing to File problem

    - by iFloh
    Hi, and again my array of arrays ... I try to improve my app performance by buffering arrays on file for later reuse. I have an NSMutableArray that contains about 30 NSMutableArrays with NSNumber, NSDate and NSString Objects. I try to write the file using this call: bool result = [myArray writeToFile:[fileMethods getFullPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"iEts%@.arr", [aDate shortDateString]]] atomically:NO]; = result = FALSE. The Path method is: + (NSString *) getFullPath:(NSString *)forFileName { NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; return [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:forFileName]; } and the aDate call returns a shortDateString with ddMMyy. The NSLog NSLog(@"%@", [fileMethods getFullPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"iEts%@.arr", [aDate shortDateString]]]); on the path generation returns: /Users/me/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/User/Applications/86729620-EC1D-4C10-A799-0C638BB27933/Documents/iEts010510.arr FURTHER: It must have something to do with the Array of Arrays, since I also write 3 further simple arrays (containing NSStrings) that all succeed. The Array of Arrays gets generated using the addObject method Any ideas what could cause the trouble?

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  • Paginating requests to an API

    - by user332912
    I'm consuming (via urllib/urllib2) an API that returns XML results. The API always returns the total_hit_count for my query, but only allows me to retrieve results in batches of, say, 100 or 1000. The API stipulates I need to specify a start_pos and end_pos for offsetting this, in order to walk through the results. Say the urllib request looks like "http://someservice?query='test'&start_pos=X&end_pos=Y". If I send an initial 'taster' query with lowest data transfer such as http://someservice?query='test'&start_pos=1&end_pos=1 in order to get back a result of, for conjecture, total_hits = 1234, I'd like to work out an approach to most cleanly request those 1234 results in batches of, again say, 100 or 1000 or... This is what I came up with so far, and it seems to work, but I'd like to know if you would have done things differently or if I could improve upon this: hits_per_page=1000 # or 1000 or 200 or whatever, adjustable total_hits = 1234 # retreived with BSoup from 'taster query' base_url = "http://someservice?query='test'" startdoc_positions = [n for n in range(1, total_hits, hits_per_page)] enddoc_positions = [startdoc_position + hits_per_page - 1 for startdoc_position in startdoc_positions] for start, end in zip(startdoc_positions, enddoc_positions): if end total_hits: end = total_hits print "url to request is:\n ", print "%s&start_pos=%s&end_pos=%s" % (base_url, start, end) p.s. I'm a long time consumer of StackOverflow, especially the Python questions, but this is my first question posted. You guys are just brilliant.

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  • Retain numerical precision in an R data frame?

    - by David
    When I create a dataframe from numeric vectors, R seems to truncate the value below the precision that I require in my analysis: data.frame(x=0.99999996) returns 1 (see update 1) I am stuck when fitting spline(x,y) and two of the x values are set to 1 due to rounding while y changes. I could hack around this but I would prefer to use a standard solution if available. example Here is an example data set d <- data.frame(x = c(0.668732936336141, 0.95351462456867, 0.994620622127435, 0.999602102672081, 0.999987126195509, 0.999999955814133, 0.999999999999966), y = c(38.3026509783688, 11.5895099585560, 10.0443344234229, 9.86152339768516, 9.84461434575695, 9.81648333804257, 9.83306725758297)) The following solution works, but I would prefer something that is less subjective: plot(d$x, d$y, ylim=c(0,50)) lines(spline(d$x, d$y),col='grey') #bad fit lines(spline(d[-c(4:6),]$x, d[-c(4:6),]$y),col='red') #reasonable fit Update 1 Since posting this question, I realize that this will return 1 even though the data frame still contains the original value, e.g. > dput(data.frame(x=0.99999999996)) returns structure(list(x = 0.99999999996), .Names = "x", row.names = c(NA, -1L), class = "data.frame") Update 2 After using dput to post this example data set, and some pointers from Dirk, I can see that the problem is not in the truncation of the x values but the limits of the numerical errors in the model that I have used to calculate y. This justifies dropping a few of the equivalent data points (as in the example red line).

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  • Converted PHP query to PDO and now getting no results

    - by jaw
    I had a query working just fine, but after converting it to PDO I am getting no results when I do a var_dump($row). But there are no error messages. Can anyone see what I might be doing wrong? //Here is the original query that worked fine and returned results global $wpdb; $results = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT stories.story_name, stories.category, stories.SID, wp_users.ID, wp_users.display_name FROM stories LEFT JOIN wp_users ON stories.ID=wp_users.ID where stories.active = 1"); //Here is the query in PDO form which returns no results $results = $dbh->prepare("select wp_users.ID, wp_users.display_name, stories.SID, stories.story_name, stories.category, FROM stories LEFT JOIN wp_users ON stories.ID=wp_users.ID WHERE stories.active=1"); $results->bindParam(':wp_users.ID', $user_ID, PDO::PARAM_INT); $results->bindParam(':display_name', $display_name, PDO::PARAM_STR); $results->bindParam(':stories.SID', $SID, PDO::PARAM_INT); $results->bindParam(':story_name', $story_name, PDO::PARAM_STR); $results->bindParam(':category', $category, PDO::PARAM_STR); $results->execute(); $row = $results->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); //returns 0 results but should return 8 as original code above did echo var_dump($row);

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  • How string accepting interface should look like?

    - by ybungalobill
    Hello, This is a follow up of this question. Suppose I write a C++ interface that accepts or returns a const string. I can use a const char* zero-terminated string: void f(const char* str); // (1) The other way would be to use an std::string: void f(const string& str); // (2) It's also possible to write an overload and accept both: void f(const char* str); // (3) void f(const string& str); Or even a template in conjunction with boost string algorithms: template<class Range> void f(const Range& str); // (4) My thoughts are: (1) is not C++ish and may be less efficient when subsequent operations may need to know the string length. (2) is bad because now f("long very long C string"); invokes a construction of std::string which involves a heap allocation. If f uses that string just to pass it to some low-level interface that expects a C-string (like fopen) then it is just a waste of resources. (3) causes code duplication. Although one f can call the other depending on what is the most efficient implementation. However we can't overload based on return type, like in case of std::exception::what() that returns a const char*. (4) doesn't work with separate compilation and may cause even larger code bloat. Choosing between (1) and (2) based on what's needed by the implementation is, well, leaking an implementation detail to the interface. The question is: what is the preffered way? Is there any single guideline I can follow? What's your experience?

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  • PDF search on the iPhone

    - by pt2ph8
    After two days trying to read annotations from a PDF using Quartz, I've managed to do it and posted my code. Now I'd like to do the same for another frequently asked question: searching PDF documents with Quartz. Same situation as before, this question has been asked many times with almost no practical answers. So I need some pointers first, as I still haven't implemented this myself. What I tried: I tried using CGPDFScannerScan handling the TJ and Tj operators - returns the right text on some PDF, whereas on other documents it returns mostly random letters. Maybe it's related to text encoding? Someone pointed out that text blocks (marked by BT/ET operators) should be handled instead, but I still haven't managed to do so. Anyone managed to extract text from any PDF? After that, searching should be easy by storing all the text in a NSMutableString and using rangeOfString (if there's a better way please let me know). But then how to highlight the result? I know there are a few operators to find the glyph sizes, so I could calculate the resulting rect based on those values, but I've been reading the spec for hours... it's a bloated mess and I'm going insane. Anyone with a practical explanation? Thanks.

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  • Algorithm to determine indices i..j of array A containing all the elements of another array B

    - by Skylark
    I came across this question on an interview questions thread. Here is the question: Given two integer arrays A [1..n] and B[1..m], find the smallest window in A that contains all elements of B. In other words, find a pair < i , j such that A[i..j] contains B[1..m]. If A doesn't contain all the elements of B, then i,j can be returned as -1. The integers in A need not be in the same order as they are in B. If there are more than one smallest window (different, but have the same size), then its enough to return one of them. Example: A[1,2,5,11,2,6,8,24,101,17,8] and B[5,2,11,8,17]. The algorithm should return i = 2 (index of 5 in A) and j = 9 (index of 17 in A). Now I can think of two variations. Let's suppose that B has duplicates. This variation doesn't consider the number of times each element occurs in B. It just checks for all the unique elements that occur in B and finds the smallest corresponding window in A that satisfies the above problem. For example, if A[1,2,4,5,7] and B[2,2,5], this variation doesn't bother about there being two 2's in B and just checks A for the unique integers in B namely 2 and 5 and hence returns i=1, j=3. This variation accounts for duplicates in B. If there are two 2's in B, then it expects to see at least two 2's in A as well. If not, it returns -1,-1. When you answer, please do let me know which variation you are answering. Pseudocode should do. Please mention space and time complexity if it is tricky to calculate it. Mention if your solution assumes array indices to start at 1 or 0 too. Thanks in advance.

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  • Cocoa memory management - object going nil on me

    - by SirRatty
    Hi all, Mac OS X 10.6, Cocoa project, with retain/release gc I've got a function which: iterates over a specific directory, scans it for subfolders (included nested ones), builds an NSMutableArray of strings (one string per found subfolder path), and returns that array. e.g. (error handling removed for brevity). NSMutableArray * ListAllSubFoldersForFolderPath(NSString *folderPath) { NSMutableArray *a = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:100]; NSString *itemName = nil; NSFileManager *fm = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; NSDirectoryEnumerator *e = [fm enumeratorAtPath:folderPath]; while (itemName = [e nextObject]) { NSString *fullPath = [folderPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:itemName]; BOOL isDirectory; if ([fm fileExistsAtPath:fullPath isDirectory:&isDirectory]) { if (isDirectory is_eq YES) { [a addObject: fullPath]; } } } return a; } The calling function takes the array just once per session, keeps it around for later processing: static NSMutableArray *gFolderPaths = nil; ... gFolderPaths = ListAllSubFoldersForFolderPath(myPath); [gFolderPaths retain]; All appears good at this stage. [gFolderPaths count] returns the correct number of paths found, and [gFolderPaths description] prints out all the correct path names. The problem: When I go to use gFolderPaths later (say, the next run through my event loop) my assertion code (and gdb in Xcode) tells me that it is nil. I am not modifying gFolderPaths in any way after that initial grab, so I am presuming that my memory management is screwed and that gFolderPaths is being released by the runtime. My assumptions/presumptions I do not have to retain each string as I add it to the mutable array because that is done automatically, but I do have to retain the the array once it is handed over to me from the function, because I won't be using it immediately. Is this correct? Any help is appreciated.

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  • How do I iterate through hierarchical data in a Sql Server 2005 stored proc?

    - by AlexChilcott
    Hi, I have a SqlServer2005 table "Group" similar to the following: Id (PK, int) Name (varchar(50)) ParentId (int) where ParentId refers to another Id in the Group table. This is used to model hierarchical groups such as: Group 1 (id = 1, parentid = null) +--Group 2 (id = 2, parentid = 1) +--Group 3 (id = 3, parentid = 1) +--Group 4 (id = 4, parentid = 3) Group 5 (id = 5, parentid = null) +--Group 6 (id = 6, parentid = 5) You get the picture I have another table, let's call it "Data" for the sake of simplification, which looks something like: Id (PK, int) Key (varchar) Value (varchar) GroupId (FK, int) Now, I am trying to write a stored proc which can get me the "Data" for a given group. For example, if I query for group 1, it returns me the Key-Value-Pairs from Data where groupId = 1. If I query for group 2, it returns the KVPs for groupId = 1, then unioned with those which have groupId = 2 (and duplicated keys are replaced). Ideally, the sproc would also fail gracefully if there is a cycle (ie if group 1's parent is group 2 and group 2's parent is group 1) Has anyone had experience in writing such a sproc, or know how this might be accomplished? Thanks guys, much appreciated, Alex

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  • Why does this SELECT ... JOIN statement return no results?

    - by Stephen
    I have two tables: 1. tableA is a list of records with many columns. There is a timestamp column called "created" 2. tableB is used to track users in my application that have locked a record in tableA for review. It consists of four columns: id, user_id, record_id, and another timestamp collumn. I'm trying to select up to 10 records from tableA that have not been locked by for review by anyone in tableB (I'm also filtering in the WHERE clause by a few other columns from tableA like record status). Here's what I've come up with so far: SELECT tableA.* FROM tableA LEFT OUTER JOIN tableB ON tableA.id = tableB.record_id WHERE tableB.id = NULL AND tableA.status = 'new' AND tableA.project != 'someproject' AND tableA.created BETWEEN '1999-01-01 00:00:00' AND '2010-05-06 23:59:59' ORDER BY tableA.created ASC LIMIT 0, 10; There are currently a few thousand records in tableA and zero records in tableB. There are definitely records that fall between those timestamps, and I've verified this with a simple SELECT * FROM tableA WHERE created BETWEEN '1999-01-01 00:00:00' AND '2010-05-06 23:59:59' The first statement above returns zero rows, and the second one returns over 2,000 rows.

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