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• Cisco 3560+ipservices -- IGMP snooping issue with TTL=1

  - by Jander

  I've got a C3560 with Enhanced (IPSERVICES) image, routing multicast between its VLANs with no external multicast router. It's serving a test environment where developers may generate multicast traffic on arbitrary addresses. Everything is working fine except when someone sends out multicast traffic with TTL=1, in which case the multicast packet suppression fails and the traffic is broadcast to all members of the VLAN. It looks to me like because the TTL is 1, the multicast routing subsystem doesn't see the packets, so it doesn't create a mroute table entry. If I send out packets with TTL=2 briefly, then switch to TTL=1 packets, they are filtered correctly until the mroute entry expires. My question: is there some trick to getting the switch to filter the TTL=1 packets, or am I out of luck? Below are the relevant parts of the config, with a representative VLAN interface. I can provide more info as needed. #show run ... ip routing ip multicast-routing distributed no ip igmp snooping report-suppression ! interface Vlan44 ip address 172.23.44.1 255.255.255.0 no ip proxy-arp ip pim passive ... #show ip igmp snooping vlan 44 Global IGMP Snooping configuration: ------------------------------------------- IGMP snooping : Enabled IGMPv3 snooping (minimal) : Enabled Report suppression : Disabled TCN solicit query : Disabled TCN flood query count : 2 Robustness variable : 2 Last member query count : 2 Last member query interval : 1000 Vlan 44: -------- IGMP snooping : Enabled IGMPv2 immediate leave : Disabled Multicast router learning mode : pim-dvmrp CGMP interoperability mode : IGMP_ONLY Robustness variable : 2 Last member query count : 2 Last member query interval : 1000

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• Simplest DNS solution for remote offices

  - by dunxd

  I look after a bunch of remote offices that connect via VPN - a Cisco ASA 5505 in each office acts as Firewall and VPN end point. Beyond that we keep things as simple as possible in the offices to minimise the support burden. We don't have any kind of server except in offices large enough to justify having someone dedicated to IT. Basically there is the ASA, some computers, a network printer and a switch. One of the problems I am seeing in a lot of offices is that DNS requests looking up hosts inside our network often fail - I'm assuming timeouts due to the offices internet connection (they are all in developing world countries) having some sub-optimal qualities (e.g. high latency caused by VSAT segments, or packet loss. The obvious solution to this is to have some sort of local DNS service that can serve local requests - so I think it would need to do zone transfers from our Microsoft Windows 2008 R2 DNS servers at HQ. However, simply installing Windows Servers in each office is both expensive, and creates a support burden. This got me thinking about pfsense/m0n0wall on embedded devices - those can act as a DNS server, and could be configured at HQ and sent out as just something that needs to be plugged into the network and can then be forgotten about by the staff locally. Maybe there are some alternatives to the ASA 5505 that include some DNS functionality. Has anyone here dealt with the problem, either using some kind of embedded device, or found some other solution? Any gotchas or reasons to avoid what I have suggested?

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• Best grep-like tool

  - by e-satis

  I do in file search a lot, and used to love grep. Then I learn the existence of egrep, so I switched to benefit from the advanced regexp. Then I discovered the Eclipse search tool. Much easier to use that grep. Then I found ack : fast, easy, powerful. And now I use grin, which is smooth for pythonistas. I know there is also a couple of this kind of tools with a GUI. So what tool do you use, and why do you think it's the best. Practical features generally are : fast to fire and use; speedy processing; automatically ignore useless files; colored output; output lines, filename, context; allow complex regexp; allow a custom filtering and ouput; GUI + command line intergation; let you open an editor from the result set. There are some related posts on SO : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/87350/what-are-good-grep-tool-for-windows http://stackoverflow.com/questions/981601/colorized-grep-viewing-the-entire-file-with-highlighting http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1028107/is-there-some-unix-util-that-will-allow-me-to-grep-multiple-files-with-little-type http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1027906/unix-find-grep-syntax-vs-awk

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• Wireless very slow on one laptop on network, all other machines normal?

  - by th3dude19

  My new laptop (Acer Aspire Timeine 3810TZ running Windows 7 Home Premium 64bit) is acting very strange on my wireless network. Below are the issues I'm noticing... The connection frequently drops. I see the icon change from 'full bars' to 'empty bars with yellow star (meaning no connection)' occasionally. Almost every website I visit (Firefox) hangs for a long time on 'Looking up www.amazon.com' for example. After a long pause, it finally starts loading the website. Neither of these problems exist on any other machines on my network. I also have a desktop running the same OS wirelessly and it works fine. I've run several Speedtest.net tests and the speeds are great (20MBit down/4 up). Results from pingtest.net are as follows: Line quality: D Ping: 46ms Jitter: 65ms Packet Loss: 9% These results are to a server that is less than 10 miles from my residence. The results on the other machines in my house are normal. Any suggestions? This is becoming very annoying as I purchased this machine primarily for browsing.

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• Selectively allow unsafe html tags in Plone

  - by dhill

  I'm searching for a way to put widgets from several services (PicasaWeb, Yahoo Pipes, Delicious bookmarks, etc.) on the community site I host on Plone (currently 3.2.1). I'm looking for a way to allow a group of users to use dangerous html tags. There are some ways I see, but I don't know how to implement those. One would be changing safe_html for the pages editors own (1). Another would be to allow those tags on some subtree (2). And yet another finding an equivalent of "static text portlet" that would display in the middle panel (3). We could then use some of the composite products (I stumbled upon Collage and CMFContentPanels), to include the unsafe content on other sites. My site has been ridden by advert bots, so I don't want to remove the filtering all together. I don't have an easy (no false positives) way of checking which users are bots, so deploying captcha now wouldn't help either. The question is: How to implement any of those solutions? (I already asked that on plone mailing list without an answer, so I thought I would give it another try here.)

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• Exchange 2010 issuing NDRs to Hotmail/Live & few other domains on receipt of message

  - by John Patrick Dandison

  I'm working through a beast of an issue at the moment. Exchange 2010 single server on prem Hybrid deployment to Office 365 ESMTP filtering turned off on ASA Certain domains (most consistently, Hotmail/Live) cannot send us mail. At one point, we couldn't send out either, but I created a new Send Connector that forces HELO instead of EHLO. I turned on SMTP logging, an example of the failed inbound message connection is below. I've read that it could be that reverse DNS is the problem, i.e., the exchange banner smtp address needs to reverse-DNS back to the same IP. Since it's the default exchange connector, its banner is the server's name, but the DNS name of the MX record is different. I'm waiting for the PTR records to update to reflect the internal name as well. Is that the right direction? Is this all DNS or something different? SMTP Session Log (single failed session for illustration): SMTPSubmit SMTPAcceptAnySender SMTPAcceptAuthoritativeDomainSender AcceptRoutingHeaders 220 ExchangeServerName.internalSubDomain.example.com Microsoft ESMTP MAIL Service ready at Mon, 15 Oct 2012 09:57:24 -0400 EHLO col0-omc3-s4.col0.hotmail.com 250-ExchangeServerName.internalSubDomain.example.com Hello [65.55.34.142] 250-SIZE 250-PIPELINING 250-DSN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-STARTTLS 250-X-ANONYMOUSTLS 250-AUTH NTLM LOGIN 250-X-EXPS GSSAPI NTLM 250-8BITMIME 250-BINARYMIME 250-CHUNKING 250-XEXCH50 250-XRDST 250 XSHADOW MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 08CF5268DABBD9AA;2012-10-15T13:57:24.564Z;1 250 2.1.0 Sender OK RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.5 Recipient OK XXXX 1282 LAST Tarpit for '0.00:00:05' 500 5.3.3 Unrecognized command XXXXXXXXX from COL002-W38 ([65.55.34.135]) by col0-omc3-s4.col0.hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC(6.0.3790.4675); Tarpit for '0.00:00:05' 500 5.3.3 Unrecognized command " XXXX 15 Oct 2012 06:57:24 -0700" Tarpit for '0.00:00:05' 500 5.3.3 Unrecognized command XXXXXXXXXXX <[email protected]> Tarpit for '0.00:00:05'

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• Configure static IPv6 on Ubuntu

  - by Charles Offenbacher

  I'm trying to configure IPv6 on a dedicated Ubuntu server. My provider gave me a "/64" (whatever that is - I'm still confused) of IPv6 addresses. However, when I try to use them, I can't ping anything. What do I do? :( # ping6 ipv6.google.com PING ipv6.google.com(vx-in-x63.1e100.net) 56 data bytes From fe80::219:d1ff:fefb:42d8 icmp_seq=1 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable From fe80::219:d1ff:fefb:42d8 icmp_seq=2 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable From fe80::219:d1ff:fefb:42d8 icmp_seq=3 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable --- ipv6.google.com ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 2014ms # tracepath6 ipv6.google.com 1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.025ms pmtu 1500 1: fe80::219:d1ff:fefb:42d8%eth0 2000.022ms !H Resume: pmtu 1500 # cat /etc/network/interfaces # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 64.***.***.*** netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 64.***.***.*** iface eth0 inet6 static pre-up modprobe ipv6 address 2607:F878:1:***::1 netmask 64 gateway 2607:F878:1:***(same as address)::1 # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:19:d1:fb:42:d8 inet addr:64.***.***.*** Bcast:64.***.***.*** Mask:255.255.255.248 inet6 addr: fe80::219:d1ff:fefb:42d8/64 Scope:Link inet6 addr: 2607:f878:1:***::1/64 Scope:Global UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:52451 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:39729 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6817761 (6.8 MB) TX bytes:6153835 (6.1 MB) Interrupt:41 Base address:0xc000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:166 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:166 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:31714 (31.7 KB) TX bytes:31714 (31.7 KB)

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• netlogon errors

  - by rorr

  I have two instances of mssql 2005 and am using CA XOSoft replication. The master is a failover cluster and the replica is a standalone server. They are all running Server 2003 sp2 x64. Same patch levels on all servers. This setup has worked great for several months until we recently restricted the RPC ports on both nodes of the master(5000 - 6000 using rpccfg.exe). We have to implement egress filtering, thus the limiting of the ports. We began receiving login errors for sql windows authentication and NETLOGON Event ID: 5719: This computer was not able to set up a secure session with a domain controller in domain due to the following: Not enough storage is available to process this command. This may lead to authentication problems. Make sure that this computer is connected to the network. If the problem persists, please contact your domain administrator. We also see group policies failing to update and cluster file shares go offline at the same time. The RPC ports were set back to default when we started seeing these problems and the servers rebooted, but the problems persist. The domain controllers are not showing any errors. Running dcdiag and netdiag shows everything is fine. We have noticed that the XOSoft service ws_rep.exe is using a lot of handles(8 - 9k), about the same number that sqlserver is using. As soon as xosoft replication is stopped the login errors cease and everything functions correctly. I have opened a ticket with CA for XOSoft, but I'm not sure that the problem is actually xosoft, but that it is the one bringing the problem to light. I'm looking for tips on debugging RPC problems. Specifically on limiting the ports and then reverting the changes.

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• phpmyadmin “Forbidden: You don't have permission to access /phpmyadmin on this server.”

  - by Caterpillar

  I need to modify the file /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf in order to allow remote users (not only localhost) to login # phpMyAdmin - Web based MySQL browser written in php # # Allows only localhost by default # # But allowing phpMyAdmin to anyone other than localhost should be considered # dangerous unless properly secured by SSL Alias /phpMyAdmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin <Directory "/usr/share/phpMyAdmin/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride all Order Allow,Deny Allow from all </Directory> <Directory /usr/share/phpMyAdmin/setup/> <IfModule mod_authz_core.c> # Apache 2.4 <RequireAny> Require ip 127.0.0.1 Require ip ::1 </RequireAny> </IfModule> <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c> # Apache 2.2 Order Deny,Allow Allow from All Allow from 127.0.0.1 Allow from ::1 </IfModule> </Directory> # These directories do not require access over HTTP - taken from the original # phpMyAdmin upstream tarball # <Directory /usr/share/phpMyAdmin/libraries/> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from None </Directory> <Directory /usr/share/phpMyAdmin/setup/lib/> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from None </Directory> <Directory /usr/share/phpMyAdmin/setup/frames/> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from None </Directory> # This configuration prevents mod_security at phpMyAdmin directories from # filtering SQL etc. This may break your mod_security implementation. # #<IfModule mod_security.c> # <Directory /usr/share/phpMyAdmin/> # SecRuleInheritance Off # </Directory> #</IfModule> When I get into phpmyadmin webpage, I am not prompted for user and password, before getting the error message: Forbidden: You don't have permission to access /phpmyadmin on this server. My system is Fedora 20

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• linux routing issue

  - by Duc To

  Hi! I have 2 linksys routers which has linux running on it and using tomato firmware.. both has internet lines plugged on but only 1 acts as DHCP server (router 1) What I am having to achieve is that all packets goes to router 1 from internal IPs want to access internet will go out to that internet line but from 1 specific port, if router 1 detects packets from a specific source port (for ex: http port: 80), it will redirect that packet to router 2 and goes out to the internet from there.. I have found some documents which give solution that I will need a linux servers with 2 ethernet cards and then we plug both internet lines on that server and routing base on it but I do not want to do that because my boss does not want to have an extra work mantaining that server, besides, he says that the router itself already a linux one so why.. I tend to agree his points.. Can it be done or a seperate linux server acting as a router is a must? Thank you all in advance and really look forward in your replies.. I am newbie to linux network and it seems to be something out of my capacity to solve :( Your sincerely! Duc To

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• Reference entire excel 2007 sheet to another sheet

  - by Keikoku

  I have one sheet with 100 rows of data. I have a second sheet that will use the same data but with filters applied. In fact, I will have a dozen sheets, each with different filters. My goal is to have references from the every sheet to the first so that prior to filtering, they all contain exactly the same data. This way I only have to modify one sheet and all sheets will reflect the changes. The purpose is to create external links from word to excel to display specific rows, but there appears to be a limitation to linking where it displays absolutely everything that you see on the sheet itself (and each view must be different). I can manually reference the first cell and then drag the black box to easily expand it to the required number of rows, but that would require me to go into each sheet and drag the black box again whenever I add new entries to the master copy. Is there an easy way to do this? Note that the issue is the same as Easy way for users to update linked documents Excel 2007, except this time I am using a different approach. Solutions to both would be welcome.

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• Requests are making it to my app server, but not into node.js -- why?

  - by Zane Claes

  I detailed in this question on StackOverflow how some random requests are not making it from the client to my Node.js app server, resulting in a gateway timeout. In summary, identical requests are, at random, not even making it far enough to trigger a console.log() in my first line of express middleware. I need to narrow down the problem, though, to find out WHERE the traffic is being lost and it was suggested that I try a packet sniffer on my app servers. Here's my setup: 2x Load Balancers (m1.larges) 2x node.js servers (also m1.large) Here's what's interesting/unusual: the node.js servers started as PHP servers with an Apache stack and continue to serve PHP files for my domain (streamified.me). However, I use a little httpd.conf magic on the app servers so that requests to api.streamified.me get routed over port 8888 to the node.js server: RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^api.streamified.me RewriteRule ^(.*) http://localhost:8888$1 [P] So, the request hits the load balancer = goes to an app server = gets routed to port 8888 if it's intended for the API = gets handled by node.js So, in the same httpd.conf file, I turned on RewriteLogLevel 5 and then created a simple PHP+CURL script on my localhost to hit my api.streamified.me with a random URL (which should cause node.js to trigger a simple "not found" response) until it resulted in a Gateway timeout. Here, you can see that it has happened -- and the rewrite log shows that the request was definitely received by the app server and forwarded to port 8888... but it was never received by node.js (or, at least, the first line of code in the first line of middleware never gets it...) Image Link: http://i.stack.imgur.com/3OQxS.png

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• IIS not responding with SSL Server Hello

  - by Damien_The_Unbeliever

  I'm having difficulty getting a particular IIS machine to "do" SSL. This is a test environment (one of many) which we've set up "the same" as we have many times previously, but it just doesn't seem to be working. The server is Windows Server 2003 (Version 5.2 (Build 3790.srv03_sp2_gdr.100216-1301 : Service Pack 2)) IIS is hosting 4 sites (including the default site), but only one site is configured for SSL. We're using the same SSL certificate we use on all of our other servers (it's a wildcard cert). (Don't think this is relevant, but including anyway) We've configured the site to require SSL, it has a subdirectory that doesn't require SSL but has an asp page that redirects into SSL. The 403;4 error page for the site is hooked up to this asp page (this is how we do our non-HTTPS into HTTPS transition). Using Microsoft Network Monitor (3.3), I've just run a session against a server where SSL is working. It can pull apart the SSL exchange as the following messages: SSL: Client Hello SSL: Server Hello. Certificate. Server Hello Done SSL: Client Key Exchange. Change Cipher Spec. Encrypted Handshake Message. SSL: Change Cipher Spec. Encrypted Handshake Message However, on our problem server, I only see: SSL: Client Hello. The next packet from the server (from port 443, so it's listening and responding there) contains only 60 bytes, and just seems to have the Tcp headers and not much else (but I'm by no means an expert at deciphering these things). So, where do I look next? Or what additional information do I need to add to this question, and where do I find it?

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• Can't get DNS Alias work on Ubuntu 10.04 with Apache 2

  - by Johnny

  I want to use the DNS Alias to configure one of my domain pointing to a specific directory on the server. Here is what I've done: Change the IP address in domain setting, and it works $ ping www.example.com PING example.com (124.205.62.xxx): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 124.205.62.xxx: icmp_seq=0 ttl=48 time=53.088 ms 64 bytes from 124.205.62.xxx: icmp_seq=1 ttl=48 time=52.125 ms ^C --- example.com ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 52.125/52.606/53.088/0.482 ms Add sites-available and sites-enabled $ ls -l /etc/apache2/sites-available/ total 16 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 948 2010-04-14 03:27 default -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7467 2010-04-14 03:27 default-ssl -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 365 2010-06-09 18:27 example.com $ ls -l /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 2010-06-09 15:46 000-default -> ../sites-available/default lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 2010-06-09 18:17 001-example.com -> ../sites-available/example.com But it doesn't work and when I open the browser for www.example.com, it shows an 111 error: The following error was encountered: Connection to 124.205.62.48 Failed The system returned: (111) Connection refused Here is how example.com's config: $ cat /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/001-example.com <virtualhost *:80> DocumentRoot "/vhosts/example.com/htdocs/" ServerName www.example.com ServerAlias example.com <Location /> Order Deny,Allow Deny from None Allow from all </Location> #Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf ErrorLog /vhosts/example.com/logs/error.log CustomLog /vhosts/example.com/logs/access.log combined Could you please tell me how to solve this?

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• Looking for a real DisplayPort hub/splitter

  - by squircle

  In my search for a new display, I came across the Dell Multi-Monitor Hub MMH11, which seemed to be an alternative to my search for daisy-chainable DisplayPort displays. However, before I cave and spend $179 on this device, I am wondering if this will be similar to other splitting devices where it appears to the computer as one big monitor and the device does the splitting (which I don't want). Or, does this use the packet-based nature of DisplayPort to present two/three separate displays to the computer? Also, would this device work on my MacBook Pro? (I know the Dell site says it's for Windows, but it also says that no driver installation is required. I'd assume since the MBP supports DP 1.2 it would work, but it's better to ask). Thanks! Edit: I've checked out the similar-looking Cirago DisplayPort splitter, but I have extreme doubts as to whether or not it's a genuine displayport splitter, or just another monitor-conglomerate. Their DVI solution looks identical to Dell's, which I'm pretty sure won't do what I want. I also don't want to order this DisplayPort "hub" and find that it doesn't do what I want it to.

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• Port knocking via SSH tunnels

  - by j0ker

  I have a server running in my university's internal network. There is only one SSH daemon running which is secured by port knocking with knockd. Works fine if I try to connect from within the internal network. But since the server has no external IP, I have to tunnel into the internal network every time I want to access the server from outside. And since tunneling only works for a single port I cannot do the port knocking as easily as from an internal client. In fact, I don't get it to work at all. What I'm trying is opening tunnels for all the different ports that have to be knocked. Then I send TCP-SYN packets into the tunnels. But that doesn't work even for a single port. If I establish the tunnel on the first port in the knock sequence and send a packet through it, it doesn't reach the server. There is no entry in the log file of knockd, while there should be something like 123.45.67.89: openSSH: Stage 1 (as shown with internal knocks). So I guess, the problem doesn't exist within my knocking script but is a more general one. Are there any known problems with what I'm trying to do? Is it even possible or am I missing something? Thanks in advance!

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• Routing / binding 128 IPs to one server

  - by Andrew

  I have a Ubuntu server with 128 ip's (static external ips 86.xx.xx.16), and I want to crawl pages thru different ip's. The gateway is xx.xxx.xxx.1, the main ip is xx.xxx.xxx.16, and the other 128 ip's are xx.xxx.xxx.129/255. I tried this configuration in /etc/network/interfaces but I doesn't work. It work if I remove the gateway for the aliases eth0:0 and eth0:1. I think this is routing problem. auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 auto eth0:0 auto eth0:1 iface eth0 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.16 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 iface eth0:0 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.129 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 iface eth0:1 inet static address xx.xxx.xxx.130 netmask 255.255.255.128 gateway xx.xxx.xxx.1 Also, please tell me how to "reset" every changes that I made in networking and routing. Update: I removed the gateway and now it works. I can reach the website thru all 128 ip's. But when I try to bind a socket connection in php to a specific ip I get no answer. socket_bind($sock, "xx.xxx.xx.xxx"); socket_connect($sock, 'google.com', 80); I tryed to use a sniffer to see the packets, and I see the packet sent from binded ip to google.com but the "connection" can't be established. I don't know anything about "route" command, but I have a feeling that this is the solution.

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• Strange WiFi problem - network is "not connected" but works

  - by GalacticCowboy

  Background I'm using a Windows XP tablet PC connected to my home network. I do broadcast the SSID, but otherwise the wireless network is locked down as tight as I can make it - WPA2 with a strong key, MAC filtering, etc. I've had this computer for about 4 years and the router for about 6 months. Before that, the previous router was set up in the same way, and I've never had any particular problems. Problem This morning - as I type this, as a matter of fact - Windows is reporting that none of my network connections are connected. Yet somehow my Internet connectivity still works! ipconfig reports a valid IP address, domain, etc., even though Windows apparently doesn't know about it. I tried repairing the connection and it had no effect - the repair eventually timed out. I'm pretty sure that I could reboot the computer and/or the router, etc. and it would fix the problem. However, I'm more interested in knowing if any of you have ever seen anything like this, and what might have caused it? Since it works I'm not inclined to mess with it too much. My concern is that it's a precursor to bigger problems.

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• terminal-window viewer for tab-delimited files in *nix?

  - by khedron

  I work with a lot of tab-delimited data files, with varying columns of uncertain length. Typically, the way people view these files is to bring them down from the server to their Windows or Mac machine, and then open them up in Excel. This is certainly fully-featured, allowing filtering and other nice options. But sometimes, you just want to look at something quickly on the command line. I wrote a bare-bones utility to display the first<n>lines of a file like so: --- line 1 --- 1:{header-1} 2:{header-2} 3:... --- line 2 --- 1:{data-1} 2:{data-2} 3:... This is, obviously, very lame, but it's enough to pipe through grep, or figure out which header columns to use "cut -f" on. Is there a *nix-based viewer for a terminal session which will display rows and columns of a tab-delimited file and let you move the viewing window over the file, or otherwise look at data? I don't want to write this myself; instead, I'd just make a reformatter which would replace tabs with spaces for padding so I could open the file up in emacs and see aligned columns. But if there's already a tool out there to do something like this, that'd be great! (Or, I could just live with Excel.)

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• Hyper-V with multiple physical networks

  - by Yaman

  I have Hyper-V on my laptop with a wireless and Ethernet card, sometimes I connect using wireless card, and sometimes using the Ethernet cable. I am trying to configure Hyper-v to work always with internet provided to virtual machine. I have tried to create 2 virtual switches, one external to the Wireless network card, and the other one external to the Ethernet card. What happens is that the wireless network creates a bridge object in the network and sharing center\Network connections of windows 8, while the Ethernet does not. Unfortunately, they do not work together as external, i have to set the connected one to external and the other one as external, I also have to go to the properties of the bridge and virtual Ethernet properties to uncheck and check some components like: Client for Microsoft Networks Deterministic Network Enhancer VMWare Bridge Protocol QoS Packet Scheduler File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks In order to make things work. Sometimes I keep the wireless network switch external, and go to another location (another wireless network), and it disconnects, i have to reconfigure the switches. Is there a way to do the configuration once and remain working wherever I connect, whether its Wireless or Ethernet and on any network with DHCP?

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• Looking for a small, portable, port-mirroring ethernet switch.

  - by user37244

  I recently had a mac go haywire, taking half a minute or more to get www.google.com loaded. Getting its owner to give up the machine for repair was like pulling teeth - they were insisting that it must be something to do with the network, since so much had changed with the local configuration at about the same time their box went haywire. I eventually set up a port mirror to a box that I could remote to so I could show that the mac was only irregularly getting packets onto the network. Demonstrating this faced an additional challenge: the latency of the remote desktop software I was using meant that I had to point to timestamps instead of just the moment the packet flashed up on the screen as my evidence. This particular user was the reason this was so challenging this time around, but I would like to have a box that I can cart from desk to desk to use wireshark on my laptop at any station where I need it. 3com, cisco, netgear, etc. (ad nauseum), all make switches that can be configured for port mirroring, but in my case, the smaller, the better. For the sake of my sanity, I'll probably end up running it off a battery anyway. If my laptop had two ethernet ports, this would be easy. So, whaddya recommand for a device that requires 0 configuration at each powerup (though I'm fine with poking at it for a while to set it up initially.) Small, light, and cheap enough to get it past purchasing? Thanks,

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• tc u32 --- how to match L2 protocols in recent kernels?

  - by brownian

  I have a nice shaper, with hashed filtering, built at a linux bridge. In short, br0 connects external and internal physical interfaces, VLAN tagged packets are bridged "transparently" (I mean, no VLAN interfaces are there). Now, different kernels do it differently. I can be wrong with exact kernel verions ranges, please forgive me. Thanks. 2.6.26 So, in debian, 2.6.26 and up (up to 2.6.32, I believe) --- this works: tc filter add dev internal protocol 802.1q parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 ht 1:64 match ip dst 192.168.1.100 flowid 1:200 Here, "kernel" matches two bytes in "protocol" field with 0x8100, but counts the beginning of ip packet as a "zero position" (sorry for my English, if I'm a bit unclear). 2.6.32 Again, in debian (I've not built vanilla kernel), 2.6.32-5 --- this works: tc filter add dev internal protocol 802.1q parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 ht 1:64 match ip dst 192.168.1.100 at 20 flowid 1:200 Here, "kernel" matches the same for protocol, but counts offset from the beginning of this protocol's header --- I have to add 4 bytes to offset (20, not 16 for dst address). It's ok, seems more logical, as for me. 3.2.11, the latest stable now This works --- as if there is no 802.1q tag at all: tc filter add dev internal protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 ht 1:64 match ip dst 192.168.1.100 flowid 1:200 The problem is that I couldn't find a way to match 802.1q tag so far. Matching 802.1q tag at past I could do this before as follows: tc filter add dev internal protocol 802.1q parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 match u16 0x0ed8 0x0fff at -4 flowid 1:300 Now I'm unable to match 802.1q tag with at 0, at -2, at -4, at -6 or like that. The main issue that I have zero hits count --- this filter is not being checked at all, "wrong protocol", in other words. Please, anyone, help me :-) Thanks!

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• VPN sharing on Mac OS X 10.5 machine

  - by Jens

  I have a rather weird problem. I want to share a VPN connection that has been established by my Mac OS X 10.5 computer with another machine in my network. This is what I did: In the /etc/hostcongig file on the main computer I added the line: IPFORWARDING=-YES- I assigned a fixed IP address to my computer (192.168.178.30), a fixed one to the other machine (192.168.178.60) and my computer's IP address as gateway on the other machine. I connected to my VPN using the internal Mac OS X VPN client (PPTP connection) I run this script: #!/bin/sh natd -same_ports -use_sockets -unregistered_only -dynamic -interface ppp0 -clamp_mss ipfw -f flush ipfw add divert natd ip from any to any via ppp0 ipfw add pass all from any to any sysctl -w net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 Source: Using (and sharing) a VPN connection on your Mac Now everthing works smootly, however speed is an issue. I get 1,8 MBit/s on my main machine and only 0,3 - 0,6 MBit/s on the other one. My question: What could possibly be wrong? Do I have to tweak MTU settings, is there any packet inspection ongoing that needs time....? Any help appreciated!

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• Configuration of Server root email - Change Address and Name on outgoing email

  - by JTWOOD

  As a newbie Postfix user, I've gotten so far and now I am stuck with a SMALL problem. I would like to configure my local network servers to send alerts and like using the following: 1) From address: [email protected] 2) From name: Hostname I can get #1 to work fine using smtp_generic_maps The problem is that on my email client, the name is listed as "root" - as in the header shows the following: Date: Sun, 29 Jul 2012 13:21:01 -0400 (EDT) From: [email protected] (root) To: undisclosed-recipients:; I'd like to change it to "From: [email protected] (Zeus)" I imagine that this can be done in the headers_check, but so far I haven't gotten anything to work and before I waste a ton of time trying to get this to work, I'd like to make sure I am on the right track. My aliasing and genericmaps are set up correctly (As far as I can see and know - the results are correct!). I just want to change that last bit in the From field to reflect the hostname. I would also like to add something in the subject of the outgoing messages for easy filtering - something like Subject: [Zeus.domain] - "Original Subject" Any suggestions are much appreciated. Thanks!

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• Ping with explicit next-hop selection (aka Monitoring multiple default gateways)

  - by Michuelnik

  I have a linux (debian) router with two internet connections (A) and (B). (A) is preferred, (B) is fallback. I want to monitor the internet connection (and not only the availability of the gateways!) and change the default route appropriately. If (A) is not providing internet, switch to (B) If (A) is providing internet again, switch back to (A). Only problem I have is in case (2). My routing table points towards a working internet so I cannot easily detect whether internet is working over link (A) again. I am search for a ping or traceroute (or other diagnosis-tool) which can select the next-hop explicitly. ping -r looks promising, but can only ping a host on the lan. (It only has to write another destination address in the packet, damnit!) traceroute -g gateway looks even more promising and nearly does what I want - but sets source routing options which my next-hops deny. (Not within my administrative boundary...) I just want a $ping, that can: select a source interface (and address) select a next-hop on that interface ping any arbitrary ip address I could do evil trickery with policy-based routing but that would have production impact for all users. I would like to see a side-effect-free solution....

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