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  • Complete Guide to Symbolic Links (symlinks) on Windows or Linux

    - by Matthew Guay
    Want to easily access folders and files from different folders without maintaining duplicate copies?  Here’s how you can use Symbolic Links to link anything in Windows 7, Vista, XP, and Ubuntu. So What Are Symbolic Links Anyway? Symbolic links, otherwise known as symlinks, are basically advanced shortcuts. You can create symbolic links to individual files or folders, and then these will appear like they are stored in the folder with the symbolic link even though the symbolic link only points to their real location. There are two types of symbolic links: hard and soft. Soft symbolic links work essentially the same as a standard shortcut.  When you open a soft link, you will be redirected to the folder where the files are stored.  However, a hard link makes it appear as though the file or folder actually exists at the location of the symbolic link, and your applications won’t know any different. Thus, hard links are of the most interest in this article. Why should I use Symbolic Links? There are many things we use symbolic links for, so here’s some of the top uses we can think of: Sync any folder with Dropbox – say, sync your Pidgin Profile Across Computers Move the settings folder for any program from its original location Store your Music/Pictures/Videos on a second hard drive, but make them show up in your standard Music/Pictures/Videos folders so they’ll be detected my your media programs (Windows 7 Libraries can also be good for this) Keep important files accessible from multiple locations And more! If you want to move files to a different drive or folder and then symbolically link them, follow these steps: Close any programs that may be accessing that file or folder Move the file or folder to the new desired location Follow the correct instructions below for your operating system to create the symbolic link. Caution: Make sure to never create a symbolic link inside of a symbolic link. For instance, don’t create a symbolic link to a file that’s contained in a symbolic linked folder. This can create a loop, which can cause millions of problems you don’t want to deal with. Seriously. Create Symlinks in Any Edition of Windows in Explorer Creating symlinks is usually difficult, but thanks to the free Link Shell Extension, you can create symbolic links in all modern version of Windows pain-free.  You need to download both Visual Studio 2005 redistributable, which contains the necessary prerequisites, and Link Shell Extension itself (links below).  Download the correct version (32 bit or 64 bit) for your computer. Run and install the Visual Studio 2005 Redistributable installer first. Then install the Link Shell Extension on your computer. Your taskbar will temporally disappear during the install, but will quickly come back. Now you’re ready to start creating symbolic links.  Browse to the folder or file you want to create a symbolic link from.  Right-click the folder or file and select Pick Link Source. To create your symlink, right-click in the folder you wish to save the symbolic link, select “Drop as…”, and then choose the type of link you want.  You can choose from several different options here; we chose the Hardlink Clone.  This will create a hard link to the file or folder we selected.  The Symbolic link option creates a soft link, while the smart copy will fully copy a folder containing symbolic links without breaking them.  These options can be useful as well.   Here’s our hard-linked folder on our desktop.  Notice that the folder looks like its contents are stored in Desktop\Downloads, when they are actually stored in C:\Users\Matthew\Desktop\Downloads.  Also, when links are created with the Link Shell Extension, they have a red arrow on them so you can still differentiate them. And, this works the same way in XP as well. Symlinks via Command Prompt Or, for geeks who prefer working via command line, here’s how you can create symlinks in Command Prompt in Windows 7/Vista and XP. In Windows 7/Vista In Windows Vista and 7, we’ll use the mklink command to create symbolic links.  To use it, we have to open an administrator Command Prompt.  Enter “command” in your start menu search, right-click on Command Prompt, and select “Run as administrator”. To create a symbolic link, we need to enter the following in command prompt: mklink /prefix link_path file/folder_path First, choose the correct prefix.  Mklink can create several types of links, including the following: /D – creates a soft symbolic link, which is similar to a standard folder or file shortcut in Windows.  This is the default option, and mklink will use it if you do not enter a prefix. /H – creates a hard link to a file /J – creates a hard link to a directory or folder So, once you’ve chosen the correct prefix, you need to enter the path you want for the symbolic link, and the path to the original file or folder.  For example, if I wanted a folder in my Dropbox folder to appear like it was also stored in my desktop, I would enter the following: mklink /J C:\Users\Matthew\Desktop\Dropbox C:\Users\Matthew\Documents\Dropbox Note that the first path was to the symbolic folder I wanted to create, while the second path was to the real folder. Here, in this command prompt screenshot, you can see that I created a symbolic link of my Music folder to my desktop.   And here’s how it looks in Explorer.  Note that all of my music is “really” stored in C:\Users\Matthew\Music, but here it looks like it is stored in C:\Users\Matthew\Desktop\Music. If your path has any spaces in it, you need to place quotes around it.  Note also that the link can have a different name than the file it links to.  For example, here I’m going to create a symbolic link to a document on my desktop: mklink /H “C:\Users\Matthew\Desktop\ebook.pdf”  “C:\Users\Matthew\Downloads\Before You Call Tech Support.pdf” Don’t forget the syntax: mklink /prefix link_path Target_file/folder_path In Windows XP Windows XP doesn’t include built-in command prompt support for symbolic links, but we can use the free Junction tool instead.  Download Junction (link below), and unzip the folder.  Now open Command Prompt (click Start, select All Programs, then Accessories, and select Command Prompt), and enter cd followed by the path of the folder where you saved Junction. Junction only creates hard symbolic links, since you can use shortcuts for soft ones.  To create a hard symlink, we need to enter the following in command prompt: junction –s link_path file/folder_path As with mklink in Windows 7 or Vista, if your file/folder path has spaces in it make sure to put quotes around your paths.  Also, as usual, your symlink can have a different name that the file/folder it points to. Here, we’re going to create a symbolic link to our My Music folder on the desktop.  We entered: junction -s “C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\Music” “C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\My Documents\My Music” And here’s the contents of our symlink.  Note that the path looks like these files are stored in a Music folder directly on the Desktop, when they are actually stored in My Documents\My Music.  Once again, this works with both folders and individual files. Please Note: Junction would work the same in Windows 7 or Vista, but since they include a built-in symbolic link tool we found it better to use it on those versions of Windows. Symlinks in Ubuntu Unix-based operating systems have supported symbolic links since their inception, so it is straightforward to create symbolic links in Linux distros such as Ubuntu.  There’s no graphical way to create them like the Link Shell Extension for Windows, so we’ll just do it in Terminal. Open terminal (open the Applications menu, select Accessories, and then click Terminal), and enter the following: ln –s file/folder_path link_path Note that this is opposite of the Windows commands; you put the source for the link first, and then the path second. For example, let’s create a symbolic link of our Pictures folder in our Desktop.  To do this, we entered: ln -s /home/maguay/Pictures /home/maguay/Desktop   Once again, here is the contents of our symlink folder.  The pictures look as if they’re stored directly in a Pictures folder on the Desktop, but they are actually stored in maguay\Pictures. Delete Symlinks Removing symbolic links is very simple – just delete the link!  Most of the command line utilities offer a way to delete a symbolic link via command prompt, but you don’t need to go to the trouble.   Conclusion Symbolic links can be very handy, and we use them constantly to help us stay organized and keep our hard drives from overflowing.  Let us know how you use symbolic links on your computers! Download Link Shell Extension for Windows 7, Vista, and XP Download Junction for XP Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Using Symlinks in Windows VistaHow To Figure Out Your PC’s Host Name From the Command PromptInstall IceWM on Ubuntu LinuxAdd Color Coding to Windows 7 Media Center Program GuideSync Your Pidgin Profile Across Multiple PCs with Dropbox TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 Gadfly is a cool Twitter/Silverlight app Enable DreamScene in Windows 7 Microsoft’s “How Do I ?” Videos Home Networks – How do they look like & the problems they cause Check Your IMAP Mail Offline In Thunderbird Follow Finder Finds You Twitter Users To Follow

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  • Delete directory by referencing symbolic link

    - by Adam
    To set up the question, imagine this scenario: mkdir ~/temp cd ~/ ln -s temp temporary rm -rf temporary, rm -f temporary, and rm temporary each will remove the symbolic link but leave the directory ~/temp/. I have a script where the name of the symbolic link is easily derived but the name of the linked directory is not. Is there a way to remove the directory by referencing the symbolic link, short of parsing the name of the directory from ls -od ~/temporary?

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  • Help with creating symbolic link

    - by user1737794
    I'm a little bit confused with how the symbolic links work. I hope someone can guide me in the right direction. I want to put a demo online from our software, which normally only runs locally on a Mac Mini. So I put all the files in the var/www from my Ubuntu 12.04 server installation. There are a lot of hardcoded links in the software which point to "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/narrowcasting" Of course I can change all these code on my html/php files in /var/www, but that would be quite annoying. I hope I can fix this by creating a symbolic link. For example I have a directory called thumb in /var/www/thumb. The php code is trying to put a image in /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/narrowcasting/thumb. Can anyone give me a tip how to achieve this with a symbolic link? Thanks in advance.

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  • Need ProFTPd to follow symbolic link

    - by FMaz008
    I have 2 folder: /var/www/project1/ /var/www/repository/module/ and I have this symbolic link: /var/www/project1/module/News = /var/www/repository/module/News I know the target is outside the ftp root folder. But I want to make proFTPd to be able to display&follow that symbolic link. The security is NOT a matter, we use that FTP on the local network for development purpose only. Ps.: I also use GADMIN-PROFTPD, and I installed everything by default, using apt-get install.

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  • Symbolic Link: No such file or directory

    - by Sehe
    i created a symbolic Link from a File at "/opt/bladir/bla" to "bla". So "bla" is now in "/usr/bin/bla". But if i want to call "bla" at terminal, there comes the No such file or directory error. I looked up at "/usr/bin/bla" and the file is linking correctly at "/opt/bladir/bla". What can be the error? P.S. here is my terminal "entry": sudo ln -s /opt/bladir/bla bla Thanks! €: Problem solved. According to the Feature List, 12.04 should have Multiarch support... 'should'. I got the ia32-libs from synaptic and now the program wents just fine. As it looks, my symbolic links where correct. Thank you for all the answers!

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  • Failed to create symbolic link to keytool

    - by mt0s
    Keytool is /usr/bin/keytool and points to /etc/alternatives/keytool which in turn points to /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/keytool. Now I have installed java version 1.7.0_45 so I need to change keytool to the new path : /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_45/jre/bin/keytool I tried deleting the /usr/bin/keytool with rm -rf and then adding a new link like : sudo ln -s /usr/bin/keytool /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_45/jre/bin/keytool but what I get is ln: failed to create symbolic link `/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_45/jre/bin/keytool': File exists I also tried : sudo update-alternatives --config keytool There is only one alternative in link group keytool: /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/keytool Nothing to configure. update-alternatives: warning: forcing reinstallation of alternative /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/keytool because link group keytool is broken. but doesn't works too. Any suggestions ? Thank you

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  • Is it inefficient to have symbolic links to symbolic links?

    - by Ogre Psalm33
    We're setting up a series of Makefiles where we want to have a project-level include directory that will have symbolic links to sub-project-level include files. Many sub-project developers have chosen to have their include files also be symbolic links to yet another directory where the actual software is located. So my question is, is it inefficient to have a symbolic link to a symbolic link to another file (for, say, a C++ header that may be included dozens or more times during a compile)? Example directory tree: /project/include/ x_header1.h -> /project/src/csci_x/include/header1.h x_header2.h -> /project/src/csci_x/include/header2.h /project/src/csci_x/ include/ header1.h -> /project/src/csci_x/local_1/cxx/header1.h header2.h -> /project/src/csci_x/local_2/cxx/header2.h local_1/cxx/ module1.cpp header1.h local_2/cxx/ module2.cpp header2.h

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  • Setup symbolic link where users can access it with FTP

    - by Dan Shields
    I have a folder on a server where a client of mine has a bunch of folders that they upload images and what not for a site, I do a symbolic link to those folders to the root of the website. This way I can give them ftp access to upload whatever they need without having access to the root level of the website. I have another folder that I can't setup as a symbolic link to their folder, which has images they need to upload to. I know that if I create a symbolic link the other way around where the sym link is in their folder, they can't access it through FTP. There has to be a way without creating two separate FTP accounts and give a user the ability to upload to a different directory that is outside of their home directory. I see that it is ftp specific and that there are some settings that can be changed but I haven't seen any clear cut answers for the best way to handle this.

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  • Using symbolic link in Windows XP

    - by Stan
    Junction is a good symbolic link tool in XP. However, it's not so easy to use at first moment, ie. only can use command line interface; move/rename target file/folder; got to use 'junction -d ' to delete link, don't allow delete in explore, but it's hard to distinguish if it's a symbolic link. Is there any guides for how to use junction in XP like what to do and not to do?

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  • Append symbolic link to served media

    - by Hellnar
    Hello, I have two folders such as nonserved/ folder1/ folder2/ and a served folder via Apache media/ js/ css/ img/ In the end, I want to include/append contents of /nonserved to /media so that www.mysite.com/media will be as such: /media /js /css /img /folder1 /folder2 I am running Ubuntu Server, I am up for either apache config or symbolic link based answer :) Plus nonserved folder is rather dynamic thus manual symbolic linking to each folder is impossible.

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  • Using dropbox / symbolic link combo successfully

    - by wim
    In the past I have kept some files on dropbox by copying them into my ~/Dropbox folder on Ubuntu. I don't want to move the original files into Dropbox synch folder or muck around with my directory structure. Then I have found I was using dropbox more and more, and wasting a lot of space this way by duplication of data. I use a small SSD locally for OS, any other data is kept on mounted shares from my NAS. I found I could successfully get files up to the cloud by using symbolic links like: ln -s /some/mounted/share/dir ~/Dropbox/dir And dropbox would carry on and sync those files remotely whilst only using up the space of the symbolic link locally. This worked well for me for a few weeks, until I turned on my laptop one day and saw '421 files have been removed from your dropbox' notification. They were still there in the original mounted share, but the symbolic links I'd made were completely gone for some reason. What did I do wrong? It is possible the share could have become unmounted, but I didn't expect this would cause all my files to be deleted from the cloud could it? How can I 'share' files on my dropbox in this way without the danger of the originals being modified from remotely?

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  • Using symbolic links with git

    - by Alfredo Palhares
    I used to have my system configuration files all in one directory for better management but now i need to use some version control on it. But the problem is that git doesn't understand symbolic links that point to outside of the repository, and i can't invert the role ( having the real files on the repository and the symbolic links on their proper path ) since some files are read before the kernel loads. I think that I can use unison to sync the files in the repo and and the their paths, but it's just not practical. And hard links will probably be broken. Any idea ?

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  • remote symbolic link / junction

    - by Blueberry
    Might be a pretty obvious one but have had some trouble finding solid answers. I have a directory on a windows network share containing different versions of an application. I would like to have a link to one of these called 'current', which will be a symbolic link to the directory sitting beside all the other versions and pointing to one of these. Creating this link seems to be more of an issue than I would have thought. Looks like symlink only shows the link on the same machine as where it was created (which is not going to work for obvious reasons) and junction needs to be run on the server which is practically impossible due to various restrictions. What would be the best way to go about this? Would I just need to copy the files twice or can I have a symbolic link which can be created and accessed remotely?

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  • Windows Server 2008 Create Symbolic Link, updated Security Policy still gives privilege error

    - by Matt
    Windows Server 2008, RC2. I am trying to create a symbolic/soft link using the mklink command: mklink /D LinkName TargetDir e.g. c:\temp\>mklink /D foo bar This works fine if I run the command line as Administrator. However, I need it to work for regular users as well, because ultimately I need another program (executing as a user) to be able to do this. So, I updated the Local Security Policy via secpol.msc. Under "Local Policies" "User Rights Management" "Create symbolic links", I added "Users" to the security setting. I rebooted the machine. It still didn't work. So I added "Everyone" to the policy. Rebooted. And STILL it didn't work. What on earth am I doing wrong here? I think my user is even an Administrator on this box, and running plain command line even with this updated policy in place still gives me: You do not have sufficient privilege to perform this operation.

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  • NFSv4 "Too many levels of symbolic links" error

    - by user1434058
    Both machines are running Ubuntu 12.04 Remote NFSv4 Client $ ls /mnt/storage/aaaaaaa_aaa/bbbb/cccc_ccccc gives this error: ls: reading directory .: Too many levels of symbolic links How can I fix this? When error occurs ls start listing the files, however PHP brakes. On the NFSv4 Server In /etc/fstab: /mnt/storage /srv/storage none bind 0 0 In /etc/exports /srv 192.168.1.0/24(rw,async,insecure,no_subtree_check,crossmnt,fsid=0,no_root_squash) /srv/storage 192.168.1.0/24(rw,async,nohide,insecure,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash) ERROR root@ds:root@ds:/mnt/storage/foreign_dbs/imdb/imdb_htmls# ls -l | head ls: reading directory .: Too many levels of symbolic links total 10302840 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10484 Jul 5 13:56 0019038.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16264 Mar 30 00:31 0259701.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13784 Mar 30 14:20 1000000.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12741 Mar 30 13:04 1000003.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12794 Mar 30 12:40 1000004.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13123 Mar 30 12:07 1000005.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13183 Mar 30 12:04 1000006.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13443 Jul 4 01:16 1000007.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12968 Mar 30 11:05 1000008.gz I came across it in PHP. scandir would return 1612577.gz & 1612579.gz, but skips 1612578.gz and yet the file types and properties are identical on them and this only happens on the nfs client, works 100% on the server

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  • Why doesn't my symbolic link work?

    - by orokusaki
    I'm trying to better understand symbolic links... and not having very much luck. This is my actual shell output with username/host changed: username@host:~$ mkdir actual username@host:~$ mkdir proper username@host:~$ touch actual/file-1.txt username@host:~$ echo "file 1" > actual/file-1.txt username@host:~$ touch actual/file-2.txt username@host:~$ echo "file 2" > actual/file-2.txt username@host:~$ ln -s actual/file-1.txt actual/file-2.txt proper username@host:~$ # Now, try to use the files through their links username@host:~$ cat proper/file-1.txt cat: proper/file-1.txt: No such file or directory username@host:~$ cat proper/file-2.txt cat: proper/file-2.txt: No such file or directory username@host:~$ # Check that actual files do in fact exist username@host:~$ cat actual/file-1.txt file 1 username@host:~$ cat actual/file-2.txt file 2 username@host:~$ # Remove the links and go home :( username@host:~$ rm proper/file-1.txt username@host:~$ rm proper/file-2.txt I thought that a symbolic link was supposed to operate transparently, in the sense that you could operate on the file that it points to as if you were accessing the file directly (except of course in the case of rm where of course the link is simply removed).

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  • Symbolic Links Between User Accounts

    - by Pez Cuckow
    I have been using a cron job to duplicate a folder into another users account every day and someone suggested using symbolic links instead although I cannot get them to work. In summary user GAMER generates log files that they want to access via HTTP, however I only have a web-server in the user account SERVER, in the past I would copy the logs folder from GAMERS account into SERVER/public_html/. and then chmod the files so the server could access them. Trying to use symbolic links I set up a link from root (as only root can access both accounts) I used: ln -s /home/GAMER/game/logs/ /home/SERVER/public_html/logs However it seems that only root can use this link, I tried chmoding the link, all the files in the gamers /game/logs/*, /game/logs itself to 777 as well as changing chown and chgrp to server the files still cannot be read. When viewed from servers account my shell shows the link and where it is to hi-lighted in black with red text. Am I doing something wrong? Please enlighten me! /home/GAMER/game/ (chmod & chgrp) drwxrwxrwx 3 SERVER SERVER 4096 2011-01-07 15:46 logs /home/SERVER/public_html (chmod -h & chgrp -h) lrwxrwxrwx 1 server server 41 2011-01-07 19:53 logs -> /home/GAMER/game/logs/

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  • Scenario - NTFS Symbolic Link or Junction?

    - by Unsigned
    Differences Absolute Relative File Directory UNC Symbolic link ? ? ? ? ? Junction ? x x ? x Scenario Let's assume we're creating a reparse point to create the redirect C:\SomeDir => D:\SomeDir Since this scenario only requires local, absolute paths, either a junction or symlink would work. In this situation, is there any advantage to using one or the other? Assume Windows 7 for the OS, disregarding backward-compatibility (prior to Vista, symlinks are not supported). Update I have found another difference. Symbolic Link - Link's permissions only affect delete/rename operations on the link itself, read/write access (to the target) is governed by the target's permissions Junction - Junction's permissions affect enumeration, revoking permissions on the junction will deny file listing through that junction, even if the target folder has more permissive ACLs The permissions make it interesting, as symlinks can allow legacy applications to access configuration files in UAC-restricted areas (such as %ProgramFiles%) without changing existing access permissions, by storing the files in a non-restricted location and creating symlinks in the restricted directory.

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  • how to check if a path is actual or symbolic link

    - by hits_lucky
    Hi, I am writing my own shell program. I am currently implementing the cd command using chdir. I want to implement the cd with the below options : -P Do not follow symbolic links -L Follow symbolic links (default) My query is that , when a given path is entered on the shell how to figure out if the path is a symbolic link or an absolute path progamatically? Thanks

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  • How do I create a symbolic link to a UNC Path in Windows XP

    - by Sebas
    I have a workstation with Windows XP and I need to make a symbolic link or mount a UNC Path like a local Drive. I need the same behavior that produces M-Daemon tools when you mount an .iso File but with a remote directory. This is because I have a software client that perform several task but only with local drives and directorys. The remote UNC path is a NAS server, thats the why I need to perform all the tasks from a workstations.

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  • how to update a symbolic link target (ln -f -s not working)

    - by solid
    I'm using ln -f -s /var/www/html/releases/build1390 app-current to update symbolic link "app-current" with a new destination. However, this doesn't work, the link "app-current" keeps it original destination, however, I don't get any errors... I'd rather not remove the link and recreate it, just update the target of an existing link. Is that possible?

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