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  • Is SynchronizationContext.Post() threadsafe?

    - by cyclotis04
    This is a pretty basic question, and I imagine that it is, but I can't find any definitive answer. Is SynchronizationContext.Post() threadsafe? I have a member variable which holds the main thread's context, and _context.Post() is being called from multiple threads. I imagine that Post() could be called simultaneously on the object. Should I do something like lock (_contextLock) _context.Post(myDelegate, myEventArgs); or is that unnecessary? Edit: MSDN states that "Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe." Should I keep my lock(), then?

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  • How to make Stack.Pop threadsafe

    - by user260197
    I am using the BlockingQueue code posted in this question, but realized I needed to use a Stack instead of a Queue given how my program runs. I converted it to use a Stack and renamed the class as needed. For performance I removed locking in Push, since my producer code is single threaded. My problem is how can thread working on the (now) thread safe Stack know when it is empty. Even if I add another thread safe wrapper around Count that locks on the underlying collection like Push and Pop do, I still run into the race condition that access Count and then Pop are not atomic. Possible solutions as I see them (which is preferred and am I missing any that would work better?): Consumer threads catch the InvalidOperationException thrown by Pop(). Pop() return a nullptr when _stack-Count == 0, however C++-CLI does not have the default() operator ala C#. Pop() returns a boolean and uses an output parameter to return the popped element. Here is the code I am using right now: generic <typename T> public ref class ThreadSafeStack { public: ThreadSafeStack() { _stack = gcnew Collections::Generic::Stack<T>(); } public: void Push(T element) { _stack->Push(element); } T Pop(void) { System::Threading::Monitor::Enter(_stack); try { return _stack->Pop(); } finally { System::Threading::Monitor::Exit(_stack); } } public: property int Count { int get(void) { System::Threading::Monitor::Enter(_stack); try { return _stack->Count; } finally { System::Threading::Monitor::Exit(_stack); } } } private: Collections::Generic::Stack<T> ^_stack; };

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  • Threadsafe binding with DispatcherObject.CheckAccess()

    - by maffe
    Hi, according to this, I can achieve threadsafety with large overhead. I wrote the following class and use it. It works fine. public abstract class BindingBase : DispatcherObject, INotifyPropertyChanged, INotifyPropertyChanging { private string _displayName; private const string NameDisplayName = "DisplayName"; /// /// The display name for the gui element which bound this instance. It can be used for localization. /// public string DisplayName { get { return _displayName; } set { NotifyPropertyChanging(NameDisplayName); _displayName = value; NotifyPropertyChanged(NameDisplayName); } } protected BindingBase() {} protected BindingBase(string displayName) { DisplayName = displayName; } public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging; protected void NotifyPropertyChanged(string name) { if (PropertyChanged == null) return; if (CheckAccess()) PropertyChanged.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name)); else Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.Normal, (Action) (() = NotifyPropertyChanged(name))); } protected void NotifyPropertyChanging(string name) { if (PropertyChanging == null) return; if (CheckAccess()) PropertyChanging.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangingEventArgs(name)); else Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.Normal, (Action) (() = NotifyPropertyChanging(name))); } } So is there a reason, why I've never found something like that? Are there any issues I should be aware off? Regards

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  • How to show that the double-checked-lock pattern with Dictionary's TryGetValue is not threadsafe in

    - by Amir
    Recently I've seen some C# projects that use a double-checked-lock pattern on a Dictionary. Something like this: private static readonly object _lock = new object(); private static volatile IDictionary<string, object> _cache = new Dictionary<string, object>(); public static object Create(string key) { object val; if (!_cache.TryGetValue(key, out val)) { lock (_lock) { if (!_cache.TryGetValue(key, out val)) { val = new object(); // factory construction based on key here. _cache.Add(key, val); } } } return val; } This code is incorrect, since the Dictionary can be "growing" the collection in _cache.Add() while _cache.TryGetValue (outside the lock) is iterating over the collection. It might be extremely unlikely in many situations, but is still wrong. Is there a simple program to demonstrate that this code fails? Does it make sense to incorporate this into a unit test? And if so, how?

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  • Java: Implement own message queue (threadsafe)

    - by derMax
    The task is to implement my own messagequeue that is thread safe. My approach: public class MessageQueue { /** * Number of strings (messages) that can be stored in the queue. */ private int capacity; /** * The queue itself, all incoming messages are stored in here. */ private Vector<String> queue = new Vector<String>(capacity); /** * Constructor, initializes the queue. * * @param capacity The number of messages allowed in the queue. */ public MessageQueue(int capacity) { this.capacity = capacity; } /** * Adds a new message to the queue. If the queue is full, it waits until a message is released. * * @param message */ public synchronized void send(String message) { //TODO check } /** * Receives a new message and removes it from the queue. * * @return */ public synchronized String receive() { //TODO check return "0"; } } If the queue is empty and I call remove(), I want to call wait() so that another thread can use the send() method. Respectively, I have to call notifyAll() after every iteration. Question: Is that possible? I mean does it work that when I say wait() in one method of an object, that I can then execute another method of the same object? And another question: Does that seem to be clever?

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  • Threadsafe way of exposing keySet()

    - by Jake
    This must be a fairly common occurrence where I have a map and wish to thread-safely expose its key set: public MyClass { Map<String,String> map = // ... public final Set<String> keys() { // returns key set } } Now, if my "map" is not thread-safe, this is not safe: public final Set<String> keys() { return map.keySet(); } And neither is: public final Set<String> keys() { return Collections.unmodifiableSet(map.keySet()); } So I need to create a copy, such as: public final Set<String> keys() { return new HashSet(map.keySet()); } However, this doesn't seem safe either because that constructor traverses the elements of the parameter and add()s them. So while this copying is going on, a ConcurrentModificationException can happen. So then: public final Set<String> keys() { synchronized(map) { return new HashSet(map.keySet()); } } seems like the solution. Does this look right?

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  • What's a good, threadsafe, way to pass error strings back from a C shared library

    - by PerilousApricot
    Hello, all- I'm writing a C shared library for internal use (I'll be dlopen()'ing it to a c++ application, if that matters). The shared library loads (amongst other things) some java code through a JNI module, which means all manners of nightmare error modes can come out of the JVM that I need to handle intelligently in the application. Additionally, this library needs to be re-entrant. Is there in idiom for passing error strings back in this case, or am I stuck mapping errors to integers and using printfs to debug things? Thanks!

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  • In Java Concurrency In Practice by Brian Goetz, why is the Memoizer class not annotated with @ThreadSafe?

    - by dig_dug
    Java Concurrency In Practice by Brian Goetz provides an example of a efficient scalable cache for concurrent use. The final version of the example showing the implementation for class Memoizer (pg 108) shows such a cache. I am wondering why the class is not annotated with @ThreadSafe? The client, class Factorizer, of the cache is properly annotated with @ThreadSafe. The appendix states that if a class is not annotated with either @ThreadSafe or @Immutable that it should be assumed that it isn't thread safe. Memoizer seems thread-safe though. Here is the code for Memoizer: public class Memoizer<A, V> implements Computable<A, V> { private final ConcurrentMap<A, Future<V>> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<A, Future<V>>(); private final Computable<A, V> c; public Memoizer(Computable<A, V> c) { this.c = c; } public V compute(final A arg) throws InterruptedException { while (true) { Future<V> f = cache.get(arg); if (f == null) { Callable<V> eval = new Callable<V>() { public V call() throws InterruptedException { return c.compute(arg); } }; FutureTask<V> ft = new FutureTask<V>(eval); f = cache.putIfAbsent(arg, ft); if (f == null) { f = ft; ft.run(); } } try { return f.get(); } catch (CancellationException e) { cache.remove(arg, f); } catch (ExecutionException e) { throw launderThrowable(e.getCause()); } } } }

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  • Is DataRow thread safe? How to update a single datarow in a datatable using multiple threads? - .net

    - by NLV
    Hello all I want to update a single datarow in a datatable using multiple threads. Is this actually possible? I've written the following code implementing a simple multi-threading to update a single datarow. I get different results each time. Why is it so? public partial class Form1 : Form { private static DataTable dtMain; private static string threadMsg = string.Empty; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Thread[] thArr = new Thread[5]; dtMain = new DataTable(); dtMain.Columns.Add("SNo"); DataRow dRow; dRow = dtMain.NewRow(); dRow["SNo"] = 5; dtMain.Rows.Add(dRow); dtMain.AcceptChanges(); ThreadStart ts = new ThreadStart(delegate { dtUpdate(); }); thArr[0] = new Thread(ts); thArr[1] = new Thread(ts); thArr[2] = new Thread(ts); thArr[3] = new Thread(ts); thArr[4] = new Thread(ts); thArr[0].Start(); thArr[1].Start(); thArr[2].Start(); thArr[3].Start(); thArr[4].Start(); while (!WaitTillAllThreadsStopped(thArr)) { Thread.Sleep(500); } foreach (Thread thread in thArr) { if (thread != null && thread.IsAlive) { thread.Abort(); } } dgvMain.DataSource = dtMain; } private void dtUpdate() { for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { try { dtMain.Rows[0][0] = Convert.ToInt32(dtMain.Rows[0][0]) + 1; dtMain.AcceptChanges(); } catch { continue; } } } private bool WaitTillAllThreadsStopped(Thread[] threads) { foreach (Thread thread in threads) { if (thread != null && thread.ThreadState == ThreadState.Running) { return false; } } return true; } } Any thoughts on this? Thank you NLV

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  • Lightweight spinlocks built from GCC atomic operations?

    - by Thomas
    I'd like to minimize synchronization and write lock-free code when possible in a project of mine. When absolutely necessary I'd love to substitute light-weight spinlocks built from atomic operations for pthread and win32 mutex locks. My understanding is that these are system calls underneath and could cause a context switch (which may be unnecessary for very quick critical sections where simply spinning a few times would be preferable). The atomic operations I'm referring to are well documented here: http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.4.1/gcc/Atomic-Builtins.html Here is an example to illustrate what I'm talking about. Imagine a RB-tree with multiple readers and writers possible. RBTree::exists() is read-only and thread safe, RBTree::insert() would require exclusive access by a single writer (and no readers) to be safe. Some code: class IntSetTest { private: unsigned short lock; RBTree<int>* myset; public: // ... void add_number(int n) { // Aquire once locked==false (atomic) while (__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, 0, 0xffff) == false); // Perform a thread-unsafe operation on the set myset->insert(n); // Unlock (atomic) __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, 0xffff, 0); } bool check_number(int n) { // Increment once the lock is below 0xffff u16 savedlock = lock; while (savedlock == 0xffff || __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, savedlock, savedlock+1) == false) savedlock = lock; // Perform read-only operation bool exists = tree->exists(n); // Decrement savedlock = lock; while (__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&lock, savedlock, savedlock-1) == false) savedlock = lock; return exists; } }; (lets assume it need not be exception-safe) Is this code indeed thread-safe? Are there any pros/cons to this idea? Any advice? Is the use of spinlocks like this a bad idea if the threads are not truly concurrent? Thanks in advance. ;)

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  • Thread safe lockfree mutual ByteArray queue

    - by user313421
    A byte stream should be transferred and there is one producer thread and a consumer one. Speed of producer is higher than consumer most of the time, and I need enough buffered data for QoS of my application. I read about my problem and there are solutions like shared buffer, PipeStream .NET class ... This class is going to be instantiated many times on server so I need and optimized solution. Is it good idea to use a Queue of ByteArray ? If yes, I'll use an optimization algorithm to guess the Queue size and each ByteArray capacity and theoretically it fits my case. If no, I what's the best approach ? Please let me know if there's a good lock free thread safe implementation of ByteArray Queue in C# or VB. Thanks in advance

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  • Is there anyway to write the following as a C++ macro?

    - by anon
    my_macro << 1 << "hello world" << blah->getValue() << std::endl; should expand into: std::ostringstream oss; oss << 1 << "hello world" << blah->getValue() << std::endl; ThreadSafeLogging(oss.str()); Thanks! EDIT: the accepted answer is awesome. Can we upvote 8 more times and win this responder a badge? (The answer only needs 6 more upvotes). 4 more votes to go from 21 to 25. 3 more. :-) Victory. :-)

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  • Unit Testing an Event Firing From a Thread

    - by Dougc
    I'm having a problem unit testing a class which fires events when a thread starts and finishes. A cut down version of the offending source is as follows: public class ThreadRunner { private bool keepRunning; public event EventHandler Started; public event EventHandler Finished; public void StartThreadTest() { this.keepRunning = true; var thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.LongRunningMethod)); thread.Start(); } public void FinishThreadTest() { this.keepRunning = false; } protected void OnStarted() { if (this.Started != null) this.Started(this, new EventArgs()); } protected void OnFinished() { if (this.Finished != null) this.Finished(this, new EventArgs()); } private void LongRunningMethod() { this.OnStarted(); while (this.keepRunning) Thread.Sleep(100); this.OnFinished(); } } I then have a test to check that the Finished event fires after the LongRunningMethod has finished as follows: [TestClass] public class ThreadRunnerTests { [TestMethod] public void CheckFinishedEventFiresTest() { var threadTest = new ThreadRunner(); bool finished = false; object locker = new object(); threadTest.Finished += delegate(object sender, EventArgs e) { lock (locker) { finished = true; Monitor.Pulse(locker); } }; threadTest.StartThreadTest(); threadTest.FinishThreadTest(); lock (locker) { Monitor.Wait(locker, 1000); Assert.IsTrue(finished); } } } So the idea here being that the test will block for a maximum of one second - or until the Finish event is fired - before checking whether the finished flag is set. Clearly I've done something wrong as sometimes the test will pass, sometimes it won't. Debugging seems very difficult as well as the breakpoints I'd expect to be hit (the OnFinished method, for example) don't always seem to be. I'm assuming this is just my misunderstanding of the way threading works, so hopefully someone can enlighten me.

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  • Is there anyway to write the following as a C/C++ macro?

    - by anon
    my_macro << 1 << "hello world" << blah->getValue() << std::endl; should expand into: std::ostringstream oss; oss << 1 << "hello world" << blah->getValue() << std::endl; ThreadSafeLogging(oss.str()); Thanks! EDIT: the accepted answer is awesome. Can we upvote 8 more times and win this responder a badge? (The answer only needs 6 more upvotes). 4 more votes to go from 21 to 25. 3 more. :-) Victory. :-)

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  • [C++] Needed: A simple C++ container (stack, linked list) that is thread-safe for writing

    - by conradlee
    I am writing a multi-threaded program using OpenMP in C++. At one point my program forks into many threads, each of which need to add "jobs" to some container that keeps track of all added jobs. Each job can just be a pointer to some object. Basically, I just need the add pointers to some container from several threads at the same time. Is there a simple solution that performs well? After some googling, I found that STL containers are not thread-safe. Some stackoverflow threads address this question, but none form a consensus on a simple solution.

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  • Simple C++ container class that is thread-safe for writing

    - by conradlee
    I am writing a multi-threaded program using OpenMP in C++. At one point my program forks into many threads, each of which need to add "jobs" to some container that keeps track of all added jobs. Each job can just be a pointer to some object. Basically, I just need the add pointers to some container from several threads at the same time. Is there a simple solution that performs well? After some googling, I found that STL containers are not thread-safe. Some stackoverflow threads address this question, but none that forms a consensus on a simple solution.

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  • Why does OSX document atoi/atof as not being threadsafe?

    - by Larry Gritz
    I understand that strtol and strtof are preferred to atoi/atof, since the former detect errors, and also strtol is much more flexible than atoi when it comes to non-base-10. But I'm still curious about something: 'man atoi' (or atof) on OS X (though not on Linux!) mentions that atoi/atof are not threadsafe. I frankly have a hard time imagining a possible implementation of atoi or atof that would not be threadsafe. Does anybody know why the man page says this? Are these functions actually unsafe on OS X or any other platform? And if they are, why on earth wouldn't the library just define atoi in terms of strtol, and therefore be safe?

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  • Best practices for Java logging from multiple threads?

    - by Jason S
    I want to have a diagnostic log that is produced by several tasks managing data. These tasks may be in multiple threads. Each task needs to write an element (possibly with subelements) to the log; get in and get out quickly. If this were a single-task situation I'd use XMLStreamWriter as it seems like the best match for simplicity/functionality without having to hold a ballooning XML document in memory. But it's not a single-task situation, and I'm not sure how to best make sure this is "threadsafe", where "threadsafe" in this application means that each log element should be written to the log correctly and serially (one after the other and not interleaved in any way). Any suggestions? I have a vague intuition that the way to go is to use a queue of log elements (with each one able to be produced quickly: my application is busy doing real work that's performance-sensitive), and have a separate thread which handles the log elements and sends them to a file so the logging doesn't interrupt the producers. The logging doesn't necessarily have to be XML, but I do want it to be structured and machine-readable. edit: I put "threadsafe" in quotes. Log4j seems to be the obvious choice (new to me but old to the community), why reinvent the wheel...

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  • Is locking on the requested object a bad idea?

    - by Quick Joe Smith
    Most advice on thread safety involves some variation of the following pattern: public class Thing { private static readonly object padlock = new object(); private string stuff, andNonsense; public string Stuff { get { lock (Thing.padlock) { if (this.stuff == null) this.stuff = "Threadsafe!"; } return this.stuff; } } public string AndNonsense { get { lock (Thing.padlock) { if (this.andNonsense == null) this.andNonsense = "Also threadsafe!"; } return this.andNonsense; } } // Rest of class... } In cases where the get operations are expensive and unrelated, a single locking object is unsuitable because a call to Stuff would block all calls to AndNonsense, degrading performance. And rather than create a lock object for each call, wouldn't it be better to acquire the lock on the member itself (assuming it is not something that implements SyncRoot or somesuch for that purpose? For example: public string Stuff { get { lock (this.stuff) { // Pretend that this is a very expensive operation. if (this.stuff == null) this.stuff = "Still threadsafe and good?"; } return this.stuff; } } Strangely, I have never seen this approach recommended or warned against. Am I missing something obvious?

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  • Grails/Spring HttpServletRequest synchronization

    - by Jeff Storey
    I was writing a simple Grails app and I have a spot in a gsp where one of my java beans in modified. <g:each in="${myList}" status="i" var="myVar"> // if the user performs some view action, update one of the myVar elements </g:each> This works, but I don't think it's quite threadsafe. myList is an http request variable but in cases of pages that use ajax (or other client side manipulations), it is possible for two threads to be modifying the same request scope variable The Spring AbstractController class provides a setSynchronizeOnSession method. Does grails provide any equivalent functionality? If not, what's the best way to protect this non-threadsafe mutation? thanks, Jeff

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  • Tomcat threads vs Java threads

    - by black666
    When using java threads, one has to take care of the basic problems that come with concurrency through synchronization etc. AFAIK Tomcat also works with threads to handle its workload. Why is it, that I don't have to think about making my code threadsafe when it is running in Tomcat?

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