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Articles indexed in June 2010

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  • Java playback of 24 bit audio is incorrect

    - by Paul Hampson
    I am using the javax sound API to implement a simple console playback program based on http://www.jsresources.org/examples/AudioPlayer.html. Having tested it using a 24 bit ramp file (each sample is the last sample plus 1 over the full 24 bit range) it is evident that something odd is happening during playback. The recorded output is not the contents of the file (I have a digital loopback to verify this). It seems to be misinterpreting the samples in some way that causes the left channel to look like it is having some gain applied to it and the right channel looks like it is being attenuated. I have looked into whether the PAN and BALANCE controls need setting but these aren't available and I have checked the windows xp sound system settings. Any other form of playback of this ramp file is fine. If I do the same test with a 16bit file it performs correctly with no corruption of the stream. So does anyone have any idea why the Java Sound API is modifying my audio stream?

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  • What is wrong here (will update): subset in geom_point does not work as expected

    - by Andreas
    I ask the following in the hope that someone might come up with a generic description about the problem.Basically I have no idea whats wrong with my code. When I run the code below, plot nr. 8 turns out wrong. Specifically the subset in geom_point does not work the way it should. If somebody can tell me what the problem is, I'll update this post. SOdata <- structure(list(id = 10:55, one = c(7L, 8L, 7L, NA, 7L, 8L, 5L, 7L, 7L, 8L, NA, 10L, 8L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 6L, 5L, 6L, 8L, 4L, 7L, 6L, 9L, 7L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 6L, 5L, 8L, 8L, 7L, 7L, 6L, 6L, 8L, 6L, 8L, 8L, 7L, 7L, 5L, 5L, 8L), two = c(7L, NA, 8L, NA, 10L, 10L, 8L, 9L, 4L, 10L, NA, 10L, 9L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 7L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 9L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 10L, 9L, 10L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 8L, 8L, 7L, 10L, 8L, 9L, 7L, 9L), three = c(7L, 10L, 7L, NA, 10L, 10L, NA, 10L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 10L, NA, NA, 4L, NA, 7L, 7L, 4L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 4L, 7L, NA, 10L, 4L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 10L, 4L, 10L, 10L, 10L, 4L, 10L, 10L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 10L), four = c(7L, 10L, 4L, NA, 10L, 7L, NA, 7L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 10L, NA, NA, 4L, NA, 10L, 10L, 7L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 7L, 7L, NA, 10L, 7L, 4L, 10L, 4L, 7L, 10L, 2L, 10L, 4L, 12L, 4L, 7L, 10L, 10L, 12L, 12L, 4L, 7L, 10L), five = c(7L, NA, 6L, NA, 8L, 8L, 7L, NA, 9L, NA, NA, NA, 9L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 7L, 8L, NA, NA, 7L, 7L, 4L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 5L, 6L, 5L, 7L, 7L, 6L, 9L, NA, 10L, 7L, 8L, 5L, 7L, 10L, 7L, 4L, 5L, 10L), six = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("2010-05-25", "2010-05-27", "2010-06-07"), class = "factor"), seven = c(0.777777777777778, 0.833333333333333, 0.333333333333333, 0.888888888888889, 0.5, 0.888888888888889, 0.777777777777778, 0.722222222222222, 0.277777777777778, 0.611111111111111, 0.722222222222222, 1, 0.888888888888889, 0.722222222222222, 0.555555555555556, NA, 0, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.722222222222222, 0.833333333333333, 0.888888888888889, 0.666666666666667, 1, 0.777777777777778, 0.722222222222222, 0.5, 0.833333333333333, 0.722222222222222, 0.388888888888889, 0.722222222222222, 1, 0.611111111111111, 0.777777777777778, 0.722222222222222, 0.944444444444444, 0.555555555555556, 0.666666666666667, 0.722222222222222, 0.444444444444444, 0.333333333333333, 0.777777777777778), eight = c(0.666666666666667, 0.333333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 1, 1, 0.833333333333333, 0.166666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 1, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.333333333333333, 0.5, 0, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.333333333333333, 0.333333333333333, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 0, 0.833333333333333, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 1, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667), nine = c(0.307692307692308, NA, 0.461538461538462, 0.538461538461538, 1, 0.769230769230769, 0.538461538461538, 0.692307692307692, 0, 0.153846153846154, 0.769230769230769, NA, 0.461538461538462, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0, 0.615384615384615, 0.615384615384615, 0.769230769230769, 0.384615384615385, 0.846153846153846, 0.923076923076923, 0.615384615384615, 0.692307692307692, 0.0769230769230769, 0.846153846153846, 0.384615384615385, 0.384615384615385, 0.461538461538462, 0.384615384615385, 0.461538461538462, NA, 0.923076923076923, 0.692307692307692, 0.615384615384615, 0.615384615384615, 0.769230769230769, 0.0769230769230769, 0.230769230769231, 0.692307692307692, 0.769230769230769, 0.230769230769231, 0.769230769230769, 0.615384615384615), ten = c(0.875, 0.625, 0.375, 0.75, 0.75, 0.75, 0.625, 0.875, 1, 0.125, 1, NA, 0.625, 0.75, 0.75, 0.375, NA, 0.625, 0.5, 0.75, 0.875, 0.625, 0.875, 0.75, 0.625, 0.875, 0.5, 0.75, 0, 0.5, 0.875, 1, 0.75, 0.125, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.625, 0.375, 0.625, 0.625, 0.75, 0.875, 0.375, 0, 0.875), elleven = c(1, 0.8, 0.7, 0.9, 0, 1, 0.9, 0.5, 0, 0.8, 0.8, NA, 0.8, NA, NA, 0.8, NA, 0.4, 0.8, 0.5, 1, 0.4, 0.5, 0.9, 0.8, 1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.3, 0.9, 0.2, 1, 0.8, 0.1, 1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.2, 0.7, 0.8, 1, 0.9, 0.6, 0.8, 0.2, 1), twelve = c(0.666666666666667, NA, 0.133333333333333, 1, 1, 0.8, 0.4, 0.733333333333333, NA, 0.933333333333333, NA, NA, 0.6, 0.533333333333333, NA, 0.533333333333333, NA, 0, 0.6, 0.533333333333333, 0.733333333333333, 0.6, 0.733333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.533333333333333, 0.733333333333333, 0.466666666666667, 0.733333333333333, 1, 0.733333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.533333333333333, NA, 0.533333333333333, 0.6, 0.866666666666667, 0.466666666666667, 0.533333333333333, 0.333333333333333, 0.6, 0.6, 0.866666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.6, 0.6, 0.533333333333333)), .Names = c("id", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten", "elleven", "twelve"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -46L)) iqr <- function(x, ...) { qs <- quantile(as.numeric(x), c(0.25, 0.5, 0.75), na.rm = T) names(qs) <- c("ymin", "y", "ymax") qs } magic <- function(y, ...) { high <- median(SOdata[[y]], na.rm=T)+1.5*sd(SOdata[[y]],na.rm=T) low <- median(SOdata[[y]], na.rm=T)-1.5*sd(SOdata[[y]],na.rm=T) ggplot(SOdata, aes_string(x="six", y=y))+ stat_summary(fun.data="iqr", geom="crossbar", fill="grey", alpha=0.3)+ geom_point(data = SOdata[SOdata[[y]] > high,], position=position_jitter(w=0.1, h=0),col="green", alpha=0.5)+ geom_point(data = SOdata[SOdata[[y]] < low,], position=position_jitter(w=0.1, h=0),col="red", alpha=0.5)+ stat_summary(fun.y=median, geom="point",shape=18 ,size=4, col="orange") } for (i in names(SOdata)[-c(1,7)]) { p<- magic(i) ggsave(paste("magig_plot_",i,".png",sep=""), plot=p, height=3.5, width=5.5) }

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  • What's the standard way to organize the contents of Java packages -- specifically the location of in

    - by RenderIn
    I suppose this could go for many OO languages. I'm building my domain objects and am not sure where the best place is for the interfaces & abstract classes. If I have a pets package with various implementations of the APet abstract class: should it live side-by-side with them or in the parent package? How about interfaces? It seems like they almost have to live above the implementations in the parent package, since there could potentially be other subpackages which implement it, while there seems to be a stronger correlation between one abstract class and a subpackage. e.g. com.foo com.foo.IConsumer (interface) com.foo.APet (abstract) com.foo.pets.Dog extends APet implements IConsumer OR com.foo com.foo.IConsumer (interface) com.foo.pets.APet (abstract) com.foo.pets.Dog extends APet implements IConsumer or something else?

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  • Why is Request not available for my PDF request?

    - by Beska
    We're trying to create a .NET aspx page that will have a PDF within it. Doing this by hardcoding it is easy. <object height="1250px" width="100%" type="application/pdf" data="our.pdf"> <param value="our.pdf" name="src" /> <param value="transparent" name="wmode" /> </object> (don't worry too much about the transparent thing...we're doing that for other reasons...but I include it here "just in case".) The problem is when we want to generate the PDF dynamically. Our code to populate the literal on the front end looks like this: ltrPDF.Text = String.Format("<object height=\"1250px\" width=\"100%\" type=\"application/pdf\" data=\"ourPdfGenerator.aspx?var0={0}&var1={1}&var2={2}\">", var0, var1, var2); ltrPDF.Text += String.Format("<param value=\"ourPdfGenerator.aspx?var0={0}&var1={1}&var2={2}\">", var0, var1, var2); ltrPDF.Text += "<param value=\"transparent\" name=\"wmode\"/>"; ltrPDF.Text += "</object>"; Kind of ugly, but it seems like it should work. But it doesn't. When I debug, and put a breakpoint on the first line of ourPdfGenerator.aspx.cs Page_Load method, I reach the breakpoint without any difficulty. However, the first thing we do is try to use Request.QueryString: string var0 = Request.QueryString["var0"]; which immediately throws an HttpException: "Request is not available in this context." I'm not clear on: Why isn't it available? What can I do about it?

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  • improve javascript prototypal inheritance

    - by Julio
    I'm using a classical javascript prototypal inheritance, like this: function Foo() {} Naknek.prototype = { //Do something }; var Foo = window.Foo = new Foo(); I want to know how I can improve this and why I can't use this model: var Foo = window.Foo = new function() { }; Foo.prototype = { //Do something }; Why this code doesn't work? In my head this is more logical than the classical prototypal inheritance.

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  • How to order a HasMany collection by a child property with Fluent NHibernate mapping

    - by Geoff Hardy
    I am using Fluent NHibernate to map the following classes: public abstract class DomainObject { public virtual int Id { get; protected internal set; } } public class Attribute { public virtual string Name { get; set; } } public class AttributeRule { public virtual Attribute Attribute { get; set; } public virtual Station Station { get; set; } public virtual RuleTypeId RuleTypeId { get; set; } } public class Station : DomainObject { public virtual IList<AttributeRule> AttributeRules { get; set; } public Station() { AttributeRules = new List<AttributeRule>(); } } My Fluent NHibernate mappings look like this: public class AttributeMap : ClassMap<Attribute> { public AttributeMap() { Id(o => o.Id); Map(o => o.Name); } } public class AttributeRuleMap : ClassMap<AttributeRule> { public AttributeRuleMap() { Id(o => o.Id); Map(o => o.RuleTypeId); References(o => o.Attribute).Fetch.Join(); References(o => o.Station); } } public class StationMap : ClassMap<Station> { public StationMap() { Id(o => o.Id); HasMany(o => o.AttributeRules).Inverse(); } } I would like to order the AttributeRules list on Station by the Attribute.Name property, but doing the following does not work: HasMany(o => o.AttributeRules).Inverse().OrderBy("Attribute.Name"); I have not found a way to do this yet in the mappings. I could create a IQuery or ICriteria to do this for me, but ideally I would just like to have the AttributeRules list sorted when I ask for it. Any advice on how to do this mapping?

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  • Real-time equalizer for all audio on computer

    - by greye
    Is it possible to capture all the sound from a computer and have it pass through a equalizer before reaching the speakers? How can you program a band pass filter on it? EDIT: I'm trying to get this on Windows (with Python? heh) but if there is a generic, cross-platform approach that would be great.

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  • What is the trick in pAddress & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1) to get the page's base address

    - by Dbger
    Following function is used to get the page's base address of an address which is inside this page: void* GetPageAddress(void* pAddress) { return (void*)((ULONG_PTR)pAddress & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1)); } But I couldn't quite get it, what is the trick it plays here? Conclusion: Personally, I think Amardeep's explanation plus Alex B's example are best answers. As Alex B's answer has already been voted up, I would like to accept Amardeep's answer as the official one to highlight it! Thanks you all.

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  • Trouble binding WPF Menu to ItemsSource

    - by chaiguy
    I would like to avoid having to build a menu manually in XAML or code, by binding to a list of ICommand-derived objects. However, I'm experiencing a bit of a problem where the resulting menu has two levels of menu-items (i.e. each MenuItem is contained in a MenuItem): My guess is that this is happening because WPF is automatically generating a MenuItem for my binding, but the "viewer" I'm using actually already is a MenuItem (it's derived from MenuItem): <ContextMenu x:Name="selectionContextMenu" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={x:Static OrangeNote:Note.MultiCommands}}" ItemContainerStyleSelector="{StaticResource separatorStyleSelector}"> <ContextMenu.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <Viewers:NoteCommandMenuItemViewer CommandParameter="{Binding Source={x:Static OrangeNote:App.Screen}, Path=SelectedNotes}" /> </DataTemplate> </ContextMenu.ItemTemplate> </ContextMenu> (The ItemContainerStyleSelector is from http://bea.stollnitz.com/blog/?p=23, which allows me to have Separator elements inside my bound source.) So, the menu is bound to a collection of ICommands, and each item's CommandParameter is set to the same global target (which happens to be a collection, but that's not important). My question is, is there any way I can bind this such that WPF doesn't automatically wrap each item in a MenuItem?

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  • Change panel "visible" property on MasterPage from Child pages

    - by Vitor Reis
    I want to show some panel with a label that is located on a MasterPage from inside it's child pages.. I already did the coding on the MasterPage: public class MyMaster : MasterPage { public void ShowPanel(string pMessage) { labelInside.Text = pMessage; myPanel.visible = true; } } Then I make the calls from child pages: public void ShowPanel(string pMessage) { MyMaster masterPage = this.Master as MyMaster; masterPage.ShowPanel(pMessage); } This "works" ok, but it won't show nothing, since I need the page to be "refreshed" in an "ajax-way" like an UpdatePanel, which I can't use because the Trigger is in another page, right? I really need this to work.. even if you have another completely different way to do this, I would appreciate.

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  • XmlSlurper/NekoHTML document fragment parsing - No HTML or BODY tags wanted

    - by Misha Koshelev
    Dear All, I am trying to parse the following HTML fragment, and I would like to get the same fragment as output (without HTML and BODY tags). Is this possible? If so, how? Thank you Misha p.s. I am reading here: http://nekohtml.sourceforge.net/faq.html#fragments and I believe I have added the correct options below. However, the output is still incorrect :( Thank you Misha import groovy.xml.MarkupBuilder import groovy.xml.StreamingMarkupBuilder import groovy.util.XmlNodePrinter import groovy.util.slurpersupport.NodeChild def text=""" <div><h2>Test</h2> <div>Hi</div> </div> """ // Parse def config=new org.cyberneko.html.HTMLConfiguration() config.setFeature("http://cyberneko.org/html/features/balance-tags/document-fragment",true) def html=new XmlSlurper(new org.cyberneko.html.parsers.SAXParser()).parseText(text) // Output def printNode(NodeChild node) { def writer = new StringWriter() writer << new StreamingMarkupBuilder().bind { mkp.declareNamespace('':node[0].namespaceURI()) mkp.yield node } new XmlNodePrinter().print(new XmlParser().parseText(writer.toString())) } printNode(html) Output: <HTML> <tag0:HEAD xmlns:tag0="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"/> <BODY> <DIV> <H2> Test </H2> <DIV> Hi </DIV> </DIV> </BODY> </HTML>

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  • pgf/tikz: String Symbols as Input Coordinates

    - by red_lynx
    Hi all, I'm new to pgf so i was trying out some examples from the pgfplot manual. One example is especially relevant for my current task but, alas, it would not compile. Here is the code: \documentclass[11pt]{article} \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{pgfplots} \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[symbolic x coords={a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i}] \addplot+[smooth] coordinates { (a,42) (b,50) (c,80) (f,60) (g,62) (i,90)}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{document} the compiler quits with the following error: ! Package PGF Math Error: Could not parse input 'a' as a floating point number, sorry. The unreadable part was near 'a'.. I have no clue how to correct this behavior. Other plots (smooth, scatter, bar), which contain only numerical data compile fine. Could anybody give me a hint? Cheers K.

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  • How to test my programming experience

    - by Oden
    Hey guys, I'm very excited about how experienced I am in programming. The first, working program that I have written, was in 2004 with C. Since this I have tried many programming languages, now got stuck with php. Currently I'm working as a web-developer, and everyones pleased with the work I do. Except me :) Thats the reason why i want to know, how high my experience and my knowledge is. Could you tell me, some tips, tricks, test, or anything, on what I can see how much I need to learn and practice to get a mastermind in programming? (at first place in php)

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  • Google street view URL question:

    - by Rhythmic Algorithm
    Hi I have the address of a property and my application can launch a browser to go to http://maps.google.com?q=searchStringHere. If a good match is found it will take it directly there. Is there any thing I can append to the url to make it switch to streetview without having the exact coordinates? I dont't want to code any javascript or flash.

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  • wix sfxca binding to CLR v 2.0 instead of v4.0

    - by ashish.s
    Iam building managed custom actions using .net 4.0, but when i package the installer and run it,it fails giving me "assembly is built by newer version" error. In the install log I can also see that the SfxCA is binding to v2.0 instead of 4.0, how can i configure it so it loads the v 4.0 version many thanks

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  • More ruby-like solution to this problem?

    - by RaouL
    I am learning ruby and practicing it by solving problems from Project Euler. This is my solution for problem 12. # Project Euler problem: 12 # What is the value of the first triangle number to have over five hundred divisors? require 'prime' triangle_number = ->(num){ (num *(num + 1)) / 2 } factor_count = ->(num) do prime_fac = Prime.prime_division(num) exponents = prime_fac.collect { |item| item.last + 1 } fac_count = exponents.inject(:*) end n = 2 loop do tn = triangle_number.(n) if factor_count.(tn) >= 500 puts tn break end n += 1 end Any improvements that can be made to this piece of code?

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  • Sam Abraham to Speak about MVC2 at the Florida.Net Miramar .Net User Group on July 13 2010

    - by Sam Abraham
    I am scheduled to give a presentation at the Miramar .Net User Group on July 13, 2010 about MVC and the new features in MVC2. This will be similar yet will have more advanced content since the group had already had a introduction to MVC in a previous meeting. Here is the topic and speaker bio: Sam Abraham To Speak At The LI .Net User Group on June 3rd, 2010 As you might know, I lived and worked on LI, NY for 11 years before relocating to South Florida. As I will be visiting my family who still live there in the first week of June, I couldn't resist reaching out to Dan Galvez, LI  .Net User Group Leader, and asking if he needed a speaker for June's meeting. Apparently the stars were lined up right and I am now scheduled to speak at my "home" group on June 3rd, which I am pretty excited about. Here is a brief abstract of my talk and speaker bio. What's New in MVC2 We will start by briefly reviewing the basics of the Microsoft MVC Framework. Next, we will look at the new features introduced in the latest and greatest MVC2. Many new enhancements were introduced to both the MS MVC Framework and to VS2010 to improve developers' experience and reduce development time. We will be talking about new MVC2 features such as: Model Validation, Areas and Template Helpers. We will also discuss the new built-in MVC project templates that ship with VS2010. About the Speaker Sam Abraham is a Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP) and Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist (MCTS ASP.Net 3.5) He currently lives in South Florida where he leads the West Palm Beach .Net User Group (www.fladotnet.com) and actively participates in various local .Net Community events as organizer and/or technical speaker. Sam is also an active committee member on various initiatives at the South Florida Chapter of the Project Management Institute (www.southfloridapmi.org). Sam finds his passion in leveraging latest and greatest .Net Technologies along with proven Project Management practices and methodologies to produce high quality, cost-competitive software.  Sam can be reached through his blog: http://www.geekswithblogs.net/wildturtle

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  • SVN Email Report

    - by Webnet
    I use subversion.com for my personal stuff and whenever a commit is made I get a detailed report of what exactly changed and who changed it. I've read a bit into hooks and understand that this is likely a hook but it seems like it's not default functionality included with Subversion. It sounds like it's something I'm going to have to program... am I correct with that conclusion or can I just "set it up" by entering a few emails? Please tell me it's included :)

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  • I think my laptop just died

    - by Joel Coehoorn
    I have a Dell 1330M that as of about 15 minutes ago will no longer POST. What happened was I was working, stepped away for a moment, and when I came back it was turned off. I thought that was odd, but turned it on and things seemed fine. About 1/2 hour later it crashed and restarted, but came up fine again. It did this once more. At this point I was starting to get worried, but I hadn't had any problems with the laptop before and every crash was after doing some work in a virtual machine that I don't often use, so I at put the blame there. It didn't feel like it was overheating anywhere and there's no ozone smell of overheated electronics. Then it crashed a final time and now when I turn it on all I see is a bright screen with a bunch of vertical lines (noise). I've tried removing the memory sticks one at a time, but I get the same result with either memory stick in either slot. With no memory at all it stops earlier in the POST process and the screen is completely blank (black, no backlight). As I type this, I hear a double beep from the system about once every 10 minutes. I'm pretty sure the hard drive is fine because it fails during post, before anything off the drive is needed. The power supply seems good because the screen is nice and bright. It's not the RAM because swapping that around made no difference. The leaves motherboard (which I doubt and can replace) and CPU (which just might be changable). Any ideas? Is there any hope for this laptop? I'm rather fond of it and I'd have a hard time replacing it with anything near as nice.

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  • Are flash drives and hard drives thought of as "an ocean of bytes"?

    - by Jian Lin
    Why can a USB Flash drive be formatted as NTFS or FAT32? Is the USB Flash Drive and Hard Drive just to be thought of as "an ocean of bytes"? I get very used to hearing formatting a hard drive as FAT32 or NTFS, but we can also format a USB Flash drive as NTFS or FAT32? Is it because a hard drive or Flash drive both can be thought of as "an ocean of bits" or "an ocean of bytes"? I remember RAM as: it takes 16 bit or 32 bit as an address signal (the 16 or 32 copper footing on the circuit board), and give out 8 bit of data (the other 8 copper footing on the circuit board). So can a hard drive be thought of as working that way too? So that's why a Flash drive can be the same too? Just an "ocean of bytes". But is it true that hard drive's hardware make it an ocean of sector or something else, that is, the smaller unit of read / write is not byte but something else? So with this "ocean of bytes", NTFS has the format that says, "if the first byte is __, then it means __ (it is a file or folder, and link to which sector, indicated by byte 2 and 3, etc, etc)"

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  • RPG compiler converts type S to type P?

    - by derek
    Here is my situation: I have program A which looks like this: Fmfile IF E K DISK USROPN d grue s like(dhseqn) d C *ENTRY PLIST C PARM grue c open mfile c*** do something with grue c close mfile c eval *inlr = *on dhseqn is a 2,0 S field. The compile listing shows me this: *RNF7031 DHSEQN P(2,0) 000200 1000002D GRUE P(2,0) 000200D 000500M 000700 000800M BASED(_QRNL_PRM+) And when I call program A with a parameter that has been declared as 2,0 S, I get a decimal data error. Is this expected, or is this a compiler bug?

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