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• ls -l freezes terminal locally and remotely

  - by Jakobud

  I've been reading other SF threads regarding ls not returning results or freezing and stalling terminal sessions and it appears they usually the fault of network problems. My problem however, occurs both over remote SSH sessions but also if I am physically at the server itself... I just installed CentOS 5.4 on one of our servers. I'm setting up some rdiff-backup scripts and when I downloaded librsync and untared it, thats when I started seeing some weird behavior with ls -l. wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/librsync/files/librsync/0.9.7/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz/download /tmp cd /tmp tar -xzf librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz Simple enough. To view the files in this directory I did this: ls results: librsync-0.9.7 librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz Now, if I ls -l, my terminal freezes. I have to re-ssh in to keep going. After reading SF threads, I thought it was network related. So I was extremely surprised to go sit down at the server itself and see the exact same thing happen... So its obviously not a network issues. Even if I ls /tmp/librsync-0.9.7, my terminal freezes just the same... Next I did an strace and got this (warning: wall of text coming....): strace ls -l /tmp execve("/bin/ls", ["ls", "-l", "/tmp"], [/* 21 vars */]) = 0 brk(0) = 0x1c521000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cc0000 uname({sys="Linux", node="massive.answeron.com", ...}) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x2b8582cc1000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0 \"\200\2730\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=53448, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd3000 mmap(0x30bb800000, 2132936, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bb800000 mprotect(0x30bb807000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bba07000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x7000) = 0x30bba07000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libacl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\0\31@\2740\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=28008, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bc400000, 2120992, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bc400000 mprotect(0x30bc406000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bc605000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x5000) = 0x30bc605000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libselinux.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0`E\300\2730\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=95464, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bbc00000, 2192784, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bbc00000 mprotect(0x30bbc15000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bbe15000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x15000) = 0x30bbe15000 mmap(0x30bbe17000, 1424, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bbe17000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\220\332\201\2720\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1717800, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd4000 mmap(0x30ba800000, 3498328, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30ba800000 mprotect(0x30ba94d000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bab4d000, 20480, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x14d000) = 0x30bab4d000 mmap(0x30bab52000, 16728, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bab52000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\220W\0\2730\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=145824, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bb000000, 2204528, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bb000000 mprotect(0x30bb016000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bb215000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x15000) = 0x30bb215000 mmap(0x30bb217000, 13168, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bb217000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libattr.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\320\17\300\2750\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=17888, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bdc00000, 2110728, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bdc00000 mprotect(0x30bdc04000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bde03000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x3000) = 0x30bde03000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\20\16\300\2720\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=23360, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd5000 mmap(0x30bac00000, 2109696, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bac00000 mprotect(0x30bac02000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bae02000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x2000) = 0x30bae02000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libsepol.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\0=\0\2740\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=247496, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bc000000, 2383136, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x30bc000000 mprotect(0x30bc03b000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bc23b000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x3b000) = 0x30bc23b000 mmap(0x30bc23c000, 40224, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30bc23c000 close(3) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd6000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cd7000 arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x2b8582cd6c50) = 0 mprotect(0x30bba07000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30bab4d000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30bb215000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30ba61b000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x30bae02000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b8582cc1000, 71746) = 0 set_tid_address(0x2b8582cd6ce0) = 24102 set_robust_list(0x2b8582cd6cf0, 0x18) = 0 futex(0x7fff72d02d6c, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGRTMIN, {0x30bb005370, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_SIGINFO, 0x30bb00e7c0}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGRT_1, {0x30bb0052b0, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART|SA_SIGINFO, 0x30bb00e7c0}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, [RTMIN RT_1], NULL, 8) = 0 getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, {rlim_cur=10240*1024, rlim_max=RLIM_INFINITY}) = 0 access("/etc/selinux/", F_OK) = 0 brk(0) = 0x1c521000 brk(0x1c542000) = 0x1c542000 open("/etc/selinux/config", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=448, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cc1000 read(3, "# This file controls the state o"..., 4096) = 448 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b8582cc1000, 4096) = 0 open("/proc/mounts", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b8582cc1000 read(3, "rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0\n/dev/root"..., 4096) = 577 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b8582cc1000, 4096) = 0 open("/selinux/mls", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "1", 19) = 1 close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/setrans/.setrans-unix"...}, 110) = 0 sendmsg(3, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(5)=[{"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\0", 1}, {"\0", 1}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 14 readv(3, [{"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\1\0\0\0", 4}, {"\0\0\0\0", 4}], 3) = 12 readv(3, [{"\0", 1}], 1) = 1 close(3) = 0 open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=56413824, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 56413824, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x2b8582cd8000 close(3) = 0 ioctl(1, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0 ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, {ws_row=65, ws_col=137, ws_xpixel=0, ws_ypixel=0}) = 0 open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2528, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "# Locale name alias data base.\n#"..., 4096) = 2528 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/usr/share/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en_US/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en.UTF-8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en.utf8/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/share/locale/en/LC_TIME/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) lstat("/tmp", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|S_ISVTX|0777, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0 getxattr("/tmp", "system.posix_acl_access", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) getxattr("/tmp", "system.posix_acl_default", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 open("/etc/nsswitch.conf", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1711, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "#\n# /etc/nsswitch.conf\n#\n# An ex"..., 4096) = 1711 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib64/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340\37\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=53880, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2139432, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x2b85862b7000 mprotect(0x2b85862c1000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x2b85864c0000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x9000) = 0x2b85864c0000 close(3) = 0 mprotect(0x2b85864c0000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 71746) = 0 open("/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY) = 3 fcntl(3, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1823, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"..., 4096) = 1823 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 open("/etc/group", O_RDONLY) = 3 fcntl(3, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=743, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(3, "root:x:0:root\nbin:x:1:root,bin,d"..., 4096) = 743 close(3) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/tmp", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY) = 3 fcntl(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 getdents(3, /* 8 entries */, 32768) = 264 lstat("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=453802, ...}) = 0 getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz", "system.posix_acl_access", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7.tar.gz", "system.posix_acl_default", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) lstat("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0777, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0 getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7", "system.posix_acl_access", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) getxattr("/tmp/librsync-0.9.7", "system.posix_acl_default", 0x0, 0) = -1 ENODATA (No data available) open("/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1823, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"..., 4096) = 1823 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libnss_ldap.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\300r\4\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=3169960, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 5329912, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85864c2000 mprotect(0x2b858679e000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x2b858699d000, 176128, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x2db000) = 0x2b858699d000 mmap(0x2b85869c8000, 62456, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85869c8000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libcom_err.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\320\n\300\2770\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=10000, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30bfc00000, 2103048, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x30bfc00000 mprotect(0x30bfc02000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30bfe01000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x1000) = 0x30bfe01000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libkeyutils.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0`\n@\2760\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=9472, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30be400000, 2102416, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x30be400000 mprotect(0x30be402000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30be601000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x1000) = 0x30be601000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libresolv.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\2402\0\2760\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=92736, ...}) = 0 mmap(0x30be000000, 2181864, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x30be000000 mprotect(0x30be011000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x30be211000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x11000) = 0x30be211000 mmap(0x30be213000, 6888, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x30be213000 close(4) = 0 mprotect(0x30be211000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 71746) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGPIPE, {0x1, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x30ba8302d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0 geteuid() = 0 futex(0x2b85869c7708, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0 open("/etc/ldap.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=9119, ...}) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=9119, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# @(#)$Id: ldap.conf,v 1.38 2006"..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, "Use the OpenLDAP password change"..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, " OpenLDAP 2.0 and earlier is \"no"..., 4096) = 927 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 uname({sys="Linux", node="massive.answeron.com", ...}) = 0 open("/etc/resolv.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=107, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "; generated by /sbin/dhclient-sc"..., 4096) = 107 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 4 fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(4) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 4 fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(4) = 0 open("/etc/host.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=17, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "order hosts,bind\n", 4096) = 17 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 futex(0x30bab54d44, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0 open("/etc/hosts", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=187, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# Do not remove the following li"..., 4096) = 187 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=71746, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 71746, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 close(4) = 0 open("/lib64/libnss_dns.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340\17\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=23736, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2113792, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0x2b85869d8000 mprotect(0x2b85869dc000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x2b8586bdb000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x3000) = 0x2b8586bdb000 close(4) = 0 mprotect(0x2b8586bdb000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 71746) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, 28) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 gettimeofday({1276265920, 823870}, NULL) = 0 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT}], 1, 0) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLOUT}]) sendto(4, "C\v\1\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\7massive\10answeron\3co"..., 38, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 38 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLIN}], 1, 5000) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLIN}]) ioctl(4, FIONREAD, [122]) = 0 recvfrom(4, "C\v\205\200\0\1\0\1\0\2\0\2\7massive\10answeron\3co"..., 1024, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, [16]) = 122 close(4) = 0 open("/etc/openldap/ldap.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=335, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "#\n# LDAP Defaults\n#\n\n# See ldap."..., 4096) = 335 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 getuid() = 0 geteuid() = 0 getgid() = 0 getegid() = 0 open("/root/ldaprc", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/root/.ldaprc", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat("/etc/ldap.conf", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=9119, ...}) = 0 geteuid() = 0 brk(0x1c566000) = 0x1c566000 open("/etc/hosts", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=187, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# Do not remove the following li"..., 4096) = 187 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/hosts", O_RDONLY) = 4 fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=187, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b85862a5000 read(4, "# Do not remove the following li"..., 4096) = 187 read(4, "", 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x2b85862a5000, 4096) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, 28) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 gettimeofday({1276265920, 855948}, NULL) = 0 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT}], 1, 0) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLOUT}]) sendto(4, "\32 \1\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 35, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 35 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLIN}], 1, 5000) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLIN}]) ioctl(4, FIONREAD, [104]) = 0 recvfrom(4, "\32 \205\200\0\1\0\1\0\1\0\0\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 1024, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, [16]) = 104 close(4) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, 28) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 gettimeofday({1276265920, 858536}, NULL) = 0 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT}], 1, 0) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLOUT}]) sendto(4, "I\375\1\0\0\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 35, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 35 poll([{fd=4, events=POLLIN}], 1, 5000) = 1 ([{fd=4, revents=POLLIN}]) ioctl(4, FIONREAD, [139]) = 0 recvfrom(4, "I\375\205\200\0\1\0\2\0\2\0\2\4ldap\10answeron\3com\0\0"..., 1024, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(53), sin_addr=inet_addr("192.168.10.20")}, [16]) = 139 close(4) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_IP) = 4 fcntl(4, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 setsockopt(4, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, [1], 4) = 0 setsockopt(4, SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, [1], 4) = 0 fcntl(4, F_GETFL) = 0x2 (flags O_RDWR) fcntl(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(389), sin_addr=inet_addr("10.20.0.30")}, 16) = -1 EINPROGRESS (Operation now in progress) poll([{fd=4, events=POLLOUT|POLLERR|POLLHUP}], 1, 120000 And thats where it stops, right there after that last 120000.... Using strace, I can obviously CTRL+C to keep going. But like I said, normally the terminal completely freezes. Anyone have any clues?

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• PHP script keeps doing mmap/munmap

  - by Aurélien Momow

  Hello, My PHP script contains a loop, which does nothing much more than echoing and dereferencing pointers (like in $tab[$othertab[$i]]- stuff). It was working great until yesterday, when this script starting being VERY slow (like 50 times slower than before). After using strace, i figured out that 90% of the time, the script does mmap/munmap. Here is a random portion of the strace log : mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 munmap(0x7fac0156c000, 266240) = 0 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0156c000 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac0152b000 mmap(NULL, 266240, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fac014ea000 Here is the result of the strace -c command : % time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- 82.77 0.004092 0 13542 mmap 9.69 0.000479 0 3642 write 7.54 0.000373 0 13541 munmap 0.00 0.000000 0 100 read 0.00 0.000000 0 88 poll 0.00 0.000000 0 25 4 access ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- 100.00 0.004944 30938 4 total Here is the php script : function affAnnonce($tabAnnonces, $isDoublon = 0) { GLOBAL $db, $base, $tabDomaine, $doublon, $traduction, $tab_contrat, $tab_emploi, $tab_categ, $tab_metier, $tab_region, $tab_departement, $tab_secteur, $tab_experience, $calc_all, $tabLangues, $tabLanguesNiveau, $tabNoAffAnnonce, $tabHisto; foreach($tabAnnonces AS $tmp) { if (in_array($tmp['id'], $tabNoAffAnnonce) === true) { continue; } $value->host = "../"; foreach($tabDomaine AS $domaine => $valeur) { if ($domaine == $tmp['domaine']) { $value->host = $valeur->host; break; } } // Ordre // secteur;metier;contrat;emploi;region;langues;domaine $tabPushModif = array(); if ($tmp['push_preview'] != '') { $tabPushModif = explode(';', $tmp['push_preview']); $tabPushModif['secteur'] = $tabPushModif[0]; $tabPushModif['metier'] = $tabPushModif[1]; $tabPushModif['contrat'] = $tabPushModif[2]; $tabPushModif['id_emploi'] = $tabPushModif[3]; $tabPushModif['regions'] = $tabPushModif[4]; $tabPushModif['langues'] = $tabPushModif[5]; $tabPushModif['domaine'] = $tabPushModif[6]; } $infoSoc = get_nom_societe($tmp['id_societe']); $number = ($tmp['nb_preview_push'] != '' ? $tmp['nb_preview_push'] : '&nbsp;'); $secteurs = explode ("/", $tmp[secteur]); $sector = ""; $count_sect = count($secteurs); for ($k = 0; $k < $count_sect; $k++) { if ($secteurs[$k] != '') { $sector .= $tab_secteur[$secteurs[$k]].'/'; } } $tmp['poste'] = apresinsertion($tmp['poste']); $tmp['metier'] = $tab_metier[$tmp['metier']]; $tmp['region'] = $tab_region[$tmp['region']]; $tmp['departement'] = $tab_departement[$tmp['departement']]; $tmp['secteur'] = $sector; $tmp['id_contrat'] = $tmp['contrat']; $tmp['contrat'] = $tab_contrat[$tmp['contrat']]; $tmp['emploi'] = $tab_emploi[$tmp['id_emploi']]; $tmp['categorie'] = $tab_categ[$tmp['categorie']]; echo '<tr id="'.($isDoublon ? 'dbl_' : '').$tmp['id'].'"><td align="center" class="tdFirst nowrap dbl_'.$tmp['id'].'" id="aff_'.$tmp['id'].'"'; switch($tmp['affiche']) { case '0': echo ' bgcolor=#DBB7FF'; break; default : ; } echo '><a href=?op=annonces&search4='.$tmp[id].' target=_new>'.$tmp[id].'</a><br />'; echo '<a href="'.$value->host.'" target="blank">'.strtoupper($tmp['domaine']).'<br /><img src="../images/flags/'.$tmp['domaine'].'.png" border=0 align=middle></a>'; echo '</TD><TD align=center class=tdNext'; if ($tmp['filtre'] == 1) echo ' bgcolor=#FF0000'; echo '>'; if ($isDoublon) echo '<a id="'.$tmp['id'].'" class="doublon" href="#">DOUBLON</a> - '; if (($tmp[id_reponse] == 1) || ($tmp[id_reponse] == 2) || ($tmp[id_reponse] == 4) || ($tmp[id_reponse] == 5)) echo '<a href="javascript:voir_annonce(\''.$tmp['id'].'\', \''.$value->host.'\')" onMouseOver="showPreview('.$tmp['id'].');" onMouseOut="hidePreview('.$tmp['id'].');">'.$tmp['poste'].'</a>'; if ($tmp[id_reponse] == 3) echo '<a href="javascript:voir_annonce3(\''.$tmp['url_reponse'].'\')" onMouseOver="showPreview('.$tmp['id'].');" onMouseOut="hidePreview('.$tmp['id'].');">'.$tmp['poste'].'</a>'; if ($tmp['urgent'] == 1) print " - <font class=r_bold>urgent</font>"; if ($tmp['gold'] == 1) print " - <font class=g_bold>gold</font>"; if ($tmp['cvtheque'] == 1) print " - CVthèque"; if ($tmp['url_reponse'] != '' && $tmp['id_reponse'] != 3) { echo '<br /><br />URL - '; $len = strlen($tmp['url_reponse']); if ($len > 50) { $link = substr($tmp['url_reponse'], 0, 47).'...'; } else { $link = $tmp['url_reponse']; } echo '<a href="'.$tmp['url_reponse'].'" style="color: #666;" target="_blank">'.$link.'</a>'; } // Début du div ou sera placé l'annonce echo '<br /><div id="preview_'.$tmp['id'].'" name="preview_'.$tmp['id'].'" class="tdStyle1" style="z-index: 1000; display: none; position: fixed; left: 0px; top: 0px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid #666; background: #fff; text-align: left; width: 777px;" onMouseOver="showPreview('.$tmp['id'].');" onMouseOut="hidePreview('.$tmp['id'].');">'; $tmp["url"] = substr($tmp["url"], 7); $id_modele = getIdModeleByAnnonce($tmp['id_societe'], $tmp["id"], $tmp['domaine']); $tmp["poste"] = mb_strtoupper($tmp["poste"]); $isFnh = isFnhAnnonce($tmp['id']); $logo = ""; if ($isFnh) { $logo_jpg = getFnhLogo(); $logo = "<img align='center' border='0' src='".$logo_jpg."' />"; } else { if ($id_modele > 0) { if ($tmp['id_reponse'] == 1) { $logo_gif = "../fichiers/societes/".$tmp['id_societe']."/".$id_modele.".gif"; if (file_exists($logo_gif)) { $logo = "<img align=center border=0 src=".$logo_gif.">"; } } else { $rep = "../fichiers/societes/".$tmp['id_societe']."/".$id_modele; $logo_jpg = $rep.".jpg"; $logo_swf = $rep.".swf"; $logo_gif = $rep.".gif"; if (file_exists($logo_jpg)) { $logo = "<img align=center border=0 src=".$logo_jpg.">"; } elseif (file_exists($logo_swf)) $logo = '<object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=7,0,0,0" width="120" height="600"> <param name=movie value="'.$logo_swf.'"> <param name=quality value=high> <embed src="'.$logo_swf.'" quality=high pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="120" height="600"></embed> </object>'; elseif (file_exists($logo_gif)) { $logo = "<img align=center border=0 src=".$logo_gif.">"; } } } } if (strlen($logo) > 0 && strlen($tmp['url']) > 0) $logo = "<a href=http://".$tmp['url']." target=_blank>".$logo."</a>"; if (strlen($tmp['url_reponse']) <= 0) { $tmp['url_reponse'] = "../jobs/repondre_annonce.php?id=".$tmp['id']."\" onClick=\""; if ($tmp['contact_email'] == "") $tmp['url_reponse'] .= "alert('".$traduction->aff_word("repondre_courrier", $tabTrad['only_word']).'\n'.$tmp['societe'].'\n'.str_replace("<br />", '\n', ereg_replace("[\r\n\t]", "", $tmp['adresse']))."');"; else $tmp['url_reponse'] .= "popUp(this.href, 'scroll', 540, 400);"; $tmp['url_reponse'] .= "return false;"; } ?> <table width="775" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border=0> <? if ($tmp['id_reponse'] != "2") { ?> <tr> <td width="575" align=center valign=top> <table width="535" border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nom_societe"><?=$tmp['societe']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr size=1 color=#000000></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="right"><?=date_2fr($tmp["date_affichage"], 1)?></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("pays")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['pays0']?></td> </tr> <? if ($tmp['region']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("region")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['region']?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['departement']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("departement")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['departement']?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['ville']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("ville")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['ville']?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['debut']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("debut_travail")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['debut']?></td> </tr> <? } ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("type_contrat")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['contrat']?></td> </tr> <? if ($tmp['emploi']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("type_emploi")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['emploi']?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['salaire']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("salaire")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['salaire']?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['experience']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("experience_metier")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tab_experience[$tmp['experience']]?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['reference']) { ?> <tr> <td align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("reference")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td align="left"><?=$tmp['reference']?></td> </tr> <? } ?> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><hr size=1 color=#000000 width=405></td> </tr> <? if ($tmp['presentation']) { ?> <tr> <td valign=top align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("presentation")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td style="text-align: justify;"><?=$tmp['presentation']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><hr size=1 color=#000000 width=405></td> </tr> <? } ?> <tr> <td valign="top" class=bold align="right"><?=$traduction->aff_word("poste")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td valign="top" class=titre_poste align=center><?=$tmp['poste']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=2>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" class=bold align="right"><?=$traduction->aff_word("description")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td style="text-align: justify;"><?=$tmp['description']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td width=100%>&nbsp;</td> <td width=405><hr size=1 color=#000000 width=405></td> </tr> <? if ($tmp['profil']) { ?> <tr> <td valign="top" align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("profil")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td valign="top" style="text-align: justify;"><?=$tmp['profil']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><hr size=1 color=#000000 width=405></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['recommandation']) { ?> <tr> <td valign="top" align="left"></td> <td valign="top" style="text-align: justify;"><?=$tmp['recommandation']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><hr size=1 color=#000000 width=405></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['contact_nom'] || $tmp['contact_prenom']) { ?> <tr> <td valign="top" align="right" class=bold><?=$traduction->aff_word("contact")?>&nbsp;:</td> <td valign="top" align="left"><?=$tmp['contact_prenom']?>&nbsp;<?=$tmp['contact_nom']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><hr size=1 color=#000000 width=405></td> </tr> <? } ?> <? } elseif ($tmp['domaine'] != 'de') { ?> <tr> <td colspan=2><table width="755" align=right valign=top><tr><td><?=$tmp['presentation']?></td></tr></table></td> </tr> <? } ?> <tr> <td rowspan=6>&nbsp;</td> <td><a href="<?=$tmp['url_reponse']?>" target="_blank">&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<?=$traduction->aff_word("repondre_en_ligne")?></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="../jobs/affiche_imprime_annonce.php?id=<?=$tmp['id']?>" onClick="popUp(this.href, 'scroll', 540, 400);return false;" target="_blank">&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<?=$traduction->aff_word("version_imprimer")?></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="../jobs/send_friend_annonce.php?id=<?=$tmp['id']?>" onClick="popUp(this.href, 'clean', 400, 300);return false;" target="_blank">&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<?=$traduction->aff_word("envoi_ami")?></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="./affiche_liste.php?soc=<?=$tmp['societe_clean']?>">&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<?=$traduction->aff_word("toutes_offres")?> <?=$tmp['societe']?></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="../jobs/index.php">&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<?=$traduction->aff_word("nouvelle_recherche")?></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="../jobs/index.php" onClick="javascript:retour(); return false;">&lt;&lt;&nbsp;<?=$traduction->aff_word("retour")?></a></td> </tr> <? if ($tmp['id_reponse'] != "2") { ?> </table> </td> <td width="200" align=center class=black_bord valign=top> <table width="190" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=0> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" class=bold><? if ($tmp['id_reponse'] != "5") { ?><br><? } ?><?=$logo?><br><br><?=$tmp['societe']?></td> </tr> <? if ($tmp['adresse']) { ?> <tr> <td align="center" colspan=2><?=$tmp['adresse']?></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=2>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['contact_tel']) { ?> <tr> <td class=bold align=right><?=$traduction->aff_word("tel")?> :</td> <td align=center><?=$tmp['contact_tel']?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['contact_fax']) { ?> <tr> <td class=bold align=right><?=$traduction->aff_word("fax")?> :</td> <td align=center><?=$tmp['contact_fax']?></td> </tr> <? } if ($tmp['url']) { ?> <tr> <td colspan=2 align=center><a href="http://<?=$tmp['url']?>" target="_blank"><?=$tmp['url']?></a></td> </tr> <? } ?> </table> </td> </tr> <? } ?> </table> <? echo '</div>'; // Fin du div ou sera placé l'annonce echo "</TD><TD align=center class=tdNext><b>".date_2fr($tmp['date_creation'], 1)."</b><br>".date_2fr($tmp['date_affichage'], 1); echo "</TD><TD align=center class=tdNext>".$tmp[societe]."<br>(<i><a href=".$value->host."login/login.php?login=".$infoSoc->email."&pass=".$infoSoc->password." target=_blank>".$infoSoc->nom."</a></i>)<br><a href=index.php?op=entreprise&ac=tableau_bord&id_societe=".$tmp['id_societe'].">compte</a></TD>"; $color = ''; switch($tmp[push_mail]) { case "0": $color = " bgcolor=#DBB7FF"; break; case "2": $color = " bgcolor=#CCCCCC"; break; default : ; } $type_rep = ""; switch ($tmp[id_reponse]) { case 1: $type_rep = "Standard"; break; case 2: $type_rep = "Chartée"; break; case 3: $type_rep = "Metamoteur"; break; case 4: $type_rep = "Reponse sur site"; break; case 5: $type_rep = "Semi-chartée"; break; } print " <td align=center class=tdNext> <table width=100% border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas>".$tmp['contrat']." - ".$tmp['emploi']."</td> <td $color align=center rowspan=4 width=40%> <a onclick=\"javascript:colorannonce(this, '#CFFFCF');\" href=?op=agentalertes&action=modify_push&amp;id_annonce=".$tmp[id]." target=_blank>Modifier push</a><br><br> <a onclick=\"sendPush(this, ".$tmp['id']."); return false;\" href=\"#\">Envoyer Push</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas>".(strlen($tmp['metier']) > 0 ? $tmp['metier'] : '<font class=gris_i>'.$tmp['categorie'].'</font>')."</td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas>".$tmp[secteur]."</td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center>".($number < 500 ? '<font color="red">' : ($number > 1500 ? '<font color="orange">' : '<font color="green">')).$number."</font></td> </tr> </table> </td> <td align=center class=tdNext> <table width=100% border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas>"; if (strlen($tabPushModif['regions']) > 0) { $tab = explode('/', $tabPushModif['regions']); foreach($tab AS $elem) { if (strlen($elem) <= 0) continue; if (strpos($elem, 'dep-') !== false) { echo $tab_departement[substr($elem, 4)]; $query_tmp = 'SELECT region FROM ref_departement WHERE id = "'.substr($elem, 4).'"'; $obj = $db->getObj($query_tmp); if ($obj) { echo ' - '.$tab_region[$obj->region]; $query_tmp = 'SELECT rp.code_pays FROM ref_pays rp INNER JOIN ref_region rr ON rr.pays = rp.id WHERE rr.id = "'.$obj->region.'"'; $obj = $db->getObj($query_tmp); if ($obj) echo ' ('.$obj->code_pays.')'; } } elseif (is_numeric($elem) === false) { echo '<font class=gris_i>'.$tmp['departement'].' - '.$tmp['region'].'</font> ('.$elem.')'; } else { echo '<font class=gris_i>'.$tmp['departement'].'</font> - '.$tab_region[$elem]; $query_tmp = 'SELECT rp.code_pays FROM ref_pays rp INNER JOIN ref_region rr ON rr.pays = rp.id WHERE rr.id = "'.$obj->region.'"'; $obj = $db->getObj($query_tmp); if ($obj) echo ' ('.$obj->code_pays.')'; } } } else echo $tmp['departement']." - ".$tmp['region']." (".$tmp['code_pays'].")"; echo "</td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas>".$tmp[ville]."</td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas>"; if (strlen($tabPushModif['metier']) > 0) { $tmpExp = array(); $tab = explode('/', $tabPushModif['metier']); foreach($tab AS $elem) { if (strlen($elem) <= 0) continue; $tmpMetier = explode('-', $elem); if (isset($tmpMetier[1])) { if (in_array($tmpMetier[1], $tmpExp) === true) continue; $tmpExp[] = $tmpMetier[1]; if ($tmpMetier[1] == $tmp['experience']) echo '<b>'.$tab_experience[$tmpMetier[1]].'</b>/'; else echo $tab_experience[$tmpMetier[1]].'/'; } } if (count($tmpExp) <= 0) echo '<font class=gris_i>'.$tab_experience[$tmp['experience']].'</font>'; } else echo $tab_experience[$tmp['experience']]; echo "</td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center>".$tabLangues[$tmp['id_langue']]->langue." - ".$tabLanguesNiveau[$tmp['id_langue_niveau']]->langue_niveau."</td> </tr> </table> </td> <td align=center class=tdNext> <table width=100% cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=0> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas>$type_rep</td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center>".$tmp[compteur_vu]."&nbsp;/&nbsp;<a href=?op=gcand&ac=liste&id_annonce=".$tmp[id]."&statut=all target=_new>".$tmp[compteur_repondu]."</a></td> </tr> </table> </td> <td align=center class=tdNext> <table width=100% cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=0> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas><a href=?op=annonces&ac=modifier&id_annonce=".$tmp['id']." target=_new>Modifier</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center class=cadreBas><a href='' onClick=\"valid_delete('".$tmp['id']."'); return false;\">Supprimer</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align=center><a href='' onClick='changeAff(".$tmp['id']."); return false;' id='changeAff_".$tmp['id']."'>".($tmp['affiche'] == 1 ? 'Mettre hors ligne' : 'Mettre en ligne')."</a></td> </tr> </table> </td> <td align=center class='tdNext gris'> <p style=\"color:#444;\"> &nbsp;".nl2br($tmp['push_res']).'</p>'; if (is_array($tabHisto[$tmp['id']])) { echo '<p style="color:#888; padding-top:5px;">'; foreach($tabHisto[$tmp['id']] as $histo) { echo $histo['type_modif'].' '.HumanDateTime($histo['date']).' par '.$histo['user']; if ($histo['new_annonce']) { echo ' [New ID : <a href="index.php?op=annonces&search4='.$histo['new_annonce'].'">'.$histo['new_annonce'].'</a>]'; } echo '<br />'; } echo '</p>'; } echo " </td> <td align=center>&nbsp;".$tmp['source']; if (!empty($tmp['source_ref'])) { echo '<br /><a href="redirect.php?site='.$tmp['source_ref'].'" target="_blank">Voir original</a>'; } echo '</td></tr>'; if (isset($doublon) && !$isDoublon) { $query2 = " SELECT a.*, rp.pays0, rp.code_pays FROM annonces a INNER JOIN ref_pays rp ON rp.id = a.pays WHERE a.id_societe = '".$tmp['id_societe']."' AND a.contrat = '".$tmp['id_contrat']."' AND a.domaine = '".$tmp['domaine']."' AND a.id != '".$tmp['id']."' AND ADDDATE(a.date_creation, INTERVAL 2 MONTH) > '".$tmp['date_creation']."' AND a.poste = \"".addslashes($tmp['poste'])."\" AND a.ville = \"".addslashes($tmp['ville'])."\" AND a.societe = \"".addslashes($tmp['societe'])."\" AND (a.id_societe != 1 OR (a.id_societe = 1 AND a.contact_email = \"".$tab_annonce['contact_email']."\")) ORDER BY a.id DESC"; $tabAnnonces2 = $db->getTab($query2); if (count($tabAnnonces2) > 0) { $tabId = array(); foreach($tabAnnonces2 as $annonc) { $tabId[] = $annonc['id']; } $tmpListAnnonceTab = annoncelist::getHistorique($tabId); $tmpTabHisto = createTabHisto($tmpListAnnonceTab); $tabHisto += $tmpTabHisto; //Additionne les 2 tableaux, contrairement à array_merge il garde les clés !! affAnnonce($tabAnnonces2, 1); foreach($tabAnnonces2 AS $tmpAnn) $tabNoAffAnnonce[] = $tmpAnn['id']; } } } } ?> Only this script is slow, all the others on the same server/domain/directory work great. On an other server, the same script works fine. The script takes up to 90% of CPU when running. Any ideas?

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• Shell command slow when using pipe, fast with intermediate file

  - by plang

  Does anyone understand this huge difference in processing time, when using an intermediate file, or when using a pipe? I'm converting tiff to pdf using standard tools on a fresh debian squeeze server. A standard way of doing this is to convert to ps first. Without pipe: root@web5:~# time tiff2ps test.tif > test.ps real 0m0.860s user 0m0.744s sys 0m0.112s root@web5:~# time ps2pdf13 -sPAPERSIZE=a4 test.ps > test.pdf real 0m0.667s user 0m0.612s sys 0m0.060s With pipe: root@web5:~# time tiff2ps test.tif | ps2pdf13 -sPAPERSIZE=a4 - > test.pdf real 1m6.098s user 0m15.861s sys 0m50.9 During the last command, gs process is at 100% all the time. Update: Here is an strace output for the ps generation: root@web5:~# strace tiff2ps test.tif > test.ps execve("/usr/bin/tiff2ps", ["tiff2ps", "test.tif"], [/* 28 vars */]) = 0 brk(0) = 0x1395000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a1937000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=21735, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 21735, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fb5a1931000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/libtiff.so.4", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\200\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=405128, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2501416, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fb5a14b9000 mprotect(0x7fb5a151a000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7fb5a1719000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x60000) = 0x7fb5a1719000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/libjpeg.so.62", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\3408\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=145048, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2240080, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fb5a1296000 mprotect(0x7fb5a12b9000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7fb5a14b8000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x22000) = 0x7fb5a14b8000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/libz.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\260\"\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=93936, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a1930000 mmap(NULL, 2188976, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fb5a107f000 mprotect(0x7fb5a1096000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7fb5a1295000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x16000) = 0x7fb5a1295000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\360>\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=530736, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2625768, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fb5a0dfd000 mprotect(0x7fb5a0e7d000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7fb5a107d000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x80000) = 0x7fb5a107d000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\240\355\1\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1437064, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3545160, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fb5a0a9b000 mprotect(0x7fb5a0bf4000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7fb5a0df3000, 20480, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x158000) = 0x7fb5a0df3000 mmap(0x7fb5a0df8000, 18504, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a0df8000 close(3) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a192f000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a192e000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a192d000 arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7fb5a192e700) = 0 mprotect(0x7fb5a0df3000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x7fb5a107d000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x7fb5a1939000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x7fb5a1931000, 21735) = 0 open("test.tif", O_RDONLY) = 3 brk(0) = 0x1395000 brk(0x13b6000) = 0x13b6000 read(3, "II*\0\10\0\0\0", 8) = 8 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1825656, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 1825656, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x7fb5a176f000 open("/proc/meminfo", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a1936000 read(4, "MemTotal: 2090844 kB\nMemF"..., 1024) = 1024 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x7fb5a1936000, 4096) = 0 write(2, "TIFFReadDirectory: ", 19TIFFReadDirectory: ) = 19 write(2, "Warning, ", 9Warning, ) = 9 write(2, "test.tif: wrong data type 7 for "..., 59test.tif: wrong data type 7 for "RichTIFFIPTC"; tag ignored) = 59 write(2, ".\n", 2. ) = 2 gettimeofday({1334836895, 374666}, NULL) = 0 fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0664, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a1936000 open("/etc/localtime", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1892, ...}) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1892, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fb5a1935000 read(4, "TZif2\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4\0\0\0\4\0\0\0\0"..., 4096) = 1892 lseek(4, -1217, SEEK_CUR) = 675 read(4, "TZif2\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\6\0\0\0\6\0\0\0\0"..., 4096) = 1217 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x7fb5a1935000, 4096) = 0 write(1, "%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0\n%%Creato"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffff\nff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffff\nfffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "fffffffffff\nffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ff\nfffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffff\nfffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 Here is an strace output for the piped version: PS generation seems to be much slower when output is piped into ps2pdf13. root@web5:~# strace tiff2ps test.tif | ps2pdf13 -sPAPERSIZE=a4 - > test.pdf execve("/usr/bin/tiff2ps", ["tiff2ps", "test.tif"], [/* 28 vars */]) = 0 brk(0) = 0x1b97000 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208bb1000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=21735, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 21735, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9208bab000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/libtiff.so.4", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\200\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=405128, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2501416, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9208733000 mprotect(0x7f9208794000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7f9208993000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x60000) = 0x7f9208993000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/libjpeg.so.62", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\3408\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=145048, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2240080, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9208510000 mprotect(0x7f9208533000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7f9208732000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x22000) = 0x7f9208732000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/libz.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\260\"\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=93936, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208baa000 mmap(NULL, 2188976, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f92082f9000 mprotect(0x7f9208310000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7f920850f000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x16000) = 0x7f920850f000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\360>\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=530736, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 2625768, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9208077000 mprotect(0x7f92080f7000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7f92082f7000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x80000) = 0x7f92082f7000 close(3) = 0 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\240\355\1\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1437064, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 3545160, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9207d15000 mprotect(0x7f9207e6e000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0 mmap(0x7f920806d000, 20480, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x158000) = 0x7f920806d000 mmap(0x7f9208072000, 18504, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208072000 close(3) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208ba9000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208ba8000 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208ba7000 arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7f9208ba8700) = 0 mprotect(0x7f920806d000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x7f92082f7000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x7f9208bb3000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0x7f9208bab000, 21735) = 0 open("test.tif", O_RDONLY) = 3 brk(0) = 0x1b97000 brk(0x1bb8000) = 0x1bb8000 read(3, "II*\0\10\0\0\0", 8) = 8 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1825656, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 1825656, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x7f92089e9000 open("/proc/meminfo", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208bb0000 read(4, "MemTotal: 2090844 kB\nMemF"..., 1024) = 1024 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x7f9208bb0000, 4096) = 0 write(2, "TIFFReadDirectory: ", 19TIFFReadDirectory: ) = 19 write(2, "Warning, ", 9Warning, ) = 9 write(2, "test.tif: wrong data type 7 for "..., 59test.tif: wrong data type 7 for "RichTIFFIPTC"; tag ignored) = 59 write(2, ".\n", 2. ) = 2 gettimeofday({1334836513, 114140}, NULL) = 0 fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFIFO|0600, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208bb0000 open("/etc/localtime", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1892, ...}) = 0 fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1892, ...}) = 0 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9208baf000 read(4, "TZif2\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\4\0\0\0\4\0\0\0\0"..., 4096) = 1892 lseek(4, -1217, SEEK_CUR) = 675 read(4, "TZif2\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\6\0\0\0\6\0\0\0\0"..., 4096) = 1217 close(4) = 0 munmap(0x7f9208baf000, 4096) = 0 write(1, "%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0\n%%Creato"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffff\nff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffff\nfffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "fffffffffff\nffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ff\nfffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 write(1, "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"..., 4096) = 4096 ...etc...

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• alignment and granularity of mmap

  - by OwnWaterloo

  I am confused by the specification of mmap. Let pa be the return address of mmap (the same as the specification) pa = mmap(addr, len, prot, flags, fildes, off); In my opinion after the function call succeed the following range is valid [ pa, pa+len ) My question is whether the range of the following is still valid? [ round_down(pa, pagesize) , round_up(pa+len, pagesize) ) [ base, base + size ] for short That is to say: is the base always aligned on the page boundary? is the size always a multiple of pagesize (the granularity is pagesize in other words) Thanks for your help. I think it is implied in this paragraph : The off argument is constrained to be aligned and sized according to the value returned by sysconf() when passed _SC_PAGESIZE or _SC_PAGE_SIZE. When MAP_FIXED is specified, the application shall ensure that the argument addr also meets these constraints. The implementation performs mapping operations over whole pages. Thus, while the argument len need not meet a size or alignment constraint, the implementation shall include, in any mapping operation, any partial page specified by the range [pa,pa+len). But I'm not sure and I do not have much experience on POSIX. Please show me some more explicit and more definitive evidence Or show me at least one system which supports POSIX and has different behavior Thanks agian.

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• Caching in mmap

  - by myahya

  I am using mmap call to read from a very big file using simple pointer arithmetic in C++. The problem is that when I read small chunks of data (in the order of KBs) multiple times, each read take the same amount of time as the previous one. How can I know if the disk is being accessed to fulfill my request or whether the request is being fulfilled from main memory (page cache) in calls after the first one.

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• Mmap and structure

  - by blid..pl

  I'm working some code including communication between processes, using semaphores. I made structure like this: typedef struct container { sem_t resource, mutex; int counter; } container; and use in that way (in main app and the same in subordinate processes) container *memory; shm_unlink("MYSHM"); //just in case fd = shm_open("MYSHM", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0); if(fd == -1) { printf("Error"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } memory = mmap(NULL, sizeof(container), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); ftruncate(fd, sizeof(container)); Everything is fine when I use one of the sem_ functions, but when I try to do something like memory->counter = 5; It doesn't work. Probably I got something wrong with pointers, but I tried almost everything and nothing seems to work. Maybe there's a better way to share variables, structures etc between processes ? Unfortunately I'm not allowed to use boost or something similiar, the code is for educational purposes and I'm intentend to keep as simple as it's possible.

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• mmap only needed pages of kernel buffer to user space

  - by axeoth

  See also this answer: http://stackoverflow.com/a/10770582/1284631 I need something similar, but without having to allocate a buffer: the buffer is large, in theory, but the user space program only needs to access some parts of it (it mocks some registers of a hardware). As I cannot allocate with vmalloc_user() such a large buffer (kernel 32 bit, in embedded environment, no swap...), I followed the same approach as in the quoted answer, trying to allocate only those pages that are really requested by the user space. So: I use a my_mmap() function for the device file (actually, is the .mmap field of a struct uio_info) to set up the fields of the vma, then, in the vm_area_struct's .fault field (also named my_fault()), I should return a page. except that: In the my_fault() method of vm_area_struct, I cannot obtain a page through: vmf->page=vmalloc_to_page(my_buf + (vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT)); since there is no allocated buffer: my_buf = vmalloc_user(MY_BUF_SIZE); fails with "allocation failed: out of vmalloc space - use vmalloc= to increase size." (and there is no room or swap to increase that vmalloc= parameter). So, I would need to get a page from the kernel and fill the vmf->page field. How to allocate a page (I assume that the offset of the page is known, as it is vm->pgoff). What base memory should I use instead of my_buf? PS: I also did set up the vma->flags |= VM_NORESERVE; (in the my_mmap()), but not sure if it helps. Is there any vmalloc_user_unreserved()-like function? (let's say, lazy allocation) Also, writing 1 to /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory and large values (eg 500) to /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_ratio before trying to my_buf=vmalloc_user(<large_size>) didn't work.

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• How to use mmap to point to STL type?

  - by srikfreak

  I have a mmap typecast to a char pointer char *ptr; ptr = (char *)mmap(0, FILESIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); This was my earlier code. But now I want to use a map instead of char * as the requirements changed. Now, my map is declared as map i_s_map; How do I change my mmap call to point to the map?

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• Why does mmap() fail with ENOMEM on a 1TB sparse file?

  - by metadaddy

  I've been working with large sparse files on openSUSE 11.2 x86_64. When I try to mmap() a 1TB sparse file, it fails with ENOMEM. I would have thought that the 64 bit address space would be adequate to map in a terabyte, but it seems not. Experimenting further, a 1GB file works fine, but a 2GB file (and anything bigger) fails. I'm guessing there might be a setting somewhere to tweak, but an extensive search turns up nothing. Here's some sample code that shows the problem - any clues? #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <unistd.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char * filename = argv[1]; int fd; off_t size = 1UL << 40; // 30 == 1GB, 40 == 1TB fd = open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666); ftruncate(fd, size); printf("Created %ld byte sparse file\n", size); char * buffer = (char *)mmap(NULL, (size_t)size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); if ( buffer == MAP_FAILED ) { perror("mmap"); exit(1); } printf("Done mmap - returned 0x0%lx\n", (unsigned long)buffer); strcpy( buffer, "cafebabe" ); printf("Wrote to start\n"); strcpy( buffer + (size - 9), "deadbeef" ); printf("Wrote to end\n"); if ( munmap(buffer, (size_t)size) < 0 ) { perror("munmap"); exit(1); } close(fd); return 0; }

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• PHP/APC fatal error, apc_mmap: mmap failed

  - by Sudowned

  I'm seeing some intermittent CPU usage spikes to 100%, sort of correlated to these log entries: [27-Feb-2012 13:29:29] PHP Fatal error: PHP Startup: apc_mmap: mmap failed: in Unknown on line 0 [27-Feb-2012 13:29:30] PHP Fatal error: PHP Startup: apc_mmap: mmap failed: in Unknown on line 0 [27-Feb-2012 13:29:31] PHP Fatal error: PHP Startup: apc_mmap: mmap failed: in Unknown on line 0 [27-Feb-2012 13:29:31] PHP Fatal error: PHP Startup: apc_mmap: mmap failed: in Unknown on line 0 phpinfo() indicates that APC is set up, and as far as I can tell this error doesn't cause visible 500 errors on the live site, which is a WordPress install that gets about 600k views monthly. Google's been unhelpful so far, and I was hoping that someone here had some insight as to what's causing this and how to fix it. Curiously, this error only shows up /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log and not the error_log for the cpanel-configured site.

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• will mmap use user cpu instead of whole sys cpu? (solaris)

  - by Daniel

  when use mmap to allocate some anonymous mem, we often set the start address as 0/null so mmap will figure out the starting address by itself. And to get the start address, it will work thought the whole virtual memory space to find a hole which could put the chuck of mem to be allocated. I guess this is calculated as user cpu instead of sys cpu. If the virtual memory is fragmented, then the time to find the starting address will use more user cpu, is my understanding correct

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• Dynamic MMap ran out of room when trying to sudo apt-get anything

  - by user1610406

  I was having an error in Update Manager that asks me to do a partial upgrade and it fails. Now I can't sudo apt-get install anything. I tried to fix it, and now I can't sudo apt-get anything. Every time, I get this output: Reading package lists... Error! E: Dynamic MMap ran out of room. Please increase the size of APT::Cache-Limit. Current value: 25165824. (man 5 apt.conf) E: Error occurred while processing libuptimed0 (NewVersion1) E: Problem with MergeList /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_lucid_universe_binary-i386_Packages W: Unable to munmap E: The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened. I have no idea why this is happening or how to fix it, and I fear that if I try something that probably doesn't work that it will make my problem worse. (Just for reference I am currently running 10.04 (Lucid) on my machine.)

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• How to mmap the stack for the clone() system call on linux?

  - by Joseph Garvin

  The clone() system call on Linux takes a parameter pointing to the stack for the new created thread to use. The obvious way to do this is to simply malloc some space and pass that, but then you have to be sure you've malloc'd as much stack space as that thread will ever use (hard to predict). I remembered that when using pthreads I didn't have to do this, so I was curious what it did instead. I came across this site which explains, "The best solution, used by the Linux pthreads implementation, is to use mmap to allocate memory, with flags specifying a region of memory which is allocated as it is used. This way, memory is allocated for the stack as it is needed, and a segmentation violation will occur if the system is unable to allocate additional memory." The only context I've ever heard mmap used in is for mapping files into memory, and indeed reading the mmap man page it takes a file descriptor. How can this be used for allocating a stack of dynamic length to give to clone()? Is that site just crazy? ;) In either case, doesn't the kernel need to know how to find a free bunch of memory for a new stack anyway, since that's something it has to do all the time as the user launches new processes? Why does a stack pointer even need to be specified in the first place if the kernel can already figure this out?

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• How to write mmap input memory to O_DIRECT output file?

  - by Friedrich

  why doesn't following pseudo-code work (O_DIRECT results in EFAULT) in_fd = open("/dev/mem"); in_mmap = mmap(in_fd); out_fd = open("/tmp/file", O_DIRECT); write(out_fd, in_mmap, PAGE_SIZE); while following does (no O_DIRECT) in_fd = open("/dev/mem"); in_mmap = mmap(in_fd); out_fd = open("/tmp/file"); write(out_fd, in_mmap, PAGE_SIZE); I guess it's something with virtual kernel pages to virtual user pages, which cannot be translated in the write call? Best regards, Friedrich

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• Can the dirtiness of pages of a mmap be found from userspace?

  - by chrisdew

  Can dirtiness of pages of a (non-shared) mmap be accessed from userspace under linux 2.6.30+? Platform-specific hacks and kludges welcome. Ideally, I'm looking for an array of bits, one per page (4kB?) of the mmap'ed region, which are set if that page has been written to since the region was mmap'ed. (I am aware, that the process doing the writing could keep track of this information - but it seems silly to do so if the kernel is doing it anyway.) Thanks, Chris.

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• Examining mmaped addresses using GDB

  - by Mikeage

  I'm using the driver I posted at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/647783/direct-memory-access-in-linux/ to mmap some physical ram into a userspace address. However, I can't use GDB to look at any of the address; i.e., x 0x12345678 (where 0x12345678 is the return value of mmap) fails with an error "Cannot access memory at address 0x12345678". Is there any way to tell GDB that this memory can be viewed? Alternatively, is there something different I can do in the mmap (either the call or the implementation of foo_mmap there) that will allow it to access this memory? Note that I'm not asking about /dev/mem (as in the first snippet there) but amount a mmap to memory acquired via ioremap(), virt_to_phys() and remap_pfn_range()

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• packet mmap send packet format

  - by SeregASM

  I want to improve packet transmitting performance. Before that I used raw sockets and now I study packet_mmap. I have packets(frames) which I already captured from kernel module from another PC, put to current PC and now I want to retransmit them to local interface with following forwarding. I have got example of packet_mmap, integrated it to my project, but I send fd_socket = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL)); memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = PF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_ALL); strcpy(str_devname, "eth0"); strncpy(s_ifr.ifr_name, str_devname, sizeof(s_ifr.ifr_name)); ec = ioctl(fd_socket, SIOCGIFINDEX, &s_ifr); i_ifindex = s_ifr.ifr_ifindex; memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = AF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = ETH_P_ALL; my_addr.sll_ifindex = i_ifindex; bind(fd_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll) s_packet_req.tp_block_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_frame_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_block_nr = c_buffer_nb; s_packet_req.tp_frame_nr = c_buffer_nb; size = s_packet_req.tp_block_size * s_packet_req.tp_block_nr; if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_TX_RING, (char *) &s_packet_req, sizeof(s_packet_req)) < 0) { perror("setsockopt: PACKET_TX_RING"); return; } if (c_sndbuf_sz) { printf("send buff size = %d\n", c_sndbuf_sz); if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &c_sndbuf_sz, sizeof(c_sndbuf_sz)) < 0){ perror("getsockopt: SO_SNDBUF"); exit(1); } } data_offset = TPACKET_HDRLEN - sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll); printf("data offset = %d bytes\n", data_offset); ps_header_start = (tpacket_hdr *) mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd_socket, 0); if (ps_header_start == (void*) -1) { perror("mmap"); exit(1); } Then I fill data ps_header = ((struct tpacket_hdr *) ((char *) ps_header_start + (c_buffer_sz * i_index))); if (!ps_header) { perror("ps_header") ; return NULL; } data = ((char*) ps_header) + data_offset; switch ((volatile uint32_t) ps_header->tp_status) { case TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE: printf("TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE, index=%d\n",i_index) ; memcpy(data, packet_data, size); pthread_mutex_lock(&index_locker) ; i_index++; pthread_mutex_unlock(&index_locker) ; if (i_index >= c_buffer_nb) { i_index = 0; first_loop = 0; } /* update packet len */ ps_header->tp_len = size; /* set header flag to USER (trigs xmit)*/ ps_header->tp_status = TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST; then I send ec_send = sendto(fd_socket, NULL, 0, 0, (struct sockaddr *) ps_sockaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); I have got no errors, ec_send=not null size of sended data. But there are no data routed to destination host. So, I ask - what data I should pass to ring buffer, now I include headers ip,tcp, should I include MAC header? - May be I have to set additional flags to route my packets.

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• mmap() for large file I/O?

  - by Boatzart

  I'm creating a utility in C++ to be run on Linux which can convert videos to a proprietary format. The video frames are very large (up to 16 megapixels), and we need to be able to seek directly to exact frame numbers, so our file format uses libz to compress each frame individually, and append the compressed data onto a file. Once all frames are finished being written, a journal which includes meta data for each frame (including their file offsets and sizes) is written to the end of the file. I'm currently using ifstream and ofstream to do the file i/o, but I am looking to optimize as much as possible. I've heard that mmap() can increase performance in a lot of cases, and I'm wondering if mine is one of them. Our files will be in the tens to hundreds of gigabytes, and although writing will always be done sequentially, random access reads should be done in constant time. Any thoughts as to whether I should investigate this further, and if so does anyone have any tips for things to look out for? Thanks!

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• malloc:mmap(size=XX) failed (error code=12)

  - by Michel

  I have a memory problem in an iPhone app, giving me a hard time. Here is the error message I get: malloc: * mmap(size=9281536) failed (error code=12) * error: can't allocate region I am using ARC for this app, in case that might be useful information. The code (below) is just using a file in the Bundle in order to load a core data entity. The strange thing is the crash happens only after more than 90 loops; while it seems to mee that since the size of the "contents" in getting smaller and smaller, the memory request should also get smaller and smaller. Here is the code, if any one can see a flaw please let me know. NSString *path,*contents,*lineBuffer; path=[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"myFileName" ofType:@"txt"]; contents=[NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil]; int counter=0; while (counter<10000) { lineBuffer=[contents substringToIndex:[contents rangeOfCharacterFromSet:[NSCharacterSet newlineCharacterSet]].location]; contents=[contents substringFromIndex:[lineBuffer length]+1]; newItem=[NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"myEntityName" inManagedObjectContext:context]; [newItem setValue:lineBuffer forKey:@"name"]; request=[[NSFetchRequest alloc] init]; [request setEntity: [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"myEntityName" inManagedObjectContext:context]]; error=nil; [context save:&error]; counter++; }

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• check whether mmap'ed address is correct

  - by reddot

  I'm writing a high-loaded daemon that should be run on the FreeBSD 8.0 and on Linux as well. The main purpose of daemon is to pass files that are requested by their identifier. Identifier is converted into local filename/file size via request to db. And then I use sequential mmap() calls to pass file blocks with send(). However sometimes there are mismatch of filesize in db and filesize on filesystem (realsize < size in db). In this situation I've sent all real data blocks and when next data block is mapped -- mmap returns no errors, just usual address (I've checked errno variable also, it's equal to zero after mmap). And when daemon tries to send this block it gets Segmentation Fault. (This behaviour is guarantedly issued on FreeBSD 8.0 amd64) I was using safe check before open to ensure size with stat() call. However real life shows to me that segfault still can be raised in rare situtaions. So, my question is there a way to check whether pointer is accessible before dereferencing it? When I've opened core in gdb, gdb says that given address is out of bound. Probably there is another solution somebody can propose.

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• Is it possible to store pointers in shared memory without using offsets?

  - by Joseph Garvin

  When using shared memory, each process may mmap the shared region into a different area of their address space. This means that when storing pointers within the shared region, you need to store them as offsets of the start of the shared region. Unfortunately, this complicates use of atomic instructions (e.g. if you're trying to write a lock free algorithm). For example, say you have a bunch of reference counted nodes in shared memory, created by a single writer. The writer periodically atomically updates a pointer 'p' to point to a valid node with positive reference count. Readers want to atomically write to 'p' because it points to the beginning of a node (a struct) whose first element is a reference count. Since p always points to a valid node, incrementing the ref count is safe, and makes it safe to dereference 'p' and access other members. However, this all only works when everything is in the same address space. If the nodes and the 'p' pointer are stored in shared memory, then clients suffer a race condition: x = read p y = x + offset Increment refcount at y During step 2, p may change and x may no longer point to a valid node. The only workaround I can think of is somehow forcing all processes to agree on where to map the shared memory, so that real pointers rather than offsets can be stored in the mmap'd region. Is there any way to do that? I see MAP_FIXED in the mmap documentation, but I don't know how I could pick an address that would be safe.

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• Using memory mapping in C for reading binary

  - by user1320912

  I am trying to read data from a binary file and process it.It is a very large file so I thought I would use memory mapping. I am trying to use memory mapping so I can read the file byte by byte. I am getting a few compiler errors while doing this. I am doing this on a linux platform #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/mman.h> int fd; char *data; fd = open("data.bin", O_RDONLY); pagesize = 4000; data = mmap((caddr_t)0, pagesize, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, pagesize); The errors i get are : caddr not initialized, R_RDONLY not initialized, mmap has too few arguments. Could someone help me out ?

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• Invoking a function (main()) from a binary file in C

  - by Dhara Darji

  I have simple c program like, my_bin.c: #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf("Success!\n"); return 0; } I compile it with gcc and got executable: my_bin. Now I want to invoke main (or run this my_bin) using another C program. That I did with mmap and function pointer like this: #include <stdio.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/mman.h> int main() { void (*fun)(); int fd; int *map; fd = open("./my_bin", O_RDONLY); map = mmap(0, 8378, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); fun = map; fun(); return 0; } PS: I went through some tutorial, for how to read binary file and execute. But this gives Seg fault, any help appreciated! Thanks!

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• Does Python's shelve module use memory-mapped IO?

  - by Matt Luongo

  Does anyone know if Python's shelve module uses memory-mapped IO? Maybe that question is a bit misleading. I realize that shelve uses an underlying dbm-style module to do its dirty work. What are the chances that the underlying module uses mmap? I'm prototyping a datastore, and while I realize premature optimization is generally frowned upon, this could really help me understand the trade-offs involved in my design.

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• Avoid copying of data between user and kernel space and vice-versa

  - by bala1486

  Hello, I am developing a active messaging protocol for parallel computation that replaces TCP/IP. My goal is to decrease the latency of a packet. Since the environment is a LAN, i can replace TCP/IP with simpler protocol to reduce the packet latency. I am not writing any device driver and i am just trying to replace the TCP/IP stack with something simpler. Now I wanted to avoid copying of a packet's data from user space to kernel space and vice-versa. I heard of the mmap(). Is it the best way to do this? If yes, it will be nice if you can give links to some examples. I am a linux newbie and i really appreciate your help.. Thank you... Thanks, Bala

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