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  • Webserver: chrooted PHP gives mysql.sock error when attempting to reach mysql

    - by Jon L.
    Hey guys, I've configured an Ubuntu webserver with Nginx + PHP5-FPM. I've created a chrooted environment (using jailkit) that I'm tossing my developers into, from where they can develop their test applications. Chroot jail: /home/jail Nginx and PHP5-FPM run outside the chroot, but are configured to function with websites within the chrooted environment. So far, Nginx and PHP5-FPM are serving up files without issue, except for the following: When attempting to connect to MySQL, we receive this error: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' Now, I believe the issue is due to the non-chrooted php.ini referencing mysqld.sock outside of the chroot environment (it's actually using the MySQL default setting currently). My question is, how can I configure PHP to access MySQL via loopback or similar? (Found that as a suggestion in a google result, but without any instructions) Or if I'm missing some other obvious setting, let me know. If there's an option of creating a hardlink (that would remain available even if mysql is restarted), that would be handy as well.

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  • Installing MySQL 5.5 manually on Ubuntu 10.04 server, errors about "/tmp/mysql.sock"

    - by black sensei
    I've set up an Ubuntu server and wanted to install MySQL 5.5. I've been following these MySQL documentation steps. I have libaio dev installed. Everything went fine until I ran bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & It runs into an issue and never returns to the shell. The output of mysqld_safe is logging to /usr/local/mysql/data/host_name.err. When I checked that file, it was complaining about /tmp/mysql.sock. I can unfortunately describe just parts of the error, since before I started right now it deleted all the files I've started installing back then by mistake. Should I change the socket to /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.socket after copying the .cnf file to /etc? I've also checked the /var/run/mysqld directory and there is no mysqld.socket. How do I proceed? Thanks for reading this and helping out

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  • mysql-python on Snow Leopard with MySQL 64-bit

    - by Derek Reynolds
    Can't seem to get mysql-python to work on Snow Leopard for the life of me. Currently using the default version of python that ships with Snow Leopard (python 2.6.1). Installed MySQL 5.1.45 x86_64. I download the source for mysql-python http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/ and compile with the following commands: tar xzf MySQL-python-1.2.3c1.tar.gz cd MySQL-python-1.2.3c1 ARCHFLAGS='-arch x86_64' python setup.py build ARCHFLAGS='-arch x86_64' python setup.py install And am getting the following error when I try to import: Python 2.6.1 (r261:67515, Jul 7 2009, 23:51:51) [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5646)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import MySQLdb Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "build/bdist.macosx-10.6-universal/egg/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 19, in <module> File "build/bdist.macosx-10.6-universal/egg/_mysql.py", line 7, in <module> File "build/bdist.macosx-10.6-universal/egg/_mysql.py", line 6, in __bootstrap__ ImportError: dlopen(/Users/derek/.python-eggs/MySQL_python-1.2.3c1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg-tmp/_mysql.so, 2): no suitable image found. Did find: /Users/derek/.python-eggs/MySQL_python-1.2.3c1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg-tmp/_mysql.so: mach-o, but wrong architecture Any ideas? Or the best route for starting over.

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  • MS SQL to MySQL using MySQL Migration Toolkit: permission issue

    - by Zeno
    I have a MS SQL imported into SQL Server 2008 from a .bak and I set it to Mixed mode. I have a SQL user (called "test") that can correctly access the database using SQL Server. I need to convert this to a MySQL database, so I got the MySQL Migration Toolkit. I pick "MS SQL Server" and then it asks for the hostname/username/password/database. I'm not 100% sure on these, but I used "localhost" (running on same computer), left the port as is (1433) and the username/password ("test") for the SQL Server. And I used the database name for the SQL Server database I'm looking to import. I clicked next, enter my MySQL database details and then attempt to run it and I get this error: Connecting to source database and retrieve schemata names. Initializing JDBC driver ... Driver class MS SQL JDBC Driver Opening connection ... Connection jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433/Orders;user=test;password=blah;charset=utf-8;domain= The list of schema names could not be retrieved (error: 0). ReverseEngineeringMssql.getSchemata :Network error IOException: Connection refused: connect Details: net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.ConnectionJDBC2.<init>(ConnectionJDBC2.java:372) net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.ConnectionJDBC3.<init>(ConnectionJDBC3.java:50) net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver.connect(Driver.java:178) java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source) java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source) com.mysql.grt.modules.ReverseEngineeringGeneric.establishConnection(ReverseEngineeringGeneric.java:141) com.mysql.grt.modules.ReverseEngineeringMssql.getSchemata(ReverseEngineeringMssql.java:99) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) com.mysql.grt.Grt.callModuleFunction(Unknown Source)

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  • MySQL daemon keeps terminating unexpectedly

    - by Yehia A.Salam
    The MySQL daemon on my CentOS server keeps crashing, i got the logs from /var/logs/mysqld but still i am not sure how to fix this: 121114 16:22:56 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 121114 21:55:11 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 121114 21:55:11 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not match InnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib_logfiles! 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally! InnoDB: Starting crash recovery. InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files... InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewrite InnoDB: buffer... 121114 21:55:12 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 121114 21:55:13 InnoDB: 1.1.6 started; log sequence number 77177262 121114 21:55:13 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events 121114 21:55:13 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.5.12' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi 121115 00:19:44 mysqld_safe Number of processes running now: 0 121115 00:19:44 mysqld_safe mysqld restarted 121115 0:19:47 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M InnoDB: mmap(137363456 bytes) failed; errno 12 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Fatal error: cannot allocate memory for the buffer pool 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error. 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed. 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Aborting Edit #1 total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 496 370 126 0 24 110 -/+ buffers/cache: 234 261 Swap: 1023 9 1014 Edit #2 Also, largest table in my mysql is 20MB, so my the memory used should be pretty moderate. SELECT CONCAT(table_schema, '.', table_name), CONCAT(ROUND(table_rows / 1000000, 2), 'M') rows, CONCAT(ROUND(data_length / ( 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ), 2), 'G') DATA, CONCAT(ROUND(index_length / ( 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ), 2), 'G') idx, CONCAT(ROUND(( data_length + index_length ) / ( 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ), 2), 'G') total_size, ROUND(index_length / data_length, 2) idxfrac FROM information_schema.TABLES ORDER BY data_length + index_length DESC LIMIT 10;

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  • How to easily upgrade MySQL 5.0.32 to MySQL 5.1.20 or higher on Debian Etch?

    - by Ferdy
    I have a home server running Debian Etch with MySQL 5.0.32 on it. I'm not much of a Linux administrator but two years ago I installed the server and it runs fine. I used the official MySQL package for Debian at that time. Since then I have been happily making use of it. Now I need to use a MySQL function that is only available in MySQL 5.1.20 and higher. Therefore I would like to upgrade. I'm not that confident in messing with something I need every day so I wanted to check with you what the best upgrade path would be? Obviously I prefer a simple upgrade that keeps my database, users and settings in place as they are now.

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  • \G like vertical output in MySQL Workbench for show engine innodb status

    - by KCD
    show engine innodb status; is unusable in MySQL Workbench, as shown here: =====================================120329 12:39:32 INNODB MONITOR OUTPUT=====================================Per second averages calculated from the last 17 seconds-----------------BACKGROUND THREAD-----------------srv_master_thread loops: 192438... However show engine innodb status \G is great on the mysql command line client. Is there any \G equivalent on MySQL workbench or better way to get this information?

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  • New Replication, Optimizer and High Availability features in MySQL 5.6.5!

    - by Rob Young
    As the Product Manager for the MySQL database it is always great to announce when the MySQL Engineering team delivers another great product release.  As a field DBA and developer it is even better when that release contains improvements and innovation that I know will help those currently using MySQL for apps that range from modest intranet sites to the most highly trafficked web sites on the web.  That said, it is my pleasure to take my hat off to MySQL Engineering for today's release of the MySQL 5.6.5 Development Milestone Release ("DMR"). The new highlighted features in MySQL 5.6.5 are discussed here: New Self-Healing Replication ClustersThe 5.6.5 DMR improves MySQL Replication by adding Global Transaction Ids and automated utilities for self-healing Replication clusters.  Prior to 5.6.5 this has been somewhat of a pain point for MySQL users with most developing custom solutions or looking to costly, complex third-party solutions for these capabilities.  With 5.6.5 these shackles are all but removed by a solution that is included with the GPL version of the database and supporting GPL tools.  You can learn all about the details of the great, problem solving Replication features in MySQL 5.6 in Mat Keep's Developer Zone article.  New Replication Administration and Failover UtilitiesAs mentioned above, the new Replication features, Global Transaction Ids specifically, are now supported by a set of automated GPL utilities that leverage the new GTIDs to provide administration and manual or auto failover to the most up to date slave (that is the default, but user configurable if needed) in the event of a master failure. The new utilities, along with links to Engineering related blogs, are discussed in detail in the DevZone Article noted above. Better Query Optimization and ThroughputThe MySQL Optimizer team continues to amaze with the latest round of improvements in 5.6.5. Along with much refactoring of the legacy code base, the Optimizer team has improved complex query optimization and throughput by adding these functional improvements: Subquery Optimizations - Subqueries are now included in the Optimizer path for runtime optimization.  Better throughput of nested queries enables application developers to simplify and consolidate multiple queries and result sets into a single unit or work. Optimizer now uses CURRENT_TIMESTAMP as default for DATETIME columns - For simplification, this eliminates the need for application developers to assign this value when a column of this type is blank by default. Optimizations for Range based queries - Optimizer now uses ready statistics vs Index based scans for queries with multiple range values. Optimizations for queries using filesort and ORDER BY.  Optimization criteria/decision on execution method is done now at optimization vs parsing stage. Print EXPLAIN in JSON format for hierarchical readability and Enterprise tool consumption. You can learn the details about these new features as well all of the Optimizer based improvements in MySQL 5.6 by following the Optimizer team blog. You can download and try the MySQL 5.6.5 DMR here. (look under "Development Releases")  Please let us know what you think!  The new HA utilities for Replication Administration and Failover are available as part of the MySQL Workbench Community Edition, which you can download here .Also New in MySQL LabsAs has become our tradition when announcing DMRs we also like to provide "Early Access" development features to the MySQL Community via the MySQL Labs.  Today is no exception as we are also releasing the following to Labs for you to download, try and let us know your thoughts on where we need to improve:InnoDB Online OperationsMySQL 5.6 now provides Online ADD Index, FK Drop and Online Column RENAME.  These operations are non-blocking and will continue to evolve in future DMRs.  You can learn the grainy details by following John Russell's blog.InnoDB data access via Memcached API ("NotOnlySQL") - Improved refresh of an earlier feature releaseSimilar to Cluster 7.2, MySQL 5.6 provides direct NotOnlySQL access to InnoDB data via the familiar Memcached API. This provides the ultimate in flexibility for developers who need fast, simple key/value access and complex query support commingled within their applications.Improved Transactional Performance, ScaleThe InnoDB Engineering team has once again under promised and over delivered in the area of improved performance and scale.  These improvements are also included in the aggregated Spring 2012 labs release:InnoDB CPU cache performance improvements for modern, multi-core/CPU systems show great promise with internal tests showing:    2x throughput improvement for read only activity 6x throughput improvement for SELECT range Read/Write benchmarks are in progress More details on the above are available here. You can download all of the above in an aggregated "InnoDB 2012 Spring Labs Release" binary from the MySQL Labs. You can also learn more about these improvements and about related fixes to mysys mutex and hash sort by checking out the InnoDB team blog.MySQL 5.6.5 is another installment in what we believe will be the best release of the MySQL database ever.  It also serves as a shining example of how the MySQL Engineering team at Oracle leads in MySQL innovation.You can get the overall Oracle message on the MySQL 5.6.5 DMR and Early Access labs features here. As always, thanks for your continued support of MySQL, the #1 open source database on the planet!

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  • mysql master-slave setup with synchronous replication

    - by imaginative
    I have a very trivial mysql master-slave setup going on between two servers. The problem is, replication is asynchronous, and this can cause issues (even on a low latency link), if the master server was to crash after a COMMIT before the replication thread from the slave was able to fetch the last bin log. Is there anyway to force mysql to do synchronous commits so that data consistency is guaranteed in a mysql-slave relationship?

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  • Get MySQL 5.6 Certified at a Much Reduced Price

    - by Antoinette O'Sullivan
    You have already heard the great news that you can now prove your knowledge of MySQL Server 5.6 with the new MySQL certification exams: Oracle Certified Professional, MySQL 5.6 Developer Oracle Certified Professional, MySQL 5.6 Database Administrator Until December 14th 2013, there exams are beta phase so you get a fully-fledged certification at a much reduced price; for example $50 in the United States or 39 euros in the euro zone. There is a lot of excitement around these new certifications as people ramp up to prove their expertise. Here is some information that might help you are you prepare to get MySQL 5.6 certified. Establishing What You Need to Know Your first step is to chose whether you want to take the MySQL 5.6 Developer or MySQL 5.6 Database Administrator certification. Now click on the Exam Topics tab on the corresponding certification page. You will see a list of topics that you will be tested on during the certification exam. These are the areas that you need to improve your knowledge on, if you are not already expert. Register For a Certification Exam Click on the relevant certification and then click on Register for this Exam. The Pearson VUE site will guide you through signing up for an event at a date and location to suit you. Preparing to Take an Exam For each certification, you can click on the Exam Preparation tab. This indicates the recommended training and reference material that can help you prepare to sit the exam. And why not follow the experience of others preparing to take these exams. Todd Farmer Morgan Tocker Moritz Schupp Open Source Dba's blog You could also read MySQL hints and tips from Jeremy Smyth who is part of the team writing the authentic MySQL curriculum.

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  • Java-JDBC-MySQL Error

    - by LeonardPeris
    I'm trying to get my java program to talk to a MySQL DB. So i did some reading and downloaded MySQL Connector/J. I've extracted it into my home directory ~. Here are the contents. user@hamster:~$ ls LoadDriver.class LoadDriver.java mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar The contents of LoadDriver.java are user@hamster:~$ cat LoadDriver.java import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; // Notice, do not import com.mysql.jdbc.* // or you will have problems! public class LoadDriver { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // The newInstance() call is a work around for some // broken Java implementations Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println(ex); } } } The contents are the same from http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/connector-j-usagenotes-basic.html#connector-j-usagenotes-connect-drivermanager with the only change that the Exception is being printed to console in the catch block. I compile it as follows leonard@hamster:~$ javac LoadDriver.java When I try to execute it, the following is the ouput. leonard@hamster:~$ java LoadDriver java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver This output is consistent with the executing command, but when trying to run it with the prescribed CLASSPATH method I run into the following issue. leonard@hamster:~$ java -cp /home/leonard/mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar LoadDriver Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: LoadDriver Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: LoadDriver at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:217) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:205) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:321) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:294) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:266) Could not find the main class: LoadDriver. Program will exit. Am I missing something? How do I get MySQL's own code samples running.

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  • MySQL for Beginners Training-on-Demand First Hand Insight

    - by Antoinette O'Sullivan
    The MySQL for Beginners course is THE course to get you started with MySQL providing you a solid foundation in relational databases using MySQL as a learning tool. Oracle University recently released the Training-on-Demand option for this course.  Ben Krug from the MySQL product team is trying out the MySQL for Beginners Training-on-Demand course and reporting on his experience. You can follow Ben on MySQL Support Blogs. The MySQL for Beginners course is available as: Training-on-Demand: Follow streaming video of instructor delivery and perform hands-on exercises as your own pace. You can start training with 24 hours of purchase. Live-Virtual: Attend a live-instructor led class from your own desk. Hundreds of events on the schedule across timezones. In-Class: Travel to an education center to attend this instructor-led class. Some events on the schedule below:  Location  Date  Delivery Language  Warsaw, Poland  24 September 2012  Polish  Dublin, Ireland  15 October 2012  English  London, United Kingdom  11 September 2012  English  Rome, Italy  5 November 2012  Italian  Hamburg, Germany  3 December 2012  German  Lisbon, Portugal  5 November 2012  European Portugese  Amsterdam, Netherlands  10 December 2012  Dutch  Nieuwegein, Netherlands  18 February 2013  Dutch  Nairobi, Kenya  12 November 2012  English  Barcelona, Spain  5 November 2012  Spanish  Madrid, Spain  8 January 2013  Spanish  Latvia, Riga  12 November 2012  Latvian  Petaling Jaya, Malaysia  22 October 2012  English  Ottawa, Toronto and Montreal Canada  17 December 2012  English  Sao Paulo, Brazil  11 September 2012  Brazilian Portugese  Sao Paulo, Brazil  5 November 2012  Brazilian Portugese  For more information on the Authentic MySQL Curriculum, go to the Oracle University Portal - http://oracle.com/education/mysql

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  • Upcoming MySQL Events in Europe

    - by Bertrand Matthelié
    @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }h2 { margin: 12pt 0cm 3pt; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 14pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: italic; }a:link, span.MsoHyperlink { color: blue; text-decoration: underline; }a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed { color: purple; text-decoration: underline; }span.Heading2Char { font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; }span.apple-style-span { }div.Section1 { page: Section1; } Oracle’s European MySQL team is active running many events during the upcoming couple of months. We hope to see you there - Register Now! Scale with MySQL Are you looking to scale with MySQL? On-premise or in the cloud? Leveraging SQL and NoSQL Access? Join us for a free Oracle seminar focusing on best practices for MySQL performance and scalability. April 25: London May 22: Berlin MySQL Enterprise Edition Workshop In this hands-on seminar we will present the MySQL Enterprise Edition management tools under guidance of Oracle’s MySQL experts providing hints and tips. May 8: Düsseldorf High Availability Solutions for MySQL Web-based and business critical applications must typically be available 24/7. In addition to being very costly due to lost revenue opportunities, downtime can be extremely detrimental to customer loyalty, and present regulatory issues if data is compromised. Join us for this seminar to better understand how to achieve high availability with MySQL. May 10: Helsinki May 23: Munich May 24: Baden-Dättwil (near Zürich)

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  • HTTP, JSON, JavaScript, Map and Reduce built-in to MySQL

    - by Bertrand Matthelié
    Oracle MySQL Engineer Ulf Wendel delivered yesterday a talk about his Proof of Concept at the International PHP Conference in Berlin entitled: “HTTP, JSON, JavaScript, Map and Reduce built-in to MySQL - make it happen, today.” The presentation has been featured today on the home page of SlideShare, both into the “Hot on Facebook” and “Hot on Twitter” sections. Well done, Ulf! Especially just before the wedding…:) Presentation abstract: See how a MySQL Server plugin can be developed to build all this into MySQL. A new direct wire between MySQL and client-side JavaScript is created. MySQL speaks HTTP, replies JSON and offers server-side JavaScript. Server-side JavaScript gets access to MySQL data and does Map&Reduce of JSON documents stored in MySQL. Fast? 2-4x faster than proxing client-side JavaScript request through PHP/Apache. Reasonable results... Slides available here. And, talking about innovation… today is Oracle’s MySQL Innovation Day, you can still attend the event online. Register Now, it starts at 9.00 am PT.

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  • MySQL – Scalability on Amazon RDS: Scale out to multiple RDS instances

    - by Pinal Dave
    Today, I’d like to discuss getting better MySQL scalability on Amazon RDS. The question of the day: “What can you do when a MySQL database needs to scale write-intensive workloads beyond the capabilities of the largest available machine on Amazon RDS?” Let’s take a look. In a typical EC2/RDS set-up, users connect to app servers from their mobile devices and tablets, computers, browsers, etc.  Then app servers connect to an RDS instance (web/cloud services) and in some cases they might leverage some read-only replicas.   Figure 1. A typical RDS instance is a single-instance database, with read replicas.  This is not very good at handling high write-based throughput. As your application becomes more popular you can expect an increasing number of users, more transactions, and more accumulated data.  User interactions can become more challenging as the application adds more sophisticated capabilities. The result of all this positive activity: your MySQL database will inevitably begin to experience scalability pressures. What can you do? Broadly speaking, there are four options available to improve MySQL scalability on RDS. 1. Larger RDS Instances – If you’re not already using the maximum available RDS instance, you can always scale up – to larger hardware.  Bigger CPUs, more compute power, more memory et cetera. But the largest available RDS instance is still limited.  And they get expensive. “High-Memory Quadruple Extra Large DB Instance”: 68 GB of memory 26 ECUs (8 virtual cores with 3.25 ECUs each) 64-bit platform High I/O Capacity Provisioned IOPS Optimized: 1000Mbps 2. Provisioned IOPs – You can get provisioned IOPs and higher throughput on the I/O level. However, there is a hard limit with a maximum instance size and maximum number of provisioned IOPs you can buy from Amazon and you simply cannot scale beyond these hardware specifications. 3. Leverage Read Replicas – If your application permits, you can leverage read replicas to offload some reads from the master databases. But there are a limited number of replicas you can utilize and Amazon generally requires some modifications to your existing application. And read-replicas don’t help with write-intensive applications. 4. Multiple Database Instances – Amazon offers a fourth option: “You can implement partitioning,thereby spreading your data across multiple database Instances” (Link) However, Amazon does not offer any guidance or facilities to help you with this. “Multiple database instances” is not an RDS feature.  And Amazon doesn’t explain how to implement this idea. In fact, when asked, this is the response on an Amazon forum: Q: Is there any documents that describe the partition DB across multiple RDS? I need to use DB with more 1TB but exist a limitation during the create process, but I read in the any FAQ that you need to partition database, but I don’t find any documents that describe it. A: “DB partitioning/sharding is not an official feature of Amazon RDS or MySQL, but a technique to scale out database by using multiple database instances. The appropriate way to split data depends on the characteristics of the application or data set. Therefore, there is no concrete and specific guidance.” So now what? The answer is to scale out with ScaleBase. Amazon RDS with ScaleBase: What you get – MySQL Scalability! ScaleBase is specifically designed to scale out a single MySQL RDS instance into multiple MySQL instances. Critically, this is accomplished with no changes to your application code.  Your application continues to “see” one database.   ScaleBase does all the work of managing and enforcing an optimized data distribution policy to create multiple MySQL instances. With ScaleBase, data distribution, transactions, concurrency control, and two-phase commit are all 100% transparent and 100% ACID-compliant, so applications, services and tooling continue to interact with your distributed RDS as if it were a single MySQL instance. The result: now you can cost-effectively leverage multiple MySQL RDS instance to scale out write-intensive workloads to an unlimited number of users, transactions, and data. Amazon RDS with ScaleBase: What you keep – Everything! And how does this change your Amazon environment? 1. Keep your application, unchanged – There is no change your application development life-cycle at all.  You still use your existing development tools, frameworks and libraries.  Application quality assurance and testing cycles stay the same. And, critically, you stay with an ACID-compliant MySQL environment. 2. Keep your RDS value-added services – The value-added services that you rely on are all still available. Amazon will continue to handle database maintenance and updates for you. You can still leverage High Availability via Multi A-Z.  And, if it benefits youra application throughput, you can still use read replicas. 3. Keep your RDS administration – Finally the RDS monitoring and provisioning tools you rely on still work as they did before. With your one large MySQL instance, now split into multiple instances, you can actually use less expensive, smallersmaller available RDS hardware and continue to see better database performance. Conclusion Amazon RDS is a tremendous service, but it doesn’t offer solutions to scale beyond a single MySQL instance. Larger RDS instances get more expensive.  And when you max-out on the available hardware, you’re stuck.  Amazon recommends scaling out your single instance into multiple instances for transaction-intensive apps, but offers no services or guidance to help you. This is where ScaleBase comes in to save the day. It gives you a simple and effective way to create multiple MySQL RDS instances, while removing all the complexities typically caused by “DIY” sharding andwith no changes to your applications . With ScaleBase you continue to leverage the AWS/RDS ecosystem: commodity hardware and value added services like read replicas, multi A-Z, maintenance/updates and administration with monitoring tools and provisioning. SCALEBASE ON AMAZON If you’re curious to try ScaleBase on Amazon, it can be found here – Download NOW. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: MySQL, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • MySQL SSL: bad other signature confirmation

    - by samJL
    I am trying to enable SSL connections for MySQL-- SSL will show as enabled in MySQL, but I can't make any connections due to this error: ERROR 2026 (HY000): SSL connection error: ASN: bad other signature confirmation I am running the following: Ubuntu Version: 14.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.13.0-34-generic x86_64) MySQL Version: 5.5.38-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 OpenSSL Version: OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014 I used these commands to generate my certificates (all generated in /etc/mysql): openssl genrsa -out ca-key.pem 2048 openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -days 3650 -key ca-key.pem -out ca-cert.pem -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=MyCompany/CN=ca" openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -days 3650 -keyout server-key.pem -out server-req.pem -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=MyCompany/CN=server" openssl rsa -in server-key.pem -out server-key.pem openssl x509 -req -in server-req.pem -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 -out server-cert.pem openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -days 3650 -keyout client-key.pem -out client-req.pem -subj "/C=US/ST=NY/O=MyCompany/CN=client" openssl rsa -in client-key.pem -out client-key.pem openssl x509 -req -in client-req.pem -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 -out client-cert.pem I put the following in my.cnf: [mysqld] ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/ca-cert.pem ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem When I attempt to connect specifying the client certificates-- I get the following error: mysql -uroot -ppassword --ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/ca-cert.pem --ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/client-cert.pem --ssl-key=/etc/mysql/client-key.pem ERROR 2026 (HY000): SSL connection error: ASN: bad other signature confirmation If I connect without SSL, I can see that MySQL has correctly loaded the certificates: mysql -uroot -ppassword --ssl=false mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%ssl%'; +---------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+----------------------------+ | have_openssl | YES | | have_ssl | YES | | ssl_ca | /etc/mysql/ca-cert.pem | | ssl_capath | | | ssl_cert | /etc/mysql/server-cert.pem | | ssl_cipher | | | ssl_key | /etc/mysql/server-key.pem | +---------------+----------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) My generated certificates pass OpenSSL verification and modulus: openssl verify -CAfile ca-cert.pem server-cert.pem client-cert.pem server-cert.pem: OK client-cert.pem: OK What am I missing? I used this same process before on a different server and it worked- however the Ubuntu version was 12.04 LTS and the OpenSSL version was older (don't remember specifically). Has something changed with the latest OpenSSL? Any help would be appreciated!

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  • Oracle üzleti intelligencia és MySQL adatforrás

    - by Fekete Zoltán
    A tegnap Oracle sajtóhír a következo bejelentésrol szól: megjelent a MySQL Cluster 7.1 új verziója. Ez is az Oracle elkötelezettségét jelzi a MySQL fejlesztése és az Open Source mellett. A témáról nemrég irt a HWSW a következo cikkben: Az Oracle betekintést engedett a MySQL jövojébe. Idézetek a cikkbol: "Santa Clarában az O'Reilly MySQL Conference and Expo rendezvényen személyesen az Oracle fomérnöke, Edward Screven beszélt arról, milyen jövot szánnak a MySQL-nek." "Screven igyekezett megerosíteni az Oracle korábbi vállalásait. "Továbbra is fejleszteni és javítani és támogatni fogjuk a MySQL-t" - szögezte le a fomérnök..." Miért is érdekes ez? Azért mert Oracle Business Intelligence csomagok egyik adatforrása a MySQL adatbázis. Azért mert az Oracle BI csomagok lelke, az Oracle BI Server egyedülállóan jól integrál heterogén adatforrásokat, mindezt egyetlen közös üzleti metaadat réteggel! Többek között erre nem képesek más szállítók.

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  • Megjelent a MySQL 5.5

    - by Lajos Sárecz
    Rekord ido alatt készült el az új MySQL 5.5 verziót, melyet a mai nap jelentett be az Oracle. Ez újabb bizonyítéka annak, hogy az Oracle komolyan fejleszti a MySQL-t is, és igyekszik innovatív megoldásokkal megörvendeztetni a MySQL felhasználókat is. Akinek 'Déja-vu' érzése van, az nem véletlen, hiszen a szeptemberi OpenWorld konferencián került bejelentésre a MySQL 5.5 RC, azaz a Release Candidate, melyrol beszámolt például a hwsw.hu is. Az új verzióban elsosorban a teljesítményen és a skálázhatóságon fejlesztett az Oracle. Így például alapértelmezetten az InnoDB storage engine jön a MySQL-el, aminek köszönhetoen például ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) tranzakciókat hajt végre az adatbázis-kezelo (ez mondjuk nem egy apró részlet...). Emellett újdonságot jelent még a majdnem szinkron replikáció, a fejlettebb index és tábla particionálás, valamint diagnosztika terén bevezetésre került egy új PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA, aminek köszönhetoen javult a MySQL menedzselhetosége. A RC verzióval futtatott tesztek jelentos gyorsulást mutattak a MySQL 5.1-es verziójához képest, így érdemes megfontolni a verzió frissítést.

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  • Cant connect to MySQL server from Java application

    - by RN
    This is on VPS\Centos server. The MySQL server is pre configured. I am running the Java application on Tomcat My Java web application is not able to connect to the MySQL server. I get an error - "Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused" I suspect this to be a configuration problem rather than a coding problem- hence I have posted this on ServerFault And yes, The same web-app is able to connect to MySQL on a different linux box This is the URL that I provided to my Java application (note- it assumes default port) url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/pickupgames" My first suspicion was that I am running on a non-default port So I tried to find the port where mySQL server is running I tried every trick mentioned in http://serverfault.com/questions/116100/how-to-check-what-port-mysql-is-running-on But no luck ! SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'PORT'; This shows port 0 netstat -tlnp doesn't show mysql at all /etc/my.cnf It has no port entry telnet localhost 3306 Doesn't connect And in case you are wondering if mysql server is running at all or not It is And I know for sure, because I have been able to login using the mysql command Also # ps -ef|grep 'mysql' root 31839 27662 0 00:49 pts/3 00:00:00 grep mysql root 32452 1 0 Apr02 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking mysql 32504 32452 0 Apr02 ? 00:00:06 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --skip-external-locking --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking Please note the --skip-networking parameter Does this have something to do with the issue ? Any explanation why I cant connect to mysql server on port 3306 by telnet? Or why it docent show up under netstat? Any suggestion on whet I should try next ?

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  • Mysql my.cnf as simbolic link in Ubuntu 12.04

    - by Juan Cruz
    I am not able to use symlink for my.cnf file (Ubuntu 12.04 server). I added the alias to /etc/apparmor.d/tunables/alias file (as I did for 10.04 and worked) but I get: May 30 16:00:01 ip-10-242-209-203 kernel: [176926.213403] type=1400 audit(1338393601.350:244): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" parent=1 profile="/usr/sbin/mysqld" name="/opt/data/my.cnf" pid=18128 comm="mysqld" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=0 ouid=0 May 30 16:00:01 ip-10-242-209-203 kernel: [176926.222016] init: mysql main process (18128) terminated with status 1 May 30 16:00:01 ip-10-242-209-203 kernel: [176926.222084] init: mysql respawning too fast, stopped As a workaround I added the following line /etc/mysql/my.cnf r, to the /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld file. The default configuration is /etc/mysql/*.cnf r, Is this a bug? is an apparmor bug or a mysql bug? It seems that that configuration has changed since MySql 5.1 (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mysql-5.1/+bug/619172) but now worked for me. Thanks!

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  • study materials for Mysql certification?

    - by Andre
    I'm preparing for Mysql certification, nowadays officially titled: Oracle Certified Professional, MySQL 5.0 Developer certification After looking through Mysql forum it looks like most people recommended this book: http://www.amazon.com/MySQL-5-0-Certification-Study-Guide/dp/0672328127/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1299972594&sr=8-1 Which as far as I learned - was the official preparation source at the time when Mysql was controlled by Mysql AB and Sun. Now, however - Oracle officially doesn't recommend this book. to be precise - I don't now what they recommend. I could only find this "value package":( http://education.oracle.com/pls/web_prod-plq-dad/db_pages.getpage?page_id=532 Can someone who got mysql certification confirm that this book is what they have used? Also -If there is any other moderately priced study materials out there - plz let me know. Thanks P.s. mods - feel free to kick this question into more suitable site.:)

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  • #1045 Cannot log in to the MySQL server

    - by user1198291
    I am totally new in linux/ubuntu I am trying to setup lamp on my OS, however I've installed apache , php , mysql by following commands: sudo apt-get install apache2 sudo apt-get install php5 sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 sudo apt-get install mysql-server libapache2-mod-auth-mysql php5-mysql sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin everything works fine except that i totally cannot log into MySQL(which leads to phpmyadmin failure login) getting the errors : #1045 Cannot log in to the MySQL server Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES) I googled the problem and also I have tried to reinstall all installed components, but the same result came up! in windows i usually modified the content of mysql configure file but in ubuntu nothing is as same as windows!:) can anybody help me on this, really need to setup lampp :-S thanks in advanced

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  • Installing/configuring mysql server nightmare

    - by allenskd
    I've never had problems installing and configuring mysql server in kubuntu but now it's just being stubborn, here's my issue: I installed the packages mysql-server, mysql-client (both 5.1), the server package asked me to put a root password, which I did, it then started saying "access denied", on anything Later on, I decided to purge the packages and re-install and gave a tweak to the my.cnf and not it says ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2) Please, is there a way to do a fresh start on this and do it right this time? I don't know if I'm missing something but the /var/lib/mysql is not empty but there is no .pid, now the mysql service won't start, there is no mysql.sock either Any help appreciated

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  • Redehost Transforms Cloud & Hosting Services with MySQL Enterprise Edition

    - by Mat Keep
    RedeHost are one of Brazil's largest cloud computing and web hosting providers, with more than 60,000 customers and 52,000 web sites running on its infrastructure. As the company grew, Redehost needed to automate operations, such as system monitoring, making the operations team more proactive in solving problems. Redehost also sought to improve server uptime, robustness, and availability, especially during backup windows, when performance would often dip. To address the needs of the business, Redehost migrated from the community edition of MySQL to MySQL Enterprise Edition, which has delivered a host of benefits: - Pro-active database management and monitoring using MySQL Enterprise Monitor, enabling Redehost to fulfil customer SLAs. Using the Query Analyzer, Redehost were able to more rapidly identify slow queries, improving customer support - Quadrupled backup speed with MySQL Enterprise Backup, leading to faster data recovery and improved system availability - Reduced DBA overhead by 50% due to the improved support capabilities offered by MySQL Enterprise Edition. - Enabled infrastructure consolidation, avoiding unnecessary energy costs and premature hardware acquisition You can learn more from the full Redehost Case Study Also, take a look at the recently updated MySQL in the Cloud whitepaper for the latest developments that are making it even simpler and more efficient to develop and deploy new services with MySQL in the cloud

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  • Instructions on how to configure a WebLogic Cluster and use it with Oracle Http Server

    - by Laurent Goldsztejn
    On October 17th I delivered a webcast on WebLogic Clustering that included a demo with Apache as the proxy server.  I realized that many steps are needed to set up the configuration I used during the demo.  The purpose of this article is to go through these steps to show how quickly and easily one can define a new cluster and then proxy requests via an Oracle Http Server (OHS). The domain configuration wizard offers the option to create a cluster.  The administration console or WLST, the Weblogic scripting tool can also be used to define a new cluster.  It can be created at any time but the servers that will participate in it cannot be in a running state. Cluster Creation using the configuration wizard Network and architecture requirements need to be considered while choosing between unicast and multicast. Multicast Vs. Unicast with WebLogic Clustering is of great help to make the best decision between the two messaging modes.  In addition, Configure Cluster offers details on each single field displayed above. After this initial configuration page, individual servers could be assigned to this newly created cluster although servers can be added later to the cluster.  What is not recommended is for the Admin server to participate in a cluster as the main purpose of the Admin server is to perform the bulk of the processing for the domain.  Servers need to stop before being assigned to a cluster.  There is also no minimum number of servers that have to participate in the cluster. At this point the configuration should be done and the cluster created successfully.  This can easily be verified from the console. Each clustered managed server can be launched to join the cluster.   At startup the following messages should be logged for each clustered managed server: <Notice> <WeblogicServer> <BEA-000365> <Server state changed to STARTING> <Notice> <Cluster> <BEA-000197> <Listening for announcements from cluster using messaging_mode cluster messaging> <Notice> <Cluster> <BEA-000133> <Waiting to synchronize with other running members of cluster_name>  It's time to try sending requests to the cluster and we will do this with the help of Oracle Http Server to play the role of a proxy server to demonstrate load balancing.  Proxy Server configuration  The first step is to download Weblogic Server Web Server Plugin that will enhance the web server by handling requests aimed at being sent to the Weblogic cluster.  For our test Oracle Http Server (OHS) will be used.  However plug-ins are also available for Apache Http server, Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS), Oracle iPlanet Webserver or even WebLogic Server with the HttpClusterServlet. Once OHS is installed on the system, the configuration file, mod_wl_ohs.conf, will need to be altered to include Weblogic proxy specifics. First of all, add the following directive to instruct Apache to load the Weblogic shared object module extracted from the plugins file just downloaded. LoadModule weblogic_module modules/mod_wl_ohs.so and then create an IfModule directive to encapsulate the following location block so that proxy will be enabled by path (each request including /wls will be directed directly to the WebLogic Cluster).  You could also proxy requests by MIME type using MatchExpression in the Location block. <IfModule weblogic_module> <Location /wls>    SetHandler weblogic-handler    PathTrim /wls    WebLogicCluster MS1_URL:port,MS2_URL:port    Debug ON    WLLogFile        c:/tmp/global_proxy.log     WLTempDir        "c:/myTemp"    DebugConfigInfo  On </Location> </IfModule> SetHandler specifies the handler for the plug-in module  PathTrim will instruct the plug-in to trim /w ls from the URL before forwarding the request to the cluster. The list of WebLogic Servers defined in WeblogicCluster could contain a mixed set of clustered and single servers.  However, the dynamic list returned for this parameter will only contain valid clustered servers and may contain more servers if not all clustered servers are listed in WeblogicCluster. Testing proxy and load balancing It's time to start OHS web server which should at this point be configured correctly to proxy requests to the clustered servers.  By default round-robin is the load balancing strategy set by WebLogic. Testing the load balancing can be easily done by disabling cookies on your browser given that a request containing a cookie attempts to connect to the primary server. If that attempt fails, the plug-in attempts to make a connection to the next available server in the list in a round-robin fashion.  With cookies enabled, you could use two different browsers to test the load balancing with a JSP page that contains the following: <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" language="java"  %>  <%  String path = request.getContextPath();   String getProtocol=request.getScheme();   String getDomain=request.getServerName();   String getPort=Integer.toString(request.getLocalPort());   String getPath = getProtocol+"://"+getDomain+":"+getPort+path+"/"; %> <html> <body> Receiving Server <%=getPath%> </body> </html>  Assuming that you name the JSP page Test.jsp and the webapp that contains it TestApp, your browsers should open the following URL: http://localhost/wls/TestApp/Test.jsp  Each browser should connect to a different clustered server and this simple JSP should confirm that.  The webapp that contains the JSP needs to be deployed to the cluster. You can also verify that the load is correctly balanced by looking at the proxy log file.  Each request generates a set of log entries that starts with : timestamp ================New Request: Each request is associated with a primary server and a secondary server if one is available.  For our test request, the following entries should appear in the log as well:Using Uri /wls/TestApp/Test.jsp After trimming path: '/TestApp/Test.jsp' The final request string is '/TestApp/Test.jsp' If an exception occurs, it should also be logged in the proxy log file with the prefix:timestamp *******Exception type   WeblogicBridgeConfig DebugConfigInfo enables runtime statistics and the production of configuration information.  For security purposes, this parameter should be turned off in production. http://webserver_host:port/path/xyz.jsp?__WebLogicBridgeConfig will display a proxy bridge page detailing the plugin configuration followed by runtime statistics which could help in diagnosing issues along with the analyzing of the proxy log file.  In our example the url would be: http://localhost/wls/TestApp/Test.jsp?__WebLogicBridgeConfig  Here is how the top section of the screen can look like: The bottom part of the page contains runtime statistics, here is a snippet of it (unrelated with the previous JSP example).   This entire plugin configuration should be very similar with other web servers, what varies is the name of the proxy server configuration file. So, as you can see, it only takes a few minutes to configure a Weblogic cluster and get servers to join it. 

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