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• Why are C, C++, and LISP so prevalent in embedded devices and robots?

  - by David

  It seems that the software language skills most sought for embedded devices and robots are C, C++, and LISP. Why haven't more recent languages made inroads into these applications? For example, Erlang would seem particularly well-suited to robotic applications, since it makes concurrent programming easier and allows hot swapping of code. Python would seem to be useful, if for no other reason than its support of multiple programming paradigms. I'm even surprised that Java hasn't made a foray into general robotic programming. I'm sure one argument would be, "Some newer languages are interpreted, not compiled" - implying that compiled languages are quicker and use fewer computational resources. Is this still the case, in a time when we can put a Java Virtual Machine on a cell phone or a SunSpot? (and isn't LISP interpreted anyway?)

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• How do I convert a number (as a String) to an array of bytes in Java?

  - by user1795595

  I'm creating a method specific method for a java project i'm working on. The UML given specifies the return type to be of static byte[] that accepts the arguments (String, byte) So far, looks like this: public static byte[] convertNumToDigitArray(String number, byte numDigits) { } This method is supposed to convert a number (as a String) to an array of bytes. The ordering must go from most to least significant digits. For example, if the number String is “732” then index 0 of the array should contain 7. The last argument (numDigits) should match the length of the string passed in. How do I do this?

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• WIX: How to register an Application to a URL Protocol?

  - by NOP slider

  In WIX 3.5 you can register file types easily: <ProgId Id="MyApp.File" Description="MyApp File" Icon="MyAppEXE" IconIndex="0"> <Extension Id="ext" ContentType="application/x-myapp-file"> <Verb Id="open" Command="&amp;Open" TargetFile="MyAppEXE" Argument="&quot;%1&quot;"/> </Extension> </ProgId> What if I want to register an URL protocol, as specified here? Obviously, it has no extension so where would I put the Verb tag? Or should I use another approach? Thanks.

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• How to receive a arg from command line in C

  - by 115599yy

  Hi everyone: I want to write a program to receive a argument from command line. It's like a kind of atof(). There my program goes: 9 char s[] = "3.1415e-4"; 10 if (argc == 1) { 11 printf("%e\n",atof(s)); 12 } 13 else if (argc == 2) { 14 //strcpy(s, argv[1]); 15 printf("%e\n",atof(argv[1])); 16 } 1.should I just use argv[1] for the string to pass to my atof(), or, put it into s[]? 2.If I'd better put it in s[], is there some build-in function to do this "put" work? maybe some function like strcpy()?? thanks.

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• Why doesn't functools.partial return a real function (and how to create one that does)?

  - by epsilon

  So I was playing around with currying functions in Python and one of the things that I noticed was that functools.partial returns a partial object rather than an actual function. One of the things that annoyed me about this was that if I did something along the lines of: five = partial(len, 'hello') five('something') then we get TypeError: len() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given) but what I want to happen is TypeError: five() takes no arguments (1 given) Is there a clean way to make it work like this? I wrote a workaround, but it's too hacky for my taste (doesn't work yet for functions with varargs): def mypartial(f, *args): argcount = f.func_code.co_argcount - len(args) params = ''.join('a' + str(i) + ',' for i in xrange(argcount)) code = ''' def func(f, args): def %s(%s): return f(*(args+(%s))) return %s ''' % (f.func_name, params, params, f.func_name) exec code in locals() return func(f, args)

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• C# dll import function correctly

  - by poco

  I am trying to import a function from a c dll into C#. The c function looks like this unsigned short write_buffer( unsigned short device_number, unsigned short word_count, unsigned long buffer_link, unsigned short* buffer) my attempt at a C# import looks like this [DllImport("sslib32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)] private static extern ushort write_buffer(ushort deviceNumber, ushort wordCount, UInt32 bufferLink, IntPtr buffer) In C# i have a Dictionary of messages that i would like to pass to this function. The Dictionary looks like this: Dictionary<string, List<ushort>> msgs I am a bit confused how to make a make a proper call to pass msgs as the buffer. deviceNumber is 2, wordCount is 32, and buffLink is 0. So i know the call should look something like this write_buffer(2,32,0, msgs[key]); Obviously i am getting an invalid argument for the IntPtr. What is the proper way to make this call?

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• Problem with number/type of arguments passed to an overloaded c++ constructor wrapped with swig.

  - by MiKo

  I am trying to wrap a c++ class (let's call it "Spam") written by someone else with swig to expose it to Python. After solving several problems, I am able to import the module in python, but when I try to create an object of such class I obtain the following error: foo = Spam.Spam('abc',3) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "Spam.py", line 96, in __init__ this = _Spam.new_Spam(*args) NotImplementedError: Wrong number of arguments for overloaded function 'new_Spam'. Possible C/C++ prototypes are: Spam(unsigned char *,unsigned long,bool,unsigned int,SSTree::io_action,char const *) Spam(unsigned char *,unsigned long,bool,unsigned int,SSTree::io_action) Spam(unsigned char *,unsigned long,bool,unsigned int) Spam(unsigned char *,unsigned long,bool) Spam(unsigned char *,unsigned long) Googling around, I realized that the error is probably caused by the type of the arguments and not by the number (which is quite confusing), but I still cannot identify. I suspect the problem lies in passing a string as the first argument, but have no idea on how to fix it (keep in mind that I know almost no c/c++).

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• how free of memory happen in this case???

  - by Riyaz

  #include <stdio.h> void func(int arr[],int xNumOfElem) { int j; for(j=0; j<xNumOfElem; j++) { arr[j] = j + arr[j]; printf("%d\t",arr[j]); } printf("\n"); } int main() { int *a,k; a = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)*10); for(k = 0; k<10; k++) { a[k] = k; printf("%d\t",a[k]); } printf("\n"); func(a,10); //Func call free(a); } Inside the the function "func" who will allocate/deallocate memory for dynamic array "arr". arr is an function argument.

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• How to get Path Separator in Perl?

  - by ram

  In case of Java, we can get the path separator using System.getProperty("path.separator"); Is there a similar way in Perl? All I want to do is to find a dir, immediate sub directory. Say I am being given two argumens $a and $b; I am splitting the first one based on the path separator and joining it again except the last fragment and comparing with the second argument. The problem is my code has to be generic and for that I need to know whats the system dependent path separator is? Could you help if there is any way to get it? TIA

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• Reflection: How to get the underlying type of a by-ref type

  - by Qwertie

  I was surprised to learn that "ref" and "out" parameters are not marked by a special attribute, despite the existence of ParameterInfo.IsOut, ParameterInfo.IsIn (both of which are always false as far as I can see), ParameterAttributes.In and ParameterAttributes.Out. Instead, "ref" parameters are actually represented by a special kind of "Type" object and "out" parameters are just ref parameters with an additional attribute (what kind of attribute I don't yet know). Anyway, to make a by-ref argument you call Type.MakeByRefType(), but my question is, if you already have a by-ref type, how do you get back to the original Type? Hint: it's not UnderlyingSystemType: Type t = typeof(int); Console.WriteLine(t.MakeByRefType().UnderlyingSystemType==t); // FALSE

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• Converting a C# code to F#??

  - by Brendon

  Hello all I am just a beginner in programing i wish covert some code from C# to F#, I have encotered this code: float[] v1=new float[10]; ... //Enqueue the Execute command. Queue.Execute(kernelVecSum, null, **new long[] { v1.Length }**, null, null); I have previously ask how to convert the v1 object, I think i know how, But how do i use the function call especially the "new long[] { v1.Length }" part of the function argument, what does "new long[] { v1.Length }" mean?? I have created v1 like this "let v1 = [| for i in 1.0 .. 10.0 -> 2.0 * i |]" Is it correct?? or should i use v1 like this "let v1 = ref [| for i in 1.0 .. 10.0 -> 2.0 * i |]" ???

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• Problem in List<double[,]>

  - by Newbie

  What is wrong with this (in C# 3.0): List<double> x = new List<double> { 0.0330, -0.6463, 0.1226, -0.3304, 0.4764, -0.4159, 0.4209, -0.4070, -0.2090, -0.2718, -0.2240, -0.1275, -0.0810, 0.0349, -0.5067, 0.0094, -0.4404, -0.1212 }; List<double> y = new List<double> { 0.4807, -3.7070, -4.5582, -11.2126, -0.7733, 3.7269, 2.7672, 8.3333, 4.7023,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }; List<double[,]> z = new List<double[,]>{x,y}; // this line The error produced is: Error: Argument '1': cannot convert from 'System.Collections.Generic.List<double>' to 'double[*,*]' Help needed.

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• Go - Concurrent method

  - by nevalu

  How to get a concurrent method? In my case, the library would be called from a program to get a value to each argument str --in method Get()--. When it's used Get() then it assigns a variable from type bytes.Buffer which it will have the value to return. The returned values --when it been concurrently called-- will be stored into a database or a file and it doesn't matter that its output been of FIFO way (from method). type test struct { foo uint8 bar uint8 } func NewTest(arg1 string) (*test, os.Error) {...} func (self *test) Get(str string) ([]byte, os.Error) { var format bytes.Buffer ... } I think that all code inner of method Get() should be put inner of go func() {...}(), and then to use a channel. Would there be a problem if it's called another method from Get()? Or would it also has to be concurrent?

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• How to create an image from canvas data?

  - by Jakub Hampl

  In my application I am trying to save an arbitrary part of a rendered HTML canvas to an image file. In my Javascript I call ctx.getImageData(x, y, w, h) and pass the resulting object to my macruby code (though if you know a solution in objc I am also very interested). There I'm trying to create a NSBitmapImageRep object so that I can then save to an image format the user desires. This is my code so far (the function gets a WebScriptObject as it's argument): def setimagedata(d) w = d.valueForKey("width").to_i h = d.valueForKey("height").to_i data = Pointer.new(:char, d.valueForKey("data").valueForKey("length").to_i) d.valueForKey("data").valueForKey("length").to_i.times do |i| data[i] = d.valueForKey("data").webScriptValueAtIndex(i).to_i end puts "data complete" # get's called @exported_image = NSBitmapImageRep.alloc.initWithBitmapDataPlanes(data, pixelsWide: w, pixelsHigh:h, bitsPerSample: 32, samplesPerPixel: 4, hasAlpha: true, isPlanar: false, colorSpaceName: NSCalibratedRGBColorSpace, bitmapFormat: NSAlphaNonpremultipliedBitmapFormat, bytesPerRow: 0, bitsPerPixel: 0) puts "done" # doesn't get called end The code doesn't seem to get through the initWithBitmapDataPlanes function but gives no error. My question is: what am I doing wrong? Is this approach reasonable (if not, what would be better?).

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• Passing arguments to UILabel [ 2 ] *

  - by DesperateLearner

  I'm trying to call a method of the below (Scroll animation class) type from a viewcontroller class. -(void)CreateLabel:(CGRect )frame andLabel:(UILabel *[NUM_LABELS])label andview:(UIView *)view; I got some errors when I tried passing the argument. Any suggestion on how to call this? This is how I called that method ScrollAnimation *newAnimation = [[ScrollAnimation alloc] init]; [newAnimation CreateLabel:CGRectMake(0, 50, 300,30) andLabel:animateLabel[NUM_LABELS] andview:self.view]; I have the error /Volumes/Red Drive/CarTransition/CarTransition/ViewController.m:120:66: Implicit conversion of an Objective-C pointer to 'UILabel **' is disallowed with ARC /Volumes/Red Drive/CarTransition/CarTransition/ViewController.m:120:66: Incompatible pointer types sending 'UILabel *__strong' to parameter of type 'UILabel **'

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• problem in showing an img open from zip archive

  - by moustafa

  iam get the img date from the zip archive by getFromIndex() and the date like that (this the first line of text appearing) ‰PNG ??? IHDR???@???@???ªi know how i can makke appear iam used $im = imagecreatefromstring($data); if ($im !== false) { header('Content-Type: image/png'); imagepng($im); imagedestroy($im); } but its did not worked and used header('Content-Type: image/png'); imagepng($data); imagedestroy($im); but its did not worked and giving me Warning: imagepng(): supplied argument is not a valid Image resource

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• A $_GET input paramter that's an Array

  - by donpal

  I'm trying to pass 3 parameter to a script, where the 3rd parameter $_GET['value3'] is supposed to be an array $_GET['value1'] $_GET['value2'] $_GET['value3'] //an array of items I'm calling the script like this: (notice my syntax for value3, I'm not sure it's correct) http://localhost/test.php?value1=test1&value2=test2&value3=[the, array, values] I then use a foreach to hopefully loop through the third parameter value3 which is the array //process the first input $_GET['value1'] //process the second input $_GET['value2'] //process the third input $_GET['value3'] which is the array foreach($_GET['value3'] as $arrayitem){ echo $arrayitem; } but I get the error Invalid argument supplied for foreach() I'm not sure if my methodology is correct. Can some clarify how you'd go about doing the sort of thing

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• Problem generating GET url

  - by Bruce

  I am working on Java. I am calling a GET url on my own machine using Java. Here is the url string with the arguments. listen.executeUrl("http://localhost/post_message.php?query_string="+str); I am taking str as user input. BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.print("Enter query: "); str = br.readLine(); How do I encode str into GET argument. For eg. str -> test query url -> http://localhost/post_message.php?query_string=test%20query

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• Python - Removing duplicates from a string

  - by Daniel

  def remove_duplicates(strng): """ Returns a string which is the same as the argument except only the first occurrence of each letter is present. Upper and lower case letters are treated as different. Only duplicate letters are removed, other characters such as spaces or numbers are not changed. >>> remove_duplicates('apple') 'aple' >>> remove_duplicates('Mississippi') 'Misp' >>> remove_duplicates('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog') 'The quick brown fx jmps v t lazy dg' >>> remove_duplicates('121 balloons 2 u') '121 balons 2 u' """ s = strng.split() return strng.replace(s[0],"") Writing a function to get rid of duplicate letters but so far have been playing around for an hour and can't get anything. Help would be appreciated, thanks.

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• Fast check if an object will be successfully instantiated in PHP?

  - by Gremo

  How can I check if an object will be successfully instantiated with the given argument, without actually creating the instance? Actually I'm only checking (didn't tested this code, but should work fine...) the number of required parameters, ignoring types: // Filter definition and arguments as per configuration $filter = $container->getDefinition($serviceId); $args = $activeFilters[$filterName]; // Check number of required arguments vs arguments in config $constructor = $reflector->getConstructor(); $numRequired = $constructor->getNumberOfRequiredParameters(); $numSpecified = is_array($args) ? count($args) : 1; if($numRequired < $numSpecified) { throw new InvalidFilterDefinitionException( $serviceId, $numRequired, $numSpecified ); }

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• JavaScript eval() with `this`

  - by mojuba

  If I define a JavaScript code snippet in my HTML, like so: <div id=myElem onMyUpdate="alert('Update called for ' + this.id)">... then what is the most elegant way of evaluating it from within JavaScript with this properly assigned? What I came up with so far is something like this: if (elem.hasAttribute('onMyUpdate')) (function () { eval(elem.getAttribute('onMyUpdate')) }).call(elem); which looks terrible (to me), but works. Any better/more elegant alternatives? MDN says there used to be the second argument to eval() for doing just that but it's deprecated now; MDN then suggests to use operator with() instead, which, if you follow the link provided, turns out to be made deprecated by the latest standard. Dead end, in other words. (As a side note, StackOverflow ignores the word this in search terms and thus it may miss relevant answers - is there a way of telling it not to?) Edit: I forgot to mention: no jQuery please, just vanilla JavaScript

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• Testing for the presence of a character in an string in C

  - by Prab

  What's wrong with this? #include <stdio.h> void main(){ char *s="some text"; printf("%d",is_in(s,'t')); } int is_in(char *s, char c){ while(*s){ if(*s==c) return 1; s++; } return 0; } I get the following compile time error with GCC: test.c:9: error: conflicting types for ‘is_in’ test.c:9: note: an argument type that has a default promotion can’t match an empty parameter name list declaration test.c:5: note: previous implicit declaration of ‘is_in’ was here

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• StructureMap IoC problem getting the instance in runtime

  - by user274269

  i have 2 concrete types "CategoryFilter" & "StopWordsFilter" that implements "IWordTokensFilter". Below is my setup: ForRequestedType<IWordTokensFilter>().TheDefaultIsConcreteType<CategoryFilter>() .AddInstances(x => { x.OfConcreteType<StopWordsFilter>(); } ); The problem is the run-time when structure map auto inject it on my class, bec. i have arguments with same plugin-type: public ClassA(IWordTokensFilter stopWordsFilter, IWordTokensFilter categoryFilter) i'm always getting CategoryFilter in my first argument but it should be stopWordsFilter. How can i setup this in a right way? thanks in advance

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• How to Break out of multiple loops at once in C#?

  - by Rosarch

  What if I have nested loops, and I want to break out of all of them at once? while (true) { // ... while (shouldCont) { // ... while (shouldGo) { // ... if (timeToStop) { break; // break out of everything? } } } } In PHP, break takes an argument for the number of loops to break out of. Can something like this be done in C#? What about something hideous, like goto? // in the innermost loop goto BREAK // ... BREAK: break; break; break;

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• How can I pass Arguments to a C++ program started by the Registry?

  - by Y_Y

  Hello, I'm creating a Win32 program that will be executed every time the computer turns on. I manage to do this by adding the .exe path into the registry. The problem is; I want to make the program appear minimized in the system tray when the computer is turned on but if I double click it [after the computer turns on and the program is not currently running] the program should appear on its normal [maximized] size. Question, I was thinking on whether is was possible to pass an argument to the program when the program is executed from the registry. Is this possible? If yes/no, how would I manage to do this? (Using windows XP) Thanks.

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