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  • How to convert ext3 partition to use encrypted file system without loosing data?

    - by User1
    My embedded Linux device have 2 partitions: small root partition containing OS. big data partition which uses ext3 I want to encrypt the data partition by using encrypted file system. I don't want loose any data of the partition. Size of the root partition is too small to hold all data of the data partition. It is not possible to use any external data storage. Is there any tools that can convert filesystem of the data partition from ext3 to encrypted fs without copying all files to other place?

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  • Mac OS X Server add server user

    - by Meltemi
    What's the recommended way to add a user to Mac OS X Server that doesn't need all the hoopla associated with Workgroup Manager? There are many users pre-configured in Mac OS X Server (www, root, ldapadmin, etc.) that don't have "Full Name" or mail accounts, etc. I'd like to create a 'svn' user to be the owner of our Subversion Repository as per this tutorial: If you've decided to use either Apache or stock svnserve, create a single svn user on your system and run the server process as that user. Be sure to make the repository directory wholly owned by the svn user as well. From a security point of view, this keeps the repository data nicely siloed and protected by operating system filesystem permissions, changeable by only the Sub- version server process itself. Wondering if there's a way outside of WorkgroupManager and OpenDirectory as this account will be entirely server based. Is this still sound advice under OS X Server? If so what's the easiest way to create the user (Mac OS X Server doesn't seem to respond to useradd).

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  • How to unmount a VHD in Windows 7. There is no unmount option.

    - by Triynko
    I mounted a VHD file in Windows 7 using the Disk Manager. Once mounted, there is no option to Unmount it. The only thing close to such an option that I can find is if I click the icon in the taskbar notification area that I use to remove USB devices... there's an option to eject the virtual hard disk. However, when I click that, it says that it's in use and cannot be ejected. Even though... it's not in use, I never even browsed the drive. The disk manager is closed... and the only open files handles to the drive (according to disk performance in task manager) is SYSTEM. Ejecting devices cleanly has been a problem since Windows XP, and it sickens me to see it persist into windows 7.

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  • Possible to get SSD TRIM (discard) working on ext4 + LVM + software RAID in Linux?

    - by Don MacAskill
    We use RAID1+0 with md on Linux (currently 2.6.37) to create an md device, then use LVM to provide volume management on top of the device, and then use ext4 as our filesystem on the LVM volume groups. With SSDs as the drives, we'd like to see the TRIM commands propagate through the layers (ext4 - LVM - md - SSD) to the devices. It looks like recent 2.6.3x kernels have had a lot of new SSD-related TRIM support added, including lots more coverage of Device Mapper scenarios, but we still can't seem to get it to cascade down properly. Is this possible yet? If so, how? If not, is any progress being made?

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  • Dealing with different usernames when mounting removable media in Linux

    - by dimatura
    I have a laptop in which my username is, say, "foo". I have an external drive, formatted with Ext4, for which all files are owned by "foo" (at a filesystem level). Now, I have a desktop in which my username is, say, "bar". If I mount this external drive in this computer the files are considered to not be owned by "bar". This makes sense, but it is annoying because their bits mode are set so that only the owner can modify/delete them. What's the cleanest way to deal with this? Create a group with "foo" and "bar" and add group modification permissions?

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  • PLesk Error: pmm-ras error (Error code = -6): during restore.. /tmp folder to increase?

    - by eric
    I had to re-install plesk on a centos 6 system after a crash. The full backup file is 11 gb. but at the beginning of the backup reinstall I get the error Error: pmm-ras error (Error code = -6): argh ! my disk organization is like this Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 3.7G 801M 2.9G 22% / /dev/mapper/vg00-usr 14G 1.5G 12G 12% /usr /dev/mapper/vg00-var 155G 14G 134G 10% /var /dev/mapper/vg00-home 3.9G 136M 3.6G 4% /home none 1000M 7.5M 993M 1% /tmp I suppose I have to increase my /tmp folder to accept the backup size,but I don't know how-to. I'm on 1&1 cloud server Thanks for your help. You can imagine the emergency of this situation...

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  • Windows 8.1 unable to play Music or the Audio from videos through Optical Out

    - by Zion Fox
    I am having an issue with my audio output, where any music file, and the audio side of videos are not being played through my optical audio output. I am running a Realtek HD Audio device built on Revision 1.0 on a GA-P55A-UD6 Gigabyte Board, which runs through it's optical output to an Astro A40 Mixamp, which does some upscaling before sending it to the headset. Now, notification sounds, and sounds/videos/music played through the browser or programs like Skype or games are working fine. This seems to specifically effect Foobar2000 and Media Player Classic. I have updated these two programs to their latest revisions, in addition to the soundcard drivers to no avail, and searching the error code thrown by Foobar2000: Unrecoverable playback error: The parameter is incorrect. (0x80070057) through Google returns not very helpful results, other than the one potentially mentioning DRM. This issue I am having a very hard time resolving, and am wondering if anyone here has experienced similar issues after updating.

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  • chown: changing ownership of `.': Invalid argument

    - by Pierre
    I'm trying to install some new files on our new server while our sysadmin is in holidays: Here is my df # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb3 273G 11G 248G 5% / tmpfs 48G 260K 48G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 485M 187M 273M 41% /boot xxx.xx.xxx.xxx:/commun 63T 2.2T 61T 4% /commun as root , I can create a new directory and run chown under /home/lindenb # cd /home/lindenb/ # mkdir X # chown lindenb X but I cannot run the same command under /commun # cd /commun/data/users/lindenb/ # mkdir X # chown lindenb X chown: changing ownership of `X': Invalid argument why ? how can I fix this ? updated: mount: /dev/sdb3 on / type ext4 (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw) /dev/sdb1 on /boot type ext4 (rw) none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw) sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) xxx.xx.xxx.xxx:/commun on /commun type nfs (rw,noatime,noac,hard,intr,vers=4,addr=xxx.xx.xxx.xxx,clientaddr=xxx.xx.xxx.xxx) version: $ cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.3 (Final)

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  • Getting FC11 to run under VMware Server, converted from physical machine

    - by Kristian
    I have a FC11 installation that I have converted to a VMware disk image to run om my VMware Server. I converted it with qemu-img, as the VMware Converter software apparently only converts Linux hosts to VMware Infrastructure servers. The disk image boots fine (grub is loaded and boots the kernel) but it seems like the disk is not found by the kernel, and the boot process stalls. Hotplugging USB devices work (the kernel prints debug information) and I'm able to press keys (Ctrl-Alt-Delete for instance). The VMware guest OS is set to RedHat Enterprise Linux 5 (32 bit), and I have tried both the LSI Logic, LSI Logic SAS and VMware Accelerated SCSI SCSI controllers, to no avail. I'm able to boot an installer disk and get into rescue mode and mount the filesystem, so my question is, what do I need to do to the guest kernel / initrd image to make it recognize the virtual disk?

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  • OpenAFS on Fedora/CentOS

    - by Michael Pliskin
    I am trying to see if OpenAFS fits my needs as a distributed filesystem and is a bit stuck. There are docs but they're all quite hard to understand, so asking for some expert advice here. My questions: which version to install? I need windows client support so I need 1.5 - right? But it is not stable.. Or is it? And don't see any pre-built rpms for it, so compiling from sources? tried to compile and it worked but it created a non-"mp" kernel module while my kernel needs an mp one - how to workaround that? do I really need a new fresh partition to start with or I can re-use an existing one and just make it available via afp? any nice HOWTOs around?

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  • secure synchronization of large amount of data

    - by goncalopp
    I need to automatically mirror a large amount (terabytes) of files in two unix machines over a slow link (1 Mbps). This needs to be done frequently, but the data doesn't change too much (delta transmission doesn't saturate the link). The usual solution would be rsync, but there's an additional requirement: it's undesirable, from a security standpoint, that either the source or destination machines have (keyless) ssh keys to each other, or any kind of filesystem access. All communication between the two machines should thus be initialized (and mediated) through a third machine. I've asked a separate question about rsync in particular here. Are there other obvious solutions I'm missing?

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  • How can I get rid of / hide :2eDS_Store files on my linux netatalk server?

    - by Douglas Mayle
    I'm running a netatalk server process on my linux server that serves files up to Mac client machines. Whenever you use Mac's Finder to access foreign filesystems over netatalk, it creates '.DS_Store' files to store information about the folder. Normally, these files would be hidden by default, and I wouldn't care. Unfortunately, netatalk doesn't allow access to local hidden files, so when the Mac writes and reads these, it renames them :2eDS_Store on the local filesystem. When you have a deep tree, you end up with these littered all over the place, and other Windows and Linux clients have to deal with them. How do I make these available to Mac clients and hidden from everyone else?

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  • Bash Script to Back Up Backs Up Itself

    - by Jay LaCroix
    I have the following bash script that creates a tar.gz of my filesystem on a Kubuntu PC. The problem is, that it also tries to backup the tar.gz backup file, even though I am storing the backup in /tmp and omitting /tmp from the backup. I am wondering why it's backing up the file in /tmp even though I told it not to. #!/bin/bash # init DATE=$(date +20%y%m%d) sudo tar -cvpzf /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz \ --exclude=/proc \ --exclude=/lost+found \ --exclude=/sys \ --exclude=/mnt \ --exclude=/media \ --exclude=/dev \ --exclude=/tmp \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Desktop \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Documents \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Music \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Pictures \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Projects \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Roms \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Videos \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/.VirtualBox\ VMs \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/.SpiderOak \ / scp /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz jlacroix@Pluto:/share/Recovery/Snapshots sudo rm /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz

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  • Plesk file permissions - Apache/PHP conflicting with user accounts.

    - by hfidgen
    Hiya, I'm building a Drupal site which performs various automatic disk operations using the apache user (id=40). The problem is that the site was set up on a subdomain belonging to user ID 10001 (ie my main FTP account) so the filesystem belongs to that user ID. So I keep getting errors like this: warning: move_uploaded_file() [function.move-uploaded-file]: SAFE MODE Restriction in effect. The script whose uid is 10001 is not allowed to access /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/httpdocs/sites/default/files/images/user owned by uid 48 in /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/httpdocs/includes/file.inc on line 579. I've tried changing the apache group in httpd.conf to apache:psacln, psacln being the default group for all web users but that's not helped. The situation now is: ..../files/images/ = 777 and chown = ftplogin:psacln ..../files/images/user = 775 and chown = apache:psacln ..../files/tmp = 777 and chown = ftplogin:psacln So apparently uid 40 and 10001 both have permissions to write to any of the 3 directories involved, but still can't. Am i missing something here? Can anyone help? Thanks!

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  • Compiling the Linux kernel, how much size is needed?

    - by ant2009
    I have downloaded the newest most stable Linux kernel, 2.6.33.2. I thought I would test this using VirtualBox. So I create a dynamically sized harddisk of 4 GB. And installed CentOS 5.3 with just the minimum packages. I setup the make menuconfig with just the default settings. After that I ran make and got the following error: net/bluetooth/hci_sysfs.o: final close failed: No space left on device make[2]: *** [net/bluetooth/hci_sysfs.o] Error 1 make[1]: *** [net/bluetooth] Error 2 make: *** [net] Error 2 The amount of space I have left is: # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 3.3G 3.3G 0 100% / /dev/hda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot tmpfs 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm My virtual size is 4 GB, but the actual size is 3.5 GB. $ ls -hl total 7.5G -rw-------. 1 root root 3.5G 2010-04-13 14:08 LFS.vdi How much size should I give when compiling and installing a Linux kernel? Are there any guidelines to follow when doing this? This is my first time, so just experimenting with this.

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  • Unable to mount portable hard drive on Ubuntu

    - by VoY
    My portable hard drive (WD My Passport), which used to work correctly now does not automount on my Ubuntu system. It does work on a Windows machine or even when plugged into WD HD TV, which is a Linux based device. There's one NTFS partition spanning the whole drive. When I plug the disk in, I see the following in dmesg: [269259.504631] usb 1-2.2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 20 [269259.604674] usb 1-2.2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice However it does not mount in GNOME and I don't see it when I type: sudo fdisk -l Any suggestions why this might be? I repaired the partition using chkdsk on Windows, so the issue is probably not filesystem related.

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  • Downtime scheduling - can it be automated?

    - by Nnn
    When servers need to have scheduled downtime at my workplace we follow a process roughly like the following: Propose time for work to take place on specific box/s Lookup list of stakeholders for specific box/s Seek approval from stakeholders (service owners/management etc) via email Incorporate changes to proposed time if necessary, repeat step 2 until.. Now everyone is happy with the time, send out a notification via email of the time, ask Staff who care about when the box is going down manually add it to their calendars some stakeholders the staff doing the work Do the actual work Is there an OSS project that we could use to automate this process? My googling has been fruitless so far. Will we need to build something ourselves? Would anyone else be interested in something like this?

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  • How do I get nginx to issue 301 requests to HTTPS location, when SSL handled by a load-balancer?

    - by growse
    I've noticed that there's functionality enabled in nginx by default, whereby a url request without a trailing slash for a directory which exists in the filesystem automatically has a slash added through a 301 redirect. E.g. if the directory css exists within my root, then requesting http://example.com/css will result in a 301 to http://example.com/css/. However, I have another site where the SSL is offloaded by a load-balancer. In this case, when I request https://example.com/css, nginx issues a 301 redirect to http://example.com/css/, despite the fact that the HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO header is set to https by the load balancer. Is this an nginx bug? Or a config setting I've missed somewhere?

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  • Ubuntu 12 Server messing up my hard disk

    - by Jeroen Jacobs
    I'm installing Ubuntu server on a disk with 12GB available. During the setup, I choose the default LVM-based partition layout. However for some reason, Ubuntu decides that it only wants to use 4GB of this disk. How do I reclaim the remaining space of the hard disk? "lvextent" doesn't work btw... output of df -h: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root 4.3G 3.4G 754M 82% / udev 3.9G 4.0K 3.9G 1% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 756K 1.6G 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /run/shm /dev/sda1 228M 25M 192M 12% /boot output of pvdisplay: --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda5 VG Name ubuntu PV Size 12.32 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 3154 Free PE 8 Allocated PE 3146 PV UUID dD06RZ-kGcL-1tTX-Ruds-XIDG-ssMd-FIUkzZ my partitions: Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 26343423 12920833 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 26343423 12920832 8e Linux LVM when I try lvextent, it says there is not enough diskspace.

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  • How do I mount a HFS+ dd image in OSX?

    - by Paul McMillan
    I had an HFS+ formatted drive that was going bad and wouldn't mount at all on OSX. I created an image using ddrescue on linux, and was able to save most of it. I can mount the drive and see the data just fine in linux using this: mount -o loop -t hfsplus dd_image /Volumes/mountpoint This doesn't work on my OSX system since hfsplus isn't a valid filesystem type. If I try: mount -t hfs image mountpoint It complains that it needs a block device. What's the fix here?

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  • Force Colloquy not to use built-in Growl notifications

    - by thepurplepixel
    Whenever Colloquy needs to pop up a notification (for example, when you are PM'd), it uses its built-in Growl notifications, which really annoy me because they stay on the screen until they are clicked (at least NOTICE's do anyways). I'd like to make Colloquy use the Growl that I have installed on my Mac, not its built-in Growl notifications. That way, I could change its preferences from the Growl .prefpane and it would match the look of all my other notifications. I seem to remember this being possible (maybe in a bug report or something), but I can't remember how. Thanks!

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  • Apache whitelist a single location, but require basic auth for everything else

    - by Chris Lawlor
    I'm sure this is simple, but Google is not my friend this morning. The goal is: /public... is openly accessible everything else (including /) requires basic auth. This is a WSGI app, with a single WSGI script (it's a django site, if that matters..) I have this: <Location /public> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Location> <Directory /> AuthType Basic AuthName "My Test Server" AuthUserFile /path/to/.htpasswd Require valid-user </Directory> With this configuration, basic auth works fine, but the Location directive is totally ignored. I'm not surprised, as according to this (see How the Sections are Merged), the Directory directive is processed first. I'm sure I'm missing something, but since Directory applies to a filesystem location, and I really only have the one Directory at /, and it's a Location that I wish to allow access to, but Directory always overrides Location... EDIT I'm using Apache 2.2, which doesn't support AuthType None.

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  • df -h showing wrong output in GB

    - by Anurag Uniyal
    If I list df output for KB, MB and GB, they do not match e.g. $ df -k |grep xvdb /dev/xvdb1 12796048 732812 11413172 7% /xxx $ df -m |grep xvdb /dev/xvdb1 12497 716 11146 7% /xxx $ df -h |grep xvdb /dev/xvdb1 13G 716M 11G 7% /xxx 12796048 KB = 12496.14 MB so that is slight off but OK 12796048 KB = 12.2 GB, 12407 MB is also 12.2 GB so why df is showing 13 GB or am I missing something? Here is full df listing $ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 7.5G 1.7G 5.5G 24% / none 5.8G 128K 5.8G 1% /dev none 5.8G 0 5.8G 0% /dev/shm none 5.8G 44K 5.8G 1% /var/run none 5.8G 0 5.8G 0% /var/lock none 5.8G 0 5.8G 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/xvdb1 13G 716M 11G 6% /xxx Coreutils version seems to 7.4 as info coreutils shows This manual documents version 7.4 of the GNU core utilities,

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  • How do I know if my SSD Drive supports TRIM?

    - by Omar Shahine
    Windows 7 has support for the TRIM command which should help ensure that the performance of an SSD drive remains good through it's life. How can you tell if a given SSD drive supports TRIM? See here for a description of TRIM. Also the following from a Microsoft presentation: Microsoft implementation of “Trim” feature is supported in Windows 7 NTFS will send down delete notification to the device supporting “trim” File system operations: Format, Delete, Truncate, Compression OS internal processes: e.g., Snapshot, Volume Manager Three optimization opportunities for the device Enhancing device wear leveling by eliminating merge operation for all deleted data blocks Making early garbage collection possible for fast write Keeping device’s unused storage area as much as possible; more room for device wear leveling.

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  • Can't the NetworkManager applet to appear in the Gnome panel in Ubuntu

    - by Nate
    I have researched this problem extensively and I can't seem to find an answer. In Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, I want to connect to my VPN through the NetworkManager applet. I installed all the network manager packages, including the gnome client. I understand I need to add the "Notification Area" to the panel, which I have done. I checked that the NetworkManager is running: nate@nate-desktop:~$ service network-manager status network-manager start/running, process 763 In /etc/NetworkManager/nm-system-settings.conf, I have added managed=true (don't know if this matters, but I saw it suggested on one forum): nate@nate-desktop:~$ more /etc/NetworkManager/nm-system-settings.conf # This file is installed into /etc/NetworkManager, and is loaded by # NetworkManager by default. To override, specify: '--config file' # during NM startup. This can be done by appending to DAEMON_OPTS in # the file: # # /etc/default/NetworkManager # [main] plugins=ifupdown,keyfile [ifupdown] #managed=false managed=true At this point, it looks like NetworkManager is running but it's not appearing in the NotificationArea of the panel. I don't know what else to try. Any ideas?

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