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  • Why are perfectly legitamate pages on my website registering in google Webmasters as 404?

    - by christian
    I have seen this question asked several times here, but never clearly answered. I suspect it has something to do with my .htaccess file: # BEGIN WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php [L] </IfModule> # END WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^moreinfo/(.*)$ http://www.kgstiles.com/moreinfo$1 [R=301] RewriteRule ^healthsolutions/(.*)$ http://www.kgstiles.com/healthsolutions$1 [R=301] RewriteRule ^(.*)\.html$ $1/ [R=301] RewriteRule ^(.*)\.htm$ $1/ [R=301] </IfModule> when I check the url without a forward slash at the end, it registers as 404 (even though it renders fine in a browser), but when I write it without the forward slash at the end, it renders 200 OK, but if I try to take off the forward slash with the htaccess file, the browser gives me a 310 error (too many redirects) you can see the 404 and 310 with this url: http://www.kgstiles.com/pureplantessentials.html which redirects to http://www.kgstiles.com/pureplantessentials/ (which is a 404), so what is a solution and why might this be registering as a 404? Any Help is appreciated! (I'm using wordpress btw)

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  • PhP/HTML play button [migrated]

    - by Marian
    I'm wanting to make my own small webpage, I've got a domain Saoo.eu As you see there is a small play button in the corner witch plays a playlist. Is there anyway to have that playbutton on each page I'd add in the future without resetting every time the page changes? Am I forced to use iFrames for that? This is my player code <button id="audioControl" style="width:30px;height:25px;"></button> <audio id="aud" src="" autoplay autobuffer /> Script: $(document).ready(function() { $('#audioControl').html('II'); if(Modernizr.audio && Modernizr.audio.mp3) { audio.setAttribute("src",'http://daokun.webs.com/play0.mp3'); } else if(Modernizr.audio && Modernizr.audio.wav) { audio.setAttribute("src", 'http://daokun.webs.com/play0.ogg'); } }); var audio = document.getElementById('aud'), count = 0; $('#audioControl').toggle( function () { audio.pause(); $('#audioControl').html('>'); }, function () { audio.play(); $('#audioControl').html('II'); } ); audio.addEventListener("ended", function() { count++; if(count == 4){count = 0;} if(Modernizr.audio && Modernizr.audio.mp3) { audio.setAttribute("src",'http://daokun.webs.com/play'+count+'.mp3'); } else if(Modernizr.audio && Modernizr.audio.wav) { audio.setAttribute("src", 'http://daokun.webs.com/play'+count+'.ogg'); } audio.load(); });

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  • How to become a professional web developer from a C/C++ programmer?

    - by user1050165
    I am new here. This is my first post on stackoverflow. I am currently a high school student and know how to use Pascal and C/C++ to take part in competitions such as the Informatics in Olympiad. I have learnt data structure and many algorithms to solve various kinds of problems. Now, I want to move on to become a web developer. However, I know web development is quite different from competitive programming. To make a web application, I have to master HTML, Database, Backend programming etc. But these are all look like separate pieces of information. I don't know where to start and what order should I follow. Anybody who can give a comprehensive list of learning points? I know there are HTML, Ruby on Rails, CSS and Javascript. What else? More importantly, can someone give a brief outline of their relationship? I hope I can get help from you asap. Thanks!

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  • Idea of an algorithm to detect a website's navigation structure?

    - by Uwe Keim
    Currently I am in the process of developing an importer of any existing, arbitrary (static) HTML website into the upcoming release of our CMS. While the downloading the files is solved successfully, I'm pulling my hair off when it comes to detect a site structure (pages and subpages) purely from the HTML files, without the user specifying additional hints. Basically I want to get a tree like: + Root page 1 + Child page 1 + Child page 2 + Child child page1 + Child page 3 + Root page 2 + Child page 4 + Root page 3 + ... I.e. I want to be able to detect the menu structure from the links inside the pages. This has not to be 100% accurate, but at least I want to achieve more than just a flat list. I thought of looking at multiple pages to see similar areas and identify these as menu areas and parse the links there, but after all I'm not that satisfied with this idea. My question: Can you imagine any algorithm when it comes to detecting such a structure? Update 1: What I'm looking for is not a web spider, but an algorithm do create a logical tree of the relationship of the pages to be able to create pages and subpages inside my CMS when importing them. Update 2: As of Robert's suggestion I'll solve this by starting at the root page, and then simply parse links as you go and treat every link inside a page simply as a child page. Probably I'll recurse not in a deep-first manner but rather in a breadth-first manner to get a more balanced navigation structure.

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  • Center Page Content Horizontally using Div with CSS

    - by Aamir Hasan
    Center your website content to create equal sized Space from  the left and right using css. Horizontally centered by setting its right and left margin widths to "auto". This is the preferred way to accomplish horizontal centering with CSS. Create a warpper div which will hold your content div and then give it a margin:auto attribute which will bring your warpper div into center of page.<html><head><title>Center Page Content Horizontally and Vertically using Div with CSS </title> <style type="text/css">body{background-color:#eaeaea;}  #wrapper {width: 777px;margin:auto}  #content{background-color:#00FF00;min-height:400px;}  </style>  </head>  <body>  <form id="form1" runat="server">  <div id="wrapper"> <div id="wrapper">  <div id="content">  Welcome to Studentacad.com  </div>  </div>  </form>  </body></html>

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  • CSS help positioning divs inline

    - by JaPerk14
    I need help with a recurring problem that happens a lot. I want to create a header that consists of 3 sections which are positioned inline. I display them inline using the following css code: display: inline & float: leftThe problem is that when I resize my browser window the last div is pushed down and isn't displayed inline. I know it sounds like I'm being picky, but I don't want the design to distort as the visitor change's the monitor screen. I have provided the html and css code below that I am working with below. Hopefully I have explained this well enough. Thanks in advance. HTML <div class="masthead-wrapper"> &nbsp; </div> <div class="searchbar-wrapper"> &nbsp; </div> <div class="profile-menu-wrapper"> &nbsp; </div> CSS #Header { display: block; width: 100%; height: 80px; background: #C0C0C0; } .masthead-wrapper { display: inline; float: left; width: 200px; height: 80px; background: #3b5998; } .searchbar-wrapper { display: inline; float: left; width: 560px; height: 80px; background: #FF0000; } .profile-menu-wrapper { display: inline; float: left; width: 200px; height: 80px; background: #00FF00; }

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  • Xpath automatization software

    - by holms
    Too sad this topic was closed. But I'm kind of a having the same question. I want to construct xpathes, for common html block which appears on page. For example: you can give two URLs to that software, which will contain SAME html blocks (divs) , but having different content in it. by giving 2 stackoverflow.com url's, software could detect that same div#id is being used once again, and just give XPATH'es of those html blocks like for example. Of course I can find xpath'es my self, as far as I remember, firebug makes it easy,shows xpath of every html block, but this is kind of hard procedure if you want to get xpath'es for LOTS of html elements. so that's why I want this kind of software to help in this routine.

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  • Force Blank TextBox with ASP.Net MVC Html.TextBox

    - by Doug Lampe
    I recently ran into a problem with the following scenario: I have data with a parent/child data with a one-to-many relationship from the parent to the child. I want to be able to update parent and existing child data AND add a new child record all in a single post. I don't want to create a model just to store the new values. One of the things I LOVE about MVC is how flexible it is in dealing with posted data.  If you have data that isn't in your model, you can simply use the non-strongly-typed HTML helper extensions and pass the data into your actions as parameters or use the FormCollection.  I thought this would give me the solution I was looking for.  I simply used Html.TextBox("NewChildKey") and Html.TextBox("NewChildValue") and added parameters to my action to take the new values.  So here is what my action looked like: [HttpPost] public ActionResult EditParent(int? id, string newChildKey, string newChildValue, FormCollection forms) {     Model model = ModelDataHelper.GetModel(id ?? 0);     if (model != null)     {         if (TryUpdateModel(model))         {             if (ModelState.IsValid)             {                 model = ModelDataHelper.UpdateModel(model);             }             string[] keys = forms.GetValues("ChildKey");             string[] values = forms.GetValues("ChildValue");             ModelDataHelper.UpdateChildData(id ?? 0, keys, values);             ModelDataHelper.AddChildData(id ?? 0, newChildKey, newChildValue);             model = ModelDataHelper.GetModel(id ?? 0);         }        return View(report);     }    return new EmptyResult(); } The only problem with this is that MVC is TOO smart.  Even though I am not using a model to store the new child values, MVC still passes the values back to the text boxes via the model state.  The fix for this is simple but not necessarily obvious, simply remove the data from the model state before returning the view: ModelState.Remove("NewChildKey"); ModelState.Remove("NewChildValue"); Two lines of code to save a lot of headaches.

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  • HTML Tidy in NetBeans IDE

    - by Geertjan
    First step in integrating HTML Tidy (via its JTidy implementation) into NetBeans IDE: The reason why I started doing this is because I want to integrate this into the pluggable analyzer functionality of NetBeans IDE that I recently blogged about, i.e., where the FindBugs functionality is found. So a logical first step is to get it working in an Action class, after which I can port it into the analyzer infrastructure: import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.io.StringWriter; import org.openide.awt.ActionID; import org.openide.awt.ActionReference; import org.openide.awt.ActionReferences; import org.openide.awt.ActionRegistration; import org.openide.cookies.EditorCookie; import org.openide.cookies.LineCookie; import org.openide.loaders.DataObject; import org.openide.text.Line; import org.openide.text.Line.ShowOpenType; import org.openide.util.Exceptions; import org.openide.util.NbBundle.Messages; import org.openide.windows.IOProvider; import org.openide.windows.InputOutput; import org.openide.windows.OutputEvent; import org.openide.windows.OutputListener; import org.openide.windows.OutputWriter; import org.w3c.tidy.Tidy; @ActionID(     category = "Tools", id = "org.jtidy.TidyAction") @ActionRegistration(     displayName = "#CTL_TidyAction") @ActionReferences({     @ActionReference(path = "Loaders/text/html/Actions", position = 150),     @ActionReference(path = "Editors/text/html/Popup", position = 750) }) @Messages("CTL_TidyAction=Run HTML Tidy") public final class TidyAction implements ActionListener {     private final DataObject context;     private final OutputWriter writer;     private EditorCookie ec = null;     public TidyAction(DataObject context) {         this.context = context;         ec = context.getLookup().lookup(org.openide.cookies.EditorCookie.class);         InputOutput io = IOProvider.getDefault().getIO("HTML Tidy", false);         io.select();         writer = io.getOut();     }     @Override     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ev) {         Tidy tidy = new Tidy();         try {             writer.reset();             StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();             PrintWriter errorWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);             tidy.setErrout(errorWriter);             tidy.parse(context.getPrimaryFile().getInputStream(), System.out);             String[] split = stringWriter.toString().split("\n");             for (final String string : split) {                 final int end = string.indexOf(" c");                 if (string.startsWith("line")) {                     writer.println(string, new OutputListener() {                         @Override                         public void outputLineAction(OutputEvent oe) {                             LineCookie lc = context.getLookup().lookup(LineCookie.class);                             int lineNumber = Integer.parseInt(string.substring(0, end).replace("line ", ""));                             Line line = lc.getLineSet().getOriginal(lineNumber - 1);                             line.show(ShowOpenType.OPEN, Line.ShowVisibilityType.FOCUS);                         }                         @Override                         public void outputLineSelected(OutputEvent oe) {}                         @Override                         public void outputLineCleared(OutputEvent oe) {}                     });                 }             }         } catch (IOException ex) {             Exceptions.printStackTrace(ex);         }     } } The string parsing above is ugly but gets the job done for now. A problem integrating this into the pluggable analyzer functionality is the limitation of its scope. The analyzer lets you select one or more projects, or individual files, but not a folder. So it doesn't work on folders in the Favorites window, for example, which is where I'd like to apply HTML Tidy, across multiple folders via the analyzer functionality. That's a bit of a bummer that I'm hoping to get around somehow.

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  • Using .htaccess, can you hide the true URL?

    - by Richard Muthwill
    So I have a web hotel with 1 main website http://www.myrootsite.com/ and a few websites in subdirectories, in a folder called projects. I have domain names pointing to the subdirectories, but when holding the mouse over a link in those websites the URLs are shown as: http://www.myrootsite.com/projects/mysubsite/contact.html When I'm on mysubsite.com I want them to be shown as: http://www.mysubsite.com/contact.html I spoke to support for the web hotel and the guy said try using .htaccess, but I'm not sure exactly how to do this. Thank you very much for your time! Edit: For more information My website is: http://www.example1.com/ and I also own http://www.example2.com/. All of example2.com's files are in: example1.com/projects/example2/. When you visit example2.com, you'll notice all of the URL's point towards: example1.com/projects/example2/ but I want them to point towards: example2.com/ Can this be done? I hope this is enough info for you to go on :). Edit: For w3d I go to the url mysubsite.com and the browser shows the url mysubsite.com. The services I'm using create an iframe around myrootsite.com and use the url mysubsite.com I just hate that in Firefox and Internet Explorer, holding the mouse over link show that the destination url is: myrootsite.com/projects/mysubsite/...

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  • HTML Tidy in NetBeans IDE (Part 2)

    - by Geertjan
    This is what I was aiming for in the previous blog entry: What you can see above (especially if you click to enlarge it) is that I have HTML Tidy integrated into the NetBeans analyzer functionality, which is pluggable from 7.2 onwards. Well, if you set an implementation dependency on "Static Analysis Core", since it's not an official API yet. Also, the scopes of the analyzer functionality are not pluggable. That means you can 'only' set the analyzer's scope to one or more projects, one or more packages, or one or more files. Not one or more folders, which means you can't have a bunch off HTML files in a folder that you access via the Favorites window and then run the analyzer on that folder (or on multiple folders). Thus, to try out my new code, I had to put some HTML files into a package inside a Java application. Then I chose that package as the scope of the analyzer. Then I ran all the analyzers (i.e., standard NetBeans Java hints, FindBugs, as well as my HTML Tidy extension) on that package. The screenshot above is the result. Here's all the code for the above, which is a port of the Action code from the previous blog entry into a new Analyzer implementation: import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; import javax.swing.JComponent; import javax.swing.text.Document; import org.netbeans.api.fileinfo.NonRecursiveFolder; import org.netbeans.modules.analysis.spi.Analyzer; import org.netbeans.modules.analysis.spi.Analyzer.AnalyzerFactory; import org.netbeans.modules.analysis.spi.Analyzer.Context; import org.netbeans.modules.analysis.spi.Analyzer.CustomizerProvider; import org.netbeans.modules.analysis.spi.Analyzer.WarningDescription; import org.netbeans.spi.editor.hints.ErrorDescription; import org.netbeans.spi.editor.hints.ErrorDescriptionFactory; import org.netbeans.spi.editor.hints.Severity; import org.openide.cookies.EditorCookie; import org.openide.filesystems.FileObject; import org.openide.loaders.DataObject; import org.openide.util.Exceptions; import org.openide.util.lookup.ServiceProvider; import org.w3c.tidy.Tidy; public class TidyAnalyzer implements Analyzer {     private final Context ctx;     private TidyAnalyzer(Context cntxt) {         this.ctx = cntxt;     }     @Override     public Iterable<? extends ErrorDescription> analyze() {         List<ErrorDescription> result = new ArrayList<ErrorDescription>();         for (NonRecursiveFolder sr : ctx.getScope().getFolders()) {             FileObject folder = sr.getFolder();             for (FileObject fo : folder.getChildren()) {                 for (ErrorDescription ed : doRunHTMLTidy(fo)) {                     if (fo.getMIMEType().equals("text/html")) {                         result.add(ed);                     }                 }             }         }         return result;     }     private List<ErrorDescription> doRunHTMLTidy(FileObject sr) {         final List<ErrorDescription> result = new ArrayList<ErrorDescription>();         Tidy tidy = new Tidy();         StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();         PrintWriter errorWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);         tidy.setErrout(errorWriter);         try {             Document doc = DataObject.find(sr).getLookup().lookup(EditorCookie.class).openDocument();             tidy.parse(sr.getInputStream(), System.out);             String[] split = stringWriter.toString().split("\n");             for (String string : split) {                 //Bit of ugly string parsing coming up:                 if (string.startsWith("line")) {                     final int end = string.indexOf(" c");                     int lineNumber = Integer.parseInt(string.substring(0, end).replace("line ", ""));                     string = string.substring(string.indexOf(": ")).replace(":", "");                     result.add(ErrorDescriptionFactory.createErrorDescription(                             Severity.WARNING,                             string,                             doc,                             lineNumber));                 }             }         } catch (IOException ex) {             Exceptions.printStackTrace(ex);         }         return result;     }     @Override     public boolean cancel() {         return true;     }     @ServiceProvider(service = AnalyzerFactory.class)     public static final class MyAnalyzerFactory extends AnalyzerFactory {         public MyAnalyzerFactory() {             super("htmltidy", "HTML Tidy", "org/jtidy/format_misc.gif");         }         public Iterable<? extends WarningDescription> getWarnings() {             return Collections.EMPTY_LIST;         }         @Override         public <D, C extends JComponent> CustomizerProvider<D, C> getCustomizerProvider() {             return null;         }         @Override         public Analyzer createAnalyzer(Context cntxt) {             return new TidyAnalyzer(cntxt);         }     } } The above only works on packages, not on projects and not on individual files.

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  • Finding back to an old project that was turned upside-down by the developer. Your workflow?

    - by Kreativrandale
    after some time I'm asked to work on a heavy web-project I did (layout, html/css) about a year ago. There are some changes that have to be made, basically some css and js stuff. By now the whole project was turned upside down by the developer. It gives me a hard time to connect to the work of him, especially because my old files and file-structure won't work anymore. Thats why I need a up-to-date working-environment, but I don't want to change the files on the server directly. Need some testing and improving while doing this. So, what is your workflow in such a case? Thought about copying the whole/parts of the server to a own homeserver. But even that will be a big task for me (I'm more the front-end-guy). Would be great if theres a way to shrink it down (php, mysql,...), since I only need to change some css/html javascript. Are there any tools available? Love to hear how you handle such situations. Thanks a lot!

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  • jquery is not working over local network [migrated]

    - by Kortyell Davis
    i have a fedora server running apache web server. the server is connected to a home network. i have a laptop connected to the same network. i can enter the ip address of my server into the browser of my laptop and pull up the index.html file located in the document root directory of the fedora home server. the index.html file contains jquery code. the jquery code only works when i open it locally in my browser (e.g. right click open with firefox), but when i attempt to view the webpage from my laptop the jquery code is not executed. the code is here below. <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.8.2.js"></script> ' $(document).ready(function() { $('#form').hide(); $('input[type=text]').focus(function() { $(this).val(''); }); $('input[type=password]').focus(function() { $(this).val(''); }); $('.form').hide(); $('#log').click(function(){ $('#form').toggle(); }); $('#reg').click(function(){ $('.form').toggle(); }); });

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  • Modifying a HTML page to fix several "bugs" add a function to next/previous on a option dropdown

    - by Dennis Sylvian
    SOF, I've got a few problems plaguing me at the moment and am wondering if anyone could assist me with them. I'm trying to get Next Class | Previous Class to act as buttons so that when Next Class is clicked it will go to the next item in the dropdown list and for previous it would go to back one. There used to be a scroll bar that allowed me to scroll the main window left and right, it's missing because (I think it was to do with the scroll left and scroll right function) The footer at the bottom doesn't show correctly on mobile devices; for some reason it appears completely differently to as it does on a computer. The "bar" practically and the Scroll Left and Scroll buttons don't appear at all on mobile devices. The scroll left button is unable to be clicked for some reason, I'm unsure what I've done wrong. Refreshing the page resets the horizontal scroll position to far left (I'm pretty sure this relates to the scroll bar) I want to also find a way so that on mobile devices the the header will not show the placeholder image, however I can't work out what CSS media tag(s) I should be using. Latest: http://jsfiddle.net/pwv7u/ Smaller HTML <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA DATA</title> <style type="text/css"> <!-- @import url("nstyle.css"); --> </style> <script src="jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready( function() { for (var i=0;i<($("table").children().length);i++){ if(readCookie(i)) $($($("table").children()[i]).children()[(readCookie(i))]).toggleClass('selected').siblings().removeClass('selected'); } $("tr").click(function(){ $(this).toggleClass('selected').siblings().removeClass('selected'); if(readCookie($(this).parent().index())){ if(readCookie($(this).parent().index())==$(this).index()) eraseCookie($(this).parent().index()); else{ eraseCookie($(this).parent().index()); createCookie($(this).parent().index(),$(this).index(),1); } } else createCookie($(this).parent().index(),$(this).index(),1); }); // gather CLASS info var selector = $('.class-selector').on('change', function(){ var id = this.value; if (id!==''){ scrollToAnchor(id); } }); $('a[id^="CLASS"]').each(function(){ var id = this.id, option = $('<option>',{ value: this.id, text:this.id }); selector.append(option); }); function scrollToAnchor(aid) { var aTag = $("a[id='" + aid + "']"); $('html,body').animate({ scrollTop: aTag.offset().top - 80 }, 1); } $("a.TOPJS").click(function () { scrollToAnchor('TOP'); }); $("a.KEYJS").click(function () { scrollToAnchor('KEY'); }); $("a.def").click(function () { $('#container').animate({ "scrollLeft": "-=204" }, 200); }); $("a.abc").click(function () { $("#container").animate({ "scrollLeft": "+=204" }, 200); }); function createCookie(name,value,days) { var expires; if (days) { var date = new Date(); date.setMilliseconds(0); date.setSeconds(0); date.setMinutes(0); date.setHours(0); date.setDate(date.getDate()+days); expires = "; expires="+date.toGMTString(); } else expires = ""; document.cookie = name+"="+value+expires+"; path=/"; } function readCookie(name) { var nameEQ = name + "="; var ca = document.cookie.split(';'); for(var i=0;i < ca.length;i++) { var c = ca[i]; while (c.charAt(0)==' ') c = c.substring(1,c.length); if (c.indexOf(nameEQ) === 0) return c.substring(nameEQ.length,c.length); } return null; } function eraseCookie(name) { createCookie(name,"",-1); } }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="header_container"> <div id="header"> <a href="http://site.x/" target="_blank"><img src="http://placehold.it/300x80"></a> <select class="class-selector"> <option value="">-select class-</option> </select> <div class="classcycler"> <a href="#TOP"><font color=#EFEFEF>Next Class</font></a> <font color=red>|</font> <a href="#TOP"><font color=#EFEFEF>Previous Class</font></a> </div> <div id="header1"> Semi-Transparent Image <a href="#TOP"><font color=#EFEFEF>Up to Top</font></a> | <a href="#KEY"><font color=#EFEFEF>Down to Key</font></a> </div> </div> </div> <a id="TOP"></a> <div id="container"> <table id="gradient-style"> <tbody> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col"><a id="CLASS1"></a>Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class<br>Test 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class Data 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1<br>Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1<br>Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1</th> <th scope="col">Class 1 Class 1</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> (data text)</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">text</th> <th scope="col">text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> </tr> </thead> <tr class="ft3"><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>class b</td><td>test4</td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td><div align="left"> </div></td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><tr> <tr class="f3"><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>class a</td><td>test2</td><td><div align="left"> </div></td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><tr> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col"><a id="CLASS2"></a>Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class<br>Test 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class Data 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2<br>Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2<br>Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2</th> <th scope="col">Class 2 Class 2</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> data text</th> <th scope="col">title text<br> (data text)</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">text</th> <th scope="col">text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> <th scope="col">title text</th> </tr> </thead> <tr class="ft3"><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>class f</td><td>test2</td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><tr> <tr><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>class f</td><td>test4</td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><tr> <tr class="f3"><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>class d</td><td>test5</td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td><div align="left"> </div></td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><tr> <tr><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>class f</td><td>test5</td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td><div align="left"></div></td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><tr> <tr class="f2"><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>class a</td><td>test1</td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td><div align="left"> </div></td><td><div align="left">data</div></td><td>test</td><td>test</td><td>testing data</td><td>testing 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<div id="footer_container"> <div id="footer"> <a href="http://site.x/" target="_blank"><img src="http://placehold.it/300x80"></a> <div class="footleft"> <a class="def" href="javascript: void(0);"><font color="#EFEFEF">Scroll Left</font></a> </div> <div id="footer1"> <font color="darkblue">Semi-Transparent Image</font> <i>Copyright &copy; 2013 <a href="http://site.x/" target="_blank" style="text-decoration: none"><font color=#ADD8E6>site</font></a>.</i> </div> <div id="footer2"> <i>All Rights Reserved.</i> </div> <div class="footright"> <a class="abc" href="javascript: void(0);"><font color="#EFEFEF">Scroll Right</font></a> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html> CSS gradient-style * { white-space: nowrap; } #header .class-selector { top: 10px; left: 20px; position: fixed; } #header .classcycler { top: 45px; left: 20px; position: fixed; font-size:20px; } body { line-height: 1.6em; background-color: #535353; overflow-x: scroll; } #gradient-style { font-family: "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", Sans-Serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; width: 100%; text-align: center; border-collapse: collapse; } #gradient-style th { font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height:250%; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; background: #535353 url('table-images/gradhead.png') repeat-x; border-top: 1px solid #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; color: #ffffff; } #gradient-style th.alt { font-family: "Times New Roman", Serif; text-align: left; padding: 10px; font-size: 26px; } #gradient-style td { padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; border-left: 1px solid #fff; border-right: 1px solid #fff; color: #00000; border-top: 1px solid #fff; background: #FFF url('table-images/gradback.png') repeat-x; } #gradient-style tr.ft3 td { color: #00000; background: #99cde7 url('table-images/gradoverallstudent.png') repeat-x; font-weight: bold; } #gradient-style tr.f1 td { color: #00000; background: #99cde7 url('table-images/gradbeststudent.png') repeat-x; } #gradient-style tr.f2 td { color: #00000; background: #b7e2b6 url('table-images/gradmostattentedstudent.png') repeat-x; } #gradient-style tr.f3 td { color: #00000; background: #a9cd6c url('table-images/gradleastlatestudtent.png') repeat-x; } #gradient-style tfoot tr td { background: #6FA275; font-size: 12px; color: #000; padding: 10; text-align: left; } #gradient-style tbody tr:hover td, #gradient-style tbody tr.selected td { background: #d0dafd url('table-images/gradhover.png') repeat-x; color: #339; } body { margin: 0; padding: 0; } #header_container { background: #000000 url('table-images/gradhead.png') repeat-x; border: 0px solid #666; height: 80px; left: 0; position: fixed; width: 100%; top: 0; } #header { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; width: 500px; height: 100%; text-align: center; color: #0c0aad; } #header1 { position: absolute; width: 125%; top: 50px; } #container { margin: 0 auto; overflow: auto; padding: 80px 0; width: 100%; } #content { } #footer_container { background: #000000 url('table-images/gradhead.png') repeat-x; border: 0px solid #666; bottom: 0; height: 95px; left: 0; position: fixed; width: 100%; } #footer { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; height: 100%; text-align: center; color: #FFF; } #footer1 { position: absolute; width: 103%; top: 50px; } #footer2 { position: absolute; width: 110%; top: 70px; } #footer .footleft { top: 45px; left: 2%; position: absolute; font-size:20px; } #footer .footright { top: 45px; right: 2%; position: absolute; font-size:20px; }

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  • Using JavaScript, how do I write the same text to multiple HTML elements, or how do I write text to all HTML elements of the same class?

    - by myfavoritenoisemaker
    I am writing this program to take a root music note and populate tables with various scales from that root note. So, many of the tables cells will have the exact same value in them. I realize I can call my "useScale" function for every single that I need to write text to but since there will be repeats, it seemed like there should be a way to run my function once and apply the results to multiple but it did not work to use the document.getElementsByClassName("").innerHTML, I had been using "ById" which worked fine but each ID must be unique so, I can't write to multiple elements. Here's my code, I'd love some suggestions. many thanks Root Note <input type="text" name="defineRootNote" id="rootNoteCapture" size="2"/> <button onclick="findScale()">Submit</button> <table id="majorTriad"> <th>Major Triad</th> <tr><td>1st</td><td class="root"> </td></tr> <tr><td>3rd</td><td class="3rd"> </td></tr> <tr><td>5th</td><td class="5th"> </td></tr> </table> <table id="minorTriad"> <th>Minor Triad</th> <tr><td>1st</td><td class="root"> </td></tr> <tr><td>3 Flat</td><td class="3Flat"> </td></tr> <tr><td>5th</td><td class="5th"> </td></tr> </table> <script type="text/javascript"> function findScale(rootNote){ var rootNote = document.getElementById("rootNoteCapture").value; rootNote = rootNote.toUpperCase(); var scaleCheck = ["A", "A#", "AB", "B", "BB", "C", "C#", "D", "D#", "DB", "E", "EB", "F", "F#", "G", "G#", "GB"]; if (scaleCheck.indexOf(rootNote) == -1) { document.getElementById("root").innerHTML = "Invalid Entry"; } else { switch(rootNote){ case "AB": rootNote = "G#"; break; case "BB": rootNote = "A#"; break; case "DB": rootNote = "C#"; break; case "EB": rootNote = "D#"; break; case "GB": rootNote = "F#"; break; rootNote = rootNote; } document.getElementsByClassName("root").innerHTML = rootNote; document.getElementsByClassName("3rd").innerHTML = useScale(rootNote, 4); document.getElementsByClassName("5th").innerHTML = useScale(rootNote, 7); document.getElementsByClassName("3Flat").innerHTML = useScale(rootNote, 3); } } function useScale(startPoint, offset){ var scale = ["A", "A#", "B", "C", "C#", "D", "D#", "E", "F", "F#", "G", "G#"]; var returnNote = null; var scalePoint = scale.indexOf(startPoint); for (var i = 0; i < offset; ){ i = i + 1; //console.log(i); //console.log(scalePoint); scalePoint ++; if (scalePoint > 11) {scalePoint = 0;} } returnNote = scale[scalePoint]; return returnNote; } </script>

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  • x86 instruction encoding tables

    - by Cheery
    I'm in middle of rewriting my assembler. While at it I'm curious about implementing disassembly as well. I want to make it simple and compact, and there's concepts I can exploit while doing so. It is possible to determine rest of the x86 instruction encoding from opcode (maybe prefix bytes are required too, a bit). I know many people have written tables for doing it. I'm not interested about mnemonics but instruction encoding, because it is an actual hard problem there. For each opcode number I need to know: does this instruction contain modrm? how many immediate fields does this instruction have? what encoding does an immediate use? is the immediate in field an instruction pointer -relative address? what kind of registers does the modrm use for operand and register fields? sandpile.org has somewhat quite much what I'd need, but it's in format that isn't easy to parse. Before I start writing and validating those tables myself, I decided to write this question. Do you know about this kind of tables existing somewhere? In a form that doesn't require too much effort to parse.

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  • Using both chunked transfer encoding and gzip

    - by RadiantHeart
    I recently started using gzip on my site and it worked like charm on all browsers except Opera which gives an error saying it could not decompress the content due to damaged data. From what I can gather from testing and googling it might be a problem with using both gzip and chunked transfer encoding. The fact that there is no error when requesting small files like css-files also points in that direction. Is this a known issue or is there something else that I havent thought about? Someone also mentioned that it could have something to do with sending a Content-Length header. Here is a simplified version of the most relevant part of my code: $contents = ob_get_contents(); ob_end_clean(); header('Content-Encoding: '.$encoding); print("\x1f\x8b\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"); $size = strlen($contents); $contents = gzcompress($contents, 9); $contents = substr($contents, 0, $size); print($contents); exit();

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  • Need help with PHP URL encoding/decoding

    - by Kenan
    On one page I'm "masking"/encoding URL which is passed to another page, there I decode URL and start file delivering to user. I found some function for encoding/decoding URL's, but sometime encoded URL contains "+" or "/" and decoded link is broken. I must use "folder structure" for link, can not use QueryString! Here is encoding function: $urll = 'SomeUrl.zip'; $key = '123'; $result = ''; for($i=0; $i<strlen($urll); $i++) { $char = substr($urll, $i, 1); $keychar = substr($key, ($i % strlen($key))-1, 1); $char = chr(ord($char)+ord($keychar)); $result.=$char; } $result = urlencode(base64_encode($result)); echo '<a href="/user/download/'.$result.'/">PC</a>'; Here is decoding: $urll = 'segment_3'; //Don't worry for this one its CMS retrieving 3rd "folder" $key = '123'; $resultt = ''; $string = ''; $string = base64_decode(urldecode($urll)); for($i=0; $i<strlen($string); $i++) { $char = substr($string, $i, 1); $keychar = substr($key, ($i % strlen($key))-1, 1); $char = chr(ord($char)-ord($keychar)); $resultt.=$char; } echo '<br />DEC: '. $resultt; So how to encode and decode url. Thanks

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  • Encoding multiple video streams with a single avconv invocation

    - by automatthias
    I played with avconv on Ubuntu and I'm now able to e.g. record the desktop with sound from a soundcard. One thing I wanted to do was recording two video inputs at the same time, for instance the desktop and from the webcam. I thought about doing something like this: avconv \ -f alsa \ -i default \ -acodec flac \ -f video4linux2 \ -r 6 \ -i /dev/video0 \ -f x11grab \ -i :0.0 \ out.mkv My thinking was that if you define multiple video inputs, and the .mkv format can handle multiple video streams, avconv will encode 2 video streams and 1 audio stream into one file. But this isn't what happens: avconv version 0.8.4-6:0.8.4-0ubuntu0.12.10.1, Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the Libav developers built on Nov 6 2012 16:51:11 with gcc 4.7.2 [alsa @ 0x1091bc0] capture with some ALSA plugins, especially dsnoop, may hang. [alsa @ 0x1091bc0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #0, alsa, from 'default': Duration: N/A, start: 1354364317.020350, bitrate: N/A Stream #0.0: Audio: pcm_s16le, 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1536 kb/s [video4linux2 @ 0x10923e0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #1, video4linux2, from '/dev/video0': Duration: N/A, start: 100607.724745, bitrate: 29491 kb/s Stream #1.0: Video: rawvideo, yuyv422, 640x480, 29491 kb/s, 6 tbr, 1000k tbn, 6 tbc [x11grab @ 0x107b2a0] device: :0.0+83,87 -> display: :0.0 x: 83 y: 87 width: 854 height: 480 [x11grab @ 0x107b2a0] shared memory extension found [x11grab @ 0x107b2a0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #2, x11grab, from ':0.0+83,87': Duration: N/A, start: 1354364318.488382, bitrate: 196761 kb/s Stream #2.0: Video: rawvideo, bgra, 854x480, 196761 kb/s, 15 tbr, 1000k tbn, 15 tbc Incompatible pixel format 'bgra' for codec 'mpeg4', auto-selecting format 'yuv420p' [buffer @ 0x107fcc0] w:854 h:480 pixfmt:bgra [avsink @ 0x10bdf00] auto-inserting filter 'auto-inserted scaler 0' between the filter 'src' and the filter 'out' [scale @ 0x10dc680] w:854 h:480 fmt:bgra -> w:854 h:480 fmt:yuv420p flags:0x4 Output #0, matroska, to '.../out.mkv': Metadata: encoder : Lavf53.21.0 Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 854x480, q=2-31, 4000 kb/s, 1k tbn, 15 tbc Stream #0.1: Audio: libvorbis, 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16 Stream mapping: Stream #2:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo -> mpeg4) Stream #0:0 -> #0:1 (pcm_s16le -> libvorbis) Press ctrl-c to stop encoding [mpeg4 @ 0x10bd800] rc buffer underflow ^Cframe= 160 fps= 15 q=2.0 Lsize= 3414kB time=10.66 bitrate=2623.0kbits/s video:3273kB audio:131kB global headers:4kB muxing overhead 0.165600% Received signal 2: terminating. I'm not sure if it's the question of mapping (some -map options to add?) or that avconv just can't encode more than 1 video stream at one time. So is it an actual avconv limitation, or a limitation of the available containers, or me simply not finding the right combination of command line options?

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  • SQLite, python, unicode, and non-utf data

    - by Nathan Spears
    I started by trying to store strings in sqlite using python, and got the message: sqlite3.ProgrammingError: You must not use 8-bit bytestrings unless you use a text_factory that can interpret 8-bit bytestrings (like text_factory = str). It is highly recommended that you instead just switch your application to Unicode strings. Ok, I switched to Unicode strings. Then I started getting the message: sqlite3.OperationalError: Could not decode to UTF-8 column 'tag_artist' with text 'Sigur Rós' when trying to retrieve data from the db. More research and I started encoding it in utf8, but then 'Sigur Rós' starts looking like 'Sigur Rós' note: My console was set to display in 'latin_1' as @John Machin pointed out. What gives? After reading this, describing exactly the same situation I'm in, it seems as if the advice is to ignore the other advice and use 8-bit bytestrings after all. I didn't know much about unicode and utf before I started this process. I've learned quite a bit in the last couple hours, but I'm still ignorant of whether there is a way to correctly convert 'ó' from latin-1 to utf-8 and not mangle it. If there isn't, why would sqlite 'highly recommend' I switch my application to unicode strings? I'm going to update this question with a summary and some example code of everything I've learned in the last 24 hours so that someone in my shoes can have an easy(er) guide. If the information I post is wrong or misleading in any way please tell me and I'll update, or one of you senior guys can update. Summary of answers Let me first state the goal as I understand it. The goal in processing various encodings, if you are trying to convert between them, is to understand what your source encoding is, then convert it to unicode using that source encoding, then convert it to your desired encoding. Unicode is a base and encodings are mappings of subsets of that base. utf_8 has room for every character in unicode, but because they aren't in the same place as, for instance, latin_1, a string encoded in utf_8 and sent to a latin_1 console will not look the way you expect. In python the process of getting to unicode and into another encoding looks like: str.decode('source_encoding').encode('desired_encoding') or if the str is already in unicode str.encode('desired_encoding') For sqlite I didn't actually want to encode it again, I wanted to decode it and leave it in unicode format. Here are four things you might need to be aware of as you try to work with unicode and encodings in python. The encoding of the string you want to work with, and the encoding you want to get it to. The system encoding. The console encoding. The encoding of the source file Elaboration: (1) When you read a string from a source, it must have some encoding, like latin_1 or utf_8. In my case, I'm getting strings from filenames, so unfortunately, I could be getting any kind of encoding. Windows XP uses UCS-2 (a Unicode system) as its native string type, which seems like cheating to me. Fortunately for me, the characters in most filenames are not going to be made up of more than one source encoding type, and I think all of mine were either completely latin_1, completely utf_8, or just plain ascii (which is a subset of both of those). So I just read them and decoded them as if they were still in latin_1 or utf_8. It's possible, though, that you could have latin_1 and utf_8 and whatever other characters mixed together in a filename on Windows. Sometimes those characters can show up as boxes, other times they just look mangled, and other times they look correct (accented characters and whatnot). Moving on. (2) Python has a default system encoding that gets set when python starts and can't be changed during runtime. See here for details. Dirty summary ... well here's the file I added: \# sitecustomize.py \# this file can be anywhere in your Python path, \# but it usually goes in ${pythondir}/lib/site-packages/ import sys sys.setdefaultencoding('utf_8') This system encoding is the one that gets used when you use the unicode("str") function without any other encoding parameters. To say that another way, python tries to decode "str" to unicode based on the default system encoding. (3) If you're using IDLE or the command-line python, I think that your console will display according to the default system encoding. I am using pydev with eclipse for some reason, so I had to go into my project settings, edit the launch configuration properties of my test script, go to the Common tab, and change the console from latin-1 to utf-8 so that I could visually confirm what I was doing was working. (4) If you want to have some test strings, eg test_str = "ó" in your source code, then you will have to tell python what kind of encoding you are using in that file. (FYI: when I mistyped an encoding I had to ctrl-Z because my file became unreadable.) This is easily accomplished by putting a line like so at the top of your source code file: # -*- coding: utf_8 -*- If you don't have this information, python attempts to parse your code as ascii by default, and so: SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character '\xf3' in file _redacted_ on line 81, but no encoding declared; see http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html for details Once your program is working correctly, or, if you aren't using python's console or any other console to look at output, then you will probably really only care about #1 on the list. System default and console encoding are not that important unless you need to look at output and/or you are using the builtin unicode() function (without any encoding parameters) instead of the string.decode() function. I wrote a demo function I will paste into the bottom of this gigantic mess that I hope correctly demonstrates the items in my list. Here is some of the output when I run the character 'ó' through the demo function, showing how various methods react to the character as input. My system encoding and console output are both set to utf_8 for this run: '?' = original char <type 'str'> repr(char)='\xf3' '?' = unicode(char) ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data 'ó' = char.decode('latin_1') <type 'unicode'> repr(char.decode('latin_1'))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data Now I will change the system and console encoding to latin_1, and I get this output for the same input: 'ó' = original char <type 'str'> repr(char)='\xf3' 'ó' = unicode(char) <type 'unicode'> repr(unicode(char))=u'\xf3' 'ó' = char.decode('latin_1') <type 'unicode'> repr(char.decode('latin_1'))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data Notice that the 'original' character displays correctly and the builtin unicode() function works now. Now I change my console output back to utf_8. '?' = original char <type 'str'> repr(char)='\xf3' '?' = unicode(char) <type 'unicode'> repr(unicode(char))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('latin_1') <type 'unicode'> repr(char.decode('latin_1'))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data Here everything still works the same as last time but the console can't display the output correctly. Etc. The function below also displays more information that this and hopefully would help someone figure out where the gap in their understanding is. I know all this information is in other places and more thoroughly dealt with there, but I hope that this would be a good kickoff point for someone trying to get coding with python and/or sqlite. Ideas are great but sometimes source code can save you a day or two of trying to figure out what functions do what. Disclaimers: I'm no encoding expert, I put this together to help my own understanding. I kept building on it when I should have probably started passing functions as arguments to avoid so much redundant code, so if I can I'll make it more concise. Also, utf_8 and latin_1 are by no means the only encoding schemes, they are just the two I was playing around with because I think they handle everything I need. Add your own encoding schemes to the demo function and test your own input. One more thing: there are apparently crazy application developers making life difficult in Windows. #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf_8 -*- import os import sys def encodingDemo(str): validStrings = () try: print "str =",str,"{0} repr(str) = {1}".format(type(str), repr(str)) validStrings += ((str,""),) except UnicodeEncodeError as ude: print "Couldn't print the str itself because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t", print ude try: x = unicode(str) print "unicode(str) = ",x validStrings+= ((x, " decoded into unicode by the default system encoding"),) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "ERROR. unicode(str) couldn't decode the string because the system encoding is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string." print "\tThe system encoding is set to {0}. See error:\n\t".format(sys.getdefaultencoding()), print ude except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "ERROR. Couldn't print the unicode(str) because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t", print uee try: x = str.decode('latin_1') print "str.decode('latin_1') =",x validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with latin_1 into unicode"),) try: print "str.decode('latin_1').encode('utf_8') =",str.decode('latin_1').encode('utf_8') validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with latin_1 into unicode and encoded into utf_8"),) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "The string was decoded into unicode using the latin_1 encoding, but couldn't be encoded into utf_8. See error:\n\t", print ude except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "Something didn't work, probably because the string wasn't latin_1 encoded. See error:\n\t", print ude except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "ERROR. Couldn't print the str.decode('latin_1') because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t", print uee try: x = str.decode('utf_8') print "str.decode('utf_8') =",x validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with utf_8 into unicode"),) try: print "str.decode('utf_8').encode('latin_1') =",str.decode('utf_8').encode('latin_1') except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "str.decode('utf_8').encode('latin_1') didn't work. The string was decoded into unicode using the utf_8 encoding, but couldn't be encoded into latin_1. See error:\n\t", validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with utf_8 into unicode and encoded into latin_1"),) print ude except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "str.decode('utf_8') didn't work, probably because the string wasn't utf_8 encoded. See error:\n\t", print ude except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "ERROR. Couldn't print the str.decode('utf_8') because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t",uee print print "Printing information about each character in the original string." for char in str: try: print "\t'" + char + "' = original char {0} repr(char)={1}".format(type(char), repr(char)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = original char {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(char), repr(char), ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = original char {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(char), repr(char), uee) print uee try: x = unicode(char) print "\t'" + x + "' = unicode(char) {1} repr(unicode(char))={2}".format(x, type(x), repr(x)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = unicode(char) ERROR: {0}".format(ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = unicode(char) {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(x), repr(x), uee) try: x = char.decode('latin_1') print "\t'" + x + "' = char.decode('latin_1') {1} repr(char.decode('latin_1'))={2}".format(x, type(x), repr(x)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = char.decode('latin_1') ERROR: {0}".format(ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = char.decode('latin_1') {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(x), repr(x), uee) try: x = char.decode('utf_8') print "\t'" + x + "' = char.decode('utf_8') {1} repr(char.decode('utf_8'))={2}".format(x, type(x), repr(x)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: {0}".format(ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = char.decode('utf_8') {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(x), repr(x), uee) print x = 'ó' encodingDemo(x) Much thanks for the answers below and especially to @John Machin for answering so thoroughly.

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  • SQLite, python, unicode, and non-utf data

    - by Nathan Spears
    I started by trying to store strings in sqlite using python, and got the message: sqlite3.ProgrammingError: You must not use 8-bit bytestrings unless you use a text_factory that can interpret 8-bit bytestrings (like text_factory = str). It is highly recommended that you instead just switch your application to Unicode strings. Ok, I switched to Unicode strings. Then I started getting the message: sqlite3.OperationalError: Could not decode to UTF-8 column 'tag_artist' with text 'Sigur Rós' when trying to retrieve data from the db. More research and I started encoding it in utf8, but then 'Sigur Rós' starts looking like 'Sigur Rós' note: My console was set to display in 'latin_1' as @John Machin pointed out. What gives? After reading this, describing exactly the same situation I'm in, it seems as if the advice is to ignore the other advice and use 8-bit bytestrings after all. I didn't know much about unicode and utf before I started this process. I've learned quite a bit in the last couple hours, but I'm still ignorant of whether there is a way to correctly convert 'ó' from latin-1 to utf-8 and not mangle it. If there isn't, why would sqlite 'highly recommend' I switch my application to unicode strings? I'm going to update this question with a summary and some example code of everything I've learned in the last 24 hours so that someone in my shoes can have an easy(er) guide. If the information I post is wrong or misleading in any way please tell me and I'll update, or one of you senior guys can update. Summary of answers Let me first state the goal as I understand it. The goal in processing various encodings, if you are trying to convert between them, is to understand what your source encoding is, then convert it to unicode using that source encoding, then convert it to your desired encoding. Unicode is a base and encodings are mappings of subsets of that base. utf_8 has room for every character in unicode, but because they aren't in the same place as, for instance, latin_1, a string encoded in utf_8 and sent to a latin_1 console will not look the way you expect. In python the process of getting to unicode and into another encoding looks like: str.decode('source_encoding').encode('desired_encoding') or if the str is already in unicode str.encode('desired_encoding') For sqlite I didn't actually want to encode it again, I wanted to decode it and leave it in unicode format. Here are four things you might need to be aware of as you try to work with unicode and encodings in python. The encoding of the string you want to work with, and the encoding you want to get it to. The system encoding. The console encoding. The encoding of the source file Elaboration: (1) When you read a string from a source, it must have some encoding, like latin_1 or utf_8. In my case, I'm getting strings from filenames, so unfortunately, I could be getting any kind of encoding. Windows XP uses UCS-2 (a Unicode system) as its native string type, which seems like cheating to me. Fortunately for me, the characters in most filenames are not going to be made up of more than one source encoding type, and I think all of mine were either completely latin_1, completely utf_8, or just plain ascii (which is a subset of both of those). So I just read them and decoded them as if they were still in latin_1 or utf_8. It's possible, though, that you could have latin_1 and utf_8 and whatever other characters mixed together in a filename on Windows. Sometimes those characters can show up as boxes, other times they just look mangled, and other times they look correct (accented characters and whatnot). Moving on. (2) Python has a default system encoding that gets set when python starts and can't be changed during runtime. See here for details. Dirty summary ... well here's the file I added: \# sitecustomize.py \# this file can be anywhere in your Python path, \# but it usually goes in ${pythondir}/lib/site-packages/ import sys sys.setdefaultencoding('utf_8') This system encoding is the one that gets used when you use the unicode("str") function without any other encoding parameters. To say that another way, python tries to decode "str" to unicode based on the default system encoding. (3) If you're using IDLE or the command-line python, I think that your console will display according to the default system encoding. I am using pydev with eclipse for some reason, so I had to go into my project settings, edit the launch configuration properties of my test script, go to the Common tab, and change the console from latin-1 to utf-8 so that I could visually confirm what I was doing was working. (4) If you want to have some test strings, eg test_str = "ó" in your source code, then you will have to tell python what kind of encoding you are using in that file. (FYI: when I mistyped an encoding I had to ctrl-Z because my file became unreadable.) This is easily accomplished by putting a line like so at the top of your source code file: # -*- coding: utf_8 -*- If you don't have this information, python attempts to parse your code as ascii by default, and so: SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character '\xf3' in file _redacted_ on line 81, but no encoding declared; see http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html for details Once your program is working correctly, or, if you aren't using python's console or any other console to look at output, then you will probably really only care about #1 on the list. System default and console encoding are not that important unless you need to look at output and/or you are using the builtin unicode() function (without any encoding parameters) instead of the string.decode() function. I wrote a demo function I will paste into the bottom of this gigantic mess that I hope correctly demonstrates the items in my list. Here is some of the output when I run the character 'ó' through the demo function, showing how various methods react to the character as input. My system encoding and console output are both set to utf_8 for this run: '?' = original char <type 'str'> repr(char)='\xf3' '?' = unicode(char) ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data 'ó' = char.decode('latin_1') <type 'unicode'> repr(char.decode('latin_1'))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data Now I will change the system and console encoding to latin_1, and I get this output for the same input: 'ó' = original char <type 'str'> repr(char)='\xf3' 'ó' = unicode(char) <type 'unicode'> repr(unicode(char))=u'\xf3' 'ó' = char.decode('latin_1') <type 'unicode'> repr(char.decode('latin_1'))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data Notice that the 'original' character displays correctly and the builtin unicode() function works now. Now I change my console output back to utf_8. '?' = original char <type 'str'> repr(char)='\xf3' '?' = unicode(char) <type 'unicode'> repr(unicode(char))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('latin_1') <type 'unicode'> repr(char.decode('latin_1'))=u'\xf3' '?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xf3 in position 0: unexpected end of data Here everything still works the same as last time but the console can't display the output correctly. Etc. The function below also displays more information that this and hopefully would help someone figure out where the gap in their understanding is. I know all this information is in other places and more thoroughly dealt with there, but I hope that this would be a good kickoff point for someone trying to get coding with python and/or sqlite. Ideas are great but sometimes source code can save you a day or two of trying to figure out what functions do what. Disclaimers: I'm no encoding expert, I put this together to help my own understanding. I kept building on it when I should have probably started passing functions as arguments to avoid so much redundant code, so if I can I'll make it more concise. Also, utf_8 and latin_1 are by no means the only encoding schemes, they are just the two I was playing around with because I think they handle everything I need. Add your own encoding schemes to the demo function and test your own input. One more thing: there are apparently crazy application developers making life difficult in Windows. #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf_8 -*- import os import sys def encodingDemo(str): validStrings = () try: print "str =",str,"{0} repr(str) = {1}".format(type(str), repr(str)) validStrings += ((str,""),) except UnicodeEncodeError as ude: print "Couldn't print the str itself because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t", print ude try: x = unicode(str) print "unicode(str) = ",x validStrings+= ((x, " decoded into unicode by the default system encoding"),) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "ERROR. unicode(str) couldn't decode the string because the system encoding is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string." print "\tThe system encoding is set to {0}. See error:\n\t".format(sys.getdefaultencoding()), print ude except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "ERROR. Couldn't print the unicode(str) because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t", print uee try: x = str.decode('latin_1') print "str.decode('latin_1') =",x validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with latin_1 into unicode"),) try: print "str.decode('latin_1').encode('utf_8') =",str.decode('latin_1').encode('utf_8') validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with latin_1 into unicode and encoded into utf_8"),) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "The string was decoded into unicode using the latin_1 encoding, but couldn't be encoded into utf_8. See error:\n\t", print ude except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "Something didn't work, probably because the string wasn't latin_1 encoded. See error:\n\t", print ude except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "ERROR. Couldn't print the str.decode('latin_1') because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t", print uee try: x = str.decode('utf_8') print "str.decode('utf_8') =",x validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with utf_8 into unicode"),) try: print "str.decode('utf_8').encode('latin_1') =",str.decode('utf_8').encode('latin_1') except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "str.decode('utf_8').encode('latin_1') didn't work. The string was decoded into unicode using the utf_8 encoding, but couldn't be encoded into latin_1. See error:\n\t", validStrings+= ((x, " decoded with utf_8 into unicode and encoded into latin_1"),) print ude except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "str.decode('utf_8') didn't work, probably because the string wasn't utf_8 encoded. See error:\n\t", print ude except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "ERROR. Couldn't print the str.decode('utf_8') because the console is set to an encoding that doesn't understand some character in the string. See error:\n\t",uee print print "Printing information about each character in the original string." for char in str: try: print "\t'" + char + "' = original char {0} repr(char)={1}".format(type(char), repr(char)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = original char {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(char), repr(char), ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = original char {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(char), repr(char), uee) print uee try: x = unicode(char) print "\t'" + x + "' = unicode(char) {1} repr(unicode(char))={2}".format(x, type(x), repr(x)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = unicode(char) ERROR: {0}".format(ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = unicode(char) {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(x), repr(x), uee) try: x = char.decode('latin_1') print "\t'" + x + "' = char.decode('latin_1') {1} repr(char.decode('latin_1'))={2}".format(x, type(x), repr(x)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = char.decode('latin_1') ERROR: {0}".format(ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = char.decode('latin_1') {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(x), repr(x), uee) try: x = char.decode('utf_8') print "\t'" + x + "' = char.decode('utf_8') {1} repr(char.decode('utf_8'))={2}".format(x, type(x), repr(x)) except UnicodeDecodeError as ude: print "\t'?' = char.decode('utf_8') ERROR: {0}".format(ude) except UnicodeEncodeError as uee: print "\t'?' = char.decode('utf_8') {0} repr(char)={1} ERROR PRINTING: {2}".format(type(x), repr(x), uee) print x = 'ó' encodingDemo(x) Much thanks for the answers below and especially to @John Machin for answering so thoroughly.

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  • How to call a JavaScript function from one frame to another in Chrome/Webkit with file protocol

    - by bambax
    I have developed an application that has a list of items in one frame; when one clicks on an item it does something in another frame (loads an image). This used to work fine in all browsers, including Chrome 3; now it still works fine in Firefox but in recent versions of Chrome (I believe since 4) it throws this error: Unsafe JavaScript attempt to access frame with URL (...) from frame with URL (...). Domains, protocols and ports must match. This is obviously a security "feature" but is it possible to get around it? Here is a simple test: index.html: <html> <frameset cols="50%,50%"> <frame src="left.html" name="left"/> <frame src="right.html" name="right"/> </frameset> </html> left.html: <html> <body> <a href="javascript:parent.right.test('hello');">click me</a> </body> </html> right.html: <html> <body> <script> function test(msg) { alert(msg); } </script> </body> </html> The above works in Firefox 3.6 and Chrome 3 but in Chrome 5 it throws the above error... Edit: added the @cols attribute to the frameset element in fact it works in Chrome if and only if the pages are served with the http protocol (and from the same domain) but my problem is when pages are local and served from a file:// protocol. Then it works in Firefox (all versions) and Chrome 3 but not Chrome 5 (I don't have Chrome 4 so I'm not shure about that specific version (and don't know if it's even possible to download a specific Chrome version?) -- but for Chrome 5 I'm very sure it doesn't work).

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  • Displaying unnecessary HTML when showing content from MySQL database.

    - by ThatMacLad
    My homepage pulls in content from my MySQL database to create a blog. I've got it so that it only displays an extract from the posts. For some reason it displays HTML tags as well rather than formatting it using the tags (See picture below). Any help is appreciated. Homepage: <html> <head> <title>Ultan Casey | Homepage</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div class="wrapper"> <div id="upperbar"> <a href="#">Home</a> <a href="#">About Me</a> <a href="#">Contact Me</a> <a href="http://www.twitter.com/UltanKC">Twitter</a> <form id="search-form" action="/search" method="get"> <input type="text" id="textarea" size="33" name="q" value=""/> <input type="submit" id="submit" value="Search"/> </form> </div> <div id="banner"> <img src="images/banner.jpg"> </div> <div class="sidebar"></div> <div class="posts"> <?php mysql_connect ('localhost', 'root', 'root') ; mysql_select_db ('tmlblog'); $sql = "SELECT * FROM php_blog ORDER BY timestamp DESC LIMIT 5"; $result = mysql_query($sql) or print ("Can't select entries from table php_blog.<br />" . $sql . "<br />" . mysql_error()); while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $date = date("l F d Y", $row['timestamp']); $title = stripslashes($row['title']); $entry = stripslashes($row['entry']); $id = $row['id']; ?> <?php echo "<p id='title'><strong><a href=\"post.php?id=". $id . "\">" . $title . "</a></strong></p>"; ?><br /> <div class="post-thumb"><img src="thumbs/<?php echo $id ?>.png"></div> <?php echo htmlspecialchars(substr($entry, 0, 1050)) ?>... <br> <hr><br /> Posted on <?php echo $date; ?> </p> </div> </div> </p <?php } ?> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html> Image:

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  • Tricky issue with using xslt with badly formed html...

    - by Ryba
    Hi there, I am fairly new to xslt (2.0) and am having some trouble with a tricky issue. Essentially I have a badly formatted html file like below: <html> <body> <p> text 1 </p> <div> <p> text 2</p> </div> <p> Here is a list <ul> <ol> <li> ListItem1 </li> <li> ListItem1 </li> </ol> <dl> <li> dl item </li> <li> dl item2 </li> </dl> </ul> <div> <p> I was here</p> </div> </p> And I am trying to put it into a nicely formated XML file. In my xslt file I recursively check if all children of a p or div are other p's or div's and just promote them, other wise I use them as stand alone paragraphs. I extended this idea so that if a p or div with a child list show up properly but don't promote the list children. A problem that I am having is that the output xml I get is the following <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html> <body> <p> text 1 </p> <p> text 2</p> Here is a list <ul> <ol> <li> ListItem1 </li> <li> ListItem1 </li> </ol> <dl> <li> dl item </li> <li> dl item2 </li> </dl> </ul> <p> I was here</p> "Here is a list" needs to be in paragraph tags too! I am going crazy trying to solve this ... Any input/links would be greatly appreciated.

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