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• Creating classes that can be instantiated with single or multiple elements as constructor's argument

  - by Jeriho

  I want to have class that can be instantiated with list, array, seq, set, stack, queue etc. In my opinion class A class B(elems:A*) should handle such stuff. This is my solution: class A class B(elems:Iterable[A]){ def this(elem:A) = this(Seq(elem)) } Can you suggest any improvements?

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• How to test ActiveRecord callacks with RSpec?

  - by FoxDemon

  How to test the following example? class Post < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :discussion def after_save # or after_create discussion.touch end end

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• Why does this python code work?

  - by Int-0

  I have written a simple python module, it has this code: _log = logging.getLogger("mymodule") _started = False def set_log_level(level): _log.setLevel(level) if not _started: _hdlr = logging.FileHandler('mymodule.log') When I call set_log_level() program fails because symbol _started is not found. It is normal because global _started is missing in the method. But my question is: symbol _log has the same visibility as _started, so why does this symbol can be found? BR, // Toby

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• Singleton with eager initialization

  - by jesper

  I have class X that takes much time to initialize itself. I want to make that class singleton and force its creation when rails application starts. I've made the singleton: class X @@instance = nil def self.instance if @@instance.nil? @@instance = X.new puts 'CREATING' end return @@instance end private_class_method :new end The problem is that every time I use this class I see 'CREATING' in logs. I've tried to put creation of class in initializers directory but it doesn't work either.

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• Authlogic's current_user object in models

  - by jriff

  Hi all! I need to know the ID of the current user in a model: def after_save desc, points=nil, nil if answer_index == daily_question.correct_answer_index desc = I18n.t('daily_question.point_log.description.correct') points=daily_question.points else desc = I18n.t('daily_question.point_log.description.incorrect') end current_user.give_points(:description => desc, :points => points ) end But I guess that is not how it is done? Regards, Jacob

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• Passing direct parameters to a Controller#method when testing via RSpec

  - by gmile

  Normally to pass parameters via in RSpec we do: params[:my_key] = my_value get :my_method Where my_method deals with what it received from params. But in my controller I have a method, which takes args directly i.e.: def my_method(*args) ... end How do I call the method with those args from within the test? I've tried get :my_method(args) but Ruby interpreter complains about syntax error.

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• Generate a sequence of Fibonacci number in Scala

  - by qin

  def fibSeq(n: Int): List[Int] = { var ret = scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer[Int](1, 2) while (ret(ret.length - 1) < n) { val temp = ret(ret.length - 1) + ret(ret.length - 2) if (temp >= n) { return ret.toList } ret += temp } ret.toList } So the above is my code to generate a Fibonacci sequence using Scala to a value n. I am wondering if there is a more elegant way to do this in Scala?

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• Is there an ActiveRecord equivalent to using a nested subquery i.e. ... where NOT IN(select...) ?

  - by Snorkpete

  I have 3 models: Category, Account, and SubAccount The relations are: Accounts has_many :sub_accounts Categories has_many :sub_accounts I wanted to get a list of all Categories that are not used by a given account. My method in the Category model currently looks like: class Category < ActiveRecord::Base def self.not_used_by(account) Category.find_by_sql("select * from categories where id not in(select category_id from sub_accounts where account_id = #{account.id})") end end My question is, is there a cleaner alternative than using SQL? NB. I am currently using Rails 3(beta)

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• How would I rspec/test an updated_at field without using sleep() in ruby?

  - by Kamilski81

  How do i write my spec without using the sleep(1.second) method? When I remove the sleep then my tests break because they are returning the same time stamp? I have the following class method: def skip qs = find_or_create_by(user_id: user_id) qs.set_updated_at qs.n_skip += 1 qs.save! end and following spec: qs = skip(user.id) sleep(1.second) qs2 = skip(user.id) qs.should_not be_nil qs2.should_not be_nil (qs.updated_at < qs2.updated_at).should be_true

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• What do I need to distribute (keys, certs) for Python w/ SSL-socket connection?

  - by fandingo

  I'm trying to write a generic server-client application that will be able to exchange data amongst servers. I've read over quite a few OpenSSL documents, and I have successfully setup my own CA and created a cert (and private key) for testing purposes. I'm stuck with Python 2.3, so I can't use the standard "ssl" library. Instead, I'm stuck with PyOpenSSL, which doesn't seem bad, but there aren't many documents out there about it. My question isn't really about getting it working. I'm more confused about the certificates and where they need to go. Here are my two programs that do work: Server: #!/bin/env python from OpenSSL import SSL import socket import pickle def verify_cb(conn, cert, errnum, depth, ok): print('Got cert: %s' % cert.get_subject()) return ok ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.TLSv1_METHOD) ctx.set_verify(SSL.VERIFY_PEER|SSL.VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, verify_cb) # ?????? ctx.use_privatekey_file('./Dmgr-key.pem') ctx.use_certificate_file('Dmgr-cert.pem') # ?????? ctx.load_verify_locations('./CAcert.pem') server = SSL.Connection(ctx, socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)) server.bind(('', 50000)) server.listen(3) a, b = server.accept() c = a.recv(1024) print(c) Client: from OpenSSL import SSL import socket import pickle def verify_cb(conn, cert, errnum, depth, ok): print('Got cert: %s' % cert.get_subject()) return ok ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.TLSv1_METHOD) ctx.set_verify(SSL.VERIFY_PEER, verify_cb) # ?????????? ctx.use_privatekey_file('/home/justin/code/work/CA/private/Dmgr-key.pem') ctx.use_certificate_file('/home/justin/code/work/CA/Dmgr-cert.pem') # ????????? ctx.load_verify_locations('/home/justin/code/work/CA/CAcert.pem') sock = SSL.Connection(ctx, socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)) sock.connect(('10.0.0.3', 50000)) a = Tester(2, 2) b = pickle.dumps(a) sock.send("Hello, world") sock.flush() sock.send(b) sock.shutdown() sock.close() I found this information from ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/ftp.pld-linux.org/dists/2.0/PLD/i586/PLD/RPMS/python-pyOpenSSL-examples-0.6-2.i586.rpm which contains some example scripts. As you might gather, I don't fully understand the sections between the " # ????????." I don't get why the certificate and private key are needed on both the client and server. I'm not sure where each should go, but shouldn't I only need to distribute one part of the key (probably the public part)? It undermines the purpose of having asymmetric keys if you still need both on each server, right? I tried alternating removing either the pkey or cert on either box, and I get the following error no matter which I remove: OpenSSL.SSL.Error: [('SSL routines', 'SSL3_READ_BYTES', 'sslv3 alert handshake failure'), ('SSL routines', 'SSL3_WRITE_BYTES', 'ssl handshake failure')] Could someone explain if this is the expected behavior for SSL. Do I really need to distribute the private key and public cert to all my clients? I'm trying to avoid any huge security problems, and leaking private keys would tend to be a big one... Thanks for the help!

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• Can regex match be based on two lines of text?

  - by Matt

  Let's say I have def abc xyz abc And I want to match xyz abc as a whole Is this possible using the most generic RegEx possible? That is not the perl RegEx or .Net Regex which have multi line flags. I guess it would be BNF to match this.

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• call a python function in another class from a class?

  - by user3527697

  hi i'am begginer in pYthon and openerp , i want to call a function exists in another class for example: i have 2 class : class a: def notif_personne_event(self, cr, uid,ids,context=None): and import a class b: notifier(self, cr, uid,ids,context=None): self.notifiernotif_personne_event() but when i do this an error is displayed telling me that class b have not an attribute notifiernotif_personne_event() someone help me please

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• Is it possible to bulk load an NDB child Entity in GAE?

  - by hmacread

  At some point in the future I may need to bulk load migration data (i.e. from a CSV). Has anyone had exceptions raised doing the following? Also is there any change in behaviour if the ndb.put_multi() function is used? from google.appengine.ext import ndb while True: if not id: break id, name = read_csv_row(readline()) x = X(parent=ndb.Key('Y','static_id') x.id, x.name = id, name x.put() class X(ndb.Model): id = StringProperty() name = StringProperty() class Y(ndb.Model): pass def read_csv_row(line): """returns tuple"""

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• What does this `_time_independent_equals` mean?

  - by Satoru.Logic

  In the tornado.web module there is a function called _time_independent_equals: def _time_independent_equals(a, b): if len(a) != len(b): return False result = 0 for x, y in zip(a, b): result |= ord(x) ^ ord(y) return result == 0 It is used to compare secure cookie signatures, and thus the name. But regarding the implementation of this function, is it just a complex way to say a==b?

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• how to write or create (when no exist) a file using python and Google AppEngine

  - by zjm1126

  this is my code: f = open('text/a.log', 'wb') f.write('hahaha') f.close() and it is not create a new file when not exist how to do this , thanks updated class MyThread(threading.Thread): def run(self): f = open('a.log', 'w') f.write('hahaha') f.close() error is : Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Python25\lib\threading.py", line 486, in __bootstrap_inner self.run() File "D:\zjm_code\helloworld\views.py", line 15, in run f = open('a.log', 'w') File "d:\Program Files\Google\google_appengine\google\appengine\tools\dev_appserver.py", line 1188, in __init__ raise IOError('invalid mode: %s' % mode) IOError: invalid mode: w

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• Trouble with array of dictionaries, ruby

  - by user299450

  I am getting the following error. game.rb:46:in `play': undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError) from game.rb:45:in each' from game.rb:45:inplay' from game.rb:56 with this code, def play() currentTile = nil @tiles.each do |tile| if(tile['Name'] == 'Starting Square') currentTile = tile end puts("#{currentTile['Desciption']}") end end This is part of a text adventure game, I am playing with @tiles is an array of tiles that was read from a file. Each tile is a dictionary. Thanks for any help, I cant figure this out

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• Python - output from functions?

  - by Seafoid

  Hi I have a very rudimentary question. Assume I call a function, e.g., def foo(): x = 'hello world' How do I get the function to return x in such a way that I can use it as the input for another function or use the variable within the body of a program? When I use return and call the variable within another functions I get a NameError. Thanks, S :-)

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• Blackberry (Java) - drawing text in two different fonts

  - by paullb

  using the g.drawText function (two calls one for each text) is it possible to write text in two different sizes? g.drawText("abc",0,0); //whatever code to change font goes here g.drawText("def",30,30);

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• Python: concatenate generator and item

  - by TarGz

  I have a generator (numbers) and a value (number). I would like to iterate over these as if they were one sequence: i for i in tuple(my_generator) + (my_value,) The problem is, as far as I undestand, this creates 3 tuples only to immediately discard them and also copies items in "my_generator" once. Better approch would be: def con(seq, item): for i in seq: yield seq yield item i for i in con(my_generator, my_value) But I was wondering whether it is possible to do it without that function definition

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• Add Shortcut to Nested Route

  - by wakeless

  I'm using nested routes and I want to provide some sort of a shortcut method. (I'm using RoR 3.0) The routes look like this. resources :countries do resources :regions do resources :wineries end end To access a winery route I want to be able to define a function that removes the need to specify a country and region each time. Like: def winery_path(winery) country_region_winery_path (winery.country, winery.region, winery) end Where should I do this? How can I get that to be available whereever url_for is available?

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• how to made a "admin-only" for in html page (not view.py),has this method :user.is_superuser ??

  - by zjm1126

  in views.py: @user_passes_test(lambda u: u.is_superuser) def h_view(request): return render_to_response('mytest/news.html',context_instance=RequestContext(request)) but i want to show this page when admin login,and my now page is : <li id="tab_mytest"><a href="{% url mytest_list %}" class="{% block mytest_css_name %}{% endblock %}">{% trans "mytest" %}</a></li> how to change it, has this method :user.is_superuser ?? thanks

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• Passing values into regex match function

  - by Tim

  In python (it's a Django filter), I'm doing this: lReturn = re.sub(r'\[usecase:([ \w]+)]', r'EXTEND WITH <a href="/usecase/%s/\1/">\1</a>' % pCurrentProjectName, lReturn) I'd like to use a function instead of a string (so I can check that the usercase is a valid name), so it would change to this: def _match_function(matchobj): lMatch = matchobj.group(1) return "EXTEND WITH <a href='/usecase/%s/%s/'>%s</a>" % (pCurrentProjectName, lMatch, lMatch) lReturn = re.sub(r'\[usecase:([ \w]+)]', _match_function, lReturn) How do I get pCurrentProjectName into the _match_function() function?

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• Is there an equivalent to RSpec's before(:all) in MiniTest?

  - by bergyman

  Since it now seems to have replaced TestUnit in 1.9.1, I can't seem to find an equivalent to this. There ARE times when you really just want a method to run once for the suite of tests. For now I've resorted to some lovely hackery along the lines of: Class ParseStandardWindTest < MiniTest::Unit::TestCase @@reader ||= PolicyDataReader.new(Time.now) @@data ||= @@reader.parse def test_stuff transaction = @@data[:transaction] assert true, transaction end end

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• How to define a constant when running script/server?

  - by Zeke

  I want to start up my Rails development server like this: script/server OFFLINE_MODE=1 and have a method that checks for the presence of that constant: helper_method :offline_mode? def offline_mode? defined?(OFFLINE_MODE) ? true : false end so I can hide stuff in my app when I'm coding without access to the internet. For some reason though, OFFLINE_MODE doesn't ever seem to be defined and the method always returns false.. thoughts?

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• Can regex match a based on two lines of text?

  - by Matt

  Let's say I have def abc xyz abc And I want to match xyz abc as a whole Is this possible using the most generic RegEx possible? That is not the perl RegEx or .Net Regex which have multi line flags. I guess it would be BNF to match this.

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