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• An internal error occurred during runtime. Smarty

  - by rag

  WARNING [2] include(somepath/templates_c/%%B0^B01^B019F522%%login.htm.php) [function.include]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory on Line No 1871 in somepath/Smarty.class.php Error!: An internal error occurred during runtime. Any body please tell me why this error is occuring..

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• how do i avoid this linking error ?

  - by Yogesh

  if i have defined a global variable(with initialization) in header file, and included this file in two file and try to compile and link, compiler gives linking error ----------------- >>headers.h #ifndef __HEADERS #define __HEADERS int x = 10; #endif >>1.c #include "headers.h" main () { } --------------------- >>2.c #include "headers.h" fun () {}

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• C++ class is not recognizing string data type

  - by reallythecrash

  I'm working on a program from my C++ textbook, and this this the first time I've really run into trouble. I just can't seem to see what is wrong here. Visual Studio is telling me Error: identifier "string" is undefined. I separated the program into three files. A header file for the class specification, a .cpp file for the class implementation and the main program file. These are the instructions from my book: Write a class named Car that has the following member variables: year. An int that holds the car's model year. make. A string that holds the make of the car. speed. An int that holds the car's current speed. In addition, the class should have the following member functions. Constructor. The constructor should accept the car's year and make as arguments and assign these values to the object's year and make member variables. The constructor should initialize the speed member variable to 0. Accessors. Appropriate accessor functions should be created to allow values to be retrieved from an object's year, make and speed member variables. There are more instructions, but they are not necessary to get this part to work. Here is my source code: // File Car.h -- Car class specification file #ifndef CAR_H #define CAR_H class Car { private: int year; string make; int speed; public: Car(int, string); int getYear(); string getMake(); int getSpeed(); }; #endif // File Car.cpp -- Car class function implementation file #include "Car.h" // Default Constructor Car::Car(int inputYear, string inputMake) { year = inputYear; make = inputMake; speed = 0; } // Accessors int Car::getYear() { return year; } string Car::getMake() { return make; } int Car::getSpeed() { return speed; } // Main program #include <iostream> #include <string> #include "Car.h" using namespace std; int main() { } I haven't written anything in the main program yet, because I can't get the class to compile. I've only linked the header file to the main program. Thanks in advance to all who take the time to investigate this problem for me.

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• compiling a c++ program including mysql

  - by wyatt

  I'm new to gcc, and trying to compile a c++ program which includes mysql.h using the command: g++ -o test test.cpp -L/usr/include/mysql -lmysqlclient -I/usr/include/mysql It works without issue, but I was wondering if someone could explain the arguments to me. I don't like using commands I don't understand. Thanks

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• Why can't I reserve 1,000,000,000 in my vector ?

  - by vipersnake005

  When I type in the foll. code, I get the output as 1073741823. #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; int main() { vector <int> v; cout<<v.max_size(); return 0; } However when I try to resize the vector to 1,000,000,000, by v.resize(1000000000); the program stops executing. How can I enable the program to allocate the required memory, when it seems that it should be able to? I am using MinGW in Windows 7. I have 2 GB RAM. Should it not be possible? In case it is not possible, can't I declare it as an array of integers and get away? BUt even that doesn't work. Another thing is that, suppose I would use a file(which can easily handle so much data ). How can I let it read and write and the same time. Using fstream file("file.txt', ios::out | ios::in ); doesn't create a file, in the first place. But supposing the file exists, I am unable to use to do reading and writing simultaneously. WHat I mean is this : Let the contents of the file be 111111 Then if I run : - #include <fstream> #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { fstream file("file.txt",ios:in|ios::out); char x; while( file>>x) { file<<'0'; } return 0; } Shouldn't the file's contents now be 101010 ? Read one character and then overwrite the next one with 0 ? Or incase the entire contents were read at once into some buffer, should there not be atleast one 0 in the file ? 1111110 ? But the contents remain unaltered. Please explain. Thank you.

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• Is there an alternative to die?

  - by TJDeatwiler

  Sorry for the dramatic sounding title, just wanted to know if there is a way to prevent all types of PHP commands from executing EXCEPT one. For example, now when I kill a script using die() my pages look half broken because the bottom part of the page's html failed to load since it was being brought in using the include() function. So is there a way to tell PHP "don't allow any more commands to be executed except the include function" ?

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• C preprocessor vs. C compiler

  - by Sunny209

  If I tell the C preprocessor to #include a file and use CPPFLAGS to help find the needed file, then the file is included already, right? What, if any, use is telling the C compiler about the same include directory with CFLAGS?

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• Comparing char for validation in C++

  - by Corey Starbird

  /* PROGRAM: Ch6_14.cpp Written by Corey Starbird This program calculates the balance owed to a hospital for a patient. Last modified: 10/28/13 */ #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <iomanip> #include <string> using namespace std; // Prototypes for In-patient and Out-patient functions. double stayTotal (int, double, double, double); // For In-patients double stayTotal (double, double); // For Out-patients int main() { char patientType; // In-patient (I or i) or Out-patient (O or o) double rate, // Daily rate for the In-patient stay servCharge, // Service charge for the stay medCharge, // Medication charge for the stay inTotal, // Total for the In-patient stay outTotal; // Total for the Out-patient stay int days; // Number of days for the In-patient stay // Find out if they were an In-patient or an Out-patient cout << "Welcome, please enter (I) for an In-patient or (O) for an Out-patient:" << endl; cin >> patientType; while (patientType != 'I' || 'i' || 'O' || 'o') { cout << "Invalid entry. Please enter either (I) for an In-patient or (O) for an Out-patient:" << endl; cin >> patientType; } cout << "FIN"; return 0; } Hey, brand new to C++ here. I am working on a project and I'm having trouble figuring out why my validation for patientTypeisn't working properly. I first had double quotes, but realized that would denote strings. I changed them to single quotes, my program will compile and run now, but the while loop runs no matter what I enter, I, i, O, o, or anything else. I don't know why the while loop isn't checking the condition, seeing that I did enter one of the characters in the condition, and move on to cout. Probably a simple mistake, but I thank you in advance.

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• What is the need of JavaScript while developing a page?

  - by nepc

  I have been developing websites for some time now and I hardly use any Javascript in my pages. Whatever I can want to do with JavaScript, it is possible through PHP. Just like ajax itself. We can send a regular request instead of a ajax request, can't we? We can use "include" to include sub part of pages. So am i missing something about javascript, that I dont know of?

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• (Strange) C++ linker error in constructor

  - by Microkernel

  I am trying to write a template class in C++ and getting this strange linker error and can't figureout the cause, please let me know whats wrong with this! Here is the error message I am getting in Visula C++ 2010. 1>------ Rebuild All started: Project: FlashEmulatorTemplates, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------ 1> main.cpp 1> emulator.cpp 1> Generating Code... 1>main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall flash_emulator<char>::flash_emulator<char>(char const *,struct FLASH_PROPERTIES *)" (??0?$flash_emulator@D@@QAE@PBDPAUFLASH_PROPERTIES@@@Z) referenced in function _main 1>C:\Projects\FlashEmulator_templates\VS\FlashEmulatorTemplates\Debug\FlashEmulatorTemplates.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals ========== Rebuild All: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 skipped ========== Error message in g++ main.cpp: In function âint main()â: main.cpp:8: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to âchar*â /tmp/ccOJ8koe.o: In function `main': main.cpp:(.text+0x21): undefined reference to `flash_emulator<char>::flash_emulator(char*, FLASH_PROPERTIES*)' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status There are 2 .cpp files and 1 header file, and I have given them below. emulator.h #ifndef __EMULATOR_H__ #define __EMULATOR_H__ typedef struct { int property; }FLASH_PROPERTIES ; /* Flash emulation class */ template<class T> class flash_emulator { private: /* Private data */ int key; public: /* Constructor - Opens an existing flash by name flashName or creates one with given FLASH_PROPERTIES if it doesn't exist */ flash_emulator( const char *flashName, FLASH_PROPERTIES *properties ); /* Constructor - Opens an existing flash by name flashName or creates one with given properties given in configFIleName */ flash_emulator<T>( char *flashName, char *configFileName ); /* Destructor for the emulator */ ~flash_emulator(){ } }; #endif /* End of __EMULATOR_H__ */ emulator.cpp #include <Windows.h> #include "emulator.h" using namespace std; template<class T>flash_emulator<T>::flash_emulator( const char *flashName, FLASH_PROPERTIES *properties ) { return; } template<class T>flash_emulator<T>::flash_emulator(char *flashName, char *configFileName) { return; } main.cpp #include <Windows.h> #include "emulator.h" int main() { FLASH_PROPERTIES properties = {0}; flash_emulator<char> myEmulator("C:\newEMu.flash", &properties); return 0; }

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• Rails - before_save that includes updated object

  - by Sam

  I have a before_save that calculates a percentage that needs to include the object that is being updated. Is there a one-liner in Rails that takes care of this? for example and this is totally made up: Object.find(:all, :include => :updated_object) Currently I'm sending the object that is getting updated to the definition that calculates the percentage and that works but it's making things messy.

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• Copy TFS Build Definitions between Projects and Collections

  - by Jakob Ehn

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/jakob/archive/2014/06/05/copy-tfs-build-definitions-between-projects-and-collections.aspxThe last couple of years it has become apparent that using multiple team projects in TFS is generally a bad idea. There are of course exceptions to this, but there are a lot ot things that becomes much easier to do when you put all of your projects and team in the same team project. Fellow ALM MVP Martin Hinshelwood has blogged about this several times, as well as other people in the community. In particular, using the backlog and portfolio management tools makes much more sense when everything is located in the same team project. Consolidating multiple team projects into one is not that easy unfortunately, it involves migrating source code, work items, reports etc.  Another thing that also need to be migrated is build definitions. It is possible to clone build definitions within the same team project using the TFS power tools. The Community TFS Build Manager also lets you clone build definitions to other team projects. But there is no tool that allows you to clone/copy a build definition to another collection. So, I whipped up a simple console application that let you do this. The tool can be downloaded from https://onedrive.live.com/redir?resid=EE034C9F620CD58D!8162&authkey=!ACTr56v1QVowzuE&ithint=file%2c.zip   Using CopyTFSBuildDefinitions You use the tool like this: CopyTFSBuildDefinitions  SourceCollectionUrl  SourceTeamProject  BuildDefinitionName  DestinationCollectionUrl  DestinationTeamProject [NewDefinitionName] Arguments SourceCollectionUrl The URL to the TFS collection that contains the team project with the build definition that you want to copy SourceTeamProject The name of the team project that contains the build definition BuildDefinitionName Name of the build definition DestinationCollectionUrl The URL to the TFS collection that contains the team project that you want to copy your build definition to DestinationTeamProject The name of the team project in the destination collection NewDefinitionName (Optional) Use this to override the name of the new build definition. If you don’t specify this, the name will the same as the original one Example: CopyTFSBuildDefinitions  https://jakob.visualstudio.com DemoProject  WebApplication.CI https://anotheraccount.visualstudio.com     Notes Since we are (potentially) create a build definition in a new collection, there is no guarantee that the various paths that are defined in the build definition exist in the new collection. For example, a build definition refers to server paths in TFVC or repos + branches in TFGit. It also refers to build controllers that definitely don’t exist in the new collection. So there will be some cleanup to do after you copy your build definitions. You can fix some of these using the Community TFS Build Manager, for example it is very easy to apply the correct build controller to a set of build definitions The problem stated above also applies to build process templates. However, the tool tries to find a build process template in the new team project with the same file name as the one that existed in the old team project. If it finds one, it will be used for the new build definition. Otherwise is will use the default build template If you want to run the tool for many build definitions, you can use this SQL scripts, compliments of Mr. Scrum/ALM MVP Richard Hundhausen to generate the necessary commands: USE Tfs_Collection GO SELECT 'CopyTFSBuildDefinitions.exe http://SERVER:8080/tfs/collection "' + P.ProjectName + '" "' + REPLACE(BD.DefinitionName,'\','') + '" http://NEWSERVER:8080/tfs/COLLECTION TEAMPROJECT'   FROM tbl_Project P        INNER JOIN tbl_BuildGroup BG on BG.TeamProject = P.ProjectUri        INNER JOIN tbl_BuildDefinition BD on BD.GroupId = BG.GroupId   ORDER BY P.ProjectName, BD.DefinitionName   Hope that helps, let me know if you have any problems with the tool or if you find it useful

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• virtual host setup: can't access wordpress site without www

  - by two7s_clash

  I would like to access my site both with and without using the www. Currently it only works with. Leaving out the www just goes to a blank page. Also, wp-admin just loads a blank page too. I have set an A record for mysite.com and www.mysite.com, both pointing to my static Bitnami IP. I also have a subdomain mapped to another directory that is working just fine (conference.mysite.com and www.conference.mysite.com). I'm using a Bitnami stack on an AWS EC2 micro instance. Here is my httpd.conf: ServerRoot "/opt/bitnami/apache2" Listen 80 LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so blah blah blah.... LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so <IfModule !mpm_netware_module> <IfModule !mpm_winnt_module> User daemon Group daemon </IfModule> </IfModule> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName localhost:80 DocumentRoot "/opt/bitnami/apps/wordpress1/htdocs/" <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> <Directory "/opt/bitnami/apps/wordpress1/htdocs/"> Options Indexes MultiViews +FollowSymLinks LanguagePriority en AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.html index.php </IfModule> <FilesMatch "^\\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </FilesMatch> ErrorLog "logs/error_log" LogLevel warn <IfModule log_config_module> LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \\"%r\\" %>s %b \\"%{Referer}i\\" \\"%{User-Agent}i\\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \\"%r\\" %>s %b" common <IfModule logio_module> LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \\"%r\\" %>s %b \\"%{Referer}i\\" \\"%{User-Agent}i\\" %I %O" combinedio </IfModule> CustomLog "logs/access_log" common </IfModule> <IfModule alias_module> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/opt/bitnami/apache2/cgi-bin/" </IfModule> <Directory "/opt/bitnami/apache2/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> DefaultType text/plain <IfModule mime_module> TypesConfig conf/mime.types AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz </IfModule> Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf <IfModule ssl_module> SSLRandomSeed startup builtin SSLRandomSeed connect builtin </IfModule> AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so WSGIPythonHome /opt/bitnami/python ServerSignature Off ServerTokens Prod AddType application/x-httpd-php .php PHPIniDir "/opt/bitnami/php/etc" Include "/opt/bitnami/apps/phpmyadmin/conf/phpmyadmin.conf" ExtendedStatus On <Location /server-status> SetHandler server-status Order Deny,Allow Deny from all Allow from localhost </Location> Include "/opt/bitnami/apache2/conf/bitnami/httpd.conf" Include "/opt/bitnami/apps/virtualhost.conf" Here is my virtual hosts file: NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin xx DocumentRoot "/opt/bitnami/apps/wordpress1/htdocs" ServerName mbird.com ServerAlias www.mbird.com ErrorLog "logs/wordpress-error_log" CustomLog "logs/wordpress-access_log" common </VirtualHost> <Directory "/opt/bitnami/apps/wordpress1/htdocs"> Options Indexes MultiViews +FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ### WordPress conference.mbird.com configuration ### <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/opt/bitnami/apps/wordpress/htdocs" ServerName conference.mbird.com ServerAlias www.conference.mbird.com ErrorLog "logs/confwordpress-error_log" CustomLog "logs/confwordpress-access_log" common </VirtualHost> <Directory "/opt/bitnami/apps/wordpress/htdocs"> Options Indexes MultiViews +FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ###

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• nginx + php-fpm cycle redirection error on linode new vps

  - by chifliiiii

  I'm new to nginx, and I'm trying to make my first server run. I followed this guide as I'm trying to use it for a multisite wordpress site. After installing everything, I get a 500 Internal server error. If I check logs, I see this: 012/09/27 08:55:54 [error] 11565#0: *8 rewrite or internal redirection cycle while internally redirecting to "/index.html", client: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, server: localhost, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "www.mydomain.com" 2012/09/27 08:59:32 [error] 11618#0: *1 rewrite or internal redirection cycle while internally redirecting to "/index.html", client: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpmyadmin HTTP/1.1", host: "www.mydomain.com" My conf files are the following: nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/mydomain.com server { listen 80 default_server; server_name mydomain.com *.mydomain.com; root /srv/www/aciup.com/public; access_log /srv/www/mydomain.com/log/access.log; error_log /srv/www/mydomain.com/log/error.log; location / { index index.php; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } # Add trailing slash to */wp-admin requests. rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent; # Directives to send expires headers and turn off 404 error logging. location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ { expires 24h; log_not_found off; } # this prevents hidden files (beginning with a period) from being served location ~ /\. { access_log off; log_not_found off; deny all; } # Pass uploaded files to wp-includes/ms-files.php. rewrite /files/$ /index.php last; if ($uri !~ wp-content/plugins) { rewrite /files/(.+)$ /wp-includes/ms-files.php?file=$1 last; } # Rewrite multisite '.../wp-.*' and '.../*.php'. if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^/[_0-9a-zA-Z-]+(/wp-.*) $1 last; rewrite ^/[_0-9a-zA-Z-]+.*(/wp-admin/.*\.php)$ $1 last; rewrite ^/[_0-9a-zA-Z-]+(/.*\.php)$ $1 last; } location ~ \.php$ { client_max_body_size 25M; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } } nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf user www-data; worker_processes 4; worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 2048; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 5; tcp_nodelay on; server_tokens off; gzip on; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } Any help will be appreciated.

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• PASS: Bylaw Change 2013

  - by Bill Graziano

  PASS launched a Global Growth Initiative in the Summer of 2011 with the appointment of three international Board advisors.  Since then we’ve thought and talked extensively about how we make PASS more relevant to our members outside the US and Canada.  We’ve collected much of that discussion in our Global Growth site.  You can find vision documents, plans, governance proposals, feedback sites, and transcripts of Twitter chats and town hall meetings.  We also address these plans at the Board Q&A during the 2012 Summit. One of the biggest changes coming out of this process is around how we elect Board members.  And that requires a change to the bylaws.  We published the proposed bylaw changes as a red-lined document so you can clearly see the changes.  Our goal in these bylaw changes was to address the changes required by the global growth initiatives, conduct a legal review of the document and address other minor issues in the document.  There are numerous small wording changes throughout the document.  For example, we replaced every reference of “The Corporation” with the word “PASS” so it now reads “PASS is organized…”. Board Composition The biggest change in these bylaw changes is how the Board is composed and elected.  This discussion starts in section VI.2.  This section now says that some elected directors will come from geographic regions.  I think this is the best way to make sure we give all of our members a voice in the leadership of the organization.  The key parts of this section are: The remaining Directors (i.e. the non-Officer Directors and non-Vendor Appointed Directors) shall be elected by the voting membership (“Elected Directors”). Elected Directors shall include representatives of defined PASS regions (“Regions”) as set forth below (“Regional Directors”) and at minimum one (1) additional Director-at-Large whose selection is not limited by region. Regional Directors shall include, but are not limited to, two (2) seats for the Region covering Canada and the United States of America. Additional Regions for the purpose of electing additional Regional Directors and additional Director-at-Large seats for the purpose of expanding the Board shall be defined by a majority vote of the current Board of Directors and must be established prior to the public call for nominations in the general election. Previously defined Regions and seats approved by the Board of Directors shall remain in effect and can only be modified by a 2/3 majority vote by the then current Board of Directors. Currently PASS has six At-Large Directors elected by the members.  These changes allow for a Regional Director position that is elected by the members but must come from a particular region.  It also stipulates that there must always be at least one Director-at-Large who can come from any region. We also understand that PASS is currently a very US-centric organization.  Our Summit is held in America, roughly half our chapters are in the US and Canada and most of the Board members over the last ten years have come from America.  We wanted to reflect that by making sure that our US and Canadian volunteers would continue to play a significant role by ensuring that two Regional seats are reserved specifically for Canada and the US. Other than that, the bylaws don’t create any specific regional seats.  These rules allow us to create Regional Director seats but don’t require it.  We haven’t fully discussed what the criteria will be in order for a region to have a seat designated for it or how many regions there will be.  In our discussions we’ve broadly discussed regions for United States and Canada Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) Australia, New Zealand and Asia (also known as Asia Pacific or APAC) Mexico, South America, and Central America (LATAM) As you can see, our thinking is that there will be a few large regions.  I’ve also considered a non-North America region that we can gradually split into the regions above as our membership grows in those areas.  The regions will be defined by a policy document that will be published prior to the elections. I’m hoping that over the next year we can begin to publish more of what we do as Board-approved policy documents. While the bylaws only require a single non-region specific At-large Director, I would expect we would always have two.  That way we can have one in each election.  I think it’s important that we always have one seat open that anyone who is eligible to run for the Board can contest.  The Board is required to have any regions defined prior to the start of the election process. Board Elections – Regional Seats We spent a lot of time discussing how the elections would work for these Regional Director seats.  Ultimately we decided that the simplest solution is that every PASS member should vote for every open seat.  Section VIII.3 reads: Candidates who are eligible (i.e. eligible to serve in such capacity subject to the criteria set forth herein or adopted by the Board of Directors) shall be designated to fill open Board seats in the following order of priority on the basis of total votes received: (i) full term Regional Director seats, (ii) full term Director-at-Large seats, (iii) not full term (vacated) Regional Director seats, (iv) not full term (vacated) Director-at-Large seats. For the purposes of clarity, because of eligibility requirements, it is contemplated that the candidates designated to the open Board seats may not receive more votes than certain other candidates who are not selected to the Board. We debated whether to have multiple ballots or one single ballot.  Multiple ballot elections get complicated quickly.  Let’s say we have a ballot for US/Canada and one for Region 2.  After that we’d need a mechanism to merge those two together and come up with the winner of the at-large seat or have another election for the at-large position.  We think the best way to do this is a single ballot and putting the highest vote getters into the most restrictive seats.  Let’s look at an example: There are seats open for Region 1, Region 2 and at-large.  The election results are as follows: Candidate A (eligible for Region 1) – 550 votes Candidate B (eligible for Region 1) – 525 votes Candidate C (eligible for Region 1) – 475 votes Candidate D (eligible for Region 2) – 125 votes Candidate E (eligible for Region 2) – 75 votes In this case, Candidate A is the winner for Region 1 and is assigned that seat.  Candidate D is the winner for Region 2 and is assigned that seat.  The at-large seat is filled by the high remaining vote getter which is Candidate B. The key point to understand is that we may have a situation where a person with a lower vote total is elected to a regional seat and a person with a higher vote total is excluded.  This will be true whether we had multiple ballots or a single ballot.  Board Elections – Vacant Seats The other change to the election process is for vacant Board seats.  The actual changes are sprinkled throughout the document. Previously we didn’t have a mechanism that allowed for an election of a Board seat that we knew would be vacant in the future.  The most common case is when a Board members moves to an Officer role in the middle of their term.  One of the key changes is to allow the number of votes members have to match the number of open seats.  This allows each voter to express their preference on all open seats.  This only applies when we know about the opening prior to the call for nominations.  This all means that if there’s a seat will be open at the start of the next Board term, and we know about it prior to the call for nominations, we can include that seat in the elections.  Ultimately, the aim is to have PASS members decide who sits on the Board in as many situations as possible. We discussed the option of changing the bylaws to just take next highest vote-getter in all other cases.  I think that’s wrong for the following reasons: All voters aren’t able to express an opinion on all candidates.  If there are five people running for three seats, you can only vote for three.  You have no way to express your preference between #4 and #5. Different candidates may have different information about the number of seats available.  A person may learn that a Board member plans to resign at the end of the year prior to that information being made public. They may understand that the top four vote getters will end up on the Board while the rest of the members believe there are only three openings.  This may affect someone’s decision to run.  I don’t think this creates a transparent, fair election. Board members may use their knowledge of the election results to decide whether to remain on the Board or not.  Admittedly this one is unlikely but I don’t want to create a situation where this accusation can be leveled. I think the majority of vacancies in the future will be handled through elections.  The bylaw section quoted above also indicates that partial term vacancies will be filled after the full term seats are filled. Removing Directors Section VI.7 on removing directors has always had a clause that allowed members to remove an elected director.  We also had a clause that allowed appointed directors to be removed.  We added a clause that allows the Board to remove for cause any director with a 2/3 majority vote.  The updated text reads: Any Director may be removed for cause by a 2/3 majority vote of the Board of Directors whenever in its judgment the best interests of PASS would be served thereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the authority of any Director to act as in an official capacity as a Director or Officer of PASS may be suspended by the Board of Directors for cause. Cause for suspension or removal of a Director shall include but not be limited to failure to meet any Board-approved performance expectations or the presence of a reason for suspension or dismissal as listed in Addendum B of these Bylaws. The first paragraph is updated and the second and third are unchanged (except cleaning up language).  If you scroll down and look at Addendum B of these bylaws you find the following: Cause for suspension or dismissal of a member of the Board of Directors may include: Inability to attend Board meetings on a regular basis. Inability or unwillingness to act in a capacity designated by the Board of Directors. Failure to fulfill the responsibilities of the office. Inability to represent the Region elected to represent Failure to act in a manner consistent with PASS's Bylaws and/or policies. Misrepresentation of responsibility and/or authority. Misrepresentation of PASS. Unresolved conflict of interests with Board responsibilities. Breach of confidentiality. The bold line about your inability to represent your region is what we added to the bylaws in this revision.  We also added a clause to section VII.3 allowing the Board to remove an officer.  That clause is much less restrictive.  It doesn’t require cause and only requires a simple majority. The Board of Directors may remove any Officer whenever in their judgment the best interests of PASS shall be served by such removal. Other There are numerous other small changes throughout the document. Proxy voting.  The laws around how members and Board members proxy votes are specific in Illinois law.  PASS is an Illinois corporation and is subject to Illinois laws.  We changed section IV.5 to come into compliance with those laws.  Specifically this says you can only vote through a proxy if you have a written proxy through your authorized attorney.  English language proficiency.  As we increase our global footprint we come across more members that aren’t native English speakers.  The business of PASS is conducted in English and it’s important that our Board members speak English.  If we get big enough to afford translators, we may be able to relax this but right now we need English language skills for effective Board members. Committees.  The language around committees in section IX is old and dated.  Our lawyers advised us to clean it up.  This section specifically applies to any committees that the Board may form outside of portfolios.  We removed the term limits, quorum and vacancies clause.  We don’t currently have any committees that this would apply to.  The Nominating Committee is covered elsewhere in the bylaws. Electronic Votes.  The change allows the Board to vote via email but the results must be unanimous.  This is to conform with Illinois state law. Immediate Past President.  There was no mechanism to fill the IPP role if an outgoing President chose not to participate.  We changed section VII.8 to allow the Board to invite any previous President to fill the role by majority vote. Nominations Committee.  We’ve opened the language to allow for the transparent election of the Nominations Committee as outlined by the 2011 Election Review Committee. Revocation of Charters. The language surrounding the revocation of charters for local groups was flagged by the lawyers. We have allowed for the local user group to make all necessary payment before considering returning of items to PASS if required. Bylaw notification. We’ve spent countless meetings working on these bylaws with the intent to not open them again any time in the near future. Should the bylaws be opened again, we have included a clause ensuring that the PASS membership is involved. I’m proud that the Board has remained committed to transparency and accountability to members. This clause will require that same level of commitment in the future even when all the current Board members have rolled off. I think that covers everything.  I’d encourage you to look through the red-line document and see the changes.  It’s helpful to look at the language that’s being removed and the language that’s being added.  I’m happy to answer any questions here or you can email them to [email protected].

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• /usr/bin/sshd isn't linked against PAM on one of my systems. What is wrong and how can I fix it?

  - by marc.riera

  Hi, I'm using AD as my user account server with ldap. Most of the servers run with UsePam yes except this one, it has lack of pam support on sshd. root@linserv9:~# ldd /usr/sbin/sshd linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff621fe000) libutil.so.1 => /lib/libutil.so.1 (0x00007fd759d0b000) libz.so.1 => /usr/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00007fd759af4000) libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x00007fd7598db000) libcrypto.so.0.9.8 => /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 (0x00007fd75955b000) libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007fd759323000) libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00007fd758fc1000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fd758dbd000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fd759f0e000) I have this packages installed root@linserv9:~# dpkg -l|grep -E 'pam|ssh' ii denyhosts 2.6-2.1 an utility to help sys admins thwart ssh hac ii libpam-modules 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Pluggable Authentication Modules for PAM ii libpam-runtime 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Runtime support for the PAM library ii libpam-ssh 1.91.0-9.2 enable SSO behavior for ssh and pam ii libpam0g 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Pluggable Authentication Modules library ii libpam0g-dev 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Development files for PAM ii openssh-blacklist 0.1-1ubuntu0.8.04.1 list of blacklisted OpenSSH RSA and DSA keys ii openssh-client 1:4.7p1-8ubuntu1.2 secure shell client, an rlogin/rsh/rcp repla ii openssh-server 1:4.7p1-8ubuntu1.2 secure shell server, an rshd replacement ii quest-openssh 5.2p1_q13-1 Secure shell root@linserv9:~# What I'm doing wrong? thanks. Edit: root@linserv9:~# cat /etc/pam.d/sshd # PAM configuration for the Secure Shell service # Read environment variables from /etc/environment and # /etc/security/pam_env.conf. auth required pam_env.so # [1] # In Debian 4.0 (etch), locale-related environment variables were moved to # /etc/default/locale, so read that as well. auth required pam_env.so envfile=/etc/default/locale # Standard Un*x authentication. @include common-auth # Disallow non-root logins when /etc/nologin exists. account required pam_nologin.so # Uncomment and edit /etc/security/access.conf if you need to set complex # access limits that are hard to express in sshd_config. # account required pam_access.so # Standard Un*x authorization. @include common-account # Standard Un*x session setup and teardown. @include common-session # Print the message of the day upon successful login. session optional pam_motd.so # [1] # Print the status of the user's mailbox upon successful login. session optional pam_mail.so standard noenv # [1] # Set up user limits from /etc/security/limits.conf. session required pam_limits.so # Set up SELinux capabilities (need modified pam) # session required pam_selinux.so multiple # Standard Un*x password updating. @include common-password Edit2: UsePAM yes fails With this configuration ssh fails to start : root@linserv9:/home/admmarc# cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config |grep -vE "^[ \t]*$|^#" Port 22 Protocol 2 ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes UsePAM yes Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/sftp-server root@linserv9:/home/admmarc# The error it gives is as follows root@linserv9:/home/admmarc# /etc/init.d/ssh start * Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server sshd /etc/ssh/sshd_config: line 75: Bad configuration option: UsePAM /etc/ssh/sshd_config: terminating, 1 bad configuration options ...fail! root@linserv9:/home/admmarc#

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• Samba with Active Directory - shares are readonly, NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED

  - by froh42

  I've set a samba server that seems to work, all shares are seemingly exported as readonly, however. The machine is called "lx". When I'm on lx I can run the following command: froh@lx:~$ smbclient //lx/export -UAdministrator Enter Administrator's password: Domain=[CUSTOMER] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.5.4] smb: \> mkdir wrzlbrmpf NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED making remote directory \wrzlbrmpf smb: \> ls . D 0 Fri Dec 3 19:04:20 2010 .. D 0 Sun Nov 28 01:32:37 2010 zork D 0 Fri Dec 3 18:53:33 2010 bar D 0 Sun Nov 28 23:52:43 2010 ork 1 Fri Dec 3 18:53:02 2010 foo 1 Sun Nov 28 23:52:41 2010 gaga D 0 Fri Dec 3 19:04:20 2010 How can I troubleshoot this? What I did: First I set up a fresh install of Ubuntu 10.10 x64. Second I got kerberos working with the following krb5.conf file: [libdefaults] ticket_lifetime = 24000 clock_skew = 300 default_realm = CUSTOMER.LOCAL [realms] CUSTOMER.LOCAL = { kdc = SB4.customer.local:88 admin_server = SB4.customer.local:464 default_domain = CUSTOMER.LOCAL } [domain_realm] .customer.local = CUSTOMER.LOCAL customer.local = CUSTOMER.LOCAL #[login] # krb4_convert = true # krb4_get_tickets = false I also added winbind to group, passwd and shadow in nsswitch.conf. Seemingly Kerberos works: root@lx:~# net ads testjoin Join is OK root@lx:~# wbinfo -a 'Administrator%MYSECRETPASSWORD' plaintext password authentication succeeded challenge/response password authentication succeeded wbinfo -u and wbinfo -g also spit out a list of users and a list of groups respectiveley. I noted that domain accounts did NOT include a domain and they are in german (as on the SBS 2003 that is the domain server). So I get a "Domänenbenutzer" in wbinfo -u's output not a "CUSTOMER+Domain User" or something similar. I'm not sure anymore what I did to the PAM configuration, but here is what I currently have: root@lx:/etc/pam.d# cat samba @include common-auth @include common-account @include common-session-noninteractive root@lx:/etc/pam.d# grep -ve '^#' common-auth auth [success=3 default=ignore] pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_winbind.so krb5_auth krb5_ccache_type=FILE cached_login try_first_pass auth requisite pam_deny.so auth required pam_permit.so root@lx:/etc/pam.d# grep -ve '^#' common-account account [success=2 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_unix.so account [success=1 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_winbind.so account requisite pam_deny.so account required pam_permit.so account required pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 root@lx:/etc/pam.d# grep -ve '^#' common-session-noninteractive session [default=1] pam_permit.so session requisite pam_deny.so session required pam_permit.so session optional pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 session required pam_unix.so session optional pam_winbind.so At some point I joined the linux box into the AD domain. After (manually) creating a home directory on the linux box I can log in using the Adminstrator user with the password taken from AD. Now I run samba with the following setup: [global] netbios name = LX realm = CUSTOMER.LOCAL workgroup = CUSTOMER security = ADS encrypt passwords = yes password server = 192.168.20.244 #IP des Domain Controllers os level = 0 socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=16384 SO_SNDBUF=16384 idmap uid = 10000-20000 idmap gid = 10000-20000 winbind enum users = Yes winbind enum groups = Yes preferred master = no winbind separator = + dns proxy = no wins proxy = no # client NTLMv2 auth = Yes log level = 2 logfile = /var/log/samba/log.smbd.%U template homedir = /home/%U template shell = /bin/bash [export] path = /mnt/sdc1/export read only = No public = Yes Currently I don't care whether export is exported to everyone or just one user, I want to see somebody WRITING to that directory before I start fiddling with the authentication settings. (Who may access it). As mentioned, accessing the share from smbclient results in this NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED . Accessing it from windows shows ACLs that look correct (The user may write) - but it does not work, I can only read files not write. The directory to be exported looks like this: root@lx:/etc/pam.d# ls -ld /mnt/ drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 2010-11-28 01:29 /mnt/ root@lx:/etc/pam.d# ls -ld /mnt/sdc1/ drwxr-xr-x 4 froh froh 4096 2010-11-28 01:32 /mnt/sdc1/ root@lx:/etc/pam.d# ls -ld /mnt/sdc1/export/ drwxrwxrwx+ 5 administrator domänen-admins 4096 2010-12-03 19:04 /mnt/sdc1/export/ root@lx:/etc/pam.d# getfacl /mnt/ getfacl: Entferne führende '/' von absoluten Pfadnamen # file: mnt/ # owner: root # group: root user::rwx group::r-x other::r-x root@lx:/etc/pam.d# getfacl /mnt/sdc1/ getfacl: Entferne führende '/' von absoluten Pfadnamen # file: mnt/sdc1/ # owner: froh # group: froh user::rwx group::r-x other::r-x root@lx:/etc/pam.d# getfacl /mnt/sdc1/export/ getfacl: Entferne führende '/' von absoluten Pfadnamen # file: mnt/sdc1/export/ # owner: administrator # group: domänen-admins user::rwx group::rwx group:domänen-admins:rwx mask::rwx other::rwx default:user::rwx default:group::rwx default:group:domänen-admins:rwx default:mask::rwx default:other::rwx My, oh my what am I overlooking? What am I to blind to see?

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• Samba with Active Directory - shares are readonly, NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED

  - by froh42

  I've set a samba server that seems to work, all shares are seemingly exported as readonly, however. The machine is called "lx". When I'm on lx I can run the following command: froh@lx:~$ smbclient //lx/export -UAdministrator Enter Administrator's password: Domain=[CUSTOMER] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.5.4] smb: \> mkdir wrzlbrmpf NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED making remote directory \wrzlbrmpf smb: \> ls . D 0 Fri Dec 3 19:04:20 2010 .. D 0 Sun Nov 28 01:32:37 2010 zork D 0 Fri Dec 3 18:53:33 2010 bar D 0 Sun Nov 28 23:52:43 2010 ork 1 Fri Dec 3 18:53:02 2010 foo 1 Sun Nov 28 23:52:41 2010 gaga D 0 Fri Dec 3 19:04:20 2010 How can I troubleshoot this? What I did: First I set up a fresh install of Ubuntu 10.10 x64. Second I got kerberos working with the following krb5.conf file: [libdefaults] ticket_lifetime = 24000 clock_skew = 300 default_realm = CUSTOMER.LOCAL [realms] CUSTOMER.LOCAL = { kdc = SB4.customer.local:88 admin_server = SB4.customer.local:464 default_domain = CUSTOMER.LOCAL } [domain_realm] .customer.local = CUSTOMER.LOCAL customer.local = CUSTOMER.LOCAL #[login] # krb4_convert = true # krb4_get_tickets = false I also added winbind to group, passwd and shadow in nsswitch.conf. Seemingly Kerberos works: root@lx:~# net ads testjoin Join is OK root@lx:~# wbinfo -a 'Administrator%MYSECRETPASSWORD' plaintext password authentication succeeded challenge/response password authentication succeeded wbinfo -u and wbinfo -g also spit out a list of users and a list of groups respectiveley. I noted that domain accounts did NOT include a domain and they are in german (as on the SBS 2003 that is the domain server). So I get a "Domänenbenutzer" in wbinfo -u's output not a "CUSTOMER+Domain User" or something similar. I'm not sure anymore what I did to the PAM configuration, but here is what I currently have: root@lx:/etc/pam.d# cat samba @include common-auth @include common-account @include common-session-noninteractive root@lx:/etc/pam.d# grep -ve '^#' common-auth auth [success=3 default=ignore] pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_winbind.so krb5_auth krb5_ccache_type=FILE cached_login try_first_pass auth requisite pam_deny.so auth required pam_permit.so root@lx:/etc/pam.d# grep -ve '^#' common-account account [success=2 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_unix.so account [success=1 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_winbind.so account requisite pam_deny.so account required pam_permit.so account required pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 root@lx:/etc/pam.d# grep -ve '^#' common-session-noninteractive session [default=1] pam_permit.so session requisite pam_deny.so session required pam_permit.so session optional pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 session required pam_unix.so session optional pam_winbind.so At some point I joined the linux box into the AD domain. After (manually) creating a home directory on the linux box I can log in using the Adminstrator user with the password taken from AD. Now I run samba with the following setup: [global] netbios name = LX realm = CUSTOMER.LOCAL workgroup = CUSTOMER security = ADS encrypt passwords = yes password server = 192.168.20.244 #IP des Domain Controllers os level = 0 socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=16384 SO_SNDBUF=16384 idmap uid = 10000-20000 idmap gid = 10000-20000 winbind enum users = Yes winbind enum groups = Yes preferred master = no winbind separator = + dns proxy = no wins proxy = no # client NTLMv2 auth = Yes log level = 2 logfile = /var/log/samba/log.smbd.%U template homedir = /home/%U template shell = /bin/bash [export] path = /mnt/sdc1/export read only = No public = Yes Currently I don't care whether export is exported to everyone or just one user, I want to see somebody WRITING to that directory before I start fiddling with the authentication settings. (Who may access it). As mentioned, accessing the share from smbclient results in this NT_STATUS_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED . Accessing it from windows shows ACLs that look correct (The user may write) - but it does not work, I can only read files not write. The directory to be exported looks like this: root@lx:/etc/pam.d# ls -ld /mnt/ drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 2010-11-28 01:29 /mnt/ root@lx:/etc/pam.d# ls -ld /mnt/sdc1/ drwxr-xr-x 4 froh froh 4096 2010-11-28 01:32 /mnt/sdc1/ root@lx:/etc/pam.d# ls -ld /mnt/sdc1/export/ drwxrwxrwx+ 5 administrator domänen-admins 4096 2010-12-03 19:04 /mnt/sdc1/export/ root@lx:/etc/pam.d# getfacl /mnt/ getfacl: Entferne führende '/' von absoluten Pfadnamen # file: mnt/ # owner: root # group: root user::rwx group::r-x other::r-x root@lx:/etc/pam.d# getfacl /mnt/sdc1/ getfacl: Entferne führende '/' von absoluten Pfadnamen # file: mnt/sdc1/ # owner: froh # group: froh user::rwx group::r-x other::r-x root@lx:/etc/pam.d# getfacl /mnt/sdc1/export/ getfacl: Entferne führende '/' von absoluten Pfadnamen # file: mnt/sdc1/export/ # owner: administrator # group: domänen-admins user::rwx group::rwx group:domänen-admins:rwx mask::rwx other::rwx default:user::rwx default:group::rwx default:group:domänen-admins:rwx default:mask::rwx default:other::rwx My, oh my what am I overlooking? What am I to blind to see?

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• can't access nginx server from IP

  - by EquinoX

  So 2 days ago I can see that page where it saya "Welcome to nginx", however as of now when I tried to access it, it says 404 page not found... Why is this? Inside my sites-enabled folder I have a file named default and it has the following: # You may add here your # server { # ... # } # statements for each of your virtual hosts server { listen 80; server_name 127.0.0.1; access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access.log; location / { root /var/www/nginx-default; index index.html index.htm; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex on; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /var/www/nginx-default; #} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { #proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/nginx-default$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { #listen 8000; #listen somename:8080; #server_name somename alias another.alias; #location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; #} #} # HTTPS server # #server { #listen 443; #server_name localhost; #ssl on; #ssl_certificate cert.pem; #ssl_certificate_key cert.key; #ssl_session_timeout 5m; #ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; #ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; #ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; #location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; #} #} Here's my nginx.conf file: user www-data; worker_processes 4; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; # multi_accept on; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } # mail { # # See sample authentication script at: # # http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript # # # auth_http localhost/auth.php; # # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER"; # # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS"; # # server { # listen localhost:110; # protocol pop3; # proxy on; # } # # server { # listen localhost:143; # protocol imap; # proxy on; # } # } What am I doing wrong here? I have other virtual host setup in the sites-enabled as well... UPDATE: The server_name directives are: -admin.api.frapi -api.frapi -default -example.com -php.example.com

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• Juggling with JDKs on Apple OS X

  - by Blueberry Coder

  I recently got a shiny new MacBook Pro to help me support our ADF Mobile customers. It is really a wonderful piece of hardware, although I am still adjusting to Apple's peculiar keyboard layout. Did you know, for example, that the « delete » key actually performs a « backspace »? But I disgress... As you may know, ADF Mobile development still requires JDeveloper 11gR2, which in turn runs on Java 6. On the other hand, JDeveloper 12c needs JDK 7. I wanted to install both versions, and wasn't sure how to do it.   If you remember, I explained in a previous blog entry how to install JDeveloper 11gR2 on Apple's OS X. The trick was to use the /usr/libexec/java_home command in order to invoke the proper JDK. In this case, I could have done the same thing; the two JDKs can coexist without any problems, since they install in completely different locations. But I wanted more than just installing JDeveloper. I wanted to be able to select my JDK when using the command line as well. On Windows, this is easy, since I keep all my JDKs in a central location. I simply have to move to the appropriate folder or type the folder name in the command I want to execute. Problem is, on OS X, the paths to the JDKs are... let's say convoluted.  Here is the one for Java 6. /System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home The Java 7 path is not better, just different. /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_45.jdk/Contents/Home Intuitive, isn't it? Clearly, I needed something better... On OS X, the default command shell is bash. It is possible to configure the shell environment by creating a file named « .profile » in a user's home folder. Thus, I created such a file and put the following inside: export JAVA_7_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v1.7) export JAVA_6_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v1.6) export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_7_HOME alias java6='export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_6_HOME' alias java7='export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_7_HOME'  The first two lines retrieve the current paths for Java 7 and Java 6 and store them in two environment variables. The third line marks Java 7 as the default. The last two lines create command aliases. Thus, when I type java6, the value for JAVA_HOME is set to JAVA_6_HOME, for example.  I now have an environment which works even better than the one I have on Windows, since I can change my active JDK on a whim. Here a sample, fresh from my terminal window. fdesbien-mac:~ fdesbien$ java6 fdesbien-mac:~ fdesbien$ java -version java version "1.6.0_65" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_65-b14-462-11M4609) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.65-b04-462, mixed mode) fdesbien-mac:~ fdesbien$ fdesbien-mac:~ fdesbien$ java7 fdesbien-mac:~ fdesbien$ java -version java version "1.7.0_45" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_45-b18) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.45-b08, mixed mode) fdesbien-mac:~ fdesbien$ Et voilà! Maximum flexibility without downsides, just I like it. 

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• Procedual level generation for a platformer game (tilebased) using player physics

  - by Notbad

  I have been searching for information about how to build a 2d world generator (tilebased) for a platformer game I am developing. The levels should look like dungeons with a ceiling and a floor and they will have a high probability of being just made of horizontal rooms but sometimes they can have exits to a top/down room. Here is an example of what I would like to achieve. I'm refering only to the caves part. I know level design won't be that great when generated but I think it is possible to have something good enough for people to enjoy the procedural maps (Note: Supermetrod Spoiler!): http://www.snesmaps.com/maps/SuperMetroid/SuperMetroidMapNorfair.html Well, after spending some time thinking about this I have some ideas to create the maps that I would like to share with you: 1) I have read about celular automatas and I would like to use them to carve the rooms but instead of carving just a tile at once I would like to carve full columns of tiles. Of course this carving system will have some restrictions like how many tiles must be left for the roof and the ceiling, etc... This way I could get much cleaner rooms than using the ussual automata. 2) I want some branching into the rooms. It will have little probability to happen but I definitely want it. Thinking about carving I came to the conclusion that I could be using some sort of path creation algorithm that the carving system would follow to create a path in the rooms. This could be more noticiable if we make the carving system to carve columns with the height of a corridor or with the height of a wide room (this will be added to the system as a param). This way at some point I could spawn a new automa beside the main one to create braches. This new automata should play side by side with the first one to create dead ends, islands (both paths created by the automatas meet at some point or lead to the same room. It would be too long to explain here all the tests I have done, etc... just will try to summarize the problems to see if anyone could bring some light to solve them (I don't mind sharing my successes but I think they aren't too relevant): 1) Zone reachability: How can I make sure that the player will be able to reach all zones I created (mainly when branches happen or vertical rooms are created). When branches are created I have to make sure that there will be a way to get onto the new created branch. I mean a bifurcation that the player could follow. Player will follow the main path or jump to a platform to get onto the other way). On the other hand if an island is created by the meeting of both branches I need to make sure the player will be able to get onto the island too. 2) When a branch is created and corridors are generated for each branch how can I make then both merge or repel to create an island or just make them separated corridors. 3) When I create a branch and an island is created becasue both corridors merge at somepoint or they lead to the same room, is there any way to detect this and randomize where to create the needed platforms to get onto the created isle? This platforms could be created at the start of the island or at the end. I guess part of the problem could be solved using some sort of graph following the created paths but I'm a bit lost in this sea of precedural content creation :). On the other hand I don't expect a solution to the problem but some information to get me moving forward again. Thanks in advance.

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• cPickle ImportError: No module named multiarray

  - by Rafal

  Hello, I'm using cPickle to save my Database into file. The code looks like that: def Save_DataBase(): import cPickle from scipy import * from numpy import * a=Results.VersionName #filename='D:/results/'+a[a.find('/')+1:-a.find('/')-2]+Results.AssType[:3]+str(random.randint(0,100))+Results.Distribution+".lft" filename='D:/results/pppp.lft' plik=open(filename,'w') DataOutput=[[[DataBase.Arrays.Nodes,DataBase.Arrays.Links,DataBase.Arrays.Turns,DataBase.Arrays.Connectors,DataBase.Arrays.Zones], [DataBase.Nodes.Data,DataBase.Links.Data,DataBase.Turns.Data,DataBase.OrigConnectors.Data,DataBase.DestConnectors.Data,DataBase.Zones.Data], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Links.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryPy2Vis], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Links.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryVis2Py], [DataBase.Paths.List]],[Results.VersionName,Results.noZones,Results.noNodes,Results.noLinks,Results.noTurns,Results.noTrips, Results.Times.VersionLoad,Results.Times.GetData,Results.Times.GetCoords,Results.Times.CrossTheTime,Results.Times.Plot_Cylinder, Results.AssType,Results.AssParam,Results.tStart,Results.tEnd,Results.Distribution,Results.tVector]] cPickle.dump(DataOutput, plik, protocol=0) plik.close()` And it works fine. Most of my Database rows are lists of a lists, vecor-like, or array-like data sets. But now when I input data, an error occurs: def Load_DataBase(): import cPickle from scipy import * from numpy import * filename='D:/results/pppp.lft' plik= open(filename, 'rb') """ first cPickle load approach """ A= cPickle.load(plik) """ fail """ """ Another approach - data format exact as in Output step above , also fails""" [[[DataBase.Arrays.Nodes,DataBase.Arrays.Links,DataBase.Arrays.Turns,DataBase.Arrays.Connectors,DataBase.Arrays.Zones], [DataBase.Nodes.Data,DataBase.Links.Data,DataBase.Turns.Data,DataBase.OrigConnectors.Data,DataBase.DestConnectors.Data,DataBase.Zones.Data], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Links.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryPy2Vis,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryPy2Vis], [DataBase.Nodes.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Links.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Turns.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.OrigConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.DestConnectors.DictionaryVis2Py,DataBase.Zones.DictionaryVis2Py], [DataBase.Paths.List]],[Results.VersionName,Results.noZones,Results.noNodes,Results.noLinks,Results.noTurns,Results.noTrips, Results.Times.VersionLoad,Results.Times.GetData,Results.Times.GetCoords,Results.Times.CrossTheTime,Results.Times.Plot_Cylinder, Results.AssType,Results.AssParam,Results.tStart,Results.tEnd,Results.Distribution,Results.tVector]]= cPickle.load(plik)` Error is (in both cases): A= cPickle.load(plik) ImportError: No module named multiarray Any Ideas? PS.

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• SQLite Step Failed: attempt to write a readonly database , using wrapper

  - by user271753

  I keep getting an error "SQLite Step Failed: attempt to write a readonly database" when using this code to copy a database: -(void)createEditableCopyOfDatabaseIfNeeded { // Testing for existence BOOL success; NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; NSError *error; NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; NSString *writableDBPath = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Money.sqlite"]; success = [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:writableDBPath]; if (success) return; // The writable database does not exist, so copy the default to // the appropriate location. NSString *defaultDBPath = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Money.sqlite"]; success = [fileManager copyItemAtPath:defaultDBPath toPath:writableDBPath error:&error]; if(!success) { NSAssert1(0,@"Failed to create writable database file with Message : '%@'.", [error localizedDescription]); } } I am using the above code in AppDelegate and this: NSString *writableDBPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"Money" ofType:@"sqlite"]; In ViewController.m I am using http://th30z.netsons.org/2008/11/objective-c-sqlite-wrapper/ what am I doing wrong? This is happening again and again... It was working fine before but again the problem started.

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• Installing The ruby-gmail rubygem on Mac OS Snow Leopard

  - by johnnygoodman

  I'm working off these instructions: http://github.com/dcparker/ruby-gmail From the home directory I do a standard install and good stuff happens: Johnny-Goodmans-MacBook-Pro:gmail johnnygoodman$ sudo gem install ruby-gmail Successfully installed ruby-gmail-0.2.1 1 gem installed Installing ri documentation for ruby-gmail-0.2.1... Installing RDoc documentation for ruby-gmail-0.2.1... I head over to my ~/www dir where I run scripts that include other rubygems successfully and create a gmail directory. I create a script that includes rubygems and gmail, but does nothing else: Johnny-Goodmans-MacBook-Pro:gmail johnnygoodman$ pwd /Users/johnnygoodman/www/gmail Johnny-Goodmans-MacBook-Pro:gmail johnnygoodman$ ls test-send.rb Johnny-Goodmans-MacBook-Pro:gmail johnnygoodman$ cat test-send.rb require 'rubygems' require 'gmail' I run this script and the errors begin: Johnny-Goodmans-MacBook-Pro:gmail johnnygoodman$ ruby test-send.rb /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- mime/message (LoadError) from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/ruby-gmail-0.2.1/lib/gmail/message.rb:1 from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require' from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/ruby-gmail-0.2.1/lib/gmail.rb:168 from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' from test-send.rb:2 Johnny-Goodmans-MacBook-Pro:gmail johnnygoodman$ Here's my gem env: Johnny-Goodmans-MacBook-Pro:gmail johnnygoodman$ gem environment RubyGems Environment: - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 1.3.7 - RUBY VERSION: 1.8.7 (2009-06-08 patchlevel 173) [universal-darwin10.0] - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8 - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/bin - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS: - ruby - universal-darwin-10 - GEM PATHS: - /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8 - /Users/johnnygoodman/.gem/ruby/1.8 - /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8 - GEM CONFIGURATION: - :update_sources => true - :verbose => true - :benchmark => false - :backtrace => false - :bulk_threshold => 1000 - :sources => ["http://rubygems.org/", "http://gems.github.com"] - REMOTE SOURCES: - http://rubygems.org/ - http://gems.github.com The path that the errors give when I run the script is not the same as the GEM PATHS given in the env output. However, I don't know how to make them match or if that's the significant thing here.

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• Is there a perfect algorithm for chess?

  - by Overflown

  Dear Stack Overflow community, I was recently in a discussion with a non-coder person on the possibilities of chess computers. I'm not well versed in theory, but think I know enough. I argued that there could not exist a deterministic Turing machine that always won or stalemated at chess. I think that, even if you search the entire space of all combinations of player1/2 moves, the single move that the computer decides upon at each step is based on a heuristic. Being based on a heuristic, it does not necessarily beat ALL of the moves that the opponent could do. My friend thought, to the contrary, that a computer would always win or tie if it never made a "mistake" move (however do you define that?). However, being a programmer who has taken CS, I know that even your good choices - given a wise opponent - can force you to make "mistake" moves in the end. Even if you know everything, your next move is greedy in matching a heuristic. Most chess computers try to match a possible end game to the game in progress, which is essentially a dynamic programming traceback. Again, the endgame in question is avoidable though. -- thanks, Allan Edit: Hmm... looks like I ruffled some feathers here. That's good. Thinking about it again, it seems like there is no theoretical problem with solving a finite game like chess. I would argue that chess is a bit more complicated than checkers in that a win is not necessarily by numerical exhaustion of pieces, but by a mate. My original assertion is probably wrong, but then again I think I've pointed out something that is not yet satisfactorily proven (formally). I guess my thought experiment was that whenever a branch in the tree is taken, then the algorithm (or memorized paths) must find a path to a mate (without getting mated) for any possible branch on the opponent moves. After the discussion, I will buy that given more memory than we can possibly dream of, all these paths could be found.

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