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  • Caching DNS server (bind9.2) CPU usage is so so so high.

    - by Gk
    Hi, I have a caching-only dns server which get ~3k queries per second. Here is specs: Xeon dual-core 2,8GHz 4GB of RAM Centos 5x (kernel 2.6.18-164.15.1.el5PAE) bind 9.4.2 rndc status: recursive clients: 666/4900/5000 About 300 new queries (not in cache) per second. Bind always uses 100% on one core on single-thread config. After I recompiled it to multi-thread, it uses nearly 200% on two core :( No iowait, only sys and user. I searched around but didn't see any info about how bind use CPU. Why does it become bottleneck? One more thing, here is RAM usage: cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 4147876 kB MemFree: 1863972 kB Buffers: 143632 kB Cached: 372792 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 1916804 kB Inactive: 276056 kB I've set max-cache-size to 0 to make sure bind can use as much RAM as it want, but it always stop at ~2GB. Since every second we got not cached queries so theoretically RAM must be exhausted but it wasn't. Do you have any idea? TIA, -Gk

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  • How to get Atheros ar242x wireless adapter working under Debian Linux?

    - by Mark
    Does anybody know how to get the Atheros ar242x wireless adapter working under Debian Linux (5.0.2 and/or 5.0.3)? My Debian live CDs and install CDs both don't like this card at all. Curisouly, it seems to work on other, Debian-based, Linuxes. Is this a free/non-free Driver issue? I know Debian gets mardy about that. Although for what it's worth, the Live CD doesn't seem to detect my wired LAN connection either... Specifically this is on a Samsung R610 laptop (some version of which seem to have an intel wireless adapter - this one definitely doesn't!) I've tried all sorts of things but obviously on a live CD installing software is limited. I've also tinkerering with network config files and kernel modules etc but to no avail.

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  • buggy mouse click after a while

    - by sputnick
    The cursor of my mouse is moving as well on my twin view, but after a WHILE, or if I start kde with runlevels (I don't know why, but startx works better) I can't click anything. I have had replaced the mouse with another one, but it's the same problem, so it's not a hardware problem. The problem occurs both with gnome and kde. My config : PC Dell Optiplex 780 archlinux x86_64 (up to date) xf86-input-evdev 2.6.0-4 xorg-server 1.11.2-2 kernel linux-3.1.1-1-ARCH My Xorg log doesn't contains "EE" string for errors. Any clue ?

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  • Windows 7 Locking up Randomly

    - by Michael Moore
    I've got a Windows 7 machine that is locking up randomly. It can be in the first thirty seconds, or it can be hours later. There is nothing specific I can find that is running when it happens. When it locks, the screen doesn't change, but nothing moves. The waiting icon stops, the mouse stops, keyboard doesn't work, etc. I've even tried the crash on ctrl-scrl registry hack, and it won't even dump the kernel. I've run hardware diagnostics on the RAM and it doesn't find any problems. I would think it is a hardware issue, but on this exact same machine, I can run 64 Bit Ubuntu and it has zero problems. I've even tried reinstalling Windows7 from scratch, and it still happens. Anyone have any ideas? Any good diagnostic tools to recommend? Thanks! Michael

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  • Understanding top output in Linux

    - by Rayne
    Hi, I'm trying to determine the CPU usage of a program by looking at the output from Top in Linux. I understand that %us means userspace and %sy means system/kernel etc. But say I see 100%us. Does this mean that the CPU is really only doing useful work? What if a CPU is tied up waiting for resources that are not avaliable, or cache misses, would it also show up in the %us column, or any other column? Thank you.

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  • Is there a stable Linux distro using btrfs?

    - by chrish
    I'm a big fan of ZFS on FreeBSD (I've been using it on my home server since before it got stable; bleeding edge, baby!) and I'd like to try out btrfs to see how that's evolving. Since it's still largely in development, none of the usual mainstream distros have btrfs as an option. I haven't used Linux in a bunch of years, so I don't really know what my best options are for giving btrfs a try. Requirements: easy to install btrfs supported without requiring me to rebuild the kernel Thanks!

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  • Ubuntu displaying GDM but no login

    - by Shawn
    Ubuntu (Wubi, Lucid Lynx) boots and shows the login screen itself with the background and plays the boot sound but a list of users is never displayed. A mouse is on screen and I can move it but, alas, it does nothing. Dropping to a virtual term with CTRL+Alt+F# drops me to a cursor but I can't actually input anything. I can't boot into single-user with GRUB since it's Wubi and it never specifies a boot kernel directly in GRUB's initial menu.lst (only in files that it then reads from). Other details that may be helpful: Single monitor Same video card that's been working for months No new hardware Edit: I ssh'd in since it evidently booted up the sshd which is handy. dpkg-reconfigure gdm didn't do anything helpful. I do, however, get a "no seat-id found" when manually running it.

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  • Using physical disk with VMware Workstation

    - by chx
    I am using VMware Workstation 9.0 under Windows 7 and trying to load my Linux from Physicaldisk0. And it boots, grub sees the two partitions on the disk (I checked in command line) and the kernel and the initrd loads and then it stops saying "device not found"and drops me into an emergency shell. Indeed there is absolutely nothing in /dev not the /sda device it expects not /hda nothing that looks like a disk. Edit: I can boot the Linux disk just fine if I boot it from BIOS and not as a VM. Edit2: The question is, how can I make this setup work?

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  • google sitemap generator installation selinux

    - by adnan
    when i trying to install google sitemap generator i received this error Change security context of to system_u:object_r:httpd_modules_t install: WARNING: ignoring --context (-Z); this kernel is not SELinux-enabled Program files successfully copied. ./install.sh: line 488: 14284 Segmentation fault "$DEST_DIR/$BIN_DIR/$DAEMON_BIN" update_setting $update_setting_flags "apache_conf=$APACHE_CONF" "apache_group=$APACHE_GROUP" > /dev/null after choosing the submiting file settings i tried to unistall it & excute this getenforce try again but the same problem when i enter this dir /etc/sysconfig/selinux. it is not contain the selinux file my os centos 6 X86_64

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  • udhcpc doesn't assign ip address

    - by Diab
    i have a board running linux 2.6.28 and i have one Ethernet interface (eth0) i want dhcp to assign dynamic ip to this interface. i have busybox with udhcpc in the file system and the kernel has the "Pack Socket" enabled so i copied the scripts from "busybox-1.14.1/examples/udhcp" to my board on "/etc/udhcpc/" (i created this directory) and when i run : ifconfig eth0 up the interface is up but without ip address, then running udhcpc -i eth0 -s /etc/udhcpc/sample.script i get the following: note : sample.script contains : "exec /etc/udhcpc/sample.$1" # udhcpc -i eth0 -s /etc/udhcpc/sample.script udhcpc (v1.14.1) started Sending discover... Sending select for 192.168.10.198... Lease of 192.168.10.198 obtained, lease time 691200 but when i check with ifconfig i can see that it didn't assign the ip address to eth0. anyone have an idea why udhcpc didn't assign the ip ? Thanx

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  • Task Manager does not show memory usage

    - by Robin
    I just noticed this yesterday. I selected different memory columns, none of them worked, and I've tried showing processes from all users. I'm using Win 7. It doesn't slow down my computer or does anything else. I just want to know why and how to fix it. Could anyone help me on this? Thank you cannot post pix :( it is like this: only shows K, without actual number Image Name--------User Name----CPU----Memory (Private Working Set)------Description System -----------SYSTEM ------01-------------------------------K-------NT Kernel &system Smss.exe--------- SYSTEM -----00-------------------------------K-------Win Session Manager Wininit.exe------ SYSTEM ------00-------------------------------K-------Win Start-up Applic It's pretty much the same as http://www.sevenforums.com/general-discussion/56891-my-task-manager-doesnt-show-ram-usage-each-program.html that is the only one i found on google.

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  • Amazon EC2, fastest way to get a node into an existing cluster

    - by imaginative
    I'm new to Amazon AWS. A lot of the time I hear about people folks spawning instances and almost instantly putting them behind a load balancer and into an existing cluster. In the traditional world of managed machines, this would include provisioning hardware, installing an OS, configuring the network on the machine and once the network is available, use a tool of your choice such as CFengine, Puppet or Chef to bootstrap the machine based on its class. It seems like there are "shortcuts" that are able to get a server of a particular class up and running in Amazon EC2. If I have a particular stack running on my server, such as erlang, tomcat6 etc.. what's the fastest way to get these up and running and hooked into Amazon's load balancer? From network, to software stack to kernel tuning? Is it a combination of creating an AMI then running a tool like Puppet against the new instance? Any idea

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  • How to install Mac OS X Snow Leopard server on any virtual machine with DMG?

    - by Eonil
    I'm trying to install Mac OS X Snow Leopard Server on VirtualBox. I know this is duplicated question, however another questions have no fine answer. I'm trying to install on VirtualBox on iMac. So this is pretty legal. But the problem is I want to install with DMG image. Because installing DVD drive is too slow, and I have to install Mac OS X many times. And taking DVD disc from box is annoying too. But VirtualBox fails installing. It couldn't load kernel. It installs well with DVDs. Is there any way to do this? I'm considering using other VM solutions like Parallels or VMWare if they can support install from DMG images well. If you know about them certainly, please let me know.

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  • Should I upgrade my LinkSys WRT54GL firmware?

    - by Reid
    I have a LinkSys WRT54GL v1.1 which currently has stock firmware version 4.30.7. I see that version 4.30.14 is available. The router works fine now, and the release notes look uninteresting except for one line in v4.30.9: "Resolves issue with Linux kernel vulnerability". I have remote management turned off. I'm aware of the 3rd-party firmwares but the stock firmware works fine for me at the moment, so I don't have an interest in those. Is the status quo fine or should I upgrade the firmware? (It's a bit of a pain since the config has to be saved and reloaded, and obviously any mucking with firmware is risky.)

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  • Make GRUB automatically boot Ubuntu

    - by Matt Robertson
    I am running a dual-boot with Ubuntu (10.10) and Windows 7. Recently I edited my /boot/grub/grub.cfg file to only show one version of Ubuntu (as opposed to several kernel versions) and Windows, simply by commenting out all other menu entries. My question is if I can edit GRUB to just boot a specific entry automatically. I tried removing all other menu entries, but GRUB still showed the menu with only one entry. I've also considered just setting the timeout to either 0 or 1 second, as this would basically achieve the same thing. What is the best way to do this?

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  • cannot access new drive through nfs

    - by l.thee.a
    I am running nfs-kernel-server to access my files on my linux machine(ubuntu - /share). The disk I have been using is full. So I have added a new disk and mounted it to /share/data. My other pc mounts the /share folder to /mnt/nfs; but cannot see the contents of /mnt/nfs/data. I have tried adding /share/data to /etc/exports, but it did not help. What do I do? PS: I am looking for another solution than explicitly mounting /share/data on the second drive.

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  • Hyper-V Ubuntu 10.04, Filesystem suddenly becomes Read-Only?

    - by Daniel Upton
    We are running a Ubuntu 10.04 VM on a Hyper-V system, The VM is dedicated to running one of our web applications. We have enabled the Hyper-V drivers in /etc/initramfs-tools/modules like so: hv_vmbus hv_storvsc hv_blkvsc hv_netvsc And updated the kernel image like so: $ update-initramfs -u And all was good... until.. This morning i got a support request that our web application was throwing an error 500, so i checked the logs and nothing was there. Then I remembered that I had seen this on another of our ubuntu servers so I... $ touch foo.txt And my suspicions were confirmed: touch: cannot touch `foo.txt': Read-only file system Why is the filesystem randomly becoming readonly? Is this only in Ubuntu on HV? Is it a problem on RedHat or Cent?

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  • Kickstart virtual console: No 'Shell prompt' at Alt-F2

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    I am installing Scientific Linux 6.1 via kickstart, and I am trying to debug a problem. According to Tips and tricks for anaconda and kickstart, I should have several virtual consoles available: What the different terminals display Alt-F1 The installation dialog when using text or cmdline Alt-F2 A shell prompt Alt-F3 The install log displaying messages from install program Alt-F4 The system log displaying messages from kernel, etc. Alt-F5 All other messages Alt-F7 The installation dialog when using the graphical installer The Virtual Consoles Alt-F1, F3, F4 & F5 all work and show various logging information. However, the Virtual Console at Alt-F2 does not do anything. I could really use access to the shell prompt (Alt-F2), however there is no Shell prompt available at the second virtual console (Alt-F2). All I have is a blinking '_'. Can I forge Alt-F2 to show me a shell prompt?

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  • Sending UDP/514 data magically appears in syslog without rsyslog running

    - by ale
    I’m using a programming language without a library to log to rsyslog over UDP. I thought I was going to need to write a library but I discovered something weird. If I send data on UDP/514 with the port open on the server then the data appears in the server’s syslog. rsyslogd isn’t running so syslog isn’t doing this. Data doesn’t get formatted into a syslog message so rsyslogd really isn’t doing this (only raw text enters syslog). Linux must see the data coming in on this port and know that it should go into /var/log/messages? If I do the same on another port (e.g. UDP/515) then nothing appears in the log! What is doing this? Some CentOS feature? The kernel?

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  • OpenVPN and PPTP on XEN VPS

    - by amiv
    I have Debian based system (Ubuntu 11.10) on XEN VPS. I've installed OpenVPN and works great. I need to install PPTP too, so did it and clients can connect, but they have no internet on client side. If I connect to VPN over PPTP I can ping and access to only my VPS by its IP, but ony that. There's no "internet" on client side. It looks it's not DNS problems (I'm using 8.8.8.8) because I can't ping known IPs. I bet the solution is simple, but don't have any idea. Any guess? /etc/pptpd.conf option /etc/ppp/pptpd-options logwtmp localip 46.38.xx.xx remoteip 10.1.0.1-10 /etc/ppp/pptpd-options name pptpd refuse-pap refuse-chap refuse-mschap require-mschap-v2 require-mppe-128 ms-dns 8.8.8.8 ms-dns 8.8.4.4 proxyarp nodefaultroute lock nobsdcomp /etc/ppp/ip-up [...] ifconfig ppp0 mtu 1400 /etc/sysctl.conf [...] net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 Command which I run: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j SNAT --to-source 46.38.xx.xx (IP of my VPS) The client can connect, first one gets IP 10.1.0.1 and DNS from Google. I bet it's iptables problem, am I right? I'm iptables noob and I don't have idea what's wrong. And here's the ifconfig and route command before client connect via PPTP: root@vps3780:~# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default xx.xx.tel.ru 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 46.38.xx.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 root@vps3780:~# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:56:xx:xx inet addr:46.38.xx.xx Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::216:xx:xx:dfb6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:22671 errors:0 dropped:81 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2266 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1813358 (1.8 MB) TX bytes:667626 (667.6 KB) Interrupt:24 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:100 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:100 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:10778 (10.7 KB) TX bytes:10778 (10.7 KB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.8.0.1 P-t-P:10.8.0.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:602 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:612 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:90850 (90.8 KB) TX bytes:418904 (418.9 KB) And here's the ifconfig and route command after client connect via PPTP: root@vps3780:~# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default xx.xx.tel.ru 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0 10.1.0.1 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 46.38.xx.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 root@vps3780:~# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:56:xx:xx inet addr:46.38.xx.xx Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::216:xx:xx:dfb6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:22989 errors:0 dropped:82 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2352 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1841310 (1.8 MB) TX bytes:678456 (678.4 KB) Interrupt:24 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:112 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:112 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:12102 (12.1 KB) TX bytes:12102 (12.1 KB) ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:46.38.xx.xx P-t-P:10.1.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1400 Metric:1 RX packets:66 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:15 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:10028 (10.0 KB) TX bytes:660 (660.0 B) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.8.0.1 P-t-P:10.8.0.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:602 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:612 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:90850 (90.8 KB) TX bytes:418904 (418.9 KB) And ugly iptables --list output: root@vps3780:~# iptables --list Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 anywhere REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable ACCEPT all -- 10.1.0.0/24 anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.1.0.0/24 anywhere REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 anywhere REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable And ugly iptables -t nat -L output: root@vps3780:~# iptables -t nat -L Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination SNAT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 anywhere to:46.38.xx.xx MASQUERADE all -- 10.1.0.0/24 anywhere SNAT all -- 10.1.0.0/24 anywhere to:46.38.xx.xx SNAT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 anywhere to:46.38.xx.xx SNAT all -- 10.1.0.0/24 anywhere to:46.38.xx.xx MASQUERADE all -- anywhere anywhere SNAT all -- anywhere anywhere to:46.38.xx.xx SNAT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 anywhere to:46.38.xx.xx MASQUERADE all -- anywhere anywhere MASQUERADE all -- 10.1.0.0/24 anywhere MASQUERADE all -- anywhere anywhere MASQUERADE all -- 10.1.0.0/24 anywhere As I said - OpenVPN works very good. 10.8.0.0/24 for OpenVPN (on tun0). PPTP won't work. 10.1.0.0/24 for PPTP (on ppp0). Clients can connect, but they haven't "internet". Any suggestions will be appreciated. Second whole day fighting with no results. EDIT: iptables -t filter -F - it resolved my problem :-)

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  • Xenserver boot error

    - by Adrian
    I'm trying to get Xenserver 5.5 running on a spare computer here, hardware specs: Intel Q6600, 4GB Ram, and Gigabyte GA-P35-DS3R motherboard Xenserver itself installs fine onto a 150GB sata hdd, however it fails to boot whatsoever, giving this garbled mess: http://img697.imageshack.us/img697/9918/biosi.jpg it's not frozen because if I press enter it just prints a different garble and it also says "could not find kernel image". The strangest thing is if I put that hdd in my desktop and assign it to a VMWare desktop vm (under the ESX profile no less) it boots perfectly... leading me to believe there are no problems with the install or the hdd itself. From what I can tell the error seems to be occuring completely seperately to Xenserver, in the bootloader extlinux?. If there was a motherboard compatibility issue I would think it would also have manifested during installation, and the fact the problem seems to be with the booting into Xen makes me doubt this. Any ideas guys? (I'm using Xen because it can do PCI passthrough without VT-d.)

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  • Howto boot directly into a VirtualBox image?

    - by mawimawi
    I have a running setup as following: Native OS: Windows 7 64bit, 3 Partitions: c: (System) d: (FAT32, here is my vdi file) e: (unformatted) VirtualBox: Fedora 14 running off the vdi file on drive d. Usually this setup is great for me, but sometimes I'd like to run Linux natively, and not inside VirtualBox. Is there a way to boot directly into the vdi file without the Windows overhead? E.g. using a USB stick with some modified Linux Kernel / GRUB that can mount the vdi file directly as "/"? Or copy the contents of my vdi file to the empty partition and somehow use this from VirtualBox (when booting into Windows) AND directly booting into Linux? Hope to get some hints or even howtos.

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  • Howto boot directly into a VirtualBox image?

    - by mawimawi
    I have a running setup as following: Native OS: Windows 7 64bit, 3 Partitions: c: (System) d: (FAT32, here is my vdi file) e: (unformatted) VirtualBox: Fedora 14 running off the vdi file on drive d. Usually this setup is great for me, but sometimes I'd like to run Linux natively, and not inside VirtualBox. Is there a way to boot directly into the vdi file without the Windows overhead? E.g. using a USB stick with some modified Linux Kernel / GRUB that can mount the vdi file directly as "/"? Or copy the contents of my vdi file to the empty partition and somehow use this from VirtualBox (when booting into Windows) AND directly booting into Linux? Hope to get some hints or even howtos. EDIT: yes, sorry. not programming related. I posted the question to serverfault.com (hopefully that's the better site for my question.)

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  • Full HD video playback acceleration with mplayer on Ubuntu Lucid

    - by pts
    I know that for an NVidia card I can sudo apt-get install nvidia-current mplayer, reboot, and then use mplayer -vo vdpau -vc ffmpeg12vdpau,ffwmv3vdpau,ffvc1vdpau,ffh264vdpau FILE.mkv to get accelerated video playback of H.264 and other codecs, so even full HD videos can be played back with only little CPU. (And there are many other options, e.g. XBMC also supports VDPAU.) But how do I get accelerated video playback if I have a recent ATI or Intel video card on Ubuntu Lucid? How do I figure out if my video card has acceleration built in? The solution has to work with mplayer or mplayer2. It's OK for me to recompile mplayer(2), but I'd prefer installing both the kernel and the X.org X server from a binary package repository.

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  • How can I create an encrypted, bootable thumbdrive containing Linux?

    - by Hanno Fietz
    I want to have a bootable flash drive that's fully encrypted. I have not tested, but seem to like, TrueCrypt, which provides a fully encrypted system and has lots of other features I like (for instance, hidden volumes). Unfortunately, it seems, system encryption is only supported for Windows, although I'm not sure why. The crux here, I guess, is that you need a boot loader that is capable of asking for your password and decrypt the disk, at least the part that contains kernel and initrd. An alternative might be to have an unencrypted boot partition containing a more powerful system which will decrypt and mount the main partition. However, this brings up the question of whether you're introducing data leaks. Depending on the specific scenario, I may lack the experience to assess if this is a problem. So I'd strongly prefer a fully encrypted disk or a similarly straightforward alternative.

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