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• Managing server instance identity on EC2

  - by kikibobo

  I recently brought up a cluster on EC2, and I felt like I had to invent a lot of things. I'm wondering what kinds of tools, patterns, ideas are out there for how to deal with this. Some context: I had 3 different kinds of servers, so first I created AMIs for each of them. The first AMI had zookeeper, so step one in deploying the system was to get the zookeeper server running. My script then made a note of the mapping between EC2's completely arbitrary and unpredictable hostnames, and the zookeeper server. Then as I brought up new instances of the other 2 kinds of servers, the first thing I would do is ssh to the new server, and add the zookeeper server to its /etc/hosts file. Then as the server software on each instance starts up, it can find zookeeper. Obviously this is a problem that lots of people have to solve, and it probably works a little bit differently in different clouds. Are there products that address this concept? I was pretty surprised that EC2 didn't provide some kind of way to tie your own name to its name. Thanks for any ideas.

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• method works fine, until it is called in a function, then UnboundLocalError

  - by user1776100

  I define a method called dist, to calculate the distance between two points which I does it correctly when directly using the method. However, when I get a function to call it to calculate the distance between two points, I get UnboundLocalError: local variable 'minkowski_distance' referenced before assignment edit sorry, I just realised, this function does work. However I have another method calling it that doesn't. I put the last method at the bottom This is the method: class MinkowskiDistance(Distance): def __init__(self, dist_funct_name_str = 'Minkowski distance', p=2): self.p = p def dist(self, obj_a, obj_b): distance_to_power_p=0 p=self.p for i in range(len(obj_a)): distance_to_power_p += abs((obj_a[i]-obj_b[i]))**(p) minkowski_distance = (distance_to_power_p)**(1/p) return minkowski_distance and this is the function: (it basically splits the tuples x and y into their number and string components and calculates the distance between the numeric part of x and y and then the distance between the string parts, then adds them. def total_dist(x, y, p=2, q=2): jacard = QGramDistance(q=q) minkowski = MinkowskiDistance(p=p) x_num = [] x_str = [] y_num = [] y_str = [] #I am spliting each vector into its numerical parts and its string parts so that the distances #of each part can be found, then summed together. for i in range(len(x)): if type(x[i]) == float or type(x[i]) == int: x_num.append(x[i]) y_num.append(y[i]) else: x_str.append(x[i]) y_str.append(y[i]) num_dist = minkowski.dist(x_num,y_num) str_dist = I find using some more steps #I am simply adding the two types of distance to get the total distance: return num_dist + str_dist class NearestNeighbourClustering(Clustering): def __init__(self, data_file, clust_algo_name_str='', strip_header = "no", remove = -1): self.data_file= data_file self.header_strip = strip_header self.remove_column = remove def run_clustering(self, max_dist, p=2, q=2): K = {} #dictionary of clusters data_points = self.read_data_file() K[0]=[data_points[0]] k=0 #I added the first point in the data to the 0th cluster #k = number of clusters minus 1 n = len(data_points) for i in range(1,n): data_point_in_a_cluster = "no" for c in range(k+1): distances_from_i = [total_dist(data_points[i],K[c][j], p=p, q=q) for j in range(len(K[c]))] d = min(distances_from_i) if d <= max_dist: K[c].append(data_points[i]) data_point_in_a_cluster = "yes" if data_point_in_a_cluster == "no": k += 1 K[k]=[data_points[i]] return K

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• System Account Logon Failures ever 30 seconds

  - by floyd

  We have two Windows 2008 R2 SP1 servers running in a SQL failover cluster. On one of them we are getting the following events in the security log every 30 seconds. The parts that are blank are actually blank. Has anyone seen similar issues, or assist in tracking down the cause of these events? No other event logs show anything relevant that I can tell. Log Name: Security Source: Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing Date: 10/17/2012 10:02:04 PM Event ID: 4625 Task Category: Logon Level: Information Keywords: Audit Failure User: N/A Computer: SERVERNAME.domainname.local Description: An account failed to log on. Subject: Security ID: SYSTEM Account Name: SERVERNAME$ Account Domain: DOMAINNAME Logon ID: 0x3e7 Logon Type: 3 Account For Which Logon Failed: Security ID: NULL SID Account Name: Account Domain: Failure Information: Failure Reason: Unknown user name or bad password. Status: 0xc000006d Sub Status: 0xc0000064 Process Information: Caller Process ID: 0x238 Caller Process Name: C:\Windows\System32\lsass.exe Network Information: Workstation Name: SERVERNAME Source Network Address: - Source Port: - Detailed Authentication Information: Logon Process: Schannel Authentication Package: Kerberos Transited Services: - Package Name (NTLM only): - Key Length: 0 Second event which follows every one of the above events Log Name: Security Source: Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing Date: 10/17/2012 10:02:04 PM Event ID: 4625 Task Category: Logon Level: Information Keywords: Audit Failure User: N/A Computer: SERVERNAME.domainname.local Description: An account failed to log on. Subject: Security ID: NULL SID Account Name: - Account Domain: - Logon ID: 0x0 Logon Type: 3 Account For Which Logon Failed: Security ID: NULL SID Account Name: Account Domain: Failure Information: Failure Reason: An Error occured during Logon. Status: 0xc000006d Sub Status: 0x80090325 Process Information: Caller Process ID: 0x0 Caller Process Name: - Network Information: Workstation Name: - Source Network Address: - Source Port: - Detailed Authentication Information: Logon Process: Schannel Authentication Package: Microsoft Unified Security Protocol Provider Transited Services: - Package Name (NTLM only): - Key Length: 0 EDIT UPDATE: I have a bit more information to add. I installed Network Monitor on this machine and did a filter for Kerberos traffic and found the following which corresponds to the timestamps in the security audit log. A Kerberos AS_Request Cname: CN=SQLInstanceName Realm:domain.local Sname krbtgt/domain.local Reply from DC: KRB_ERROR: KDC_ERR_C_PRINCIPAL_UNKOWN I then checked the security audit logs of the DC which responded and found the following: A Kerberos authentication ticket (TGT) was requested. Account Information: Account Name: X509N:<S>CN=SQLInstanceName Supplied Realm Name: domain.local User ID: NULL SID Service Information: Service Name: krbtgt/domain.local Service ID: NULL SID Network Information: Client Address: ::ffff:10.240.42.101 Client Port: 58207 Additional Information: Ticket Options: 0x40810010 Result Code: 0x6 Ticket Encryption Type: 0xffffffff Pre-Authentication Type: - Certificate Information: Certificate Issuer Name: Certificate Serial Number: Certificate Thumbprint: So appears to be related to a certificate installed on the SQL machine, still dont have any clue why or whats wrong with said certificate. It's not expired etc.

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• Handling bounced email when using a postfix smarthost

  - by Mark Rose

  I'm running a high availability cluster, and so far, most things work great. I have two external machines that act as outgoing mail hosts (smarthosts). The internal hosts are configured to relay all email through these two external facing hosts. My smarthosts' main.cf looks like this: myhostname = lb1.example.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases mydestination = lb1.example.com, localhost relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 10.1.248.0/24 My internal hosts' main.cf looks like this: mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 myhostname = web1.example.com mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost relayhost = [10.1.248.3] smtp_fallback_relay = [10.1.248.2] lb1's internal IP is 10.1.248.2, and lb2's internal IP is 10.1.248.3. On the external hosts, email for root and www-data is forwarded to [email protected] with /etc/aliases. One advantage to using the smarthost setup is that spam filters and the like can connect back to the sending sending server. All email is sent fine, and headers look like this: Received: from lb2.example.com ([198.51.100.3]) by mx.google.com with ESMTP id y17si1571259icb.76.2011.01.13.18.20.32; Thu, 13 Jan 2011 18:20:32 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: neutral (google.com: 198.51.100.3 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) client-ip=198.51.100.3; Received: from db1.example.com (unknown [10.1.248.20]) by lb2.example.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id D364823C0BE for <[email protected]>; Thu, 13 Jan 2011 21:20:31 -0500 (EST) Received: by db1.example.com (Postfix) id C9FA7760D6A; Thu, 13 Jan 2011 21:20:31 -0500 (EST) Delivered-To: www-data@localhost Received: by db1.example.com (Postfix, from userid 0) id C1632760D6C; Thu, 13 Jan 2011 21:20:31 -0500 (EST) The problem is bounced/reject email. The external machine tries to forward the email back to the internal machine, e.g. www-data on web1 sending an email that bounces (such as a user signing up with a bad email address). An additional complication is using Google mail for the main example.com domain. In lieu of specifying every internal host in the external hosts' mydestination, is there a better way of setting things up, keeping in mind I can't adjust touch the mx for example.com?

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• vSphere Client vCenter Template Customization Specification Using Windows Sysprep Unattended Answer XML File

  - by Brian

  I'm trying to setup a vSphere Client vCenter v5.0.0 Build 455964 Template Customization Specification using a Windows Sysprep unattended answer XML file for Win2008R2. However I didn't know how Sysprep worked before attempting this so it was a time-consuming nightmare (even after reviewing VMware vSphere ESXi 5's documentation)! I think I've figure out what I'm supposed to be doing, but it's still not working. The biggest problem at this point is that vSphere Client vCenter Customization Specification IP address information is not sticking when I load a Sysprep XML file with just 1 basic setting! This can only be a bug. Here is the process I'm using: PROCESS for Windows - vSphere Client Install Windows OS install VM Tools customize Windows (GPOs can be used to do this after deployment) install Applications (GPOs can be used to do this after deployment too) shutdown the VM convert the VM to a template create a custom Windows Sysprep XML answer file with desired customizations View Management Customization Specifications Manager create "New" Specification for "Target Virtual Machine OS" select Windows check "Use Custom Sysprep Answer File" (ADDS: Custom Sysprep File. KEEPS: Network (IP), Operating System Options (SID, Sysprep /generalize). REPLACES: Registration Information of Owner Name & Organization, Computer Name, Windows License (Key), Administrator Password, Time Zone, Run Once, Workgroup or Domain) name it as "VMwareCS-OS####R#x32/64w/Sysprep-TEST" (CS=Customization Specification) set Description as "Created YYYY/MM/DD by FLast" NEXT import a Sysprep answer file from secure location NEXT Custom settings NEXT click "..." box to right of "Use DHCP" set "Use the following IP settings:" for "IP Address" fill out the first 2 octets set appropriate values for other 2-3 fields set DNS server addresses OK NEXT check "Generate New Security ID (SID)" ALWAYS as template is likely a domain-member computer so it can be updated occasionally NEXT Finish View Inventory VMs and Templates right-click previously completed template Deploy Virtual Machine from this Template provide the new OS name (max15char) select inventory location NEXT select Host/Cluster (wait for validation to succeed) NEXT select Resource Pool (wait for validation to succeed) NEXT select Storage location NEXT check "Power on this virtual machine after creation" select "Customize using an existing customization specification" select desired specification select "Use the Customization Wizard to temporarily adjust the specification before deployment" NEXT NEXT Custom settings? NEXT check "Generate New Security ID (SID)" ALWAYS as template is likely a domain-member computer so it can be updated occasionally NEXT Finish Finish. I know a community member named "brian" (http://serverfault.com/users/25904/brian) has worked with this scenario before, but I couldn't figure out how to contact him directly, so Brian if you see this message could you provide some information to help? Thanks, Brian

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• DBD::Oracle and utf8

  - by golemwashere

  Hello, I have some troubles inserting an UTF8 string into an oracle 10 database on Solaris, using the latest DBD::Oracle on perl v5.8.4. This are my DB settings > --------SELECT * from NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS------------------------------- > NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16 > NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN > NLS_TERRITORY AMERICA NLS_CURRENCY $ > NLS_ISO_CURRENCY AMERICA > NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS ., > NLS_CHARACTERSET UTF8 > NLS_CALENDAR GREGORIAN > NLS_DATE_FORMAT DD-MON-RR > NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE AMERICAN > NLS_SORT BINARY > NLS_TIME_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM > NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR > HH.MI.SSXFF AM > NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR > NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT DD-MON-RR > HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY $ > NLS_COMP BINARY > NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS CHAR > NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP FALSE > NLS_RDBMS_VERSION 10.2.0.4.0 > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- This are my perl $dbh-ora_nls_parameters() $VAR1 = { 'NLS_LANGUAGE' => 'AMERICAN', 'NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT' => 'HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR', 'NLS_SORT' => 'BINARY', 'NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS' => '.,', 'NLS_TIME_FORMAT' => 'HH.MI.SSXFF AM', 'NLS_ISO_CURRENCY' => 'AMERICA', 'NLS_COMP' => 'BINARY', 'NLS_CALENDAR' => 'GREGORIAN', 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT' => 'DD-MON-RR', 'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE' => 'AMERICAN', 'NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT' => 'DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM', 'NLS_TERRITORY' => 'AMERICA', 'NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS' => 'CHAR', 'NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET' => 'AL16UTF16', 'NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY' => '$', 'NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT' => 'DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR', 'NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP' => 'FALSE', 'NLS_CHARACTERSET' => 'UTF8', 'NLS_CURRENCY' => '$' }; In my script I have: use utf-8; $ENV{NLS_LANG}='AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8'; .. $sth->bind_param(5, $myclobfield, {ora_type => ORA_CLOB, ora_csform => SQLCS_NCHAR}); .. The string prints out 1 on print Encode::is_utf8($myclobfield); But characters like òàè are not correctly inserted into the DB. (I tested with a utf8 compliant client that can correctly insert and read them) Can anyone suggest the best way to do it? Thanks

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• Iptables config breaks Java + Elastic Search communication

  - by Agustin Lopez

  I am trying to set up a firewall for a server hosting a java app and ES. Both are on the same server and communicate to each other. The problem I am having is that my firewall configuration prevents java from connecting to ES. Not sure why really.... I have tried lot of stuff like opening the port range 9200:9400 to the server ip without any luck but from what I know all communication inside the server should be allowed with this configuration. The idea is that ES should not be accessible from outside but it should be accessible from this java app and ES uses the port range 9200:9400. This is my iptables script: echo -e Deleting rules for INPUT chain iptables -F INPUT echo -e Deleting rules for OUTPUT chain iptables -F OUTPUT echo -e Deleting rules for FORWARD chain iptables -F FORWARD echo -e Setting by default the drop policy on each chain iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD DROP echo -e Open all ports from/to localhost iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT echo -e Open SSH port 22 with brute force security iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name SSH --rsource iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m recent --rcheck --seconds 30 --hitcount 4 --rttl --name SSH --rsource -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m recent --rcheck --seconds 30 --hitcount 3 --rttl --name SSH --rsource -j LOG --log-prefix "SSH brute force " iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m recent --update --seconds 30 --hitcount 3 --rttl --name SSH --rsource -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT echo -e Open NGINX port 80 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT echo -e Open NGINX SSL port 443 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT echo -e Enable DNS iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport 53 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --sport 53 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT And I get this in the java app when this config is in place: org.elasticsearch.cluster.block.ClusterBlockException: blocked by: [SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE/1/state not recovered / initialized];[SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE/2/no master]; at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:700) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403) Do any of you see any problem with this configuration and ES? Thanks in advance

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• MySQL: Pacemaker cannot start the failed master as a new slave?

  - by quanta

  I'm going to setup failover for MySQL replication (1 master and 1 slave) follow this guide: https://github.com/jayjanssen/Percona-Pacemaker-Resource-Agents/blob/master/doc/PRM-setup-guide.rst Here're the output of crm configure show: node serving-6192 \ attributes p_mysql_mysql_master_IP="192.168.6.192" node svr184R-638.localdomain \ attributes p_mysql_mysql_master_IP="192.168.6.38" primitive p_mysql ocf:percona:mysql \ params config="/etc/my.cnf" pid="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid" socket="/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock" replication_user="repl" replication_passwd="x" test_user="test_user" test_passwd="x" \ op monitor interval="5s" role="Master" OCF_CHECK_LEVEL="1" \ op monitor interval="2s" role="Slave" timeout="30s" OCF_CHECK_LEVEL="1" \ op start interval="0" timeout="120s" \ op stop interval="0" timeout="120s" primitive writer_vip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \ params ip="192.168.6.8" cidr_netmask="32" \ op monitor interval="10s" \ meta is-managed="true" ms ms_MySQL p_mysql \ meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true" globally-unique="false" target-role="Master" is-managed="true" colocation writer_vip_on_master inf: writer_vip ms_MySQL:Master order ms_MySQL_promote_before_vip inf: ms_MySQL:promote writer_vip:start property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \ dc-version="1.0.12-unknown" \ cluster-infrastructure="openais" \ expected-quorum-votes="2" \ no-quorum-policy="ignore" \ stonith-enabled="false" \ last-lrm-refresh="1341801689" property $id="mysql_replication" \ p_mysql_REPL_INFO="192.168.6.192|mysql-bin.000006|338" crm_mon: Last updated: Mon Jul 9 10:30:01 2012 Stack: openais Current DC: serving-6192 - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.12-unknown 2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes 2 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ serving-6192 svr184R-638.localdomain ] Master/Slave Set: ms_MySQL Masters: [ serving-6192 ] Slaves: [ svr184R-638.localdomain ] writer_vip (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started serving-6192 Editing /etc/my.cnf on the serving-6192 of wrong syntax to test failover and it's working fine: svr184R-638.localdomain being promoted to become the master writer_vip switch to svr184R-638.localdomain Current state: Last updated: Mon Jul 9 10:35:57 2012 Stack: openais Current DC: serving-6192 - partition with quorum Version: 1.0.12-unknown 2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes 2 Resources configured. ============ Online: [ serving-6192 svr184R-638.localdomain ] Master/Slave Set: ms_MySQL Masters: [ svr184R-638.localdomain ] Stopped: [ p_mysql:0 ] writer_vip (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started svr184R-638.localdomain Failed actions: p_mysql:0_monitor_5000 (node=serving-6192, call=15, rc=7, status=complete): not running p_mysql:0_demote_0 (node=serving-6192, call=22, rc=7, status=complete): not running p_mysql:0_start_0 (node=serving-6192, call=26, rc=-2, status=Timed Out): unknown exec error Remove the wrong syntax from /etc/my.cnf on serving-6192, and restart corosync, what I would like to see is serving-6192 was started as a new slave but it doesn't: Failed actions: p_mysql:0_start_0 (node=serving-6192, call=4, rc=1, status=complete): unknown error Here're snippet of the logs which I'm suspecting: Jul 09 10:46:32 serving-6192 lrmd: [7321]: info: rsc:p_mysql:0:4: start Jul 09 10:46:32 serving-6192 lrmd: [7321]: info: RA output: (p_mysql:0:start:stderr) Error performing operation: The object/attribute does not exist Jul 09 10:46:32 serving-6192 crm_attribute: [7420]: info: Invoked: /usr/sbin/crm_attribute -N serving-6192 -l reboot --name readable -v 0 The full logs: http://fpaste.org/AyOZ/ The strange thing is I can starting it manually: export OCF_ROOT=/usr/lib/ocf export OCF_RESKEY_config="/etc/my.cnf" export OCF_RESKEY_pid="/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid" export OCF_RESKEY_socket="/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock" export OCF_RESKEY_replication_user="repl" export OCF_RESKEY_replication_passwd="x" export OCF_RESKEY_test_user="test_user" export OCF_RESKEY_test_passwd="x" sh -x /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/percona/mysql start: http://fpaste.org/RVGh/ Did I make something wrong?

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• SQL Server High Availability - Mirroring with MSCS?

  - by David

  I'm looking at options for high-availability for my SQL Server-powered application. The requirements are: HA protection from storage failure. Data accessibility when one of the DB servers is undergoing software updates (e.g. planned outage for Windows Update / SQL Server service-packs). Must not involve much in the way of hardware procurement. The application is an ASP.NET web application. The web application's users have their own database instances. I've seen two main options: SQL Server failover clustering, and SQL Server mirroring. I understand that SQL Server Failover Clustering requires the purchasing of a shared disk array and doesn't offer any protection if the shared storage goes down (so the documentation recommends to set up a Mirroring between two clusters). Database Mirroring seems the cheaper option (as it only requires two database servers and a simple witness box) - but I've heard it doesn't work well when you have a large number of databases. The application I'm developing involves giving each client their own database for their application - there could be hundreds of databases. Setting up the mirroring is no problem thanks to the automation systems we have in place. My final point concerns how failover works with respect to client connections - SQL Server Failover Clustering uses MSCS which means that the cluster is invisible to clients - a connection attempt might fail during the failover, but a simple reconnect will have it working again. However mirroring, as far as I know, requires that the client be aware of the mirrored partners: if the client cannot connect to the primary server then it tries the secondary server. I'm wondering how this work with respect to Connection Pooling in ASP.NET applications - does the client connection failovering mean that there's a potential 2-second (assuming 2000ms TCP timeout policy) pause when the connection pool tries the primary server on every connection attempt? I read somewhere that Mirroring can be used on top of MSCS which means that the client does not need to be aware of mirroring (so there wouldn't be any potential delays during connection, and also that no changes would need to be made to the client, not even the connection string) - however I'm finding it hard to get documentation or white papers on this approach. But if true, then it means the best method is then Mirroring (for HA) with MSCS (for client ignorance and connection performance). ...but how does this scale to a server instance that might contain hundreds of mirrored databases?

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• Server load spikes several times a day, load average for the past month is 5 times the load average all year

  - by AMF

  My Munin notifications set up for our (Debian) LAMP cluster have been notifying me continuously that our load on our production machine has been at dangerous levels. While the average load all year typically runs between 2 and 8, the load in the past month and only the past month -- has been skyrocketing to 10, 18, and occasionally even 50-60. The spikes last only 5-10 minutes at a time and occur about every 2-3 hours. The spikes do not effect performance only because I have a script that sends traffic off our server to a mirror CDN when the load goes above 10. I've looked for cron jobs that correlate with this timeframe but there is nothing I can see that would cause this. Site traffic is also normal (we receive about 200K visits per day). I'm also trying to think of anything I've changed around the time this problem began, and I really cannot think of anything. This is probably not much to go on. Maybe there is a clue in the top print-out (below) that I'm not seeing. How do I proceed to find the cause? -- Typical top when the load is NOT spiking: top - 11:13:09 up 472 days, 25 min, 1 user, load average: 6.08, 4.29, 3.80 Tasks: 105 total, 1 running, 104 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 41.2%us, 5.8%sy, 0.0%ni, 49.5%id, 2.7%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.7%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3369592k total, 2166980k used, 1202612k free, 559504k buffers Swap: 2650684k total, 1892k used, 2648792k free, 1129116k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 32046 apache 15 0 36300 12m 9828 S 20 0.4 0:01.97 apache2 32679 apache 15 0 36568 13m 10m S 19 0.4 0:01.69 apache2 31441 apache 15 0 36616 13m 10m S 19 0.4 0:04.13 apache2 31477 apache 15 0 36596 13m 9.8m S 15 0.4 0:01.99 apache2 31993 apache 15 0 36876 16m 12m S 12 0.5 0:02.01 apache2 31782 apache 15 0 36836 14m 10m S 8 0.4 0:02.17 apache2 32198 apache 15 0 36536 13m 10m S 7 0.4 0:01.59 apache2 880 apache 15 0 36508 9708 6236 S 7 0.3 0:00.42 apache2 31945 apache 17 0 36876 16m 13m S 5 0.5 0:03.17 apache2 32197 apache 16 0 36636 10m 7504 S 5 0.3 0:02.70 apache2 32326 apache 15 0 37024 11m 7632 S 5 0.3 0:02.15 apache2 32565 apache 15 0 37280 13m 9.8m S 5 0.4 0:03.75 apache2 32676 apache 15 0 36896 16m 12m S 4 0.5 0:00.95 apache2 32678 apache 15 0 36536 12m 9692 S 4 0.4 0:02.27 apache2 974 apache 16 0 37064 9888 6016 D 4 0.3 0:00.13 apache2 32150 apache 16 0 36832 13m 10m S 3 0.4 0:01.74 apache2 31780 apache 16 0 36848 11m 7660 S 3 0.3 0:02.87 apache2

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• Occasional Date or timezone discrepancy in hudson or maven with jodatime

  - by TheStijn

  hi, I hope following explanation will make sense because it's a weird problem we're facing and hard to describe. We have a maven project which gets build in hudson and that contains some unit tests where dates are used and asserted. The hudson server runs on solaris. Now, occasionally (like 30% of the times) the unit tests using dates fail because 3,5 hours are deducted from the specified time in the unit test and hence asserts start failing. The other 70% everything works fine although nothing at all changed in the code and we run the hudson job several times an hour. I add following code to a unittest to check the time: @Test public void testDate() { System.out.println("new DateMidnight(2011, 1, 5).toDate();"); System.out.println(new DateMidnight(2011, 1, 5).toDate()); System.out.println(new DateMidnight(2011, 1, 5).toDate().getTime()); Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); cal.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2011); cal.set(Calendar.MONTH, 0); cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 5); cal.set(Calendar.HOUR, 0); cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); System.out.println("cal.getTime();"); System.out.println(cal.getTime()); System.out.println(cal.getTime().getTime()); } So basically it should print the same thing when using jodatime or plain old Calendar. This is the case in 70% of the runs; for the other 30% I get following printouts: Running TestSuite new DateMidnight(2011, 1, 5).toDate(); Tue Jan 04 21:30:00 MET 2011 1294173000000 cal.getTime(); Wed Jan 05 12:00:00 MET 2011 1294225200000 Local maven tests never appear the pose this problem and we can't figure out what could be the cause of it. Especially, we can't think of a single reason why the tests sometimes pass and sometimes fail without changing any code nor hudson or server setting. Also, we run the maven install with cobertura which means that the unit tests are run twice. It happens also that they pass the first time and fail the second time or the other way around or that they fail both times. Thanks for any help, Stijn

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• How to move a ruby on rails application to a new server

  - by ManiacZX

  I have a rails app on an old Ubuntu server I need to move onto a new machine. I haven't worked with ruby on rails so I don't really know anything about the structure of the app. I want to load this onto an Ubuntu 8.04 AMI on Amazon EC2 and am looking for any information regarding the migration process such as: Do I copy over the entire folder defined as the application root in the mongrel config (for ex: /u/apps/myapp/current) or just certain folders? Am I looking for trouble if I go with the latest versions of ruby and the various gems? Any general gotchas to look out for in the process. Current server information: root@webnode001:/# cat /proc/version Linux version 2.6.15-27-server (buildd@terranova) (gcc version 4.0.3 (Ubuntu 4.0.3-1ubuntu5)) #1 SMP Fri Dec 8 18:43:54 UTC 2006 root@webnode001:/# rails -v Rails 1.2.3 root@webnode001:/# mongrel_rails cluster::configure --version Version 1.0.1 root@webnode001:/# gem -v 0.9.0 root@webnode001:/# gem list -l *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (1.3.3, 1.2.5) Service layer for easy email delivery and testing. actionpack (1.13.3, 1.12.5) Web-flow and rendering framework putting the VC in MVC. actionwebservice (1.2.3, 1.1.6) Web service support for Action Pack. activerecord (1.15.3, 1.15.2, 1.14.4) Implements the ActiveRecord pattern for ORM. activesupport (1.4.2, 1.4.1, 1.3.1) Support and utility classes used by the Rails framework. cgi_multipart_eof_fix (2.1) Fix an exploitable bug in CGI multipart parsing which affects Ruby <= 1.8.5 when multipart boundary attribute contains a non-halting regular expression string. daemons (1.0.7, 1.0.5, 1.0.4, 1.0.2) A toolkit to create and control daemons in different ways eventmachine (0.7.2, 0.7.0) Ruby/EventMachine socket engine library fastercsv (1.2.0, 1.1.0) FasterCSV is CSV, but faster, smaller, and cleaner. fastthread (1.0) Optimized replacement for thread.rb primitives ferret (0.11.4) Ruby indexing library. gem_plugin (0.2.2, 0.2.1) A plugin system based only on rubygems that uses dependencies only mongrel (1.0.1, 0.3.13.4) A small fast HTTP library and server that runs Rails, Camping, Nitro and Iowa apps. mongrel_cluster (0.2.1) Mongrel plugin that provides commands and Capistrano tasks for managing multiple Mongrel processes. mysql (2.7) MySQL/Ruby provides the same functions for Ruby programs that the MySQL C API provides for C programs. piston (1.3.3) Piston is a utility that enables merge tracking of remote repositories. rails (1.2.3, 1.1.6) Web-application framework with template engine, control-flow layer, and ORM. rake (0.7.3, 0.7.1) Ruby based make-like utility. sources (0.0.1) This package provides download sources for remote gem installation swiftiply (0.5.1) A fast clustering proxy for web applications.

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• Problems with CGI wrapper for PHP

  - by user205878

  I'm having a bugger of a time with a CGI wrapper for PHP. I know very little about CGI and PHP as CGI. Here's what I know about the system: Solaris 10 on a 386 Suhosin PHP normally running as CGI, with cgiwrap (http://cgiwrap.sourceforge.net/). I am not able to find an example wrapper.cgi on the server to look at. Shared hosting (virtual host), so I don't have access to Apache config. But the admins are not helpful. Switching hosts is not an option. Options directive cannot be overridden in .htaccess (ExecCGI, for example). .htaccess: AddHandler php-handler .php Action php-handler "/bin/test.cgi" ~/public_html/bin/test.cgi: #!/usr/bin/sh # Without these 2 lines, I get an Internal Server Error echo "Content-type: text/html" echo "" exec "/path/to/php-cgi" 'foo.php'; /bin/foo.php: <?php echo "this is foo.php!"; Output of http://mysite.com/bin/test.cgi: X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Content-type: text/html echo "Content-type: text/html" echo "" exec "/path/to//php-cgi" 'foo.php'; Output of http:/ /mysite.com/anypage.php: X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Content-type: text/html echo "Content-type: text/html" echo "" exec "/path/to//php-cgi" 'foo.php'; The things I note are: PHP is being executed, as noted by the X-Powered-By ... header. The source of /bin/test.cgi is output in the results. No matter what I put as the second argument of exec, it isn't passed to the php binary. I've tried '-i' to get phpinfo, '-v' to get the version... When I execute test.cgi via the shell, I get the expected results (the argument is passed to php, and it is reflected in the output). Any ideas about how to get this to work? UPDATE It appears that the reason the source of the test.cgi was appearing was due to errors. Anytime fatal error occurred, either within the cgi itself or with the command being executed by exec, it would cause the source of the cgi to appear. Within test.cgi, I can get the proper output with exec "/path/to/php-cgi" -h (I get the same thing as I would from CLI).

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• is appassembler plugin broken for java service wrapper on windows 64bit?

  - by Paul McKenzie

  Hi I'm developing on 32bit windows and am using appassembler to create a java service wrapper assembly, and it works ok. But I need to also create a 64bit assembly for deployment to a dev server. In the following config I have substituted the 32bit platform with the 64bit, see the <includes> section. But it no longer places the wrapper jar and dll in the lib folder. If I omit the includes completely, I get linux, solaris, Mac OSX and Win32 libraries, but no win64. Anyone got this working? <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>appassembler-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <configuration> <target>${project.build.directory}/appassembler</target> <repositoryLayout>flat</repositoryLayout> <defaultJvmSettings> <initialMemorySize>256M</initialMemorySize> <maxMemorySize>1024M</maxMemorySize> </defaultJvmSettings> <daemons> <daemon> <id>MyApp</id> <mainClass>com.foo.AppMain</mainClass> <platforms> <platform>jsw</platform> </platforms> <generatorConfigurations> <generatorConfiguration> <generator>jsw</generator> <includes> <include>windows-x86-64</include> </includes> <configuration> <property> <name>set.default.REPO_DIR</name> <value>../../repo</value> </property> </configuration> </generatorConfiguration> </generatorConfigurations> </daemon> </daemons> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>generate-daemons</goal> <goal>create-repository</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin>

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• Remote installing an msi on citrix servers using WMI

  - by capn

  OK, I'm a C# programmer that is trying to streamline the deployment of a custom windows form app I inherited and built an installer for with WiX (this app will need to be reinstalled regularly as I'm making changes to it). I'm not really used to admin type things (or vbs, or WMI, or terminal servers, or Citrix, and even WiX and MSI are not things I usually deal with) but so far I put together some vbs and have an end goal in mind. The msi does work, and I've installed it from the mapped O: drive on my dev machine and while RDP'd to a citrix machine. End Goal: Deploy code written on my dev machine and compiled into an MSI (that I can improve upon within the confines of WiX and whatever the Windows Installer Engine allows) to the cluster of Citrix machines my users have access to. What am I missing in my script to get the MSI to execute on the remote machines? Layout: Machine A is my dev machine, and has the vbs script and the msi file (XP SP3) Machines C1 - C6 are the Citrix Servers that need the application installed them via the msi (Server 2003 R2 SP2) There is also optionally a shared network resource that all the machines can access. Script: 'Set WMI Constants Const wbemImpersonationLevelImpersonate = 3 Const wbemAuthenticationLevelPktPrivacy = 6 'Set whether this is installing to the debug Citrix Servers Const isDebug = true 'Set MSI location 'Network location yields error 1619 (This installation package could not be opened.) msiLocation = "\\255.255.255.255\odrive\Citrix Deployment\Setup.msi" 'Directory on machine A yields error 3 (file not found) 'msiLocation = "C:\Temp\Deploy\Setup.msi" 'Mapped network drive (on both machines) yield error 3 (file not found) 'msiLocation = "O:\Citrix Deployment\Setup.msi" 'Set login information strDomain = "MyDomain" Wscript.StdOut.Write "user name:" strUser = Wscript.StdIn.ReadLine Set objPassword = CreateObject("ScriptPW.Password") Wscript.StdOut.Write "password:" strPassword = objPassword.GetPassword() 'Names of Citrix Servers Dim citrixServerArray If isDebug Then citrixServerArray = array("C4") Else 'citrixServerArray = array("C1","C2","C3","C5","C6") End If 'Loop through each Citrix Server For Each citrixServer in citrixServerArray 'Login to remote computer Set objLocator = CreateObject("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator") Set objWMIService = objLocator.ConnectServer(citrixServer, _ "root\cimv2", _ strUser, _ strPassword, _ "MS_409", _ "ntlmdomain:" + strDomain) 'Set Remote Impersonation level objWMIService.Security_.ImpersonationLevel = wbemImpersonationLevelImpersonate objWMIService.Security_.AuthenticationLevel = wbemAuthenticationLevelPktPrivacy 'Reference to a process on the machine Dim objProcess : Set objProcess = objWMIService.Get("Win32_Process") 'Change user to install for terminal services errReturn = objProcess.Create _ ("cmd.exe /c change user /install", Null, Null, intProcessID) WScript.Echo errReturn 'Install MSI here 'Reference to a product on the machine Set objSoftware = objWMIService.Get("Win32_Product") 'All users set in option parameter, I'm led to believe that the third parameter is actually ignored 'http://www.webmasterkb.com/Uwe/Forum.aspx/vbscript/2433/Installing-programs-with-VbScript errReturn = objSoftware.Install(msiLocation,"ALLUSERS=2 REBOOT=ReallySuppress",True) Wscript.Echo errReturn 'Change user back to execute errReturn = objProcess.Create _ ("cmd.exe /c change user /execute", Null, Null, intProcessID) WScript.Echo errReturn Next I also tried using this to install, it doesn't return an error code, but doesn't install the msi either, and it makes me wonder if the change user /install command is even really working. errReturn = objProcess.Create _ ("cmd.exe /c msiexec /i ""O:\Citrix Deployment\Setup.msi"" /quiet") Wscript.Echo errReturn

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• recommendations for efficient offsite remote backup solution of vm's

  - by senorsmile

  I am looking for recommendations for backing up my current 6 vm's(and soon to grow to up to 20). Currently I am running a two node proxmox cluster(which is a debian base using kvm for virtualization with a custom web front end to administer). I have two nearly identical boxes with amd phenom II x4's and asus motherboards. Each has 4 500 GB sata2 hdd's, 1 for the os and other data for the proxmox install, and 3 using mdadm+drbd+lvm to share the 1.5 TB's of storage between the two machines. I mount lvm images to kvm for all of the virtual machines. I currently have the ability to do live transfer from one machine to the other, typically within seconds(it takes about 2 minutes on the largest vm running win2008 with m$ sql server). I am using proxmox's built-in vzdump utility to take snapshots of the vm's and store those on an external harddrive on the network. I then have jungledisk service (using rackspace) to sync the vzdump folder for remote offsite backup. This is all fine and dandy, but it's not very scalable. For one, the backups themselves can take up to a few hours every night. With jungledisk's block level incremental transfers, the sync only transfers a small portion of the data offsite, but that still takes at least a half an hour. The much better solution would of course be something that allows me to instantly take the difference of two time points (say what was written from 6am to 7am), zip it, then send that difference file to the backup server which would instantly transfer to the remote storage on rackspace. I have looked a little into zfs and it's ability to do send/receive. That coupled with a pipe of the data in bzip or something would seem perfect. However, it seems that implementing a nexenta server with zfs would essentially require at least one or two more dedicated storage servers to serve iSCSI block volumes (via zvol's???) to the proxmox servers. I would prefer to keep the setup as minimal as possible (i.e. NOT having separate storage servers) if at all possible. I have also briefly read about zumastor. It looks like it could also do what I want, but it appears to have halted development in 2008. So, zfs, zumastor or other?

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• Anyone else experiencing high rates of Linux server crashes during a leap second day?

  - by Bron Gondwana

  POSTMORTEM Anticlimax: only thing that died was my VPN (openvpn) link to the cluster, so there was an exciting few seconds while it re-established. Everything else was fine. Starting back ntp everywhere. If you look at Marco's blog at http://my.opera.com/marcomarongiu/blog/2012/06/01/an-humble-attempt-to-work-around-the-leap-second - he has a solution for phasing the time change over 24 hours using ntpd -x to avoid the 1 second skip. Give that a go if it matters to you. For the systems I run, the jump isn't a problem. Just today, Sat June 30th - starting soon after the start of the day GMT. We've had a handful of blades in different datacentres as managed by different teams all go dark - not responding to pings, screen blank. They're all running Debian Squeeze - with everything from stock kernel to custom 3.2.21 builds. Most are Dell M610 blades, but I've also just lost a Dell R510 and other departments have lost machines from other vendors too. There was also an older IBM x3550 which crashed and which I thought might be unrelated, but now I'm wondering. The one crash which I did get a screen dump from said: [3161000.864001] BUG: spinlock lockup on CPU#1, ntpd/3358 [3161000.864001] lock: ffff88083fc0d740, .magic: dead4ead, .owner: imapd/24737, .owner_cpu: 0 Unfortunately the blades all supposedly had kdump configured, but they died so hard that kdump didn't trigger - and they had console blanking turned on. I've disabled console blanking now, so fingers crossed I'll have more information after the next crash. Just want to know if it's a common thread or "just us". It's really odd that they're different units in different datacentres bought at different times and run by different admins (I run the FastMail.FM ones)... and now even different vendor hardware. Most of the machines which crashed had been up for weeks/months and were running 3.1 or 3.2 series kernels. The most recent crash was a machine which had only been up about 6 hours running 3.2.21. THE WORKAROUND Ok people, here's how I worked around it. disabled ntp: /etc/init.d/ntp stop created http://linux.brong.fastmail.fm/2012-06-30/fixtime.pl (code stolen from Marco, see blog posts in comments) ran fixtime.pl without an argument to see that there was a leap second set ran fixtime.pl with an argument to remove the leap second NOTE: depends on adjtimex. I've put a copy of the squeeze adjtimex binary at http://linux.brong.fastmail.fm/2012-06-30/adjtimex - it will run without dependencies on a squeeze 64 bit system. If you put it in the same directory as fixtime.pl, it will be used if the system one isn't present. Obviously if you don't have squeeze 64 bit... find your own. I'm going to start ntp again tomorrow. As an anonymous user suggested - an alternative to running adjtimex is to just set the time yourself, which will presumably also clear the leapsecond counter.

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• dbms_xmlschema fail to validate with complexType

  - by Andrew

  Preface: This works on one Oracle 11gR1 (Solaris 64) database and not on a second and we can't figure out the difference between the two databases. Somehow the complexType causes the validation to fail with this error: ORA-31154: invalid XML document ORA-19202: Error occurred in XML processing LSX-00200: element "shiporder" not empty ORA-06512: at "SYS.XMLTYPE", line 354 ORA-06512: at line 13 But the schema is valid (passes this online test: http://www.xmlme.com/Validator.aspx) -- Cleanup any existing schema begin dbms_xmlschema.deleteschema('shiporder.xsd',dbms_xmlschema.DELETE_CASCADE); end; -- Define the problem schema (adapted from http://www.w3schools.com/schema/schema_example.asp) begin dbms_xmlschema.registerSchema('shiporder.xsd','<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <xs:element name="shiporder"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="orderperson" type="xs:string"/> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> </xs:schema>',owner=>'SCOTT'); end; -- Attempt to validate declare bbb xmltype; begin bbb := XMLType('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <shiporder xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="shiporder.xsd"> <orderperson>John Smith</orderperson> </shiporder>'); XMLType.schemaValidate(bbb); end; Now if I gut the schema definition and leave only a string in the XML then the validation passes: begin dbms_xmlschema.deleteschema('shiporder.xsd',dbms_xmlschema.DELETE_CASCADE); end; begin dbms_xmlschema.registerSchema('shiporder.xsd','<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <xs:element name="shiporder" type="xs:string"/> </xs:schema>',owner=>'SCOTT'); end; DECLARE xml XMLTYPE; BEGIN xml := XMLTYPE('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <shiporder xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="shiporder.xsd"> John Smith </shiporder>'); XMLTYPE.schemaValidate(xml); END;

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• NGiNX performance degrades over time.

  - by Rylea Stark

  So here's the situation, I run a small cluster, Dedicated box for MySQL, and a dedicated PHP-FPM/NGINX box, Nginx talks to php-fpm via socket, As far as i can tell the problem does not lie in php-fpm, it lies somewhere in my configuration. What happens, is the site loads instant for a few moments after starting and slowly starts to degrade to load times of greater than 2 seconds, eventually taking 12 seconds to complete a load, PHP is configured to close a child after 175 requests, and spawn 20 at start and have a max of 60. Not really sure where the bottle neck is, most of my code is optimized and works flawlessly, but these issues with nginx will most likely force me to switch back over to Apache, And I really dont want to do that, NGINX.conf configuration below. user www-data; worker_processes 4; worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 512; multi_accept on; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; resolver_timeout 5s; satisfy all; ## Size Limits limit_zone brainbug $binary_remote_addr 5m; client_body_buffer_size 8k; client_header_buffer_size 75M; client_max_body_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 2 1k; ## Timeouts client_body_timeout 60; client_header_timeout 60; keepalive_timeout 60; send_timeout 60; ## General Options ignore_invalid_headers on; recursive_error_pages on; sendfile on; server_name_in_redirect off; server_tokens off; ## TCP options tcp_nodelay on; #tcp_nopush on; output_buffers 128 512k; gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 7; gzip_proxied any; gzip_min_length 0; gzip_buffers 32 32k; gzip_types text/plain text/html text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript image/jpeg image/png image/gif; ## Disable GZIP for MSIE 1-6 gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)"; ## Set a vary header so downstream proxies don't send cached gzipped content to IE6 gzip_vary on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; }

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• Mysql Servers for Attendance System

  - by foo

  I'm building an attendance system. There are about 20 places where people will check in and check out using Mifare 1K Card. It will use MySQL as the database. The system will display something like "#ID IN: 800AM" when the first time the user checks in and "#ID OUT: 400PM" when the user checks out. For this to work, all the databases need to be synchronized with each other all the times. For an example, if user A went to location #1 to check in but by the time he wants to return home, the server at location #1 went down, he needs to go to location #2 or the nearest server to check out. The server at location #2 should display '#ID OUT: 400PM" and not "#ID IN: 400PM" since he's already checked in. So, what should I use to ensure this idea will work? My main concern is with the network (other department manages it) which is very unpredictable. It just love to go down anytime it wants to. Update LOL, didn't realize my question is not clear, just noticed it when you guys pointed it out, sorry about that. My real question is, how can I configure my MySQL to be synchronized with each other (20 servers)? MySQL cluster ? (tried reading about it, but I'm not sure if it's the right thing to do) My current setup (first phase): Local database for each server OS: Slackware A main server that keeps track which staff is at which server A web based front end for the user to see their history (which connects to the server based on their records) Main Pros No worries about network problems since it is a local database Main Cons A user can only check in and out at the same server. Databases/Servers are not connected with each others. Have to add the user to each server if the users want to check in at different locations. Which means, if he wants to go to location A, he must be checked out from location A first and then check in at location B. The server at location B didn't know that the user has checked in before at A. By the way, I've already centralized my NTP to a local server. About the network, let's just say, I don't have the authority to make changes so that the network will be better. The network won't effect all 20 servers at once, usually, just a few of them for several times a week. If there are anything else you would like me to answer, please just ask.

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• recommendations for efficient offsite remote backup solution of vm's

  - by senorsmile

  I am looking for recommendations for backing up my current 6 vm's(and soon to grow to up to 20). Currently I am running a two node proxmox cluster(which is a debian base using kvm for virtualization with a custom web front end to administer). I have two nearly identical boxes with amd phenom II x4's and asus motherboards. Each has 4 500 GB sata2 hdd's, 1 for the os and other data for the proxmox install, and 3 using mdadm+drbd+lvm to share the 1.5 TB's of storage between the two machines. I mount lvm images to kvm for all of the virtual machines. I currently have the ability to do live transfer from one machine to the other, typically within seconds(it takes about 2 minutes on the largest vm running win2008 with m$ sql server). I am using proxmox's built-in vzdump utility to take snapshots of the vm's and store those on an external harddrive on the network. I then have jungledisk service (using rackspace) to sync the vzdump folder for remote offsite backup. This is all fine and dandy, but it's not very scalable. For one, the backups themselves can take up to a few hours every night. With jungledisk's block level incremental transfers, the sync only transfers a small portion of the data offsite, but that still takes at least a half an hour. The much better solution would of course be something that allows me to instantly take the difference of two time points (say what was written from 6am to 7am), zip it, then send that difference file to the backup server which would instantly transfer to the remote storage on rackspace. I have looked a little into zfs and it's ability to do send/receive. That coupled with a pipe of the data in bzip or something would seem perfect. However, it seems that implementing a nexenta server with zfs would essentially require at least one or two more dedicated storage servers to serve iSCSI block volumes (via zvol's???) to the proxmox servers. I would prefer to keep the setup as minimal as possible (i.e. NOT having separate storage servers) if at all possible. I have also briefly read about zumastor. It looks like it could also do what I want, but it appears to have halted development in 2008. So, zfs, zumastor or other?

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• Can Remote Desktop Services be deployed and administered by PowerShell alone, without a Domain in WIndows Server 2012 and 2012 R2?

  - by Warren P

  Windows Server 2008 R2 allowed deployment of Terminal Server (Remote Desktop Services) without a domain, and without any insistence on domains. This was very useful, especially for standalone virtual or cloud deployments of a server that is managed remotely for a remote client who has no need or desire for any ActiveDirectory or Domain features. This has become steadily more and more difficult as Microsoft restricts its technologies further and further in each Windows release. With Windows Server 2012, configuring licensing for Remote Desktop Services, is more difficult when not on a domain, but possible still. With Windows Server 2012 R2 (at least in the preview) the barriers are now severe: The Add/Remove Roles and Features wizard in Windows Server 2012 R2 has a special RDS deployment mode that has a rule that says if you aren't on a domain you can't deploy. It tells you to create or join a domain first. This of course comes in direct conflict with the fact that an Active Directory domain controller should not be the same machine as a terminal server machine. So Microsoft's technology is not such much a Cloud Operating System as a Cluster of Unwanted Nodes, needed to support the one machine I actually WANT to deploy. This is gross, and so I am trying to find a workaround. However if you skip that wizard and just go check the checkboxes in the main Roles/Features wizard, you can deploy the features, but the UI is not there to configure them, and when you go back to the RDS configuration page on the roles wizard, you get a message saying you can not administer your Remote Desktop Services system when you are logged in as a Local-Computer Administrator, because although you have all admin priveleges you could have (in your workgroup based system), the RDS configuration UI will not accept those credentials and let you continue. My question in brief is, can I still somehow, obtain the following end result: I need to allow 10-20 users per system to have an RDS (TS) session. I do not need any of the fancy pants RDS options, unless Microsoft somehow depends on those features being present. I believe I need the "RDS Session Host" as this is the guts of "Terminal Server". Microsoft says it is "full Windows desktop for Remote Desktop Services client. I need to configure licensing so that the Grace Period does not expire leaving my RDS non functional, so this probably means I need a way to configure TS CALs. If all of the above could technically be done with the judicious use of the PowerShell, I am prepared to even consider developing all the PowerShell scripts I would need to do the above. I'm not asking someone to write that for me. What I'm asking is, does anyone know if there is a technical impediment to what I want to do above, other than the deliberate crippling of the 2012 R2 UI for Workgroup users? Would the underlying technologies all still work if I manipulate and control them from a PowerShell script? Obviously a 1 word Yes or No answer isn't that useful to anyone, so the question is really, yes or no, and why? In the case the answer is Yes, then how.

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• casting doubles to integers in order to gain speed

  - by antirez

  Hello all, in Redis (http://code.google.com/p/redis) there are scores associated to elements, in order to take this elements sorted. This scores are doubles, even if many users actually sort by integers (for instance unix times). When the database is saved we need to write this doubles ok disk. This is what is used currently: snprintf((char*)buf+1,sizeof(buf)-1,"%.17g",val); Additionally infinity and not-a-number conditions are checked in order to also represent this in the final database file. Unfortunately converting a double into the string representation is pretty slow. While we have a function in Redis that converts an integer into a string representation in a much faster way. So my idea was to check if a double could be casted into an integer without lost of data, and then using the function to turn the integer into a string if this is true. For this to provide a good speedup of course the test for integer "equivalence" must be fast. So I used a trick that is probably undefined behavior but that worked very well in practice. Something like that: double x = ... some value ... if (x == (double)((long long)x)) use_the_fast_integer_function((long long)x); else use_the_slow_snprintf(x); In my reasoning the double casting above converts the double into a long, and then back into an integer. If the range fits, and there is no decimal part, the number will survive the conversion and will be exactly the same as the initial number. As I wanted to make sure this will not break things in some system, I joined #c on freenode and I got a lot of insults ;) So I'm now trying here. Is there a standard way to do what I'm trying to do without going outside ANSI C? Otherwise, is the above code supposed to work in all the Posix systems that currently Redis targets? That is, archs where Linux / Mac OS X / *BSD / Solaris are running nowaday? What I can add in order to make the code saner is an explicit check for the range of the double before trying the cast at all. Thank you for any help.

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• Load balancers, multiple data centers and url based routing

  - by kunkunur

  There is one data center - dc1. There is a business need to setup another data center - dc2 in another geography and there might be more in the future say dc3. Within the data center dc1: There are two web servers say WS1 and WS2. These two webservers do not share anything currently. There isnt any necessity foreseen to have more webservers within each dc. dc1 also has a local load balancer which has been setup with session stickiness. So if a user say u1 lands on dc1 and if the load balancer decides to route his first request to WS1 then from there on all u1's requests will get routed to WS1. Local load balancer and webservers are invisible to the user. Local load balancer listens to the traffic on a virtual ip which is assigned to the virtual cluster of webservers ws1 and ws2. Virtual ip is the ip to which the host name is resolved to in the DNS. There are no client specific subdomains as of now instead there is a client specific url(context). ex: www.example.com/client1 and www.example.com/client2. Given above when dc2 is onboarded I want to route the traffic between dc1 and dc2 based on the client. The options that I have found so far are. Have client specific subdomains e.g. client1.example.com and client2.example.com and assign each of them with the virtual ip of the data center to which I want to route them. or Assign www.example.com and www1.example.com to first dc i.e. dc1 and assign www2.example.com to dc2. All requests will first get routed to dc1 where WS1 and WS2 will redirect the user to www1.example.com or www2.example.com based on whether the url ends with /client1 or /client2. I need help in the following If I setup a global load balancer between dc1 and dc2 do I have any alternative solutions. That is, can a global load balancer route the traffic based on the url ? Are there drawbacks to subdomain based solutions compared to www1 solution? With www1 solution I am worried that it creates a dependency on dc1 atleast for the first request and the user will see that he is getting redirected to a different url.

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• How do make dependency generation work for C? (Also..decode this sed/make statement!)

  - by Derek

  Hi all. I have a make build system that I am trying to decipher that someone else wrote. I am getting an error when I run it on a redhat system, but not when I run it on my solaris system. The versions of gmake are the same major revision (one off on minor revision). This is for building a C project, and the make system has a global Makefile.global that is inherited by each directory's local Makefile The Makefile.global has all the targets in it, starting with all: $(LIB) $(BIN) where LIB builds libs and BIN builds binaries. jumping down the targets I have $(LIB) : $(GEN_LIB) $(GEN_LIB) : $(GEN_DEPS) $(GEN_OBJS) $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $(GEN_LIB) $(GEN_OBJS) $(GEN_DEPS) : @set -e; rm -f $@; \ $(CC) $(CDEP_FLAG) $(CFLAGS) $(INCDIRS) `basename $@ | sed 's/\.d/\.c/' | sed 's,^,$(HOME_SRC)/,'` | sed 's,\(.*\)\.o: ,$(GEN_OBJDIR)/\1.o $@ :,g' > [email protected] ; \ cat [email protected] > $@ ; \ cat [email protected] | cut -d: -f2 | grep '\.h' | sed 's,\.h,.h :,g' >> $@ ; \ rm [email protected] $(GEN_OBJS) : $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCDIRS) -c $(*F).c -lmpi -o $@ I think these are all the relevant targets I need to include to answer my question. Definitions of those variables: CC = icc CDEP_FLAG = -M CFLAGS = various compiler flags ifdef type flags INCDIRS = include directory where all .h files are GEN_OBJDIR = /lib/objs HOME_SRC = . GEN_LIB = lib/$(LIB) GEN_DEPDIR=/lib/deps GEN_DEPS = $(addprefix $(GEN_DEPDIR)/,$(addsuffix .d,$(basename $(OBJS)))) I think this has everything covered you need. Basically self explanatory from the names. Now as best I can tell, this is generating in /lib/deps a .d file that has the object and source dependencies in it. In other words, for the utilities.a library, I will get a utils.o and utils.c dependency stack, all in the file utils.d There is some syntax error that is being generated in that file I think, because I get the following error: ../lib/deps/util.d:25: *** target pattern contains no '%'. Stop. gmake[2]: *** [all] Error 2 gmake[1]: *** [all] Error 2 gmake: *** [all] Error 2 I am not sure if my error is in the dependency generation, or some further down part, like the object generation target? If you need further info, let me know, I will add to post

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