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  • Using generics to make an algorithm work on lists of "something" instead of only String's

    - by Binary255
    Hi, I have a small algorithm which replaces the position of characters in a String: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { String pairSwitchedStr = pairSwitch("some short sentence"); Console.WriteLine(pairSwitchedStr); Console.ReadKey(); } private static String pairSwitch(String str) { StringBuilder pairSwitchedStringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); for (int position = 0; position + 1 < str.Length; position += 2) { pairSwitchedStringBuilder.Append((char)str[position + 1]); pairSwitchedStringBuilder.Append((char)str[position]); } return pairSwitchedStringBuilder.ToString(); } } I would like to make it as generic as possible, possibly using Generics. What I'd like to have is something which works with: Anything that is built up using a list of instances. Including strings, arrays, linked lists I suspect that the solution must use generics as the algorithm is working on a list of instances of T (there T is ... something). Version of C# isn't of interest, I guess the solution will be nicer if features from C# version 2.0 is used.

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  • What's the deal with Java's public fields?

    - by Annan
    I've been reading two articles (1)(2) on javaworld.com about how all class fields should be private and getter/setter methods are just as bad. An object should act on the data it has rather than allowing access to it. I'm currently working on a University assignment for Connect Four. In designing the program the Agents playing the Game need access to the Board's state (so they can decide what to move). They also need to pass this move to the Game so it can validate it as a legal move. And during deciding what to move pieces are grouped into Threats with a start and end Points. Board, Threat and Point objects don't really do anything. They are just there to store related data that can be accessed in a human readable way. At the start of design I was representing Points on the board as two element int arrays, however that got annoying when creating points or referencing components of them. So, the class: public class Point { public int x; public int y; public Point(int x, int y){ this.x = x; this.y = y; } } Perfect in every way I can think of. Except it breaks every rule I've learned. Have I sinned?

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  • Writing fortran robust and "modern" code

    - by Blklight
    In some scientific environments, you often cannot go without FORTRAN as most of the developers only know that idiom, and there is lot of legacy code and related experience. And frankly, there are not many other cross-platform options for high performance programming ( C++ would do the task, but the syntax, zero-starting arrays, and pointers are too much for most engineers ;-) ). I'm a C++ guy but I'm stuck with some F90 projects. So, let's assume a new project must use FORTRAN (F90), but I want to build the most modern software architecture out of it. while being compatible with most "recent" compilers (intel ifort, but also including sun/HP/IBM own compilers) So I'm thinking of imposing: global variable forbidden, no gotos, no jump labels, "implicit none", etc. "object-oriented programming" (modules with datatypes + related subroutines) modular/reusable functions, well documented, reusable libraries assertions/preconditions/invariants (implemented using preprocessor statements) unit tests for all (most) subroutines and "objects" an intense "debug mode" (#ifdef DEBUG) with more checks and all possible Intel compiler checks possible (array bounds, subroutine interfaces, etc.) uniform and enforced legible coding style, using code processing tools C stubs/wrappers for libpthread, libDL (and eventually GPU kernels, etc.) C/C++ implementation of utility functions (strings, file operations, sockets, memory alloc/dealloc reference counting for debug mode, etc.) ( This may all seem "evident" modern programming assumptions, but in a legacy fortran world, most of these are big changes in the typical programmer workflow ) The goal with all that is to have trustworthy, maintainable and modular code. Whereas, in typical fortran, modularity is often not a primary goal, and code is trustworthy only if the original developer was very clever, and the code was not changed since then ! (i'm a bit joking here, but not much) I searched around for references about object-oriented fortran, programming-by-contract (assertions/preconditions/etc.), and found only ugly and outdated documents, syntaxes and papers done by people with no large-scale project involvement, and dead projects. Any good URL, advice, reference paper/books on the subject?

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  • Design suggestion for expression tree evaluation with time-series data

    - by Lirik
    I have a (C#) genetic program that uses financial time-series data and it's currently working but I want to re-design the architecture to be more robust. My main goals are: sequentially present the time-series data to the expression trees. allow expression trees to access previous data rows when needed. to optimize performance of the data access while evaluating the expression trees. keep a common interface so various types of data can be used. Here are the possible approaches I've thought about: I can evaluate the expression tree by passing in a data row into the root node and let each child node use the same data row. I can evaluate the expression tree by passing in the data row index and letting each node get the data row from a shared DataSet (currently I'm passing the row index and going to multiple synchronized arrays to get the data). Hybrid: an immutable data set is accessible by all of the expression trees and each expression tree is evaluated by passing in a data row. The benefit of the first approach is that the data row is being passed into the expression tree and there is no further query done on the data set (which should increase performance in a multithreaded environment). The drawback is that the expression tree does not have access to the rest of the data (in case some of the functions need to do calculations using previous data rows). The benefit of the second approach is that the expression trees can access any data up to the latest data row, but unless I specify what that row is, I'll have to iterate through the rows and figure out which one is the last one. The benefit of the hybrid is that it should generally perform better and still provide access to the earlier data. It supports two basic "views" of data: the latest row and the previous rows. Do you guys know of any design patterns or do you have any tips that can help me build this type of system? Should I use a DataSet to hold and present the data, or are there more efficient ways to present rows of data while maintaining a simple interface? FYI: All of my code is written in C#.

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  • How to decode base64-encoded <data> (CFData/NSData) property in a property list?

    - by bantic
    I am trying to reverse-engineer a preferences file (not for any nefarious purposes, just so that I can script usage of it) that, among other things, has arrays of coordinates stored within it. This is the salient snippet from the property list: <dict> <key>$class</key> <dict> <key>CF$UID</key> <integer>34</integer> </dict> <key>coordArray</key> <data> AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAT70vS8/M7xSPwAAAD8AAAA/AAAA </data> <key>coordCount</key> <integer>1</integer> </dict> I assume that data string is an array of coordinates (based on its key name). My question is, how can I figure out what data is stored there? If I simply base64-decode that string, I get gibberish. Is there a way to decode it and cast it into whatever format it came from (NSArray, I think)?

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  • Merging Passed Parameters

    - by Josh Crowder
    I have a two data arrays sent in from a form, one called transloaded and the other video which is the actual form for the model. I need to get [:video_encoded][:url] and save that to [:video][:flash_url] This is the passed arguments or transloaded, when I try and access [:transload][:results][:video_encode] I get nil. print params[:transload] { "assembly_id":"d59b4293b3d79d2ccd1948c02421c6a6", "status":"success", "uploads":{ "video":{ "name":"bbc_one.mp4", "mime":"video/mp4", "ext":"mp4", "size":601104, "meta":{ "width":720, "height":404, "video_fps":25, "video_bitrate":null, "video_format":"avc1", "video_codec":"ffh264", "audio_bitrate":"128k", "audio_codec":"faad", "duration":3.07, "device_vendor":null, "device_name":null, "device_software":null, "latitude":null, "longitude":null }, "url":"http://tmp.transloadit.com/" } }, "results":{ "video_encode":{ "name":"bbc_one.flv", "mime":"video/x-flv", "steps":["encode","export"], "ext":"flv", "size":388317, "meta":{ "width":480, "height":320, "video_fps":25, "video_bitrate":"512k", "video_format":"FLV1", "video_codec":"ffflv", "audio_bitrate":"64k", "audio_codec":"mp3", "duration":3.11, "device_vendor":null, "device_name":null, "device_software":null, "latitude":null, "longitude":null }, "url":"http://s3.transloadit.com/b7deac9c96af6c745e914e25d0350baa/7a/2b09e822265ac2328789b40dcc02ae/bbc_one.flv" }, "video_encode_iphone":{ "name":"bbc_one.qt", "mime":"video/quicktime", "steps":["encode_iphone","export"], "ext":"qt", "size":218236, "meta":{ "width":480, "height":320, "video_fps":25, "video_bitrate":null, "video_format":"avc1", "video_codec":"ffh264", "audio_bitrate":"128k", "audio_codec":"faad", "duration":3.04, "device_vendor":null, "device_name":null, "device_software":null, "latitude":null, "longitude":null }, "url":"http://s3.transloadit.com/31/58bcc80d5345e52a42c9773125e8f0/bbc_one.qt" } } } Here is what I am trying to use video_links = { :flash_url => params[:transload][:results][:video_encode][:url], :mp4_url => params[:transload][:results][:video_encode_iphone][:url] } params[:video].merge(video_links)

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  • Flex 3: should I provide prepared data to my component or make it to process data before display?

    - by grapkulec
    I'm starting to learn a little Flex just for fun and maybe to prove that I still can learn something new :) I have some idea for a project and one of its parts is a tree component which could display data in different ways depending on configuration. The idea There is list of objects having properties like id, date, time, name, description. And sometimes list should be displayed like this: first level: date second level: time third level: name and sometimes like this: first level: year second level: month third level: day fourth level: time and name By level I mean level of nesting of course. So, we can have years, that have months, that have days, that have hours and so forth. The problem What could be the best way to do it? I mean, should I prepare data for different ways of nesting outside of component or even outside of flex? I can do it at web service level in C# where I plan to have database access layer and send to flex nice and ready to display XML or array of objects. But I wonder if that won't cause additional and maybe unneccessary network traffic. I tried to hack some code in my component to convert my data objects into XML or ArrayCollection but I don't know enough of Flex and got stuck on elimination of duplicates or getting specific data by some key value. Usually to do such things I have STL with maps, sets and vectors and I find Flex arrays and even Dictionary a little bit confusing (I've read language reference and googled without any significant luck). The question So, to sum things up: should I give my tree component data prepared just for chosen type of display or should I try to do it internally inside component (or some helper class written in ActionScript)?

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  • Reformat SQLGeography polygons to JSON

    - by James
    I am building a web service that serves geographic boundary data in JSON format. The geographic data is stored in an SQL Server 2008 R2 database using the geography type in a table. I use [ColumnName].ToString() method to return the polygon data as text. Example output: POLYGON ((-6.1646509904325884 56.435153006374627, ... -6.1606079906751 56.4338050060666)) MULTIPOLYGON (((-6.1646509904325884 56.435153006374627 0 0, ... -6.1606079906751 56.4338050060666 0 0))) Geographic definitions can take the form of either an array of lat/long pairs defining a polygon or in the case of multiple definitions, an array or polygons (multipolygon). I have the following regex that converts the output to JSON objects contained in multi-dimensional arrays depending on the output. Regex latlngMatch = new Regex(@"(-?[0-9]{1}\.\d*)\s(\d{2}.\d*)(?:\s0\s0,?)?", RegexOptions.Compiled); private string ConvertPolysToJson(string polysIn) { return this.latlngMatch.Replace(polysIn.Remove(0, polysIn.IndexOf("(")) // remove POLYGON or MULTIPOLYGON .Replace("(", "[") // convert to JSON array syntax .Replace(")", "]"), // same as above "{lng:$1,lat:$2},"); // reformat lat/lng pairs to JSON objects } This is actually working pretty well and converts the DB output to JSON on the fly in response to an operation call. However I am no regex master and the calls to String.Replace() also seem inefficient to me. Does anyone have any suggestions/comments about performance of this?

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  • Game of life in F# with accelerator

    - by jpalmer
    I'm trying to write life in F# using accelerator v2, but for some odd reason my output isn't square despite all my arrays being square - It appears that everything but a rectangular area in the top left of the matrix is being set to false. I've got no idea how this could be happening as all my operations should treat the entire array equally. Any ideas? open Microsoft.ParallelArrays open System.Windows.Forms open System.Drawing type IPA = IntParallelArray type BPA = BoolParallelArray type PAops = ParallelArrays let RNG = new System.Random() let size = 1024 let arrinit i = Array2D.init size size (fun x y -> i) let target = new DX9Target() let threearr = new IPA(arrinit 3) let twoarr = new IPA(arrinit 2) let onearr = new IPA(arrinit 1) let zeroarr = new IPA(arrinit 0) let shifts = [|-1;-1|]::[|-1;0|]::[|-1;1|]::[|0;-1|]::[|0;1|]::[|1;-1|]::[|1;0|]::[|1;1|]::[] let progress (arr:BPA) = let sums = shifts //adds up whether a neighbor is on or not |> List.fold (fun (state:IPA) t ->PAops.Add(PAops.Cond(PAops.Rotate(arr,t),onearr,zeroarr),state)) zeroarr PAops.Or(PAops.CompareEqual(sums,threearr),PAops.And(PAops.CompareEqual(sums,twoarr),arr)) //rule for life let initrandom () = Array2D.init size size (fun x y -> if RNG.NextDouble() > 0.5 then true else false) type meform () as self= inherit Form() let mutable array = new BoolParallelArray(initrandom()) let timer = new System.Timers.Timer(1.0) //redrawing timer do base.DoubleBuffered <- true do base.Size <- Size(size,size) do timer.Elapsed.Add(fun _ -> self.Invalidate()) do timer.Start() let draw (t:Graphics) = array <- array |> progress let bmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(size,size) target.ToArray2D array |> Array2D.iteri (fun x y t -> if not t then bmap.SetPixel(x,y,Color.Black)) t.DrawImageUnscaled(bmap,0,0) do self.Paint.Add(fun t -> draw t.Graphics) do Application.Run(new meform())

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  • question/problem regarding assigning an array of char *

    - by Fantastic Fourier
    Hi I'm working with C and I have a question about assigning pointers. struct foo { int _bar; char * _car[MAXINT]; // this is meant to be an array of char * so that it can hold pointers to names of cars } int foofunc (void * arg) { int bar; char * car[MAXINT]; struct foo thing = (struct foo *) arg; bar = arg->_bar; // this works fine car = arg->_car; // this gives compiler errors of incompatible types in assignment } car and _car have same declaration so why am I getting an error about incompatible types? My guess is that it has something to do with them being pointers (because they are pointers to arrays of char *, right?) but I don't see why that is a problem. when i declared char * car; instead of char * car[MAXINT]; it compiles fine. but I don't see how that would be useful to me later when I need to access certain info using index, it would be very annoying to access that info later. in fact, I'm not even sure if I am going about the right way, maybe there is a better way to store a bunch of strings instead of using array of char *?

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  • Fastest way to generate delimited string from 1d numpy array

    - by Abiel
    I have a program which needs to turn many large one-dimensional numpy arrays of floats into delimited strings. I am finding this operation quite slow relative to the mathematical operations in my program and am wondering if there is a way to speed it up. For example, consider the following loop, which takes 100,000 random numbers in a numpy array and joins each array into a comma-delimited string. import numpy as np x = np.random.randn(100000) for i in range(100): ",".join(map(str, x)) This loop takes about 20 seconds to complete (total, not each cycle). In contrast, consider that 100 cycles of something like elementwise multiplication (x*x) would take than one 1/10 of a second to complete. Clearly the string join operation creates a large performance bottleneck; in my actual application it will dominate total runtime. This makes me wonder, is there a faster way than ",".join(map(str, x))? Since map() is where almost all the processing time occurs, this comes down to the question of whether there a faster to way convert a very large number of numbers to strings.

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  • about Quick Sort

    - by matin1234
    Hi I have written this code but it will print these stack traces in the console please help me thanks! (Aslo "p" and "q" are the first and last index of our array ,respectively) public class JavaQuickSort { public static void QuickSort(int A[], int p, int q) { int i, last = 0; Random rand = new Random(); if (q < 1) { return; } **swap(A, p, rand.nextInt() % (q+1));** for (i = p + 1; i <= q; i++) { if (A[i] < A[p]) { swap(A, ++last, i); } } swap(A, p, last); QuickSort(A, p, last - 1); QuickSort(A, last + 1, q); } private static void swap(int[] A, int i, int j) { int temp; temp = A[i]; **A[i] = A[j];** A[j] = temp; } public static void main(String[] args){ int[] A = {2,5,7,3,9,0,1,6,8}; **QuickSort(A, 0,8 );** System.out.println(Arrays.toString(A)); } } the Stack traces : run: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: -3 at JavaQuickSort.swap(JavaQuickSort.java:38) at JavaQuickSort.QuickSort(JavaQuickSort.java:22) at JavaQuickSort.main(JavaQuickSort.java:45) Java Result: 1 BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 2 seconds) I also bold those statements that cause these stack traces. like == ** ...**

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  • Design Practice Retrieve Multiple Users - PHP

    - by pws5068
    Greetings all, I'm looking for a more efficient way to grab multiple users without too much code redundancy. I have a Users class, (here's a highly condensed representation) Class Users { function __construct() { ... ... } private static function getNew($id) { // This is all only example code $sql = "SELECT * FROM Users WHERE User_ID=?"; $user = new User(); $user->setID($id); .... return $user; } public static function getNewestUsers($count) { $sql = "SELECT * FROM Users ORDER BY Join_Date LIMIT ?"; $users = array(); // Prepared Statement Data Here while($stmt->fetch()) { $users[] = Users::getNew($id); ... } return $users; } // These have more sanity/security checks, demonstration only. function setID($id) { $this->id = $id; } function setName($name) { $this->name = $name; } ... } So clearly calling getNew() in a loop is inefficient, because it makes $count number of calls to the database each time. I would much rather select all users in a single SQL statement. The problem is that I have probably a dozen or so methods for getting arrays of users, so all of these would now need to know the names of the database columns which is repeating a lot of structure that could always change later. What are some other ways that I could approach this problem? My goals include efficiency, flexibility, scalability, and good design practice.

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  • rpy2: Converting a data.frame to a numpy array

    - by Mike Dewar
    I have a data.frame in R. It contains a lot of data : gene expression levels from many (125) arrays. I'd like the data in Python, due mostly to my incompetence in R and the fact that this was supposed to be a 30 minute job. I would like the following code to work. To understand this code, know that the variable path contains the full path to my data set which, when loaded, gives me a variable called immgen. Know that immgen is an object (a Bioconductor ExpressionSet object) and that exprs(immgen) returns a data frame with 125 columns (experiments) and tens of thousands of rows (named genes). robjects.r("load('%s')"%path) # loads immgen e = robjects.r['data.frame']("exprs(immgen)") expression_data = np.array(e) This code runs, but expression_data is simply array([[1]]). I'm pretty sure that e doesn't represent the data frame generated by exprs() due to things like: In [40]: e._get_ncol() Out[40]: 1 In [41]: e._get_nrow() Out[41]: 1 But then again who knows? Even if e did represent my data.frame, that it doesn't convert straight to an array would be fair enough - a data frame has more in it than an array (rownames and colnames) and so maybe life shouldn't be this easy. However I still can't work out how to perform the conversion. The documentation is a bit too terse for me, though my limited understanding of the headings in the docs implies that this should be possible. Anyone any thoughts?

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  • How to more effectively debug PHP code in the vein JavaScript with Firebug or XCode?

    - by racl101
    Hi everyone, I'm kind of a newbie with PHP so please bear with me. I would like to know if there was an effective way of debugging PHP code so that I don't have to have debugging messages display on the browser. For example, I find var_dump and print_r functions to be excellent for debugging variables, function calls and arrays respectively. The problem is I have been asked to debug code on a live site (no dev site, I know it is a horrible practice but this is not my project from the start.) So I would like to know what core function or php library or whatever else it is that I could use to log debugging calls in to log that I can check so I don't have to send debugging calls to the browser on a live site? I like the way you can use the console.log function in JavaScript code and check it in Firebug or the Webkit Console and I also like like the console window in Xcode and I was wondering if there was some similar tool for PHP debugging. Any extra info and pearls of wisdom would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, racl101.

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  • In .NET, What Is Fastest Way to Initialize Multi-Dimensional Array to Non-Default Value

    - by AMissico
    How do I initialize a multi-dimensional array of a primitive type as fast as possible? I am stuck with using multi-dimensional arrays. My problem is performance. The following routine initializes a 100x100 array in approx. 500 ticks. Removing the int.MaxValue initialization results in approx. 180 ticks just for the looping. Approximately 100 ticks to create the array without looping and without initializing to int.MaxValue. Routines similiar to this are called a few tens-of-thousands to several million times. I am open to suggestions on how to optimize this non-default initialization of an array. One idea I had is to use a smaller primitive type when available. For instance, using byte instead of int, saves 100 ticks. I would be happy with this, but I am hoping that I don't have to change the primitive data type. public int[,] CreateArray(Size size) { int[,] array = new int[size.Width, size.Height]; for (int x = 0; x < size.Width; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < size.Height; y++) { array[x, y] = int.MaxValue; } } return array; }

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  • "multiply frog enemy" timer and array AS3

    - by VideoDnd
    How can I use the counter value to multiply the frogs in the array? My counter goes from 0-100. I want to prove that I can increment the enemies using a counter. EXPLAINED BETTER I have 10 frogs in an array. I want to use a timer to add 10 more frogs on each iteration of the TimerEvent.TIMER firing. //currentCount var timer:Timer = new Timer(1000, 50); timer.addEventListener(TimerEvent.TIMER, countdown); timer.start(); function countdown(event:TimerEvent) { // myText.text = String(0 + timer.currentCount); } //Creates 10 enemies "I want enemies to multiply 0-100" var enemyArray:Array = new Array(); for (var i:int = 0; i < 10; i++) { var noname:FrogClass = new FrogClass(); noname.x = i*10; //this will just assign some different x and y value depending on i. noname.y = i*11; enemyArray.push(noname); //put the enemy into the array addChild(noname); //puts it on the stage } SYMBOL PROPERTIES NAME "noname" CLASS "FrogClass" WHY I need specific examples using strings and arrays, because I'm stuck in a learning curve. Stupid examples are more fun!

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  • Why do System.IO.Log SequenceNumbers have variable length?

    - by Doug McClean
    I'm trying to use the System.IO.Log features to build a recoverable transaction system. I understand it to be implemented on top of the Common Log File System. The usual ARIES approach to write-ahead logging involves persisting log record sequence numbers in places other than the log (for example, in the header of the database page modified by the logged action). Interestingly, the documentation for CLFS says that such sequence numbers are always 64-bit integers. Confusingly, however, the .Net wrapper around those SequenceNumbers can be constructed from a byte[] but not from a UInt64. It's value can also be read as a byte[], but not as a UInt64. Inspecting the implementation of SequenceNumber.GetBytes() reveals that it can in fact return arrays of either 8 or 16 bytes. This raises a few questions: Why do the .Net sequence numbers differ in size from the CLFS sequence numbers? Why are the .Net sequence numbers variable in length? Why would you need 128 bits to represent such a sequence number? It seems like you would truncate the log well before using up a 64-bit address space (16 exbibytes, or around 10^19 bytes, more if you address longer words)? If log sequence numbers are going to be represented as 128 bit integers, why not provide a way to serialize/deserialize them as pairs of UInt64s instead of rather-pointlessly incurring heap allocations for short-lived new byte[]s every time you need to write/read one? Alternatively, why bother making SequenceNumber a value type at all? It seems an odd tradeoff to double the storage overhead of log sequence numbers just so you can have an untruncated log longer than a million terabytes, so I feel like I'm missing something here, or maybe several things. I'd much appreciate it if someone in the know could set me straight.

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  • How to shuffle pairs

    - by Jessy
    How to shuffle the elements in the pairs? The program below, generate all possible pairs and later shuffle the pairs. e.g. possible pairs before shuffle is ab,ac,ae,af..etc shuffled to ac,ae,af,ab...etc How to make it not only shuffled in pairs but within the elements in the pair itself? e.g. instead of ab, ac, how can I make ba, ac ? String[] pictureFile = {"a.jpg","b.jpg","c.jpg","d.jpg","e.jpg","f.jpg","g.jpg"}; List <String> pic1= Arrays.asList(pictureFile); ... ListGenerator pic2= new ListGenerator(pic1); ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> pic2= new ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>>(); public class ListGenerator { public ListGenerator(List<String> pic1) { int size = pic1.size(); // create a list of all possible combinations for(int i = 0 ; i < size ; i++) { for(int j = (i+1) ; j < size ; j++) { ArrayList<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<Integer>(); temp.add(i); temp.add(j); pic2.add(temp); } } Collections.shuffle(pic2); } //This method return the shuffled list public ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> getList() { return pic2; } }

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  • How to make an equation span the whole page / line in LaTeX?

    - by Reed Richards
    I have this equation and it's quite big (basically a FDM one) but it aligns with the text and then continues out on the right side to the nothingness. I've tried stuff like \begin{center} and \hspace*{-2.5cm} but to no avail. I want it to use the whole line not just from the left-margin and out to the right. How do I do it and do I need to install some special package for it? I use the \[ instead of the displaymath like this \[ Equation arrays here \] The code \[ \left( \begin{array}{cccccc} -(2\kappa+\frac{hV\rho}{2}) & (\frac{hV\rho}{2}-\kappa) & 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ -\kappa & -(2\kappa+\frac{hV\rho}{2}) & (\frac{hV\rho}{2}-\kappa) & 0 & \cdots \\ 0 & -\kappa & -(2\kappa+\frac{hV\rho}{2}) & (\frac{hV\rho}{2}-\kappa) & 0 & \cdots \\ \vdots & 0 & \ddots & \vdots \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & -\kappa & -(2\kappa+\frac{hV\rho}{2}) & (\frac{hV\rho}{2}-\kappa) \\ 0 & \vdots & \vdots & 0 & \kappa - \frac{2h\kappa_{v}}{\kappa}(\frac{hv\rho}{2} - \kappa) & -2\kappa \\ \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{c} T_{1} \\ T_{2} \\ \vdots \\ T_{n} \\ \end{array} \right) = \left( \begin{array}{c} Q(0) + \kappa T_{0} \\ Q(h) \\ Q(2h) \\ \vdots \\ Q((n-1)h) \\ 2\frac{\kappa_{v}}{\kappa_{v}}T_{out} \\ \end{array} \right) \]

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  • Misalignement in the output Bitmap created from a byte array

    - by Daniel
    I am trying to understand why I have troubles creating a Bitmap from a byte array. I post this after a careful scrutiny of the existing posts about Bitmap creation from byte arrays, like the followings: Creating a bitmap from a byte[], Working with Image and Bitmap in c#?, C#: Bitmap Creation using bytes array My code is aimed to execute a filter on a digital image 8bppIndexed writing the pixel value on a byte [] buffer to be converted again (after some processing to manage gray levels) in a 8BppIndexed Bitmap My input image is a trivial image created by means of specific perl code: https://www.box.com/shared/zqt46c4pcvmxhc92i7ct Of course, after executing the filter the output image has lost the first and last rows and the first and last columns, due to the way the filter manage borders, so from the original 256 x 256 image i get a 254 x 254 image. Just to stay focused on the issue I have commented the code responsible for executing the filter so that the operation really performed is an obvious: ComputedPixel = InputImage.GetPixel(myColumn, myRow).R; I know, i should use lock and unlock but I prefer one headache one by one. Anyway this code should be a sort of identity transform, and at last i use: private unsafe void FillOutputImage() { OutputImage = new Bitmap (OutputImageCols, OutputImageRows , PixelFormat .Format8bppIndexed); ColorPalette ncp = OutputImage.Palette; for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) ncp.Entries[i] = Color .FromArgb(255, i, i, i); OutputImage.Palette = ncp; Rectangle area = new Rectangle(0, 0, OutputImageCols, OutputImageRows); var data = OutputImage.LockBits(area, ImageLockMode.WriteOnly, OutputImage.PixelFormat); Marshal .Copy (byteBuffer, 0, data.Scan0, byteBuffer.Length); OutputImage.UnlockBits(data); } The output image I get is the following: https://www.box.com/shared/p6tubyi6dsf7cyregg9e It is quite clear that I am losing a pixel per row, but i cannot understand why: I have carefully controlled all the parameters: OutputImageCols, OutputImageRows and the byte [] byteBuffer length and content even writing known values as way to test. The code is nearly identical to other code posted in stackOverflow and elsewhere. Someone maybe could help to identify where the problem is? Thanks a lot

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  • Scale image to fit text boxes around borders

    - by nispio
    I have the following plot in Matlab: The image size may vary, and so may the length of the text boxes at the top and left. I dynamically determine the strings that go in these text boxes and then create them with: [M,N] = size(img); imagesc((1:N)-0.5,(1:M)-0.5, img > 0.5); axis image; grid on; colormap([1 1 1; 0.5 0.5 0.5]); set(gca,'XColor','k','YColor','k','TickDir','out') set(gca,'XTick',1:N,'XTickLabel',cell(1,N)) set(gca,'YTick',1:N,'YTickLabel',cell(1,N)) for iter = 1:M text(-0.5, iter-0.5, sprintf(strL, br{iter,:}), ... 'FontSize',16, ... 'HorizontalAlignment','right', ... 'VerticalAlignment','middle', ... 'Interpreter','latex' ); end for iter = 1:N text(iter-0.5, -0.5, {bc{:,iter}}, ... 'FontSize',16, ... 'HorizontalAlignment','center', ... 'VerticalAlignment','bottom', ... 'Interpreter','latex' ); end where br and bc are cell arrays containing the appropriate numbers for the labels. The problem is that most of the time, the text gets clipped by the edges of the figure. I am using this as a workaround: set(gca,'Position',[0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5]); As you can see, I am simply adding a larger border around the plot so that there is more room for the text. While this scaling works for one zoom level, if I maximize my plot window I get way too much empty space, and if I shrink my plot window, I get clipping again. Is there a more intelligent way to add these labels to use the minimum amount of space while making sure that the text does not get clipped?

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  • PHP - "Fat Free Framework" Find Methods and Showing Results in Template

    - by user1672808
    Just started trying the "Fat Free Framework" I'm building a site using a MySQL DB with 265 fields, and 5000+ rows in the DB; I can load() a specific record easily, no problems. When using find(), afind(), and even "select()", template will show blank lines or lines with "filler" text, with the correct number of rows for the query results, but no text/data from the DB itself; Same problem whether using objects or simply arrays from result (afind() and find()). I've copied/pasted the code verbatim from examples and from documentation, with only the DB specific items changed. Still, no luck. CODE IN PHP FILE (function from CLASS): static function home() { $featured=new Axon('boats'); $F3::set('boatlist',$featured->afind('D_CustomerID=173')); F3::set('content',TEMPLATE_DIR .'/home.html'); echo Template::serve(TEMPLATE_DIR .'/layout.html'); } TEMPLATE home.html: <div class="span8"> <h3> Featured Boats </h3> <F3:repeat group="{{@boatlist}}" value="{{@boat}}"> <div style="margin-left: 2em" class="thumbnails"> <p> <a href="boat/{{@boat['D_BoatNum']}}">{{trim(@boat['D_Description'])}}</a> by {{@boat['D_CustomerID']}} </p> <p> {{@boat['D_Price']}} </p> </div> </F3:repeat> </div> The number of rows this produces coincides with the correct number of rows in the DB. However, the actual data from each field does not show. Any ideas?

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  • Debugging PHP Mail() and/or PHPMailer

    - by Agos
    Hi, I'm quite stuck with a problem sending mail from a PHP script. Some data: Shared hosting, no SSH access, only hosting provider panel PHP version 5.2.5 Last year I built a site which had no problems sending mail with the same hosting Let's say the domain is “domain.com” and my private address is “[email protected]” for anonimity's sake in the following code. Here's the code: <?php error_reporting(E_ALL); ini_set("display_errors", 1); $to = "[email protected]"; $subject = "Hi"; $body = "Test 1\nTest 2\nTest 3"; $headers = 'From: [email protected]' . "\r\n" . 'errors-to: [email protected]' . "\r\n" . 'X-Mailer: PHP/' . phpversion(); if (mail($to, $subject, $body, $headers)) { echo("Message successfully sent"); } else { echo("Message sending failed"); } require('class.phpmailer.php'); $message = "Hello world"; $mail = new PHPMailer(); $mail->CharSet = "UTF-8"; $mail->AddAddress("[email protected]", "Agos"); $mail->SetFrom("[email protected]","My Site"); $mail->Subject = "Test Message"; $mail->Body = $message; $mail->Send(); ?> And here is what I get: Message sending failed 'ai' = 'application/postscript', 'eps' = 'application/postscript', 'ps' = 'application/postscript', 'smi' = 'application/smil', 'smil' = 'application/smil', 'mif' = 'application/vnd.mif', 'xls' = 'application/vnd.ms-excel', 'ppt' = 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint', 'wbxml' = 'application/vnd.wap.wbxml', 'wmlc' = 'application/vnd.wap.wmlc', 'dcr' = 'application/x-director', 'dir' = 'application/x-director', 'dxr' = 'application/x-director', 'dvi' = 'application/x-dvi', 'gtar' = 'application/x-gtar', 'php' = 'application/x-httpd-php', 'php4' = 'application/x-httpd-php', 'php3' = 'application/x-httpd-php', 'phtml' = 'application/x-httpd-php', 'phps' = 'application/x-httpd-php-source', 'js' = 'application/x-javascript', 'swf' = 'application/x-shockwave-flash', 'sit' = 'application/x-stuffit', 'tar' = 'application/x-tar', 'tgz' = 'application/x-tar', 'xhtml' = 'application/xhtml+xml', 'xht' = 'application/xhtml+xml', 'zip' = 'application/zip', 'mid' = 'audio/midi', 'midi' = 'audio/midi', 'mpga' = 'audio/mpeg', 'mp2' = 'audio/mpeg', 'mp3' = 'audio/mpeg', 'aif' = 'audio/x-aiff', 'aiff' = 'audio/x-aiff', 'aifc' = 'audio/x-aiff', 'ram' = 'audio/x-pn-realaudio', 'rm' = 'audio/x-pn-realaudio', 'rpm' = 'audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin', 'ra' = 'audio/x-realaudio', 'rv' = 'video/vnd.rn-realvideo', 'wav' = 'audio/x-wav', 'bmp' = 'image/bmp', 'gif' = 'image/gif', 'jpeg' = 'image/jpeg', 'jpg' = 'image/jpeg', 'jpe' = 'image/jpeg', 'png' = 'image/png', 'tiff' = 'image/tiff', 'tif' = 'image/tiff', 'css' = 'text/css', 'html' = 'text/html', 'htm' = 'text/html', 'shtml' = 'text/html', 'txt' = 'text/plain', 'text' = 'text/plain', 'log' = 'text/plain', 'rtx' = 'text/richtext', 'rtf' = 'text/rtf', 'xml' = 'text/xml', 'xsl' = 'text/xml', 'mpeg' = 'video/mpeg', 'mpg' = 'video/mpeg', 'mpe' = 'video/mpeg', 'qt' = 'video/quicktime', 'mov' = 'video/quicktime', 'avi' = 'video/x-msvideo', 'movie' = 'video/x-sgi-movie', 'doc' = 'application/msword', 'word' = 'application/msword', 'xl' = 'application/excel', 'eml' = 'message/rfc822' ); return (!isset($mimes[strtolower($ext)])) ? 'application/octet-stream' : $mimes[strtolower($ext)]; } /** * Set (or reset) Class Objects (variables) * * Usage Example: * $page-set('X-Priority', '3'); * * @access public * @param string $name Parameter Name * @param mixed $value Parameter Value * NOTE: will not work with arrays, there are no arrays to set/reset * @todo Should this not be using __set() magic function? */ public function set($name, $value = '') { try { if (isset($this-$name) ) { $this-$name = $value; } else { throw new phpmailerException($this-Lang('variable_set') . $name, self::STOP_CRITICAL); } } catch (Exception $e) { $this-SetError($e-getMessage()); if ($e-getCode() == self::STOP_CRITICAL) { return false; } } return true; } /** * Strips newlines to prevent header injection. * @access public * @param string $str String * @return string */ public function SecureHeader($str) { $str = str_replace("\r", '', $str); $str = str_replace("\n", '', $str); return trim($str); } /** * Set the private key file and password to sign the message. * * @access public * @param string $key_filename Parameter File Name * @param string $key_pass Password for private key */ public function Sign($cert_filename, $key_filename, $key_pass) { $this-sign_cert_file = $cert_filename; $this-sign_key_file = $key_filename; $this-sign_key_pass = $key_pass; } /** * Set the private key file and password to sign the message. * * @access public * @param string $key_filename Parameter File Name * @param string $key_pass Password for private key */ public function DKIM_QP($txt) { $tmp=""; $line=""; for ($i=0;$i<= $ord) && ($ord <= 0x3A)) || $ord == 0x3C || ((0x3E <= $ord) && ($ord <= 0x7E)) ) { $line.=$txt[$i]; } else { $line.="=".sprintf("%02X",$ord); } } return $line; } /** * Generate DKIM signature * * @access public * @param string $s Header */ public function DKIM_Sign($s) { $privKeyStr = file_get_contents($this-DKIM_private); if ($this-DKIM_passphrase!='') { $privKey = openssl_pkey_get_private($privKeyStr,$this-DKIM_passphrase); } else { $privKey = $privKeyStr; } if (openssl_sign($s, $signature, $privKey)) { return base64_encode($signature); } } /** * Generate DKIM Canonicalization Header * * @access public * @param string $s Header */ public function DKIM_HeaderC($s) { $s=preg_replace("/\r\n\s+/"," ",$s); $lines=explode("\r\n",$s); foreach ($lines as $key=$line) { list($heading,$value)=explode(":",$line,2); $heading=strtolower($heading); $value=preg_replace("/\s+/"," ",$value) ; // Compress useless spaces $lines[$key]=$heading.":".trim($value) ; // Don't forget to remove WSP around the value } $s=implode("\r\n",$lines); return $s; } /** * Generate DKIM Canonicalization Body * * @access public * @param string $body Message Body */ public function DKIM_BodyC($body) { if ($body == '') return "\r\n"; // stabilize line endings $body=str_replace("\r\n","\n",$body); $body=str_replace("\n","\r\n",$body); // END stabilize line endings while (substr($body,strlen($body)-4,4) == "\r\n\r\n") { $body=substr($body,0,strlen($body)-2); } return $body; } /** * Create the DKIM header, body, as new header * * @access public * @param string $headers_line Header lines * @param string $subject Subject * @param string $body Body */ public function DKIM_Add($headers_line,$subject,$body) { $DKIMsignatureType = 'rsa-sha1'; // Signature & hash algorithms $DKIMcanonicalization = 'relaxed/simple'; // Canonicalization of header/body $DKIMquery = 'dns/txt'; // Query method $DKIMtime = time() ; // Signature Timestamp = seconds since 00:00:00 - Jan 1, 1970 (UTC time zone) $subject_header = "Subject: $subject"; $headers = explode("\r\n",$headers_line); foreach($headers as $header) { if (strpos($header,'From:') === 0) { $from_header=$header; } elseif (strpos($header,'To:') === 0) { $to_header=$header; } } $from = str_replace('|','=7C',$this-DKIM_QP($from_header)); $to = str_replace('|','=7C',$this-DKIM_QP($to_header)); $subject = str_replace('|','=7C',$this-DKIM_QP($subject_header)) ; // Copied header fields (dkim-quoted-printable $body = $this-DKIM_BodyC($body); $DKIMlen = strlen($body) ; // Length of body $DKIMb64 = base64_encode(pack("H*", sha1($body))) ; // Base64 of packed binary SHA-1 hash of body $ident = ($this-DKIM_identity == '')? '' : " i=" . $this-DKIM_identity . ";"; $dkimhdrs = "DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=" . $DKIMsignatureType . "; q=" . $DKIMquery . "; l=" . $DKIMlen . "; s=" . $this-DKIM_selector . ";\r\n". "\tt=" . $DKIMtime . "; c=" . $DKIMcanonicalization . ";\r\n". "\th=From:To:Subject;\r\n". "\td=" . $this-DKIM_domain . ";" . $ident . "\r\n". "\tz=$from\r\n". "\t|$to\r\n". "\t|$subject;\r\n". "\tbh=" . $DKIMb64 . ";\r\n". "\tb="; $toSign = $this-DKIM_HeaderC($from_header . "\r\n" . $to_header . "\r\n" . $subject_header . "\r\n" . $dkimhdrs); $signed = $this-DKIM_Sign($toSign); return "X-PHPMAILER-DKIM: phpmailer.worxware.com\r\n".$dkimhdrs.$signed."\r\n"; } protected function doCallback($isSent,$to,$cc,$bcc,$subject,$body) { if (!empty($this-action_function) && function_exists($this-action_function)) { $params = array($isSent,$to,$cc,$bcc,$subject,$body); call_user_func_array($this-action_function,$params); } } } class phpmailerException extends Exception { public function errorMessage() { $errorMsg = '' . $this-getMessage() . " \n"; return $errorMsg; } } ? Fatal error: Class 'PHPMailer' not found in /mailtest.php on line 20 Which is baffling to say the least. Is there anything I can do to get at least some more meaningful errors? Why is code from the class showing up in my file?

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  • Storing multiple inputs with the same name in a CodeIgniter session

    - by Joshua Cody
    I've posted this in the CodeIgniter forum and exhausted the forum search engine as well, so apologies if cross-posting is frowned upon. Essentially, I've got a single input, set up as <input type="text" name="goal">. At a user's request, they may add another goal, which throws a duplicate to the DOM. What I need to do is grab these values in my CodeIgniter controller and store them in a session variable. My controller is currently constructed thusly: function goalsAdd(){ $meeting_title = $this->input->post('topic'); $meeting_hours = $this->input->post('hours'); $meeting_minutes = $this->input->post('minutes'); $meeting_goals = $this->input->post('goal'); $meeting_time = $meeting_hours . ":" . $meeting_minutes; $sessionData = array( 'totaltime' => $meeting_time, 'title' => $meeting_title, 'goals' => $meeting_goals ); $this->session->set_userdata($sessionData); $this->load->view('test', $sessionData); } Currently, obviously, my controller gets the value of each input, writing over previous values in its wake, leaving only a string of the final value. I need to store these, however, so I can print them on a subsequent page. What I imagine I'd love to do is extend the input class to be able to call $this-input-posts('goal'). Eventually I will need to store other arrays to session values. But I'm totally open to implementation suggestion. Thanks so much for any help you can give.

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