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  • Passing a non-iterable to list.extend ()

    - by JS
    Hello, I am creating a public method to allow callers to write values to a device, call it write_vals() for example. Since these values will by typed live, I would like to simplify the user's life by allowing them type in either a list or a single value, depending on how many values they need to write. For example: write_to_device([1,2,3]) or write_to_device(1) My function would like to work with a flat list, so I tried to be clever and code something like this: input_list = [] input_list.extend( input_val ) This works swimmingly when the user inputs a list, but fails miserably when the user inputs a single integer: TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable Using list.append() would create a nested list when a list was passed in, which would be an additional hassle to flatten. Checking the type of the object passed in seems clumsy and non-pythonic and wishing that list.extend() would accept non-iterables has gotten me nowhere. So has trying a variety of other coding methods. Suggestions (coding-related only, please) would be greatly appreciated.

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  • 256 colors, foreground and background

    - by push.cx
    This is a tale of two scripts and is related to a previous question. The two scripts are at http://gist.github.com/50692. The ansi.rb script displays all 256 colors on all 256 background colors. The ncurses.rb script displays all 256 foreground colors but the background displays the basic 16 and then seems to cycle through various attributes like blinking and reverse video. So what gives? Is this the bug in ncurses that it uses a signed integer for color pairs? (ie 'tput colors' says 256 but 'tput pairs' says 32767 instead 65536) It seems like if that were the case the first half of the colors pairs would display properly but the second half would repeat or get into the attributes as the int wraps.

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  • Multiple forms in delphi

    - by Hendriksen123
    In my Delphi Project i want to have a 'Settings' button that when clicked, opens a second form (i think this is the correct term, i essentially want a new window to open) for settings. When the user has finished changing the settings on this new form, i want the form to close on a button click. The settings the user types in will also need to be accessible to the first, 'main' form. So, for example, if my programme consisted of a main form, that calculated 'A' + 'B' (A and B being integer variables), with the settings form allowing the user to set values for A and B, how would i do this?

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  • Hibernate Subquery and DetachedCriteria

    - by dawez
    I have created a DetachedCriteria that is retrieving estates that have the isApproved and isPublished set to true. It is defined in this way: DetachedCriteria activePublishedCriteria = DetachedCriteria.forClass(Estate.class) .add(Restrictions.eq("isApproved", true)) .add(Restrictions.eq("isPublished", true)) .setResultTransformer(Criteria.DISTINCT_ROOT_ENTITY); I would like to reuse this criteria in some of the queries. In this case I would like to replace the isApproved and isPublished restrictions with the DetachedCriteria Criteria criteria = getSession().createCriteria(Estate.class) .createAlias("city", "c") .add(Restrictions.eq("c.id", cityID)) // the following 2 lines should be use the DetachedCriteria .add(Restrictions.eq("isApproved", true)) .add(Restrictions.eq("isPublished", true)) .setProjection(Projections.rowCount()); return (Integer) criteria.list().get(0); Is there a way to do this ? Tried to use .add.Subqueries.geAll(.... But cannot make it work properly. I could not find proper documentation on the Subqueries in Hibernate. Tips are welcomed.

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  • How to use derived class shared variables in shared methods of base class

    - by KoolKabin
    Hi guys, I am trying to add shared members in derived classes and use that values in base classes... I have base class DBLayer public shared function GetDetail(byval UIN as integer) dim StrSql = string.format("select * from {0} where uin = {1}", tablename, uin) .... end function end class my derived class class User inherits dblayer public shared tabledname as string = "users" end class class item inherits dblayer public shared tabledname as string = "item" end class class category inherits dblayer public shared tabledname as string = "category" end class currently there is error using the tablename variable of derived class in base class but i want to use it... coz i dun know other techniques... if other solutions are better then u can post it or u can say how can i make it work? confused...

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  • Objective C - RegexKitLite - Parsing inner contents of a string, ie: start(.*?)end

    - by Stu
    Please consider the following: NSString *myText = @"mary had a little lamb"; NSString *regexString = @"mary(.*?)little"; for)NSString *match in [myText captureComponentsMatchedByRegex:regexString]){ NSLog(@"%@",match); } This will output to the console two things: 1) "mary had a little" 2) "had a" What I want is just the 2nd bit of information "had a". Is there is a way of matching a string and returning just the inner part? I'm fairly new to Objective C, this feels a rather trivial question yet I can't find a less messy way of doing this than incrementing an integer in the for loop and on the second iteration storing the "had a" in an NSString.

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  • PHP 5.2.12 - Interesting Switch Statement Bug With Integers and Strings

    - by Levi Hackwith
    <?php $var = 0; switch($var) { case "a": echo "I think var is a"; break; case "b": echo "I think var is b"; break; case "c": echo "I think var is c"; break; default: echo "I know var is $var"; break; } ?> Maybe someone else will find this fascinating and have an answer. If you run this, it outputs I think the var is a when clearly it's 0. Now, I'm most certain this has something to do with the fact that we're using strings in our switch statement but the variable we're checking is an integer. Does anyone know why PHP behaves this way? It's nothing too major, but it did give me a bit of a headache today. Thanks folks!

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  • Function pointer arrays in Fortran

    - by Eduardo Dobay
    I can create function pointers in Fortran 90, with code like real, external :: f and then use f as an argument to another function/subroutine. But what if I want an array of function pointers? In C I would just do double (*f[])(int); to create an array of functions returning double and taking an integer argument. I tried the most obvious, real, external, dimension(3) :: f but gfortran doesn't let me mix EXTERNAL and DIMENSION. Is there any way to do what I want? (The context for this is a program for solving a system of differential equations, so I could input the equations without having a million parameters in my subroutines.)

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  • Why looping in Delphi faster than C#?

    - by isa
    Delphi: procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); var I,Tick:Integer; begin Tick := GetTickCount(); for I := 0 to 1000000000 do begin end; Button1.Caption := IntToStr(GetTickCount()-Tick)+' ms'; end; C#: private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { int tick = System.Environment.TickCount; for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; ++i) { } tick = System.Environment.TickCount - tick; button1.Text = tick.ToString()+" ms"; } Delphi gives around 515 ms C# gives around 3775 ms

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  • md5 hash for file without File Attributes

    - by Glennular
    Using the following code to compute MD5 hashs of files: Private _MD5Hash As String Dim md5 As New System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider Dim md5hash() As Byte md5hash = md5.ComputeHash(Me._BinaryData) Me._MD5Hash = ByteArrayToString(md5hash) Private Function ByteArrayToString(ByVal arrInput() As Byte) As String Dim sb As New System.Text.StringBuilder(arrInput.Length * 2) For i As Integer = 0 To arrInput.Length - 1 sb.Append(arrInput(i).ToString("X2")) Next Return sb.ToString().ToLower End Function We are getting different hashes depending on the create-date and modify-date of the file. We are storing the hash and the binary file in a SQL DB. This works fine when we upload the same instance of a file. But when we save a new instance of the file from the DB (with today's date as the create/modify) on the file-system and then check the new hash versus the MD5 stored in the DB they do not match, and therefor fail a duplicate check. How can we check for a file hash excluding the file attributes? or is there a different issue here?

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  • Advantage of using a static member function instead of an equivalent non-static member function?

    - by jonathanasdf
    I was wondering whether there's any advantages to using a static member function when there is a non-static equivalent. Will it result in faster execution (because of not having to care about all of the member variables), or maybe less use of memory (because of not being included in all instances)? Basically, the function I'm looking at is an utility function to rotate an integer array representing pixel colours an arbitrary number of degrees around an arbitrary centre point. It is placed in my abstract Bullet base class, since only the bullets will be using it and I didn't want the overhead of calling it in some utility class. It's a bit too long and used in every single derived bullet class, making it probably not a good idea to inline. How would you suggest I define this function? As a static member function of Bullet, of a non-static member function of Bullet, or maybe not as a member of Bullet but defined outside of the class in Bullet.h? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

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  • How to make Databinding type safe and support refactoring

    - by Ian Ringrose
    When I wish to bind a control to a property of my object, I have to provide the name of the property as a string. This is not very good because: If the property is removed or renamed, I don’t get a compiler warning. If a rename the property with a refactoring tool, it is likely the data binding will not be updated. I don’t get an error until runtime if the type of the property is wrong, e.g. binding an integer to a date chooser. Is there a design-paten that gets round this, but still has the ease of use of data-binding? (This is a problem in WinForm, Asp.net and WPF and most likely lots of other systems) I have now found "workarounds for nameof() operator in C#: typesafe databinding" that also has a good starting point for a solution.

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  • How are integers converted to strings under the hood?

    - by CrazyJugglerDrummer
    I suppose the real question is how to convert base2/binary to base10. The most common application of this would probably be in creating strings for output: turning a chunk of binary numerical data into an array of characters. How exactly is this done? my guess: Seeing as there probably isn't a string predefined for each numerical value, I'm guessing that the computer goes through each bit of the integer from right to left, each time incrementing the appropriate values in the char array/base10 notation places. If we take the number 160 in binary (10100000), it would know that a 1 in the 8th place means 128, so it places 1 into the third column, 2 in the second, and 8 in the third. The 1 in the 6th column means 32, and it would add those values to the second and first place, carrying over if needed. After this it's an easy conversion to actual char codes.

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  • Extracting text from a file where date -time is the index

    - by Soham
    I have got around 800 files of maximum 55KB-100KB each where the data is in this format Date/Time/Float1/Float2/Float3/Float4/Integer Date is in DD/MM/YYYY format and Time is in the format of HH:MM Here the date ranges from say 1st May to 1June and each day, the Time varies from 09:00 to 15:30. I want to run a program so that, for each file, it extracts the data pertaining to a particular given date and writes to a file. I will not face any problem in writing into directory operations. I am trying to get around, to form a to do a search and extract operation. I dont know, how to do it, would like to have some idea. Thanks Soham

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  • JPA optimistic lock - setting @Version to entity class cause query to include VERSION as column

    - by masato-san
    I'm using JPA Toplink Essential, Netbean6.8, GlassFish v3 In my Entity class I added @Version annotation to enable optimistic locking at transaction commit however after I added the annotation, my query started including VERSION as column thus throwing SQL exception. None of this is mentioned in any tutorial I've seen so far. What could be wrong? Snippet public class MasatosanTest2 implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @Basic(optional = false) @Column(name = "id") private Integer id; @Column(name = "username") private String username; @Column(name = "note") private String note; //here adding Version @Version int version; query used: SELECT m FROM MasatosanTest2 m Internal Exception: com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException Call: SELECT id, username, note, VERSION FROM MasatosanTest2

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  • Patterns for simulating optional "out" parameters in C#?

    - by Jesse McGrew
    I'm translating an API from C to C#, and one of the functions allocates a number of related objects, some of which are optional. The C version accepts several pointer parameters which are used to return integer handles to the objects, and the caller can pass NULL for some of the pointers to avoid allocating those objects: void initialize(int *mainObjPtr, int *subObjPtr, int *anotherSubObjPtr); initialize(&mainObj, &subObj, NULL); For the C# version, the obvious translation would use out parameters instead of pointers: public static void Initialize(out int mainObj, out int subObj, out int anotherSubObj); ... but this leaves no way to indicate which objects are unwanted. Are there any well-known examples of C# APIs doing something similar that I could imitate? If not, any suggestions?

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  • What is a convenient base for a bignum library & primality testing algorithm?

    - by nn
    Hi, I am to program the Solovay-Strassen primality test presented in the original paper on RSA. Additionally I will need to write a small bignum library, and so when searching for a convenient representation for bignum I came across this [specification][1]: struct { int sign; int size; int *tab; } bignum; I will also be writing a multiplication routine using the Karatsuba method. So, for my question: What base would be convenient to store integer data in the bignum struct? Note: I am not allowed to use third party or built-in implementations for bignum such as GMP. Thank you.

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  • Good input validation loop using cin - C++

    - by Alex
    Hi there, I'm in my second OOP class, and my first class was taught in C#, so I'm new to C++ and currently I am practicing input validation using cin. So here's my question: Is this loop I constructed a pretty good way of validating input? Or is there a more common/accepted way of doing it? Thanks! Code: int taxableIncome; int error; // input validation loop do { error = 0; cout << "Please enter in your taxable income: "; cin >> taxableIncome; if (cin.fail()) { cout << "Please enter a valid integer" << endl; error = 1; cin.clear(); cin.ignore(80, '\n'); } }while(error == 1);

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  • How to import text file to table with primary key as auto-increment

    - by webworm
    I have some bulk data in a text file that I need to import into a MySQL table. The table consists of two fields .. ID (integer with auto-increment) Name (varchar) The text file is a large collection of names with one name per line ... (example) John Doe Alex Smith Bob Denver I know how to import a text file via phpMyAdmin however, as far as I understand, I need to import data that has the same number of fields as the target table. Is there a way to import the data from my text file into one field and have the ID field auto-increment automatically? Thank you in advance for any help.

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  • What is the correct way to specify dimensions in DIP from Java code ?

    - by Pavel Lahoda
    Trying to digest docs about design Multiple resolutions (http://d.android.com/guide/practices/screens_support.html#dips-pels) I found that it is possible to set dimensions of my interface elements in XML layouts using DIPs as in following fragment : "android:layout_width="10dip" But all Java interface takes integer as arguments and there is no way to specify dimensions in DIPs. What is the correct way to calculate this ? I figured that I have to use property density of DisplayMetrics class but is this a correct way ? May I relly that formula : pixels * DisplayMetrics.density = dip is always correct ? Will there be API in DIPs for Java ?

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  • DataAnnotations in ASP.NET MVC 2 - Stop MVC from applying RequiredAttribute to Non-nullable DateTime

    - by jwwishart
    Im trying to create a custom version of the RequiredAttribute to replace the built in one and I've got it working for properties that have strings values, but with properties that are DateTime or integer for example, the default RequiredAttribute seems to be applied automatically (IF the property is not nullable!) My problem is that i want to be able to specify a DateTime property as required using my custom required validator which gets the error message from a resources file (I don't want to have to tell the RequiredAttribute the type of the resource file and the key every time i apply it. That is why I'm making a custom one.) How can i prevent the framework from applying the required attribute to properties of type DateTime and int etc without changing them to nullable. Thanks

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  • versioning fails for onetomany collection holder

    - by Alexander Vasiljev
    given parent entity @Entity public class Expenditure implements Serializable { ... @OneToMany(mappedBy = "expenditure", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true) @OrderBy() private List<ExpenditurePeriod> periods = new ArrayList<ExpenditurePeriod>(); @Version private Integer version = 0; ... } and child one @Entity public class ExpenditurePeriod implements Serializable { ... @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="expenditure_id", nullable = false) private Expenditure expenditure; ... } While updating both parent and child in one transaction, org.hibernate.StaleObjectStateException is thrown: Row was updated or deleted by another transaction (or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect): Indeed, hibernate issues two sql updates: one changing parent properties and another changing child properties. Do you know a way to get rid of parent update changing child? The update results both in inefficiency and false positive for optimistic lock. Note, that both child and parent save their state in DB correctly. Hibernate version is 3.5.1-Final

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  • Data structure in c for fast look-up/insertion/removal of integers (from a known finite domain)

    - by MrDatabase
    I'm writing a mobile phone based game in c. I'm interested in a data structure that supports fast (amortized O(1) if possible) insertion, look-up, and removal. The data structure will store integers from the domain [0, n] where n is known ahead of time (it's a constant) and n is relatively small (on the order of 100000). So far I've considered an array of integers where the "ith" bit is set iff the "ith" integer is contained in the set (so a[0] is integers 0 through 31, a[1] is integers 32 through 63 etc). Is there an easier way to do this in c?

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  • More specific NSNumberFormatter failure behaviour

    - by Volte
    I have an NSTextField into which I need the user to enter a number between a max and min, and it would be nice if I could detect when the NSNumberFormatter fails that particular test so I can either display a nicer message ("The number is too large" is not very helpful, it needs to display the valid range) or simply set the field automatically to the nearest valid value. I've looked at the NSTextField delegate's -control:didFailToFormatString:errorDescription: method which doesn't seem to allow you to modify the error, and I've looked at overriding the NSNumberFormatter's -getObjectValue:forString:range:error: method which does give me an NSError that I can modify, but there doesn't seem to be any way to determine which specific error was returned. Since I am just entering a simple integer, I don't need most of the functionality in NSNumberFormatter, would I be better off just writing my own formatter from scratch?

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  • Rationale behind Python's preferred for syntax

    - by susmits
    What is the rationale behind the advocated use of the for i in xrange(...)-style looping constructs in Python? For simple integer looping, the difference in overheads is substantial. I conducted a simple test using two pieces of code: File idiomatic.py: #!/usr/bin/env python M = 10000 N = 10000 if __name__ == "__main__": x, y = 0, 0 for x in xrange(N): for y in xrange(M): pass File cstyle.py: #!/usr/bin/env python M = 10000 N = 10000 if __name__ == "__main__": x, y = 0, 0 while x < N: while y < M: y += 1 x += 1 Profiling results were as follows: bash-3.1$ time python cstyle.py real 0m0.109s user 0m0.015s sys 0m0.000s bash-3.1$ time python idiomatic.py real 0m4.492s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.031s I can understand why the Pythonic version is slower -- I imagine it has a lot to do with calling xrange N times, perhaps this could be eliminated if there was a way to rewind a generator. However, with this deal of difference in execution time, why would one prefer to use the Pythonic version?

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