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  • SSH tunnels with multiple outbound IPs

    - by Peter Johansson
    I have a VPS with multiple IP addresses allocated to it (we can use debian, centos or ubuntu). I can ssh into the server using any of the IP addresses. However, any ssh tunnel I set up always uses just one of the IP addresses as its origination IP. How do I configure the server so that when I ssh tunnel into IP1, its outbound IP is IP1. And when I ssh tunnel into IP2, its outbound IP is IP2?

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  • We have no SW Firewall behind our office HW firewall, admin says its not req'd

    - by Makach
    I've recently changed jobs and I've been set up with a new workstation. On all previous places where I've been working they've had some sort of local firewall installed on each and every workstation - but here I've been told not to activate it because it is not necessary since we're already behind a HW Firewall. To me this seem a bit naïve, but I cannot emphasise it. I always thought a local firewall was good practice, ie. if something managed to come through the hw firewall there might be a slight chance other computers on the lan would block the internal threath. We got free access to internet and we got a virus checker installed.

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  • Best book for learning linux shell scripting?

    - by chakrit
    I normally works on Windows machines but on some occasions I do switch to development on linux. And my most recent project will be written entirely on a certain linix platforms (not the standard Apache/MySQL/PHP setup). So I thought it would pay to learn to write some linux automation script now. I can get around the system, start/stop services, compile/install stuffs fine. Those are probably basic drills for a programmer. But if, for example, I wanted to deploy a certain application automatically to a newly minted linux machine every month I'd love to know how to do it. So if I wanted to learn serious linux shell scripting, what book should I be reading? Thanks

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  • Samba Server Make Multiple User Permissions Profiles

    - by Scriptonaut
    I have a Samba file server running, and I was wondering how I could make multiple user accounts that have different permissions. For example, at the moment I have a user, smbusr, but when I ssh to the share, I can read, write, execute, and even navigate out of the samba directory and do stuff on the actual computer. This is bad because I want to be able to give out my IP so friends/family can use the server, but I don't want them to be able to do just anything. I want to lock the user in the samba share directory(and all the sub directories). Eventually I would like several profiles such as (smbusr_R, smbusr_RW, smbguest_R, smbguest_RW). I also have a second question related to this, is SSH the best method to connect from other unix machines? What about VPN? Or simply mounting like this: mount -t ext3 -o user=username //ipaddr/share /mnt/mountpoint Is that mounting command above the same thing as a vpn? This is really confusing me. Thanks for the help guys, let me know if you need to see any files, or need anymore information.

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  • iptables syn flood countermeasure

    - by Penegal
    I'm trying to adjust my iptables firewall to increase the security of my server, and I found something a bit problematic here : I have to set INPUT policy to ACCEPT and, in addition, to have a rule saying iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT. Here comes my script (launched manually for tests) : #!/bin/sh IPT=/sbin/iptables echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X echo "Defining logging policy for dropped packets" $IPT -N LOGDROP $IPT -A LOGDROP -j LOG -m limit --limit 5/min --log-level debug --log-prefix "iptables rejected: " $IPT -A LOGDROP -j DROP echo "Setting firewall policy" $IPT -P INPUT DROP # Deny all incoming connections $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # Allow all outgoing connections $IPT -P FORWARD DROP # Deny all forwaring echo "Allowing connections from/to lo and incoming connections from eth0" $IPT -I INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -I OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #$IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SYN flood countermeasures" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp -i eth0 --syn -m limit --limit 100/second --limit-burst 200 -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing outgoing traffic corresponding to already initiated connections" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p ALL -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing incoming SSH" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name SSH -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SSH bruteforce attacks countermeasures (deny more than 10 connections every 10 minutes)" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m recent --update --seconds 600 --hitcount 10 --rttl --name SSH -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing incoming traffic for HTTP, SMTP, NTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 123 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing traffic for ICMP, SSH, whois, SMTP, DNS, HTTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 43 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing FTP backup" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 20:21 -o eth0 -d 91.121.190.78 -j ACCEPT echo "Dropping and logging everything else" $IPT -A INPUT -s 0/0 -j LOGDROP $IPT -A OUTPUT -j LOGDROP $IPT -A FORWARD -j LOGDROP echo "Firewall loaded." echo "Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests" sleep 180 $IPT -nvL echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT When I launch this script (I only have a SSH access), the shell displays every message up to Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests, the server is unresponsive during the 3 minutes delay and then resume normal operations. The only solution I found until now was to set $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT, but this configuration does not protect me of any attack, which is a great shame for a firewall. I suspect that the error comes from my script and not from iptables, but I don't understand what's wrong with my script. Could some do-gooder explain me my error, please? EDIT: here comes the result of iptables -nvL with the "accept all input" ($IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT) solution : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 52 ACCEPT all -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 2 728 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.78 tcp dpts:20:21 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (5 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 5/min burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 EDIT #2 : I modified my script (policy ACCEPT, defining authorized incoming packets then logging and dropping everything else) to write iptables -nvL results to a file and to allow only 10 ICMP requests per second, logging and dropping everything else. The result proved unexpected : while the server was unavailable to SSH connections, even already established, I ping-flooded it from another server, and the ping rate was restricted to 10 requests per second. During this test, I also tried to open new SSH connections, which remained unanswered until the script flushed rules. Here comes the iptables stats written after these tests : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 6 360 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS." ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: www.anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 105 8820 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 10/sec burst 5 830 69720 LOGDROP icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 16 1684 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 0 0 LOGDROP udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 116 11136 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.18 tcp dpts:20:21 7 1249 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (11 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 35 3156 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 1/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 859 73013 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Here comes the log content added during this test : Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55666 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55667 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55668 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55669 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:52 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55670 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:54 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55671 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:58 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55672 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=6 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=7 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=8 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=9 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=59 Mar 28 09:53:00 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=152 Mar 28 09:53:01 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=246 Mar 28 09:53:02 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=339 Mar 28 09:53:03 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=432 Mar 28 09:53:04 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=524 Mar 28 09:53:05 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=617 Mar 28 09:53:06 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=711 Mar 28 09:53:07 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=804 Mar 28 09:53:08 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=897 Mar 28 09:53:16 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61402 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:19 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61403 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:21 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55674 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:25 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61404 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55675 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55676 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55677 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:38 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55678 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55679 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5055 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:41 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55680 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:42 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5056 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:45 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55681 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:48 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5057 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 If I correctly interpreted these results, they say that ICMP rules were correctly interpreted by iptables, but SSH rules were not. This does not make any sense... Does somebody understand where my error comes from? EDIT #3 : After some more tests, I found out that commenting the SYN flood countermeasure removes the problem. I continue researches in this way but, meanwhile, if somebody sees my anti SYN flood rule error...

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  • apt-get update getting 404 on debian lenny

    - by JoelFan
    Here is my /etc/apt/sources.list ###### Debian Main Repos deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ lenny main contrib non-free ###### Debian Update Repos deb http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ lenny-proposed-updates main contrib non-free When I do: # apt-get update I'm getting some good lines, then: Err http://ftp.us.debian.org lenny/contrib Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] Err http://ftp.us.debian.org lenny/non-free Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] Err http://ftp.us.debian.org lenny-proposed-updates/main Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] Err http://ftp.us.debian.org lenny-proposed-updates/contrib Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] Err http://ftp.us.debian.org lenny-proposed-updates/non-free Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] Err http://ftp.us.debian.org lenny/main Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.debian.org/dists/lenny/updates/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 149.20.20.6 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.debian.org/dists/lenny/updates/contrib/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 149.20.20.6 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.debian.org/dists/lenny/updates/non-free/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 149.20.20.6 80] W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny/contrib/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny/non-free/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny-proposed-updates/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny-proposed-updates/contrib/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny-proposed-updates/non-free/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] W: Failed to fetch http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] E: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead. Now what?

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  • Determine nginx reverse-proxy load limits

    - by Aaron
    Hi all: I have an nginx server (CentOS 5.3, linux) that I'm using as a reverse-proxy load-balancer in front of 8 ruby on rails application servers. As our load on these servers increases, I'm beginning to wonder at what point will the nginx server become a bottleneck? The CPUs are hardly used, but that's to be expected. The memory seems to be fine. No IO to speak of. So is my only limitation bandwidth on the NICs? Currently, according to some cacti graphs, the server is hitting around 700Kbps ( 5 min average ) on each NIC during high load. I would think this is still pretty low. Or, will the limit be in sockets or some other resource in the operating system? Thanks for any thoughts and insights. Aaron

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  • How do you host multiple public facing websites on a VPS?

    - by pedroarvy
    We host about 30 websites using typical shared hosting plans using ASP.NET and SQL 2000/2005/2008. I am now wondering about hosting all of these websites using our own virtual private server. This is clearly cheaper but comes with a lot of questions I need answers to: Is the risk of having to keep this VPS server up and running worth it? Until now, the host provider has managed the server and we have not had to worry about crashes, downtime, software patches etc. We are not server administrators, we are programmers, so this is not really our expertise. On the other hand, it may not be hard to learn. When we make a website live, we log in to a domain management control panel and change the primary and secondary name servers to point to our shared web host: Eg ns1.sharedwebhost.com and ns2.sharedwebhost.com These name servers are going to have to change when we have a VPS. I don’t understand anything about how to set this up. Is there some useful info anyone could direct me to? Or is there software we need to install to make the primary and secondary name servers work on our VPS? The control panel we have for shared hosting comes with DNS management like this: http://www.yart.com.au/stackoverflow/dns.png What software would I need to install to create this for each site we host at a VPS? The control panel we have for shared hosting also comes with a POP email interface that allows email addresses to be added easily by our customers. Is this something that can be easily set up at a VPS so clients can manage their own email addresses? Is there software we need to install to make this work?

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  • CORS Fails on CloudFront Distribution with Nginx Origin

    - by kgrote
    I have a CloudFront distribution set up with an Nginx server as the origin (a Media Temple DV server, to be specific). I enabled the Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * header so fonts will work in Firefox. However, Firefox throws a CORS error for fonts loaded from this CloudFront/Nginx distribution. I created another CloudFront distribution, this time with an Apache server as the origin, and set Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * also. Firefox displays fonts from this origin without issue. I've set up a demo page here: http://kristengrote.com/cors-test/ When I perform a curl request for the same font file from each distribution, both files return almost exactly the same headers: Apache Origin Nginx Origin ——————————————————— ——————————————————— HTTP/1.1 200 OK HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache Server: nginx Content-Type: application/font-woff Content-Type: application/font-woff Content-Length: 25428 Content-Length: 25428 Connection: keep-alive Connection: keep-alive Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2014 23:23:09 GMT Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2014 23:15:23 GMT Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Jun 2014 22:15:56 GMT Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Jun 2014 22:56:09 GMT Accept-Ranges: bytes Accept-Ranges: bytes Cache-Control: max-age=2592000 Cache-Control: max-age=2592000 Expires: Fri, 11 Jul 2014 23:23:09 GMT Expires: Fri, 11 Jul 2014 23:15:23 GMT Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, HEAD Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, HEAD Access-Control-Allow-Headers: * Access-Control-Allow-Headers: * Access-Control-Max-Age: 3000 Access-Control-Max-Age: 3000 X-Cache: Hit from cloudfront X-Cache: Hit from cloudfront Via: 1.1 210111ffb8239a13be669aa7c59f53bd.cloudfront.net (CloudFront) Via: 1.1 fa0dd57deefe7337151830e7e9660414.cloudfront.net (CloudFront) X-Amz-Cf-Id: QWucpBoZnS3B8E1mlXR2V5V-SVUoITCeVb64fETuAgNuGuTLnbzAhw== X-Amz-Cf-Id: E2Z3VOIfR5QPcYN1osOgvk0HyBwc3PxrFBBHYdA65ZntXDe-srzgUQ== Age: 487 X-Accel-Version: 0.01 X-Powered-By: PleskLin X-Robots-Tag: noindex, nofollow So the only conclusion I can draw is that something about Nginx is preventing Firefox from recognizing CORS and allowing the fonts via CloudFront. Any ideas on what the heck is happening here?

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  • Running nph-script.cgi keeps outputting Server details at the end

    - by wgewweg
    I am running a nph-script.cgi on my server. The server keeps adding HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 05 Nov 2009 02:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.8-1hardy~ppa1 with Suhosin-Patch mod_perl/2.0.3 Perl/v5.8.8 Content-Length: 0 Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: text/plain X-Pad: avoid browser bug At the bottom of each page loaded via the .cgi script. why is this the case? How do I remove this annoying message that is appended to all pages ?

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  • XenServer 5.6.1-fp1. Can't get network working

    - by bakytn
    I have a PC where XenServer 5.6.1 fp-1 has been successfully installed. I've manually set the network settings: 192.168.1.50 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 but it's set to xenbr0 iface. While eth0 is empty. When I click on "Configure Management Inteface" it shows that eth0 is connected. But when I ping a default gateway (which is 100% should be accessible) it fails. I used to another shell (Alt+F3) and logged as root. I also failed to ping. with both: ping -I eth0 192.168.1.1 and ping -I xenbr0 192.168.1.1 Be assured that: Cable works Ethernet adapter is 100% functional (prev OS was Ubuntu it was working) There is no firewall rule to deny anything. (everything is allowed)

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  • Backing up Windows Server 2008 R2 to FTP server

    - by Adrian Grigore
    Hi, I'm looking for an inexpensive way of backing up my Windows 2008 R2 dedicated server to an FTP server. To be any useful, the software should also be able to restore the server by using a bootable CD and the backup set stored on the FTP server. So Windows server backup seems to be out of the question. Can anyone recommend any suitable products? Preferably some you have actually tried yourself? Thanks, Adrian Edit: Just to clarify, by inexpensive I mean something that costs 250 EUR or less...

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  • Linux boot on a raid1 software raid ?

    - by azera
    Hello I am trying to convert my single disk boot to a raid1 boot So far here is what i have: I sucessfully create the raid 1 as degraded with the new drive alone, I copied all the data on it I can mount that raid 1, see its files etc I already have a raid5 that is working on the same box (although not booting on it) I have installed grub on both drive When grub boot, it loads the kernel alright, but during the kernel boot it fails to load the "root block device" The kernel tells me : 1 - detected that root device is an md device 2 - determining root devices 3 - mounting root 4 - mounting /dev/md125 on /newroot failed: input/output error. Please enter another root device: ... At this point, if I enter /dev/sda3 (my "old" root device that isn't converted to raid yet) everything boots fine without the root. The /dev/md125 device is indeed created but it seems to be created after the error happens, as in it creates it after loading the device, when mdadm is loaded. Somehow it looks like it can't/doesn't load the raid array before it needs to mount it, and I don't know how I can solve that. My config files (taken from the system once it boots with sda3 as root device): $ cat /etc/mdadm.conf ARRAY /dev/md/md0-r5 metadata=0.90 UUID=1a118934:c831bdb3:64188b84:66721085 ARRAY /dev/md125 metadata=0.90 UUID=48ec4190:a80d4dde:64188b84:66721085 $ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid0] [raid10] md125 : active raid1 sdc3[1] 477853312 blocks [2/1] [_U] md127 : active raid5 sdd[0] sdf[3] sdb[2] sde[1] 4395415488 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU] unused devices: <none> $ cat /boot/grub/menu.lst default 0 timeout 8 splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz title Gentoo Linux 2.6.31-r10 root (hd0,0) #kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-2.6.31-gentoo-r10 root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda3 kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-2.6.31-gentoo-r10 root=/dev/md125 md=125,/dev/sdc3,/dev/sda3 initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86_64-2.6.31-gentoo-r10 # blkid /dev/sda1: UUID="89fee223-b845-4e0a-8a0b-e6cf695d5bcf" TYPE="ext2" /dev/sda2: UUID="a72296a8-d7d4-447f-a34b-ee920fd1a767" TYPE="swap" /dev/sda3: UUID="97eb0a6a-c385-4a9d-bf74-c0bab1fa4dc1" TYPE="ext3" /dev/sdb: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sdc1: UUID="d36537fd-19a0-b8a3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sdd: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sde: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/md127: UUID="13a41589-4cf1-4c04-91ca-37484182c783" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdf: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sdc2: UUID="a1916397-1b48-45d7-9f98-73aa521e882f" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdc3: UUID="48ec4190-a80d-4dde-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/md125: UUID="c947ed64-1d4d-4d1d-b4d2-24669fff916e" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" # mdadm -E mdadm: No devices to examine # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe975e9fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 5 40131 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6 1311 10490445 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 1312 60801 477853425 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdc: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe975e9fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 5 40131 83 Linux /dev/sdc2 6 1311 10490445 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdc3 1312 60801 477853425 83 Linux Disk /dev/md125: 489.3 GB, 489321791488 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 119463328 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md125 doesn't contain a valid partition table

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  • How to construct SELinux rules for a Glassfish server

    - by tronda
    I'm running Glassfish 3.1 on a CentOS 6 solution and by default SELinux is enabled. I have installed Sun's JDK version 1.6.0_29 on the server and extracted the Glassfish 3.1.1 to /opt/glassfish-3.1.1 with a link /opt/glassfish pointing to the latest Glassfish version. I've also created a system user named glassfish with a home directory /home/glassfish. When running with SELinux enabled I get all sorts of errors. For instance I'm not able to create the domain. I kind of like the concept of SELinux, and would like to be able to have SELinux enabled. I have the following requirements for the Glassfish server: Listening to port 8080 and 8081 Other ports 7676: JMS 8686: JMX monitoring, 4848: Admin console Forwarding from apache to Glassfish through mod_jk and port 8009 Starting OpenMQ as an separate process which listens to 7676 and it's JMX monitoring port 7776 Able to read and write files at a specified area (different from home directory) Able to use /tmp/ for temporary files I am aware of the audit2allow tool when running in permissive mode, but I struggle with understanding the rules that is generated from this tool, and thought that setting up these rule manually the first time would help me understand the SELinux rules better than the simplistic examples that I've seen so far. Can someone with SELinux experience help me form these SELinux rules with comments describing each part of the rules?

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  • dedicated server - cgi-sys/defaultwebpage.cgi redirect when accessing via server IP

    - by Ross
    Hi This isn't so much of a problem, but would like to know why this happens. we have a dedicated server running WHM. If I access the server via its IP address directly I am automatically redirected to http://xx.xxx.xx.xxx/cgi-sys/defaultwebpage.cgi I know how to edit this page (this isnt the problem) I'm just curious why I get redirected to this .cgi page, rather than simply remain @ xx.xxx.xx.xxx/ and view my default "landing page", if you like. What setting could I change so that if anyone visits my server IP, they do not get redirected to xx.xxx.xx.xxx/cgi-sys/defaultwebpage.cgi For instance if you visit 173.194.37.104 (google), you view the google home page, but URL remains the same. Hope this makes sense. thanks

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  • VLAN support on Juniper EX - 2200 switches

    - by liv2hak
    I have 6 Juniper switches (EX - 2200) connected to each other as shown in the network topology below. I have two PC's that I am using PC1 - (used for configuring the 6 switches via minicom) PC2 - to monitor the traffic between the switches via the Ports that are marked with arrows in the diagram. STEP 1: I create a new vlan On Switch 3 (SW3) that includes Port 12 and Port 22. I also assign l3-interface to the vlan (vlan_2) with ip address - 192.168.1.7. Now I plug-in Port 0 of Switch 3 on PC2. Now I try pinging 192.168.1.7 from PC2 (192.168.1.10) I want to know what will happen? My postulation is that I will not be able to ping SW3 from PC2.This is because SW3 (Port 12 and Port 22) is a part of a vlan_2 and vlan_2 logically breaks up broadcast domains and so 192.168.1.7 will not be reachable from 192.168.1.10. Now I have an l3-interface on SW1 with IP 192.168.1.1 using default vlan( vlan-id 0). Similarly I have enabled IP on SW2 - 192.168.1.2 SW3 - 192.168.1.3 SW4 - 192.168.1.4 SW5 - 192.168.1.5 SW6 - 192.168.1.6 all using default vlan. Now I plug in Port 12 of SW3 (blue cable) into the PC2. I try to ping 192.168.1.1 from PC2. What will happen at this stage.? My postulation is that I will be able to ping switch 1.Is this correct? Also another question is that can a single port on a Switch be added multiple VLANS? I am a beginner at network configuration? Any help would be highly appreciated. (Please ignore the CISCO symbol on the switches in the diagram.All swithes are Junper EX 22-00.)

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  • Linux Server hacked?

    - by user115848
    I'm trying to determine if this linex webserver/openfire server has been compromised by some form of malware or a hacker. Can you please help me determine if this server has been hacked? The snippet of logs below are from the linux server running apache. A few days ago the moodle site, which is installed on the server, started to render the apache default page. Also the access logs show some activity im not sure of. Please see logs below. 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:13:31:01 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:13:31:01 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 99.41.69.92 - - [02/Apr/2012:13:33:35 -0600] "GET /files/externallibs.php HTTP/1.1" 404 306 "-" "curl/7.18.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.18.0 OpenSSL/0.9.8g zlib/1.2.3.3 libidn/1.1" 212.34.151.92 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:01:46 -0600] "GET /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 305 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT 5.1) Opera 7.01 [en]" 212.34.151.92 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:01:46 -0600] "POST /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 305 "http://173.164.35.181/phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php\r" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT 5.1) Opera 7.01 [en]" 82.223.140.4 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:05:03 -0600] "GET /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 305 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT 5.1) Opera 7.01 [en]" 82.223.140.4 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:05:04 -0600] "POST /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 305 "_http://173.164.35.181/phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php\r" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT 5.1) Opera 7.01 [en]" 10.0.0.100 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:25:35 -0600] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 5043 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.2.15) Gecko/20110330 CentOS/3.6-1.el5.centos Firefox/3.6.15" 10.0.0.100 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:25:38 -0600] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 295 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.2.15) Gecko/20110330 CentOS/3.6-1.el5.centos Firefox/3.6.15" 50.17.41.60 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:27:29 -0600] "HEAD /icons/apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.0" 200 - "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; NetcraftSurveyAgent/1.0; [email protected])" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:42:33 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:42:33 -0600] "POST _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:42:33 -0600] "GET _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:14:42:36 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:03:48 -0600] "POST _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:03:48 -0600] "GET _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:03:48 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:03:48 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 66.233.63.54 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:12:19 -0600] "GET /files/externallibs.php HTTP/1.1" 404 306 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0; WOW64; rv:11.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/11.0" 70.114.161.135 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:17:12 -0600] "GET /files/externallibs.php HTTP/1.1" 404 306 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:11.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/11.0" 99.41.69.231 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:52:21 -0600] "GET /files/externallibs.php HTTP/1.1" 404 306 "-" "curl/7.18.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.18.0 OpenSSL/0.9.8g zlib/1.2.3.3 libidn/1.1" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:55:40 -0600] "GET _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:55:40 -0600] "POST _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:55:40 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:15:55:40 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 10.0.0.253 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:01:45 -0600] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 5043 "-" "WWW-Mechanize/1.0.0 (http://rubyforge.org/projects/mechanize/)" 10.0.0.253 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:02:27 -0600] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 5043 "-" "WWW-Mechanize/1.0.0 (http://rubyforge.org/projects/mechanize/)" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:13:40 -0600] "POST _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:13:40 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:13:40 -0600] "GET _http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:13:40 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 89.135.124.125 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:20:47 -0600] "GET /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 305 "_http://173.164.35.181/phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php" "Opera" 89.135.124.125 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:20:48 -0600] "POST /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 305 "_http://173.164.35.181/phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php" "Opera" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:29:59 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:29:59 -0600] "GET http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:29:59 -0600] "CONNECT 213.92.8.7:31204 HTTP/1.0" 405 303 "-" "-" 85.190.0.3 - - [02/Apr/2012:16:29:59 -0600] "POST http://vlad-tepes.bofh.it/freenode-proxy-checker.txt HTTP/1.0" 404 307 "-" "-"

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  • How can I install Satchmo?

    - by Jonathan Hayward
    I am trying to install Satchmo 0.9 on an Ubuntu 9.10 guest off of the instructions at http://bitbucket.org/chris1610/satchmo/downloads/Satchmo.pdf. I run into difficulties at 2.1.2: pip install -r http://bitbucket.org/chris1610/satchmo/raw/tip/scripts/requirements.txt pip install -e hg+http://bitbucket.org/chris1610/satchmo/@v0.9#egg=satchmo The first command fails because a compile error for how it's trying to build PIL. So I ran an "aptitude install python-imaging", locally copy the first line's requirements.text, and remove the line that's unsuccessfully trying to build PIL. The first line completes without error, as does the second. The next step tells me to change directory to the /path/to/new/store, and run: python clonesatchmo.py A little bit of trouble here; I am told that clonesatchmo.py will be in /bin by now, and it isn't there, but I put some Satchmo stuff under /usr/local, create a symlink in /bin, and run: python /bin/clonesatchmo.py This gives: jonathan@ubuntu:~/store$ python /bin/clonesatchmo.py Creating the Satchmo Application Traceback (most recent call last): File "/bin/clonesatchmo.py", line 108, in <module> create_satchmo_site(opts.site_name) File "/bin/clonesatchmo.py", line 47, in create_satchmo_site import satchmo_skeleton ImportError: No module named satchmo_skeleton A find after apparently checking out the repository reveals that there is no file with a name like satchmo*skeleton* on my system. I thought that bash might be prone to take part of the second pip invocation's URL as the beginning of a comment; I tried both: pip install -e hg+http://bitbucket.org/chris1610/satchmo/@v0.9\#egg=satchmo pip install -e hg+http://bitbucket.org/chris1610/satchmo/@v0.9#egg=satchmo Neither way of doing it seems to take care of the import error mentioned above. How can I get a Satchmo installation under Ubuntu, or at least enough of a Satchmo installation that I am able to start with a skeleton of a store and then flesh it out the way I want? Thanks, Jonathan

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  • How to repair multiple KDC an Netlogon errors

    - by Keith Sirmons
    Howdy, I have several erros in the system event log of my single Windows 2003 SP2 domain controller. Multiple member computers on the domain are listed in these errors. I am seeing two similar errors for each computer one second apart in the event log. Event ID 7 Source KDC The Security Account Manager failed a KDC request in an unexpected way. The error is in the data field. The account name was [email protected] and lookup type 0x8. followed by Event ID 7 Source KDC The Security Account Manager failed a KDC request in an unexpected way. The error is in the data field. The account name was MEMBERNAME$ and lookup type 0x8. The Lookup Types are also different, I have 0x8, 0x28, 0x0, 0x20. I am also receiving other authentication errors in the same time frame as all of the KDC errors Event ID 5722 Source NETLOGON The session setup from the computer MEMBERNAME failed to authenticate. The name(s) of the account(s) referenced in the security database is MEMBERNAME$. The following error occurred: Access is denied. I have run dcdiag /v to see if there was something wrong with Active Directory, but all tests passed. I also ran netdiag /v and it appers all of those tests ran. Any ideas on where to start for this issue? Thank you, Keith

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  • Reverse proxy for mailserver (SMTP + HTTP for web client)

    - by gaqzi
    I'm looking at doing some reverse proxy work for a mail server with corresponding web client. Both servers are running on the same machine, this is not a server with a high load. :) The solution I've discussed with friends is having the mail server/web client on our internal network. Then to put a reverse proxy on the DMZ to service both SMTP and web client HTTP-traffic to the mail server on the internal network. From what I understand this is the recommended secure solution? So far I've thought for the SMTP-proxy part of using postfix which will receive mail, do some spamhause and similar anti-spam measures and if it all checks out, send the mail to the mail server on the inside. The mail server on the inside will send all outgoing mail to the proxy which will then send it out on the Internet. For the web client I'm not sure exactly which software I should be running on the proxy machine, I've been thinking about using Squid -- but that's basically based on the fact that I know squid is a http proxy. The web client data will be sent out over SSL. Reading around some here on Serverfault I've seen other people using Apache with mod_proxy+mod_security for similar situations. Am I thinking correctly for this solution? What software would you guys use and with which modules? Thanks in advance for the help! :)

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  • PortForwarding to IIS in Linux

    - by Simon
    Hi, I am trying to set up port forwarding on a linux box to a IIS webserver on my internal network. The web server sits on Windows 2003 Server. My linux box has eth0 - Internet connection eth1 - internal subnet (10.10.10.x) eth2 - 2nd internal subnet (129.168.0.x) dhcp interface my webserver is on the eth2 interface (192.168.0.6) I am doing port forwarding for port 80 with no avail. I use the same set of rules to port forward to a different webserver and it works. The webapplication is available on the internal network but not for external users. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 -d $PUBLIC_IP --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.6:80 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -i eth0 -o eth2 -d 192.168.0.6 --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -o eth0 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -i eth0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE Any Ideas?

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  • TeamCity EC2 Integration via ISA Server

    - by Tim Long
    I have a TeamCity server which is actually installed on SBS 2003 Premium with ISA Server (firewall/proxy) installed. My ADSL connection has multiple IP addresses, which all resolve directly to my SBS external NIC. The NIC is therefore multi-homed and I have allocated one of the IP addresses specifically to TeamCity. In ISA, I've created an access rule to allow the traffic in. I can access my TeamCity server externally and view the web interface, that all works fine. I want to use the Amazon EC2 integration in TeamCity to launch build agents 'in the cloud'. The problem I am having is that when the agent starts, it sees the server and registers, then just sits there waiting. On the server side, the agent appears as 'disconnected'. Examining the settings, the agent's IP address appears to be that of the external NIC. What I think might be happening is that the traffic is undergoing Network Address Translation (NAT) so that TeamCity always thinks the agent is locally installed and therefore can't communicate with the actual remote agent. This seems to happen even though I have a permanent static IP address dedicated to TeamCity. So, the question is this. How can I make traffic to a specific IP address pass through the ISA server un-NATted?

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  • Office Communicator and cannot sync Address book error

    - by Noah
    We are trying to get OCS 2007 R2 up and running. The clients login fine, but when I let it sit for a while, we still get the address book sync error message of: "Cannot synchronize with the corporate address book. This may be because the proxy server setting in your web browser does not allow access to the address book. If the problem persists, contact your system administrator". When I try and download the file locally, this error comes up: Could not load file or assembly 'ABServerHttpHandler, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. Failed to grant minimum permission requests. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131417) I googled and came across this post (http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en/ocsaddressbook/thread/c28ff2d8-66a4-456c-a5ad-e445a667e8ed) which suggests removing and reinstalling .NET 2.0 but that didn't seem to resolve the issue either. When we run abserver.exe -validateDB it works properly. We even tried the suggestion from Greg's Blog (http://blogs.technet.com/greganth/archive/2009/03/11/office-communicator-notifications-cannot-synchronize-address-book.aspx) about restarting the web component services but that didn't work either. Still seeing the same issue. So does anyone have an idea of where we go from here?

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