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  • Sort a list of pointers.

    - by YuppieNetworking
    Hello all, Once again I find myself failing at some really simple task in C++. Sometimes I wish I could de-learn all I know from OO in java, since my problems usually start by thinking like Java. Anyways, I have a std::list<BaseObject*> that I want to sort. Let's say that BaseObject is: class BaseObject { protected: int id; public: BaseObject(int i) : id(i) {}; virtual ~BaseObject() {}; }; I can sort the list of pointer to BaseObject with a comparator struct: struct Comparator { bool operator()(const BaseObject* o1, const BaseObject* o2) const { return o1->id < o2->id; } }; And it would look like this: std::list<BaseObject*> mylist; mylist.push_back(new BaseObject(1)); mylist.push_back(new BaseObject(2)); // ... mylist.sort(Comparator()); // intentionally omitted deletes and exception handling Until here, everything is a-ok. However, I introduced some derived classes: class Child : public BaseObject { protected: int var; public: Child(int id1, int n) : BaseObject(id1), var(n) {}; virtual ~Child() {}; }; class GrandChild : public Child { public: GrandChild(int id1, int n) : Child(id1,n) {}; virtual ~GrandChild() {}; }; So now I would like to sort following the following rules: For any Child object c and BaseObject b, b<c To compare BaseObject objects, use its ids, as before. To compare Child objects, compare its vars. If they are equal, fallback to rule 2. GrandChild objects should fallback to the Child behavior (rule 3). I initially thought that I could probably do some casts in Comparator. However, this casts away constness. Then I thought that probably I could compare typeids, but then everything looked messy and it is not even correct. How could I implement this sort, still using list<BaseObject*>::sort ? Thank you

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  • test cases for testing a strtok-alike function [C++]

    - by Neeraj
    Consider the following class definition: class StrToTokens { StrToTokens(const char* str, const char* delimiters = "\t\r\n"); //constructor string getNextToken(); void reset(); bool empty(); } Can someone list some good testcases to test the above class. A few I could think of are: empty string, empty delimiters, repeated delimiters, consecutive delimiters, string with only delimiters. However, the interviewer expected some more(better ones). Can you help out. Thanks.

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  • Multi-threaded random_r is slower than single threaded version.

    - by Nixuz
    The following program is essentially the same the one described here. When I run and compile the program using two threads (NTHREADS == 2), I get the following run times: real 0m14.120s user 0m25.570s sys 0m0.050s When it is run with just one thread (NTHREADS == 1), I get run times significantly better even though it is only using one core. real 0m4.705s user 0m4.660s sys 0m0.010s My system is dual core, and I know random_r is thread safe and I am pretty sure it is non-blocking. When the same program is run without random_r and a calculation of cosines and sines is used as a replacement, the dual-threaded version runs in about 1/2 the time as expected. #include <pthread.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #define NTHREADS 2 #define PRNG_BUFSZ 8 #define ITERATIONS 1000000000 void* thread_run(void* arg) { int r1, i, totalIterations = ITERATIONS / NTHREADS; for (i = 0; i < totalIterations; i++){ random_r((struct random_data*)arg, &r1); } printf("%i\n", r1); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { struct random_data* rand_states = (struct random_data*)calloc(NTHREADS, sizeof(struct random_data)); char* rand_statebufs = (char*)calloc(NTHREADS, PRNG_BUFSZ); pthread_t* thread_ids; int t = 0; thread_ids = (pthread_t*)calloc(NTHREADS, sizeof(pthread_t)); /* create threads */ for (t = 0; t < NTHREADS; t++) { initstate_r(random(), &rand_statebufs[t], PRNG_BUFSZ, &rand_states[t]); pthread_create(&thread_ids[t], NULL, &thread_run, &rand_states[t]); } for (t = 0; t < NTHREADS; t++) { pthread_join(thread_ids[t], NULL); } free(thread_ids); free(rand_states); free(rand_statebufs); } I am confused why when generating random numbers the two threaded version performs much worse than the single threaded version, considering random_r is meant to be used in multi-threaded applications.

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  • reading a line, tokenizing and assigning to struct in C

    - by Dervin Thunk
    line is fgets'd, and running in a while loop with counter n, d is a struct with 2 char arrays, p and q. Basically, in a few words, I want to read a line, separate it into 2 strings, one up until the first space, and the rest of the line. I clean up afterwards (\n from the file becomes \'0'). The code works, but is there a more idiomatic way to do this? What errors am I running into "unknowingly"? int spc = strcspn(line," "); strncpy(d[n].p, line, spc); d[n].p[spc+1]='\0'; int l = strlen(line)-spc; strncpy(d[n].q, line+spc+1, l); char* nl = strchr(d[n].q, '\n'); if(nl){ *nl='\0'; } n++; Thanks.

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  • Constructing a function call in C

    - by 0x6adb015
    Given that I have a pointer to a function (provided by dlsym() for example) and a linked list of typed arguments, how can I construct a C function call with those arguments? Example: struct param { enum type { INT32, INT64, STRING, BOOL } type; union { int i32; long long i64; char *str; bool b; } value; struct param *next; }; int call_this(int (*function)(), struct param *args) { int result; /* magic here that calls function(), which has a prototype of f(int, long long, char *, bool); , when args consist of a linked list of INT32, INT64, STRING, BOOL types. */ return result; } The OS is Linux. I would like the solution to be portable across MIPS, PPC and x86 (all 32 bits) architecture, using GCC as the compiler. Thanks!

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  • Statically initialize anonymous union in C++

    - by wpfwannabe
    I am trying to statically initialize the following structure in Visual Studio 2010: struct Data { int x; union { char ch; const Data* data; }; }; The following is fails with error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'Data *' to 'char'. static Data d1; static Data d = {1, &d1}; I have found references to some ways this can be initialized properly but none of them work in VS2010. Any ideas?

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  • Passing enums to functions in C++

    - by rocknroll
    Hi all, I have a header file with all the enums listed (#ifndef #define #endif construct has been used to avoid multiple inclusion of the file) that I use in multiple cpp files in my application.One of the enums in the files is enum StatusSubsystem {ENABLED,INCORRECT_FRAME,INVALID_DATA,DISABLED}; There are functions in the application delcared as ShowStatus(const StatusSubsystem&); Earlier in the application when I made calls to the above function like ShowStatus(INCORRECT_FRAME); my application used to compile perfectly. But after some code was added The compilation halts giving the following error: File.cpp:71: error: invalid conversion from `int' to `StatusSubsystem' File.cpp:71: error: initializing argument 1 of `void Class::ShowStatus(const StatusSubsystem&) I checked the code for any conflicting enums in the new code and it looked fine. My Question is what is wrong with the function call that compiler shows as erroneous? For your reference the function definition is: void Class::ShowStatus(const StatusSubsystem& eStatus) { QPalette palette; mStatus=eStatus;//store current Communication status of system if(eStatus==DISABLED) { //select red color for label, if it is to be shown disabled palette.setColor(QPalette::Window,QColor(Qt::red)); mLabel->setText("SYSTEM"); } else if(eStatus==ENABLED) { //select green color for label,if it is to be shown enabled palette.setColor(QPalette::Window,QColor(Qt::green)); mLabel->setText("SYSTEM"); } else if(eStatus==INCORRECT_FRAME) { //select yellow color for label,to show that it is sending incorrect frames palette.setColor(QPalette::Window,QColor(Qt::yellow)); mLabel->setText("SYSTEM(I)"); } //Set the color on the Label mLabel->setPalette(palette); } A strange side effect of this situation is it compiles when I cast all the calls to ShowStatus() as ShowStatus((StatusSubsystem)INCORRECT_FRAME); Though this removes any compilation error, but a strange thing happens. Though I make call to INCORRECT_FRAME above but in function definition it matches with ENABLED. How on earth is that possible? Its like while passing INCORRECT_FRAME by reference, it magically converts to ENABLED, which should be impossible. This is driving me nuts. Can you find any flaw in what I am doing? or is it something else? The application is made using C++,Qt-4.2.1 on RHEL4. Thanks.

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  • C++ operator overloading doubt

    - by avd
    I have a code base, in which for Matrix class, these two definitions are there for () operator: template <class T> T& Matrix<T>::operator() (unsigned row, unsigned col) { ...... } template <class T> T Matrix<T>::operator() (unsigned row, unsigned col) const { ...... } One thing I understand is that the second one does not return the reference but what does const mean in the second declaration. Also which function is called when I do say mat(i,j)

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  • Removing first two elements of a string array in C

    - by sandeep p
    How can I remove first two elements of a string array? I have a code which is something like this. char *x[10]; .............. .............. .............. char *event[20]; event[0]=strtok(x[i]," "); event[1]=strtok(NULL," "); event[2]=strtok(NULL," "); event[3]=strtok(NULL," "); event[4]=strtok(NULL," "); event[5]=strtok(NULL," "); for(i=2;i<length;i++) { strcpy(event[i-2],event[i]); } I observed that only event[0] has proper values. I printed the contents of event[][] before for loop and it displays correctly. Could you please tell me why this is wrong? and a possible solution?

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  • recv receiving not whole data sometime

    - by milo
    hi all, i have following issue: here is the chunk of code: void get_all_buf(int sock, std::string & inStr) { int n = 1; char c; char temp[1024*1024]; bzero(temp, sizeof(temp)); n = recv(sock, temp, sizeof(temp), 0); inStr = temp; }; but sometimes recv returning not whole data (data length always less then sizeof(temp)), only it's part. write side always sends me whole data (i got it with sniffer). what matter? thx. P.S. i know, good manner suggests me to check n (if (n < 0) perror ("error while receiving data), but it doesn't matter now - it's not reason of my problem. P.S.2 i've forgot - it's blocking socket.

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  • matlab: putting a circled number onto a graph

    - by Jason S
    I want to put a circled number on a graph as a marker near (but not on) a point. Sounds easy, but I also want to be invariant of zoom/aspect ratio changes. Because of this invariant, I can't draw a circle as a line object (without redrawing it upon rescale); if I use a circle marker, I'd have to adjust its offset upon rescale. The simplest approach I can think of is to use the Unicode or Wingdings characters ① ② ③ etc. in a string for the text() function. But unicode doesn't seem to work right, and the following sample only works with ① and not for the other numbers (which yield rectangle boxes): works: clf; text(0.5,0.5,char(129),'FontName','WingDings') doesn't work (should be a circled 2): clf; text(0.5,0.5,char(130),'FontName','WingDings') What gives, and can anyone suggest a workaround?

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  • c++ normalizing data sizes across systems

    - by Bocochoco
    I have a struct with three variables: two unsigned ints and an unsigned char. From my understanding, a c++ char is always 1 byte regardless of what operating system it is on. The same can't be said for other datatypes. I am looking for a way to normalize POD's so that when saved into a binary file, the resulting file is readable on any operating system that the code is compiled for. I changed my struct to use a 1-byte alignment by adding #pragma as follows: #pragma pack(push, 1) struct test { int a; } #pragma pack(pop) but that doesn't necessarily mean that int a is exactly 4 bytes on every os, I don't think? Is there a way to ensure that a file saved from my code will always be readable?

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  • Magick++ in VS2010 - unresolved external symbol

    - by FlashFan
    Hey guys! I'm trying to use ImageMagick Magick++ for a C++ Project in VS2010. I installed the Library from here: klick Then in my Project, I added c:/program files/ImageMagick-6.6.6-Q16/include to the include folders. Then I tried to use Magick++ with this code: #include <Magick++.h> void main(int argc, char ** argv){ InitializeMagick(*argv); } But this does not work! VS2010 returns the following errors: error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) void __cdecl Magick::InitializeMagick(char const *)" (__imp_?InitializeMagick@Magick@@YAXPBD@Z) error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals What am I doing wrong? Thanks very much for your help!

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  • Freeing a character pointer returns error

    - by Kraffs
    I'm trying to free a character pointer after having used it but it returns a strange error. The error says: "_CrtDbgREport: String too long or IO Error" The debugger itself returns no errors while compiling. The code currently looks like this: void RespondToUser(SOCKET client, SOCKET server) { char buffer[80]; char *temp = malloc(_scprintf("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n%s\r\nServer: %s\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\nHi!", buffer, SERVER_NAME)); sprintf(temp, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n%s\r\nServer: %s\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\nHi!", buffer, SERVER_NAME); send(client, temp, strlen(temp), 0); closesocket(client); free(temp); ListenToUsers(server); } The problem only occurs when I try to free the temp pointer from the memory and not otherwise. What might be causing this?

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  • I don't get this C/C++ Joke

    - by Buttercup
    After reading this article on thedailywtf.com, I'm not sure that I really got the joke. It says there that some guy changed the code from int function() { int x; char data_string[15]; ... x = 2; strcpy(data_string,"data data data"); ... } to int function() { int x = 2; char data_string[15] = "data data data"; ... } everywhere in the code and that for some reason did inflate the size of the executable from 1 to 2 CDs (or maybe it didn't do that?). Obviously I'm not familiar enough with C/C++ to get this joke, but what seems strangest is that the 2nd code listing seems "cleaner"—at least from what I've been told in school (that is that initializing variables is a good thing, not a bad one).

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  • Is there a simple script to convert C++ enum to string?

    - by Edu Felipe
    Suppose we have some named enums: enum MyEnum { FOO, BAR = 0x50 }; What I googled for is a script (any language) that scans all the headers in my project and generates a header with one function per enum. char* enum_to_string(MyEnum t); And a implementation with something like this: char* enum_to_string(MyEnum t){ switch(t){ case FOO: return "FOO"; case BAR: return "BAR"; default: return "INVALID ENUM"; } } The gotcha is really with typedefed enums, and unnamed C style enums. Does anybody know something for this? EDIT: The solution should not modify my source, except for the generated functions. The enums are in an API, so using the solutions proposed until now is just not an option.

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  • Internal class and access to external members.

    - by Knowing me knowing you
    I have question with this same title here but now as I'll present in code below this seems to behave in the opposite way to the way explained to me in my first question with the same title. Ok code: class LINT_rep { private: char* my_data_; //stores separately every single digit from a number public: class Iterator:public iterator<bidirectional_operator_tag,char*> { Iterator(const LINT_rep&); }; }; #include "StdAfx.h" #include "LINT_rep.h" LINT_rep::Iterator::Iterator(const LINT_rep& owner):myData_(nullptr) { myData_ = owner.my_data_; /* HERE I'M ACCESSING my_data WHICH IS PRIVATE AND THIS CODE COMPILES ON VS2010 ULTIMATE BUT IT SHOULDN'T BECAUSE my_data IS PRIVATE AND OTHER CLASS SHOULDN'T HAVE ACCESS TO IT'S PRIVATE MEMB. AS EXPLAINED TO ME IN QUESTION TO WHICH I;VE PROVIDED LINK. */ } Question in the code. Thanks.

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  • The ** idiom in C++ for object construction

    - by bobobobo
    In a lot of C++ API'S (COM-based ones spring to mind) that make something for you, the pointer to the object that is constructed is usually required as a ** pointer (and the function will construct and init it for you) You usually see signatures like: HRESULT createAnObject( int howbig, Object **objectYouWantMeToInitialize ) ; -- but you seldom see the new object being passed as a return value. Besides people wanting to see error codes, what is the reason for this? Is it better to use the ** pattern rather than a returned pointer for simpler operations such as: wchar_t* getUnicode( const char* src ) ; Or would this better be written as: void getUnicode( const char* src, wchar_t** dst ) ; The most important thing I can think of is to remember to free it, and the ** way, for some reason, tends to remind me that I have to deallocate it as well.

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  • Same loop giving different output. Java IO

    - by Nitesh Panchal
    Hi, I am facing a very strange problem where the same loop keeps giving me different different output on change of value of BUFFER final int BUFFER = 100; char[] charArr = new char[BUFFER]; StringBuffer objStringBuffer = new StringBuffer(); while (objBufferedReader.read(charArr, 0,BUFFER) != -1) { objStringBuffer.append(charArr); } objFileWriter.write(objStringBuffer.toString()); When i change BUFFER size to 500 it gives me a file of 7 kb when i change BUFFER size to 100000 it gives a file of 400 kb where the contents are repeated again and again. Please help. What should i do to prevent this?

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  • int[] to string c#

    - by Robin Webdev
    Hi I'm developing an client application in C# and the server is written in c++ the server uses: inline void StrToInts(int *pInts, int Num, const char *pStr) { int Index = 0; while(Num) { char aBuf[4] = {0,0,0,0}; for(int c = 0; c < 4 && pStr[Index]; c++, Index++) aBuf[c] = pStr[Index]; *pInts = ((aBuf[0]+128)<<24)|((aBuf[1]+128)<<16)|((aBuf[2]+128)<<8)|(aBuf[3]+128); pInts++; Num--; } // null terminate pInts[-1] &= 0xffffff00; } to convert an string to int[] in my c# client i recieve: int[4] { -14240, -12938, -16988, -8832 } How do I convert the array back to an string? I don't want to use unsafe code (e.g. pointers) Any of my tries resulted in unreadable strings.

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  • Need help with displaying the message correctly in the pole display always starting at the beginning

    - by SA
    Hi, I am using an HP RS232 pole display with the following setting: Char type: USA/Europe (default) Command mode: EPSON (default) Baud rate: 9600, n , 8, 1 (default?) Passthru None (Default) Here's the code using System.IO.Ports; private SerialPort port; port = new SerialPort("COM2", 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One); port.Handshake = Handshake.None; Port.WriteLine("Welocome to something something"); It has 2 lines consisting of 20 characters each with a total of 40 characters. I have no control how and where the characters get displayed. I would like it to always begin on line 1 position 1 but as I said earlier how would I be able to do that. The same program if I run again and again it moves a character to the left. I have set it to accept ASCII char set and so I am able to type as is visble in the Writeline message

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  • delete & new in c++

    - by singh
    Hi This may be very simple question,But please help me. i wanted to know what exactly happens when i call new & delete , For example in below code char * ptr=new char [10]; delete [] ptr; call to new returns me memory address. Does it allocate exact 10 bytes on heap, Where information about size is stored.When i call delete on same pointer,i see in debugger that there are a lot of byte get changed before and after the 10 Bytes. Is there any header for each new which contain information about number of byte allocated by new. Thanks a lot

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  • How would I implement code in a .h file into the main.cpp file?

    - by Lea
    I have a c++ project I am working on. I am a little stumped at the moment. I need a little help. I need to implement code from the .h file into the main.cpp file and I am not sure how to do that. For example code code from main.cpp: switch (choice){ case 1: // open an account { cout << "Please enter the opening balence: $ "; cin >> openBal; cout << endl; cout << "Please enter the account number: "; cin >> accountNum; cout << endl; break; } case 2:// check an account { cout << "Please enter the account number: "; cin >> accountNum; cout << endl; break; } and code from the .h file: void display(ostream& out) const; // displays every item in this list through out bool retrieve(elemType& item) const; // retrieves item from this list // returns true if item is present in this list and // element in this list is copied to item // false otherwise // transformers void insert(const elemType& item); // inserts item into this list // preconditions: list is not full and // item not present in this list // postcondition: item is in this list In the .h file you would need to use the void insert under transformer in the main.cpp under case 1. How would you do that? Any help is apprecaited. I hope I didn't confuse anyone on what I am needing to know how to do. Thanks

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  • Best way to implement a data structure in PHP ?

    - by Double Gras
    Hi, I want to use some kind of data structure in PHP (5.2), mainly in order to not pollute the global namespace. I think about two approaches, using an array or a class. Could you tell me which approach is better ? Thanks $SQL_PARAMETERS = array ( 'server' => '127.0.0.1', 'login' => 'root'); class SqlParameters { const SERVER = '127.0.0.1'; const LOGIN = 'root'; } echo $SQL_PARAMETERS['server']; echo SqlParameters::SERVER;

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