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  • #define vs enum in an embedded environment (How do they compile?)

    - by Alexander Kondratskiy
    This question has been done to death, and I would agree that enums are the way to go. However, I am curious as to how enums compile in the final code- #defines are just string replacements, but do enums add anything to the compiled binary? Or are they both equivalent at that stage. When writing firmware and memory is very limited, is there any advantage, no matter how small, to using #defines? Thanks! EDIT: As requested by the comment below, by embedded, I mean a digital camera. Thanks for the answers! I am all for enums!

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  • My Spinner Widgets look different on different devices. How can I define a own Spinner that looks th

    - by Janusz
    I use this code to generate a spinner in my app: subCatAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<Subcategory>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, subCategories); subCatAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); On my device (Motorola Milestone) and in the emulator this looks like the standard gray spinner widget. On of my colleagues uses a Motorola Backflip and on his device the Spinner is black. Now its very hard to read the font in the spinner. What do I have to do to use my own view for the spinner? I don't mind to have the gray spinner on all devices, but it should always look the same on all devices.

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  • Define tables from a part of my ER Diagram.

    - by M R Jafari
    I have a ER-Diagram (Show in http://www.4freeimagehost.com/show.php?i=f82997ca4d5d.png). In the diagram you see 2 entities and a 1:N relataion together. Project has 2 columns as ProjectID, ProjectName. Employee has 3 colums as EmployeeID, EmployeeName and ProjectID. A project has ONLY 1 project-manager and project-manager is a employee. What columns add them?

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  • I want define tables from a part of my ER Diagram.

    - by M R Jafari
    I have a ER-Diagram (Show in http://www.4freeimagehost.com/show.php?i=f82997ca4d5d.png). In the diagram you see 2 entities and a 1:N relataion together. Project has 2 columns as ProjectID, ProjectName. Employee has 3 colums as EmployeeID, EmployeeName and ProjectID. A project has ONLY 1 project-manager and project-manager is a employee. What columns add them?

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  • Why call autorelease for iVar definition in init method?

    - by iFloh
    Hi, I just familiarise myself with the CLLocationManager and found several sample class definitions that contain the following init method: - (id) init { self = [super init]; if (self != nil) { self.locationManager = [[[CLLocationManager alloc] init] autorelease]; self.locationManager.delegate = self; } return self; } - (void)dealloc { [self.locationManager release]; [super dealloc]; } I don't understand why the iVar would be autoreleased. Does this not mean it is deallocated at the end of the init method? I am also puzzled to see the same sample codes have the iVar release in the dealloc method. Any thoughts? '

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  • C# : What if a static method is called from multiple threads?

    - by Holli
    In my Application I have a static method that is called from multiple threads at the same time. Is there any danger of my data being mixed up? In my first attempt the method was not static and I was creating multiple instance of the class. In that case my data got mixed up somehow. I am not sure how this happens because it only happens sometimes. I am still debugging. But now the method is static on I have no problems so far. Maybe it's just luck. I don't know for sure.

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  • What is a good method for coloring textures based on a palette in XNA?

    - by Bob
    I've been trying to work on a game with the look of an 8-bit game using XNA, specifically using the NES as a guide. The NES has a very specific palette and each sprite can use up to 4 colors from that palette. How could I emulate this? The current way I accomplish this is I have a texture with defined values which act as indexes to an array of colors I pass to the GPU. I imagine there must be a better way than this, but maybe this is the best way? I don't want to simply make sure I draw every sprite with the right colors because I want to be able to dynamically alter the palette. I'd also prefer not to alter the texture directly using the CPU.

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  • Call non-static method in server side(aspx.cs) from client side use javascript (aspx).....

    - by Pramulia
    how Call non-static method in server side(aspx.cs) from client side using javascript (aspx)....? As far as I know I can call static method in server side from client side... server side : [System.Web.Services.WebMethod] public static void method1() { } client side : <script language="JavaScript"> function keyUP() { PageMethods.method1(); } </script> <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server" EnablePageMethods="true"> </asp:ScriptManager> It works. Now how do I call non-static method from client side...?

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  • Different results coming out of an init method than those expected. Why does this happen and how can

    - by Mark Reid
    When I run this method the two properties I have are set to (NULL) when I try and access them outside of the if statement. But they are set to 0 and NO if I check them inside the for loop. -(id) init { NSLog(@"Jumping into the init method!"); if (self = [super init]) { NSLog(@"Running the init method extras"); accumulator = 0; NSLog(@"self.accumulator is %g", accumulator); decimal = NO; } NSLog(@"Calc after init is: %@ and %@", self.accumulator, self.decimal); return self; } Any suggestions as to why what comes out is different from what's done in the for loop?

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  • How to define and use a friend function to a temlate class with the same template?

    - by Narek
    I have written the following code: #include <iostream> using namespace std; template <class T> class AA { T a; public: AA() { a = 7; } friend void print(const AA<T> & z); }; template <class T> void print(const AA<T> & z) { cout<<"Print: "<<z.a<<endl; } void main() { AA<int> a; print<int>(a); } And getting the following error: error C2248: 'AA<T>::a' : cannot access private member declared in class 'AA<T>' 1> with 1> [ 1> T=int 1> ] 1> c:\users\narek\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\aaa\aaa\a.cpp(7) : see declaration of 'AA<T>::a' 1> with 1> [ 1> T=int 1> ] 1> c:\users\narek\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\aaa\aaa\a.cpp(30) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void print<int>(const AA<T> &)' being compiled 1> with 1> [ 1> T=int 1> ] What's wrong?

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  • How should I define a JavaScript 'namespace' to satisfy JSLint?

    - by Matthew Murdoch
    I want to be able to package my JavaScript code into a 'namespace' to prevent name clashes with other libraries. Since the declaration of a namespace should be a simple piece of code I don't want to depend on any external libraries to provide me with this functionality. I've found various pieces of advice on how to do this simply but none seem to be free of errors when run through JSLint (using 'The Good Parts' options). As an example, I tried this from Advanced JavaScript (section Namespaces without YUI): "use strict"; if (typeof(MyNamespace) === 'undefined') { MyNamespace = {}; } Running this through JSLint gives the following errors: Problem at line 2 character 12: 'MyNamespace' is not defined. Problem at line 3 character 5: 'MyNamespace' is not defined. Implied global: MyNamespace 2,3 The 'Implied global' error can be fixed by explicitly declaring MyNamespace... "use strict"; if (typeof(MyNamespace) === 'undefined') { var MyNamespace = {}; } ...and the other two errors can be fixed by declaring the variable outside the if block. "use strict"; var MyNamespace; if (typeof(MyNamespace) === 'undefined') { MyNamespace = {}; } So that works, but it seems to me that (since MyNamespace will always be undefined at the point it is checked?) it is equivalent to the much simpler: "use strict"; var MyNamespace = {}; JSLint is content with this but I'm concerned that I've simplified the code to such an extent that it will no longer function correctly as a namespace. Is this final formulation sensible?

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  • What method do I use to manage an app-specific background process?

    - by Simon Dubois
    I am developing an application with different behavior depending on the arguments : "-config" starts a Gtk window to change options, start and close the daemon. "-daemon" starts a background process that does something every X minutes. I already know how to use fork/system/exec etc... But I would like to know the main logic of such application to : restart or refresh the daemon when configuration change. keep only one instance of the daemon. I have read that killing the daemon to restart it is not a clean way to do. How other applications do ? (ubuntuone, weather forecast, rss feed working with notification area) Thanks for your help. PS : I don't want to create a system-wide daemon, just a user application with a background process.

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  • what type of errors can we handle using system define unnamed exception in sqlplus?

    - by Aspirant
    I have been trying to access the below code DECLARE N_DEPTNO DEPT.DEPTNO %TYPE :=&DEPT_NUM; V_DNAME DEPT.DNAME %TYPE; NOT_ENOUGH_VALUES EXCEPTION; PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(NOT_ENOUGH_VALUES,-06502); BEGIN SELECT DNAME,LOC INTO DNAME FROM DEPT WHERE DEPTNO = N_DEPTNO; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Successfully Fetched !!'); EXCEPTION WHEN NOT_ENOUGH_VALUES THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No Enough Values ... '); END; It is still showing error message after specified it in EXCEPTION block. Can i handle these type of errors using PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT i.e not providing enough values in the select statement... If not what type of errors can be handled in System Defined Unnamed Exception using PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT.

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  • Is there a Scala version of .irbrc or another way to define some default libraries for REPL use?

    - by Tom Morris
    I've written a little library that uses implicits to add functionality that one only needs when using the REPL in Scala. Ruby has libraries like this - for things like pretty printing, firing up text editors (like the interactive_editor gem which invokes Vim from irb - see this post), debuggers and the like. The library I am trying to write adds some methods to java.lang.Class and java.lang.reflect classes using the 'pimp my library' implicit conversion process to help you go and find documentation (initially, with Google, then later possibly with a JavaDoc/ScalaDoc viewer, and maybe the StackOverflow API eventually!). It's an itch-scratching library: I spend so much time copying and pasting classnames into Google that I figured I may as well automate the process. It is the sort of functionality that developers will want to add to their system for use only in the REPL - they shouldn't really be adding it to projects (partly because it may not be something that their fellow developers want, but also because if you are doing some exploratory development, it may be with just a Scala REPL that's not being invoked by an IDE or build tool). In my case, I want to include a few classes and set up some implicits - include a .jar on the CLASSPATH and import it, basically. In Ruby, this is the sort of thing that you'd add to your .irbrc file. Other REPLs have similar ways of setting options and importing libraries. Is there a similar file or way of doing this for the Scala REPL?

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  • Python Web Applications: What is the way and the method to handle Registrations, Login-Logouts and Cookies? [on hold]

    - by Phil
    I am working on a simple Python web application for learning purposes. I have chosen a very minimalistic and simple framework. I have done a significant amount of research but I couldn't find a source clearly explaining what I need, which is as follows: I would like to learn more about: User registration User Log-ins User Log-outs User auto-logins I have successfully handled items 1 and 3 due to their simple nature. However, I am confused with item 2 (log-ins) and item 4 (auto-logins). When a user enters username and password, and after hashing with salts and matching it in the DB; What information should I store in the cookies in order to keep the user logged in during the session? Do I keep username+password but encrypt them? Both or just password? Do I keep username and a generated key matching their password? If I want the user to be able to auto-login (when they leave and come back to the web page), what information then is kept in the cookies? I don't want to use modules or libraries that handle these things automatically. I want to learn basics and why something is the way it is. I would also like to point out that I do not mind reading anything you might offer on the topic that explains hows and whys. Possibly with algorithm diagrams to show the process. Some information: I know about setting headers, cookies, encryption (up to some level, obviously not an expert!), request objects, SQLAlchemy etc. I don't want any data kept in a single web application server's store. I want multiple app-servers to be handle a user, and whatever needs to be kept on the server to be done with a Postgres/MySQL via SQLAlchemy (I think, this is called stateless?) Thank you.

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  • What is the best method to start understanding BIG project source code? [closed]

    - by Mr.32
    Possible Duplicate: How do you dive into large code bases? Sometimes before developing new products we need to understand some existing products or existing source code. Sometimes to write another small module of that big project we need to understand that big source code. In our case we need to study and understand a project with lots of files and folders. What is the easiest and most comfortable way to do it ? (especially for C and C++ and under Linux)

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  • Using Rails and Rspec, how do you test that the database is not touched by a method

    - by Will Tomlins
    So I'm writing a test for a method which for performance reasons should achieve what it needs to achieve without using SQL queries. I'm thinking all I need to know is what to stub: describe SomeModel do describe 'a_getter_method' do it 'should not touch the database' do thing = SomeModel.create something_inside_rails.should_not_receive(:a_method_querying_the_database) thing.a_getter_method end end end EDIT: to provide a more specific example: class Publication << ActiveRecord::Base end class Book << Publication end class Magazine << Publication end class Student << ActiveRecord::Base has_many :publications def publications_of_type(type) #this is the method I am trying to test. #The test should show that when I do the following, the database is queried. self.publications.find_all_by_type(type) end end describe Student do describe "publications_of_type" do it 'should not touch the database' do Student.create() student = Student.first(:include => :publications) #the publications relationship is already loaded, so no need to touch the DB lambda { student.publications_of_type(:magazine) }.should_not touch_the_database end end end So the test should fail in this example, because the rails 'find_all_by' method relies on SQL.

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  • Define the base class or base functionality of a dynamic proxy (e.g. Castle, LinFu)

    - by Graham
    Hi, I've asked this in the NHibernate forumns but I think this is more of a general question. NHibernate uses proxy generators (e.g. Castle) to create its proxy. What I'd like to do is to extend the proxy generated so that it implements some of my own custom behaviour (i.e. a comparer). I need this because the following standard .NET behaviour fails to produce the correct results: //object AC is a concrete class collection.Contains(AC) = true //object AP is a proxy with the SAME id and therefore represents the same instance as concrete AC collection.Contains(AP) = false If my comparer was implemented by AP (i.e. do id's match) then collection.Contains(AP) would return true, as I'd expect if proxies were implicit. (NB: For those who say NH inherits from your base class, then yes it does, but NH can also inherit from an interface - which is what we're doing) I'm not at all sure this is possible or where to start. Is this something that can be done in any of the common proxy generators that NH uses?

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  • How to define 'Attached property' as 'SelectedValuePath' in ComboBox?

    - by SpudCZ
    Hi, I have a problem with binding in ComboBox. I'd like to bind ComboBox items to ListView columns and as a selected value return value of attached property defined on the selected column. In example bellow you can see working sample that displays width of selected column. If you try to change SelectedValuePath in ComboBox into (loc:SampleBehavior.SampleValue) you get binding error: BindingExpression path error: '(u:SearchableListView.SearchMemberPath)' property not found on 'object' ''GridViewColumn' <Window x:Class="Problem_Sample1.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:loc="clr-namespace:Problem_Sample1" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen" Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300"> <DockPanel> <ComboBox DockPanel.Dock="Top" x:Name="combobox" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=View.Columns, ElementName=listview}" DisplayMemberPath="Header" SelectedValuePath="Width"> </ComboBox> <StatusBar DockPanel.Dock="Bottom"> <TextBlock> <TextBlock Text="Selected column (value): " /> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=SelectedValue, ElementName=combobox}" /> </TextBlock> </StatusBar> <ListView x:Name="listview"> <ListView.View> <GridView> <GridViewColumn Header="Name" Width="101" loc:SampleBehavior.SampleValue="201" /> <GridViewColumn Header="Surname" Width="102" loc:SampleBehavior.SampleValue="202" /> </GridView> </ListView.View> </ListView> </DockPanel> </Window>   SampleBehavior.cs using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; namespace Problem_Sample1 { public static class SampleBehavior { public static readonly DependencyProperty SampleValueProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached( "SampleValue", typeof (int), typeof (SampleBehavior)); [AttachedPropertyBrowsableForType(typeof(GridViewColumn))] public static int GetSampleValue(GridViewColumn column) { return (int)column.GetValue(SampleValueProperty); } [AttachedPropertyBrowsableForType(typeof(GridViewColumn))] public static void SetSampleValue(GridViewColumn column, int value) { column.SetValue(SampleValueProperty, value); } } }   Thanks for any help or suggestion.

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  • I was stuck in implementing Simple Ftp with Winsock [migrated]

    - by user67449
    I want to implement a SimpleFtp with Winsock. But I was stuck in the maybe the file stream reading and writing. This is the Server. #include <WinSock2.h> #include <memory.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") #define MAX_FILE_NAME 100 #define DATA_PACK_SIZE 80*1000 // ??DataPack?????80KB #define SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE 80*1000 // socket??? #define FILE_BUFFER_SIZE DATA_PACK_SIZE-MAX_FILE_NAME-4*sizeof(int)-sizeof(u_long) //?????,??,??????content????? #define CONTENT_SIZE FILE_BUFFER_SIZE // DataPack?????content??? // Define a structure to hold the content of a file typedef struct FilePack{ char fName[MAX_FILE_NAME]; // File's name int fLen; // File's length int packNum; // Number of the DataPack int packLen; // DataPack's length int packCount; int contenLen; // the content length the DataPack actually holds u_long index; // ?????????? char content[CONTENT_SIZE]; // DataPack?????? }DataPack, *pDataPack; void WinsockInitial(){ WSADATA wsaData; WORD wVersionRequested; int err; wVersionRequested=MAKEWORD(2,2); err=WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); if(err!=0){ cout<<"Error at WSAStartup()."<<endl; exit(0); } if( LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)!=2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)!=2 ){ cout<<"Error at version of Winsock. "<<endl; WSACleanup(); exit(0); } } void SockBind(SOCKET sock, int port, sockaddr_in &addrsock){ addrsock.sin_family=AF_INET; addrsock.sin_port=htons(port); addrsock.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY); if( bind(sock, (sockaddr*)&addrsock, sizeof(addrsock)) == SOCKET_ERROR ){ cout<<"Error at bind(). Error: "<<GetLastError()<<endl; closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); exit(0); } } void SockListen(SOCKET sock, int bak){ int err=listen(sock, bak); if(err==SOCKET_ERROR){ cout<<"Error at listen()."<<WSAGetLastError()<<endl; closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); exit(0); } } int SockSend(DataPack &dataPack, SOCKET sock, char *sockBuf){ int bytesLeft=0, bytesSend=0; int idx=0; bytesLeft=sizeof(dataPack); // ?DataPack?????sockBuf??? memcpy(sockBuf, &dataPack, sizeof(dataPack)); while(bytesLeft>0){ bytesSend=send(sock, &sockBuf[idx], bytesLeft, 0); if(bytesSend==SOCKET_ERROR){ cout<<"Error at send()."<<endl; return 1; } bytesLeft-=bytesSend; idx+=bytesSend; } return 0; } int GetFileLen(FILE *fp){ // ?????? if(fp==NULL){ cout<<"Invalid argument. Error at GetFileLen()."<<endl; exit(0); } fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END); int tempFileLen=ftell(fp); fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET); return tempFileLen; } int main(){ int err; sockaddr_in addrServ; int port=8000; // Initialize Winsock WinsockInitial(); // Create a socket SOCKET sockListen=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if(sockListen==INVALID_SOCKET){ cout<<"Error at socket()."<<endl; WSACleanup(); return 1; } // Bind the socket. SockBind(sockListen, port, addrServ); // Listen for incoming connection requests cout<<"Waiting for incoming connection requests..."<<endl; SockListen(sockListen, 5); // Accept the connection request. sockaddr_in addrClient; int len=sizeof(addrClient); SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockListen, (sockaddr*)&addrClient, &len); if(sockConn!=INVALID_SOCKET){ cout<<"Connected to client successfully."<<endl; } // Set the buffer size of socket char sockBuf[SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE]; int nBuf=SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE; int nBufLen=sizeof(nBuf); err=setsockopt(sockConn, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char*)&nBuf, nBufLen); if(err!=0){ cout<<"Error at setsockopt(). Failed to set buffer size for socket."<<endl; exit(0); } //??????????? err = getsockopt(sockConn, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char*)&nBuf, &nBufLen); if( SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE != nBuf){ cout<<"Error at setsockopt(). ?socket????????"<<endl; closesocket(sockListen); closesocket(sockConn); WSACleanup(); exit(0); } //------------------------------------------------------------------------// DataPack dataPackSend; memset(&dataPackSend, 0, sizeof(dataPackSend)); int bytesRead; int bytesLeft; int bytesSend; int packCount; // Counts how many DataPack needed FILE *frp; // Used to read if(strcpy_s(dataPackSend.fName, "music.mp3")!=0){ cout<<"Error at strcpy_s()."<<endl; return 1; } // Open the file in read+binary mode err=fopen_s(&frp, dataPackSend.fName, "rb"); if(err!=0){ cout<<"Error at fopen_s()."<<endl; return 1; } char fileBuf[FILE_BUFFER_SIZE]; // Set the buffer size of File if(setvbuf(frp, fileBuf, _IONBF, FILE_BUFFER_SIZE)!=0){ cout<<"Error at setvbuf().Failed to set buffer size for file."<<endl; closesocket(sockListen); closesocket(sockConn); WSACleanup(); exit(0); } // Get file's length int fileLen=GetFileLen(frp); cout<<"File ???:"<<fileLen<<" bytes."<<endl; // Calculate how many DataPacks needed packCount=ceil( (double)fileLen/CONTENT_SIZE ); cout<<"File Length: "<<fileLen<<" "<<"Content Size: "<<CONTENT_SIZE<<endl; cout<<"???"<<packCount<<" ?DataPack"<<endl; int i=0; for(i=0; i<packCount; i++){ //?????dataPackSend????? memset(&dataPackSend, 0, sizeof(dataPackSend)); // Fill the dataPackSend if(strcpy_s(dataPackSend.fName, "abc.txt")!=0){ cout<<"Error at strcpy_s()."<<endl; return 1; } dataPackSend.packLen=DATA_PACK_SIZE; dataPackSend.fLen=fileLen; dataPackSend.packCount=packCount; if( packCount==1 ){ //??DataPack??? bytesRead=fread(fileBuf, 1, dataPackSend.fLen, frp); dataPackSend.contenLen=dataPackSend.fLen; memcpy(dataPackSend.content, fileBuf, bytesRead); dataPackSend.packNum=0; //???????DataPack // ?????dataPackSend?Client? if( SockSend(dataPackSend, sockConn, sockBuf)==0 ){ cout<<"??? "<<dataPackSend.packNum<<" ?DataPack"<<endl; } }else if( packCount>1 && i<(packCount-1) ){ // ???(???????) bytesRead=fread(fileBuf, 1, CONTENT_SIZE, frp); dataPackSend.contenLen=CONTENT_SIZE; memcpy(dataPackSend.content, fileBuf, bytesRead); dataPackSend.packNum=i; //?dataPackSend??????Client? if( SockSend(dataPackSend, sockConn, sockBuf)==0 ){ cout<<"??? "<<dataPackSend.packNum<<" ?DataPack."<<endl; } }else{ // ????? bytesRead=fread(fileBuf, 1, (dataPackSend.fLen-i*CONTENT_SIZE), frp); dataPackSend.contenLen=dataPackSend.fLen-i*CONTENT_SIZE; memcpy(dataPackSend.content, fileBuf, bytesRead); dataPackSend.packNum=i; //?dataPackSend???Client? if( SockSend(dataPackSend, sockConn, sockBuf)==0 ){ cout<<"??? "<<dataPackSend.packNum<<" ?DataPack."<<endl; } } } fclose(frp); closesocket(sockListen); closesocket(sockConn); WSACleanup(); return 0; } And this is Client. #include <WinSock2.h> #include <memory.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") #define MAX_FILE_NAME 100 #define DATA_PACK_SIZE 80*1000 // ??DataPack?????80KB #define SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE 80*1000 // socket??? #define FILE_BUFFER_SIZE DATA_PACK_SIZE-MAX_FILE_NAME-4*sizeof(int)-sizeof(u_long) //?????,??,??????content????? #define CONTENT_SIZE FILE_BUFFER_SIZE // DataPack?????content??? // Define a structure to hold the content of a file typedef struct FilePack{ char fName[MAX_FILE_NAME]; // File's name int fLen; // File's length int packNum; // Number of the DataPack int packLen; // DataPack's length int packCount; //DataPack??? int contenLen; // the content length the DataPack actually holds u_long index; // ?????????? char content[CONTENT_SIZE]; // DataPack?????? }DataPack, *pDataPack; void WinsockInitial(){ WSADATA wsaData; WORD wVersionRequested; int err; wVersionRequested=MAKEWORD(2,2); err=WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); if(err!=0){ cout<<"Error at WSAStartup()."<<endl; exit(0); } if( LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)!=2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)!=2 ){ cout<<"Error at version of Winsock. "<<endl; WSACleanup(); exit(0); } } int SockRecv(SOCKET sock, char *sockBuf){ int bytesLeft, bytesRecv; int idx=0; bytesLeft=DATA_PACK_SIZE; while(bytesLeft>0){ bytesRecv=recv(sock, &sockBuf[idx], bytesLeft, 0); if(bytesRecv==SOCKET_ERROR){ cout<<"Error at recv()."<<endl; return 1; } bytesLeft-=bytesRecv; idx+=bytesRecv; } return 0; } int main(){ int err; sockaddr_in addrServ; int port=8000; // Initialize Winsock WinsockInitial(); // Create a socket SOCKET sockClient=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if(sockClient==INVALID_SOCKET){ cout<<"Error at socket()."<<endl; WSACleanup(); return 1; } // Set the buffer size of socket char sockBuf[SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE]; int nBuf=SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE; int nBufLen=sizeof(nBuf); err=setsockopt(sockClient, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char*)&nBuf, nBufLen); if(err!=0){ cout<<"Error at setsockopt(). Failed to set buffer size for socket."<<endl; exit(0); } //??????????? err = getsockopt(sockClient, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char*)&nBuf, &nBufLen); if( SOCKKET_BUFFER_SIZE != nBuf){ cout<<"Error at getsockopt(). ?socket????????"<<endl; closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); exit(0); } // Connect to the Server addrServ.sin_family=AF_INET; addrServ.sin_port=htons(port); addrServ.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); err=connect(sockClient, (sockaddr*)&addrServ, sizeof(sockaddr)); if(err==SOCKET_ERROR){ cout<<"Error at connect()."<<GetLastError()<<endl; closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); return 1; }else{ cout<<"Connected to the FTP Server successfully."<<endl; } /* int i=0; int bytesRecv, bytesLeft, bytesWrite; int packCount=0, fLen=0; DataPack dataPackRecv; //?????? SockRecv(sockClient, sockBuf); memcpy(&dataPackRecv, sockBuf, sizeof(dataPackRecv)); cout<<"???? "<<dataPackRecv.packNum<<" ?DataPack."<<endl; cout<<"?DataPack??fName????: "<<dataPackRecv.fName<<endl; //??????? packCount=dataPackRecv.packCount; cout<<"?? "<<packCount<<" ?DataPack."<<endl; fLen=dataPackRecv.fLen; // Create a local file to write into FILE *fwp; err=fopen_s(&fwp, dataPackRecv.fName, "wb"); if(err!=0){ cout<<"Error at creat fopen_s(). Failed to create a local file to write into."<<endl; return 1; } // Set the buffer size of File char fileBuf[FILE_BUFFER_SIZE]; if(setvbuf(fwp, fileBuf, _IONBF, FILE_BUFFER_SIZE)!=0){ cout<<"Error at setvbuf().Failed to set buffer size for file."<<endl; memset(fileBuf, 0, sizeof(fileBuf)); closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); exit(0); } //???????content???? memcpy(fileBuf, dataPackRecv.content, sizeof(dataPackRecv.content)); bytesWrite=fwrite(fileBuf, 1, sizeof(fileBuf), fwp); if(bytesWrite<sizeof(fileBuf)){ cout<<"Error at fwrite(). Failed to write the content of dataPackRecv to local file."<<endl; } //?????packCount-1????????????????? for(int i=1; i<packCount; i++){ // ????????? memset(sockBuf, 0, sizeof(sockBuf)); memset(&dataPackRecv, 0, sizeof(dataPackRecv)); memset(fileBuf, 0, sizeof(fileBuf)); SockRecv(sockClient, sockBuf); memcpy(&dataPackRecv, sockBuf, sizeof(dataPackRecv)); cout<<"???? "<<dataPackRecv.packNum<<" ?DataPack."<<endl; //???? memcpy(fileBuf, dataPackRecv.content, dataPackRecv.contenLen); bytesWrite=fwrite(fileBuf, 1, dataPackRecv.contenLen, fwp); if(bytesWrite<dataPackRecv.contenLen){ cout<<"Error at fwrite(). Failed to write the content of dataPackRecv to local file."<<endl; } } if( (i+1)==packCount ){ cout<<"??DataPack????????!"<<endl; } fclose(fwp); closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); return 0;*/ }

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  • How can I define an empty array in a Perl construtor?

    - by Laimoncijus
    I am just beginner with Perl, so if it sounds stupid - sorry for that :) My problem is - I am trying to write a class, which has an empty array, defined in constructor of a class. So I am doing this like this: package MyClass; use strict; sub new { my ($C) = @_; my $self = { items => () }; bless $self, ref $C || $C; } sub get { return $_[0]->{items}; } 1; Later I am testing my class with simple script: use strict; use Data::Dumper; use MyClass; my $o = MyClass->new(); my @items = $o->get(); print "length = ", scalar(@items), "\n", Dumper(@items); And while running the script I get following: $ perl my_test.pl length = 1 $VAR1 = undef; Why am I doing wrong what causes that I get my items array filled with undef? Maybe someone could show me example how the class would need to be defined so I would not get any default values in my array?

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  • C# / Entity Framework / Linq question regarding calling a method when a class is accessed...

    - by Daniel
    So this is probably really basic, but I'm fairly new to all this. I am using Entity Framework with POCO entities. I want to call a method when a class property is set. I am trying to build an advertisement platform. I have a Customer class, a Venue class and an Advertisement class. I have my indexes set up in such a way that I can call customer.venue. However, I want to be able to call Customer.Venue.CurrentAdvertisement and have it execute a method (if CurrentAdvertisement is null) and return the current advertisement. I know I can explicitly set it every time, but I want to be able to override my classes so that whenever the CurrentAdvertisement property is accessed via LINQ it runs that method to return an ad. In order to do this I need to pass the Venue class a variable (venue name).

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  • Method with throws Exception: Where is it actually handled?

    - by Esq
    Here is an example code, I am throwing an exception here, it works perfectly fine without the try/catch block of code for some reason. Do I have to handle this inside this method "EntryDelete" or Do I have to handle this where the method is called from? If so can I see an example, what do I have to import in there? What is the acceptable syntax or method to do this? public boolean EntryDelete(int entryId) throws SQLException{ this.open(); kDatabase.delete(kENTRY_TABLE, kENTRY_ENTRY_ID + "=" + entryId, null); this.close(); return true; } Thanks

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