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• Which TCP ports to use?

  - by rowatt

  Is there a TCP port range which I can be sure will not be used by anything else for traffic between two machines? If I am reading RFC6335 correctly, I can be sure that no other applications will use specific ports in the Dynamic/Private/Ephemeral range of 49152-65535. However, if I understand correctly, it also states (section 8.1.2) that an application shouldn't assume that any given port in that range is available at any given time, which would mean I can't be 100% sure that it will be unused all the time. Specifically, I want to assign specific SSH traffic to a different port for the security benefit and so I can classify it differently for QoS purposes, and not have to worry about changing the port in the future.

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• Use .htaccess to block *All* access to specific folders.

  - by Urda

  I am not sure how to do this, but I want to block all access to a specific set of folders on my web server. Say secret01 and secret 02... homeDir |- data |- www | |- .htaccess (file) | |- images | |- js | |- secret01 | |- secret02 | |... |... What rule(s) do I need to add to my root .htaccess file to do this? I want all access from the web blocked from going into these folders, period. Only way one could get to them would be over SFTP or SSH. So what rule am I looking for? I am preferably looking for a one-liner so I can add more folders or move it to another site down the road. I really would prefer if the rule could be placed in the .htaccess root file so I don't have to jump all over the place to lock and unlock folders.

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• VPS stops responding every now and again

  - by Or W

  I have a Linode vps that I use to host some of my websites on. It's Ubuntu based and it's up to date in terms of all packages. I don't have any cron jobs scheduled or any automatic processes. I host a few (up to date) wordpress blogs there that have very little traffic altogether. Every day (at a different time) my server stops responding, I can't SSH to it, web access is getting timed out and it just dies until I reboot it through the Linode manager. On the linode dashboard I can see that the CPU is not very high (2-3%) Incoming/Outgoing traffic is on 0 and the IO count has a spike just before the server stops responding (SWAP IO is at 2k and IO Rate is at 5k). When I reboot the server everything is just fine. I'm trying to figure out a way to analyze what's going on at these random times where the server freezes up. How can I determine the problem?

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• Access MacZFS via network from XBMC

  - by AreusAstarte

  I have a ZFS RAID (zpool with three drives) hooked up to my Mac that I want to share in my LAN so that the XBMC client on my OUYA console hooked up to the television can read the drive and use it to stream my movies and television shows onto the television set. I've searched around for a bit but so far haven't found anything that helped me with it. I know that when connecting to the Mac with SSH I can't just access the drive due to different formatting. What do I have to do so that XBMC will be able to read it? How do I share it?

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• How to set/keep directory permissions?

  - by Dylan

  I'm using CwRsync to connect from my Windows development machine to a linux webserver : rsync -avuz -e ./ssh --exclude=".svn" /cygdrive/c/xampp/htdocs/project123/ [email protected]:/home/user123/public_html This syncs my development project directory nicely and fast to the server. But after doing this, all directory properties are reset to the local user user123 only, so the website is not available anymore. I need to manually reset those properties. Why is this happening, and how to prevent it? PS. coming from a Windows environment I'm having a really hard time understanding rsync. I copied the above command from some examples... just need to get this one small thing working too...

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• centos 5.6, virtual on Vsphere

  - by Glasnhost

  suddenly my virtual centos server (5.6 on VMWare-VSphere) is not working... It started with the url not responding, nor the ip. (NO HTTP response, no ping). When I entered on the server via ssh to start troubleshooting I noticed that most of commands don't work anymore: top- machine hangs (it's not slow anyway) ps - machine hangs (funny enough apache server and web app are running and sending me emails) on some directory ls -l - machine hangs after first file, if ls l.txt the file show only the first file "more" command, also hangs on some file. So there are very little things I can try. I recovered my virtual machine from yesterday and before yesterday, and they show the same behaviour, it hangs on commands (but yesterday they were working). There is no firewall on the machine, there is on the host though. I can connect with ftp but I can't download files nor list directory apart the user top directory... Working hard right now, any idea appreciated

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• Build Advise for Home Web/NAS Server with Ubuntu Server 12.04 [closed]

  - by razor7

  I need to have a personal Webserver with NAS capabilities. The Webserver to test some LAMP projects I develop for clients, and also NAS to be able to stream media to local network. I want to have full control of the box, so I'm planning to build it with some spare parts and Ubuntu Server. The services/software that will run are (remember, is for personal and testing use only): SAMBA/CIFS SSH Server Apache 2 MySQL 5 Mercurial Repo PHP 5.3 Ruby on Rails OwnCloud Dovecot Webmin Postfix PureFTPd ClamAV The Hardware: Intel Dual Core E2180 2.0 GHz MSI P35 Neo Kinkston 1GB DDR2, 667 MSI Nvidia 7300le PCIe x16 256mb RAM HDD SATA WD Green 2TB x2 (RAID-1 with MDADM RAID Controller) 16 GB USB Pendrive (For server system installation) My idea is to build this system, using the pendrive for the Ubuntu Server software, and packages, and the RAID-1 for gross data storage. What do you think? Thanks a lot!

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• Is it possible to pick out what applications that should run through a VPN in Ubuntu 9.10

  - by user31257

  Hi, I'm using Ubuntu 9.10 and I'm wondering if it is possible to pick out what applications that should use a VPN. Say for example that I want to route Transmissions connection through a VPN, but I also want to be able to access my computer over SSH via my usual static IP-adress ( running the SSH- deamon over my normal internet connection) . Is there anyway to do this? As I've been searching the web I found that at least it is possible to set whether you want both your internet connection and your "local network" to go through the VPN or if you want just the "local network" to go through it. I'm using the network-manager-pptp with the pptp- protocol.

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• Windows port forwarding

  - by carlesso

  This is the scenario: A Windows XP client A Linux Server The client is natted/firewalled/unreacheable from outside, the linux server is public. I need to allow the client, once upon some conditions, to expose the remote desktop port (3389) on the Linux Server, somethig like ssh -R 3389:localhost:3389. I dream it as a service, or something like that so I can start and stop the "forwarding-session" on my needs. I've to pilot this session from some program-language (python or ruby mostly). Any hint? Thanks in advance.

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• How to disable ^C from being echoed on Linux on Ctrl-C

  - by pts

  When I press Ctrl-C in any pseudoterminal (xterm, gnome-terminal, rxvt, text console and SSH) in Karmic Koala, the string ^C gets echoed to the terminal in Ubuntu Karmic Koala. This hasn't happened in Ubuntu Jaunty Jackalope. I'd like to get rid of the extra ^C. Example: $ cat foo foo ^C $ _ I got the above by typing C, A, T, Enter, F, O, O, Enter, Ctrl-C. I want to get rid of the ^C, and get this for the same keypresses: $ cat foo foo $ _ I tried setting stty -echoctl, which created a single-character HT (or a box with Unicode 0003 in it) instead of the ^C. I want to see absolutely nothing when I press Ctrl-C. I'm using Linux linux 2.6.31-20-generic-pae #57-Ubuntu SMP Mon Feb 8 10:23:59 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux

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• DHCP server inside a virtual machine can't see other machines

  - by William

  Hi, I setup a private network from virtual machines and one of the machines is the DHCP server for the group. I want to specify a next-server for the DHCP server but I'm having trouble connecting to any of the machines that I lease IPs to. I'm just trying to do a simple ping/ssh to 10.0.0.252 (a machine with a lease) but it doesn't seem to respond. Any advice? I'm assuming I need to be able to connect to my next-server but maybe I'm wrong. Thanks.

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• Is there a way to have tortisesvn use Windows 7 kerberos tickets to auth against an apache svn server?

  - by jmp242

  I have putty able to use gssapi on my Windows 7 x64 clients against kerberos logins for SSH. I.e. it forwards the ticket you get when you log in to windows. I can't figure out how to get tortiseSVN to do the same. I can get it to prompt me for my credentials every time I do ANYTHING and they work, by changing from neon to serf in the config file. But I need it to use the ticket so I don't have to continually type in my username and password. If Tortise can't do this, does anyone know of an svn client for Windows that does?

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• How to combine with openvpn, dynamic-ip?

  - by asfasdv

  Dear everyone, I am currently using openvpn to surf online to bypass censorship. Let me show you the initial scenario: before openvpn is turned on: IP: 1.2.3.4 (hypothetical, checked by visiting whatismyip.com/) after openvpn is turned on IP: 10.2.3.4 (this is also checked with whatismyip.com/, I assume this is where the vpn's exit point's IP ) Situation: Once I enable openvpn, I can still ssh into this computer by sshing into 1.2.3.4, even though visiting whatismyip.com/ says it's 10.2.3.4. However, I am on dynamic IP, I run a website, and am using tools (inadyn in particular) which pings the freedns.afraid.org (my dns server) and updates my ip. The messed up part is when inadyn does so, my dns changes the ip to 10.2.3.4, which is presumably the exit point of my vpn. How do I get around this? (Note that sshing into 1.2.3.4 STILL works).

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• Best practice for administering a (hadoop) cluster

  - by Alex

  Dear all, I've recently been playing with Hadoop. I have a six node cluster up and running - with HDFS, and having run a number of MapRed jobs. So far, so good. However I'm now looking to do this more systematically and with a larger number of nodes. Our base system is Ubuntu and the current setup has been administered using apt (to install the correct java runtime) and ssh/scp (to propagate out the various conf files). This is clearly not scalable over time. Does anyone have any experience of good systems for administering (possibly slightly heterogenous: different disk sizes, different numbers of cpus on each node) hadoop clusters automagically? I would consider diskless boot - but imagine that with a large cluster, getting the cluster up and running might be bottle-necked on the machine serving the OS. Or some form of distributed debian apt to keep the machines native environment synchronised? And how do people successfully manage the conf files over a number of (potentially heterogenous) machines? Thanks very much in advance, Alex

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• Mount a remote Linux hard drive as another Windows 7 partition during boot?

  - by zhuanyi

  I would like to mount a hard drive on a remote computer (running on CentOS 6) as a Windows drive so that I can install programs to that drive. The primary hard drive for my Windows machine (which is at home) is pretty small, I have a Linux server sitting in a remote data center with a much larger hard drive and allow me to install more stuff. I know most of you are going to say Samba, unfortunately the biggest problem for me in this case is that I can not mount Samba as a network share unless I start OpenVPN or SSH tunneling first, which is not good for my case because I will install some startup programs to the remote drive as well. Therefore, the remote drive has to be ready and work just like another drive BEFORE any of the startup programs start to load. Is that possible? My home PC has Windows 7 Professional 32 bit installed and the remote server is a Xen virtual server running on CentOS 6. I have admin/root permissions for both. Thanks a lot!

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• Launch script after SFTP disconnect

  - by Mates

  I'm currently using Caja (basically the same as Nautilus) to connect using SSH to my server and work with files. What I'm looking for is a way to launch a simple script when I disconnect - I can launch a script after disconnecting from the TTY by putting it into ~/.bash_logout file, but that is not executed when disconnecting from a file manager. The only idea I have is to set up a cronjob which would be checking for existing sftp-server or sshd processes periodicaly and launched the script when there's no such process running. Is there any easier way to do this?

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• Server installation logging / logbook / diary?

  - by The MYYN

  Are there some ways field-tested ways to keep a kind of logbook for a server? Including: software installations (and de-installations) custom configurations (e.g. of a webserver, ssh daemon, etc.) personal notes The big picture. I am preparing a server and would like to extensively document the state and how it was established over time, so that a new person can easily see, what's going on and why. The setup is not too complicated, but I would like to do it anyway. I once used something like Maintain /etc with mercurial on Debian and it was nice, but I am looking for a little more flexible solution. Addendum: So I am interested in logging and documentation first. In an ideal world however, I would like to have a command, which in a few steps would take me from a bare newly installed unix system to a functional environment with all the components setup and in place by the means of, say an 'executable' log. But that would be very ideal, I imagine.

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• How to transer/execute a script on remote unix server from Linux machine

  - by Jagadeesh

  I am trying to deploy an executable and execute it on remote Unix machine(Linux/Solaris) from Linux without entering the password manually. I tried scp and also SSH key-gen utility to interact with remote server but in either way i couldn't avoid providing the password manually. Since I need to run this command/utility from Java code, I should completely avoid prompting for the password at run time. I have gone through many topics in google but nothing has been materialized. Your help would really be appreciated if i could proceed further on this issue. Thanks in advance. -Jagadeesh

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• software to view logs on remote server

  - by Tarun

  I have configured syslog server on my linux machine like this Linux Machine (syslog client) -- Linux Machine (syslog server) I have configured it and its working properly. Now, the problem is I want to look at the logs located on remote server in a particular directory for example /var/log/host-ip/httpd.log. One way is that I use ssh for that and then see those logs using commands like tail etc. So is there any Browser based graphical utility which I can use on my machine in which I just give the remote folder location, ip-address etc. and the software shows me the logs present on that remote server. Thanks.

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• Is GPU active when there are not any monitors?

  - by Mixer

  Does GPU render anything when there is no monitor plugged in? Today I turned my old PC into some kind of a "server" which means that I want it running 24/7. I don't need any display (I will operate through ssh) so when everything was set up I removed my monitor. After a hour I checked my graphic card's cooling system and it was still hot. My graphic card is GeForce 8600 (with DVI connector), OS is Debian Linux. What is the best solution in this situation (standalone server) if GPU is active and I don't want it to waste power?

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• XDMCP is slow any ideas? (looking for alternative remote desktops)

  - by peteri

  I've been used to using RDP on Windows to remote to machines, and I've got an asus eee 701 which I want to use to do some *nix programming on. While the eee is a lovely little machine the screen and keyboard are a little small to use for lots of programming. I've tried using Xming (the free version) to remote login into the eee from my desktop using XDMCP (or even using a ssh session as a straight X11 server and no desktop on the eee) the whole thing seems seriously slow over wifi the initial desktop takes at least 5 seconds to paint (might even be 10 seconds I haven't actually timed it). So my real question is what do other folks use for remote control with a GUI for their *nix boxes? I am finding it hard to believe the performance is so bad over a wifi network (It makes the Mac IIs I used to use a college in 1988 seem fast) or is this just a problem with Xming and using say the Cygwin X11 server would be better.

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• ubuntu server refusing connections via port forwarding

  - by Matt

  Getting some really weird behavior from our Ubuntu server... it's behind a Verizon router firewall with port forwarding (port 8080 to port 80 on the server), and we've been having issues accessing it via this external IP. From within the network, it appears to respond normally (I can access it via web browser and SSH), but refuses connections through port forwarding (using our static external IP). The strangest thing is that it actually responds to external port-forwarded connections right after being restarted, but quickly lapses back into this pattern of refusing external connections. I'm a bit of a server newbie (I'm actually a programmer in a small startup that just lost their server ops guy, urgh) so this is all trial by fire for me. Does anyone have any advice on what could be going wrong here? Any help would be appreciated, thanks.

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• Finding the length of files and file path of directory structure in a Linux file system.

  - by Robert Nickens

  I have a problem on a Linux OS running a version of SMB where if the absolute path to a directory within a Shared Folder is greater than 1024 bytes and the filename component is greater than 256 bytes the SMB service crashes and locks out all other services for network access like, SSH and FTP rendering the machine mute. To keep the system for crashing I’ve temporarily moved a group of folders where I think the problem path may be located outside of Shared Folder. I need to find the file and file path that exceeded this limitation and rename them or remove them allowing me to return a bulk of the files to the Shared Folder. I’ve tried the find and grep commands without success. Is there a chain of commands or script that I can use to hunt down the offending files and directory? Please advise.

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• Sync Dropbox remotely

  - by David

  I have Dropbox on my Ubuntu desktop, and I am working remotely on my laptop. I would like to add files from my desktop to Dropbox and then access them on my laptop. So, I did the following: ssh tomydesktop ln -s myfile.txt ~/Dropbox/ and then when I ls ~/Dropbox myfile.txt shows up However, myfile.txt does not show up either on the Dropbox website version of the folder or on my laptop. Do I need to somehow "sync" the Dropbox folder from the desktop? I do not see any sync options on my laptop or on the website.

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• How to avoid trailing spaces when you copy something from terminal?

  - by Michael Härtl

  I often copy a code snippet from a SSH terminal session where i'm logged in to some remote server and have a file opened in vim, for example to paste it here into an answer at SO. It frequently happens, that the code is padded with trailing spaces to match the terminal width. Whereas i've seen this on both, my Ubuntu and Windows machines (using putty) i think, it doesn't happen always. I was not able to figure out when it happens, though. So i wonder how i can avoid those trailing spaces which i have to remove manually all the time in the textarea, where i copy it to. Note, that the files do not have trailing spaces on the server! It only happens if i select and copy some text.

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